Dell PowerEdge FX2/FX2s User guide

Dell PowerEdge FN I/O Module

Conguration Guide

9.10(0.0)

Notes, cautions, and warnings

NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your computer.

CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the problem.

WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.

trademarks of Dell Inc. in the United States and/or other jurisdictions. All other marks and names mentioned herein may be trademarks of their respective

companies.

2016 - 04

Rev. A00

Contents

1 About this Guide...........................................................................................................................................30

Audience........................................................................................................................................................................... 30

Conventions......................................................................................................................................................................30

Information Symbols........................................................................................................................................................30

Related Documents.......................................................................................................................................................... 31

2 Before You Start.......................................................................................................................................... 32

Operational Modes...........................................................................................................................................................32

Standalone mode....................................................................................................................................................... 32

VLT mode....................................................................................................................................................................32

Programmable MUX mode....................................................................................................................................... 32

Stacking mode............................................................................................................................................................33

Full Switch mode........................................................................................................................................................33

Default Settings................................................................................................................................................................33

Other Auto-Congured Settings....................................................................................................................................34

Data Center Bridging Support........................................................................................................................................34

FCoE Connectivity and FIP Snooping........................................................................................................................... 34

iSCSI Operation................................................................................................................................................................34

Link Aggregation.............................................................................................................................................................. 35

Link Tracking.....................................................................................................................................................................35

Conguring VLANs..........................................................................................................................................................35

Uplink LAG.................................................................................................................................................................. 35

Server-Facing LAGs.................................................................................................................................................. 35

Where to Go From Here..................................................................................................................................................35

3 Conguration Fundamentals........................................................................................................................ 37

Accessing the Command Line........................................................................................................................................ 37

CLI Modes.........................................................................................................................................................................37

Navigating CLI Modes............................................................................................................................................... 38

The do Command............................................................................................................................................................ 39

Undoing Commands........................................................................................................................................................ 39

Obtaining Help..................................................................................................................................................................40

Entering and Editing Commands................................................................................................................................... 40

Command History.............................................................................................................................................................41

Filtering show Command Outputs..................................................................................................................................41

Multiple Users in Conguration Mode...........................................................................................................................42

4 Getting Started............................................................................................................................................43

Console Access................................................................................................................................................................ 44

Serial Console............................................................................................................................................................. 44

External Serial Port with a USB Connector............................................................................................................46

Accessing the CLI Interface and Running Scripts Using SSH....................................................................................46

Entering CLI commands Using an SSH Connection..............................................................................................46

Contents

3

Executing Local CLI Scripts Using an SSH Connection........................................................................................46

Boot Process.................................................................................................................................................................... 47

Default Conguration...................................................................................................................................................... 48

Conguring a Host Name............................................................................................................................................... 48

Conguring a Unique Host Name on the System........................................................................................................49

Accessing the System Remotely....................................................................................................................................49

Accessing the Switch Remotely...............................................................................................................................49

Congure the Management Port IP Address......................................................................................................... 49

Congure a Management Route..............................................................................................................................50

Conguring a Username and Password..................................................................................................................50

Conguring the Enable Password..................................................................................................................................50

Conguration File Management......................................................................................................................................51

Copy Files to and from the System.......................................................................................................................... 51

Save the Running-Conguration..............................................................................................................................52

Viewing Files...............................................................................................................................................................53

Managing the File System.............................................................................................................................................. 54

View the Command History........................................................................................................................................... 55

Using HTTP for File Transfers........................................................................................................................................55

Upgrading and Downgrading the Dell Networking OS................................................................................................56

Verify Software Images Before Installation...................................................................................................................56

Deploying FN I/O Module............................................................................................................................................... 57

Ensuring the FN IOM system is in Standalone Mode............................................................................................58

Conguration Examples............................................................................................................................................ 58

Congure Interfaces and Port Channel...................................................................................................................60

Verifying the Congurations.....................................................................................................................................60

5 Management............................................................................................................................................... 62

Conguring Privilege Levels............................................................................................................................................62

Creating a Custom Privilege Level...........................................................................................................................62

Customizing a Privilege Level...................................................................................................................................63

Applying a Privilege Level to a Username...............................................................................................................65

Applying a Privilege Level to a Terminal Line.......................................................................................................... 65

Conguring Logging........................................................................................................................................................ 65

Audit and Security Logs............................................................................................................................................ 66

Conguring Logging Format ...................................................................................................................................67

Setting Up a Secure Connection to a Syslog Server.............................................................................................67

Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration........................................................................................69

Log Messages in the Internal Buer..............................................................................................................................69

Conguration Task List for System Log Management..........................................................................................69

Disabling System Logging............................................................................................................................................... 70

Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server............................................................................................................ 70

Conguring a UNIX System as a Syslog Server.....................................................................................................70

Changing System Logging Settings...............................................................................................................................70

Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration.........................................................................................71

Conguring a UNIX Logging Facility Level....................................................................................................................72

Synchronizing Log Messages......................................................................................................................................... 73

Enabling Timestamp on Syslog Messages.................................................................................................................... 73

4

Contents

Enabling Secure Management Mode.............................................................................................................................74

File Transfer Services.......................................................................................................................................................74

Conguration Task List for File Transfer Services.................................................................................................. 74

Enabling the FTP Server........................................................................................................................................... 74

Conguring FTP Server Parameters....................................................................................................................... 75

Conguring FTP Client Parameters.........................................................................................................................75

Terminal Lines................................................................................................................................................................... 76

Denying and Permitting Access to a Terminal Line................................................................................................ 76

Conguring Login Authentication for Terminal Lines............................................................................................. 77

Setting Time Out of EXEC Privilege Mode................................................................................................................... 77

Using Telnet to get to Another Network Device.......................................................................................................... 78

Lock CONFIGURATION Mode....................................................................................................................................... 78

Viewing the Conguration Lock Status...................................................................................................................79

