Casio FX9860G User manual

fx-9860G Series

Software Version 1.10

User’s Guide

E

CASIO Worldwide Education Website

http://edu.casio.com

CASIO EDUCATIONAL FORUM

http://edu.casio.com/forum/

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TURNING POWER ON AND OFF

USING MODES

BASIC CALCULATIONS

REPLAY FEATURE

FRACTION CALCULATIONS

EXPONENTS

ONBOARD FUNCTION MANUAL

GRAPH FUNCTIONS

DUAL GRAPH

DYNAMIC GRAPH

TABLE FUNCTION

Quick-Start

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Quick-Start

Welcome to the world of graphing calculators.

Quick-Start is not a complete tutorial, but it takes you through many of the most

common functions, from turning the power on, and on to graphing complex equations.

When you’re done, you’ll have mastered the basic operation of this calculator and will

be ready to proceed with the rest of this user’s guide to learn the entire spectrum of

functions available.

Each step of the examples in Quick-Start is shown graphically to help you follow

along quickly and easily. When you need to enter the number 57, for example, we’ve

indicated it as follows:

Press

fh .

Whenever necessary, we’ve included samples of what your screen should look like.

If you ﬁ nd that your screen doesn’t match the sample, you can restart from the

beginning by pressing the “All Clear” button

o

.

TURNING POWER ON AND OFF

To turn power on, press

o

.

To turn power off, press

!

o

OFF

.

Calculator power turns off automatically if you do not perform any operation within

the Auto Power Off trigger time you specify. You can specify either 10 minutes or 60

minutes as the trigger time.

USING MODES

This calculator makes it easy to perform a wide range of calculations by simply

selecting the appropriate mode. Before getting into actual calculations and operation

examples, let’s take a look at how to navigate around the modes.

To select the RUN

•

MAT mode

1. Press m to display the Main Menu.

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2. Use defc to highlight RUN

•

MAT

and then press

w .

This is the initial screen of the RUN

•

MAT mode,

where you can perform manual calculations, matrix

calculations, and run programs.

BASIC CALCULATIONS

With manual calculations, you input formulas from left to right, just as they are written

on paper. With formulas that include mixed arithmetic operators and parentheses, the

calculator automatically applies true algebraic logic to calculate the result.

Example: 15 × 3 + 61

1. Press

o to clear the calculator.

2. Press

bf*d+gb w .

Parentheses Calculations

Example: 15 × (3 + 61)

1. Press

bf*(d

+gb) w .

Built-In Functions

This calculator includes a number of built-in scientiﬁ c functions, including trigonometric

and logarithmic functions.

Example: 25 × sin 45˚

Important!

Be sure that you specify Deg (degrees) as the angle unit before you try this

example.

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1. Press

!m to display the Setup screen.

2. Press

cccccc 1 (Deg)

to specify degrees as the angle unit.

3. Press

J to clear the menu.

4. Press

o to clear the unit.

5. Press

cf* s ef w .

REPLAY FEATURE

With the replay feature, simply press d or e to recall the last calculation that

was performed so you can make changes or re-execute it as it is.

Example: To change the calculation in the last example from (25 × sin 45˚) to

(25 × sin 55˚)

1. Press d to display the last calculation.

2. Press

d to move the cursor ( I ) to the right side of 4.

3. Press

D to delete 4.

4. Press

f .

5. Press

w to execute the calculation again.

SET UPSET UP

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FRACTION CALCULATIONS

You can use the $ key to input fractions into calculations. The symbol “ { ” is used

to separate the various parts of a fraction.

Example:

31

/

16

+

37

/

9

1. Press

o .

2. Press db $ bg+

dh $ j w .

Indicates

871

/

144

Converting an Improper Fraction to a Mixed Fraction

While an improper fraction is shown on the display, press

! M to convert it to a

mixed fraction.

Press

! M again to convert back to an improper fraction.

Converting a Fraction to Its Decimal Equivalent

While a fraction is shown on the display, press M to convert it to its decimal

equivalent.

Press

M again to convert back to a fraction.

<<

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EXPONENTS

Example: 1250 × 2.06

5

1. Press

o .

2. Press

bcfa*c.ag .

3. Press

M and the ^ indicator appears on the display.

