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PowerSwitch S4048-ON

Dell PowerSwitch S4048-ON Owner's manual

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Dell Conguration Guide for the S4048–ON
System
9.14.1.0
Notes, cautions, and warnings
NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your product.
CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the problem.
WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.
© 2018 Dell Inc. or its subsidiaries. All rights reserved. Dell, EMC, and other trademarks are trademarks of Dell Inc. or its subsidiaries. Other trademarks
may be trademarks of their respective owners.
2018 - 11
Rev. A00
Contents
1 About this Guide...........................................................................................................................................38
Audience............................................................................................................................................................................38
Conventions......................................................................................................................................................................38
Related Documents......................................................................................................................................................... 38
2 Conguration Fundamentals........................................................................................................................ 39
Accessing the Command Line........................................................................................................................................39
CLI Modes.........................................................................................................................................................................39
Navigating CLI Modes................................................................................................................................................41
The do Command............................................................................................................................................................ 44
Undoing Commands........................................................................................................................................................ 44
Obtaining Help..................................................................................................................................................................45
Entering and Editing Commands................................................................................................................................... 45
Command History............................................................................................................................................................46
Filtering show Command Outputs.................................................................................................................................46
Example of the grep Keyword.................................................................................................................................. 46
Multiple Users in Conguration Mode........................................................................................................................... 47
3 Getting Started............................................................................................................................................48
Console Access................................................................................................................................................................49
Serial Console.............................................................................................................................................................49
Accessing the CLI Interface and Running Scripts Using SSH....................................................................................50
Entering CLI commands Using an SSH Connection..............................................................................................50
Executing Local CLI Scripts Using an SSH Connection........................................................................................50
Default Conguration....................................................................................................................................................... 51
Conguring a Host Name................................................................................................................................................ 51
Accessing the System Remotely.................................................................................................................................... 51
Accessing the System Remotely.............................................................................................................................. 51
Congure the Management Port IP Address..........................................................................................................51
Congure a Management Route..............................................................................................................................52
Conguring a Username and Password..................................................................................................................52
Conguring the Enable Password..................................................................................................................................53
Conguration File Management.....................................................................................................................................53
Copy Files to and from the System......................................................................................................................... 54
Mounting an NFS File System..................................................................................................................................54
Save the Running-Conguration..............................................................................................................................56
Congure the Overload Bit for a Startup Scenario................................................................................................57
Viewing Files............................................................................................................................................................... 57
Compressing Conguration Files............................................................................................................................. 58
Managing the File System.............................................................................................................................................. 60
Enabling Software Features on Devices Using a Command Option.......................................................................... 61
View Command History................................................................................................................................................... 61
Contents
3
Upgrading Dell EMC Networking OS............................................................................................................................ 62
Verify Software Images Before Installation...................................................................................................................62
Using HTTP for File Transfers........................................................................................................................................ 63
4 Management................................................................................................................................................64
Conguring Privilege Levels............................................................................................................................................64
Creating a Custom Privilege Level...........................................................................................................................65
Removing a Command from EXEC Mode.............................................................................................................. 65
Moving a Command from EXEC Privilege Mode to EXEC Mode....................................................................... 65
Allowing Access to CONFIGURATION Mode Commands....................................................................................65
Allowing Access to Dierent Modes........................................................................................................................65
Applying a Privilege Level to a Username............................................................................................................... 67
Applying a Privilege Level to a Terminal Line...........................................................................................................67
Conguring Logging.........................................................................................................................................................67
Audit and Security Logs............................................................................................................................................ 68
Conguring Logging Format ...................................................................................................................................70
Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration.................................................................................. 70
Setting Up a Secure Connection to a Syslog Server..............................................................................................71
Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server...................................................................................................... 72
Track Login Activity..........................................................................................................................................................72
Restrictions for Tracking Login Activity...................................................................................................................72
Conguring Login Activity Tracking......................................................................................................................... 72
Display Login Statistics..............................................................................................................................................73
Limit Concurrent Login Sessions....................................................................................................................................74
Restrictions for Limiting the Number of Concurrent Sessions.............................................................................74
Conguring Concurrent Session Limit.....................................................................................................................75
Enabling the System to Clear Existing Sessions.................................................................................................... 75
Enabling Secured CLI Mode........................................................................................................................................... 76
Log Messages in the Internal Buer..............................................................................................................................76
Conguration Task List for System Log Management.......................................................................................... 76
Disabling System Logging............................................................................................................................................... 76
Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server............................................................................................................ 77
Conguring a UNIX System as a Syslog Server.....................................................................................................77
Changing System Logging Settings...............................................................................................................................77
Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration........................................................................................ 78
Conguring a UNIX Logging Facility Level....................................................................................................................79
Synchronizing Log Messages.........................................................................................................................................80
Enabling Timestamp on Syslog Messages....................................................................................................................80
File Transfer Services....................................................................................................................................................... 81
Conguration Task List for File Transfer Services...................................................................................................81
Enabling the FTP Server............................................................................................................................................81
Conguring FTP Server Parameters........................................................................................................................ 81
Conguring FTP Client Parameters.........................................................................................................................82
Terminal Lines................................................................................................................................................................... 82
Denying and Permitting Access to a Terminal Line................................................................................................83
Conguring Login Authentication for Terminal Lines.............................................................................................84
4
Contents
Setting Timeout for EXEC Privilege Mode...................................................................................................................85
Using Telnet to get to Another Network Device..........................................................................................................85
Lock CONFIGURATION Mode....................................................................................................................................... 86
Viewing the Conguration Lock Status...................................................................................................................86
Reloading the system...................................................................................................................................................... 86
Restoring the Factory Default Settings.........................................................................................................................87
Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................87
Restoring Factory Default Environment Variables................................................................................................. 88
Viewing the Reason for Last System Reboot.............................................................................................................. 89
