Dell PowerSwitch S4820T User guide

Dell Conguration Guide for the S4820T System

9.11(2.0P1)

Notes, cautions, and warnings

NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your product.

CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the problem.

WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.

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2017 - 05

Rev. A00

Contents

1 About this Guide...........................................................................................................................................34

Audience............................................................................................................................................................................34

Conventions......................................................................................................................................................................34

Related Documents......................................................................................................................................................... 34

2 Conguration Fundamentals........................................................................................................................ 35

Accessing the Command Line........................................................................................................................................35

CLI Modes.........................................................................................................................................................................35

Navigating CLI Modes............................................................................................................................................... 37

The do Command............................................................................................................................................................ 40

Undoing Commands........................................................................................................................................................ 40

Obtaining Help...................................................................................................................................................................41

Entering and Editing Commands.................................................................................................................................... 41

Command History............................................................................................................................................................ 42

Filtering show Command Outputs.................................................................................................................................42

Example of the grep Keyword.................................................................................................................................. 42

Multiple Users in Conguration Mode...........................................................................................................................43

3 Getting Started............................................................................................................................................44

Console Access................................................................................................................................................................45

Serial Console.............................................................................................................................................................45

Accessing the CLI Interface and Running Scripts Using SSH....................................................................................46

Entering CLI commands Using an SSH Connection..............................................................................................46

Executing Local CLI Scripts Using an SSH Connection........................................................................................46

Default Conguration.......................................................................................................................................................47

Conguring a Host Name................................................................................................................................................47

Accessing the System Remotely....................................................................................................................................47

Accessing the System Remotely..............................................................................................................................47

Congure the Management Port IP Address......................................................................................................... 47

Congure a Management Route..............................................................................................................................48

Conguring a Username and Password..................................................................................................................48

Conguring the Enable Password..................................................................................................................................48

Conguration File Management.....................................................................................................................................49

Copy Files to and from the System......................................................................................................................... 49

Mounting an NFS File System..................................................................................................................................50

Save the Running-Conguration.............................................................................................................................. 51

Congure the Overload Bit for a Startup Scenario............................................................................................... 52

Viewing Files...............................................................................................................................................................52

Managing the File System.............................................................................................................................................. 53

Enabling Software Features on Devices Using a Command Option..........................................................................53

View Command History.................................................................................................................................................. 54

Upgrading Dell Networking OS...................................................................................................................................... 54

Contents

3

Using HTTP for File Transfers........................................................................................................................................ 54

Verify Software Images Before Installation...................................................................................................................55

4 Management................................................................................................................................................57

Conguring Privilege Levels............................................................................................................................................57

Creating a Custom Privilege Level...........................................................................................................................58

Removing a Command from EXEC Mode.............................................................................................................. 58

Moving a Command from EXEC Privilege Mode to EXEC Mode........................................................................58

Allowing Access to CONFIGURATION Mode Commands....................................................................................58

Allowing Access to Dierent Modes........................................................................................................................58

Applying a Privilege Level to a Username...............................................................................................................60

Applying a Privilege Level to a Terminal Line.......................................................................................................... 60

Conguring Logging........................................................................................................................................................ 60

Audit and Security Logs.............................................................................................................................................61

Conguring Logging Format ...................................................................................................................................63

Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration..................................................................................63

Setting Up a Secure Connection to a Syslog Server.............................................................................................64

Log Messages in the Internal Buer..............................................................................................................................65

Conguration Task List for System Log Management..........................................................................................65

Disabling System Logging...............................................................................................................................................65

Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server............................................................................................................65

Conguring a UNIX System as a Syslog Server.....................................................................................................66

Track Login Activity......................................................................................................................................................... 66

Restrictions for Tracking Login Activity.................................................................................................................. 66

Conguring Login Activity Tracking.........................................................................................................................66

Display Login Statistics..............................................................................................................................................67

Limit Concurrent Login Sessions....................................................................................................................................68

Restrictions for Limiting the Number of Concurrent Sessions............................................................................ 68

Conguring Concurrent Session Limit.....................................................................................................................68

Enabling the System to Clear Existing Sessions.................................................................................................... 69

Enabling Secured CLI Mode........................................................................................................................................... 70

Changing System Logging Settings...............................................................................................................................70

Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration.........................................................................................71

Conguring a UNIX Logging Facility Level.....................................................................................................................71

Synchronizing Log Messages......................................................................................................................................... 72

Enabling Timestamp on Syslog Messages.................................................................................................................... 73

File Transfer Services.......................................................................................................................................................73

Conguration Task List for File Transfer Services.................................................................................................. 74

Enabling the FTP Server........................................................................................................................................... 74

Conguring FTP Server Parameters........................................................................................................................74

Conguring FTP Client Parameters......................................................................................................................... 75

Terminal Lines................................................................................................................................................................... 75

Denying and Permitting Access to a Terminal Line................................................................................................75

Conguring Login Authentication for Terminal Lines.............................................................................................76

Setting Timeout for EXEC Privilege Mode....................................................................................................................77

Using Telnet to get to Another Network Device..........................................................................................................78

4

Contents

Lock CONFIGURATION Mode....................................................................................................................................... 78

Viewing the Conguration Lock Status...................................................................................................................78

Recovering from a Forgotten Password....................................................................................................................... 79

Recovering from a Forgotten Enable Password.................................................................................................... 80

Recovering from a Failed Start....................................................................................................................................... 81

Restoring the Factory Default Settings......................................................................................................................... 81

Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................ 81

Restoring Factory Default Environment Variables................................................................................................. 82

5 802.1X..........................................................................................................................................................84

Port-Authentication Process..........................................................................................................................................86

EAP over RADIUS......................................................................................................................................................86

Conguring 802.1X........................................................................................................................................................... 87

