Dell PowerSwitch S4820T User guide

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Dell Conguration Guide for the S4820T System
9.11(2.0P1)
Notes, cautions, and warnings
NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your product.
CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the problem.
WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.
Copyright © 2017 Dell Inc. or its subsidiaries. All rights reserved. Dell, EMC, and other trademarks are trademarks of Dell Inc. or its subsidiaries. Other
trademarks may be trademarks of their respective owners.
2017 - 05
Rev. A00
Contents
1 About this Guide...........................................................................................................................................34
Audience............................................................................................................................................................................34
Conventions......................................................................................................................................................................34
Related Documents......................................................................................................................................................... 34
2 Conguration Fundamentals........................................................................................................................ 35
Accessing the Command Line........................................................................................................................................35
CLI Modes.........................................................................................................................................................................35
Navigating CLI Modes............................................................................................................................................... 37
The do Command............................................................................................................................................................ 40
Undoing Commands........................................................................................................................................................ 40
Obtaining Help...................................................................................................................................................................41
Entering and Editing Commands.................................................................................................................................... 41
Command History............................................................................................................................................................ 42
Filtering show Command Outputs.................................................................................................................................42
Example of the grep Keyword.................................................................................................................................. 42
Multiple Users in Conguration Mode...........................................................................................................................43
3 Getting Started............................................................................................................................................44
Console Access................................................................................................................................................................45
Serial Console.............................................................................................................................................................45
Accessing the CLI Interface and Running Scripts Using SSH....................................................................................46
Entering CLI commands Using an SSH Connection..............................................................................................46
Executing Local CLI Scripts Using an SSH Connection........................................................................................46
Default Conguration.......................................................................................................................................................47
Conguring a Host Name................................................................................................................................................47
Accessing the System Remotely....................................................................................................................................47
Accessing the System Remotely..............................................................................................................................47
Congure the Management Port IP Address......................................................................................................... 47
Congure a Management Route..............................................................................................................................48
Conguring a Username and Password..................................................................................................................48
Conguring the Enable Password..................................................................................................................................48
Conguration File Management.....................................................................................................................................49
Copy Files to and from the System......................................................................................................................... 49
Mounting an NFS File System..................................................................................................................................50
Save the Running-Conguration.............................................................................................................................. 51
Congure the Overload Bit for a Startup Scenario............................................................................................... 52
Viewing Files...............................................................................................................................................................52
Managing the File System.............................................................................................................................................. 53
Enabling Software Features on Devices Using a Command Option..........................................................................53
View Command History.................................................................................................................................................. 54
Upgrading Dell Networking OS...................................................................................................................................... 54
Contents
3
Using HTTP for File Transfers........................................................................................................................................ 54
Verify Software Images Before Installation...................................................................................................................55
4 Management................................................................................................................................................57
Conguring Privilege Levels............................................................................................................................................57
Creating a Custom Privilege Level...........................................................................................................................58
Removing a Command from EXEC Mode.............................................................................................................. 58
Moving a Command from EXEC Privilege Mode to EXEC Mode........................................................................58
Allowing Access to CONFIGURATION Mode Commands....................................................................................58
Allowing Access to Dierent Modes........................................................................................................................58
Applying a Privilege Level to a Username...............................................................................................................60
Applying a Privilege Level to a Terminal Line.......................................................................................................... 60
Conguring Logging........................................................................................................................................................ 60
Audit and Security Logs.............................................................................................................................................61
Conguring Logging Format ...................................................................................................................................63
Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration..................................................................................63
Setting Up a Secure Connection to a Syslog Server.............................................................................................64
Log Messages in the Internal Buer..............................................................................................................................65
Conguration Task List for System Log Management..........................................................................................65
Disabling System Logging...............................................................................................................................................65
Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server............................................................................................................65
Conguring a UNIX System as a Syslog Server.....................................................................................................66
Track Login Activity......................................................................................................................................................... 66
Restrictions for Tracking Login Activity.................................................................................................................. 66
Conguring Login Activity Tracking.........................................................................................................................66
Display Login Statistics..............................................................................................................................................67
Limit Concurrent Login Sessions....................................................................................................................................68
Restrictions for Limiting the Number of Concurrent Sessions............................................................................ 68
Conguring Concurrent Session Limit.....................................................................................................................68
Enabling the System to Clear Existing Sessions.................................................................................................... 69
Enabling Secured CLI Mode........................................................................................................................................... 70
Changing System Logging Settings...............................................................................................................................70
Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration.........................................................................................71
Conguring a UNIX Logging Facility Level.....................................................................................................................71
Synchronizing Log Messages......................................................................................................................................... 72
Enabling Timestamp on Syslog Messages.................................................................................................................... 73
File Transfer Services.......................................................................................................................................................73
Conguration Task List for File Transfer Services.................................................................................................. 74
Enabling the FTP Server........................................................................................................................................... 74
Conguring FTP Server Parameters........................................................................................................................74
Conguring FTP Client Parameters......................................................................................................................... 75
Terminal Lines................................................................................................................................................................... 75
Denying and Permitting Access to a Terminal Line................................................................................................75
Conguring Login Authentication for Terminal Lines.............................................................................................76
Setting Timeout for EXEC Privilege Mode....................................................................................................................77
Using Telnet to get to Another Network Device..........................................................................................................78
4
Contents
Lock CONFIGURATION Mode....................................................................................................................................... 78
Viewing the Conguration Lock Status...................................................................................................................78
Recovering from a Forgotten Password....................................................................................................................... 79
Recovering from a Forgotten Enable Password.................................................................................................... 80
Recovering from a Failed Start....................................................................................................................................... 81
Restoring the Factory Default Settings......................................................................................................................... 81
Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................ 81
Restoring Factory Default Environment Variables................................................................................................. 82
5 802.1X..........................................................................................................................................................84