5 802.1X......................................................................................................................................................... 90
Port-Authentication Process.......................................................................................................................................... 92
EAP over RADIUS......................................................................................................................................................92
Conguring 802.1X...........................................................................................................................................................93
Related Conguration Tasks..................................................................................................................................... 93
Important Points to Remember......................................................................................................................................93
Enabling 802.1X................................................................................................................................................................ 94
Conguring dot1x Prole ................................................................................................................................................95
Conguring MAC addresses for a do1x Prole.............................................................................................................96
Conguring the Static MAB and MAB Prole .............................................................................................................96
Conguring Critical VLAN ..............................................................................................................................................97
Conguring Request Identity Re-Transmissions...........................................................................................................98
Conguring a Quiet Period after a Failed Authentication..................................................................................... 98
Forcibly Authorizing or Unauthorizing a Port............................................................................................................... 99
Re-Authenticating a Port.............................................................................................................................................. 100
Conguring Timeouts..................................................................................................................................................... 101
Conguring Dynamic VLAN Assignment with Port Authentication......................................................................... 102
Guest and Authentication-Fail VLANs.........................................................................................................................103
Conguring a Guest VLAN......................................................................................................................................103
Conguring an Authentication-Fail VLAN............................................................................................................. 103
6 Access Control List (ACL) VLAN Groups and Content Addressable Memory (CAM).................................. 105
Optimizing CAM Utilization During the Attachment of ACLs to VLANs................................................................. 105
Guidelines for Conguring ACL VLAN Groups........................................................................................................... 106
Conguring ACL VLAN Groups and Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters...............................................106
Conguring ACL VLAN Groups.............................................................................................................................. 106
Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters....................................................................................................... 107
Viewing CAM Usage...................................................................................................................................................... 108
Allocating FP Blocks for VLAN Processes.................................................................................................................. 109
Unied Forwarding Table (UFT) Modes.......................................................................................................................110
Conguring UFT Modes...........................................................................................................................................110
7 Access Control Lists (ACLs)........................................................................................................................ 111
IP Access Control Lists (ACLs)......................................................................................................................................112
CAM Usage................................................................................................................................................................113
Implementing ACLs on Dell EMC Networking OS.................................................................................................113
Contents
5
Important Points to Remember.....................................................................................................................................115
Conguration Task List for Route Maps.................................................................................................................115
Conguring Match Routes....................................................................................................................................... 117
Conguring Set Conditions......................................................................................................................................119
Congure a Route Map for Route Redistribution.................................................................................................120
Congure a Route Map for Route Tagging........................................................................................................... 120
Continue Clause........................................................................................................................................................ 121
IP Fragment Handling..................................................................................................................................................... 121
IP Fragments ACL Examples....................................................................................................................................121
Layer 4 ACL Rules Examples...................................................................................................................................122
Congure a Standard IP ACL........................................................................................................................................ 122
Conguring a Standard IP ACL Filter..................................................................................................................... 123
Congure an Extended IP ACL..................................................................................................................................... 124
Conguring Filters with a Sequence Number....................................................................................................... 124
Conguring Filters Without a Sequence Number.................................................................................................126
Congure Layer 2 and Layer 3 ACLs............................................................................................................................126
Assign an IP ACL to an Interface.................................................................................................................................. 127
Applying an IP ACL......................................................................................................................................................... 127
Counting ACL Hits....................................................................................................................................................128
Congure Ingress ACLs................................................................................................................................................. 128
Congure Egress ACLs..................................................................................................................................................129
Applying Egress Layer 3 ACLs (Control-Plane).................................................................................................... 130
IP Prex Lists.................................................................................................................................................................. 130
Implementation Information..................................................................................................................................... 131
Conguration Task List for Prex Lists...................................................................................................................131
ACL Remarks.................................................................................................................................................................. 134
Conguring a Remark.............................................................................................................................................. 134
Deleting a Remark.................................................................................................................................................... 135
ACL Resequencing......................................................................................................................................................... 136
Resequencing an ACL or Prex List.......................................................................................................................136
Route Maps..................................................................................................................................................................... 137
Implementation Information.....................................................................................................................................137
Logging of ACL Processes............................................................................................................................................ 138
Guidelines for Conguring ACL Logging................................................................................................................139
Conguring ACL Logging.........................................................................................................................................139
Flow-Based Monitoring..................................................................................................................................................140
Behavior of Flow-Based Monitoring.......................................................................................................................140
Enabling Flow-Based Monitoring.............................................................................................................................141
Conguring UDF ACL.....................................................................................................................................................142
Conguring IP Mirror Access Group............................................................................................................................ 145
Sample Conguration...............................................................................................................................................146
Example of viewing IP mirror–access–group applied to an Interface................................................................146
8 Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD).................................................................................................. 147
How BFD Works............................................................................................................................................................. 147
BFD Packet Format..................................................................................................................................................148
6
Contents
BFD Sessions............................................................................................................................................................ 149
BFD Three-Way Handshake....................................................................................................................................150
Session State Changes............................................................................................................................................152
Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................................... 152
Congure BFD................................................................................................................................................................ 152
Congure BFD for Physical Ports...........................................................................................................................153
Congure BFD for Static Routes............................................................................................................................154
Congure BFD for IPv6 Static Routes...................................................................................................................158
Congure BFD for OSPF.........................................................................................................................................160
Congure BFD for OSPFv3.....................................................................................................................................165
Congure BFD for IS-IS...........................................................................................................................................168
Congure BFD for BGP........................................................................................................................................... 170
Congure BFD for VRRP.........................................................................................................................................178
Conguring Protocol Liveness................................................................................................................................180
9 Border Gateway Protocol (BGP)................................................................................................................. 181
BGP IP version 4 (BGPv4) Overview...........................................................................................................................181
BGP Autonomous Systems...........................................................................................................................................182
AS4 Number Representation.................................................................................................................................. 183
Four-Byte AS Numbers........................................................................................................................................... 185