Related Conguration Tasks..................................................................................................................................... 87

Important Points to Remember......................................................................................................................................87

Enabling 802.1X................................................................................................................................................................ 88

Conguring MAC addresses for a do1x Prole.............................................................................................................89

Conguring Request Identity Re-Transmissions...........................................................................................................90

Conguring a Quiet Period after a Failed Authentication..................................................................................... 90

Forcibly Authorizing or Unauthorizing a Port................................................................................................................91

Re-Authenticating a Port................................................................................................................................................92

Conguring Timeouts...................................................................................................................................................... 93

Conguring Dynamic VLAN Assignment with Port Authentication...........................................................................94

Guest and Authentication-Fail VLANs.......................................................................................................................... 95

Conguring a Guest VLAN....................................................................................................................................... 95

Conguring an Authentication-Fail VLAN...............................................................................................................95

Conguring dot1x Prole ................................................................................................................................................96

Conguring the Static MAB and MAB Prole ............................................................................................................. 97

Conguring Critical VLAN ..............................................................................................................................................98

6 Access Control List (ACL) VLAN Groups and Content Addressable Memory (CAM)....................................99

Optimizing CAM Utilization During the Attachment of ACLs to VLANs...................................................................99

Guidelines for Conguring ACL VLAN Groups........................................................................................................... 100

Conguring ACL VLAN Groups and Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters...............................................100

Conguring ACL VLAN Groups.............................................................................................................................. 100

Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters........................................................................................................101

Viewing CAM Usage...................................................................................................................................................... 102

Allocating FP Blocks for VLAN Processes.................................................................................................................. 103

7 Access Control Lists (ACLs)....................................................................................................................... 105

IP Access Control Lists (ACLs).....................................................................................................................................106

CAM Usage............................................................................................................................................................... 107

Implementing ACLs on Dell Networking OS..........................................................................................................107

IP Fragment Handling.................................................................................................................................................... 109

IP Fragments ACL Examples...................................................................................................................................109

Layer 4 ACL Rules Examples...................................................................................................................................109

Contents

5

Congure a Standard IP ACL.........................................................................................................................................110

Conguring a Standard IP ACL Filter.......................................................................................................................111

Congure an Extended IP ACL......................................................................................................................................112

Conguring Filters with a Sequence Number........................................................................................................112

Conguring Filters Without a Sequence Number................................................................................................. 113

Congure Layer 2 and Layer 3 ACLs............................................................................................................................ 114

Assign an IP ACL to an Interface...................................................................................................................................115

Applying an IP ACL..........................................................................................................................................................115

Counting ACL Hits.................................................................................................................................................... 116

Congure Ingress ACLs.................................................................................................................................................. 116

Congure Egress ACLs...................................................................................................................................................116

Applying Egress Layer 3 ACLs (Control-Plane)..................................................................................................... 117

IP Prex Lists...................................................................................................................................................................118

Implementation Information..................................................................................................................................... 118

Conguration Task List for Prex Lists...................................................................................................................118

ACL Resequencing......................................................................................................................................................... 122

Resequencing an ACL or Prex List.......................................................................................................................122

Route Maps..................................................................................................................................................................... 124

Implementation Information.....................................................................................................................................124

Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................................... 124

Conguration Task List for Route Maps................................................................................................................ 124

Conguring Match Routes...................................................................................................................................... 126

Conguring Set Conditions..................................................................................................................................... 128

Congure a Route Map for Route Redistribution.................................................................................................129

Congure a Route Map for Route Tagging........................................................................................................... 129

Continue Clause........................................................................................................................................................130

Logging of ACL Processes............................................................................................................................................ 130

Guidelines for Conguring ACL Logging.................................................................................................................131

Conguring ACL Logging......................................................................................................................................... 131

Flow-Based Monitoring Support for ACLs.................................................................................................................. 132

Behavior of Flow-Based Monitoring.......................................................................................................................132

Enabling Flow-Based Monitoring............................................................................................................................133

8 Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD).................................................................................................. 135

How BFD Works............................................................................................................................................................. 135

BFD Packet Format..................................................................................................................................................136

BFD Sessions.............................................................................................................................................................137

BFD Three-Way Handshake.................................................................................................................................... 138

Session State Changes............................................................................................................................................140

Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................................... 140

Congure BFD................................................................................................................................................................ 140

Congure BFD for Physical Ports........................................................................................................................... 141

Congure BFD for Static Routes............................................................................................................................142

Congure BFD for OSPF.........................................................................................................................................145

Congure BFD for OSPFv3.....................................................................................................................................149

Congure BFD for IS-IS............................................................................................................................................151

6

Contents

Congure BFD for BGP...........................................................................................................................................153

Congure BFD for VRRP.........................................................................................................................................160

Conguring Protocol Liveness................................................................................................................................ 163

Troubleshooting BFD................................................................................................................................................163

9 Border Gateway Protocol IPv4 (BGPv4).................................................................................................... 165

Autonomous Systems (AS)...........................................................................................................................................165

Sessions and Peers.........................................................................................................................................................167

Establish a Session................................................................................................................................................... 167

Route Reectors.............................................................................................................................................................168

BGP Attributes................................................................................................................................................................169

Best Path Selection Criteria....................................................................................................................................169

Weight.........................................................................................................................................................................171

Local Preference........................................................................................................................................................171

Multi-Exit Discriminators (MEDs)...........................................................................................................................172

Origin..........................................................................................................................................................................173

AS Path...................................................................................................................................................................... 174

Next Hop....................................................................................................................................................................174

Multiprotocol BGP.......................................................................................................................................................... 174

Implement BGP with Dell Networking OS...................................................................................................................175

Additional Path (Add-Path) Support......................................................................................................................175

Advertise IGP Cost as MED for Redistributed Routes........................................................................................ 175

