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PowerEdge FX2/FX2s

Dell PowerEdge FX2/FX2s User guide

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Dell PowerEdge FN I/O Module
Conguration Guide
9.10(0.0)
Notes, cautions, and warnings
NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your computer.
CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the problem.
WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.
© 2016 Dell Inc. All rights reserved. This product is protected by U.S. and international copyright and intellectual property laws. Dell and the Dell logo are
trademarks of Dell Inc. in the United States and/or other jurisdictions. All other marks and names mentioned herein may be trademarks of their respective
companies.
2016 - 04
Rev. A00
Contents
1 About this Guide...........................................................................................................................................30
Audience........................................................................................................................................................................... 30
Conventions......................................................................................................................................................................30
Information Symbols........................................................................................................................................................30
Related Documents.......................................................................................................................................................... 31
2 Before You Start.......................................................................................................................................... 32
Operational Modes...........................................................................................................................................................32
Standalone mode....................................................................................................................................................... 32
VLT mode....................................................................................................................................................................32
Programmable MUX mode....................................................................................................................................... 32
Stacking mode............................................................................................................................................................33
Full Switch mode........................................................................................................................................................33
Default Settings................................................................................................................................................................33
Other Auto-Congured Settings....................................................................................................................................34
Data Center Bridging Support........................................................................................................................................34
FCoE Connectivity and FIP Snooping........................................................................................................................... 34
iSCSI Operation................................................................................................................................................................34
Link Aggregation.............................................................................................................................................................. 35
Link Tracking.....................................................................................................................................................................35
Conguring VLANs..........................................................................................................................................................35
Uplink LAG.................................................................................................................................................................. 35
Server-Facing LAGs.................................................................................................................................................. 35
Where to Go From Here..................................................................................................................................................35
3 Conguration Fundamentals........................................................................................................................ 37
Accessing the Command Line........................................................................................................................................ 37
CLI Modes.........................................................................................................................................................................37
Navigating CLI Modes............................................................................................................................................... 38
The do Command............................................................................................................................................................ 39
Undoing Commands........................................................................................................................................................ 39
Obtaining Help..................................................................................................................................................................40
Entering and Editing Commands................................................................................................................................... 40
Command History.............................................................................................................................................................41
Filtering show Command Outputs..................................................................................................................................41
Multiple Users in Conguration Mode...........................................................................................................................42
4 Getting Started............................................................................................................................................43
Console Access................................................................................................................................................................ 44
Serial Console............................................................................................................................................................. 44
External Serial Port with a USB Connector............................................................................................................46
Accessing the CLI Interface and Running Scripts Using SSH....................................................................................46
Entering CLI commands Using an SSH Connection..............................................................................................46
Contents
3
Executing Local CLI Scripts Using an SSH Connection........................................................................................46
Boot Process.................................................................................................................................................................... 47
Default Conguration...................................................................................................................................................... 48
Conguring a Host Name............................................................................................................................................... 48
Conguring a Unique Host Name on the System........................................................................................................49
Accessing the System Remotely....................................................................................................................................49
Accessing the Switch Remotely...............................................................................................................................49
Congure the Management Port IP Address......................................................................................................... 49
Congure a Management Route..............................................................................................................................50
Conguring a Username and Password..................................................................................................................50
Conguring the Enable Password..................................................................................................................................50
Conguration File Management......................................................................................................................................51
Copy Files to and from the System.......................................................................................................................... 51
Save the Running-Conguration..............................................................................................................................52
Viewing Files...............................................................................................................................................................53
Managing the File System.............................................................................................................................................. 54
View the Command History........................................................................................................................................... 55
Using HTTP for File Transfers........................................................................................................................................55
Upgrading and Downgrading the Dell Networking OS................................................................................................56
Verify Software Images Before Installation...................................................................................................................56
Deploying FN I/O Module............................................................................................................................................... 57
Ensuring the FN IOM system is in Standalone Mode............................................................................................58
Conguration Examples............................................................................................................................................ 58
Congure Interfaces and Port Channel...................................................................................................................60
Verifying the Congurations.....................................................................................................................................60