4. Press

f . The ^5 on the display indicates that 5 is an exponent.

5. Press

w .

ONBOARD FUNCTION MANUAL

You can use the catalog function to display the command onboard function manual.

The onboard function manual includes an explanation of the command, syntax

information, one or more examples of how to use the command, and the function key

sequence.

Example: To display onboard function manual information for the nCr command.

1. Press

o.

2. Press

!e(CATALOG).

3. Press

I(C) c.

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4. Press 5(HELP).

Onboard function manual

GRAPH FUNCTIONS

The graphing capabilities of this calculator makes it possible to draw complex graphs

using either rectangular coordinates (horizontal axis: x ; vertical axis: y ) or polar

coordinates (angle:

θ

; distance from origin: r ).

All of the following graphing examples are performed starting from the calculator setup

in effect immediately following a reset operation.

Example 1: To graph Y = X(X + 1)(X – 2)

1. Press

m .

2. Use

defc to highlight GRAPH ,

and then press

w .

3. Input the formula.

v ( v +b)

( v -c) w

4. Press

6 (DRAW) or w to draw the graph.

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Example 2: To determine the roots of Y = X(X + 1)(X – 2)

1. Press

!5 (G-SLV).

2. Press 1 (ROOT).

Press

e for other roots.

Example 3: Determine the area bounded by the origin and the X = –1 root obtained for

Y = X(X + 1)(X – 2)

1. Press !5 (G-SLV)6 (g ).

2. Press 3 ( ∫ dx ).

3. Use d to move the pointer to the location where

X = –1, and then press

w . Next, use e to

move the pointer to the location where X = 0, and

then press

w to input the integration range,

which becomes shaded on the display.

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DUAL GRAPH

With this function you can split the display between two areas and display two graph

windows.

Example: To draw the following two graphs and determine the points of intersection

Y1 = X(X + 1)(X – 2)

Y2 = X + 1.2

1. Press

! m cc 1 (G+G) to

specify “G+G” for the Dual Screen setting.

2. Press

J , and then input the two functions.

v ( v +b)

( v -c) w

v +b.c w

3. Press

6 (DRAW) or w to draw the graphs.

Box Zoom

Use the Box Zoom function to specify areas of a graph for enlargement.

1. Press

!2 (ZOOM) 1 (BOX).

2. Use

d e f c to move the pointer to

one corner of the area you want to specify and then

press

w .

SET UPSET UP

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3. Use d e f c to move the pointer

again. As you do, a box appears on the display.

Move the pointer so the box encloses the area you

want to enlarge.

4. Press

w , and the enlarged area appears in the

inactive (right side) screen.

DYNAMIC GRAPH

Dynamic Graph lets you see how the shape of a graph is affected as the value

assigned to one of the coefﬁ cients of its function changes.

Example: To draw graphs as the value of coefﬁ cient A in the following function

changes from 1 to 3

Y = AX

2

1. Press

m .

2. Use

d e f c to highlight DYNA ,

and then press

w .

3. Input the formula.

a

v

A

vxw

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4. Press 4 (VAR) b w to assign an initial

value of 1 to coefﬁ cient A.

5. Press 2 (SET) b w d w b w

to specify the range and increment of change in

coefﬁ cient A.

6. Press

J .

7. Press

6 (DYNA) to start Dynamic Graph drawing.

The graphs are drawn 10 times.

• To interrupt an ongoing Dynamic Graph drawing

operation, press

o .

↓

↓ ↑

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TABLE FUNCTION

The Table Function makes it possible to generate a table of solutions as different

values are assigned to the variables of a function.

Example: To create a number table for the following function

Y = X (X+1) (X–2)

1. Press

m .

2. Use

defc to highlight TABLE , and

then press

w .

3. Input the formula.

v ( v +b)

( v -c) w

4. Press

6 (TABL) to generate the number table.

To learn all about the many powerful features of this calculator, read on and explore!

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Precautions when Using this Product

A progress bar and/or a busy indicator appear on the display whenever the calculator is

performing a calculation, writing to memory (including Flash memory), or reading from

memory (including Flash memory).

Busy indicator

Progress bar

Never press the P button or remove the batteries from the calculator when the progress bar

or busy indicator is on the display. Doing so can cause memory contents to be lost and can

cause malfunction of the calculator.