Limit Concurrent Login Sessions....................................................................................................................................79

Restrictions for Limiting the Number of Concurrent Sessions.............................................................................79

Conguring Concurrent Session Limit.....................................................................................................................80

Enabling the System to Clear Existing Sessions.................................................................................................... 80

Track Login Activity.......................................................................................................................................................... 81

Restrictions for Tracking Login Activity................................................................................................................... 81

Conguring Login Activity Tracking..........................................................................................................................81

Display Login Statistics...............................................................................................................................................81

Recovering from a Forgotten Password....................................................................................................................... 83

Recovering from a Forgotten Enable Password...........................................................................................................84

Recovering from a Failed Start.......................................................................................................................................84

6 802.1X..........................................................................................................................................................86

The Port-Authentication Process.................................................................................................................................. 88

EAP over RADIUS......................................................................................................................................................89

Conguring 802.1X...........................................................................................................................................................89

Related Conguration Tasks..................................................................................................................................... 89

Important Points to Remember......................................................................................................................................90

Enabling 802.1X................................................................................................................................................................ 90

Conguring Request Identity Re-Transmissions......................................................................................................91

Conguring a Quiet Period after a Failed Authentication..................................................................................... 92

Forcibly Authorizing or Unauthorizing a Port............................................................................................................... 93

Re-Authenticating a Port................................................................................................................................................93

Conguring Timeouts......................................................................................................................................................94

Conguring Dynamic VLAN Assignment with Port Authentication.......................................................................... 95

Guest and Authentication-Fail VLANs.................................................................................................................... 96

Conguring a Guest VLAN........................................................................................................................................97

Conguring an Authentication-Fail VLAN............................................................................................................... 97

7 Access Control List (ACL) VLAN Groups and Content Addressable Memory (CAM).................................... 99

Optimizing CAM Utilization During the Attachment of ACLs to VLANs...................................................................99

Guidelines for Conguring ACL VLAN groups............................................................................................................100

Conguring ACL VLAN Groups and Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters............................................... 101

Conguring ACL VLAN Groups...............................................................................................................................101

Contents

5

Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters.......................................................................................................102

Viewing CAM Usage...................................................................................................................................................... 102

Allocating FP Blocks for VLAN Processes.................................................................................................................. 103

8 Access Control Lists (ACLs).......................................................................................................................105

IP Access Control Lists (ACLs).....................................................................................................................................106

Implementing ACL on the Dell Networking OS.......................................................................................................... 106

ACLs and VLANs............................................................................................................................................................ 107

ACL Optimization............................................................................................................................................................107

Determine the Order in which ACLs are Used to Classify Trac............................................................................. 107

Example of the order Keyword to Determine ACL Sequence.............................................................................107

IP Fragment Handling.................................................................................................................................................... 108

IP Fragments ACL Examples.........................................................................................................................................108

Layer 4 ACL Rules Examples.........................................................................................................................................108

Congure a Standard IP ACL........................................................................................................................................109

Conguring a Standard IP ACL Filter............................................................................................................................110

Congure an Extended IP ACL.......................................................................................................................................111

Conguring Filters with a Sequence Number...............................................................................................................111

Conguring Filters Without a Sequence Number........................................................................................................ 111

Established Flag...............................................................................................................................................................112

Congure Layer 2 and Layer 3 ACLs............................................................................................................................ 112

Assign an IP ACL to an Interface...................................................................................................................................113

Applying an IP ACL..........................................................................................................................................................113

Counting ACL Hits...........................................................................................................................................................114

Congure Ingress ACLs.................................................................................................................................................. 114

Congure Egress ACLs...................................................................................................................................................114

Applying Egress Layer 3 ACLs (Control-Plane)...........................................................................................................115

IP Prex Lists...................................................................................................................................................................115

Implementation Information.....................................................................................................................................116

Conguration Task List for Prex Lists.........................................................................................................................116

Creating a Prex List...................................................................................................................................................... 116

Creating a Prex List Without a Sequence Number...................................................................................................117

Viewing Prex Lists.........................................................................................................................................................118

Applying a Prex List for Route Redistribution............................................................................................................118

Applying a Filter to a Prex List (OSPF)...................................................................................................................... 119

ACL Resequencing..........................................................................................................................................................119

Resequencing an ACL or Prex List.............................................................................................................................120

Route Maps......................................................................................................................................................................121

Implementation Information..................................................................................................................................... 121

Important Points to Remember..................................................................................................................................... 121

Conguration Task List for Route Maps...................................................................................................................... 122

Creating a Route Map....................................................................................................................................................122

Congure Route Map Filters......................................................................................................................................... 123

Conguring Match Routes............................................................................................................................................ 124

Conguring Set Conditions........................................................................................................................................... 124

Congure a Route Map for Route Redistribution.......................................................................................................125

Congure a Route Map for Route Tagging................................................................................................................. 126

6

Contents

Continue Clause..............................................................................................................................................................126

Logging of ACL Processes............................................................................................................................................ 126

Guidelines for Conguring ACL Logging...................................................................................................................... 127

Conguring ACL Logging...............................................................................................................................................127

Flow-Based Monitoring Support for ACLs.................................................................................................................. 128

Behavior of Flow-Based Monitoring.......................................................................................................................128

Enabling Flow-Based Monitoring..................................................................................................................................130

9 Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD)...................................................................................................131

How BFD Works.............................................................................................................................................................. 131

BFD Packet Format..................................................................................................................................................132

BFD Sessions............................................................................................................................................................ 133

BFD Three-Way Handshake.................................................................................................................................... 134

Session State Changes............................................................................................................................................136

Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................................... 136

Congure BFD................................................................................................................................................................ 136

Congure BFD for Physical Ports...........................................................................................................................137

Enabling BFD Globally.............................................................................................................................................. 137

Establishing a Session on Physical Ports...............................................................................................................138

Changing Physical Port Session Parameters........................................................................................................ 139

