Dell PowerSwitch S4048-ON Owner's manual

Dell Conguration Guide for the S4048–ON

System

9.14.1.0

Notes, cautions, and warnings

NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your product.

CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the problem.

WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.

may be trademarks of their respective owners.

2018 - 11

Rev. A00

Contents

1 About this Guide...........................................................................................................................................38

Audience............................................................................................................................................................................38

Conventions......................................................................................................................................................................38

Related Documents......................................................................................................................................................... 38

2 Conguration Fundamentals........................................................................................................................ 39

Accessing the Command Line........................................................................................................................................39

CLI Modes.........................................................................................................................................................................39

Navigating CLI Modes................................................................................................................................................41

The do Command............................................................................................................................................................ 44

Undoing Commands........................................................................................................................................................ 44

Obtaining Help..................................................................................................................................................................45

Entering and Editing Commands................................................................................................................................... 45

Command History............................................................................................................................................................46

Filtering show Command Outputs.................................................................................................................................46

Example of the grep Keyword.................................................................................................................................. 46

Multiple Users in Conguration Mode........................................................................................................................... 47

3 Getting Started............................................................................................................................................48

Console Access................................................................................................................................................................49

Serial Console.............................................................................................................................................................49

Accessing the CLI Interface and Running Scripts Using SSH....................................................................................50

Entering CLI commands Using an SSH Connection..............................................................................................50

Executing Local CLI Scripts Using an SSH Connection........................................................................................50

Default Conguration....................................................................................................................................................... 51

Conguring a Host Name................................................................................................................................................ 51

Accessing the System Remotely.................................................................................................................................... 51

Accessing the System Remotely.............................................................................................................................. 51

Congure the Management Port IP Address..........................................................................................................51

Congure a Management Route..............................................................................................................................52

Conguring a Username and Password..................................................................................................................52

Conguring the Enable Password..................................................................................................................................53

Conguration File Management.....................................................................................................................................53

Copy Files to and from the System......................................................................................................................... 54

Mounting an NFS File System..................................................................................................................................54

Save the Running-Conguration..............................................................................................................................56

Congure the Overload Bit for a Startup Scenario................................................................................................57

Viewing Files............................................................................................................................................................... 57

Compressing Conguration Files............................................................................................................................. 58

Managing the File System.............................................................................................................................................. 60

Enabling Software Features on Devices Using a Command Option.......................................................................... 61

View Command History................................................................................................................................................... 61

Contents

3

Upgrading Dell EMC Networking OS............................................................................................................................ 62

Verify Software Images Before Installation...................................................................................................................62

Using HTTP for File Transfers........................................................................................................................................ 63

4 Management................................................................................................................................................64

Conguring Privilege Levels............................................................................................................................................64

Creating a Custom Privilege Level...........................................................................................................................65

Removing a Command from EXEC Mode.............................................................................................................. 65

Moving a Command from EXEC Privilege Mode to EXEC Mode....................................................................... 65

Allowing Access to CONFIGURATION Mode Commands....................................................................................65

Allowing Access to Dierent Modes........................................................................................................................65

Applying a Privilege Level to a Username............................................................................................................... 67

Applying a Privilege Level to a Terminal Line...........................................................................................................67

Conguring Logging.........................................................................................................................................................67

Audit and Security Logs............................................................................................................................................ 68

Conguring Logging Format ...................................................................................................................................70

Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration.................................................................................. 70

Setting Up a Secure Connection to a Syslog Server..............................................................................................71

Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server...................................................................................................... 72

Track Login Activity..........................................................................................................................................................72

Restrictions for Tracking Login Activity...................................................................................................................72

Conguring Login Activity Tracking......................................................................................................................... 72

Display Login Statistics..............................................................................................................................................73

Limit Concurrent Login Sessions....................................................................................................................................74

Restrictions for Limiting the Number of Concurrent Sessions.............................................................................74

Conguring Concurrent Session Limit.....................................................................................................................75

Enabling the System to Clear Existing Sessions.................................................................................................... 75

Enabling Secured CLI Mode........................................................................................................................................... 76

Log Messages in the Internal Buer..............................................................................................................................76

Conguration Task List for System Log Management.......................................................................................... 76

Disabling System Logging............................................................................................................................................... 76

Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server............................................................................................................ 77

Conguring a UNIX System as a Syslog Server.....................................................................................................77

Changing System Logging Settings...............................................................................................................................77

Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration........................................................................................ 78

Conguring a UNIX Logging Facility Level....................................................................................................................79

Synchronizing Log Messages.........................................................................................................................................80

Enabling Timestamp on Syslog Messages....................................................................................................................80

File Transfer Services....................................................................................................................................................... 81

Conguration Task List for File Transfer Services...................................................................................................81

Enabling the FTP Server............................................................................................................................................81

Conguring FTP Server Parameters........................................................................................................................ 81

Conguring FTP Client Parameters.........................................................................................................................82

Terminal Lines................................................................................................................................................................... 82

Denying and Permitting Access to a Terminal Line................................................................................................83

Conguring Login Authentication for Terminal Lines.............................................................................................84

4

Contents

Setting Timeout for EXEC Privilege Mode...................................................................................................................85

Using Telnet to get to Another Network Device..........................................................................................................85

Lock CONFIGURATION Mode....................................................................................................................................... 86

Viewing the Conguration Lock Status...................................................................................................................86

Reloading the system...................................................................................................................................................... 86

Restoring the Factory Default Settings.........................................................................................................................87

Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................87

Restoring Factory Default Environment Variables................................................................................................. 88

Viewing the Reason for Last System Reboot.............................................................................................................. 89

5 802.1X......................................................................................................................................................... 90

Port-Authentication Process.......................................................................................................................................... 92

EAP over RADIUS......................................................................................................................................................92

Conguring 802.1X...........................................................................................................................................................93

Related Conguration Tasks..................................................................................................................................... 93

Important Points to Remember......................................................................................................................................93