Port-Authentication Process..........................................................................................................................................86
EAP over RADIUS......................................................................................................................................................86
Conguring 802.1X........................................................................................................................................................... 87
Related Conguration Tasks..................................................................................................................................... 87
Important Points to Remember......................................................................................................................................87
Enabling 802.1X................................................................................................................................................................ 88
Conguring MAC addresses for a do1x Prole.............................................................................................................89
Conguring Request Identity Re-Transmissions...........................................................................................................90
Conguring a Quiet Period after a Failed Authentication..................................................................................... 90
Forcibly Authorizing or Unauthorizing a Port................................................................................................................91
Re-Authenticating a Port................................................................................................................................................92
Conguring Timeouts...................................................................................................................................................... 93
Conguring Dynamic VLAN Assignment with Port Authentication...........................................................................94
Guest and Authentication-Fail VLANs.......................................................................................................................... 95
Conguring a Guest VLAN....................................................................................................................................... 95
Conguring an Authentication-Fail VLAN...............................................................................................................95
Conguring dot1x Prole ................................................................................................................................................96
Conguring the Static MAB and MAB Prole ............................................................................................................. 97
Conguring Critical VLAN ..............................................................................................................................................98
6 Access Control List (ACL) VLAN Groups and Content Addressable Memory (CAM)....................................99
Optimizing CAM Utilization During the Attachment of ACLs to VLANs...................................................................99
Guidelines for Conguring ACL VLAN Groups........................................................................................................... 100
Conguring ACL VLAN Groups and Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters...............................................100
Conguring ACL VLAN Groups.............................................................................................................................. 100
Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters........................................................................................................101
Viewing CAM Usage...................................................................................................................................................... 102
Allocating FP Blocks for VLAN Processes.................................................................................................................. 103
7 Access Control Lists (ACLs)....................................................................................................................... 105
IP Access Control Lists (ACLs).....................................................................................................................................106
CAM Usage............................................................................................................................................................... 107
Implementing ACLs on Dell Networking OS..........................................................................................................107
IP Fragment Handling.................................................................................................................................................... 109
IP Fragments ACL Examples...................................................................................................................................109
Layer 4 ACL Rules Examples...................................................................................................................................109
Contents
5
Congure a Standard IP ACL.........................................................................................................................................110
Conguring a Standard IP ACL Filter.......................................................................................................................111
Congure an Extended IP ACL......................................................................................................................................112
Conguring Filters with a Sequence Number........................................................................................................112
Conguring Filters Without a Sequence Number................................................................................................. 113
Congure Layer 2 and Layer 3 ACLs............................................................................................................................ 114
Assign an IP ACL to an Interface...................................................................................................................................115
Applying an IP ACL..........................................................................................................................................................115
Counting ACL Hits.................................................................................................................................................... 116
Congure Ingress ACLs.................................................................................................................................................. 116
Congure Egress ACLs...................................................................................................................................................116
Applying Egress Layer 3 ACLs (Control-Plane)..................................................................................................... 117
IP Prex Lists...................................................................................................................................................................118
Implementation Information..................................................................................................................................... 118
Conguration Task List for Prex Lists...................................................................................................................118
ACL Resequencing......................................................................................................................................................... 122
Resequencing an ACL or Prex List.......................................................................................................................122
Route Maps..................................................................................................................................................................... 124
Implementation Information.....................................................................................................................................124
Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................................... 124
Conguration Task List for Route Maps................................................................................................................ 124
Conguring Match Routes...................................................................................................................................... 126
Conguring Set Conditions..................................................................................................................................... 128
Congure a Route Map for Route Redistribution.................................................................................................129
Congure a Route Map for Route Tagging........................................................................................................... 129
Continue Clause........................................................................................................................................................130
Logging of ACL Processes............................................................................................................................................ 130
Guidelines for Conguring ACL Logging.................................................................................................................131
Conguring ACL Logging......................................................................................................................................... 131
Flow-Based Monitoring Support for ACLs.................................................................................................................. 132
Behavior of Flow-Based Monitoring.......................................................................................................................132
Enabling Flow-Based Monitoring............................................................................................................................133
8 Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD).................................................................................................. 135
How BFD Works............................................................................................................................................................. 135
BFD Packet Format..................................................................................................................................................136
BFD Sessions.............................................................................................................................................................137
BFD Three-Way Handshake.................................................................................................................................... 138
Session State Changes............................................................................................................................................140
Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................................... 140
Congure BFD................................................................................................................................................................ 140
Congure BFD for Physical Ports........................................................................................................................... 141
Congure BFD for Static Routes............................................................................................................................142
Congure BFD for OSPF.........................................................................................................................................145
Congure BFD for OSPFv3.....................................................................................................................................149
Congure BFD for IS-IS............................................................................................................................................151
6
Contents
Congure BFD for BGP...........................................................................................................................................153
Congure BFD for VRRP.........................................................................................................................................160
Conguring Protocol Liveness................................................................................................................................ 163
Troubleshooting BFD................................................................................................................................................163
9 Border Gateway Protocol IPv4 (BGPv4).................................................................................................... 165
Autonomous Systems (AS)...........................................................................................................................................165
Sessions and Peers.........................................................................................................................................................167
Establish a Session................................................................................................................................................... 167
Route Reectors.............................................................................................................................................................168
BGP Attributes................................................................................................................................................................169
Best Path Selection Criteria....................................................................................................................................169
Weight.........................................................................................................................................................................171
Local Preference........................................................................................................................................................171
Multi-Exit Discriminators (MEDs)...........................................................................................................................172
Origin..........................................................................................................................................................................173
AS Path...................................................................................................................................................................... 174
Next Hop....................................................................................................................................................................174
Multiprotocol BGP.......................................................................................................................................................... 174
