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36-007-07 Rev. 0A
RS Switch Router
User Guide
Release 8.0
ii Riverstone Networks RS Switch Router User Guide Release 8.0
COPYRIGHT NOTICES
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Riverstone Networks RS Switch Router User Guide Release 8.0 iii
REGULATORY COMPLIANCE INFORMATION
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SAFETY
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REGULATORY COMPLIANCE STATEMENTS
Note
Complies with Part 68, FCC rules.
FCC Registration Number 6TGUSA-46505-DE-N
Riverstone Networks, Inc.
Model WICT1-12
Made in U.S.A.
FCC COMPLIANCE STATEMENT
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Note
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A
digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC rules. These limits are designed to
provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is
operated in a commercial environment. This equipment uses, generates, and can
radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed in accordance with the
operator’s manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications.
Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause interference in
which case the user will be required to correct the interference at his own expense.
iv Riverstone Networks RS Switch Router User Guide Release 8.0
Warning
Changes or modifications made to this device that are not expressly approved
by the party responsible for compliance could void the user’s authority to
operate the equipment.
INDUSTRY CANADA COMPLIANCE STATEMENT
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Riverstone Networks RS Switch Router User Guide Release 8.0 v
VCCI COMPLIANCE STATEMENT
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SAFETY INFORMATION: CLASS 1 LASER TRANSCEIVERS
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vi Riverstone Networks RS Switch Router User Guide Release 8.0
SAFETY INFORMATION: WICT1-12 T1 CARD
Warning
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CONSUMER INFORMATION AND FCC REQUIREMENTS
1.
This equipment complies with Part 68 of the FCC rules, FCC Registration Number
6TGUSA-46505-DE-N Riverstone Networks Inc. Model WICT1-12 Made in the USA. On the
DS1/E1 WAN Module of this equipment is a label that contains, among other information, the FCC
registration number and Ringer Equivalence Number (REN) for this equipment. If requested,
provide this information to your telephone company.
2.
The REN is useful to determine the quantity of devices you may connect to your telephone and still
have all those devices ring when your number is called. In most, but not all areas, the sum of the
REN's of all devices should not exceed five (5.0). To be certain of the number of devices you may
connect to your line, as determined by the REN, you should call your local telephone company to
determine the maximum REN for your calling area.
3.
If your DS1/E1 WAN Module causes harm to the telephone network, the Telephone Company may
discontinue your service temporarily. If possible, they will notify you in advance. But if advance
notice isn't practical, you will be notified as soon as possible. You will be advised of your right to
file a complaint with the FCC.
4.
Your telephone company may make changes in its facilities, equipment, operations, or procedures
that could affect the proper operation of your equipment. If they do, you will be given advance
notice so as to give you an opportunity to maintain uninterrupted service.
5.
If you experience trouble with this equipment DS1/E1 WAN Module, please contact Riverstone
Networks Inc., 5200 Great America Parkway, Santa Clara, CA 95054, 408 878-6500, for
repair/warranty information. The Telephone Company may ask you to disconnect this equipment
from the network until the problem has been corrected or you are sure that the equipment is not
malfunctioning.
6.
There are no repairs that can be made by the customer to the DS1/E1 WAN Module.
7.
This equipment may not be used on coin service provided by the Telephone Company. Connection
to party lines is subject to state tariffs. (Contact your state public utility commission or corporation
commission for information).
EQUIPMENT ATTACHMENT LIMITATIONS NOTICE
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viii Riverstone Networks RS Switch Router User Guide Release 8.0
RIVERSTONE NETWORKS, INC.
STANDARD SOFTWARE LICENSE AGREEMENT
IMPORTANT: BEFORE UTILIZING THE PRODUCT, CAREFULLY READ THIS LICENSE
AGREEMENT.
This document is a legal agreement ("Agreement") between You, the end user, and Riverstone Networks, Inc. ("Riverstone"). BY
USING THE ENCLOSED SOFTWARE PRODUCT, YOU ARE AGREEING TO BE BOUND BY THE TERMS AND CONDI-
TIONS OF THIS AGREEMENT AND THE RIVERSTONE STANDARD LIMITED WARRANTY, WHICH IS INCORPO-
RATED HEREIN BY REFERENCE. IF YOU DO NOT AGREE TO THE TERMS OF THIS AGREEMENT, RETURN THE
UNOPENED LICENSED MATERIALS, ALONG WITH THE HARDWARE PURCHASED IF PROVIDED ON SUCH HARD-
WARE, AND PROOF OF PAYMENT TO RIVERSTONE OR YOUR DEALER, IF ANY, WITHIN THIRTY (30) DAYS FROM
THE DATE OF PURCHASE FOR A FULL REFUND.