Disabling and Re-Enabling BFD.............................................................................................................................. 140

Congure BFD for Static Routes..................................................................................................................................140

Related Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................140

Establishing Sessions for Static Routes................................................................................................................. 141

Changing Static Route Session Parameters.......................................................................................................... 141

Disabling BFD for Static Routes............................................................................................................................. 142

Congure BFD for OSPF...............................................................................................................................................142

Related Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................142

Establishing Sessions with OSPF Neighbors........................................................................................................ 143

Changing OSPF Session Parameters.....................................................................................................................144

Disabling BFD for OSPF...........................................................................................................................................144

Congure BFD for OSPFv3...........................................................................................................................................145

Related Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................145

Establishing Sessions with OSPFv3 Neighbors....................................................................................................145

Changing OSPFv3 Session Parameters.................................................................................................................145

Disabling BFD for OSPFv3...................................................................................................................................... 146

Congure BFD for BGP................................................................................................................................................. 146

Prerequisites..............................................................................................................................................................146

Establishing Sessions with BGP Neighbors...........................................................................................................146

Disabling BFD for BGP.............................................................................................................................................148

Use BFD in a BGP Peer Group............................................................................................................................... 148

Displaying BFD for BGP Information...................................................................................................................... 149

Congure BFD for VRRP...............................................................................................................................................152

Related Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................153

Establishing Sessions with All VRRP Neighbors...................................................................................................153

Establishing VRRP Sessions on VRRP Neighbors................................................................................................153

Changing VRRP Session Parameters.....................................................................................................................154

Contents

7

Disabling BFD for VRRP.......................................................................................................................................... 155

Congure BFD for VLANs.............................................................................................................................................155

Related Conguration Task..................................................................................................................................... 155

Establish Sessions with VLAN Neighbors............................................................................................................. 156

Changing VLAN Session Parameters.....................................................................................................................156

Disabling BFD for VLANs.........................................................................................................................................157

Congure BFD for Port-Channels................................................................................................................................ 157

Related Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................157

Establish Sessions on Port-Channels.....................................................................................................................158

Changing Physical Port Session Parameters........................................................................................................ 158

Disabling BFD for Port-Channels............................................................................................................................159

Conguring Protocol Liveness...................................................................................................................................... 159

Troubleshooting BFD......................................................................................................................................................159

10 Border Gateway Protocol IPv4 (BGPv4)....................................................................................................161

Autonomous Systems (AS)............................................................................................................................................161

Sessions and Peers........................................................................................................................................................ 163

Establish a Session................................................................................................................................................... 163

Route Reectors.............................................................................................................................................................164

Communities............................................................................................................................................................. 165

BGP Attributes................................................................................................................................................................165

Best Path Selection Criteria....................................................................................................................................165

Weight........................................................................................................................................................................167

Local Preference.......................................................................................................................................................167

Multi-Exit Discriminators (MEDs)...........................................................................................................................168

Origin..........................................................................................................................................................................169

AS Path......................................................................................................................................................................169

Next Hop................................................................................................................................................................... 170

Multiprotocol BGP..........................................................................................................................................................170

Implement BGP with the Dell Networking OS............................................................................................................ 170

Additional Path (Add-Path) Support......................................................................................................................170

Advertise IGP Cost as MED for Redistributed Routes......................................................................................... 171

Ignore Router-ID for Some Best-Path Calculations.............................................................................................. 171

Four-Byte AS Numbers............................................................................................................................................ 171

AS4 Number Representation.................................................................................................................................. 172

AS Number Migration...............................................................................................................................................173

BGP4 Management Information Base (MIB)........................................................................................................175

Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 175

Conguration Information..............................................................................................................................................176

BGP Conguration..........................................................................................................................................................176

Enabling BGP.............................................................................................................................................................177

Enabling MBGP Congurations............................................................................................................................. 206

BGP Regular Expression Optimization........................................................................................................................206

Debugging BGP............................................................................................................................................................. 206

Storing Last and Bad PDUs.................................................................................................................................... 207

PDU Counters.......................................................................................................................................................... 208

Sample Congurations.................................................................................................................................................. 208

8

Contents

11 Conguration Cloning................................................................................................................................ 217

Cloning Conguration Output Status...........................................................................................................................217

12 Content Addressable Memory (CAM).......................................................................................................220

CAM Allocation.............................................................................................................................................................. 220

Test CAM Usage.............................................................................................................................................................221

View CAM-ACL Settings............................................................................................................................................... 221

CAM Optimization......................................................................................................................................................... 222

13 Control Plane Policing (CoPP)..................................................................................................................223

Congure Control Plane Policing................................................................................................................................. 224

Conguring CoPP for Protocols............................................................................................................................ 225

Conguring CoPP for CPU Queues...................................................................................................................... 226

Show Commands.....................................................................................................................................................227

14 Data Center Bridging (DCB).....................................................................................................................229

Supported Modes..........................................................................................................................................................229

Ethernet Enhancements in Data Center Bridging..................................................................................................... 229

Priority-Based Flow Control......................................................................................................................................... 230

Enhanced Transmission Selection.................................................................................................................................231

Data Center Bridging Exchange Protocol (DCBx).....................................................................................................232

Creating a DCB Map..................................................................................................................................................... 233

Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................233

Applying a DCB Map on Server-Facing Ethernet Ports......................................................................................233

Data Center Bridging: Default Conguration..............................................................................................................233

Data Center Bridging in a Trac Flow.........................................................................................................................234

Data Center Bridging: Auto-DCB-Enable Mode........................................................................................................ 234

Conguring Priority-Based Flow Control.................................................................................................................... 236

How Priority-Based Flow Control is Implemented...............................................................................................238

Conguring Lossless Queues................................................................................................................................. 238

Conguring the PFC Buer in a Switch Stack.................................................................................................... 239

Conguring Enhanced Transmission Selection.......................................................................................................... 240

How Enhanced Transmission Selection is Implemented..................................................................................... 240

