Wiener AVM16 User manual

Brand: Wiener

Model: AVM16

Type: User manual

16 channel ADC, 160 MHz

with features extraction

User’s Manual

W-I

–N

-R

AVM16 / AVX16

General Remarks

The only purpose of this manual is a description of the product. It must not be interpreted as a

declaration of conformity for this product including the product and software.

W-I

-N

-R revises this product and manual without notice. Differences between the description

in manual and the product are possible.

W-I

-N

-R excludes completely any liability for loss of profits, loss of business, loss of use or

data, interrupt of business, or for indirect, special incidental, or consequential damages of any

kind, even if

W-I

-N

-R has been advises of the possibility of such damages arising from any defect or error

in this manual or product.

Any use of the product which may influence health of human beings requires the express written

permission of W-I

-N

-R.

Products mentioned in this manual are mentioned for identification purposes only. Product names

appearing in this manual may or may not be registered trademarks or copyrights of their respective

companies.

No part of this product, including the product and the software may be reproduced, transmitted,

transcribed, stored in a retrieval system, or translated into any language in any form by any means

without the express written permission of W-I

-N

-R.

Table of contents:

1 GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS 5

2 GENERAL DESCRIPTION 6

3 INPUT CIRCUITRY 8

4 TRIGGERING 9

4.1 Internal trigger functionality 9

4.2 External trigger functionality 9

4.3 Software trigger 9

5 TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION OF AVM-16 / AVX-16 10

5.1 Technical description 11

5.2 FPGA logic 12

5.2.1 Window control 12

5.2.2 Feature Extraction 12

5.3 VME addressing 13

5.4 Software registers 14

5.4.1 Overview of registers 14

5.4.2 First group of registers (control FPGA) 15

5.4.3 Registers that are sent to all ADC FPGAs too. 18

5.4.4 Registers that are individually available for every channel. 20

5.4.5 Registers for data readout in single or block transfer mode. 20

5.5 Decoding output 21

5.6 Example of data readout 25

5.6.1 Sample column 28

5.6.2 Raw data column 28

5.6.3 Time column 28

5.6.4 Hex column 28

5.6.5 Dec column 28

5.6.6 Absolute column 28

5.6.7 Absolute hex 29

5.6.8 Register value 29

1 General Specifications

Bus standard VME-64, VME-64/VXS

No. of channels 16

Input standard LEMO

Sampling speed 160 MHz

Input voltage range +/- 1.000 V

Bandwidth - 10 Hz..100 MHz (DC, full bandwidth option)

- 200 kHz..user limited (AC, limited bandwidth)

Resolution 12 bit

Noise 0.8 LSB (RMS)

Buffer length 1024 samples (6.4 us). 4 buffers for 16 channe1s

Synchronization - External front panel connector ECL/PECL/LVDS

- Dedicated VME pins for customizations

Clock - Internal clock 160 MHz

- External front panel connector ECL/PECL/LVDS

- Dedicated VME pins for customizations

Trigger options - External front panel connector ECL/PECL/LVDS,

- Internal self-triggering mode

Integration time window - relative to trigger time or to pulse arrival time

Time resolution 1.5625 ns (interpolated signal t0)

Feature extraction - Amplitude

- Integral

- Time of arrival

- Multiple pulses (times, minima, maxima, partial charges)

Zero-suppression - amplitude threshold common for all channels

- integral threshold individual for every channel

Readout mode - Limited verbosity (only charge and time for the main pulse)

- Extended verbosity (full set of extracted parameters)

- Raw data mode (plus extracted parameters)

Self-Test Internal pulse generator with programmable amplitude

Configuration - Remote via VME

- Local via JTAG connector

Addressing space 256 locations (0..FF)

Base address 00FF8000-00FFBF00 (32 locations)

Addressing mode A24/D16, A24/D32, A32/D16, A32/D32, AD64

Power requirements VME-32 +5V/ 4A,

VME-64 +5V / 2A, +3.3V/2A

2 General description

The AVM-16 / AVX-16 modules contain four quad-channel ADC blocks, a VME / VXS control

part and a clock and synchronization utility, see figure 1.

Figure 1:AVM-16 / AVX-16 design overview. Please note that the SYNCH section is meant

customizations. Only the external trigger input is present on all boards.