Ignore Router-ID in Best-Path Calculation............................................................................................................ 176

Four-Byte AS Numbers............................................................................................................................................176

AS4 Number Representation.................................................................................................................................. 176

AS Number Migration...............................................................................................................................................178

BGP4 Management Information Base (MIB)........................................................................................................179

Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 179

Conguration Information..............................................................................................................................................180

BGP Conguration......................................................................................................................................................... 180

Enabling BGP.............................................................................................................................................................181

Conguring AS4 Number Representations........................................................................................................... 184

Conguring Peer Groups.........................................................................................................................................186

Conguring BGP Fast Fall-Over.............................................................................................................................188

Conguring Passive Peering................................................................................................................................... 190

Maintaining Existing AS Numbers During an AS Migration.................................................................................190

Allowing an AS Number to Appear in its Own AS Path........................................................................................191

Enabling Graceful Restart........................................................................................................................................192

Enabling Neighbor Graceful Restart.......................................................................................................................193

Filtering on an AS-Path Attribute........................................................................................................................... 193

Regular Expressions as Filters.................................................................................................................................195

Redistributing Routes.............................................................................................................................................. 196

Enabling Additional Paths........................................................................................................................................ 197

Conguring IP Community Lists............................................................................................................................. 197

Conguring an IP Extended Community List........................................................................................................198

Filtering Routes with Community Lists..................................................................................................................199

Contents

7

Manipulating the COMMUNITY Attribute............................................................................................................200

Changing MED Attributes....................................................................................................................................... 201

Changing the LOCAL_PREFERENCE Attribute.................................................................................................. 201

Conguring the local System or a Dierent System to be the Next Hop for BGP-Learned Routes............ 202

Changing the WEIGHT Attribute...........................................................................................................................203

Enabling Multipath...................................................................................................................................................203

Filtering BGP Routes...............................................................................................................................................203

Filtering BGP Routes Using Route Maps..............................................................................................................205

Filtering BGP Routes Using AS-PATH Information............................................................................................. 205

Conguring BGP Route Reectors....................................................................................................................... 206

Aggregating Routes................................................................................................................................................. 207

Conguring BGP Confederations...........................................................................................................................207

Enabling Route Flap Dampening............................................................................................................................ 208

Changing BGP Timers............................................................................................................................................. 210

Enabling BGP Neighbor Soft-Reconguration..................................................................................................... 210

Enabling or disabling BGP neighbors...................................................................................................................... 211

Route Map Continue................................................................................................................................................213

Enabling MBGP Congurations.................................................................................................................................... 213

Congure IPv6 NH Automatically for IPv6 Prex Advertised over IPv4 Neighbor.......................................... 214

BGP Regular Expression Optimization.........................................................................................................................214

Debugging BGP.............................................................................................................................................................. 214

Storing Last and Bad PDUs.....................................................................................................................................215

Capturing PDUs........................................................................................................................................................216

PDU Counters........................................................................................................................................................... 217

Sample Congurations................................................................................................................................................... 217

10 Content Addressable Memory (CAM).......................................................................................................224

CAM Allocation...............................................................................................................................................................224

Test CAM Usage............................................................................................................................................................226

View CAM Proles.........................................................................................................................................................226

View CAM-ACL Settings...............................................................................................................................................227

View CAM Usage...........................................................................................................................................................229

CAM Optimization......................................................................................................................................................... 229

Troubleshoot CAM Proling..........................................................................................................................................229

QoS CAM Region Limitation...................................................................................................................................229

11 Control Plane Policing (CoPP).................................................................................................................. 230

Congure Control Plane Policing.................................................................................................................................. 231

Conguring CoPP for Protocols............................................................................................................................ 232

Conguring CoPP for CPU Queues...................................................................................................................... 234

CoPP for OSPFv3 Packets.....................................................................................................................................235

Conguring CoPP for OSPFv3.............................................................................................................................. 238

Displaying CoPP Conguration ............................................................................................................................. 238

12 Data Center Bridging (DCB)......................................................................................................................241

Ethernet Enhancements in Data Center Bridging...................................................................................................... 241

8

Contents

Priority-Based Flow Control................................................................................................................................... 242

Enhanced Transmission Selection..........................................................................................................................243

Data Center Bridging Exchange Protocol (DCBx)...............................................................................................244

Data Center Bridging in a Trac Flow...................................................................................................................245

Enabling Data Center Bridging.....................................................................................................................................245

DCB Maps and its Attributes..................................................................................................................................246

Data Center Bridging: Default Conguration..............................................................................................................247

Conguring Priority-Based Flow Control.................................................................................................................... 247

Conguring Lossless Queues................................................................................................................................. 248

Conguring PFC in a DCB Map................................................................................................................................... 249

PFC Conguration Notes........................................................................................................................................249

PFC Prerequisites and Restrictions.......................................................................................................................250

Applying a DCB Map on a Port....................................................................................................................................250

Conguring PFC without a DCB Map..........................................................................................................................251

Conguring Lossless QueuesExample:...................................................................................................................251

Priority-Based Flow Control Using Dynamic Buer Method....................................................................................253

Pause and Resume of Trac..................................................................................................................................253

Buer Sizes for Lossless or PFC Packets............................................................................................................ 253

Behavior of Tagged Packets.........................................................................................................................................254

Conguration Example for DSCP and PFC Priorities................................................................................................254

Using PFC to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac.................................................................................................. 255

Congure Enhanced Transmission Selection............................................................................................................. 255

ETS Prerequisites and Restrictions....................................................................................................................... 255

Creating an ETS Priority Group............................................................................................................................. 255

ETS Operation with DCBx...................................................................................................................................... 257

Conguring Bandwidth Allocation for DCBx CIN.................................................................................................257

Conguring ETS in a DCB Map..............................................................................................................................258