Implement BGP with Dell Networking OS...................................................................................................................175
Additional Path (Add-Path) Support......................................................................................................................175
Advertise IGP Cost as MED for Redistributed Routes........................................................................................ 175
Ignore Router-ID in Best-Path Calculation............................................................................................................ 176
Four-Byte AS Numbers............................................................................................................................................176
AS4 Number Representation.................................................................................................................................. 176
AS Number Migration...............................................................................................................................................178
BGP4 Management Information Base (MIB)........................................................................................................179
Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 179
Conguration Information..............................................................................................................................................180
BGP Conguration......................................................................................................................................................... 180
Enabling BGP.............................................................................................................................................................181
Conguring AS4 Number Representations........................................................................................................... 184
Conguring Peer Groups.........................................................................................................................................186
Conguring BGP Fast Fall-Over.............................................................................................................................188
Conguring Passive Peering................................................................................................................................... 190
Maintaining Existing AS Numbers During an AS Migration.................................................................................190
Allowing an AS Number to Appear in its Own AS Path........................................................................................191
Enabling Graceful Restart........................................................................................................................................192
Enabling Neighbor Graceful Restart.......................................................................................................................193
Filtering on an AS-Path Attribute........................................................................................................................... 193
Regular Expressions as Filters.................................................................................................................................195
Redistributing Routes.............................................................................................................................................. 196
Enabling Additional Paths........................................................................................................................................ 197
Conguring IP Community Lists............................................................................................................................. 197
Conguring an IP Extended Community List........................................................................................................198
Filtering Routes with Community Lists..................................................................................................................199
Contents
7
Manipulating the COMMUNITY Attribute............................................................................................................200
Changing MED Attributes....................................................................................................................................... 201
Changing the LOCAL_PREFERENCE Attribute.................................................................................................. 201
Conguring the local System or a Dierent System to be the Next Hop for BGP-Learned Routes............ 202
Changing the WEIGHT Attribute...........................................................................................................................203
Enabling Multipath...................................................................................................................................................203
Filtering BGP Routes...............................................................................................................................................203
Filtering BGP Routes Using Route Maps..............................................................................................................205
Filtering BGP Routes Using AS-PATH Information............................................................................................. 205
Conguring BGP Route Reectors....................................................................................................................... 206
Aggregating Routes................................................................................................................................................. 207
Conguring BGP Confederations...........................................................................................................................207
Enabling Route Flap Dampening............................................................................................................................ 208
Changing BGP Timers............................................................................................................................................. 210
Enabling BGP Neighbor Soft-Reconguration..................................................................................................... 210
Enabling or disabling BGP neighbors...................................................................................................................... 211
Route Map Continue................................................................................................................................................213
Enabling MBGP Congurations.................................................................................................................................... 213
Congure IPv6 NH Automatically for IPv6 Prex Advertised over IPv4 Neighbor.......................................... 214
BGP Regular Expression Optimization.........................................................................................................................214
Debugging BGP.............................................................................................................................................................. 214
Storing Last and Bad PDUs.....................................................................................................................................215
Capturing PDUs........................................................................................................................................................216
PDU Counters........................................................................................................................................................... 217
Sample Congurations................................................................................................................................................... 217
10 Content Addressable Memory (CAM).......................................................................................................224
CAM Allocation...............................................................................................................................................................224
Test CAM Usage............................................................................................................................................................226
View CAM Proles.........................................................................................................................................................226
View CAM-ACL Settings...............................................................................................................................................227
View CAM Usage...........................................................................................................................................................229
CAM Optimization......................................................................................................................................................... 229
Troubleshoot CAM Proling..........................................................................................................................................229
QoS CAM Region Limitation...................................................................................................................................229
11 Control Plane Policing (CoPP).................................................................................................................. 230
Congure Control Plane Policing.................................................................................................................................. 231
Conguring CoPP for Protocols............................................................................................................................ 232
Conguring CoPP for CPU Queues...................................................................................................................... 234
CoPP for OSPFv3 Packets.....................................................................................................................................235
Conguring CoPP for OSPFv3.............................................................................................................................. 238
Displaying CoPP Conguration ............................................................................................................................. 238
12 Data Center Bridging (DCB)......................................................................................................................241
Ethernet Enhancements in Data Center Bridging...................................................................................................... 241
8
Contents
Priority-Based Flow Control................................................................................................................................... 242
Enhanced Transmission Selection..........................................................................................................................243
Data Center Bridging Exchange Protocol (DCBx)...............................................................................................244
Data Center Bridging in a Trac Flow...................................................................................................................245
Enabling Data Center Bridging.....................................................................................................................................245
DCB Maps and its Attributes..................................................................................................................................246
Data Center Bridging: Default Conguration..............................................................................................................247
Conguring Priority-Based Flow Control.................................................................................................................... 247
Conguring Lossless Queues................................................................................................................................. 248
Conguring PFC in a DCB Map................................................................................................................................... 249
PFC Conguration Notes........................................................................................................................................249
PFC Prerequisites and Restrictions.......................................................................................................................250
Applying a DCB Map on a Port....................................................................................................................................250
Conguring PFC without a DCB Map..........................................................................................................................251
Conguring Lossless QueuesExample:...................................................................................................................251
Priority-Based Flow Control Using Dynamic Buer Method....................................................................................253
Pause and Resume of Trac..................................................................................................................................253
Buer Sizes for Lossless or PFC Packets............................................................................................................ 253
Behavior of Tagged Packets.........................................................................................................................................254
Conguration Example for DSCP and PFC Priorities................................................................................................254
Using PFC to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac.................................................................................................. 255
Congure Enhanced Transmission Selection............................................................................................................. 255
ETS Prerequisites and Restrictions....................................................................................................................... 255
Creating an ETS Priority Group............................................................................................................................. 255
ETS Operation with DCBx...................................................................................................................................... 257
Conguring Bandwidth Allocation for DCBx CIN.................................................................................................257
Conguring ETS in a DCB Map..............................................................................................................................258
Hierarchical Scheduling in ETS Output Policies.........................................................................................................259
Using ETS to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac...................................................................................................260