Enabling 802.1X................................................................................................................................................................ 94

Conguring dot1x Prole ................................................................................................................................................95

Conguring MAC addresses for a do1x Prole.............................................................................................................96

Conguring the Static MAB and MAB Prole .............................................................................................................96

Conguring Critical VLAN ..............................................................................................................................................97

Conguring Request Identity Re-Transmissions...........................................................................................................98

Conguring a Quiet Period after a Failed Authentication..................................................................................... 98

Forcibly Authorizing or Unauthorizing a Port............................................................................................................... 99

Re-Authenticating a Port.............................................................................................................................................. 100

Conguring Timeouts..................................................................................................................................................... 101

Conguring Dynamic VLAN Assignment with Port Authentication......................................................................... 102

Guest and Authentication-Fail VLANs.........................................................................................................................103

Conguring a Guest VLAN......................................................................................................................................103

Conguring an Authentication-Fail VLAN............................................................................................................. 103

6 Access Control List (ACL) VLAN Groups and Content Addressable Memory (CAM).................................. 105

Optimizing CAM Utilization During the Attachment of ACLs to VLANs................................................................. 105

Guidelines for Conguring ACL VLAN Groups........................................................................................................... 106

Conguring ACL VLAN Groups and Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters...............................................106

Conguring ACL VLAN Groups.............................................................................................................................. 106

Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters....................................................................................................... 107

Viewing CAM Usage...................................................................................................................................................... 108

Allocating FP Blocks for VLAN Processes.................................................................................................................. 109

Unied Forwarding Table (UFT) Modes.......................................................................................................................110

Conguring UFT Modes...........................................................................................................................................110

7 Access Control Lists (ACLs)........................................................................................................................ 111

IP Access Control Lists (ACLs)......................................................................................................................................112

CAM Usage................................................................................................................................................................113

Implementing ACLs on Dell EMC Networking OS.................................................................................................113

Contents

5

Important Points to Remember.....................................................................................................................................115

Conguration Task List for Route Maps.................................................................................................................115

Conguring Match Routes....................................................................................................................................... 117

Conguring Set Conditions......................................................................................................................................119

Congure a Route Map for Route Redistribution.................................................................................................120

Congure a Route Map for Route Tagging........................................................................................................... 120

Continue Clause........................................................................................................................................................ 121

IP Fragment Handling..................................................................................................................................................... 121

IP Fragments ACL Examples....................................................................................................................................121

Layer 4 ACL Rules Examples...................................................................................................................................122

Congure a Standard IP ACL........................................................................................................................................ 122

Conguring a Standard IP ACL Filter..................................................................................................................... 123

Congure an Extended IP ACL..................................................................................................................................... 124

Conguring Filters with a Sequence Number....................................................................................................... 124

Conguring Filters Without a Sequence Number.................................................................................................126

Congure Layer 2 and Layer 3 ACLs............................................................................................................................126

Assign an IP ACL to an Interface.................................................................................................................................. 127

Applying an IP ACL......................................................................................................................................................... 127

Counting ACL Hits....................................................................................................................................................128

Congure Ingress ACLs................................................................................................................................................. 128

Congure Egress ACLs..................................................................................................................................................129

Applying Egress Layer 3 ACLs (Control-Plane).................................................................................................... 130

IP Prex Lists.................................................................................................................................................................. 130

Implementation Information..................................................................................................................................... 131

Conguration Task List for Prex Lists...................................................................................................................131

ACL Remarks.................................................................................................................................................................. 134

Conguring a Remark.............................................................................................................................................. 134

Deleting a Remark.................................................................................................................................................... 135

ACL Resequencing......................................................................................................................................................... 136

Resequencing an ACL or Prex List.......................................................................................................................136

Route Maps..................................................................................................................................................................... 137

Implementation Information.....................................................................................................................................137

Logging of ACL Processes............................................................................................................................................ 138

Guidelines for Conguring ACL Logging................................................................................................................139

Conguring ACL Logging.........................................................................................................................................139

Flow-Based Monitoring..................................................................................................................................................140

Behavior of Flow-Based Monitoring.......................................................................................................................140

Enabling Flow-Based Monitoring.............................................................................................................................141

Conguring UDF ACL.....................................................................................................................................................142

Conguring IP Mirror Access Group............................................................................................................................ 145

Sample Conguration...............................................................................................................................................146

Example of viewing IP mirror–access–group applied to an Interface................................................................146

8 Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD).................................................................................................. 147

How BFD Works............................................................................................................................................................. 147

BFD Packet Format..................................................................................................................................................148

6

Contents

BFD Sessions............................................................................................................................................................ 149

BFD Three-Way Handshake....................................................................................................................................150

Session State Changes............................................................................................................................................152

Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................................... 152

Congure BFD................................................................................................................................................................ 152

Congure BFD for Physical Ports...........................................................................................................................153

Congure BFD for Static Routes............................................................................................................................154

Congure BFD for IPv6 Static Routes...................................................................................................................158

Congure BFD for OSPF.........................................................................................................................................160

Congure BFD for OSPFv3.....................................................................................................................................165

Congure BFD for IS-IS...........................................................................................................................................168

Congure BFD for BGP........................................................................................................................................... 170

Congure BFD for VRRP.........................................................................................................................................178

Conguring Protocol Liveness................................................................................................................................180

9 Border Gateway Protocol (BGP)................................................................................................................. 181

BGP IP version 4 (BGPv4) Overview...........................................................................................................................181

BGP Autonomous Systems...........................................................................................................................................182

AS4 Number Representation.................................................................................................................................. 183

Four-Byte AS Numbers........................................................................................................................................... 185

Multiprotocol BGP..........................................................................................................................................................185

Sessions and Peers........................................................................................................................................................ 186

Establish a Session...................................................................................................................................................186

BGP global and address family conguration..............................................................................................................187

BGP global conguration default values................................................................................................................ 187