AMP+ADC

Feature

extraction

FPGA

AMP+ADC

Feature

extraction

FPGA

AMP+ADC

Feature

extraction

FPGA

AMP+ADC

Feature

extraction

FPGA

Control

FPGA

VXS

SYNCH

(ECL, PECL, LVDS

SIGNAL INPUTS (LEMO)

Clock

MUX

CLK

SYNC

TRG

PRE_TRG

CLK

SYNC

Clock, Synch, Trigger &

Config

uration

Data Local Bus

VME Bus

VME interface

Status

LED

AVM-16 / AVX-16

Each of the ADC channel is equipped with a symetrizing amplifier, anti-aliasing filter and an

individual 12-bit Analog-to-Digital converter running at 160 Msamples/s.

After conversion, the digital data is passed to 4 FPGA circuits providing buffers for data retention

and a feature extraction logic. One Spartan-3 FPGA from Xilinx is used for a block of four

channel keeping a history of 1024 samples for each channel in it’s internal registers. Feature

extraction algorithms are used for calculate important parameters of the input pulses, such as

amplitude, time, intergrals and many others, which allows for minimizing of the readout data

volume and thus increasing the readout speed. The user may still choose to read a full set of

samples, recorded in the buffer or read s ubset of those samples within specified time boundaries,

being in relation to the trigger.

After a trigger request from a Data acquisition system, the stored and/or extracted data is passed to

a control FPGA chip via four Data Local Busses and then transferred over a VME bus or a VXS

backplane P2P connection fabric.

In multichannel systems, where a common time base is required, a global clock and

synchronization signals are provided over a front panel connector or over a non-legacy user VME

connector pins. The clocking and synchronization circuitry allows for choosing of the clock

source.

3 Input circuitry

The input AC filter provides an effective cut-off for bacground low frequency noise and mains

pick-up. DC coupling is possible on demand. The symmetrizing amplifiers provide a differential

input for the ADC circuits, reducing PCB noise pickup. The anti-aliasing filter allows for precise

parametrization of input pulses as short as 10 ns FWHM. The anti-aliasing filter can be

customized or removed by the manufacturer or by an authorized person, see figure 2.

An on-board pulse generator provides test pulses for every channel.

V+

V-

Vcm

AD8132AR

R5 51

R7 51

510

100nF C2

C_fil

100nF

VCC

TEST PULSE

COMMON LEVEL

BNC

ADCp

ADCn

Figure 2: Input symetrizing amplifier and anti-aliasing filter (R5, R7, C2). The gain

resistors, the location of the test pulse and the values and locations of capacitors may

depend on AVM16 version or be customized.

4 Triggering

AVM16 / AVX16 can either be trigger internally or externally. The external trigger time is

distributed via a broadcast command. Trigger time is used to set time boundaries for scanning the

Dual-Ported RAM’s, given user defined trigger latency and trigger window, see figure 3.

The trigger source configuration is in register 0x100.

4.1 Internal trigger functionality

When the signal in one of the non inhibited channels overcomes the trigger level set in the register

0x110 with reference to the actual baseline, all non inhibited channels are read out. The trigger

condition is

ADC_VALUE > BASE_LINE + TRIGGER_LEVEL

and is checked at 80 MHz rate, each time for two samples sequentially. The trigger uncertainty is

thus +/- 1 sample, corresponding to a range of 12.5 ns.

4.2 External trigger functionality

All non inhibited channels are read out when a LVDS singal is feed into the TRG port on the front

panel.

4.3 Software trigger

All non inhibited channels are read out upon write on bit 2 of register 0x104

Figure 3: Data window for feature extraction

5 Technical description of AVM-16 / AVX-16

Figure 6. shows location of key connectors user may interface to

Figure 4: The AVM-16 / AVX-16 Printed circuit board

5.1 Technical description

AVM16/AVX16 works with a sampling frequency of 160 MHz. ADC chips are LTC2240 with 12

Bit resolution. The input circuit differential amplifier is AD8132. The coupling is capacitive, thus

the baseline is situated in the middle of the measurement range.

The logic is implemented on 4 SPARTAN-3 FPGAs, each one serving 4 ADCs, and one

VIRTEX-5 Control FPGA as interface between the 4 ADC FPGAs and the VME Bus. The

Control FPGA is VIRTEX-5 XC5VLX50T. The FPGAs serving the ADCs are SPARTAN-3

XC3S1000.