ETS Operation with DCBx.......................................................................................................................................241

Hierarchical Scheduling in ETS Output Policies.......................................................................................................... 241

DCBx Operation............................................................................................................................................................. 242

DCBx Operation....................................................................................................................................................... 242

DCBx Port Roles...................................................................................................................................................... 242

DCB Conguration Exchange.................................................................................................................................243

Conguration Source Election................................................................................................................................244

Propagation of DCB Information............................................................................................................................244

Auto-Detection of the DCBx Version.................................................................................................................... 244

DCBx Example..........................................................................................................................................................245

DCBx Prerequisites and Restrictions.....................................................................................................................246

DCBx Error Messages.............................................................................................................................................246

Debugging DCBx on an Interface.......................................................................................................................... 246

Contents

9

Verifying the DCB Conguration..................................................................................................................................247

QoS dot1p Trac Classication and Queue Assignment..........................................................................................255

Troubleshooting PFC, ETS, and DCBx Operation......................................................................................................255

15 Dynamic Host Conguration Protocol (DHCP).........................................................................................258

Supported Modes..........................................................................................................................................................258

Assigning an IP Address using DHCP..........................................................................................................................258

Debugging DHCP Client Operation............................................................................................................................. 260

DHCP Client....................................................................................................................................................................261

How DHCP Client is Implemented...............................................................................................................................262

DHCP Client on a Management Interface..................................................................................................................262

DHCP Client on a VLAN............................................................................................................................................... 263

DHCP Packet Format and Options............................................................................................................................. 263

Option 82........................................................................................................................................................................264

Releasing and Renewing DHCP-based IP Addresses................................................................................................265

Viewing DHCP Statistics and Lease Information.......................................................................................................265

16 Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP)................................................................................................................ 267

ECMP for Flow-Based Anity..................................................................................................................................... 267

Enabling Deterministic ECMP Next Hop...............................................................................................................267

Link Bundle Monitoring..................................................................................................................................................267

Managing ECMP Group Paths.....................................................................................................................................268

17 FC FPORT................................................................................................................................................269

FC FPORT...................................................................................................................................................................... 270

Conguring Switch Mode to FCF Port Mode............................................................................................................ 270

Name Server................................................................................................................................................................... 271

FCoE Maps......................................................................................................................................................................271

Creating an FCoE Map..................................................................................................................................................272

Zoning..............................................................................................................................................................................273

Creating Zone and Adding Members...........................................................................................................................273

Creating Zone Alias and Adding Members.................................................................................................................. 274

Creating Zonesets.......................................................................................................................................................... 274

Activating a Zoneset......................................................................................................................................................275

Displaying the Fabric Parameters.................................................................................................................................275

18 FCoE Transit.............................................................................................................................................278

Supported Modes.......................................................................................................................................................... 278

Fibre Channel over Ethernet.........................................................................................................................................278

Ensure Robustness in a Converged Ethernet Network............................................................................................ 278

FIP Snooping on Ethernet Bridges..............................................................................................................................280

FIP Snooping in a Switch Stack....................................................................................................................................281

Using FIP Snooping....................................................................................................................................................... 282

Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................282

Enabling the FCoE Transit Feature........................................................................................................................282

Enable FIP Snooping on VLANs.............................................................................................................................282

Congure the FC-MAP Value................................................................................................................................ 283

10

Contents

Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-Bridge Link....................................................................................................... 283

Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-FCF Link...........................................................................................................283

Impact on Other Software Features..................................................................................................................... 283

FIP Snooping Prerequisites.....................................................................................................................................284

FIP Snooping Restrictions...................................................................................................................................... 284

Conguring FIP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................284

Displaying FIP Snooping Information...........................................................................................................................285

FCoE Transit Conguration Example.......................................................................................................................... 290

19 FIPS Cryptography...................................................................................................................................292

Preparing the System....................................................................................................................................................292

Enabling FIPS Mode...................................................................................................................................................... 292

Generating Host-Keys...................................................................................................................................................293

Monitoring FIPS Mode Status......................................................................................................................................293

Disabling FIPS Mode..................................................................................................................................................... 294

20 Force10 Resilient Ring Protocol (FRRP).................................................................................................. 295

Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................295

Ring Status............................................................................................................................................................... 296

Multiple FRRP Rings................................................................................................................................................297

Important FRRP Points...........................................................................................................................................298

Important FRRP Concepts.....................................................................................................................................299

Implementing FRRP.......................................................................................................................................................299

FRRP Conguration...................................................................................................................................................... 300

Creating the FRRP Group...................................................................................................................................... 300

Conguring the Control VLAN...............................................................................................................................300

Conguring and Adding the Member VLANs....................................................................................................... 301

Setting the FRRP Timers........................................................................................................................................303

Clearing the FRRP Counters..................................................................................................................................303

Viewing the FRRP Conguration...........................................................................................................................303

Viewing the FRRP Information...............................................................................................................................303

Troubleshooting FRRP.................................................................................................................................................. 304

Conguration Checks..............................................................................................................................................304

Sample Conguration and Topology............................................................................................................................304

21 GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP).............................................................................................. 307

Important Points to Remember....................................................................................................................................307

Congure GVRP.............................................................................................................................................................307

Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................308

Enabling GVRP Globally................................................................................................................................................ 308

Enabling GVRP on a Layer 2 Interface........................................................................................................................309

Congure GVRP Registration...................................................................................................................................... 309

Congure a GARP Timer............................................................................................................................................... 310

22 FIP Snooping.............................................................................................................................................311

Supported Modes............................................................................................................................................................311

Fibre Channel over Ethernet..........................................................................................................................................311

Contents

11

Ensuring Robustness in a Converged Ethernet Network...........................................................................................311

FIP Snooping on Ethernet Bridges...............................................................................................................................313

How FIP Snooping is Implemented...............................................................................................................................314

FIP Snooping on VLANs.......................................................................................................................................... 314