Hierarchical Scheduling in ETS Output Policies.........................................................................................................259

Using ETS to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac...................................................................................................260

Applying DCB Policies in a Switch Stack.................................................................................................................... 260

Congure a DCBx Operation........................................................................................................................................260

DCBx Operation.......................................................................................................................................................260

DCBx Port Roles.......................................................................................................................................................261

DCB Conguration Exchange................................................................................................................................ 262

Conguration Source Election................................................................................................................................262

Propagation of DCB Information............................................................................................................................263

Auto-Detection and Manual Conguration of the DCBx Version...................................................................... 263

DCBx Example..........................................................................................................................................................264

DCBx Prerequisites and Restrictions.....................................................................................................................264

Conguring DCBx....................................................................................................................................................264

Verifying the DCB Conguration................................................................................................................................. 268

Sample DCB Conguration...........................................................................................................................................276

PFC and ETS Conguration Command Examples...............................................................................................278

QoS dot1p Trac Classication and Queue Assignment.......................................................................................... 278

Conguring the Dynamic Buer Method....................................................................................................................279

Contents

9

13 Dynamic Host Conguration Protocol (DHCP)..........................................................................................281

DHCP Packet Format and Options.............................................................................................................................. 281

Assign an IP Address using DHCP...............................................................................................................................283

Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................284

Congure the System to be a DHCP Server..............................................................................................................284

Conguring the Server for Automatic Address Allocation..................................................................................285

Specifying a Default Gateway................................................................................................................................ 286

Congure a Method of Hostname Resolution..................................................................................................... 286

Using DNS for Address Resolution........................................................................................................................286

Using NetBIOS WINS for Address Resolution......................................................................................................287

Creating Manual Binding Entries............................................................................................................................287

Debugging the DHCP Server................................................................................................................................. 287

Using DHCP Clear Commands...............................................................................................................................288

Congure the System to be a Relay Agent................................................................................................................ 288

Congure the System to be a DHCP Client...............................................................................................................290

DHCP Client Operation with Other Features.......................................................................................................290

DHCP Client on a Management Interface.............................................................................................................291

Congure the System for User Port Stacking (Option 230)....................................................................................292

Congure Secure DHCP............................................................................................................................................... 292

Option 82..................................................................................................................................................................292

DHCP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................................293

Conguring the DHCP secondary-subnet............................................................................................................296

Drop DHCP Packets on Snooped VLANs Only....................................................................................................296

Dynamic ARP Inspection.........................................................................................................................................297

Conguring Dynamic ARP Inspection................................................................................................................... 298

Source Address Validation............................................................................................................................................ 299

Enabling IP Source Address Validation..................................................................................................................299

DHCP MAC Source Address Validation................................................................................................................ 300

Enabling IP+MAC Source Address Validation.......................................................................................................300

Viewing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets.................................................................................................... 301

Clearing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets....................................................................................................301

14 Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP)................................................................................................................ 302

ECMP for Flow-Based Anity.....................................................................................................................................302

Conguring the Hash Algorithm............................................................................................................................ 302

Enabling Deterministic ECMP Next Hop.............................................................................................................. 302

Conguring the Hash Algorithm Seed.................................................................................................................. 303

Link Bundle Monitoring................................................................................................................................................. 303

Managing ECMP Group Paths...............................................................................................................................304

Creating an ECMP Group Bundle..........................................................................................................................304

Modifying the ECMP Group Threshold................................................................................................................ 304

RTAG7.............................................................................................................................................................................305

Flow-based Hashing for ECMP................................................................................................................................... 306

15 FIP Snooping............................................................................................................................................309

10

Contents

Fibre Channel over Ethernet........................................................................................................................................309

Ensure Robustness in a Converged Ethernet Network............................................................................................309

FIP Snooping on Ethernet Bridges................................................................................................................................311

FIP Snooping in a Switch Stack....................................................................................................................................313

Using FIP Snooping........................................................................................................................................................ 313

FIP Snooping Prerequisites......................................................................................................................................313

Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 313

Enabling the FCoE Transit Feature.........................................................................................................................314

Enable FIP Snooping on VLANs............................................................................................................................. 315

Congure the FC-MAP Value................................................................................................................................. 315

Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-Bridge Link........................................................................................................315

Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-FCF Link............................................................................................................315

Impact on Other Software Features...................................................................................................................... 315

FIP Snooping Restrictions....................................................................................................................................... 316

Conguring FIP Snooping........................................................................................................................................316

Displaying FIP Snooping Information............................................................................................................................317

FCoE Transit Conguration Example...........................................................................................................................322

16 FIPS Cryptography...................................................................................................................................324

Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................................... 324

Preparing the System....................................................................................................................................................324

Enabling FIPS Mode...................................................................................................................................................... 325

Generating Host-Keys...................................................................................................................................................325

Monitoring FIPS Mode Status......................................................................................................................................325

Disabling FIPS Mode..................................................................................................................................................... 326

17 Force10 Resilient Ring Protocol (FRRP)....................................................................................................327

Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 327

Ring Status............................................................................................................................................................... 328

Multiple FRRP Rings................................................................................................................................................328

Important FRRP Points...........................................................................................................................................329

Important FRRP Concepts.....................................................................................................................................330

Implementing FRRP....................................................................................................................................................... 331

FRRP Conguration....................................................................................................................................................... 331

Creating the FRRP Group....................................................................................................................................... 331

Conguring the Control VLAN...............................................................................................................................332

Conguring and Adding the Member VLANs.......................................................................................................333

Setting the FRRP Timers........................................................................................................................................334

Clearing the FRRP Counters..................................................................................................................................334

Viewing the FRRP Conguration...........................................................................................................................334

Viewing the FRRP Information...............................................................................................................................334