ADC

DPRAM

FIFO

4 x

XC3S1000

ADC

DPRAM

FIFO

4 x

XC3S1000

ADC

DPRAM

FIFO

4 x

XC3S1000

ADC

DPRAM

FIFO

4 x

XC3S1000

gateway

XC5VLX50T

Data Request

P2 VME BUS

P1 VME BUS

Data Bus

Figure 5: Chips diagram

5.2 FPGA logic

Data storage and the feature extraction are implemented in programmable logic circuits (FPGA).

Each of the FPGAs handles data from 4 ADC channels.

5.2.1 Window control

After detection of a trigger, the corresponding time stamp is sent to all ADC FPGAs. With this

time stamp the trigger window is determined and all data in the DPRAM within this window are

retrieved and analysed.

5.2.2 Feature Extraction

To maximize readout speed and minimize the amount of data, the AVM and AVX devices are

equipped with feature extraction algorithms, which instantly calculate important parameters of the

input signal. Raw data readout is still available for debugging purposes.

The data coming contiuously from ADC convertes are stored in ring buffers (Dual-Ported RAM),

keeping a record of the last 1024 samples from each channel. Samples are tagged with an internal

time of the ADC module, which is synchronized to a global clock by signals coming via either

external connectors on each device or by a signal distributed on dedicated user lines of the VME

bus (present on request).

Data from within the boundaries of the window control are transferred to the Waveform Feature

Extraction section and (if raw data are requested) also to readout FIFOs. A list of extracted

parameters is given in figure 5.

Pulse integrals can be calculated within fixed time windows (absolute times relative to the trigger)

or in floating windows (relative to the pulse leading edge and within a specified number of

samples). Data is validated by comparing integrals of signals with thresholds, individual for each

channel.

12-BIT

ADC

12-BIT

ADC

12-BIT

ADC

12-BIT

ADC

LOCAL

BUS

(data+

trigger+

timing)

TRIGGER BUS

(VXS Version)

LOCAL BUS INTERFACE

DPRAM

WINDOW

CONTROL

FIFO

WAVEFORM

ANALYSIS

PEDESTAL

EXTRACTION

NOISE PP

CONTROL

DPRAM

WINDOW

CONTROL

FIFO

WAVEFORM

ANALYSIS

PEDESTAL

EXTRACTION

NOISE PP

DPRAM

WINDOW

CONTROL

FIFO

WAVEFORM

ANALYSIS

PEDESTAL

EXTRACTION

NOISE PP

DPRAM

WINDOW

CONTROL

FIFO

WAVEFORM

FEATURE

EXTRACTION

PEDESTAL

EXTRACTION

NOISE PP

TRIGGER

FEATURE

EXTRACTION

TRIGGER

FEATURE

EXTRACTION

TRIGGER

FEATURE

EXTRACTION

TRIGGER

FEATURE

EXTRACTION

Figure 6: Feature extraction FPGA

Extracted parameters fill the remaining part of the readout FIFOs and in case of valid data, readout

request signals are issued.

A Trigger Feature Extraction algorithm delivers instant integrals and times for trigger purposes. It

is only available in AVX-16 version, prepared for the VXS standard. Extracted parameters are

transferred to a VXS data processor for evaluation of advanced trigger decisions.

The feature extraction and data transfers can ether be triggered internally or by a dedicated pre-

trigger signal delivered from a trigger system via a dedicated front panel connector.

P0 – window beginning

Pi – time for the first non-zero value

Pz – pulse start time calculated from slope crossing the pedestal value

Pa – signal amplitude

Pq – signal integral (charge) *

PPi – minimum value before pileup

PPz – pileup pulse start time calculated from slope crossing the momentary pedestal value Ppi

PPa – pileup pulse amplitude

Pe – pileup integral, starting from PPi

* If pileup occurs, the integral Pq is only calculated untill PPi time

5.3 VME addressing

AVM16/AVX16 reacts to

A32/D32 write and read accesses with Address Modifiers (AM)

0x09/0x0D, to A32/D32 Block Transfer (BLT) with AM 0x0B/0x0F and to A32/D64

Block Transfer (MBLT) with AM 0x08/0x0C. The base address

is set by means of a 6 fold

DIP Switch SW1 according to Table 1

trigger

window

time

time=0

P0 Pi Pz PPa PPi PPz PPq Pe

Figure

Feature extraction parameters

A switch in the „on“ position means that the corresponding address bit should be 0. Address bits

25:11 must always be 0. If for example only switch 1 is „off“, the address range is 0x04000000 to

0x040007FC.