5 Management............................................................................................................................................... 62
Conguring Privilege Levels............................................................................................................................................62
Creating a Custom Privilege Level...........................................................................................................................62
Customizing a Privilege Level...................................................................................................................................63
Applying a Privilege Level to a Username...............................................................................................................65
Applying a Privilege Level to a Terminal Line.......................................................................................................... 65
Conguring Logging........................................................................................................................................................ 65
Audit and Security Logs............................................................................................................................................ 66
Conguring Logging Format ...................................................................................................................................67
Setting Up a Secure Connection to a Syslog Server.............................................................................................67
Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration........................................................................................69
Log Messages in the Internal Buer..............................................................................................................................69
Conguration Task List for System Log Management..........................................................................................69
Disabling System Logging............................................................................................................................................... 70
Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server............................................................................................................ 70
Conguring a UNIX System as a Syslog Server.....................................................................................................70
Changing System Logging Settings...............................................................................................................................70
Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration.........................................................................................71
Conguring a UNIX Logging Facility Level....................................................................................................................72
Synchronizing Log Messages......................................................................................................................................... 73
Enabling Timestamp on Syslog Messages.................................................................................................................... 73
4
Contents
Enabling Secure Management Mode.............................................................................................................................74
File Transfer Services.......................................................................................................................................................74
Conguration Task List for File Transfer Services.................................................................................................. 74
Enabling the FTP Server........................................................................................................................................... 74
Conguring FTP Server Parameters....................................................................................................................... 75
Conguring FTP Client Parameters.........................................................................................................................75
Terminal Lines................................................................................................................................................................... 76
Denying and Permitting Access to a Terminal Line................................................................................................ 76
Conguring Login Authentication for Terminal Lines............................................................................................. 77
Setting Time Out of EXEC Privilege Mode................................................................................................................... 77
Using Telnet to get to Another Network Device.......................................................................................................... 78
Lock CONFIGURATION Mode....................................................................................................................................... 78
Viewing the Conguration Lock Status...................................................................................................................79
Limit Concurrent Login Sessions....................................................................................................................................79
Restrictions for Limiting the Number of Concurrent Sessions.............................................................................79
Conguring Concurrent Session Limit.....................................................................................................................80
Enabling the System to Clear Existing Sessions.................................................................................................... 80
Track Login Activity.......................................................................................................................................................... 81
Restrictions for Tracking Login Activity................................................................................................................... 81
Conguring Login Activity Tracking..........................................................................................................................81
Display Login Statistics...............................................................................................................................................81
Recovering from a Forgotten Password....................................................................................................................... 83
Recovering from a Forgotten Enable Password...........................................................................................................84
Recovering from a Failed Start.......................................................................................................................................84
6 802.1X..........................................................................................................................................................86
The Port-Authentication Process.................................................................................................................................. 88
EAP over RADIUS......................................................................................................................................................89
Conguring 802.1X...........................................................................................................................................................89
Related Conguration Tasks..................................................................................................................................... 89
Important Points to Remember......................................................................................................................................90
Enabling 802.1X................................................................................................................................................................ 90
Conguring Request Identity Re-Transmissions......................................................................................................91
Conguring a Quiet Period after a Failed Authentication..................................................................................... 92
Forcibly Authorizing or Unauthorizing a Port............................................................................................................... 93
Re-Authenticating a Port................................................................................................................................................93
Conguring Timeouts......................................................................................................................................................94
Conguring Dynamic VLAN Assignment with Port Authentication.......................................................................... 95
Guest and Authentication-Fail VLANs.................................................................................................................... 96
Conguring a Guest VLAN........................................................................................................................................97
Conguring an Authentication-Fail VLAN............................................................................................................... 97
7 Access Control List (ACL) VLAN Groups and Content Addressable Memory (CAM).................................... 99
Optimizing CAM Utilization During the Attachment of ACLs to VLANs...................................................................99
Guidelines for Conguring ACL VLAN groups............................................................................................................100
Conguring ACL VLAN Groups and Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters............................................... 101
Conguring ACL VLAN Groups...............................................................................................................................101
Contents
5
Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters.......................................................................................................102
Viewing CAM Usage...................................................................................................................................................... 102
Allocating FP Blocks for VLAN Processes.................................................................................................................. 103
8 Access Control Lists (ACLs).......................................................................................................................105
IP Access Control Lists (ACLs).....................................................................................................................................106
Implementing ACL on the Dell Networking OS.......................................................................................................... 106