Troubleshooting FRRP.................................................................................................................................................. 335

Conguration Checks..............................................................................................................................................335

Sample Conguration and Topology............................................................................................................................335

FRRP Support on VLT...................................................................................................................................................336

Example Scenario.....................................................................................................................................................337

Contents

11

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 338

18 GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP)..............................................................................................339

Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................... 339

Congure GVRP............................................................................................................................................................ 340

Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................340

Enabling GVRP Globally.................................................................................................................................................341

Enabling GVRP on a Layer 2 Interface.........................................................................................................................341

Congure GVRP Registration....................................................................................................................................... 341

Congure a GARP Timer.............................................................................................................................................. 342

RPM Redundancy..........................................................................................................................................................342

19 High Availability (HA)............................................................................................................................... 344

Component Redundancy.............................................................................................................................................. 344

RPM Redundancy....................................................................................................................................................344

Automatic and Manual Stack Unit Failover.......................................................................................................... 346

Support for RPM Redundancy by Dell Networking OS Version........................................................................ 347

Synchronization between Management and Standby Units.............................................................................. 347

Conguring RPM Redundancy...............................................................................................................................347

Online Insertion and Removal.......................................................................................................................................348

RPM Online Insertion and Removal.......................................................................................................................348

Linecard Online Insertion and Removal.................................................................................................................349

Hitless Behavior............................................................................................................................................................. 350

Graceful Restart............................................................................................................................................................ 350

Software Resiliency........................................................................................................................................................351

Software Component Health Monitoring.............................................................................................................. 351

System Health Monitoring.......................................................................................................................................351

Failure and Event Logging....................................................................................................................................... 351

Hot-Lock Behavior.........................................................................................................................................................352

Process Restartability....................................................................................................................................................352

Enabling Process Restartability..............................................................................................................................352

20 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP).........................................................................................354

IGMP Implementation Information.............................................................................................................................. 354

IGMP Protocol Overview..............................................................................................................................................354

IGMP Version 2........................................................................................................................................................ 354

IGMP Version 3........................................................................................................................................................356

Congure IGMP............................................................................................................................................................. 359

Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................359

Viewing IGMP Enabled Interfaces...............................................................................................................................360

Selecting an IGMP Version...........................................................................................................................................360

Viewing IGMP Groups...................................................................................................................................................360

Adjusting Timers............................................................................................................................................................. 361

Adjusting Query and Response Timers..................................................................................................................361

Enabling IGMP Immediate-Leave.................................................................................................................................362

IGMP Snooping..............................................................................................................................................................362

12

Contents

IGMP Snooping Implementation Information....................................................................................................... 362

Conguring IGMP Snooping...................................................................................................................................362

Removing a Group-Port Association.....................................................................................................................363

Disabling Multicast Flooding...................................................................................................................................363

Specifying a Port as Connected to a Multicast Router...................................................................................... 364

Conguring the Switch as Querier........................................................................................................................ 364

Fast Convergence after MSTP Topology Changes...................................................................................................365

Egress Interface Selection (EIS) for HTTP and IGMP Applications........................................................................365

Protocol Separation.................................................................................................................................................365

Enabling and Disabling Management Egress Interface Selection...................................................................... 366

Handling of Management Route Conguration................................................................................................... 367

Handling of Switch-Initiated Trac....................................................................................................................... 368

Handling of Switch-Destined Trac......................................................................................................................368

Handling of Transit Trac (Trac Separation).................................................................................................... 369

Mapping of Management Applications and Trac Type.....................................................................................369

Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Initiated Trac ............................................................................ 370

Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Destined Trac ............................................................................371

Interworking of EIS With Various Applications..................................................................................................... 372

Designating a Multicast Router Interface................................................................................................................... 372

21 Interfaces................................................................................................................................................. 374

Basic Interface Conguration....................................................................................................................................... 374

Advanced Interface Conguration............................................................................................................................... 374

Interface Types...............................................................................................................................................................375

View Basic Interface Information................................................................................................................................. 375

Resetting an Interface to its Factory Default State................................................................................................... 377

Enabling Energy Ecient Ethernet..............................................................................................................................378

View EEE Information....................................................................................................................................................378

Clear EEE Counters.......................................................................................................................................................382

Enabling a Physical Interface........................................................................................................................................383

Physical Interfaces.........................................................................................................................................................383

Conguration Task List for Physical Interfaces.................................................................................................... 384

Overview of Layer Modes...................................................................................................................................... 384

Conguring Layer 2 (Data Link) Mode..................................................................................................................384

Conguring Layer 2 (Interface) Mode.................................................................................................................. 385

Conguring Layer 3 (Network) Mode...................................................................................................................385

Conguring Layer 3 (Interface) Mode.................................................................................................................. 386

Egress Interface Selection (EIS)..................................................................................................................................386

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 386

Conguring EIS.........................................................................................................................................................387

Management Interfaces................................................................................................................................................387

Conguring Management Interfaces.....................................................................................................................387

Conguring a Management Interface on an Ethernet Port............................................................................... 389

VLAN Interfaces............................................................................................................................................................ 389

Loopback Interfaces......................................................................................................................................................390

Null Interfaces.................................................................................................................................................................391

Contents

13

Port Channel Interfaces.................................................................................................................................................391

Port Channel Denition and Standards..................................................................................................................391

Port Channel Benets..............................................................................................................................................391

Port Channel Implementation................................................................................................................................. 391

Interfaces in Port Channels.................................................................................................................................... 392

Conguration Tasks for Port Channel Interfaces.................................................................................................392

Creating a Port Channel..........................................................................................................................................393

Adding a Physical Interface to a Port Channel.....................................................................................................393

Reassigning an Interface to a New Port Channel................................................................................................395

Conguring the Minimum Oper Up Links in a Port Channel.............................................................................. 395