The parties further agree that this Agreement is between You and Riverstone, and creates no obligations to You on the part of Riv-
erstone's affiliates, subcontractors, or suppliers. You expressly relinquish any rights as a third party beneficiary to any agreements
between Riverstone and such parties, and waive any and all rights or claims against any such third party.
1. GRANT OF SOFTWARE LICENSE. Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, Riverstone grants You the right
on a non-exclusive, basis for internal purposes only and only as expressly permitted by this Agreement
a. to use the enclosed software program (the "Licensed Software") in object code form on a single processing unit owned or
leased by You or otherwise use the software as embedded in equipment provided by Riverstone;
b. to use the Licensed Software on any replacement for that processing unit or equipment;
c. to use any related documentation (collectively with the Licensed Software the "Licensed Materials"), provided that You
may not copy the documentation;
d. to make copies of the Licensed Software in only the amount necessary for backup or archival purposes, or to replace a
defective copy; provided that You (i) have not more than two (2) total copies of the Licensed Software including the
original media without Riverstone's prior written consent, (ii) You operate no more than one copy of the Licensed
Software, (iii) and You retain all copyright, trademark and other proprietary notices on the copy.
2. RESTRICTION AGAINST COPYING OR MODIFYING LICENSED MATERIALS. All rights not expressly granted
herein are reserved by Riverstone or its suppliers or licensors. Without limiting the foregoing, You agree
a. to maintain appropriate records of the location of the original media and all copies of the Licensed Software, in whole or
in part, made by You;
b. not to use, copy or modify the Licensed Materials, in whole or in part, except as expressly provided in this Agreement;
c. not to decompile, disassemble, electronically transfer, or reverse engineer the Licensed Software, or to translate the
Licensed Software into another computer language; provided that, if You are located within a Member State of the
European community, then such activities shall be permitted solely to the extent, if any, permitted under Article 6 of the
Council Directive of 14 May 1991 on the legal protection of computer programs, and implementing legislations
thereunder.
3. TERM AND TRANSFER. You may transfer the License Materials with a copy of this Agreement to another party only on
a permanent basis in connection with the transfer to the same party of the equipment on which it is used, and only if the other
party accepts the terms and conditions of this Agreement. Upon such transfer, You must transfer all accompanying written
materials, and either transfer or destroy all copies of the Software. Any attempted transfer not permitted by this Agreement is
void. You may not lease or rent the License Materials. This Agreement is effective until terminated. You may terminate the
Agreement at any time by destroying or purging all copies of the Licensed Materials. This Agreement will terminate
automatically without notice from Riverstone if You fail to comply with any provision of this Agreement. Upon such
termination, You must destroy the Licensed Materials as set forth above. Sections 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 shall survive
termination of this Agreement for any reason.
4. TITLE AND PROPRIETARY RIGHTS.
(a) The Licensed Materials are copyrighted works and/or trade secrets of Riverstone and are the sole and exclusive property
of Riverstone, any company or a division thereof which Riverstone controls or is controlled by, or which may result from
the merger or consolidation with Riverstone (its "Affiliates"), and/or their suppliers. This Agreement conveys a limited
right to operate the Licensed Materials and shall not be construed to convey title to the Licensed Materials to You.
(b) You acknowledge that in the event of a breach of this Agreement, Riverstone shall suffer severe and irreparable damages
for which monetary compensation alone will be inadequate. You agree that in the event of a breach of this Agreement,
Riverstone shall be entitled to monetary damages and its reasonable attorney's fees and costs in enforcing this Agreement,
as well as injunctive relief to restrain such breach, in addition to any other remedies available to Riverstone.
Riverstone Networks RS Switch Router User Guide Release 8.0 ix
5. MAINTENANCE AND UPDATES. Updates, upgrades, bug fixes, and maintenance and support services, if any, are
provided to You pursuant to the terms of a Riverstone Service and Maintenance Agreement, and only if Riverstone and You
enter into such an agreement. Except as specifically set forth in such agreement, Riverstone is under no obligation to provide
any updates, upgrades, patches, bug fixes, modifications, enhancements, or maintenance or support services to You.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, if you are provided or obtain any software or documentation of Riverstone, which is not
otherwise provided under a license from Riverstone, then Your use of such materials shall be subject to the terms of this
Riverstone Networks, Inc. Software License Agreement.