Applying DCB Policies in a Switch Stack.................................................................................................................... 260
Congure a DCBx Operation........................................................................................................................................260
DCBx Operation.......................................................................................................................................................260
DCBx Port Roles.......................................................................................................................................................261
DCB Conguration Exchange................................................................................................................................ 262
Conguration Source Election................................................................................................................................262
Propagation of DCB Information............................................................................................................................263
Auto-Detection and Manual Conguration of the DCBx Version...................................................................... 263
DCBx Example..........................................................................................................................................................264
DCBx Prerequisites and Restrictions.....................................................................................................................264
Conguring DCBx....................................................................................................................................................264
Verifying the DCB Conguration................................................................................................................................. 268
Sample DCB Conguration...........................................................................................................................................276
PFC and ETS Conguration Command Examples...............................................................................................278
QoS dot1p Trac Classication and Queue Assignment.......................................................................................... 278
Conguring the Dynamic Buer Method....................................................................................................................279
Contents
9
13 Dynamic Host Conguration Protocol (DHCP)..........................................................................................281
DHCP Packet Format and Options.............................................................................................................................. 281
Assign an IP Address using DHCP...............................................................................................................................283
Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................284
Congure the System to be a DHCP Server..............................................................................................................284
Conguring the Server for Automatic Address Allocation..................................................................................285
Specifying a Default Gateway................................................................................................................................ 286
Congure a Method of Hostname Resolution..................................................................................................... 286
Using DNS for Address Resolution........................................................................................................................286
Using NetBIOS WINS for Address Resolution......................................................................................................287
Creating Manual Binding Entries............................................................................................................................287
Debugging the DHCP Server................................................................................................................................. 287
Using DHCP Clear Commands...............................................................................................................................288
Congure the System to be a Relay Agent................................................................................................................ 288
Congure the System to be a DHCP Client...............................................................................................................290
DHCP Client Operation with Other Features.......................................................................................................290
DHCP Client on a Management Interface.............................................................................................................291
Congure the System for User Port Stacking (Option 230)....................................................................................292
Congure Secure DHCP............................................................................................................................................... 292
Option 82..................................................................................................................................................................292
DHCP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................................293
Conguring the DHCP secondary-subnet............................................................................................................296
Drop DHCP Packets on Snooped VLANs Only....................................................................................................296
Dynamic ARP Inspection.........................................................................................................................................297
Conguring Dynamic ARP Inspection................................................................................................................... 298
Source Address Validation............................................................................................................................................ 299
Enabling IP Source Address Validation..................................................................................................................299
DHCP MAC Source Address Validation................................................................................................................ 300
Enabling IP+MAC Source Address Validation.......................................................................................................300
Viewing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets.................................................................................................... 301
Clearing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets....................................................................................................301
14 Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP)................................................................................................................ 302
ECMP for Flow-Based Anity.....................................................................................................................................302
Conguring the Hash Algorithm............................................................................................................................ 302
Enabling Deterministic ECMP Next Hop.............................................................................................................. 302
Conguring the Hash Algorithm Seed.................................................................................................................. 303
Link Bundle Monitoring................................................................................................................................................. 303
Managing ECMP Group Paths...............................................................................................................................304
Creating an ECMP Group Bundle..........................................................................................................................304
Modifying the ECMP Group Threshold................................................................................................................ 304
RTAG7.............................................................................................................................................................................305
Flow-based Hashing for ECMP................................................................................................................................... 306
15 FIP Snooping............................................................................................................................................309
10
Contents
Fibre Channel over Ethernet........................................................................................................................................309
Ensure Robustness in a Converged Ethernet Network............................................................................................309
FIP Snooping on Ethernet Bridges................................................................................................................................311
FIP Snooping in a Switch Stack....................................................................................................................................313
Using FIP Snooping........................................................................................................................................................ 313
FIP Snooping Prerequisites......................................................................................................................................313
Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 313
Enabling the FCoE Transit Feature.........................................................................................................................314
Enable FIP Snooping on VLANs............................................................................................................................. 315
Congure the FC-MAP Value................................................................................................................................. 315
Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-Bridge Link........................................................................................................315
Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-FCF Link............................................................................................................315
Impact on Other Software Features...................................................................................................................... 315
FIP Snooping Restrictions....................................................................................................................................... 316
Conguring FIP Snooping........................................................................................................................................316
Displaying FIP Snooping Information............................................................................................................................317
FCoE Transit Conguration Example...........................................................................................................................322
16 FIPS Cryptography...................................................................................................................................324
Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................................... 324
Preparing the System....................................................................................................................................................324
Enabling FIPS Mode...................................................................................................................................................... 325
Generating Host-Keys...................................................................................................................................................325
Monitoring FIPS Mode Status......................................................................................................................................325
Disabling FIPS Mode..................................................................................................................................................... 326
17 Force10 Resilient Ring Protocol (FRRP)....................................................................................................327
Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 327
Ring Status............................................................................................................................................................... 328
Multiple FRRP Rings................................................................................................................................................328
Important FRRP Points...........................................................................................................................................329
Important FRRP Concepts.....................................................................................................................................330
Implementing FRRP....................................................................................................................................................... 331
FRRP Conguration....................................................................................................................................................... 331
Creating the FRRP Group....................................................................................................................................... 331
Conguring the Control VLAN...............................................................................................................................332
Conguring and Adding the Member VLANs.......................................................................................................333
Setting the FRRP Timers........................................................................................................................................334
Clearing the FRRP Counters..................................................................................................................................334
Viewing the FRRP Conguration...........................................................................................................................334
Viewing the FRRP Information...............................................................................................................................334
Troubleshooting FRRP.................................................................................................................................................. 335
Conguration Checks..............................................................................................................................................335