BGP Attributes for selecting Best Path.......................................................................................................................188

Best Path Selection Criteria....................................................................................................................................188

Weight........................................................................................................................................................................190

Local Preference.......................................................................................................................................................190

Multi-Exit Discriminators (MEDs)........................................................................................................................... 191

Origin..........................................................................................................................................................................192

AS Path......................................................................................................................................................................193

Next Hop................................................................................................................................................................... 193

Implement BGP with Dell EMC Networking OS.........................................................................................................194

Additional Path (Add-Path) Support......................................................................................................................194

Advertise IGP Cost as MED for Redistributed Routes........................................................................................ 194

Ignore Router-ID in Best-Path Calculation............................................................................................................ 195

AS Number Migration.............................................................................................................................................. 195

BGP4 Management Information Base (MIB)........................................................................................................196

Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................196

Conguration Information..............................................................................................................................................197

Basic BGP conguration tasks......................................................................................................................................197

Enabling BGP............................................................................................................................................................ 197

Conguring a BGP peer..........................................................................................................................................200

Conguring AS4 Number Representations........................................................................................................... 201

Conguring a BGP VRF address family................................................................................................................ 202

Contents

7

Route-refresh and Soft-reconguration............................................................................................................... 204

Aggregating Routes................................................................................................................................................. 207

Filtering BGP Routes............................................................................................................................................... 207

Filtering BGP Routes Using Route Maps..............................................................................................................207

Filtering BGP Routes Using AS-PATH Information............................................................................................. 208

Conguring Peer Groups........................................................................................................................................ 209

Conguring BGP Fast Fall-Over............................................................................................................................. 217

Conguring Passive Peering................................................................................................................................... 218

Maintaining Existing AS Numbers During an AS Migration.................................................................................219

Allowing an AS Number to Appear in its Own AS Path...................................................................................... 220

Enabling Graceful Restart........................................................................................................................................221

Filtering on an AS-Path Attribute...........................................................................................................................222

Regular Expressions as Filters................................................................................................................................ 223

Redistributing Routes..............................................................................................................................................224

Redistributing iBGP Routes into IGP.....................................................................................................................225

Enabling Additional Paths........................................................................................................................................228

Conguring IP Community Lists............................................................................................................................ 228

Conguring an IP Extended Community List....................................................................................................... 230

Filtering Routes with Community Lists................................................................................................................. 230

Manipulating the COMMUNITY Attribute.............................................................................................................231

Changing MED Attributes.......................................................................................................................................233

Changing the LOCAL_PREFERENCE Attribute..................................................................................................233

Conguring the local System or a Dierent System to be the Next Hop for BGP-Learned Routes.............234

Changing the WEIGHT Attribute........................................................................................................................... 234

Enabling Multipath...................................................................................................................................................235

Route Reectors......................................................................................................................................................235

Conguring BGP Confederations...........................................................................................................................237

Enabling Route Flap Dampening............................................................................................................................ 237

Changing BGP keepalive and hold timers.............................................................................................................239

Setting the extended timer.................................................................................................................................... 240

Enabling or disabling BGP neighbors......................................................................................................................241

Route Map Continue............................................................................................................................................... 242

Enabling MBGP Congurations....................................................................................................................................243

MBGP support for IPv6................................................................................................................................................ 243

Conguring IPv6 MBGP between peers.....................................................................................................................243

Example-Conguring IPv4 and IPv6 neighbors......................................................................................................... 244

Congure IPv6 NH Automatically for IPv6 Prex Advertised over IPv4 Neighbor............................................... 246

BGP Regular Expression Optimization........................................................................................................................248

Debugging BGP..............................................................................................................................................................248

Storing Last and Bad PDUs....................................................................................................................................249

Capturing PDUs.......................................................................................................................................................250

PDU Counters...........................................................................................................................................................251

10 Content Addressable Memory (CAM).......................................................................................................252

CAM Allocation...............................................................................................................................................................252

Test CAM Usage............................................................................................................................................................254

8

Contents

View CAM-ACL Settings.............................................................................................................................................. 254

View CAM Usage...........................................................................................................................................................256

Conguring CAM Threshold and Silence Period........................................................................................................256

Setting CAM Threshold and Silence Period......................................................................................................... 256

CAM Optimization..........................................................................................................................................................257

Troubleshoot CAM Proling..........................................................................................................................................258

QoS CAM Region Limitation...................................................................................................................................258

11 Control Plane Policing (CoPP).................................................................................................................. 259

Congure Control Plane Policing................................................................................................................................. 260

Conguring CoPP for Protocols............................................................................................................................. 261

Conguring CoPP for CPU Queues...................................................................................................................... 263

CoPP for OSPFv3 Packets.....................................................................................................................................264

Conguring CoPP for OSPFv3...............................................................................................................................267

Displaying CoPP Conguration ............................................................................................................................. 267

12 Data Center Bridging (DCB)..................................................................................................................... 270

Ethernet Enhancements in Data Center Bridging......................................................................................................270

Priority-Based Flow Control.................................................................................................................................... 271

Enhanced Transmission Selection..........................................................................................................................272

Data Center Bridging Exchange Protocol (DCBx)...............................................................................................273

Data Center Bridging in a Trac Flow...................................................................................................................274

Enabling Data Center Bridging......................................................................................................................................274

DCB Maps and its Attributes..................................................................................................................................275

Data Center Bridging: Default Conguration..............................................................................................................276

Conguring Priority-Based Flow Control.................................................................................................................... 276

Conguring Lossless Queues..................................................................................................................................277

Conguring PFC in a DCB Map....................................................................................................................................278

PFC Conguration Notes........................................................................................................................................278

PFC Prerequisites and Restrictions....................................................................................................................... 279

Applying a DCB Map on a Port.................................................................................................................................... 279

Conguring PFC without a DCB Map.........................................................................................................................280

Conguring Lossless QueuesExample:..................................................................................................................280