6. EXPORT REQUIREMENTS. Licensed Software, including technical data, is subject to U.S. export control laws, including
the U.S. Export Administration Act and its associated regulations, and may be subject to export or import regulations in other
countries. You agree to comply strictly with all such regulations and acknowledge that you have the responsibility to obtain
licenses to export, re-export or import Licensed Materials.
7. UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT RESTRICTED RIGHTS. The Licensed Materials are provided with RESTRICTED
RIGHTS. Use, duplication or disclosure of the Licensed Materials and accompanying documentation by the U.S. Government
is subject to restrictions as set forth in this Agreement and as provided in DFARS 227.7202-1(a) and 227.7202-3(a) (1995),
DRAS 252.227-7013(c)(ii) (OCT 1988), FAR 12.212(a)(1995), FAR 52.227-19, or FAR 52.227-14 (ALT III), as applicable.
Riverstone Networks, Inc.
8. LIMITED WARRANTY. The sole warranty provided under this Agreement and with respect to the Licensed Materials is set
forth in Riverstone's Standard Limited Warranty, which is incorporated herein by reference. THE RIVERSTONE
STANDARD LIMITED WARRANTY CONTAINS IMPORTANT LIMITS ON YOUR WARRANTY RIGHTS. THE
WARRANTIES AND LIABILITIES SET FORTH IN THE STANDARD LIMITED WARRANTY ARE EXCLUSIVE AND
ESTABLISH RIVERSTONE'S ONLY OBLIGATIONS AND YOUR SOLE RIGHTS WITH RESPECT TO THE LICENSED
MATERIALS AND THIS AGREEMENT. ALL EXPRESS OR IMPLIED CONDITIONS, REPRESENTATIONS AND
WARRANTIES INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF
MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, SATISFACTORY QUALITY, NONINFRINGEMENT
OR ARISING FROM A COURSE OF DEALING, USAGE, OR TRADE PRACTICE, ARE HEREBY EXCLUDED TO THE
EXTENT ALLOWED BY APPLICABLE LAW.
9. LIMITATION OF LIABILITY. Your exclusive remedy for any claim in connection with the Licensed Materials and the
entire liability of Riverstone are set forth in the Riverstone Standard Limited Warranty. Except to the extent provided there, if
any, IN NO EVENT WILL RIVERSTONE OR ITS AFFILIATES OR SUPPLIERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY LOSS OF USE,
INTERRUPTION OF BUSINESS, LOST PROFITS OR LOST DATA, OR ANY INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR
CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OF ANY KIND, REGARDLESS OF THE FORM OF ACTION, WHETHER IN
CONTRACT, TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE), STRICT LIABILITY OR OTHERWISE, EVEN IF RIVERSTONE OR
ITS AFFILIATE OR SUPPLIER HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE, AND WHETHER
OR NOT ANY REMEDY PROVIDED SHOULD FAIL OF ITS ESSENTIAL PURPOSE. THE TOTAL CUMULATIVE
LIABILITY TO YOU, FROM ALL CAUSES OF ACTION AND ALL THEORIES OF LIABILITY, WILL BE LIMITED TO
AND WILL NOT EXCEED THE PURCHASE PRICE OF THE LICENSED MATERIALS PAID BY YOU. YOU
ACKNOWLEDGE THAT THE AMOUNT PAID FOR THE LICENSED MATERIALS REFLECTS THIS ALLOCATION
OF RISK.
10. GENERAL. The provisions of the Agreement are severable and if any one or more of the provisions hereof are illegal or
otherwise unenforceable, in whole or in part, the remaining provisions of this Agreement shall nevertheless be binding on and
enforceable by and between the parties hereto. Riverstone's waiver of any right shall not constitute waiver of that right in
future. This Agreement (including the documents it incorporates) constitutes the entire understanding between the parties with
respect to the subject matter hereof, and all prior agreements, representations, statements and undertakings, oral or written, are
hereby expressly superseded and canceled. No purchase order shall supersede this Agreement. The rights and obligations of
the parties to this Agreement shall be governed and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of California, excluding
the UN Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods and that body of law known as conflicts of laws. Any
dispute in connection with the Licensed Materials will be resolved in state or federal courts located in Santa Clara County,
California, U.S.A.. You consent to the personal jurisdiction of and waive any objections to venue in such courts.
x Riverstone Networks RS Switch Router User Guide Release 8.0
STANDARD LIMITED WARRANTY
Limited Warranty
Riverstone Networks, Inc. (“Riverstone”) warrants that for a period of one (1) year from the date of shipment from
Riverstone that the Riverstone hardware purchased by Customer (“Hardware”) will be free from defects in materials
and workmanship under normal use. This limited warranty extends only to Customer as original purchaser. Cus-
tomer’s sole and exclusive remedy and the entire liability of Riverstone, its suppliers and affiliates under this war-
ranty is, at Riverstone’s option, either (i) repair of the Hardware, (ii) replacement of the Hardware, or (iii) refund of
the purchase price of the Hardware (as evidenced by a copy of Customer’s purchase receipt), less any rebates or cred-
its.