ACLs and VLANs............................................................................................................................................................ 107
ACL Optimization............................................................................................................................................................107
Determine the Order in which ACLs are Used to Classify Trac............................................................................. 107
Example of the order Keyword to Determine ACL Sequence.............................................................................107
IP Fragment Handling.................................................................................................................................................... 108
IP Fragments ACL Examples.........................................................................................................................................108
Layer 4 ACL Rules Examples.........................................................................................................................................108
Congure a Standard IP ACL........................................................................................................................................109
Conguring a Standard IP ACL Filter............................................................................................................................110
Congure an Extended IP ACL.......................................................................................................................................111
Conguring Filters with a Sequence Number...............................................................................................................111
Conguring Filters Without a Sequence Number........................................................................................................ 111
Established Flag...............................................................................................................................................................112
Congure Layer 2 and Layer 3 ACLs............................................................................................................................ 112
Assign an IP ACL to an Interface...................................................................................................................................113
Applying an IP ACL..........................................................................................................................................................113
Counting ACL Hits...........................................................................................................................................................114
Congure Ingress ACLs.................................................................................................................................................. 114
Congure Egress ACLs...................................................................................................................................................114
Applying Egress Layer 3 ACLs (Control-Plane)...........................................................................................................115
IP Prex Lists...................................................................................................................................................................115
Implementation Information.....................................................................................................................................116
Conguration Task List for Prex Lists.........................................................................................................................116
Creating a Prex List...................................................................................................................................................... 116
Creating a Prex List Without a Sequence Number...................................................................................................117
Viewing Prex Lists.........................................................................................................................................................118
Applying a Prex List for Route Redistribution............................................................................................................118
Applying a Filter to a Prex List (OSPF)...................................................................................................................... 119
ACL Resequencing..........................................................................................................................................................119
Resequencing an ACL or Prex List.............................................................................................................................120
Route Maps......................................................................................................................................................................121
Implementation Information..................................................................................................................................... 121
Important Points to Remember..................................................................................................................................... 121
Conguration Task List for Route Maps...................................................................................................................... 122
Creating a Route Map....................................................................................................................................................122
Congure Route Map Filters......................................................................................................................................... 123
Conguring Match Routes............................................................................................................................................ 124
Conguring Set Conditions........................................................................................................................................... 124
Congure a Route Map for Route Redistribution.......................................................................................................125
Congure a Route Map for Route Tagging................................................................................................................. 126
6
Contents
Continue Clause..............................................................................................................................................................126
Logging of ACL Processes............................................................................................................................................ 126
Guidelines for Conguring ACL Logging...................................................................................................................... 127
Conguring ACL Logging...............................................................................................................................................127
Flow-Based Monitoring Support for ACLs.................................................................................................................. 128
Behavior of Flow-Based Monitoring.......................................................................................................................128
Enabling Flow-Based Monitoring..................................................................................................................................130
9 Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD)...................................................................................................131
How BFD Works.............................................................................................................................................................. 131
BFD Packet Format..................................................................................................................................................132
BFD Sessions............................................................................................................................................................ 133
BFD Three-Way Handshake.................................................................................................................................... 134
Session State Changes............................................................................................................................................136
Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................................... 136
Congure BFD................................................................................................................................................................ 136
Congure BFD for Physical Ports...........................................................................................................................137
Enabling BFD Globally.............................................................................................................................................. 137
Establishing a Session on Physical Ports...............................................................................................................138
Changing Physical Port Session Parameters........................................................................................................ 139
Disabling and Re-Enabling BFD.............................................................................................................................. 140
Congure BFD for Static Routes..................................................................................................................................140
Related Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................140
Establishing Sessions for Static Routes................................................................................................................. 141
Changing Static Route Session Parameters.......................................................................................................... 141
Disabling BFD for Static Routes............................................................................................................................. 142
Congure BFD for OSPF...............................................................................................................................................142
Related Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................142
Establishing Sessions with OSPF Neighbors........................................................................................................ 143
Changing OSPF Session Parameters.....................................................................................................................144
Disabling BFD for OSPF...........................................................................................................................................144
Congure BFD for OSPFv3...........................................................................................................................................145
Related Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................145