Adding or Removing a Port Channel from a VLAN............................................................................................. 396

Assigning an IP Address to a Port Channel...........................................................................................................397

Deleting or Disabling a Port Channel..................................................................................................................... 397

Load Balancing Through Port Channels................................................................................................................397

Changing the Hash Algorithm................................................................................................................................398

Bulk Conguration......................................................................................................................................................... 399

Interface Range....................................................................................................................................................... 399

Bulk Conguration Examples..................................................................................................................................399

Dening Interface Range Macros.................................................................................................................................401

Dene the Interface Range.....................................................................................................................................401

Choosing an Interface-Range Macro.....................................................................................................................401

Monitoring and Maintaining Interfaces........................................................................................................................ 401

Maintenance Using TDR......................................................................................................................................... 402

Conguring wavelength for 10–Gigabit SFP+ optics................................................................................................403

Link Dampening..............................................................................................................................................................403

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 404

Enabling Link Dampening........................................................................................................................................404

Link Bundle Monitoring................................................................................................................................................. 405

Using Ethernet Pause Frames for Flow Control........................................................................................................ 406

Enabling Pause Frames........................................................................................................................................... 407

Congure the MTU Size on an Interface.................................................................................................................... 407

Port-Pipes.......................................................................................................................................................................408

Auto-Negotiation on Ethernet Interfaces...................................................................................................................408

Setting the Speed of Ethernet Interfaces............................................................................................................408

Set Auto-Negotiation Options................................................................................................................................ 410

View Advanced Interface Information..........................................................................................................................410

Conguring the Interface Sampling Size................................................................................................................411

Conguring the Trac Sampling Size Globally........................................................................................................... 412

Dynamic Counters.......................................................................................................................................................... 413

Clearing Interface Counters.................................................................................................................................... 414

Compressing Conguration Files.................................................................................................................................. 414

22 Internet Protocol Security (IPSec)........................................................................................................... 418

Conguring IPSec ..........................................................................................................................................................418

23 IPv4 Routing............................................................................................................................................420

14

Contents

IP Addresses....................................................................................................................................................................421

Implementation Information.................................................................................................................................... 421

Conguration Tasks for IP Addresses.......................................................................................................................... 421

Assigning IP Addresses to an Interface........................................................................................................................421

Conguring Static Routes.............................................................................................................................................422

Congure Static Routes for the Management Interface.......................................................................................... 423

IPv4 Path MTU Discovery Overview...........................................................................................................................424

Using the Congured Source IP Address in ICMP Messages..................................................................................424

Conguring the ICMP Source Interface................................................................................................................424

Conguring the Duration to Establish a TCP Connection........................................................................................ 425

Enabling Directed Broadcast........................................................................................................................................ 425

Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................................................425

Enabling Dynamic Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................426

Specifying the Local System Domain and a List of Domains................................................................................... 426

Conguring DNS with Traceroute................................................................................................................................427

ARP..................................................................................................................................................................................427

Conguration Tasks for ARP........................................................................................................................................ 428

Conguring Static ARP Entries....................................................................................................................................428

Enabling Proxy ARP.......................................................................................................................................................428

Clearing ARP Cache......................................................................................................................................................429

ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................................429

Enabling ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................429

ARP Learning via ARP Request................................................................................................................................... 429

Conguring ARP Retries...............................................................................................................................................430

ICMP................................................................................................................................................................................ 431

Conguration Tasks for ICMP.......................................................................................................................................431

Enabling ICMP Unreachable Messages....................................................................................................................... 431

UDP Helper......................................................................................................................................................................431

Congure UDP Helper............................................................................................................................................. 431

Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................432

Enabling UDP Helper.....................................................................................................................................................432

Conguring a Broadcast Address................................................................................................................................ 432

Congurations Using UDP Helper............................................................................................................................... 433

UDP Helper with Broadcast-All Addresses.................................................................................................................433

UDP Helper with Subnet Broadcast Addresses.........................................................................................................434

UDP Helper with Congured Broadcast Addresses.................................................................................................. 434

UDP Helper with No Congured Broadcast Addresses............................................................................................435

Troubleshooting UDP Helper........................................................................................................................................435

24 IPv6 Routing............................................................................................................................................ 436

Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................436

Extended Address Space........................................................................................................................................437

Stateless Autoconguration....................................................................................................................................437

IPv6 Headers............................................................................................................................................................ 437

IPv6 Header Fields...................................................................................................................................................438

Extension Header Fields..........................................................................................................................................440

Contents

15

Addressing.................................................................................................................................................................441

Implementing IPv6 with Dell Networking OS............................................................................................................. 442

ICMPv6...........................................................................................................................................................................443

Path MTU Discovery..................................................................................................................................................... 444

IPv6 Neighbor Discovery.............................................................................................................................................. 444

IPv6 Neighbor Discovery of MTU Packets...........................................................................................................445

Conguration Task List for IPv6 RDNSS.................................................................................................................... 445

Conguring the IPv6 Recursive DNS Server....................................................................................................... 445

Debugging IPv6 RDNSS Information Sent to the Host .....................................................................................446

Displaying IPv6 RDNSS Information......................................................................................................................447

Secure Shell (SSH) Over an IPv6 Transport.............................................................................................................. 447

Conguration Tasks for IPv6........................................................................................................................................ 448

Adjusting Your CAM-Prole....................................................................................................................................448

Assigning an IPv6 Address to an Interface...........................................................................................................449

Assigning a Static IPv6 Route................................................................................................................................449

Conguring Telnet with IPv6..................................................................................................................................450

SNMP over IPv6......................................................................................................................................................450

Displaying IPv6 Information....................................................................................................................................450

Displaying an IPv6 Interface Information............................................................................................................... 451

Showing IPv6 Routes...............................................................................................................................................451