FC-MAP Value.......................................................................................................................................................... 314

Bridge-to-FCF Links.................................................................................................................................................314

Impact on other Software Features.......................................................................................................................314

FIP Snooping Prerequisites..................................................................................................................................... 315

FIP Snooping Restrictions.......................................................................................................................................315

Conguring FIP Snooping..............................................................................................................................................315

Displaying FIP Snooping Information............................................................................................................................316

FIP Snooping Example................................................................................................................................................... 321

Debugging FIP Snooping............................................................................................................................................... 321

23 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP)......................................................................................... 323

IGMP Overview..............................................................................................................................................................323

IGMP Version 2.............................................................................................................................................................. 323

Joining a Multicast Group....................................................................................................................................... 324

Leaving a Multicast Group...................................................................................................................................... 324

IGMP Version 3.............................................................................................................................................................. 324

Joining and Filtering Groups and Sources............................................................................................................ 325

Leaving and Staying in Groups...............................................................................................................................326

IGMP Snooping.............................................................................................................................................................. 327

How IGMP Snooping is Implemented on an Aggregator...........................................................................................327

Disabling Multicast Flooding......................................................................................................................................... 327

Displaying IGMP Information........................................................................................................................................ 327

24 Interfaces................................................................................................................................................ 330

Basic Interface Conguration.......................................................................................................................................330

Advanced Interface Conguration...............................................................................................................................330

Interface Types................................................................................................................................................................331

View Basic Interface Information..................................................................................................................................331

Conguring the Default Interface................................................................................................................................ 333

Enabling a Physical Interface........................................................................................................................................334

Physical Interfaces.........................................................................................................................................................334

Conguration Task List for Physical Interfaces.................................................................................................... 334

Overview of Layer Modes...................................................................................................................................... 335

Conguring Layer 2 (Data Link) Mode..................................................................................................................335

Conguring Layer 2 (Interface) Mode.................................................................................................................. 335

Conguring Layer 3 (Network) Mode...................................................................................................................336

Conguring Layer 3 (Interface) Mode.................................................................................................................. 336

Management Interfaces................................................................................................................................................ 337

Conguring Management Interfaces on the MXL Switch..................................................................................337

VLAN Interfaces............................................................................................................................................................ 339

Loopback Interfaces...................................................................................................................................................... 339

Null Interfaces................................................................................................................................................................ 340

VLAN Membership........................................................................................................................................................ 340

12

Contents

Default VLAN .......................................................................................................................................................... 340

Port-Based VLANs...................................................................................................................................................341

VLANs and Port Tagging......................................................................................................................................... 341

Conguring VLAN Membership..............................................................................................................................341

Displaying VLAN Membership................................................................................................................................342

Adding an Interface to a Tagged VLAN.................................................................................................................342

Adding an Interface to an Untagged VLAN..........................................................................................................343

VLAN Conguration on Physical Ports and Port-Channels................................................................................343

Port Channel Interfaces................................................................................................................................................345

Port Channel Denition and Standards.................................................................................................................345

Port Channel Benets.............................................................................................................................................345

Port Channel Implementation.................................................................................................................................345

100/1000/10000 Mbps Interfaces in Port Channels...........................................................................................346

Conguration Tasks for Port Channel Interfaces.................................................................................................346

Creating a Port Channel..........................................................................................................................................346

Adding a Physical Interface to a Port Channel.....................................................................................................347

Reassigning an Interface to a New Port Channel................................................................................................348

Conguring the Minimum Oper Up Links in a Port Channel.............................................................................. 349

Adding or Removing a Port Channel from a VLAN............................................................................................. 349

Assigning an IP Address to a Port Channel.......................................................................................................... 350

Deleting or Disabling a Port Channel.....................................................................................................................350

Load Balancing through Port Channels...................................................................................................................... 350

Changing the Hash Algorithm.......................................................................................................................................351

Server Ports.................................................................................................................................................................... 351

Default Conguration without Start-up Cong................................................................................................... 352

Bulk Conguration......................................................................................................................................................... 352

Interface Range........................................................................................................................................................352

Bulk Conguration Examples..................................................................................................................................353

Dening Interface Range Macros................................................................................................................................ 354

Dene the Interface Range.................................................................................................................................... 354

Choosing an Interface-Range Macro.................................................................................................................... 355

Monitoring and Maintaining Interfaces....................................................................................................................... 355

Maintenance Using TDR.........................................................................................................................................356

Splitting QSFP Ports to SFP+ Ports........................................................................................................................... 356

Merging SFP+ Ports to QSFP 40G Ports.............................................................................................................357

Congure the MTU Size on an Interface..............................................................................................................358

Conguring wavelength for 10–Gigabit SFP+ optics................................................................................................358

Converting a QSFP or QSFP+ Port to an SFP or SFP+ Port..................................................................................358

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 359

Example Scenarios.................................................................................................................................................. 359

Layer 2 Flow Control Using Ethernet Pause Frames................................................................................................ 359

Enabling Pause Frames...........................................................................................................................................360

Congure MTU Size on an Interface...........................................................................................................................360

Port-Pipes....................................................................................................................................................................... 361

Auto-Negotiation on Ethernet Interfaces....................................................................................................................361

Setting the Speed and Duplex Mode of Ethernet Interfaces............................................................................. 361

View Advanced Interface Information.........................................................................................................................363

Contents

13

Conguring the Interface Sampling Size.............................................................................................................. 364

Dynamic Counters................................................................................................................................................... 365

Enhanced Control of Remote Fault Indication Processing....................................................................................... 366

25 Internet Protocol Security (IPSec)...........................................................................................................367

Conguring IPSec .........................................................................................................................................................367

26 IPv4 Routing............................................................................................................................................369

IP Addresses...................................................................................................................................................................369

Implementation Information....................................................................................................................................370

Conguration Tasks for IP Addresses....................................................................................................................370