5.4 Software registers

There are 4 groups of address registers:

• The first contains only registers for the control FPGA VIRTEX-5, i.e. the local bus is not

used

• The second contains registers that are also passed through the local bus to all 4 FPGAs

serving the ADCs.

• The third contains registers that contain values for each one of the 16 channels and

address the corresponding ADC FPGA.

• The range of the fourth group is foreseen for access to the readout data in single mor in

block transfer mode.

The meaning and functions of the internal registers is listed in paragraphs below.

5.4.1 Overview of registers

Offset Name Write Read

0x000 ident Version

0x004 serial serial number, 32 Bit

0x008 com_ids communication identifier

0x00C reserved

0x010 state Status Register

0x014 dlength Data Length for

Blocktransfer as Byte

0x018 reserved

0x01C tp_dac Level of test pulse

(DAC)

0x020 ofset_dac[4] baseline offset for all

ADC inputs

SW1 Bit Base Address

6 31 0x80000000

5 30 0x40000000

4 29 0x20000000

3 28 0x10000000

2 27 0x08000000

1 26 0x04000000

Table 1: Base Address Settings

0x030 jtag_csr JTAG Control JTAG Status

0x034 jtag_data JTAG runtest JTAG Data

reserved

0x100 cr Control/Mode Register

0x104 act action like Master Reset

0x108 cha_inh disable single channels, 16 Bit

0x10C cha_raw set channel to raw mode, 16 Bit

0x110 trg_level local trigger level, 12 Bit

0x114 anal_ctrl signal analyzing control

0x118 iw_start start of integral window, 10 Bit

0x11C iw_length length of integral window, 10 Bit

0x120 sw_start start of pulse search window, 10 Bit signed

0x124 sw_length length of search window, 9 Bit

0x128 sw_intlength length of integral of the signal analyzing

0x12C aclk_shift step phase shift factor status

0x130-

0x13C lb_test[4] rw test register for the local bus (to 4

SPARTAN's)

reserved

0x200-

0x23C base_line[16] auto base line 12 bit

0x240-

0x27C noise_level[16] peak to peak noise

level, 5 Bit

0x280-

0x2BC q_threshold[16] Q-Threshold for

transmitting the

integral data of the

integral window

reserved

0x400-

0x7FC data_range data, single or block

transfer

5.4.2 First group of registers (control FPGA)

ident 0x000 - Board Id. Contains firmware version number.

Bit Value Meaning

7:0 0x70 AVM16 Module Id

15:8 0x01 Firmware Version (here 0.1)

31:16 0 Reserved

serial 0x004 - User serial number. This number can be programmed by the user and is

saved in the FPGA PROMs. Read and write access possible.

com_ids 0x008 - In this register there are three identifiers for communication.

Bit Meaning

2:0 Interrupt Request Level (1 to 6) an interrupt is issued

if data are available. A 0 disables the interrupt

7:3 Null

15:8 Interrupt Vector, it is transmitted on Interrupt

Acknowledge in order to identify the interrupt

19:16 Data recognition. These 4 bits are written in bit 31:28

of data, so that it is possible to map data to a

specific module (see data format)

31:20 Null

state 0x010 - General Status Register

Bit Name Meaning

0 DVAL Data valid: data are ready in VIRTEX-5. If this

bit is set an interrupt is triggered in case the

programmed Interrupt Level is not zero. Only

when all data have been read, more data (that

may have been triggered meanwhile) from the ADC

FPGAs can be loaded. The number of bytes is in

dlength register.

1 DAVAL Data available, compared to the DVAL bit, this

bit is already set when the first word is

present in a FIFO. DVAL is only set when all

data were written in the FIFOs and thus the

dlength register is valid.

2 ROBUSY This bit is set when a trigger is fired,

blocking further triggers. It is only reset when

all data in the FIFOs are read out. As long as

old data are present in a FIFO, this bit remains

set. This means that the readout data still

cannot be transmitted from the ADC Spartan FIFOs

to the VIRTEX-5 FIFOs.

3Null

7:4 LTSRC Level Trigger Source, indicates which ADC

channel fired the last level trigger.