Riverstone warrants that for a period of one (1) year from the date of shipment from Riverstone that the media on
which the Riverstone software purchased by Customer (“Software”) is furnished will be free from defects in materi-
als and workmanship under normal use. This limited warranty extends only to Customer as original licensee. Cus-
tomer’s sole and exclusive remedy and the entire liability of Riverstone, its suppliers and affiliates under this
warranty is replacement of the media on which the Software is furnished. Riverstone makes no warranty with respect
to the Software, and specifically disclaims any warranty that the Software is error free or that Customer will be able
to operate the Software without problems or interruptions.
Restrictions. No warranty will apply if the Hardware and/or Software (collectively, “Product”) (i) has been altered,
except by Riverstone; (ii) has not been installed, operated, repaired, or maintained in accordance with instructions
supplied by Riverstone; or (iii) has been subjected to abnormal physical, thermal or electrical stress, misuse, negli-
gence, or accident. In addition, Products are not designed or intended for use in (i) the design, construction, operation
or maintenance of any nuclear facility, (ii) navigating or operating aircraft; or (iii) operating life-support or life-criti-
cal medical equipment, and Riverstone disclaims any express or implied warranty of fitness for such uses.
Warranty Service Procedures
Customer must notify Riverstone of any defect in the Product within the applicable warranty period and provide
dated proof of original purchase prior to the return of any defective Product. Within ten (10) business days of the date
of notification, Riverstone will provide Customer with a Return Material Authorization (“RMA”) number and the
location to which Customer must return the defective Product. Customer is responsible for proper packaging of Prod-
uct returned to Riverstone, including description of the failure, shipment to Riverstone’s designated location, and
return of Product within ten (10) days after issuance of the RMA number. In no event will Riverstone accept any
returned Product which does not have a valid RMA number. Customer’s failure to return Product within thirty (30)
days of its receipt of an RMA may result in cancellation of the RMA and/or the charge of the list price of any
advanced replacement product. Riverstone does not accept responsibility for any Product lost in transit and recom-
mends that the return be insured for the full value. Riverstone will use all reasonable efforts within thirty (30) days of
receipt of defective Product to repair or replace such Product or refund Customer’s purchase price.
Transportation costs relating to warranty service and any applicable duties will be borne by Customer. If a warranty
claim is invalid for any reason, Customer will be charged at Riverstone’s then-current standard rates for services per-
formed and will be charged for all expenses incurred by Riverstone.
Replacement Products or replacement parts used in the repair of Products may be new or reconditioned.
Riverstone shall not be responsible for Customer’s or any third party’s software, firmware, information, or memory
Riverstone Networks RS Switch Router User Guide Release 8.0 xi
data contained in, sorted on, or integrated with any Product returned to Riverstone, whether under warranty or not.
Customer is responsible for backing up its programs and data to protect against loss or corruption.
Disclaimer. EXCEPT AS SPECIFIED ABOVE, ALL EXPRESS OR IMPLIED CONDITIONS, REPRESENTA-
TIONS AND WARRANTIES INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OR CON-
DITIONS OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, SATISFACTORY QUALITY,
NONINFRINGEMENT OR ARISING FROM A COURSE OF DEALING, USAGE, OR TRADE PRACTICE, ARE
HEREBY EXCLUDED TO THE EXTENT ALLOWED BY APPLICABLE LAW.