Multiprotocol BGP..........................................................................................................................................................185
Sessions and Peers........................................................................................................................................................ 186
Establish a Session...................................................................................................................................................186
BGP global and address family conguration..............................................................................................................187
BGP global conguration default values................................................................................................................ 187
BGP Attributes for selecting Best Path.......................................................................................................................188
Best Path Selection Criteria....................................................................................................................................188
Weight........................................................................................................................................................................190
Local Preference.......................................................................................................................................................190
Multi-Exit Discriminators (MEDs)........................................................................................................................... 191
Origin..........................................................................................................................................................................192
AS Path......................................................................................................................................................................193
Next Hop................................................................................................................................................................... 193
Implement BGP with Dell EMC Networking OS.........................................................................................................194
Additional Path (Add-Path) Support......................................................................................................................194
Advertise IGP Cost as MED for Redistributed Routes........................................................................................ 194
Ignore Router-ID in Best-Path Calculation............................................................................................................ 195
AS Number Migration.............................................................................................................................................. 195
BGP4 Management Information Base (MIB)........................................................................................................196
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................196
Conguration Information..............................................................................................................................................197
Basic BGP conguration tasks......................................................................................................................................197
Enabling BGP............................................................................................................................................................ 197
Conguring a BGP peer..........................................................................................................................................200
Conguring AS4 Number Representations........................................................................................................... 201
Conguring a BGP VRF address family................................................................................................................ 202
Contents
7
Route-refresh and Soft-reconguration............................................................................................................... 204
Aggregating Routes................................................................................................................................................. 207
Filtering BGP Routes............................................................................................................................................... 207
Filtering BGP Routes Using Route Maps..............................................................................................................207
Filtering BGP Routes Using AS-PATH Information............................................................................................. 208
Conguring Peer Groups........................................................................................................................................ 209
Conguring BGP Fast Fall-Over............................................................................................................................. 217
Conguring Passive Peering................................................................................................................................... 218
Maintaining Existing AS Numbers During an AS Migration.................................................................................219
Allowing an AS Number to Appear in its Own AS Path...................................................................................... 220
Enabling Graceful Restart........................................................................................................................................221
Filtering on an AS-Path Attribute...........................................................................................................................222
Regular Expressions as Filters................................................................................................................................ 223
Redistributing Routes..............................................................................................................................................224
Redistributing iBGP Routes into IGP.....................................................................................................................225
Enabling Additional Paths........................................................................................................................................228
Conguring IP Community Lists............................................................................................................................ 228
Conguring an IP Extended Community List....................................................................................................... 230
Filtering Routes with Community Lists................................................................................................................. 230
Manipulating the COMMUNITY Attribute.............................................................................................................231
Changing MED Attributes.......................................................................................................................................233
Changing the LOCAL_PREFERENCE Attribute..................................................................................................233
Conguring the local System or a Dierent System to be the Next Hop for BGP-Learned Routes.............234
Changing the WEIGHT Attribute........................................................................................................................... 234
Enabling Multipath...................................................................................................................................................235
Route Reectors......................................................................................................................................................235
Conguring BGP Confederations...........................................................................................................................237
Enabling Route Flap Dampening............................................................................................................................ 237
Changing BGP keepalive and hold timers.............................................................................................................239
Setting the extended timer.................................................................................................................................... 240
Enabling or disabling BGP neighbors......................................................................................................................241
Route Map Continue............................................................................................................................................... 242
Enabling MBGP Congurations....................................................................................................................................243
MBGP support for IPv6................................................................................................................................................ 243
Conguring IPv6 MBGP between peers.....................................................................................................................243
Example-Conguring IPv4 and IPv6 neighbors......................................................................................................... 244
Congure IPv6 NH Automatically for IPv6 Prex Advertised over IPv4 Neighbor............................................... 246
BGP Regular Expression Optimization........................................................................................................................248
Debugging BGP..............................................................................................................................................................248
Storing Last and Bad PDUs....................................................................................................................................249
Capturing PDUs.......................................................................................................................................................250
PDU Counters...........................................................................................................................................................251
10 Content Addressable Memory (CAM).......................................................................................................252
CAM Allocation...............................................................................................................................................................252
Test CAM Usage............................................................................................................................................................254
8
Contents
View CAM-ACL Settings.............................................................................................................................................. 254
View CAM Usage...........................................................................................................................................................256
Conguring CAM Threshold and Silence Period........................................................................................................256
Setting CAM Threshold and Silence Period......................................................................................................... 256
CAM Optimization..........................................................................................................................................................257
Troubleshoot CAM Proling..........................................................................................................................................258
QoS CAM Region Limitation...................................................................................................................................258
11 Control Plane Policing (CoPP).................................................................................................................. 259
Congure Control Plane Policing................................................................................................................................. 260
Conguring CoPP for Protocols............................................................................................................................. 261
Conguring CoPP for CPU Queues...................................................................................................................... 263
CoPP for OSPFv3 Packets.....................................................................................................................................264
Conguring CoPP for OSPFv3...............................................................................................................................267
Displaying CoPP Conguration ............................................................................................................................. 267
12 Data Center Bridging (DCB)..................................................................................................................... 270
Ethernet Enhancements in Data Center Bridging......................................................................................................270
Priority-Based Flow Control.................................................................................................................................... 271
Enhanced Transmission Selection..........................................................................................................................272
Data Center Bridging Exchange Protocol (DCBx)...............................................................................................273
Data Center Bridging in a Trac Flow...................................................................................................................274
Enabling Data Center Bridging......................................................................................................................................274
DCB Maps and its Attributes..................................................................................................................................275
Data Center Bridging: Default Conguration..............................................................................................................276
Conguring Priority-Based Flow Control.................................................................................................................... 276
Conguring Lossless Queues..................................................................................................................................277
Conguring PFC in a DCB Map....................................................................................................................................278
PFC Conguration Notes........................................................................................................................................278
PFC Prerequisites and Restrictions....................................................................................................................... 279