Establishing Sessions with OSPFv3 Neighbors....................................................................................................145
Changing OSPFv3 Session Parameters.................................................................................................................145
Disabling BFD for OSPFv3...................................................................................................................................... 146
Congure BFD for BGP................................................................................................................................................. 146
Prerequisites..............................................................................................................................................................146
Establishing Sessions with BGP Neighbors...........................................................................................................146
Disabling BFD for BGP.............................................................................................................................................148
Use BFD in a BGP Peer Group............................................................................................................................... 148
Displaying BFD for BGP Information...................................................................................................................... 149
Congure BFD for VRRP...............................................................................................................................................152
Related Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................153
Establishing Sessions with All VRRP Neighbors...................................................................................................153
Establishing VRRP Sessions on VRRP Neighbors................................................................................................153
Changing VRRP Session Parameters.....................................................................................................................154
Contents
7
Disabling BFD for VRRP.......................................................................................................................................... 155
Congure BFD for VLANs.............................................................................................................................................155
Related Conguration Task..................................................................................................................................... 155
Establish Sessions with VLAN Neighbors............................................................................................................. 156
Changing VLAN Session Parameters.....................................................................................................................156
Disabling BFD for VLANs.........................................................................................................................................157
Congure BFD for Port-Channels................................................................................................................................ 157
Related Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................157
Establish Sessions on Port-Channels.....................................................................................................................158
Changing Physical Port Session Parameters........................................................................................................ 158
Disabling BFD for Port-Channels............................................................................................................................159
Conguring Protocol Liveness...................................................................................................................................... 159
Troubleshooting BFD......................................................................................................................................................159
10 Border Gateway Protocol IPv4 (BGPv4)....................................................................................................161
Autonomous Systems (AS)............................................................................................................................................161
Sessions and Peers........................................................................................................................................................ 163
Establish a Session................................................................................................................................................... 163
Route Reectors.............................................................................................................................................................164
Communities............................................................................................................................................................. 165
BGP Attributes................................................................................................................................................................165
Best Path Selection Criteria....................................................................................................................................165
Weight........................................................................................................................................................................167
Local Preference.......................................................................................................................................................167
Multi-Exit Discriminators (MEDs)...........................................................................................................................168
Origin..........................................................................................................................................................................169
AS Path......................................................................................................................................................................169
Next Hop................................................................................................................................................................... 170
Multiprotocol BGP..........................................................................................................................................................170
Implement BGP with the Dell Networking OS............................................................................................................ 170
Additional Path (Add-Path) Support......................................................................................................................170
Advertise IGP Cost as MED for Redistributed Routes......................................................................................... 171
Ignore Router-ID for Some Best-Path Calculations.............................................................................................. 171
Four-Byte AS Numbers............................................................................................................................................ 171
AS4 Number Representation.................................................................................................................................. 172
AS Number Migration...............................................................................................................................................173
BGP4 Management Information Base (MIB)........................................................................................................175
Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 175
Conguration Information..............................................................................................................................................176
BGP Conguration..........................................................................................................................................................176
Enabling BGP.............................................................................................................................................................177
Enabling MBGP Congurations............................................................................................................................. 206
BGP Regular Expression Optimization........................................................................................................................206
Debugging BGP............................................................................................................................................................. 206
Storing Last and Bad PDUs.................................................................................................................................... 207
PDU Counters.......................................................................................................................................................... 208
Sample Congurations.................................................................................................................................................. 208
8
Contents
11 Conguration Cloning................................................................................................................................ 217
Cloning Conguration Output Status...........................................................................................................................217
12 Content Addressable Memory (CAM).......................................................................................................220
CAM Allocation.............................................................................................................................................................. 220
Test CAM Usage.............................................................................................................................................................221
View CAM-ACL Settings............................................................................................................................................... 221
CAM Optimization......................................................................................................................................................... 222
13 Control Plane Policing (CoPP)..................................................................................................................223
Congure Control Plane Policing................................................................................................................................. 224
Conguring CoPP for Protocols............................................................................................................................ 225
Conguring CoPP for CPU Queues...................................................................................................................... 226
Show Commands.....................................................................................................................................................227