Priority-Based Flow Control Using Dynamic Buer Method....................................................................................282

Pause and Resume of Trac..................................................................................................................................282

Buer Sizes for Lossless or PFC Packets.............................................................................................................282

Behavior of Tagged Packets.........................................................................................................................................283

Conguration Example for DSCP and PFC Priorities................................................................................................283

Using PFC to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac...................................................................................................284

Congure Enhanced Transmission Selection..............................................................................................................284

ETS Prerequisites and Restrictions....................................................................................................................... 284

Creating an ETS Priority Group............................................................................................................................. 285

ETS Operation with DCBx......................................................................................................................................286

Conguring Bandwidth Allocation for DCBx CIN................................................................................................ 286

Conguring ETS in a DCB Map..............................................................................................................................287

Hierarchical Scheduling in ETS Output Policies......................................................................................................... 288

Contents

9

Using ETS to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac...................................................................................................289

Applying DCB Policies in a Switch Stack.................................................................................................................... 289

Congure a DCBx Operation........................................................................................................................................289

DCBx Operation.......................................................................................................................................................289

DCBx Port Roles......................................................................................................................................................290

DCB Conguration Exchange................................................................................................................................. 291

Conguration Source Election................................................................................................................................ 291

Propagation of DCB Information............................................................................................................................292

Auto-Detection and Manual Conguration of the DCBx Version...................................................................... 292

DCBx Example..........................................................................................................................................................293

DCBx Prerequisites and Restrictions.....................................................................................................................293

Conguring DCBx....................................................................................................................................................293

Verifying the DCB Conguration..................................................................................................................................297

QoS dot1p Trac Classication and Queue Assignment..........................................................................................306

Conguring the Dynamic Buer Method....................................................................................................................307

Sample DCB Conguration...........................................................................................................................................308

PFC and ETS Conguration Command Examples............................................................................................... 310

13 Dynamic Host Conguration Protocol (DHCP).......................................................................................... 311

DHCP Packet Format and Options...............................................................................................................................311

Assign an IP Address using DHCP................................................................................................................................313

Implementation Information.......................................................................................................................................... 314

Congure the System to be a DHCP Server.............................................................................................................. 314

Conguring the Server for Automatic Address Allocation.................................................................................. 315

Specifying a Default Gateway.................................................................................................................................316

Congure a Method of Hostname Resolution...................................................................................................... 317

Using DNS for Address Resolution.........................................................................................................................317

Using NetBIOS WINS for Address Resolution...................................................................................................... 317

Creating Manual Binding Entries.............................................................................................................................317

Debugging the DHCP Server..................................................................................................................................318

Using DHCP Clear Commands............................................................................................................................... 318

Congure the System to be a Relay Agent................................................................................................................. 318

Congure the System to be a DHCP Client............................................................................................................... 320

Conguring the DHCP Client System...................................................................................................................320

DHCP Client on a Management Interface............................................................................................................ 322

DHCP Client Operation with Other Features.......................................................................................................322

DHCP Relay When DHCP Server and Client are in Dierent VRFs........................................................................ 323

Conguring Route Leaking between VRFs on DHCP Relay Agent................................................................... 323

Non-default VRF conguration for DHCPv6 helper address................................................................................... 324

Conguring DHCP relay source interface...................................................................................................................325

Global DHCP relay source IPv4 or IPv6 conguration ....................................................................................... 325

Interface level DHCP relay source IPv4 or IPv6 conguration ..........................................................................325

Congure the System for User Port Stacking (Option 230)....................................................................................327

Congure Secure DHCP............................................................................................................................................... 327

Option 82.................................................................................................................................................................. 327

DHCP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................................328

10

Contents

Drop DHCP Packets on Snooped VLANs Only....................................................................................................332

Dynamic ARP Inspection.........................................................................................................................................333

Conguring Dynamic ARP Inspection................................................................................................................... 333

Source Address Validation............................................................................................................................................ 335

Enabling IP Source Address Validation..................................................................................................................335

DHCP MAC Source Address Validation................................................................................................................ 336

Enabling IP+MAC Source Address Validation.......................................................................................................336

Viewing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets....................................................................................................337

Clearing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets................................................................................................... 337

14 Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP)................................................................................................................ 338

ECMP for Flow-Based Anity.....................................................................................................................................338

Conguring the Hash Algorithm............................................................................................................................ 338

Enabling Deterministic ECMP Next Hop.............................................................................................................. 338

Conguring the Hash Algorithm Seed.................................................................................................................. 339

Link Bundle Monitoring................................................................................................................................................. 339

Managing ECMP Group Paths...............................................................................................................................340

Creating an ECMP Group Bundle..........................................................................................................................340

Modifying the ECMP Group Threshold.................................................................................................................340

RTAG7..............................................................................................................................................................................341

Flow-based Hashing for ECMP....................................................................................................................................342

15 FIP Snooping............................................................................................................................................345

Fibre Channel over Ethernet........................................................................................................................................ 345

Ensure Robustness in a Converged Ethernet Network............................................................................................345

FIP Snooping on Ethernet Bridges.............................................................................................................................. 347

FIP Snooping in a Switch Stack...................................................................................................................................349

Using FIP Snooping....................................................................................................................................................... 349

FIP Snooping Prerequisites.....................................................................................................................................349

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 349

Enabling the FCoE Transit Feature........................................................................................................................350

Enable FIP Snooping on VLANs..............................................................................................................................351

Congure the FC-MAP Value................................................................................................................................. 351

Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-Bridge Link........................................................................................................351

Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-FCF Link............................................................................................................351

Impact on Other Software Features...................................................................................................................... 351

FIP Snooping Restrictions...................................................................................................................................... 352

Conguring FIP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................352

Displaying FIP Snooping Information...........................................................................................................................353

FCoE Transit Conguration Example.......................................................................................................................... 358

16 Flex Hash and Optimized Boot-Up............................................................................................................360