Applying a DCB Map on a Port.................................................................................................................................... 279
Conguring PFC without a DCB Map.........................................................................................................................280
Conguring Lossless QueuesExample:..................................................................................................................280
Priority-Based Flow Control Using Dynamic Buer Method....................................................................................282
Pause and Resume of Trac..................................................................................................................................282
Buer Sizes for Lossless or PFC Packets.............................................................................................................282
Behavior of Tagged Packets.........................................................................................................................................283
Conguration Example for DSCP and PFC Priorities................................................................................................283
Using PFC to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac...................................................................................................284
Congure Enhanced Transmission Selection..............................................................................................................284
ETS Prerequisites and Restrictions....................................................................................................................... 284
Creating an ETS Priority Group............................................................................................................................. 285
ETS Operation with DCBx......................................................................................................................................286
Conguring Bandwidth Allocation for DCBx CIN................................................................................................ 286
Conguring ETS in a DCB Map..............................................................................................................................287
Hierarchical Scheduling in ETS Output Policies......................................................................................................... 288
Contents
9
Using ETS to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac...................................................................................................289
Applying DCB Policies in a Switch Stack.................................................................................................................... 289
Congure a DCBx Operation........................................................................................................................................289
DCBx Operation.......................................................................................................................................................289
DCBx Port Roles......................................................................................................................................................290
DCB Conguration Exchange................................................................................................................................. 291
Conguration Source Election................................................................................................................................ 291
Propagation of DCB Information............................................................................................................................292
Auto-Detection and Manual Conguration of the DCBx Version...................................................................... 292
DCBx Example..........................................................................................................................................................293
DCBx Prerequisites and Restrictions.....................................................................................................................293
Conguring DCBx....................................................................................................................................................293
Verifying the DCB Conguration..................................................................................................................................297
QoS dot1p Trac Classication and Queue Assignment..........................................................................................306
Conguring the Dynamic Buer Method....................................................................................................................307
Sample DCB Conguration...........................................................................................................................................308
PFC and ETS Conguration Command Examples............................................................................................... 310
13 Dynamic Host Conguration Protocol (DHCP).......................................................................................... 311
DHCP Packet Format and Options...............................................................................................................................311
Assign an IP Address using DHCP................................................................................................................................313
Implementation Information.......................................................................................................................................... 314
Congure the System to be a DHCP Server.............................................................................................................. 314
Conguring the Server for Automatic Address Allocation.................................................................................. 315
Specifying a Default Gateway.................................................................................................................................316
Congure a Method of Hostname Resolution...................................................................................................... 317
Using DNS for Address Resolution.........................................................................................................................317
Using NetBIOS WINS for Address Resolution...................................................................................................... 317
Creating Manual Binding Entries.............................................................................................................................317
Debugging the DHCP Server..................................................................................................................................318
Using DHCP Clear Commands............................................................................................................................... 318
Congure the System to be a Relay Agent................................................................................................................. 318
Congure the System to be a DHCP Client............................................................................................................... 320
Conguring the DHCP Client System...................................................................................................................320
DHCP Client on a Management Interface............................................................................................................ 322
DHCP Client Operation with Other Features.......................................................................................................322
DHCP Relay When DHCP Server and Client are in Dierent VRFs........................................................................ 323
Conguring Route Leaking between VRFs on DHCP Relay Agent................................................................... 323
Non-default VRF conguration for DHCPv6 helper address................................................................................... 324
Conguring DHCP relay source interface...................................................................................................................325
Global DHCP relay source IPv4 or IPv6 conguration ....................................................................................... 325
Interface level DHCP relay source IPv4 or IPv6 conguration ..........................................................................325
Congure the System for User Port Stacking (Option 230)....................................................................................327
Congure Secure DHCP............................................................................................................................................... 327
Option 82.................................................................................................................................................................. 327
DHCP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................................328
10
Contents
Drop DHCP Packets on Snooped VLANs Only....................................................................................................332
Dynamic ARP Inspection.........................................................................................................................................333
Conguring Dynamic ARP Inspection................................................................................................................... 333
Source Address Validation............................................................................................................................................ 335
Enabling IP Source Address Validation..................................................................................................................335
DHCP MAC Source Address Validation................................................................................................................ 336
Enabling IP+MAC Source Address Validation.......................................................................................................336
Viewing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets....................................................................................................337
Clearing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets................................................................................................... 337
14 Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP)................................................................................................................ 338
ECMP for Flow-Based Anity.....................................................................................................................................338
Conguring the Hash Algorithm............................................................................................................................ 338
Enabling Deterministic ECMP Next Hop.............................................................................................................. 338
Conguring the Hash Algorithm Seed.................................................................................................................. 339
Link Bundle Monitoring................................................................................................................................................. 339
Managing ECMP Group Paths...............................................................................................................................340
Creating an ECMP Group Bundle..........................................................................................................................340
Modifying the ECMP Group Threshold.................................................................................................................340
RTAG7..............................................................................................................................................................................341
Flow-based Hashing for ECMP....................................................................................................................................342
15 FIP Snooping............................................................................................................................................345
Fibre Channel over Ethernet........................................................................................................................................ 345
Ensure Robustness in a Converged Ethernet Network............................................................................................345
FIP Snooping on Ethernet Bridges.............................................................................................................................. 347
FIP Snooping in a Switch Stack...................................................................................................................................349
Using FIP Snooping....................................................................................................................................................... 349
FIP Snooping Prerequisites.....................................................................................................................................349
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 349
Enabling the FCoE Transit Feature........................................................................................................................350
Enable FIP Snooping on VLANs..............................................................................................................................351
Congure the FC-MAP Value................................................................................................................................. 351
Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-Bridge Link........................................................................................................351
Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-FCF Link............................................................................................................351
Impact on Other Software Features...................................................................................................................... 351
FIP Snooping Restrictions...................................................................................................................................... 352
Conguring FIP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................352
Displaying FIP Snooping Information...........................................................................................................................353
FCoE Transit Conguration Example.......................................................................................................................... 358
16 Flex Hash and Optimized Boot-Up............................................................................................................360
Flex Hash Capability Overview.................................................................................................................................... 360