14 Data Center Bridging (DCB).....................................................................................................................229
Supported Modes..........................................................................................................................................................229
Ethernet Enhancements in Data Center Bridging..................................................................................................... 229
Priority-Based Flow Control......................................................................................................................................... 230
Enhanced Transmission Selection.................................................................................................................................231
Data Center Bridging Exchange Protocol (DCBx).....................................................................................................232
Creating a DCB Map..................................................................................................................................................... 233
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................233
Applying a DCB Map on Server-Facing Ethernet Ports......................................................................................233
Data Center Bridging: Default Conguration..............................................................................................................233
Data Center Bridging in a Trac Flow.........................................................................................................................234
Data Center Bridging: Auto-DCB-Enable Mode........................................................................................................ 234
Conguring Priority-Based Flow Control.................................................................................................................... 236
How Priority-Based Flow Control is Implemented...............................................................................................238
Conguring Lossless Queues................................................................................................................................. 238
Conguring the PFC Buer in a Switch Stack.................................................................................................... 239
Conguring Enhanced Transmission Selection.......................................................................................................... 240
How Enhanced Transmission Selection is Implemented..................................................................................... 240
ETS Operation with DCBx.......................................................................................................................................241
Hierarchical Scheduling in ETS Output Policies.......................................................................................................... 241
DCBx Operation............................................................................................................................................................. 242
DCBx Operation....................................................................................................................................................... 242
DCBx Port Roles...................................................................................................................................................... 242
DCB Conguration Exchange.................................................................................................................................243
Conguration Source Election................................................................................................................................244
Propagation of DCB Information............................................................................................................................244
Auto-Detection of the DCBx Version.................................................................................................................... 244
DCBx Example..........................................................................................................................................................245
DCBx Prerequisites and Restrictions.....................................................................................................................246
DCBx Error Messages.............................................................................................................................................246
Debugging DCBx on an Interface.......................................................................................................................... 246
Contents
9
Verifying the DCB Conguration..................................................................................................................................247
QoS dot1p Trac Classication and Queue Assignment..........................................................................................255
Troubleshooting PFC, ETS, and DCBx Operation......................................................................................................255
15 Dynamic Host Conguration Protocol (DHCP).........................................................................................258
Supported Modes..........................................................................................................................................................258
Assigning an IP Address using DHCP..........................................................................................................................258
Debugging DHCP Client Operation............................................................................................................................. 260
DHCP Client....................................................................................................................................................................261
How DHCP Client is Implemented...............................................................................................................................262
DHCP Client on a Management Interface..................................................................................................................262
DHCP Client on a VLAN............................................................................................................................................... 263
DHCP Packet Format and Options............................................................................................................................. 263
Option 82........................................................................................................................................................................264
Releasing and Renewing DHCP-based IP Addresses................................................................................................265
Viewing DHCP Statistics and Lease Information.......................................................................................................265
16 Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP)................................................................................................................ 267
ECMP for Flow-Based Anity..................................................................................................................................... 267
Enabling Deterministic ECMP Next Hop...............................................................................................................267
Link Bundle Monitoring..................................................................................................................................................267
Managing ECMP Group Paths.....................................................................................................................................268
17 FC FPORT................................................................................................................................................269
FC FPORT...................................................................................................................................................................... 270
Conguring Switch Mode to FCF Port Mode............................................................................................................ 270
Name Server................................................................................................................................................................... 271
FCoE Maps......................................................................................................................................................................271
Creating an FCoE Map..................................................................................................................................................272
Zoning..............................................................................................................................................................................273
Creating Zone and Adding Members...........................................................................................................................273
Creating Zone Alias and Adding Members.................................................................................................................. 274
Creating Zonesets.......................................................................................................................................................... 274
Activating a Zoneset......................................................................................................................................................275
Displaying the Fabric Parameters.................................................................................................................................275
18 FCoE Transit.............................................................................................................................................278
Supported Modes.......................................................................................................................................................... 278
Fibre Channel over Ethernet.........................................................................................................................................278
Ensure Robustness in a Converged Ethernet Network............................................................................................ 278
FIP Snooping on Ethernet Bridges..............................................................................................................................280
FIP Snooping in a Switch Stack....................................................................................................................................281
Using FIP Snooping....................................................................................................................................................... 282
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................282
Enabling the FCoE Transit Feature........................................................................................................................282
Enable FIP Snooping on VLANs.............................................................................................................................282