Limitation of Liability. IN NO EVENT WILL RIVERSTONE OR ITS AFFILIATES OR SUPPLIERS BE LIABLE
FOR ANY LOSS OF USE, INTERRUPTION OF BUSINESS, LOST PROFITS, OR LOST DATA, OR INDIRECT,
SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, OF ANY KIND REGARDLESS OF THE FORM
OF ACTION, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE), STRICT LIABILITY OR OTH-
ERWISE, EVEN IF RIVERSTONE OR ITS AFFILIATE OR SUPPLIER HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSI-
BILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE, AND WHETHER OR NOT ANY REMEDY PROVIDED SHOULD FAIL OF ITS
ESSENTIAL PURPOSE. THE TOTAL CUMULATIVE LIABILITY TO CUSTOMER, FROM ALL CAUSES OF
ACTION AND ALL THEORIES OF LIABILITY, WILL BE LIMITED TO AND WILL NOT EXCEED THE PUR-
CHASE PRICE OF THE PRODUCT PAID BY CUSTOMER.
xii Riverstone Networks RS Switch Router User Guide Release 8.0
DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY ADDENDUM
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Riverstone Networks RS Switch Router User Guide Release 8.0 xiii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
1.1 Related Documentation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
1.2 Document Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2
2 Maintaining Configuration Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
2.1 Configuration Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
2.1.1 Changing Configuration Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2
2.1.2 Displaying Configuration Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2
2.1.3 Activating the Configuration Commands in the Scratchpad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3
2.1.4 Saving the Active Configuration to the Startup Configuration File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4
2.1.5 Viewing the Current Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4
2.1.6 Backing Up and Restoring Configuration Files. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5
2.2 Backing Up and Restoring System Image Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6
2.3 Configuring System Settings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7
2.3.1 Setting Daylight Saving Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8
2.3.2 Configuring a Log-in Banner. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8
3 CLI and RS Basics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1
3.1 Starting the CLI. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1
3.2 Understanding CLI Command Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
3.2.1 User Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
3.2.2 Enable Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
3.2.3 Configure Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
3.2.4 BootPROM Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
3.3 Understanding CLI Commands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
3.4 Using Line Editing Commands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4
3.5 Getting Help with CLI Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6
3.6 Setting CLI Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7
3.7 Naming RS Ports. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-8
3.7.1 Port Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9
3.7.2 Slot Number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9
3.7.3 Port Number. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9
3.7.4 Channel Number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-11
3.7.5 VC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-12
3.7.6 Port Name Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-12
3.8 CLI and RS Configuration Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-12
xiv Riverstone Networks RS Switch Router User Guide Release 8.0
4 Hot Swapping Line Cards and Control Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-1
4.1 Hot Swapping Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
4.2 Hot Swapping Line Cards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
4.2.1 Deactivating the Line Card. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2
4.2.2 Removing the Line Card . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2
4.2.3 Installing a New Line Card. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
4.3 Hot Swapping One Type of Line Card With Another. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
4.4 Hot Swapping a Secondary Control Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
4.4.1 Deactivating the Control Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4
4.4.2 Removing the Control Module. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5
4.4.3 Installing a Control Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5
4.5 Hot Swapping a Switching Fabric Module (RS 8600 only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5
4.5.1 Removing the Switching Fabric Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-6
4.5.2 Installing a Switching Fabric Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6
4.6 Hot Swapping A GBIC (RS 32000 and RS 38000 only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7
4.6.1 Removing a GBIC from the Line Card . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-7
4.6.2 Installing a GBIC into the Line Card . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-8
4.7 Hot Swapping a WIC. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-8
5 Bridging Configuration Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-1
5.1 Spanning Tree (IEEE 802.1d) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1
5.2 Bridging Modes (Flow-Based and Address-Based) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1
5.3 VLAN Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2
5.3.1 RS VLAN Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3
5.3.2 Configuration Examples. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4
5.4 Access Ports and Trunk Ports (802.1P and 802.1Q support) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5
5.5 Configuring RS Bridging Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-6
5.5.1 Configuring Address-based or Flow-based Bridging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-6
5.6 Configuring Spanning Tree . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-7
5.6.1 Using Rapid STP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-7
5.6.2 Adjusting Spanning-Tree Parameters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-8
5.6.3 STP Dampening . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-11
5.7 Configuring a Port- or Protocol-Based VLAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-11
5.7.1 Creating a Port or Protocol Based VLAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-12
5.7.2 Adding Ports to a VLAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-12
5.7.3 Configuring VLAN Trunk Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-12
5.8 Configuring VLANs for Bridging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-13
5.9 Configuring Layer-2 Filters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-13
5.10 Monitoring Bridging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-14
5.11 GARP/GVRP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-15
5.11.1 Running GARP/GVRP with STP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-15
5.11.2 Configuring GARP/GVRP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-16
5.11.3 Configuration Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-17
5.12 Tunneling VLAN packets across MANs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-19
5.12.1 Stackable VLAN Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-19
Riverstone Networks RS Switch Router User Guide Release 8.0 xv