Conguring the Flex Hash Mechanism.......................................................................................................................360
Conguring Fast Boot and LACP Fast Switchover....................................................................................................361
Optimizing the Boot Time............................................................................................................................................. 361
Contents
11
Booting Process When Optimized Boot Time Mechanism is Enabled...............................................................361
Guidelines for Conguring Optimized Booting Mechanism................................................................................362
Interoperation of Applications with Fast Boot and System States..........................................................................363
LACP and IPv4 Routing.......................................................................................................................................... 363
LACP and IPv6 Routing.......................................................................................................................................... 363
BGP Graceful Restart............................................................................................................................................. 364
Cold Boot Caused by Power Cycling the System................................................................................................364
Unexpected Reload of the System........................................................................................................................364
Software Upgrade................................................................................................................................................... 364
LACP Fast Switchover............................................................................................................................................364
Changes to BGP Multipath.................................................................................................................................... 365
Delayed Installation of ECMP Routes Into BGP...................................................................................................365
RDMA Over Converged Ethernet (RoCE) Overview............................................................................................... 365
Preserving 802.1Q VLAN Tag Value for Lite Subinterfaces......................................................................................366
17 FIPS Cryptography................................................................................................................................... 367
Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................................... 367
Preparing the System....................................................................................................................................................367
Enabling FIPS Mode...................................................................................................................................................... 368
Generating Host-Keys...................................................................................................................................................368
Monitoring FIPS Mode Status......................................................................................................................................368
Disabling FIPS Mode..................................................................................................................................................... 369
18 Force10 Resilient Ring Protocol (FRRP)................................................................................................... 370
Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 370
Ring Status................................................................................................................................................................ 371
Multiple FRRP Rings................................................................................................................................................ 371
Important FRRP Points........................................................................................................................................... 372
Important FRRP Concepts..................................................................................................................................... 373
Implementing FRRP....................................................................................................................................................... 374
FRRP Conguration.......................................................................................................................................................374
Creating the FRRP Group....................................................................................................................................... 374
Conguring the Control VLAN............................................................................................................................... 375
Conguring and Adding the Member VLANs.......................................................................................................376
Setting the FRRP Timers........................................................................................................................................ 377
Clearing the FRRP Counters.................................................................................................................................. 377
Viewing the FRRP Conguration........................................................................................................................... 377
Viewing the FRRP Information...............................................................................................................................377
Troubleshooting FRRP...................................................................................................................................................378
Conguration Checks.............................................................................................................................................. 378
Sample Conguration and Topology............................................................................................................................ 378
FRRP Support on VLT...................................................................................................................................................379
Example Scenario.................................................................................................................................................... 380
Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 381
19 GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP)..............................................................................................382
12
Contents
Important Points to Remember....................................................................................................................................382
Congure GVRP............................................................................................................................................................ 383
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................383
Enabling GVRP Globally................................................................................................................................................ 384
Enabling GVRP on a Layer 2 Interface........................................................................................................................384
Congure GVRP Registration...................................................................................................................................... 384
Congure a GARP Timer.............................................................................................................................................. 385
RPM Redundancy..........................................................................................................................................................385
20 High Availability (HA)............................................................................................................................... 387
Component Redundancy.............................................................................................................................................. 387
Automatic and Manual Stack Unit Failover...........................................................................................................387
Synchronization between Management and Standby Units..............................................................................388
Forcing a Stack Unit Failover................................................................................................................................. 388
Specifying an Auto-Failover Limit..........................................................................................................................389
Disabling Auto-Reboot............................................................................................................................................ 389
Pre-Conguring a Stack Unit Slot............................................................................................................................... 389
Removing a Provisioned Logical Stack Unit............................................................................................................... 389
Hitless Behavior............................................................................................................................................................. 389
Graceful Restart............................................................................................................................................................ 390
Software Resiliency.......................................................................................................................................................390
Software Component Health Monitoring............................................................................................................. 390
System Health Monitoring......................................................................................................................................390
Failure and Event Logging....................................................................................................................................... 391
Hot-Lock Behavior......................................................................................................................................................... 391
21 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP)......................................................................................... 392
IGMP Implementation Information...............................................................................................................................392
IGMP Protocol Overview..............................................................................................................................................392
IGMP Version 2........................................................................................................................................................ 392
IGMP Version 3........................................................................................................................................................ 394
Congure IGMP............................................................................................................................................................. 397
Related Conguration Tasks................................................................................................................................... 397
Viewing IGMP Enabled Interfaces...............................................................................................................................398
Selecting an IGMP Version...........................................................................................................................................398
Viewing IGMP Groups...................................................................................................................................................399
Adjusting Timers............................................................................................................................................................ 399
Adjusting Query and Response Timers................................................................................................................. 399
Preventing a Host from Joining a Group.................................................................................................................... 400
Enabling IGMP Immediate-Leave.................................................................................................................................403
IGMP Snooping..............................................................................................................................................................403
IGMP Snooping Implementation Information....................................................................................................... 403
Conguring IGMP Snooping...................................................................................................................................403
Removing a Group-Port Association.....................................................................................................................404
Disabling Multicast Flooding...................................................................................................................................404
Specifying a Port as Connected to a Multicast Router...................................................................................... 405
Contents
13
Conguring the Switch as Querier........................................................................................................................ 405
Fast Convergence after MSTP Topology Changes...................................................................................................406
Egress Interface Selection (EIS) for HTTP and IGMP Applications........................................................................406
Protocol Separation.................................................................................................................................................406
Enabling and Disabling Management Egress Interface Selection...................................................................... 407
Handling of Management Route Conguration................................................................................................... 408
Handling of Switch-Initiated Trac.......................................................................................................................409
Handling of Switch-Destined Trac..................................................................................................................... 409
Handling of Transit Trac (Trac Separation).....................................................................................................410
Mapping of Management Applications and Trac Type..................................................................................... 410
Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Initiated Trac ..............................................................................411
Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Destined Trac ........................................................................... 412
Interworking of EIS With Various Applications......................................................................................................413
Designating a Multicast Router Interface....................................................................................................................413
22 Interfaces................................................................................................................................................. 415
Basic Interface Conguration........................................................................................................................................415
Advanced Interface Conguration............................................................................................................................... 415
Interface Types............................................................................................................................................................... 416
View Basic Interface Information..................................................................................................................................416
Resetting an Interface to its Factory Default State................................................................................................... 418
Enabling a Physical Interface........................................................................................................................................ 419
Physical Interfaces......................................................................................................................................................... 419
Conguration Task List for Physical Interfaces.....................................................................................................419
Overview of Layer Modes...................................................................................................................................... 420
Conguring Layer 2 (Data Link) Mode..................................................................................................................420
Conguring Layer 2 (Interface) Mode.................................................................................................................. 420
Conguring Layer 3 (Network) Mode....................................................................................................................421
Conguring Layer 3 (Interface) Mode................................................................................................................... 421
Monitoring internal physical temperature of 10GBase-T optical ports.................................................................... 422
Enabling temperature polling on ports...................................................................................................................424
Setting the reset port to normal mode................................................................................................................. 424
Automatic recovery of an Err-disabled interface....................................................................................................... 424
Conguring an automatic recovery for an Err-disabled interface......................................................................425
Egress Interface Selection (EIS)..................................................................................................................................426
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 426
Conguring EIS........................................................................................................................................................ 426
Management Interfaces................................................................................................................................................426
Conguring Management Interfaces.....................................................................................................................426
Conguring a Management Interface on an Ethernet Port................................................................................428
VLAN Interfaces............................................................................................................................................................ 429
Loopback Interfaces......................................................................................................................................................429
Null Interfaces................................................................................................................................................................ 430
Port Channel Interfaces................................................................................................................................................430
Port Channel Denition and Standards.................................................................................................................430
Port Channel Benets.............................................................................................................................................430
14
Contents
Port Channel Implementation................................................................................................................................. 431
Interfaces in Port Channels..................................................................................................................................... 431
Conguration Tasks for Port Channel Interfaces.................................................................................................432
Creating a Port Channel..........................................................................................................................................432
Adding a Physical Interface to a Port Channel.....................................................................................................432
Reassigning an Interface to a New Port Channel................................................................................................434
Conguring the Minimum Oper Up Links in a Port Channel.............................................................................. 435
Adding or Removing a Port Channel from a VLAN............................................................................................. 435
Assigning an IP Address to a Port Channel.......................................................................................................... 436
Deleting or Disabling a Port Channel.....................................................................................................................436
Load Balancing Through Port Channels................................................................................................................437
Changing the Hash Algorithm................................................................................................................................ 437
Bulk Conguration......................................................................................................................................................... 438
Interface Range........................................................................................................................................................438
Bulk Conguration Examples..................................................................................................................................438
Dening Interface Range Macros................................................................................................................................ 440
Dene the Interface Range.................................................................................................................................... 440
Choosing an Interface-Range Macro.................................................................................................................... 440
Monitoring and Maintaining Interfaces....................................................................................................................... 440
Maintenance Using TDR..........................................................................................................................................441
Non Dell-Qualied Transceivers................................................................................................................................... 442
Splitting 40G Ports without Reload.............................................................................................................................442
Splitting QSFP Ports to SFP+ Ports........................................................................................................................... 444
Converting a QSFP or QSFP+ Port to an SFP or SFP+ Port..................................................................................444
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 445
Example Scenarios.................................................................................................................................................. 445
Conguring wavelength for 10–Gigabit SFP+ optics................................................................................................446
Link Dampening..............................................................................................................................................................447
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................447
Conguration Example of Link Dampening...........................................................................................................448
Enabling Link Dampening........................................................................................................................................450
Link Bundle Monitoring.................................................................................................................................................. 451
Using Ethernet Pause Frames for Flow Control........................................................................................................ 452
Enabling Pause Frames........................................................................................................................................... 452
Congure the MTU Size on an Interface....................................................................................................................453
Port-Pipes.......................................................................................................................................................................454
Auto-Negotiation on Ethernet Interfaces...................................................................................................................454
Setting the Speed of Ethernet Interfaces............................................................................................................ 454
Set Auto-Negotiation Options............................................................................................................................... 456
View Advanced Interface Information.........................................................................................................................456
Conguring the Interface Sampling Size...............................................................................................................457
Conguring the Trac Sampling Size Globally.......................................................................................................... 458
Dynamic Counters......................................................................................................................................................... 460
Clearing Interface Counters................................................................................................................................... 460
Discard Counters............................................................................................................................................................ 461
Contents
15
Display discard counters.......................................................................................................................................... 461
23 Internet Protocol Security (IPSec)...........................................................................................................463
Conguring IPSec .........................................................................................................................................................463
24 IPv4 Routing............................................................................................................................................465
IP Addresses...................................................................................................................................................................466
Implementation Information....................................................................................................................................466
Conguration Tasks for IP Addresses......................................................................................................................... 466
Assigning IP Addresses to an Interface.......................................................................................................................466
Conguring Static Routes.............................................................................................................................................467
Congure Static Routes for the Management Interface..........................................................................................468
IPv4 Path MTU Discovery Overview.......................................................................................................................... 469
Packet handling during MTU mismatch................................................................................................................469
Using the Congured Source IP Address in ICMP Messages..................................................................................469
Conguring the ICMP Source Interface............................................................................................................... 469
Conguring the Duration to Establish a TCP Connection........................................................................................ 470
Enabling Directed Broadcast........................................................................................................................................ 470
Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................................................470
Enabling Dynamic Resolution of Host Names.............................................................................................................471
Specifying the Local System Domain and a List of Domains.................................................................................... 471
Conguring DNS with Traceroute................................................................................................................................472