Showing the Running-Conguration for an Interface.........................................................................................453

Clearing IPv6 Routes...............................................................................................................................................453

Disabling ND Entry Timeout................................................................................................................................... 453

Conguring IPv6 RA Guard.......................................................................................................................................... 454

Conguring IPv6 RA Guard on an Interface.........................................................................................................455

Monitoring IPv6 RA Guard..................................................................................................................................... 456

25 iSCSI Optimization...................................................................................................................................457

iSCSI Optimization Overview....................................................................................................................................... 457

Monitoring iSCSI Trac Flows...............................................................................................................................459

Application of Quality of Service to iSCSI Trac Flows..................................................................................... 459

Information Monitored in iSCSI Trac Flows.......................................................................................................459

Detection and Auto-Conguration for Dell EqualLogic Arrays...........................................................................460

Conguring Detection and Ports for Dell Compellent Arrays.............................................................................460

Synchronizing iSCSI Sessions Learned on VLT-Lags with VLT-Peer..................................................................461

Enable and Disable iSCSI Optimization..................................................................................................................461

Default iSCSI Optimization Values...............................................................................................................................462

iSCSI Optimization Prerequisites................................................................................................................................. 462

Conguring iSCSI Optimization....................................................................................................................................462

Displaying iSCSI Optimization Information..................................................................................................................464

26 Intermediate System to Intermediate System.......................................................................................... 466

IS-IS Protocol Overview............................................................................................................................................... 466

IS-IS Addressing.............................................................................................................................................................466

Multi-Topology IS-IS.......................................................................................................................................................467

Transition Mode........................................................................................................................................................467

16

Contents

Interface Support.....................................................................................................................................................468

Adjacencies...............................................................................................................................................................468

Graceful Restart.............................................................................................................................................................468

Timers....................................................................................................................................................................... 468

Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................468

Conguration Information.............................................................................................................................................469

Conguration Tasks for IS-IS..................................................................................................................................470

Conguring the Distance of a Route..................................................................................................................... 477

Changing the IS-Type.............................................................................................................................................. 478

Redistributing IPv4 Routes.....................................................................................................................................480

Redistributing IPv6 Routes......................................................................................................................................481

Conguring Authentication Passwords.................................................................................................................482

Setting the Overload Bit......................................................................................................................................... 482

Debugging IS-IS....................................................................................................................................................... 483

IS-IS Metric Styles.........................................................................................................................................................484

Congure Metric Values................................................................................................................................................484

Maximum Values in the Routing Table.................................................................................................................. 484

Change the IS-IS Metric Style in One Level Only................................................................................................484

Leaks from One Level to Another..........................................................................................................................486

Sample Congurations.................................................................................................................................................. 487

27 Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP)...............................................................................................489

Introduction to Dynamic LAGs and LACP.................................................................................................................. 489

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 489

LACP Modes............................................................................................................................................................ 490

Conguring LACP Commands...............................................................................................................................490

LACP Conguration Tasks.............................................................................................................................................491

Creating a LAG......................................................................................................................................................... 491

Conguring the LAG Interfaces as Dynamic.........................................................................................................491

Setting the LACP Long Timeout............................................................................................................................492

Monitoring and Debugging LACP..........................................................................................................................492

Shared LAG State Tracking.......................................................................................................................................... 493

Conguring Shared LAG State Tracking............................................................................................................... 493

Important Points about Shared LAG State Tracking...........................................................................................495

LACP Basic Conguration Example............................................................................................................................ 495

Congure a LAG on ALPHA................................................................................................................................... 495

28 Layer 2.................................................................................................................................................... 504

Manage the MAC Address Table................................................................................................................................. 504

Clearing the MAC Address Table...........................................................................................................................504

Setting the Aging Time for Dynamic Entries........................................................................................................504

Conguring a Static MAC Address....................................................................................................................... 505

Displaying the MAC Address Table........................................................................................................................505

MAC Learning Limit.......................................................................................................................................................505

Setting the MAC Learning Limit............................................................................................................................ 506

mac learning-limit Dynamic.................................................................................................................................... 506

Contents

17

mac learning-limit mac-address-sticky................................................................................................................. 506

mac learning-limit station-move.............................................................................................................................507

mac learning-limit no-station-move.......................................................................................................................507

Learning Limit Violation Actions............................................................................................................................. 507

Setting Station Move Violation Actions................................................................................................................ 508

Recovering from Learning Limit and Station Move Violations...........................................................................508

Disabling MAC Address Learning on the System................................................................................................ 509

NIC Teaming...................................................................................................................................................................509

Congure Redundant Pairs........................................................................................................................................... 510

Important Points about Conguring Redundant Pairs......................................................................................... 512

Far-End Failure Detection..............................................................................................................................................513

FEFD State Changes................................................................................................................................................514

Conguring FEFD.....................................................................................................................................................515

Enabling FEFD on an Interface............................................................................................................................... 515

Debugging FEFD.......................................................................................................................................................516

29 Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)......................................................................................................518

802.1AB (LLDP) Overview............................................................................................................................................ 518

Protocol Data Units.................................................................................................................................................. 518

Optional TLVs..................................................................................................................................................................519

Management TLVs................................................................................................................................................... 519

TIA-1057 (LLDP-MED) Overview................................................................................................................................. 521

TIA Organizationally Specic TLVs.........................................................................................................................521

Congure LLDP............................................................................................................................................................. 525

Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................525

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 525

LLDP Compatibility..................................................................................................................................................526

CONFIGURATION versus INTERFACE Congurations............................................................................................ 526

Enabling LLDP................................................................................................................................................................526

Disabling and Undoing LLDP.................................................................................................................................. 527

Advertising TLVs............................................................................................................................................................ 527

Viewing the LLDP Conguration................................................................................................................................. 528