IPv4 Path MTU Discovery Overview...........................................................................................................................372

Using the Congured Source IP Address in ICMP Messages.................................................................................. 373

Conguring the ICMP Source Interface................................................................................................................373

Conguring the Duration to Establish a TCP Connection.........................................................................................373

Enabling Directed Broadcast.........................................................................................................................................374

Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................................................ 374

Enabling Dynamic Resolution of Host Names...................................................................................................... 374

Specifying the Local System Domain and a List of Domains..............................................................................375

Conguring DNS with Traceroute..........................................................................................................................375

ARP..................................................................................................................................................................................376

Conguration Tasks for ARP...................................................................................................................................376

ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................................ 377

ARP Learning via ARP Request....................................................................................................................................378

Conguring ARP Retries............................................................................................................................................... 379

ICMP................................................................................................................................................................................379

Conguration Tasks for ICMP................................................................................................................................ 379

UDP Helper.....................................................................................................................................................................380

Congure UDP Helper............................................................................................................................................ 380

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 380

Enabling UDP Helper...............................................................................................................................................380

Congurations Using UDP Helper................................................................................................................................ 381

UDP Helper with Broadcast-All Addresses............................................................................................................381

UDP Helper with Subnet Broadcast Addresses...................................................................................................382

UDP Helper with Congured Broadcast Addresses............................................................................................382

UDP Helper with No Congured Broadcast Addresses......................................................................................383

Troubleshooting UDP Helper........................................................................................................................................ 383

27 IPv6 Routing............................................................................................................................................ 384

Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 384

Extended Address Space........................................................................................................................................385

Stateless Autoconguration................................................................................................................................... 385

IPv6 Header Fields.........................................................................................................................................................386

Version (4 bits).........................................................................................................................................................386

Trac Class (8 bits)................................................................................................................................................ 386

Flow Label (20 bits).................................................................................................................................................386

Payload Length (16 bits)..........................................................................................................................................387

14

Contents

Next Header (8 bits)................................................................................................................................................387

Hop Limit (8 bits)..................................................................................................................................................... 387

Source Address (128 bits).......................................................................................................................................388

Destination Address (128 bits)............................................................................................................................... 388

Extension Header Fields................................................................................................................................................388

Hop-by-Hop Options Header................................................................................................................................. 388

Addressing...................................................................................................................................................................... 389

Link-local Addresses................................................................................................................................................389

Static and Dynamic Addressing............................................................................................................................. 389

Implementing IPv6 with the Dell Networking OS...................................................................................................... 390

ICMPv6............................................................................................................................................................................391

Path MTU Discovery..................................................................................................................................................... 392

IPv6 Neighbor Discovery.............................................................................................................................................. 392

IPv6 Neighbor Discovery of MTU Packets...........................................................................................................393

Conguration Task List for IPv6 RDNSS.................................................................................................................... 393

Conguring the IPv6 Recursive DNS Server....................................................................................................... 393

Displaying IPv6 RDNSS Information......................................................................................................................394

Debugging IPv6 RDNSS Information Sent to the Host .....................................................................................394

IPv6 Multicast................................................................................................................................................................ 394

Conguration Task List for IPv6...................................................................................................................................395

Adjusting Your CAM-Prole....................................................................................................................................395

Assigning an IPv6 Address to an Interface...........................................................................................................396

Assigning a Static IPv6 Route................................................................................................................................396

Conguring Telnet with IPv6.................................................................................................................................. 397

SNMP over IPv6...................................................................................................................................................... 397

Showing IPv6 Information.......................................................................................................................................397

Showing an IPv6 Interface..................................................................................................................................... 398

Showing IPv6 Routes..............................................................................................................................................398

Showing the Running-Conguration for an Interface......................................................................................... 399

Clearing IPv6 Routes...............................................................................................................................................399

Secure Shell (SSH) Over an IPv6 Transport..............................................................................................................400

28 iSCSI Optimization................................................................................................................................... 401

Supported Modes...........................................................................................................................................................401

iSCSI Optimization Overview........................................................................................................................................401

Monitoring iSCSI Trac Flows.....................................................................................................................................402

Information Monitored in iSCSI Trac Flows.............................................................................................................403

Synchronizing iSCSI Sessions Learned on VLT-Lags with VLT-Peer.......................................................................403

iSCSI Optimization: Operation......................................................................................................................................403

Conguring iSCSI Optimization....................................................................................................................................403

Displaying iSCSI Optimization Information................................................................................................................. 405

29 Intermediate System to Intermediate System.......................................................................................... 407

IS-IS Protocol Overview................................................................................................................................................407

IS-IS Addressing.............................................................................................................................................................407

Multi-Topology IS-IS...................................................................................................................................................... 408

Transition Mode....................................................................................................................................................... 408

Contents

15

Interface Support.................................................................................................................................................... 409

Adjacencies...............................................................................................................................................................409

Graceful Restart............................................................................................................................................................ 409

Timers....................................................................................................................................................................... 409

Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 409

Conguration Information..............................................................................................................................................410

Conguration Tasks for IS-IS................................................................................................................................... 411

IS-IS Metric Styles.........................................................................................................................................................424

Congure Metric Values............................................................................................................................................... 425

Maximum Values in the Routing Table.................................................................................................................. 425

Change the IS-IS Metric Style in One Level Only................................................................................................425

Leaks from One Level to Another.......................................................................................................................... 427

Sample Congurations.................................................................................................................................................. 427

30 Isolated Networks for Aggregators.......................................................................................................... 432

Conguring and Verifying Isolated Network Settings............................................................................................... 432

31 Link Aggregation.......................................................................................................................................433

Supported Modes..........................................................................................................................................................433

How the LACP is Implemented on an Aggregator.....................................................................................................433

Uplink LAG................................................................................................................................................................434

Server-Facing LAGs................................................................................................................................................ 434

LACP Modes............................................................................................................................................................ 434