Flex Hash Capability Overview.................................................................................................................................... 360

Conguring the Flex Hash Mechanism.......................................................................................................................360

Conguring Fast Boot and LACP Fast Switchover....................................................................................................361

Optimizing the Boot Time............................................................................................................................................. 361

Contents

11

Booting Process When Optimized Boot Time Mechanism is Enabled...............................................................361

Guidelines for Conguring Optimized Booting Mechanism................................................................................362

Interoperation of Applications with Fast Boot and System States..........................................................................363

LACP and IPv4 Routing.......................................................................................................................................... 363

LACP and IPv6 Routing.......................................................................................................................................... 363

BGP Graceful Restart............................................................................................................................................. 364

Cold Boot Caused by Power Cycling the System................................................................................................364

Unexpected Reload of the System........................................................................................................................364

Software Upgrade................................................................................................................................................... 364

LACP Fast Switchover............................................................................................................................................364

Changes to BGP Multipath.................................................................................................................................... 365

Delayed Installation of ECMP Routes Into BGP...................................................................................................365

RDMA Over Converged Ethernet (RoCE) Overview............................................................................................... 365

Preserving 802.1Q VLAN Tag Value for Lite Subinterfaces......................................................................................366

17 FIPS Cryptography................................................................................................................................... 367

Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................................... 367

Preparing the System....................................................................................................................................................367

Enabling FIPS Mode...................................................................................................................................................... 368

Generating Host-Keys...................................................................................................................................................368

Monitoring FIPS Mode Status......................................................................................................................................368

Disabling FIPS Mode..................................................................................................................................................... 369

18 Force10 Resilient Ring Protocol (FRRP)................................................................................................... 370

Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 370

Ring Status................................................................................................................................................................ 371

Multiple FRRP Rings................................................................................................................................................ 371

Important FRRP Points........................................................................................................................................... 372

Important FRRP Concepts..................................................................................................................................... 373

Implementing FRRP....................................................................................................................................................... 374

FRRP Conguration.......................................................................................................................................................374

Creating the FRRP Group....................................................................................................................................... 374

Conguring the Control VLAN............................................................................................................................... 375

Conguring and Adding the Member VLANs.......................................................................................................376

Setting the FRRP Timers........................................................................................................................................ 377

Clearing the FRRP Counters.................................................................................................................................. 377

Viewing the FRRP Conguration........................................................................................................................... 377

Viewing the FRRP Information...............................................................................................................................377

Troubleshooting FRRP...................................................................................................................................................378

Conguration Checks.............................................................................................................................................. 378

Sample Conguration and Topology............................................................................................................................ 378

FRRP Support on VLT...................................................................................................................................................379

Example Scenario.................................................................................................................................................... 380

Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 381

19 GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP)..............................................................................................382

12

Contents

Important Points to Remember....................................................................................................................................382

Congure GVRP............................................................................................................................................................ 383

Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................383

Enabling GVRP Globally................................................................................................................................................ 384

Enabling GVRP on a Layer 2 Interface........................................................................................................................384

Congure GVRP Registration...................................................................................................................................... 384

Congure a GARP Timer.............................................................................................................................................. 385

RPM Redundancy..........................................................................................................................................................385

20 High Availability (HA)............................................................................................................................... 387

Component Redundancy.............................................................................................................................................. 387

Automatic and Manual Stack Unit Failover...........................................................................................................387

Synchronization between Management and Standby Units..............................................................................388

Forcing a Stack Unit Failover................................................................................................................................. 388

Specifying an Auto-Failover Limit..........................................................................................................................389

Disabling Auto-Reboot............................................................................................................................................ 389

Pre-Conguring a Stack Unit Slot............................................................................................................................... 389

Removing a Provisioned Logical Stack Unit............................................................................................................... 389

Hitless Behavior............................................................................................................................................................. 389

Graceful Restart............................................................................................................................................................ 390

Software Resiliency.......................................................................................................................................................390

Software Component Health Monitoring............................................................................................................. 390

System Health Monitoring......................................................................................................................................390

Failure and Event Logging....................................................................................................................................... 391

Hot-Lock Behavior......................................................................................................................................................... 391

21 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP)......................................................................................... 392

IGMP Implementation Information...............................................................................................................................392

IGMP Protocol Overview..............................................................................................................................................392

IGMP Version 2........................................................................................................................................................ 392

IGMP Version 3........................................................................................................................................................ 394

Congure IGMP............................................................................................................................................................. 397

Related Conguration Tasks................................................................................................................................... 397

Viewing IGMP Enabled Interfaces...............................................................................................................................398

Selecting an IGMP Version...........................................................................................................................................398

Viewing IGMP Groups...................................................................................................................................................399

Adjusting Timers............................................................................................................................................................ 399

Adjusting Query and Response Timers................................................................................................................. 399

Preventing a Host from Joining a Group.................................................................................................................... 400

Enabling IGMP Immediate-Leave.................................................................................................................................403

IGMP Snooping..............................................................................................................................................................403

IGMP Snooping Implementation Information....................................................................................................... 403

Conguring IGMP Snooping...................................................................................................................................403

Removing a Group-Port Association.....................................................................................................................404

Disabling Multicast Flooding...................................................................................................................................404

Specifying a Port as Connected to a Multicast Router...................................................................................... 405

Contents

13

Conguring the Switch as Querier........................................................................................................................ 405

Fast Convergence after MSTP Topology Changes...................................................................................................406

Egress Interface Selection (EIS) for HTTP and IGMP Applications........................................................................406

Protocol Separation.................................................................................................................................................406

Enabling and Disabling Management Egress Interface Selection...................................................................... 407

Handling of Management Route Conguration................................................................................................... 408

Handling of Switch-Initiated Trac.......................................................................................................................409

Handling of Switch-Destined Trac..................................................................................................................... 409

Handling of Transit Trac (Trac Separation).....................................................................................................410

Mapping of Management Applications and Trac Type..................................................................................... 410

Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Initiated Trac ..............................................................................411

Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Destined Trac ........................................................................... 412

Interworking of EIS With Various Applications......................................................................................................413

Designating a Multicast Router Interface....................................................................................................................413

22 Interfaces................................................................................................................................................. 415

Basic Interface Conguration........................................................................................................................................415

Advanced Interface Conguration............................................................................................................................... 415

Interface Types............................................................................................................................................................... 416

View Basic Interface Information..................................................................................................................................416

Resetting an Interface to its Factory Default State................................................................................................... 418

Enabling a Physical Interface........................................................................................................................................ 419

Physical Interfaces......................................................................................................................................................... 419

Conguration Task List for Physical Interfaces.....................................................................................................419

Overview of Layer Modes...................................................................................................................................... 420

Conguring Layer 2 (Data Link) Mode..................................................................................................................420

Conguring Layer 2 (Interface) Mode.................................................................................................................. 420

Conguring Layer 3 (Network) Mode....................................................................................................................421

Conguring Layer 3 (Interface) Mode................................................................................................................... 421

Monitoring internal physical temperature of 10GBase-T optical ports.................................................................... 422

Enabling temperature polling on ports...................................................................................................................424

Setting the reset port to normal mode................................................................................................................. 424

Automatic recovery of an Err-disabled interface....................................................................................................... 424

Conguring an automatic recovery for an Err-disabled interface......................................................................425

Egress Interface Selection (EIS)..................................................................................................................................426

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 426

Conguring EIS........................................................................................................................................................ 426

Management Interfaces................................................................................................................................................426

Conguring Management Interfaces.....................................................................................................................426

Conguring a Management Interface on an Ethernet Port................................................................................428

VLAN Interfaces............................................................................................................................................................ 429

Loopback Interfaces......................................................................................................................................................429

Null Interfaces................................................................................................................................................................ 430

Port Channel Interfaces................................................................................................................................................430

Port Channel Denition and Standards.................................................................................................................430

Port Channel Benets.............................................................................................................................................430

14

Contents

Port Channel Implementation................................................................................................................................. 431

Interfaces in Port Channels..................................................................................................................................... 431

Conguration Tasks for Port Channel Interfaces.................................................................................................432

Creating a Port Channel..........................................................................................................................................432

Adding a Physical Interface to a Port Channel.....................................................................................................432

Reassigning an Interface to a New Port Channel................................................................................................434

Conguring the Minimum Oper Up Links in a Port Channel.............................................................................. 435

Adding or Removing a Port Channel from a VLAN............................................................................................. 435

Assigning an IP Address to a Port Channel.......................................................................................................... 436

Deleting or Disabling a Port Channel.....................................................................................................................436

Load Balancing Through Port Channels................................................................................................................437

Changing the Hash Algorithm................................................................................................................................ 437

Bulk Conguration......................................................................................................................................................... 438

Interface Range........................................................................................................................................................438

Bulk Conguration Examples..................................................................................................................................438

Dening Interface Range Macros................................................................................................................................ 440

Dene the Interface Range.................................................................................................................................... 440

Choosing an Interface-Range Macro.................................................................................................................... 440

Monitoring and Maintaining Interfaces....................................................................................................................... 440

Maintenance Using TDR..........................................................................................................................................441

Non Dell-Qualied Transceivers................................................................................................................................... 442

Splitting 40G Ports without Reload.............................................................................................................................442

Splitting QSFP Ports to SFP+ Ports........................................................................................................................... 444

Converting a QSFP or QSFP+ Port to an SFP or SFP+ Port..................................................................................444

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 445

Example Scenarios.................................................................................................................................................. 445

Conguring wavelength for 10–Gigabit SFP+ optics................................................................................................446

Link Dampening..............................................................................................................................................................447

Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................447

Conguration Example of Link Dampening...........................................................................................................448

Enabling Link Dampening........................................................................................................................................450

Link Bundle Monitoring.................................................................................................................................................. 451

Using Ethernet Pause Frames for Flow Control........................................................................................................ 452

Enabling Pause Frames........................................................................................................................................... 452

Congure the MTU Size on an Interface....................................................................................................................453

Port-Pipes.......................................................................................................................................................................454

Auto-Negotiation on Ethernet Interfaces...................................................................................................................454

Setting the Speed of Ethernet Interfaces............................................................................................................ 454

Set Auto-Negotiation Options............................................................................................................................... 456

View Advanced Interface Information.........................................................................................................................456

Conguring the Interface Sampling Size...............................................................................................................457

Conguring the Trac Sampling Size Globally.......................................................................................................... 458

Dynamic Counters......................................................................................................................................................... 460

Clearing Interface Counters................................................................................................................................... 460

Discard Counters............................................................................................................................................................ 461

Contents

15

Display discard counters.......................................................................................................................................... 461

23 Internet Protocol Security (IPSec)...........................................................................................................463

Conguring IPSec .........................................................................................................................................................463

24 IPv4 Routing............................................................................................................................................465

IP Addresses...................................................................................................................................................................466

Implementation Information....................................................................................................................................466

Conguration Tasks for IP Addresses......................................................................................................................... 466

Assigning IP Addresses to an Interface.......................................................................................................................466

Conguring Static Routes.............................................................................................................................................467

Congure Static Routes for the Management Interface..........................................................................................468

IPv4 Path MTU Discovery Overview.......................................................................................................................... 469

Packet handling during MTU mismatch................................................................................................................469

Using the Congured Source IP Address in ICMP Messages..................................................................................469

Conguring the ICMP Source Interface............................................................................................................... 469

Conguring the Duration to Establish a TCP Connection........................................................................................ 470

Enabling Directed Broadcast........................................................................................................................................ 470

Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................................................470

Enabling Dynamic Resolution of Host Names.............................................................................................................471

Specifying the Local System Domain and a List of Domains.................................................................................... 471

Conguring DNS with Traceroute................................................................................................................................472