5.12.2 Configuration Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-20
5.12.3 Displaying Stackable VLAN Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-35
6 SmartTRUNK Configuration Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1
6.1 Configuring SmartTRUNKS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1
6.1.1 Creating a SmartTRUNK. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2
6.1.2 Adding Physical Ports to the SmartTRUNK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2
6.1.3 Specifying Traffic Load Policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3
6.2 SmartTRUNK Example Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3
6.3 Configuring the Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5
6.3.1 Configuring SmartTRUNKs for LACP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5
6.3.2 LACP Configuration Example. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-6
6.4 SmartTRUNK Load Redistribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-9
6.4.1 SLR Water-marks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-9
6.4.2 Polling intervals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-9
6.4.3 Additional Controls Provided by SLR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-11
7 CMTS Configuration Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1
7.1 HFC Cable Network Architecture. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1
7.2 CMTS Module Description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1
7.3 Provisioning the Headend . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-2
7.3.1 Headend Certification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3
7.3.2 IF-RF-Upconverter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3
7.3.3 Diplex Filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3
7.3.4 DHCP Servers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-5
7.3.5 DNS and TFTP Servers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-5
7.4 Connecting and Configuring the Downstream . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-5
7.4.1 Installing and Configuring the Upconverter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-6
7.4.2 Setting the Upconverter Input Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-6
7.4.3 Setting the Upconverter Output Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-6
7.4.4 Setting the Upconverter Output Frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-6
7.4.5 Completing the Downstream Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-7
7.4.6 Testing the Downstream Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-7
7.5 Connecting the Upstream to the Laser Receiver. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-7
7.6 Configuring the CMTS Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-8
7.6.1 Configuring the CMTS Module in a Bridged Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-8
7.6.2 Configuring the CMTS Module in a Routed Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-9
7.7 CMTS Configuration Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-10
7.7.1 Example One: Multiple ISPs Share a Single DHCP Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-11
7.7.2 Example Two: Multiple ISPs with multiple DHCP servers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-15
7.7.3 Example Three: Overlapping VLANs with Multiple DHCP Servers and
Client-VLAN Bindings7-18
7.8 Anti-Spoofing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-20
7.8.1 Anti-DHCP Spoofing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-20
7.8.2 Anti-IP-spoofing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-21
xvi Riverstone Networks RS Switch Router User Guide Release 8.0
8 ATM Configuration Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-1
8.1 Configuring ATM Ports. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-2
8.1.1 Configuring SONET Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-2
8.1.2 Setting Parameters for the Multi-Rate Line Card. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-3
8.1.3 Displaying Port Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-4
8.2 Configuring Virtual Channels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-5
8.2.1 Gathering Traffic Statistics (OC-12) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-5
8.3 Traffic Shaping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-6
8.4 Traffic Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-8
8.4.1 Configuring QoS (Multi-Rate Line Card) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-8
8.4.2 Configuring Virtual Channel Groups (OC-12). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-9
8.4.3 Traffic Management Configuration Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-10
8.5 Bridging ATM Traffic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-15
8.5.1 Enabling Forced Bridging on a Virtual Channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-17
8.5.2 Configuring Cross-Connects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-17
8.5.3 Limiting MAC Addresses Learned on a VC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-18
8.6 Routing ATM Traffic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-18
8.6.1 Peer Address Mapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-21
8.7 Configuring PPP (OC-12) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-23
9 Packet-over-SONET Configuration Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-1
9.1 Configuring IP Interfaces for PoS Links . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1
9.2 Configuring Packet-over-SONET Links . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-2
9.3 Configuring Automatic Protection Switching . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-3
9.3.1 Configuring Working and Protecting Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-4
9.4 Specifying Bit Error Rate Thresholds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-5
9.5 Monitoring PoS Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-6
9.6 Example Configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-6
9.6.1 APS PoS Links Between RS’s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-7
9.6.2 PoS Link Between the RS and a Cisco Router. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-7
9.6.3 PoS Link Between the RS and a Juniper Router . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-8
9.6.4 Bridging and Routing Traffic Over a PoS Link . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-9
9.6.5 PoS Link Through a Layer 2 Cloud . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-9
10 DHCP Configuration Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-1
10.1 Configuring DHCP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-1
10.1.1 Configuring an IP Address Pool. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-2
10.1.2 Configuring Client Parameters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-2
10.1.3 Configuring a Static IP Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-3
10.1.4 Grouping Scopes with a Common Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-3
10.1.5 Configuring DHCP Server Parameters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-3
10.2 Updating the Lease Database. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-3
10.3 Monitoring the DHCP Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-4
10.4 DHCP Configuration Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-4
10.5 Configuring Secondary Subnets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-5
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10.6 Secondary Subnets and Directly-Connected Clients. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-6
10.7 Interacting with Relay Agents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-7