Viewing Information Advertised by Adjacent LLDP Agents..................................................................................... 528

Conguring LLDPDU Intervals.....................................................................................................................................529

Conguring Transmit and Receive Mode................................................................................................................... 530

Conguring the Time to Live Value.............................................................................................................................. 531

Debugging LLDP.............................................................................................................................................................531

Relevant Management Objects................................................................................................................................... 532

30 Microsoft Network Load Balancing.......................................................................................................... 538

NLB Unicast Mode Scenario........................................................................................................................................538

NLB Multicast Mode Scenario.....................................................................................................................................538

Limitations of the NLB Feature....................................................................................................................................539

Microsoft Clustering......................................................................................................................................................539

Enable and Disable VLAN Flooding ............................................................................................................................ 539

Conguring a Switch for NLB .....................................................................................................................................539

18

Contents

Enabling a Switch for Multicast NLB.................................................................................................................... 540

31 Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP).......................................................................................... 541

Protocol Overview..........................................................................................................................................................541

Anycast RP.....................................................................................................................................................................542

Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................543

Congure Multicast Source Discovery Protocol........................................................................................................543

Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................543

Enable MSDP................................................................................................................................................................. 547

Manage the Source-Active Cache.............................................................................................................................. 548

Viewing the Source-Active Cache.........................................................................................................................548

Limiting the Source-Active Cache.........................................................................................................................548

Clearing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................549

Enabling the Rejected Source-Active Cache....................................................................................................... 549

Accept Source-Active Messages that Fail the RFP Check......................................................................................549

Specifying Source-Active Messages...........................................................................................................................552

Limiting the Source-Active Messages from a Peer...................................................................................................553

Preventing MSDP from Caching a Local Source.......................................................................................................553

Preventing MSDP from Caching a Remote Source.................................................................................................. 554

Preventing MSDP from Advertising a Local Source................................................................................................. 554

Logging Changes in Peership States.......................................................................................................................... 555

Terminating a Peership..................................................................................................................................................555

Clearing Peer Statistics.................................................................................................................................................556

Debugging MSDP..........................................................................................................................................................556

MSDP with Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................557

Conguring Anycast RP............................................................................................................................................... 558

Reducing Source-Active Message Flooding........................................................................................................ 559

Specifying the RP Address Used in SA Messages..............................................................................................559

MSDP Sample Congurations...................................................................................................................................... 561

32 Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP)................................................................................................ 564

Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................564

Spanning Tree Variations.............................................................................................................................................. 565

Implementation Information................................................................................................................................... 565

Congure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol................................................................................................................565

Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................566

Enable Multiple Spanning Tree Globally...................................................................................................................... 566

Adding and Removing Interfaces.................................................................................................................................566

Creating Multiple Spanning Tree Instances................................................................................................................ 567

Inuencing MSTP Root Selection................................................................................................................................568

Interoperate with Non-Dell Bridges.............................................................................................................................568

Changing the Region Name or Revision.....................................................................................................................569

Modifying Global Parameters.......................................................................................................................................569

Modifying the Interface Parameters............................................................................................................................570

Conguring an EdgePort............................................................................................................................................... 571

Flush MAC Addresses after a Topology Change........................................................................................................572

Contents

19

MSTP Sample Congurations...................................................................................................................................... 572

Router 1 Running-CongurationRouter 2 Running-CongurationRouter 3 Running-

CongurationSFTOS Example Running-Conguration....................................................................................... 573

Debugging and Verifying MSTP Congurations........................................................................................................ 576

33 Multicast Features................................................................................................................................... 578

Enabling IP Multicast.....................................................................................................................................................578

Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................578

Multicast Policies........................................................................................................................................................... 579

IPv4 Multicast Policies............................................................................................................................................ 579

Understanding Multicast Traceroute (mtrace).......................................................................................................... 586

Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................587

Printing Multicast Traceroute (mtrace) Paths............................................................................................................587

Supported Error Codes.................................................................................................................................................588

mtrace Scenarios...........................................................................................................................................................589

34 Object Tracking....................................................................................................................................... 595

Object Tracking Overview............................................................................................................................................ 595

Track Layer 2 Interfaces......................................................................................................................................... 596

Track Layer 3 Interfaces......................................................................................................................................... 596

Track IPv4 and IPv6 Routes................................................................................................................................... 597

Set Tracking Delays................................................................................................................................................. 598

VRRP Object Tracking............................................................................................................................................ 598

Object Tracking Conguration..................................................................................................................................... 598

Tracking a Layer 2 Interface................................................................................................................................... 598

Tracking a Layer 3 Interface................................................................................................................................... 599

Track an IPv4/IPv6 Route.......................................................................................................................................601

Displaying Tracked Objects...........................................................................................................................................604

35 Open Shortest Path First (OSPFv2 and OSPFv3)................................................................................... 606

Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................606

Autonomous System (AS) Areas........................................................................................................................... 606

Area Types................................................................................................................................................................ 607

Networks and Neighbors........................................................................................................................................608

Router Types............................................................................................................................................................ 608

Designated and Backup Designated Routers........................................................................................................610

Link-State Advertisements (LSAs).........................................................................................................................610

Router Priority and Cost.......................................................................................................................................... 611

OSPF with Dell Networking OS....................................................................................................................................612

Graceful Restart....................................................................................................................................................... 613

Fast Convergence (OSPFv2, IPv4 Only)...............................................................................................................614

Multi-Process OSPFv2 with VRF...........................................................................................................................614

RFC-2328 Compliant OSPF Flooding.................................................................................................................... 614

OSPF ACK Packing..................................................................................................................................................615

Setting OSPF Adjacency with Cisco Routers.......................................................................................................615

Conguration Information..............................................................................................................................................616

20

Contents

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Dell PowerSwitch S4820T User guide

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