ARP..................................................................................................................................................................................472

Conguration Tasks for ARP........................................................................................................................................ 473

Conguring Static ARP Entries....................................................................................................................................473

Enabling Proxy ARP.......................................................................................................................................................473

Clearing ARP Cache...................................................................................................................................................... 474

ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................................474

Enabling ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................ 474

ARP Learning via ARP Request....................................................................................................................................474

Conguring ARP Retries............................................................................................................................................... 475

ICMP................................................................................................................................................................................476

Conguration Tasks for ICMP...................................................................................................................................... 476

Enabling ICMP Unreachable Messages...................................................................................................................... 476

UDP Helper.....................................................................................................................................................................476

Congure UDP Helper.............................................................................................................................................476

Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................477

Enabling UDP Helper..................................................................................................................................................... 477

Congurations Using UDP Helper................................................................................................................................477

UDP Helper with Broadcast-All Addresses................................................................................................................. 477

UDP Helper with Subnet Broadcast Addresses.........................................................................................................478

UDP Helper with Congured Broadcast Addresses.................................................................................................. 479

UDP Helper with No Congured Broadcast Addresses............................................................................................479

Troubleshooting UDP Helper........................................................................................................................................ 479

25 IPv6 Routing............................................................................................................................................ 481

16

Contents

Protocol Overview..........................................................................................................................................................481

Extended Address Space........................................................................................................................................482

Stateless Autoconguration................................................................................................................................... 482

IPv6 Headers............................................................................................................................................................482

IPv6 Header Fields...................................................................................................................................................483

Extension Header Fields......................................................................................................................................... 485

Addressing................................................................................................................................................................ 486

Implementing IPv6 with Dell EMC Networking OS................................................................................................... 487

ICMPv6...........................................................................................................................................................................488

Path MTU discovery..................................................................................................................................................... 489

IPv6 Neighbor Discovery..............................................................................................................................................489

IPv6 Neighbor Discovery of MTU Packets.......................................................................................................... 490

Conguration Task List for IPv6 RDNSS.................................................................................................................... 490

Conguring the IPv6 Recursive DNS Server....................................................................................................... 490

Debugging IPv6 RDNSS Information Sent to the Host ......................................................................................491

Displaying IPv6 RDNSS Information......................................................................................................................492

Secure Shell (SSH) Over an IPv6 Transport.............................................................................................................. 492

Conguration Tasks for IPv6........................................................................................................................................ 493

Adjusting Your CAM-Prole....................................................................................................................................493

Assigning an IPv6 Address to an Interface...........................................................................................................494

Assigning a Static IPv6 Route................................................................................................................................494

Conguring Telnet with IPv6..................................................................................................................................495

SNMP over IPv6......................................................................................................................................................495

Displaying IPv6 Information....................................................................................................................................495

Displaying an IPv6 Interface Information.............................................................................................................. 496

Showing IPv6 Routes..............................................................................................................................................496

Showing the Running-Conguration for an Interface.........................................................................................498

Clearing IPv6 Routes...............................................................................................................................................498

Disabling ND Entry Timeout................................................................................................................................... 498

Conguring IPv6 RA Guard.......................................................................................................................................... 499

Conguring IPv6 RA Guard on an Interface.........................................................................................................500

Monitoring IPv6 RA Guard...................................................................................................................................... 501

26 iSCSI Optimization.................................................................................................................................. 502

iSCSI Optimization Overview.......................................................................................................................................502

Monitoring iSCSI Trac Flows...............................................................................................................................504

Application of Quality of Service to iSCSI Trac Flows..................................................................................... 504

Information Monitored in iSCSI Trac Flows.......................................................................................................504

Detection and Auto-Conguration for Dell EqualLogic Arrays...........................................................................505

Conguring Detection and Ports for Dell Compellent Arrays.............................................................................505

Synchronizing iSCSI Sessions Learned on VLT-Lags with VLT-Peer.................................................................506

Enable and Disable iSCSI Optimization.................................................................................................................506

Default iSCSI Optimization Values...............................................................................................................................507

iSCSI Optimization Prerequisites................................................................................................................................. 507

Conguring iSCSI Optimization....................................................................................................................................507

Displaying iSCSI Optimization Information................................................................................................................. 509

Contents

17

27 Intermediate System to Intermediate System............................................................................................511

IS-IS Protocol Overview................................................................................................................................................. 511

IS-IS Addressing.............................................................................................................................................................. 511

Multi-Topology IS-IS....................................................................................................................................................... 512

Transition Mode........................................................................................................................................................ 512

Interface Support..................................................................................................................................................... 513

Adjacencies................................................................................................................................................................513

Graceful Restart............................................................................................................................................................. 513

Timers........................................................................................................................................................................ 513

Implementation Information.......................................................................................................................................... 513

Conguration Information..............................................................................................................................................514

Conguration Tasks for IS-IS.................................................................................................................................. 515

Conguring the Distance of a Route.....................................................................................................................522

Changing the IS-Type.............................................................................................................................................. 523

Redistributing IPv4 Routes.....................................................................................................................................525

Redistributing IPv6 Routes.....................................................................................................................................526

Conguring Authentication Passwords................................................................................................................. 527

Setting the Overload Bit......................................................................................................................................... 527

Debugging IS-IS....................................................................................................................................................... 528

IS-IS Metric Styles.........................................................................................................................................................529

Congure Metric Values............................................................................................................................................... 529

Maximum Values in the Routing Table.................................................................................................................. 529

Change the IS-IS Metric Style in One Level Only................................................................................................529

Leaks from One Level to Another...........................................................................................................................531

Sample Congurations..................................................................................................................................................532

28 Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP).............................................................................................. 534

Introduction to Dynamic LAGs and LACP.................................................................................................................. 534

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 534

LACP Modes............................................................................................................................................................535

Conguring LACP Commands...............................................................................................................................535

LACP Conguration Tasks............................................................................................................................................536