Congure the FC-MAP Value................................................................................................................................ 283
10
Contents
Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-Bridge Link....................................................................................................... 283
Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-FCF Link...........................................................................................................283
Impact on Other Software Features..................................................................................................................... 283
FIP Snooping Prerequisites.....................................................................................................................................284
FIP Snooping Restrictions...................................................................................................................................... 284
Conguring FIP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................284
Displaying FIP Snooping Information...........................................................................................................................285
FCoE Transit Conguration Example.......................................................................................................................... 290
19 FIPS Cryptography...................................................................................................................................292
Preparing the System....................................................................................................................................................292
Enabling FIPS Mode...................................................................................................................................................... 292
Generating Host-Keys...................................................................................................................................................293
Monitoring FIPS Mode Status......................................................................................................................................293
Disabling FIPS Mode..................................................................................................................................................... 294
20 Force10 Resilient Ring Protocol (FRRP).................................................................................................. 295
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................295
Ring Status............................................................................................................................................................... 296
Multiple FRRP Rings................................................................................................................................................297
Important FRRP Points...........................................................................................................................................298
Important FRRP Concepts.....................................................................................................................................299
Implementing FRRP.......................................................................................................................................................299
FRRP Conguration...................................................................................................................................................... 300
Creating the FRRP Group...................................................................................................................................... 300
Conguring the Control VLAN...............................................................................................................................300
Conguring and Adding the Member VLANs....................................................................................................... 301
Setting the FRRP Timers........................................................................................................................................303
Clearing the FRRP Counters..................................................................................................................................303
Viewing the FRRP Conguration...........................................................................................................................303
Viewing the FRRP Information...............................................................................................................................303
Troubleshooting FRRP.................................................................................................................................................. 304
Conguration Checks..............................................................................................................................................304
Sample Conguration and Topology............................................................................................................................304
21 GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP).............................................................................................. 307
Important Points to Remember....................................................................................................................................307
Congure GVRP.............................................................................................................................................................307
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................308
Enabling GVRP Globally................................................................................................................................................ 308
Enabling GVRP on a Layer 2 Interface........................................................................................................................309
Congure GVRP Registration...................................................................................................................................... 309
Congure a GARP Timer............................................................................................................................................... 310
22 FIP Snooping.............................................................................................................................................311
Supported Modes............................................................................................................................................................311
Fibre Channel over Ethernet..........................................................................................................................................311
Contents
11
Ensuring Robustness in a Converged Ethernet Network...........................................................................................311
FIP Snooping on Ethernet Bridges...............................................................................................................................313
How FIP Snooping is Implemented...............................................................................................................................314
FIP Snooping on VLANs.......................................................................................................................................... 314
FC-MAP Value.......................................................................................................................................................... 314
Bridge-to-FCF Links.................................................................................................................................................314
Impact on other Software Features.......................................................................................................................314
FIP Snooping Prerequisites..................................................................................................................................... 315
FIP Snooping Restrictions.......................................................................................................................................315
Conguring FIP Snooping..............................................................................................................................................315
Displaying FIP Snooping Information............................................................................................................................316
FIP Snooping Example................................................................................................................................................... 321
Debugging FIP Snooping............................................................................................................................................... 321
23 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP)......................................................................................... 323
IGMP Overview..............................................................................................................................................................323
IGMP Version 2.............................................................................................................................................................. 323
Joining a Multicast Group....................................................................................................................................... 324
Leaving a Multicast Group...................................................................................................................................... 324
IGMP Version 3.............................................................................................................................................................. 324
Joining and Filtering Groups and Sources............................................................................................................ 325
Leaving and Staying in Groups...............................................................................................................................326
IGMP Snooping.............................................................................................................................................................. 327
How IGMP Snooping is Implemented on an Aggregator...........................................................................................327
Disabling Multicast Flooding......................................................................................................................................... 327
Displaying IGMP Information........................................................................................................................................ 327
24 Interfaces................................................................................................................................................ 330
Basic Interface Conguration.......................................................................................................................................330