ARP..................................................................................................................................................................................472
Conguration Tasks for ARP........................................................................................................................................ 473
Conguring Static ARP Entries....................................................................................................................................473
Enabling Proxy ARP.......................................................................................................................................................473
Clearing ARP Cache...................................................................................................................................................... 474
ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................................474
Enabling ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................ 474
ARP Learning via ARP Request....................................................................................................................................474
Conguring ARP Retries............................................................................................................................................... 475
ICMP................................................................................................................................................................................476
Conguration Tasks for ICMP...................................................................................................................................... 476
Enabling ICMP Unreachable Messages...................................................................................................................... 476
UDP Helper.....................................................................................................................................................................476
Congure UDP Helper.............................................................................................................................................476
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................477
Enabling UDP Helper..................................................................................................................................................... 477
Congurations Using UDP Helper................................................................................................................................477
UDP Helper with Broadcast-All Addresses................................................................................................................. 477
UDP Helper with Subnet Broadcast Addresses.........................................................................................................478
UDP Helper with Congured Broadcast Addresses.................................................................................................. 479
UDP Helper with No Congured Broadcast Addresses............................................................................................479
Troubleshooting UDP Helper........................................................................................................................................ 479
25 IPv6 Routing............................................................................................................................................ 481
16
Contents
Protocol Overview..........................................................................................................................................................481
Extended Address Space........................................................................................................................................482
Stateless Autoconguration................................................................................................................................... 482
IPv6 Headers............................................................................................................................................................482
IPv6 Header Fields...................................................................................................................................................483
Extension Header Fields......................................................................................................................................... 485
Addressing................................................................................................................................................................ 486
Implementing IPv6 with Dell EMC Networking OS................................................................................................... 487
ICMPv6...........................................................................................................................................................................488
Path MTU discovery..................................................................................................................................................... 489
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery..............................................................................................................................................489
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery of MTU Packets.......................................................................................................... 490
Conguration Task List for IPv6 RDNSS.................................................................................................................... 490
Conguring the IPv6 Recursive DNS Server....................................................................................................... 490
Debugging IPv6 RDNSS Information Sent to the Host ......................................................................................491
Displaying IPv6 RDNSS Information......................................................................................................................492
Secure Shell (SSH) Over an IPv6 Transport.............................................................................................................. 492
Conguration Tasks for IPv6........................................................................................................................................ 493
Adjusting Your CAM-Prole....................................................................................................................................493
Assigning an IPv6 Address to an Interface...........................................................................................................494
Assigning a Static IPv6 Route................................................................................................................................494
Conguring Telnet with IPv6..................................................................................................................................495
SNMP over IPv6......................................................................................................................................................495
Displaying IPv6 Information....................................................................................................................................495
Displaying an IPv6 Interface Information.............................................................................................................. 496
Showing IPv6 Routes..............................................................................................................................................496
Showing the Running-Conguration for an Interface.........................................................................................498
Clearing IPv6 Routes...............................................................................................................................................498
Disabling ND Entry Timeout................................................................................................................................... 498
Conguring IPv6 RA Guard.......................................................................................................................................... 499
Conguring IPv6 RA Guard on an Interface.........................................................................................................500
Monitoring IPv6 RA Guard...................................................................................................................................... 501
26 iSCSI Optimization.................................................................................................................................. 502
iSCSI Optimization Overview.......................................................................................................................................502
Monitoring iSCSI Trac Flows...............................................................................................................................504
Application of Quality of Service to iSCSI Trac Flows..................................................................................... 504
Information Monitored in iSCSI Trac Flows.......................................................................................................504
Detection and Auto-Conguration for Dell EqualLogic Arrays...........................................................................505
Conguring Detection and Ports for Dell Compellent Arrays.............................................................................505
Synchronizing iSCSI Sessions Learned on VLT-Lags with VLT-Peer.................................................................506
Enable and Disable iSCSI Optimization.................................................................................................................506
Default iSCSI Optimization Values...............................................................................................................................507
iSCSI Optimization Prerequisites................................................................................................................................. 507
Conguring iSCSI Optimization....................................................................................................................................507
Displaying iSCSI Optimization Information................................................................................................................. 509
Contents
17
27 Intermediate System to Intermediate System............................................................................................511
IS-IS Protocol Overview................................................................................................................................................. 511
IS-IS Addressing.............................................................................................................................................................. 511
Multi-Topology IS-IS....................................................................................................................................................... 512
Transition Mode........................................................................................................................................................ 512
Interface Support..................................................................................................................................................... 513
Adjacencies................................................................................................................................................................513
Graceful Restart............................................................................................................................................................. 513
Timers........................................................................................................................................................................ 513
Implementation Information.......................................................................................................................................... 513
Conguration Information..............................................................................................................................................514
Conguration Tasks for IS-IS.................................................................................................................................. 515
Conguring the Distance of a Route.....................................................................................................................522
Changing the IS-Type.............................................................................................................................................. 523
Redistributing IPv4 Routes.....................................................................................................................................525
Redistributing IPv6 Routes.....................................................................................................................................526
Conguring Authentication Passwords................................................................................................................. 527
Setting the Overload Bit......................................................................................................................................... 527
Debugging IS-IS....................................................................................................................................................... 528
IS-IS Metric Styles.........................................................................................................................................................529
Congure Metric Values............................................................................................................................................... 529
Maximum Values in the Routing Table.................................................................................................................. 529
Change the IS-IS Metric Style in One Level Only................................................................................................529
Leaks from One Level to Another...........................................................................................................................531
Sample Congurations..................................................................................................................................................532
28 Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP).............................................................................................. 534
Introduction to Dynamic LAGs and LACP.................................................................................................................. 534
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 534
LACP Modes............................................................................................................................................................535
Conguring LACP Commands...............................................................................................................................535
LACP Conguration Tasks............................................................................................................................................536