Sample Conguration and Topology............................................................................................................................335
FRRP Support on VLT...................................................................................................................................................336
Example Scenario.....................................................................................................................................................337
Contents
11
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 338
18 GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP)..............................................................................................339
Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................... 339
Congure GVRP............................................................................................................................................................ 340
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................340
Enabling GVRP Globally.................................................................................................................................................341
Enabling GVRP on a Layer 2 Interface.........................................................................................................................341
Congure GVRP Registration....................................................................................................................................... 341
Congure a GARP Timer.............................................................................................................................................. 342
RPM Redundancy..........................................................................................................................................................342
19 High Availability (HA)............................................................................................................................... 344
Component Redundancy.............................................................................................................................................. 344
RPM Redundancy....................................................................................................................................................344
Automatic and Manual Stack Unit Failover.......................................................................................................... 346
Support for RPM Redundancy by Dell Networking OS Version........................................................................ 347
Synchronization between Management and Standby Units.............................................................................. 347
Conguring RPM Redundancy...............................................................................................................................347
Online Insertion and Removal.......................................................................................................................................348
RPM Online Insertion and Removal.......................................................................................................................348
Linecard Online Insertion and Removal.................................................................................................................349
Hitless Behavior............................................................................................................................................................. 350
Graceful Restart............................................................................................................................................................ 350
Software Resiliency........................................................................................................................................................351
Software Component Health Monitoring.............................................................................................................. 351
System Health Monitoring.......................................................................................................................................351
Failure and Event Logging....................................................................................................................................... 351
Hot-Lock Behavior.........................................................................................................................................................352
Process Restartability....................................................................................................................................................352
Enabling Process Restartability..............................................................................................................................352
20 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP).........................................................................................354
IGMP Implementation Information.............................................................................................................................. 354
IGMP Protocol Overview..............................................................................................................................................354
IGMP Version 2........................................................................................................................................................ 354
IGMP Version 3........................................................................................................................................................356
Congure IGMP............................................................................................................................................................. 359
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................359
Viewing IGMP Enabled Interfaces...............................................................................................................................360
Selecting an IGMP Version...........................................................................................................................................360
Viewing IGMP Groups...................................................................................................................................................360
Adjusting Timers............................................................................................................................................................. 361
Adjusting Query and Response Timers..................................................................................................................361
Enabling IGMP Immediate-Leave.................................................................................................................................362
IGMP Snooping..............................................................................................................................................................362
12
Contents
IGMP Snooping Implementation Information....................................................................................................... 362
Conguring IGMP Snooping...................................................................................................................................362
Removing a Group-Port Association.....................................................................................................................363
Disabling Multicast Flooding...................................................................................................................................363
Specifying a Port as Connected to a Multicast Router...................................................................................... 364
Conguring the Switch as Querier........................................................................................................................ 364
Fast Convergence after MSTP Topology Changes...................................................................................................365
Egress Interface Selection (EIS) for HTTP and IGMP Applications........................................................................365
Protocol Separation.................................................................................................................................................365
Enabling and Disabling Management Egress Interface Selection...................................................................... 366
Handling of Management Route Conguration................................................................................................... 367
Handling of Switch-Initiated Trac....................................................................................................................... 368
Handling of Switch-Destined Trac......................................................................................................................368
Handling of Transit Trac (Trac Separation).................................................................................................... 369
Mapping of Management Applications and Trac Type.....................................................................................369
Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Initiated Trac ............................................................................ 370
Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Destined Trac ............................................................................371
Interworking of EIS With Various Applications..................................................................................................... 372
Designating a Multicast Router Interface................................................................................................................... 372
21 Interfaces................................................................................................................................................. 374
Basic Interface Conguration....................................................................................................................................... 374
Advanced Interface Conguration............................................................................................................................... 374
Interface Types...............................................................................................................................................................375
View Basic Interface Information................................................................................................................................. 375
Resetting an Interface to its Factory Default State................................................................................................... 377
Enabling Energy Ecient Ethernet..............................................................................................................................378
View EEE Information....................................................................................................................................................378
Clear EEE Counters.......................................................................................................................................................382
Enabling a Physical Interface........................................................................................................................................383
Physical Interfaces.........................................................................................................................................................383
Conguration Task List for Physical Interfaces.................................................................................................... 384
Overview of Layer Modes...................................................................................................................................... 384
Conguring Layer 2 (Data Link) Mode..................................................................................................................384
Conguring Layer 2 (Interface) Mode.................................................................................................................. 385
Conguring Layer 3 (Network) Mode...................................................................................................................385
Conguring Layer 3 (Interface) Mode.................................................................................................................. 386
Egress Interface Selection (EIS)..................................................................................................................................386
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 386
Conguring EIS.........................................................................................................................................................387
Management Interfaces................................................................................................................................................387
Conguring Management Interfaces.....................................................................................................................387
Conguring a Management Interface on an Ethernet Port............................................................................... 389
VLAN Interfaces............................................................................................................................................................ 389
Loopback Interfaces......................................................................................................................................................390
Null Interfaces.................................................................................................................................................................391
Contents
13
Port Channel Interfaces.................................................................................................................................................391
Port Channel Denition and Standards..................................................................................................................391
Port Channel Benets..............................................................................................................................................391
Port Channel Implementation................................................................................................................................. 391
Interfaces in Port Channels.................................................................................................................................... 392
Conguration Tasks for Port Channel Interfaces.................................................................................................392
Creating a Port Channel..........................................................................................................................................393
Adding a Physical Interface to a Port Channel.....................................................................................................393