Auto-Congured LACP Timeout............................................................................................................................434

Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP)................................................................................................................ 435

Conguration Tasks for Port Channel Interfaces.................................................................................................435

Creating a Port Channel......................................................................................................................................... 435

Adding a Physical Interface to a Port Channel.....................................................................................................435

Reassigning an Interface to a New Port Channel................................................................................................ 437

Conguring the Minimum Oper Up Links in a Port Channel.............................................................................. 438

Conguring VLAN Tags for Member Interfaces.................................................................................................. 438

Deleting or Disabling a Port Channel.....................................................................................................................439

Conguring Auto LAG................................................................................................................................................... 439

Conguring the Minimum Number of Links to be Up for Uplink LAGs to be Active..............................................441

Optimizing Trac Disruption Over LAG Interfaces On IOA Switches in VLT Mode..............................................442

Preserving LAG and Port Channel Settings in Nonvolatile Storage........................................................................ 442

Enabling the LACP link fallback member.................................................................................................................... 442

Enabling the Verication of Member Links Utilization in a LAG Bundle..................................................................442

Monitoring the Member Links of a LAG Bundle........................................................................................................ 443

Verifying LACP Operation and LAG Conguration.................................................................................................... 443

Multiple Uplink LAGs with 10G Member Ports.......................................................................................................... 446

32 Layer 2.....................................................................................................................................................448

Supported Modes..........................................................................................................................................................448

Managing the MAC Address Table.............................................................................................................................. 448

Clearing the MAC Address Entries........................................................................................................................448

Displaying the MAC Address Table........................................................................................................................ 449

16

Contents

Disabling MAC Address Learning on the System.................................................................................................449

Network Interface Controller (NIC) Teaming............................................................................................................. 449

MAC Address Station Move...................................................................................................................................450

MAC Move Optimization......................................................................................................................................... 451

33 Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)..................................................................................................... 452

Supported Modes..........................................................................................................................................................452

Protocol Data Units....................................................................................................................................................... 452

Congure LLDP..............................................................................................................................................................454

Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................454

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 454

CONFIGURATION versus INTERFACE Congurations............................................................................................ 454

Enabling LLDP................................................................................................................................................................455

Disabling and Undoing LLDP..................................................................................................................................455

Advertising TLVs............................................................................................................................................................455

Optional TLVs.................................................................................................................................................................456

Management TLVs.................................................................................................................................................. 456

IEEE Organizationally Specic TLVs...................................................................................................................... 457

LLDP-MED Capabilities TLV...................................................................................................................................458

LLDP-MED Network Policies TLV......................................................................................................................... 459

Extended Power via MDI TLV................................................................................................................................460

LLDP Operation............................................................................................................................................................. 460

Viewing the LLDP Conguration.................................................................................................................................. 461

Viewing Information Advertised by Adjacent LLDP Agents...................................................................................... 461

Conguring LLDPDU Intervals..................................................................................................................................... 462

Conguring a Time to Live............................................................................................................................................463

Clearing LLDP Counters............................................................................................................................................... 463

Debugging LLDP............................................................................................................................................................463

Relevant Management Objects................................................................................................................................... 464

34 Microsoft Network Load Balancing.......................................................................................................... 469

NLB Unicast Mode Scenario........................................................................................................................................469

NLB Multicast Mode Scenario.....................................................................................................................................469

Limitations With Enabling NLB on Switches.............................................................................................................. 470

Benets and Working of Microsoft Clustering...........................................................................................................470

Enable and Disable VLAN Flooding .............................................................................................................................470

Conguring a Switch for NLB ..................................................................................................................................... 470

Multicast NLB Mode................................................................................................................................................ 471

35 Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP)......................................................................................... 472

Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 472

Anycast RP..................................................................................................................................................................... 474

Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................475

Congure the Multicast Source Discovery Protocol................................................................................................. 475

Related Conguration Tasks................................................................................................................................... 475

Enabling MSDP.............................................................................................................................................................. 479

Manage the Source-Active Cache.............................................................................................................................. 480

Contents

17

Viewing the Source-Active Cache.........................................................................................................................480

Limiting the Source-Active Cache.........................................................................................................................480

Clearing the Source-Active Cache.........................................................................................................................481

Enabling the Rejected Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................ 481

Accept Source-Active Messages that Fail the RFP Check...................................................................................... 481

Specifying Source-Active Messages...........................................................................................................................485

Limiting the Source-Active Messages from a Peer...................................................................................................486

Preventing MSDP from Caching a Local Source.......................................................................................................486

Preventing MSDP from Caching a Remote Source...................................................................................................487

Preventing MSDP from Advertising a Local Source..................................................................................................487

Logging Changes in Peership States...........................................................................................................................488

Terminating a Peership..................................................................................................................................................488

Clearing Peer Statistics.................................................................................................................................................489

Debugging MSDP.......................................................................................................................................................... 489

MSDP with Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................489

Conguring Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................490

Reducing Source-Active Message Flooding......................................................................................................... 491

Specifying the RP Address Used in SA Messages...............................................................................................491

MSDP Sample Congurations......................................................................................................................................493

36 Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP)................................................................................................ 496

Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................496

Spanning Tree Variations...............................................................................................................................................497

Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................497

Congure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol................................................................................................................ 497

Related Conguration Tasks................................................................................................................................... 497

Enable Multiple Spanning Tree Globally...................................................................................................................... 498

Creating Multiple Spanning Tree Instances................................................................................................................ 498

Inuencing MSTP Root Selection................................................................................................................................499

Interoperate with Non-Dell Networking OS Bridges.................................................................................................500

Changing the Region Name or Revision.....................................................................................................................500

Modifying Global Parameters.......................................................................................................................................500

Enable BPDU Filtering Globally.................................................................................................................................... 502

Modifying the Interface Parameters........................................................................................................................... 502

Conguring an EdgePort.............................................................................................................................................. 503

Flush MAC Addresses after a Topology Change....................................................................................................... 504