31:8 Null

dlength 0x014 - This register indicates how many bytes are present in the FIFOs (in total).

For each ADC SPARTAN-3 is a FIFO available. By readout FIFO 0 (channel 0 to

3) has the higher priority. A FIFO can store 32 kB (8k values).

jtag_csr 0x030 - JTAG control/status Register

Bit Name Write Read

0TDI Data Input to the first JTAG device

1TMS Mode Select

2TCK JTAG Clock, must be zero when AUTO_CLK is used

3TDO Data Output of the last JTAG

device

4RTEST JTAG runtest is running

7:5

8ENABLE drives signal to the JTAG Connector, the connector

must be free

9AUTO_CLK one clock cycle is generated, rising and falling

edge

With bit 8 set TDI, TMS and TCK in JTAG connector are driven from FPGA.

Otherwise these signals are high impedance, in order for an external

programming tool to be able to connect. By means of this register it is possible to

enable a program to gain full control over the JTAG chain.

jtag_data 0x034 - This register has two functions:

a) With the read function the user gets the shift register for TDO. In orden not to

have to read jtag_csr after each output, the TDO bit is moved to a write

read out in chain.

b) With the write function a number of TCK Clocks with TMS=0 is returned.

The value is used in svf Files as "RUNTEST n TCK". In this way it is possible

to insert pauses after commands.

tp_dac 0x01C - With bit 3 in “act” register it is possible to generate a test pulse through a

DAC. The height of the test pulse is set by means of this td_dac register. Since the

DAC has 8 bits, only bits 11:4 are relevant.

offset_dac[4] 0x020 - (Not in all AVM16 version implemented). When no signal is connected,

the ADC mean output value is about 0x800, i.e. a signal in one polarity can use

only half of the measurement range. By means of an offset value for a DAC, it is

possible to reduce this ADC mean value until zero. For this purpose there are 4

DACs with 12 bit each for 4 channels. The DAC (AD5324) has the following

Bit Name Function (WO)

11-0 DATA 12 bit fffset, one unit corresponds to about one

ADC unit, i.e. when the value here is increased

by 0x100, the ADC mean value when no signal is

present should decrease more or less by the same

value.

12 nLDAC If this bit is 0, all 4 channels are updated.

Otherwise, the data value is only temporarily

saved with no effect. This bit is always set to 0

internally.

TDO

TCK shift

jtag_data

13 nPD "not power down", this bit is set internally to 1

15-14 A1/A0 Channel number 0 to 3 for ofs_dac[0], 4 to 7 for

ofs_dac[1] and so on...

5.4.3 Registers that are sent to all ADC FPGAs too.

The readback of these registers occurs from a shadow register in VIRTEX-5.

cr 0x100 - Control/Mode Register

Bit Name Function

0 ENA General enable. If this bit is not set, AVM16 is

in its groud state. All data are deleted.

1 EXTRIG Enables the trigger input from the front

connector (LVDS). The trigger time is determined

in VIRTEX-5 and sent to all ADC FPGAs, in order

to start the analysis. The next trigger is then

only possible when all data have been transmitted

to VIRTEX-5.

2 LEVTRIG With this bit a trigger is fired when the value

of an ADC input (that is not inhibited by cha_inh

) overcomes the value in trig_level register. The

corresponding ADC FPGA sends the trigger time to

VIRTEX-5 which forwards it to all ADC FPGAs in

order to start the read out.

3 VERBOSE When this bit is set, the pairs of values for

minima and maxima are transmitted (if RAW Mode is

not set).

4 ADCPOL The polarity of the ADC data can be changed here.

By default are ADC data inverted, to analyze

negative pulses. When this bit is set, ADC data

are not inverted, to analyze positive pulses.

Also the RAW data are invereted.

5 SGRD Single Gradient. In the computation of the rise

time only two points with ∆x=1 are considered.

Normally ∆x can also be 2 or 4, if the

corresponding y values lie between ¼ and ¾ of the

maximal value.

6 TP_ON With this bit the test signal can be statically

enabled.

7 PW_ON With this bit, the analog ADC power supply can be

statically enabled. Otherwise, it is only enabled

when bit 0 (ENA) is set.

act 0x104 - Action register

Bit Name Write/single shot

0 MRST Master Reset

1 SRST Synchron Reset for all timers, so that all FPGAs

have the same time reference.