11 IP Routing Configuration Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-1
11.1 IP Routing Protocols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-1
11.1.1 Unicast Routing Protocols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-1
11.1.2 Multicast Routing Protocols. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-1
11.2 Configuring IP Interfaces and Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-2
11.2.1 Configuring IP Interfaces to Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-2
11.2.2 Configuring IP Interfaces for a VLAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-3
11.2.3 Specifying Ethernet Encapsulation Method. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-3
11.2.4 Unnumbered Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-3
11.3 Configuring Jumbo Frames. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-4
11.4 Configuring Address Resolution Protocol (ARP). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-5
11.4.1 Configuring ARP Cache Entries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-5
11.4.2 Unresolved MAC Addresses for ARP Entries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-5
11.4.3 Configuring Proxy ARP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-6
11.5 Configuring Reverse Address Resolution Protocol (RARP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-6
11.5.1 Specifying IP Interfaces for RARP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-6
11.5.2 Defining MAC-to-IP Address Mappings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-7
11.5.3 Monitoring RARP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-7
11.6 Configuring DNS Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-7
11.7 Configuring IP Services (ICMP). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-8
11.8 Configuring IP Helper. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-8
11.9 Configuring Direct Broadcast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-9
11.10 Configuring Denial of Service (DOS). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-9
11.11 Monitoring IP Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-9
11.12 Configuring IP Forwarding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-11
11.13 Hardware Routing Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-11
11.14 Configuring ICMP Redirect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-11
11.15 Forwarding Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-12
11.15.1 Configuring Destination-Based and Host-Flow-Based Forwarding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-12
11.15.2 Configuring a Custom Forwarding Profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-12
11.15.3 Monitoring Custom Forwarding Profiles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-13
11.15.4 Using Custom Forwarding with Other RS Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-14
11.16 Configuring Router Discovery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-14
11.17 Setting Memory Thresholds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-16
11.18 Configuration Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-18
11.18.1 Assigning IP/IPX Interfaces. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-18
12 VRRP Configuration Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-1
12.1 Configuring VRRP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-1
12.1.1 Basic VRRP Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-2
12.1.2 Symmetrical Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-3
12.1.3 Multi-Backup Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-5
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12.2 Additional Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-9
12.2.1 Setting the Backup Priority . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-9
12.2.2 Setting the Warmup Period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-9
12.2.3 Setting the Advertisement Interval. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-9
12.2.4 Setting Pre-empt Mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-10
12.2.5 Setting an Authentication Key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-10
12.3 Monitoring VRRP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-10
12.3.1 ip-redundancy trace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-11
12.3.2 ip-redundancy show . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-11
12.4 VRRP Configuration Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-13
13 RIP Configuration Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13-1
13.1 Configuring RIP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-1
13.1.1 Enabling and Disabling RIP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-1
13.1.2 Configuring RIP Interfaces. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-1
13.2 Configuring RIP Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-2
13.2.1 Configuring RIP Route Default-Metric . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-4
13.3 Monitoring RIP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-4
13.4 Configuration Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-5
14 OSPF Configuration Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14-1
14.1 OSPF Multipath. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-2
14.2 Configuring OSPF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-2
14.3 Setting the Router ID. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-2
14.4 Enabling OSPF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-3
14.5 Configuring OSPF Areas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-3
14.5.1 Configuring Summary Ranges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-4
14.5.2 Configuring Stub Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-4
14.5.3 Configuring Not-So-Stubby Areas (NSSA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-5
14.6 Configuring OSPF Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-6
14.6.1 Configuring Interfaces for NBMA Networks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-6
14.6.2 Configuring Interfaces for Point-to-Multipoint Networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-7
14.6.3 Configuring Interfaces for Point-to-Point Networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-7
14.7 Configuring OSPF Interface Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-7
14.7.1 Setting the Interface State. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-8
14.7.2 Setting the Default Cost of an OSPF Interface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-8
14.8 Creating Virtual Links . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-8
14.9 Configuring OSPF Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-9
14.9.1 Configuring OSPF Global Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-10
14.10 Monitoring OSPF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-12
14.11 OSPF Configuration Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-14
14.11.1 Exporting All Interface & Static Routes to OSPF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-15
14.11.2 Exporting All RIP, Interface & Static Routes to OSPF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-15
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15 IS-IS Configuration Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-1
15.1 Defining an IS-IS Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-1
15.2 Configuring IS-IS Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-1
15.3 Enabling IS-IS on the RS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-2
15.4 Setting IS-IS Global Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-2