Creating a LAG.........................................................................................................................................................536

Conguring the LAG Interfaces as Dynamic........................................................................................................536

Setting the LACP Long Timeout............................................................................................................................537

Monitoring and Debugging LACP.......................................................................................................................... 537

Shared LAG State Tracking.......................................................................................................................................... 538

Conguring Shared LAG State Tracking...............................................................................................................538

Important Points about Shared LAG State Tracking...........................................................................................540

LACP Basic Conguration Example............................................................................................................................ 540

Congure a LAG on ALPHA................................................................................................................................... 540

29 Layer 2.................................................................................................................................................... 549

Manage the MAC Address Table................................................................................................................................. 549

Clearing the MAC Address Table........................................................................................................................... 549

18

Contents

Setting the Aging Time for Dynamic Entries........................................................................................................549

Conguring a Static MAC Address....................................................................................................................... 550

Displaying the MAC Address Table........................................................................................................................550

MAC Learning Limit.......................................................................................................................................................550

Setting the MAC Learning Limit............................................................................................................................. 551

mac learning-limit Dynamic..................................................................................................................................... 551

mac learning-limit mac-address-sticky.................................................................................................................. 551

mac learning-limit station-move............................................................................................................................ 552

mac learning-limit no-station-move...................................................................................................................... 552

Learning Limit Violation Actions.............................................................................................................................552

Setting Station Move Violation Actions................................................................................................................ 553

Recovering from Learning Limit and Station Move Violations...........................................................................553

Disabling MAC Address Learning on the System................................................................................................ 554

Enabling port security............................................................................................................................................. 554

NIC Teaming...................................................................................................................................................................554

Congure Redundant Pairs.......................................................................................................................................... 555

Important Points about Conguring Redundant Pairs........................................................................................ 557

Far-End Failure Detection.............................................................................................................................................558

FEFD State Changes...............................................................................................................................................559

Conguring FEFD....................................................................................................................................................560

Enabling FEFD on an Interface.............................................................................................................................. 560

Debugging FEFD...................................................................................................................................................... 561

30 Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)..................................................................................................... 563

802.1AB (LLDP) Overview............................................................................................................................................563

Protocol Data Units................................................................................................................................................. 563

Optional TLVs.................................................................................................................................................................564

Management TLVs.................................................................................................................................................. 564

TIA-1057 (LLDP-MED) Overview................................................................................................................................ 566

TIA Organizationally Specic TLVs........................................................................................................................566

Congure LLDP..............................................................................................................................................................570

Related Conguration Tasks................................................................................................................................... 570

Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................570

LLDP Compatibility...................................................................................................................................................571

CONFIGURATION versus INTERFACE Congurations............................................................................................. 571

Enabling LLDP.................................................................................................................................................................571

Disabling and Undoing LLDP.................................................................................................................................. 572

Enabling LLDP on Management Ports........................................................................................................................ 572

Disabling and Undoing LLDP on Management Ports.......................................................................................... 572

Advertising TLVs............................................................................................................................................................ 572

Storing and Viewing Unrecognized LLDP TLVs......................................................................................................... 574

Reserved Unrecognized LLDP TLVs......................................................................................................................574

Organizational Specic Unrecognized LLDP TLVs.............................................................................................. 574

Viewing Unrecognized LLDP TLVs........................................................................................................................ 574

Viewing the LLDP Conguration..................................................................................................................................575

Viewing Information Advertised by Adjacent LLDP Neighbors................................................................................575

Contents

19

Examples of Viewing Information Advertised by Neighbors...............................................................................575

Conguring LLDPDU Intervals......................................................................................................................................577

Conguring LLDP Notication Interval....................................................................................................................... 578

Conguring Transmit and Receive Mode....................................................................................................................578

Conguring the Time to Live Value............................................................................................................................. 579

Debugging LLDP............................................................................................................................................................580

Relevant Management Objects.................................................................................................................................... 581

31 Microsoft Network Load Balancing...........................................................................................................586

NLB Unicast Mode Scenario........................................................................................................................................586

NLB Multicast Mode Scenario.....................................................................................................................................586

Limitations of the NLB Feature.................................................................................................................................... 587

Microsoft Clustering......................................................................................................................................................587

Enable and Disable VLAN Flooding .............................................................................................................................587

Conguring a Switch for NLB ..................................................................................................................................... 587

Enabling a Switch for Multicast NLB.................................................................................................................... 588

32 Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP).........................................................................................589

Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................589

Anycast RP.....................................................................................................................................................................590

Implementation Information.......................................................................................................................................... 591

Congure Multicast Source Discovery Protocol.........................................................................................................591

Related Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................591

Enable MSDP.................................................................................................................................................................595

Manage the Source-Active Cache.............................................................................................................................. 596

Viewing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................ 596

Limiting the Source-Active Cache.........................................................................................................................596

Clearing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................ 597

Enabling the Rejected Source-Active Cache....................................................................................................... 597

Accept Source-Active Messages that Fail the RFP Check......................................................................................597

Specifying Source-Active Messages.......................................................................................................................... 600

Limiting the Source-Active Messages from a Peer....................................................................................................601

Preventing MSDP from Caching a Local Source........................................................................................................601

Preventing MSDP from Caching a Remote Source.................................................................................................. 602

Preventing MSDP from Advertising a Local Source..................................................................................................602

Logging Changes in Peership States...........................................................................................................................603

Terminating a Peership..................................................................................................................................................603

Clearing Peer Statistics.................................................................................................................................................604

Debugging MSDP..........................................................................................................................................................604

MSDP with Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................605

Conguring Anycast RP............................................................................................................................................... 606

Reducing Source-Active Message Flooding.........................................................................................................607

Specifying the RP Address Used in SA Messages.............................................................................................. 607

MSDP Sample Congurations..................................................................................................................................... 609

20

Contents

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Dell PowerSwitch S4048-ON Owner's manual

Dell PowerSwitch S4048-ON Owner's manual

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