Reassigning an Interface to a New Port Channel................................................................................................395
Conguring the Minimum Oper Up Links in a Port Channel.............................................................................. 395
Adding or Removing a Port Channel from a VLAN............................................................................................. 396
Assigning an IP Address to a Port Channel...........................................................................................................397
Deleting or Disabling a Port Channel..................................................................................................................... 397
Load Balancing Through Port Channels................................................................................................................397
Changing the Hash Algorithm................................................................................................................................398
Bulk Conguration......................................................................................................................................................... 399
Interface Range....................................................................................................................................................... 399
Bulk Conguration Examples..................................................................................................................................399
Dening Interface Range Macros.................................................................................................................................401
Dene the Interface Range.....................................................................................................................................401
Choosing an Interface-Range Macro.....................................................................................................................401
Monitoring and Maintaining Interfaces........................................................................................................................ 401
Maintenance Using TDR......................................................................................................................................... 402
Conguring wavelength for 10–Gigabit SFP+ optics................................................................................................403
Link Dampening..............................................................................................................................................................403
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 404
Enabling Link Dampening........................................................................................................................................404
Link Bundle Monitoring................................................................................................................................................. 405
Using Ethernet Pause Frames for Flow Control........................................................................................................ 406
Enabling Pause Frames........................................................................................................................................... 407
Congure the MTU Size on an Interface.................................................................................................................... 407
Port-Pipes.......................................................................................................................................................................408
Auto-Negotiation on Ethernet Interfaces...................................................................................................................408
Setting the Speed of Ethernet Interfaces............................................................................................................408
Set Auto-Negotiation Options................................................................................................................................ 410
View Advanced Interface Information..........................................................................................................................410
Conguring the Interface Sampling Size................................................................................................................411
Conguring the Trac Sampling Size Globally........................................................................................................... 412
Dynamic Counters.......................................................................................................................................................... 413
Clearing Interface Counters.................................................................................................................................... 414
Compressing Conguration Files.................................................................................................................................. 414
22 Internet Protocol Security (IPSec)........................................................................................................... 418
Conguring IPSec ..........................................................................................................................................................418
23 IPv4 Routing............................................................................................................................................420
14
Contents
IP Addresses....................................................................................................................................................................421
Implementation Information.................................................................................................................................... 421
Conguration Tasks for IP Addresses.......................................................................................................................... 421
Assigning IP Addresses to an Interface........................................................................................................................421
Conguring Static Routes.............................................................................................................................................422
Congure Static Routes for the Management Interface.......................................................................................... 423
IPv4 Path MTU Discovery Overview...........................................................................................................................424
Using the Congured Source IP Address in ICMP Messages..................................................................................424
Conguring the ICMP Source Interface................................................................................................................424
Conguring the Duration to Establish a TCP Connection........................................................................................ 425
Enabling Directed Broadcast........................................................................................................................................ 425
Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................................................425
Enabling Dynamic Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................426
Specifying the Local System Domain and a List of Domains................................................................................... 426
Conguring DNS with Traceroute................................................................................................................................427
ARP..................................................................................................................................................................................427
Conguration Tasks for ARP........................................................................................................................................ 428
Conguring Static ARP Entries....................................................................................................................................428
Enabling Proxy ARP.......................................................................................................................................................428
Clearing ARP Cache......................................................................................................................................................429
ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................................429
Enabling ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................429
ARP Learning via ARP Request................................................................................................................................... 429
Conguring ARP Retries...............................................................................................................................................430
ICMP................................................................................................................................................................................ 431
Conguration Tasks for ICMP.......................................................................................................................................431
Enabling ICMP Unreachable Messages....................................................................................................................... 431
UDP Helper......................................................................................................................................................................431
Congure UDP Helper............................................................................................................................................. 431
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................432
Enabling UDP Helper.....................................................................................................................................................432
Conguring a Broadcast Address................................................................................................................................ 432
Congurations Using UDP Helper............................................................................................................................... 433
UDP Helper with Broadcast-All Addresses.................................................................................................................433
UDP Helper with Subnet Broadcast Addresses.........................................................................................................434
UDP Helper with Congured Broadcast Addresses.................................................................................................. 434
UDP Helper with No Congured Broadcast Addresses............................................................................................435
Troubleshooting UDP Helper........................................................................................................................................435
24 IPv6 Routing............................................................................................................................................ 436
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................436
Extended Address Space........................................................................................................................................437
Stateless Autoconguration....................................................................................................................................437
IPv6 Headers............................................................................................................................................................ 437
IPv6 Header Fields...................................................................................................................................................438
Extension Header Fields..........................................................................................................................................440
Contents
15
Addressing.................................................................................................................................................................441
Implementing IPv6 with Dell Networking OS............................................................................................................. 442
ICMPv6...........................................................................................................................................................................443
Path MTU Discovery..................................................................................................................................................... 444
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery.............................................................................................................................................. 444
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery of MTU Packets...........................................................................................................445
Conguration Task List for IPv6 RDNSS.................................................................................................................... 445
Conguring the IPv6 Recursive DNS Server....................................................................................................... 445
Debugging IPv6 RDNSS Information Sent to the Host .....................................................................................446
Displaying IPv6 RDNSS Information......................................................................................................................447
Secure Shell (SSH) Over an IPv6 Transport.............................................................................................................. 447
Conguration Tasks for IPv6........................................................................................................................................ 448
Adjusting Your CAM-Prole....................................................................................................................................448
Assigning an IPv6 Address to an Interface...........................................................................................................449
Assigning a Static IPv6 Route................................................................................................................................449
Conguring Telnet with IPv6..................................................................................................................................450
SNMP over IPv6......................................................................................................................................................450
Displaying IPv6 Information....................................................................................................................................450
Displaying an IPv6 Interface Information............................................................................................................... 451