This calculator is equipped with Flash memory for data storage. It is recommended that you

always backup your data to Flash memory. For details about the backup procedure, see

“12-7 MEMORY Mode” in the User’s Guide.

You can also transfer data to a computer using the Program-Link software (FA-124) that

comes bundled with the calculator. The Program-Link software can also be used to backup

data to a computer.

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• The contents of this user’s guide are subject to change without notice.

• No part of this user’s guide may be reproduced in any form without the express written

consent of the manufacturer.

• The options described in Chapter 12 of this user’s guide may not be available in certain

geographic areas. For full details on availability in your area, contact your nearest CASIO

dealer or distributor.

• Be sure to keep all user documentation handy for future reference.

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Contents

Getting Acquainted — Read This First!

Chapter 1 Basic Operation

1-1 Keys .................................................................................................. 1-1-1

1-2 Display .............................................................................................. 1-2-1

1-3 Inputting and Editing Calculations .................................................... 1-3-1

1-4 Option (OPTN) Menu ........................................................................ 1-4-1

1-5 Variable Data (VARS) Menu ............................................................. 1-5-1

1-6 Program (PRGM) Menu ................................................................... 1-6-1

1-7 Syntax Help ...................................................................................... 1-7-1

1-8 Using the Setup Screen .................................................................... 1-8-1

1-9 Using Screen Capture ...................................................................... 1-9-1

1-10 When you keep having problems… ................................................ 1-10-1

Chapter 2 Manual Calculations

2-1 Basic Calculations ............................................................................ 2-1-1

2-2 Special Functions ............................................................................. 2-2-1

2-3 Specifying the Angle Unit and Display Format .................................. 2-3-1

2-4 Function Calculations ....................................................................... 2-4-1

2-5 Numerical Calculations ..................................................................... 2-5-1

2-6 Complex Number Calculations ......................................................... 2-6-1

2-7 Binary, Octal, Decimal, and Hexadecimal Calculations

with Integers ..................................................................................... 2-7-1

2-8 Matrix Calculations ........................................................................... 2-8-1

Chapter 3 List Function

3-1 Inputting and Editing a List ............................................................... 3-1-1

3-2 Manipulating List Data ...................................................................... 3-2-1

3-3 Arithmetic Calculations Using Lists ................................................... 3-3-1

3-4 Switching Between List Files ............................................................ 3-4-1

Chapter 4 Equation Calculations

4-1 Simultaneous Linear Equations ........................................................ 4-1-1

4-2 Quadratic and Cubic Equations ........................................................ 4-2-1

4-3 Solve Calculations ............................................................................ 4-3-1

4-4 What to Do When an Error Occurs ................................................... 4-4-1

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Chapter 5 Graphing

5-1 Sample Graphs ................................................................................. 5-1-1

5-2 Controlling What Appears on a Graph Screen .................................. 5-2-1

5-3 Drawing a Graph ............................................................................... 5-3-1

5-4 Storing a Graph in Picture Memory .................................................. 5-4-1

5-5 Drawing Two Graphs on the Same Screen ....................................... 5-5-1

5-6 Manual Graphing .............................................................................. 5-6-1

5-7 Using Tables ...................................................................................... 5-7-1

5-8 Dynamic Graphing ............................................................................ 5-8-1

5-9 Graphing a Recursion Formula ......................................................... 5-9-1

5-10 Changing the Appearance of a Graph ............................................ 5-10-1

5-11 Function Analysis ............................................................................ 5-11-1

Chapter 6 Statistical Graphs and Calculations

6-1 Before Performing Statistical Calculations ........................................ 6-1-1

6-2 Calculating and Graphing Single-Variable Statistical Data ............... 6-2-1

6-3 Calculating and Graphing Paired-Variable Statistical Data ............... 6-3-1

6-4 Performing Statistical Calculations.................................................... 6-4-1

6-5 Tests.................................................................................................. 6-5-1

6-6 Conﬁ dence Interval ........................................................................... 6-6-1

6-7 Distribution ........................................................................................ 6-7-1

Chapter 7 Financial Calculation (TVM)

7-1 Before Performing Financial Calculations ......................................... 7-1-1

7-2 Simple Interest .................................................................................. 7-2-1