MSTP Sample Congurations......................................................................................................................................504

Router 1 Running-CongurationRouter 2 Running-CongurationRouter 3 Running-

CongurationSFTOS Example Running-Conguration.......................................................................................504

Debugging and Verifying MSTP Congurations........................................................................................................ 507

37 Multicast Features...................................................................................................................................509

Enabling IP Multicast.....................................................................................................................................................509

Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 509

First Packet Forwarding for Lossless Multicast..........................................................................................................510

Multicast Policies............................................................................................................................................................510

IPv4 Multicast Policies...................................................................................................................................................510

18

Contents

Limiting the Number of Multicast Routes............................................................................................................. 510

Preventing a Host from Joining a Group................................................................................................................511

Rate Limiting IGMP Join Requests.........................................................................................................................513

Preventing a PIM Router from Forming an Adjacency........................................................................................ 514

Preventing a Source from Registering with the RP............................................................................................. 514

Preventing a PIM Router from Processing a Join.................................................................................................517

38 Open Shortest Path First (OSPFv2 and OSPFv3).................................................................................... 518

Protocol Overview..........................................................................................................................................................518

Autonomous System (AS) Areas............................................................................................................................ 518

Area Types................................................................................................................................................................. 519

Networks and Neighbors........................................................................................................................................520

Router Types............................................................................................................................................................ 520

Link-State Advertisements (LSAs)........................................................................................................................522

Router Priority and Cost......................................................................................................................................... 523

OSPF with the Dell Networking OS............................................................................................................................ 524

Graceful Restart...................................................................................................................................................... 525

Fast Convergence (OSPFv2, IPv4 Only)..............................................................................................................526

Processing SNMP and Sending SNMP Traps......................................................................................................526

OSPF ACK Packing................................................................................................................................................. 526

Setting OSPF Adjacency with Cisco Routers...................................................................................................... 526

Conguration Information............................................................................................................................................. 527

Conguration Task List for OSPFv2 (OSPF for IPv4).........................................................................................527

Troubleshooting OSPFv2........................................................................................................................................538

Conguration Task List for OSPFv3 (OSPF for IPv6)............................................................................................... 541

Enabling IPv6 Unicast Routing...............................................................................................................................542

Assigning IPv6 Addresses on an Interface............................................................................................................542

Assigning Area ID on an Interface..........................................................................................................................542

Assigning OSPFv3 Process ID and Router ID Globally........................................................................................542

Conguring Stub Areas...........................................................................................................................................543

Conguring Passive-Interface................................................................................................................................543

Redistributing Routes..............................................................................................................................................544

Conguring a Default Route...................................................................................................................................544

Enabling OSPFv3 Graceful Restart....................................................................................................................... 544

Displaying Graceful Restart....................................................................................................................................545

OSPFv3 Authentication Using IPsec.....................................................................................................................547

39 Policy-based Routing (PBR).................................................................................................................... 554

Overview........................................................................................................................................................................ 554

Implementing Policy-based Routing with Dell Networking OS................................................................................556

Conguration Task List for Policy-based Routing......................................................................................................556

PBR Exceptions (Permit)....................................................................................................................................... 558

Sample Conguration....................................................................................................................................................560

Create the Redirect-List GOLDAssign Redirect-List GOLD to Interface 2/11View Redirect-List GOLD...... 561

40 PIM Sparse-Mode (PIM-SM).................................................................................................................. 565

Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 565

Contents

19

Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................565

Requesting Multicast Trac.................................................................................................................................. 565

Refuse Multicast Trac..........................................................................................................................................566

Send Multicast Trac.............................................................................................................................................566

Conguring PIM-SM.....................................................................................................................................................566

Related Conguration Tasks................................................................................................................................... 567

Enable PIM-SM..............................................................................................................................................................567

Conguring S,G Expiry Timers..................................................................................................................................... 568

Conguring a Static Rendezvous Point......................................................................................................................569

Overriding Bootstrap Router Updates.................................................................................................................. 569

Conguring a Designated Router.................................................................................................................................570

Creating Multicast Boundaries and Domains..............................................................................................................570

Enabling PIM-SM Graceful Restart.............................................................................................................................570

41 PIM Source-Specic Mode (PIM-SSM)....................................................................................................571

Congure PIM-SMM......................................................................................................................................................571

Related Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................571

Implementation Information.......................................................................................................................................... 571

Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................572

Enabling PIM-SSM........................................................................................................................................................ 572

Use PIM-SSM with IGMP Version 2 Hosts................................................................................................................ 572

Conguring PIM-SSM with IGMPv2.....................................................................................................................573

42 Port Monitoring........................................................................................................................................574

Supported Modes.......................................................................................................................................................... 574

Conguring Port Monitoring.........................................................................................................................................574

Important Points to Remember....................................................................................................................................575

Port Monitoring..............................................................................................................................................................576

43 Private VLANs (PVLAN).......................................................................................................................... 577

Private VLAN Concepts................................................................................................................................................ 577

Using the Private VLAN Commands..................................................................................................................... 578

Conguration Task List............................................................................................................................................579

Private VLAN Conguration Example................................................................................................................... 582

44 Per-VLAN Spanning Tree Plus (PVST+)................................................................................................... 585

Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................585

Implementation Information................................................................................................................................... 586

Congure Per-VLAN Spanning Tree Plus................................................................................................................... 586

Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................586

Enabling PVST+............................................................................................................................................................. 586

Disabling PVST+.............................................................................................................................................................586

Inuencing PVST+ Root Selection.........................................................................................................................587

Modifying Global PVST+ Parameters..........................................................................................................................588

Modifying Interface PVST+ Parameters.....................................................................................................................589

Conguring an EdgePort.............................................................................................................................................. 590

PVST+ in Multi-Vendor Networks................................................................................................................................591

20

Contents

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Dell PowerEdge FX2/FX2s User guide

Dell PowerEdge FX2/FX2s User guide

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