Creating a LAG.........................................................................................................................................................536
Conguring the LAG Interfaces as Dynamic........................................................................................................536
Setting the LACP Long Timeout............................................................................................................................537
Monitoring and Debugging LACP.......................................................................................................................... 537
Shared LAG State Tracking.......................................................................................................................................... 538
Conguring Shared LAG State Tracking...............................................................................................................538
Important Points about Shared LAG State Tracking...........................................................................................540
LACP Basic Conguration Example............................................................................................................................ 540
Congure a LAG on ALPHA................................................................................................................................... 540
29 Layer 2.................................................................................................................................................... 549
Manage the MAC Address Table................................................................................................................................. 549
Clearing the MAC Address Table........................................................................................................................... 549
18
Contents
Setting the Aging Time for Dynamic Entries........................................................................................................549
Conguring a Static MAC Address....................................................................................................................... 550
Displaying the MAC Address Table........................................................................................................................550
MAC Learning Limit.......................................................................................................................................................550
Setting the MAC Learning Limit............................................................................................................................. 551
mac learning-limit Dynamic..................................................................................................................................... 551
mac learning-limit mac-address-sticky.................................................................................................................. 551
mac learning-limit station-move............................................................................................................................ 552
mac learning-limit no-station-move...................................................................................................................... 552
Learning Limit Violation Actions.............................................................................................................................552
Setting Station Move Violation Actions................................................................................................................ 553
Recovering from Learning Limit and Station Move Violations...........................................................................553
Disabling MAC Address Learning on the System................................................................................................ 554
Enabling port security............................................................................................................................................. 554
NIC Teaming...................................................................................................................................................................554
Congure Redundant Pairs.......................................................................................................................................... 555
Important Points about Conguring Redundant Pairs........................................................................................ 557
Far-End Failure Detection.............................................................................................................................................558
FEFD State Changes...............................................................................................................................................559
Conguring FEFD....................................................................................................................................................560
Enabling FEFD on an Interface.............................................................................................................................. 560
Debugging FEFD...................................................................................................................................................... 561
30 Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)..................................................................................................... 563
802.1AB (LLDP) Overview............................................................................................................................................563
Protocol Data Units................................................................................................................................................. 563
Optional TLVs.................................................................................................................................................................564
Management TLVs.................................................................................................................................................. 564
TIA-1057 (LLDP-MED) Overview................................................................................................................................ 566
TIA Organizationally Specic TLVs........................................................................................................................566
Congure LLDP..............................................................................................................................................................570
Related Conguration Tasks................................................................................................................................... 570
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................570
LLDP Compatibility...................................................................................................................................................571
CONFIGURATION versus INTERFACE Congurations............................................................................................. 571
Enabling LLDP.................................................................................................................................................................571
Disabling and Undoing LLDP.................................................................................................................................. 572
Enabling LLDP on Management Ports........................................................................................................................ 572
Disabling and Undoing LLDP on Management Ports.......................................................................................... 572
Advertising TLVs............................................................................................................................................................ 572
Storing and Viewing Unrecognized LLDP TLVs......................................................................................................... 574
Reserved Unrecognized LLDP TLVs......................................................................................................................574
Organizational Specic Unrecognized LLDP TLVs.............................................................................................. 574
Viewing Unrecognized LLDP TLVs........................................................................................................................ 574
Viewing the LLDP Conguration..................................................................................................................................575
Viewing Information Advertised by Adjacent LLDP Neighbors................................................................................575
Contents
19
Examples of Viewing Information Advertised by Neighbors...............................................................................575
Conguring LLDPDU Intervals......................................................................................................................................577
Conguring LLDP Notication Interval....................................................................................................................... 578
Conguring LLDP Notication Interval....................................................................................................................... 578
Conguring Transmit and Receive Mode....................................................................................................................578
Conguring the Time to Live Value............................................................................................................................. 579
Debugging LLDP............................................................................................................................................................580
Relevant Management Objects.................................................................................................................................... 581
31 Microsoft Network Load Balancing...........................................................................................................586
NLB Unicast Mode Scenario........................................................................................................................................586
NLB Multicast Mode Scenario.....................................................................................................................................586
Limitations of the NLB Feature.................................................................................................................................... 587
Microsoft Clustering......................................................................................................................................................587
Enable and Disable VLAN Flooding .............................................................................................................................587
Conguring a Switch for NLB ..................................................................................................................................... 587
Enabling a Switch for Multicast NLB.................................................................................................................... 588
32 Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP).........................................................................................589
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................589
Anycast RP.....................................................................................................................................................................590
Implementation Information.......................................................................................................................................... 591
Congure Multicast Source Discovery Protocol.........................................................................................................591
Related Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................591
Enable MSDP.................................................................................................................................................................595
Manage the Source-Active Cache.............................................................................................................................. 596
Viewing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................ 596
Limiting the Source-Active Cache.........................................................................................................................596
Clearing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................ 597
Enabling the Rejected Source-Active Cache....................................................................................................... 597
Accept Source-Active Messages that Fail the RFP Check......................................................................................597
Specifying Source-Active Messages.......................................................................................................................... 600
Limiting the Source-Active Messages from a Peer....................................................................................................601
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Local Source........................................................................................................601
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Remote Source.................................................................................................. 602
Preventing MSDP from Advertising a Local Source..................................................................................................602
Logging Changes in Peership States...........................................................................................................................603
Terminating a Peership..................................................................................................................................................603
Clearing Peer Statistics.................................................................................................................................................604
Debugging MSDP..........................................................................................................................................................604
MSDP with Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................605
Conguring Anycast RP............................................................................................................................................... 606
Reducing Source-Active Message Flooding.........................................................................................................607
Specifying the RP Address Used in SA Messages.............................................................................................. 607
MSDP Sample Congurations..................................................................................................................................... 609
20
Contents
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