7-3 Compound Interest ........................................................................... 7-3-1

7-4 Cash Flow (Investment Appraisal) .................................................... 7-4-1

7-5 Amortization ...................................................................................... 7-5-1

7-6 Interest Rate Conversion .................................................................. 7-6-1

7-7 Cost, Selling Price, Margin................................................................ 7-7-1

7-8 Day/Date Calculations ...................................................................... 7-8-1

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Contents

Chapter 8 Programming

8-1 Basic Programming Steps ................................................................ 8-1-1

8-2 PRGM Mode Function Keys.............................................................. 8-2-1

8-3 Editing Program Contents ................................................................. 8-3-1

8-4 File Management .............................................................................. 8-4-1

8-5 Command Reference ........................................................................ 8-5-1

8-6 Using Calculator Functions in Programs ........................................... 8-6-1

8-7 PRGM Mode Command List ............................................................. 8-7-1

8-8 Program Library ................................................................................ 8-8-1

Chapter 9 Spreadsheet

9-1 Spreadsheet Overview ...................................................................... 9-1-1

9-2 File Operations and Re-calculation ................................................... 9-2-1

9-3 Basic Spreadsheet Screen Operations ............................................. 9-3-1

9-4 Inputting and Editing Cell Data ......................................................... 9-4-1

9-5 S

•

S HT Mode Commands ................................................................ 9-5-1

9-6 Statistical Graphs .............................................................................. 9-6-1

9-7 Using the CALC Function ................................................................. 9-7-1

9-8 Using Memory in the S

•

S HT Mode ................................................. 9-8-1

Chapter 10 eActivity

10-1 eActivity Overview ........................................................................ 10-1-1

10-2 Working with eActivity Files .......................................................... 10-2-1

10-3 Inputting and Editing eActivity File Data ....................................... 10-3-1

10-4 Using Matrix Editor and List Editor ............................................... 10-4-1

10-5 eActivity File Memory Usage Screen ............................................ 10-5-1

10-6 eActivity Guide .............................................................................. 10-6-1

Chapter 11 System Settings Menu

11-1 Using the System Settings Menu ................................................ 11-1-1

11-2 System Settings ............................................................................ 11-2-1

11-3 Version List ................................................................................... 11-3-1

11-4 Reset ............................................................................................ 11-4-1

Chapter 12 Data Communications

12-1 Connecting Two Units ................................................................... 12-1-1

12-2 Connecting the Unit to a Personal Computer ............................... 12-2-1

12-3 Performing a Data Communication Operation .............................. 12-3-1

12-4 Data Communications Precautions .............................................. 12-4-1

12-5 Image Transfer .............................................................................. 12-5-1

12-6 Add-ins ......................................................................................... 12-6-1

12-7 MEMORY Mode ............................................................................ 12-7-1

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Contents

Appendix

1 Error Message Table ........................................................................... α -1-1

2 Input Ranges .......................................................................................

α -2-1

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Getting Acquainted

— Read This First!

About this User’s Guide

u ! x (' )

The above indicates you should press ! and then x , which will input a ' symbol. All

multiple-key input operations are indicated like this. Key cap markings are shown, followed

by the input character or command in parentheses.

u m EQUA

This indicates you should ﬁ rst press m , use the cursor keys (f , c , d , e ) to select

the EQUA mode, and then press w . Operations you need to perform to enter a mode from

the Main Menu are indicated like this.

u Function Keys and Menus

• Many of the operations performed by this calculator can be executed by pressing function

keys 1 through 6 . The operation assigned to each function key changes according to

the mode the calculator is in, and current operation assignments are indicated by function

menus that appear at the bottom of the display.

• This user’s guide shows the current operation assigned to a function key in parentheses

following the key cap for that key. 1 (Comp), for example, indicates that pressing 1

selects {Comp}, which is also indicated in the function menu.

• When (g ) is indicated in the function menu for key 6 , it means that pressing 6 displays

the next page or previous page of menu options.

u Menu Titles

• Menu titles in this user’s guide include the key operation required to display the menu

being explained. The key operation for a menu that is displayed by pressing K and then

{MAT} would be shown as: [OPTN] - [MAT] .

• 6 (g ) key operations to change to another menu page are not shown in menu title key

operations.

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