Showing IPv6 Routes...............................................................................................................................................451
Showing the Running-Conguration for an Interface.........................................................................................453
Clearing IPv6 Routes...............................................................................................................................................453
Disabling ND Entry Timeout................................................................................................................................... 453
Conguring IPv6 RA Guard.......................................................................................................................................... 454
Conguring IPv6 RA Guard on an Interface.........................................................................................................455
Monitoring IPv6 RA Guard..................................................................................................................................... 456
25 iSCSI Optimization...................................................................................................................................457
iSCSI Optimization Overview....................................................................................................................................... 457
Monitoring iSCSI Trac Flows...............................................................................................................................459
Application of Quality of Service to iSCSI Trac Flows..................................................................................... 459
Information Monitored in iSCSI Trac Flows.......................................................................................................459
Detection and Auto-Conguration for Dell EqualLogic Arrays...........................................................................460
Conguring Detection and Ports for Dell Compellent Arrays.............................................................................460
Synchronizing iSCSI Sessions Learned on VLT-Lags with VLT-Peer..................................................................461
Enable and Disable iSCSI Optimization..................................................................................................................461
Default iSCSI Optimization Values...............................................................................................................................462
iSCSI Optimization Prerequisites................................................................................................................................. 462
Conguring iSCSI Optimization....................................................................................................................................462
Displaying iSCSI Optimization Information..................................................................................................................464
26 Intermediate System to Intermediate System.......................................................................................... 466
IS-IS Protocol Overview............................................................................................................................................... 466
IS-IS Addressing.............................................................................................................................................................466
Multi-Topology IS-IS.......................................................................................................................................................467
Transition Mode........................................................................................................................................................467
16
Contents
Interface Support.....................................................................................................................................................468
Adjacencies...............................................................................................................................................................468
Graceful Restart.............................................................................................................................................................468
Timers....................................................................................................................................................................... 468
Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................468
Conguration Information.............................................................................................................................................469
Conguration Tasks for IS-IS..................................................................................................................................470
Conguring the Distance of a Route..................................................................................................................... 477
Changing the IS-Type.............................................................................................................................................. 478
Redistributing IPv4 Routes.....................................................................................................................................480
Redistributing IPv6 Routes......................................................................................................................................481
Conguring Authentication Passwords.................................................................................................................482
Setting the Overload Bit......................................................................................................................................... 482
Debugging IS-IS....................................................................................................................................................... 483
IS-IS Metric Styles.........................................................................................................................................................484
Congure Metric Values................................................................................................................................................484
Maximum Values in the Routing Table.................................................................................................................. 484
Change the IS-IS Metric Style in One Level Only................................................................................................484
Leaks from One Level to Another..........................................................................................................................486
Sample Congurations.................................................................................................................................................. 487
27 Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP)...............................................................................................489
Introduction to Dynamic LAGs and LACP.................................................................................................................. 489
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 489
LACP Modes............................................................................................................................................................ 490
Conguring LACP Commands...............................................................................................................................490
LACP Conguration Tasks.............................................................................................................................................491
Creating a LAG......................................................................................................................................................... 491
Conguring the LAG Interfaces as Dynamic.........................................................................................................491
Setting the LACP Long Timeout............................................................................................................................492
Monitoring and Debugging LACP..........................................................................................................................492
Shared LAG State Tracking.......................................................................................................................................... 493
Conguring Shared LAG State Tracking............................................................................................................... 493
Important Points about Shared LAG State Tracking...........................................................................................495
LACP Basic Conguration Example............................................................................................................................ 495
Congure a LAG on ALPHA................................................................................................................................... 495
28 Layer 2.................................................................................................................................................... 504
Manage the MAC Address Table................................................................................................................................. 504
Clearing the MAC Address Table...........................................................................................................................504
Setting the Aging Time for Dynamic Entries........................................................................................................504
Conguring a Static MAC Address....................................................................................................................... 505
Displaying the MAC Address Table........................................................................................................................505
MAC Learning Limit.......................................................................................................................................................505
Setting the MAC Learning Limit............................................................................................................................ 506
mac learning-limit Dynamic.................................................................................................................................... 506
Contents
17
mac learning-limit mac-address-sticky................................................................................................................. 506
mac learning-limit station-move.............................................................................................................................507
mac learning-limit no-station-move.......................................................................................................................507
Learning Limit Violation Actions............................................................................................................................. 507
Setting Station Move Violation Actions................................................................................................................ 508
Recovering from Learning Limit and Station Move Violations...........................................................................508
Disabling MAC Address Learning on the System................................................................................................ 509
NIC Teaming...................................................................................................................................................................509
Congure Redundant Pairs........................................................................................................................................... 510
Important Points about Conguring Redundant Pairs......................................................................................... 512
Far-End Failure Detection..............................................................................................................................................513
FEFD State Changes................................................................................................................................................514
Conguring FEFD.....................................................................................................................................................515
Enabling FEFD on an Interface............................................................................................................................... 515
Debugging FEFD.......................................................................................................................................................516
29 Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)......................................................................................................518
802.1AB (LLDP) Overview............................................................................................................................................ 518
Protocol Data Units.................................................................................................................................................. 518
Optional TLVs..................................................................................................................................................................519
Management TLVs................................................................................................................................................... 519
TIA-1057 (LLDP-MED) Overview................................................................................................................................. 521
TIA Organizationally Specic TLVs.........................................................................................................................521
Congure LLDP............................................................................................................................................................. 525
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................525
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 525
LLDP Compatibility..................................................................................................................................................526
CONFIGURATION versus INTERFACE Congurations............................................................................................ 526
Enabling LLDP................................................................................................................................................................526
Disabling and Undoing LLDP.................................................................................................................................. 527
Advertising TLVs............................................................................................................................................................ 527