2 TRIGGER Software Trigger

3 TPULSE Generates a test pulse of 25 ns

cha_inh 0x108 - The corresponding channel to each bit (0 bis 15) which is set is inhibited.

cha_raw 0x10C - If the corresponding channel to each bit is set all ADC data that are

within WINDOW are transmitted and afterward all available analysis data

(including start, min and max pairs).

trig_level 0x110 - This value is the trigger level when bit 2 in cr register is set. Internally,

the actual baseline value is added to this value.

anal_ctrl 0x114 - Here it is possible to parametrize the pulse analysis:

Bit Default Function

3..0 8 Integral based detection:

this value times 4 indicates how high should

the integral be in order for a pulse to be

detected. In case of pile up the integral is

computed on the basis of the last minimum

value.

11..8 1 Distance from another maximum:

number of clock units after the last maximum

(start time point) from where a new pulse (even

a pile up) can be detected.

The default values are restored by reset or by writing 0. Zero as parameter is not

valid.

iw_start 0x118 - Begin of the supplementary integral window in the search-main window.

The time unit is the ADC sample rate (6,25 ns). The value must be bigger or equal

4, in order for the 4 values leading the window to be present for calculating the

pedestal.

iw_length 0x11C - Length of the integral window in units of the ADC clock. The end of the

integral windows plus 4 should not overcome the end of the main window. The

time unit is the ADC sample rate (6,25 ns).

sw_start 0x120 - (Trigger latency) Begin of the time window for the trigger time search

range. The value is subtracted from the trigger time and thus defines the beginning

of the time window. The range is -512 to 511 times 12,5 ns (±6,4 µs). A negative

value means trigger time before window.

sw_length 0x124 - Length of the time window. The time corresponds to the value plus 1

times 12,5 ns. The maximum value is 511, i.e. 6,4 µs.

Summary of constraints to be respected:

IW_START >= 4

IW_START + IW_LENGTH + 4 <= 2 * SW_LENGTH;

sw_intlength 0x128 - Integral length of pulse integrals in ADC sample rate units (6,25 ns). After

a reset the value is set to maximum (0x03FF). By default (i.e. with the maximum

value) the pulse integral is computed over the total pulse length. In case of pile

up, each pulse integration starts from the minimum before the peak and ends in the

minimum between the peaks, where the integral for next peak starts, or by

reaching the baseline level for the last peak. With the value in this register it is

possible to end the integration earlier when the number of bins reaches the value.

aclk_shift 0x12C - The ADC clock must have a fixed phase to the FPGA clock, in order to

correctly transmit ADC data. For test purposes it is possible to change the phase,

e.g. in order to determine whether the default phase is set correctly. The default

phase is 0.

Bit ADC Write Read

3..0

7..4

11..8

15..12

Execute a step Step executed

1,5,9,13 dto. 0 for positive

step and 1 for

negative step

Upper or lower limit

reached, overflow

2,6,10,14 dto. Reset number of

steps to 0 0

160 steps in one or the other direction correspond to ±180°.

lb_test[4] 0x130 to 0x13C - Every one of the 4 SPARTAN-3 FPGAs has a data test register,

for testing the local data bus. These registers should be writable with any 16 bit

value and it should be possible to read this value back.

5.4.4 Registers that are individually available for every channel.

base_line[16] 0x200 to 0x23C - In the FPGA the ADC mean value for each channel is

computed continuously. ADC input test pulses are excluded.

noise_level[16] 0x240 to 0x27C - In the FPGA the noise amplitude is computed for each

channel, by subtracting the minimum value from the maximum value.

Since there is no expected big noise level, these registers have a 5 bit

width (max. 31 noise bins). By readout all maxima and minima are reset

to the present value. The FPGA logic is so designed that noise is not

computed for a given time before and after an input pulse.

q_threshold[16] 0x280 to 0x2BC - The computed data from the integral window are only

delivered if the corresponding integral is higher than the value of this

possible.

5.4.5 Registers for data readout in single or block transfer mode.

data_range 0x400 to 0x7FC - ADC/QDC data stored in VIRTEX-5 FIFO can be read out

through this address, independently from which address in this range is read, so

that also an incremental block transfer is possible. Single transfers as well as block

transfers BLT and MBLT are allowed.

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Wiener AVM16 User manual

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