15.4.1 Setting the IS Operating Level. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-2
15.4.2 Setting the PSN Interval. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-2
15.4.3 Setting the System ID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-3
15.4.4 Setting the SPF Interval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-3
15.4.5 Setting the Overload Bit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-3
15.4.6 Setting IS-IS Authentication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-4
15.5 Setting IS-IS Interface Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-5
15.5.1 Setting the Interface Operating Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-5
15.5.2 Setting Interface Parameters for a Designated Intermediate System (DIS). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-6
15.5.3 Setting IS-IS Interface Timers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-6
15.5.4 Setting Mesh Group Membership . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-6
15.6 Displaying IS-IS Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-7
15.6.1 IS-IS Sample Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-7
16 BGP Configuration Guide. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-1
16.1 The RS BGP Implementation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-1
16.2 Basic BGP Tasks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-2
16.2.1 Setting the Autonomous System Number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-2
16.2.2 Setting the Router ID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-2
16.2.3 Configuring a BGP Peer Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-3
16.2.4 Adding a BGP Peer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-4
16.2.5 Starting BGP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-4
16.2.6 Using AS-Path Regular Expressions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-4
16.2.7 Using the AS Path Prepend Feature. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-6
16.2.8 Creating BGP Confederations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-7
16.2.9 Creating Community Lists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-8
16.2.10 Using Route Maps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-9
16.2.11 Using BGP Accounting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-11
16.3 BGP Configuration Examples. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-13
16.3.1 BGP Peering Session Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-14
16.3.2 IBGP Configuration Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-16
16.3.3 EBGP Multihop Configuration Example. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-19
16.3.4 Community Attribute Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-22
16.3.5 Local Preference Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-29
16.3.6 Multi-Exit Discriminator Attribute Example. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-32
16.3.7 EBGP Aggregation Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-33
16.3.8 Route Reflection Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-34
16.3.9 BGP Confederation Example. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-37
16.3.10 Route Map Example. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-42
16.3.11 BGP Accounting Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-43
17 MPLS Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-1
17.1 MPLS Architecture Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-2
17.1.1 Labels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-2
xx Riverstone Networks RS Switch Router User Guide Release 8.0
17.1.2 Label Binding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-5
17.1.3 Label Distribution and Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-5
17.1.4 Penultimate Hop Popping. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-7
17.1.5 MPLS Tunnels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-7
17.1.6 MPLS Table Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-8
17.2 Enabling and Starting MPLS on the RS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-11
17.3 RSVP Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-13
17.3.1 Establishing RSVP Sessions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-14
17.3.2 RSVP Refresh Intervals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-15
17.3.3 RSVP Hello Packets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-16
17.3.4 Authentication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-17
17.3.5 Blockade Aging Interval. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-18
17.3.6 RSVP Refresh Reduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-18
17.3.7 Displaying RSVP Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-20
17.4 LDP Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-21
17.4.1 Establishing LDP Sessions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-21
17.4.2 Monitoring LDP Sessions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-22
17.4.3 Remote Peers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-23
17.4.4 Loop Detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-23
17.4.5 MD5 Password Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-24
17.4.6 Using LDP Filters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-24
17.4.7 Displaying LDP Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-26
17.5 Configuring L3 Label Switched Paths. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-27
17.5.1 Configuring L3 Static LSPs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-27
17.5.2 Configuring L3 Dynamic LSPs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-31
17.5.3 Configuring an Explicit LSP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-32
17.6 Configuring L2 Tunnels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-60
17.6.1 Configuring L2 Static Labels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-60
17.6.2 Configuring Dynamic L2 Labels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-65
17.7 Traffic Engineering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-102
17.7.1 Administrative Groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-102
17.7.2 Constrained Shortest Path First . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-104
17.7.3 IGP Shortcuts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-119
18 Routing Policy Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-1
18.1 Preference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-1
18.1.1 Import Policies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18-2
18.1.2 Export Policies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18-3
18.1.3 Specifying a Route Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-4
18.1.4 Aggregates and Generates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-5
18.1.5 Authentication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-6
18.2 Configuring Simple Routing Policies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18-7
18.2.1 Redistributing Static Routes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-8
18.2.2 Redistributing Directly Attached Networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-8
18.2.3 Redistributing RIP into RIP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-9
18.2.4 Redistributing RIP into OSPF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-9
18.2.5 Redistributing OSPF to RIP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-9
18.2.6 Redistributing Aggregate Routes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-10
18.2.7 Simple Route Redistribution Example: Redistribution into RIP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-10
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