Viewing the LLDP Conguration................................................................................................................................. 528
Viewing Information Advertised by Adjacent LLDP Agents..................................................................................... 528
Conguring LLDPDU Intervals.....................................................................................................................................529
Conguring Transmit and Receive Mode................................................................................................................... 530
Conguring the Time to Live Value.............................................................................................................................. 531
Debugging LLDP.............................................................................................................................................................531
Relevant Management Objects................................................................................................................................... 532
30 Microsoft Network Load Balancing.......................................................................................................... 538
NLB Unicast Mode Scenario........................................................................................................................................538
NLB Multicast Mode Scenario.....................................................................................................................................538
Limitations of the NLB Feature....................................................................................................................................539
Microsoft Clustering......................................................................................................................................................539
Enable and Disable VLAN Flooding ............................................................................................................................ 539
Conguring a Switch for NLB .....................................................................................................................................539
18
Contents
Enabling a Switch for Multicast NLB.................................................................................................................... 540
31 Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP).......................................................................................... 541
Protocol Overview..........................................................................................................................................................541
Anycast RP.....................................................................................................................................................................542
Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................543
Congure Multicast Source Discovery Protocol........................................................................................................543
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................543
Enable MSDP................................................................................................................................................................. 547
Manage the Source-Active Cache.............................................................................................................................. 548
Viewing the Source-Active Cache.........................................................................................................................548
Limiting the Source-Active Cache.........................................................................................................................548
Clearing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................549
Enabling the Rejected Source-Active Cache....................................................................................................... 549
Accept Source-Active Messages that Fail the RFP Check......................................................................................549
Specifying Source-Active Messages...........................................................................................................................552
Limiting the Source-Active Messages from a Peer...................................................................................................553
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Local Source.......................................................................................................553
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Remote Source.................................................................................................. 554
Preventing MSDP from Advertising a Local Source................................................................................................. 554
Logging Changes in Peership States.......................................................................................................................... 555
Terminating a Peership..................................................................................................................................................555
Clearing Peer Statistics.................................................................................................................................................556
Debugging MSDP..........................................................................................................................................................556
MSDP with Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................557
Conguring Anycast RP............................................................................................................................................... 558
Reducing Source-Active Message Flooding........................................................................................................ 559
Specifying the RP Address Used in SA Messages..............................................................................................559
MSDP Sample Congurations...................................................................................................................................... 561
32 Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP)................................................................................................ 564
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................564
Spanning Tree Variations.............................................................................................................................................. 565
Implementation Information................................................................................................................................... 565
Congure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol................................................................................................................565
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................566
Enable Multiple Spanning Tree Globally...................................................................................................................... 566
Adding and Removing Interfaces.................................................................................................................................566
Creating Multiple Spanning Tree Instances................................................................................................................ 567
Inuencing MSTP Root Selection................................................................................................................................568
Interoperate with Non-Dell Bridges.............................................................................................................................568
Changing the Region Name or Revision.....................................................................................................................569
Modifying Global Parameters.......................................................................................................................................569
Modifying the Interface Parameters............................................................................................................................570
Conguring an EdgePort............................................................................................................................................... 571
Flush MAC Addresses after a Topology Change........................................................................................................572
Contents
19
MSTP Sample Congurations...................................................................................................................................... 572
Router 1 Running-CongurationRouter 2 Running-CongurationRouter 3 Running-
CongurationSFTOS Example Running-Conguration....................................................................................... 573
Debugging and Verifying MSTP Congurations........................................................................................................ 576
33 Multicast Features................................................................................................................................... 578
Enabling IP Multicast.....................................................................................................................................................578
Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................578
Multicast Policies........................................................................................................................................................... 579
IPv4 Multicast Policies............................................................................................................................................ 579
Understanding Multicast Traceroute (mtrace).......................................................................................................... 586
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................587
Printing Multicast Traceroute (mtrace) Paths............................................................................................................587
Supported Error Codes.................................................................................................................................................588
mtrace Scenarios...........................................................................................................................................................589
34 Object Tracking....................................................................................................................................... 595
Object Tracking Overview............................................................................................................................................ 595
Track Layer 2 Interfaces......................................................................................................................................... 596
Track Layer 3 Interfaces......................................................................................................................................... 596
Track IPv4 and IPv6 Routes................................................................................................................................... 597
Set Tracking Delays................................................................................................................................................. 598
VRRP Object Tracking............................................................................................................................................ 598
Object Tracking Conguration..................................................................................................................................... 598
Tracking a Layer 2 Interface................................................................................................................................... 598
Tracking a Layer 3 Interface................................................................................................................................... 599
Track an IPv4/IPv6 Route.......................................................................................................................................601
Displaying Tracked Objects...........................................................................................................................................604
35 Open Shortest Path First (OSPFv2 and OSPFv3)................................................................................... 606
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................606
Autonomous System (AS) Areas........................................................................................................................... 606
Area Types................................................................................................................................................................ 607
Networks and Neighbors........................................................................................................................................608
Router Types............................................................................................................................................................ 608
Designated and Backup Designated Routers........................................................................................................610
Link-State Advertisements (LSAs).........................................................................................................................610
Router Priority and Cost.......................................................................................................................................... 611
OSPF with Dell Networking OS....................................................................................................................................612
Graceful Restart....................................................................................................................................................... 613
Fast Convergence (OSPFv2, IPv4 Only)...............................................................................................................614
Multi-Process OSPFv2 with VRF...........................................................................................................................614
RFC-2328 Compliant OSPF Flooding.................................................................................................................... 614
OSPF ACK Packing..................................................................................................................................................615
Setting OSPF Adjacency with Cisco Routers.......................................................................................................615
Conguration Information..............................................................................................................................................616
20
Contents
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