Advanced Interface Conguration...............................................................................................................................330
Interface Types................................................................................................................................................................331
View Basic Interface Information..................................................................................................................................331
Conguring the Default Interface................................................................................................................................ 333
Enabling a Physical Interface........................................................................................................................................334
Physical Interfaces.........................................................................................................................................................334
Conguration Task List for Physical Interfaces.................................................................................................... 334
Overview of Layer Modes...................................................................................................................................... 335
Conguring Layer 2 (Data Link) Mode..................................................................................................................335
Conguring Layer 2 (Interface) Mode.................................................................................................................. 335
Conguring Layer 3 (Network) Mode...................................................................................................................336
Conguring Layer 3 (Interface) Mode.................................................................................................................. 336
Management Interfaces................................................................................................................................................ 337
Conguring Management Interfaces on the MXL Switch..................................................................................337
VLAN Interfaces............................................................................................................................................................ 339
Loopback Interfaces...................................................................................................................................................... 339
Null Interfaces................................................................................................................................................................ 340
VLAN Membership........................................................................................................................................................ 340
12
Contents
Default VLAN .......................................................................................................................................................... 340
Port-Based VLANs...................................................................................................................................................341
VLANs and Port Tagging......................................................................................................................................... 341
Conguring VLAN Membership..............................................................................................................................341
Displaying VLAN Membership................................................................................................................................342
Adding an Interface to a Tagged VLAN.................................................................................................................342
Adding an Interface to an Untagged VLAN..........................................................................................................343
VLAN Conguration on Physical Ports and Port-Channels................................................................................343
Port Channel Interfaces................................................................................................................................................345
Port Channel Denition and Standards.................................................................................................................345
Port Channel Benets.............................................................................................................................................345
Port Channel Implementation.................................................................................................................................345
100/1000/10000 Mbps Interfaces in Port Channels...........................................................................................346
Conguration Tasks for Port Channel Interfaces.................................................................................................346
Creating a Port Channel..........................................................................................................................................346
Adding a Physical Interface to a Port Channel.....................................................................................................347
Reassigning an Interface to a New Port Channel................................................................................................348
Conguring the Minimum Oper Up Links in a Port Channel.............................................................................. 349
Adding or Removing a Port Channel from a VLAN............................................................................................. 349
Assigning an IP Address to a Port Channel.......................................................................................................... 350
Deleting or Disabling a Port Channel.....................................................................................................................350
Load Balancing through Port Channels...................................................................................................................... 350
Changing the Hash Algorithm.......................................................................................................................................351
Server Ports.................................................................................................................................................................... 351
Default Conguration without Start-up Cong................................................................................................... 352
Bulk Conguration......................................................................................................................................................... 352
Interface Range........................................................................................................................................................352
Bulk Conguration Examples..................................................................................................................................353
Dening Interface Range Macros................................................................................................................................ 354
Dene the Interface Range.................................................................................................................................... 354
Choosing an Interface-Range Macro.................................................................................................................... 355
Monitoring and Maintaining Interfaces....................................................................................................................... 355
Maintenance Using TDR.........................................................................................................................................356
Splitting QSFP Ports to SFP+ Ports........................................................................................................................... 356
Merging SFP+ Ports to QSFP 40G Ports.............................................................................................................357
Congure the MTU Size on an Interface..............................................................................................................358
Conguring wavelength for 10–Gigabit SFP+ optics................................................................................................358
Converting a QSFP or QSFP+ Port to an SFP or SFP+ Port..................................................................................358
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 359
Example Scenarios.................................................................................................................................................. 359
Layer 2 Flow Control Using Ethernet Pause Frames................................................................................................ 359
Enabling Pause Frames...........................................................................................................................................360
Congure MTU Size on an Interface...........................................................................................................................360
Port-Pipes....................................................................................................................................................................... 361
Auto-Negotiation on Ethernet Interfaces....................................................................................................................361
Setting the Speed and Duplex Mode of Ethernet Interfaces............................................................................. 361
View Advanced Interface Information.........................................................................................................................363
Contents
13
Conguring the Interface Sampling Size.............................................................................................................. 364
Dynamic Counters................................................................................................................................................... 365
Enhanced Control of Remote Fault Indication Processing....................................................................................... 366
25 Internet Protocol Security (IPSec)...........................................................................................................367
Conguring IPSec .........................................................................................................................................................367
26 IPv4 Routing............................................................................................................................................369
IP Addresses...................................................................................................................................................................369
Implementation Information....................................................................................................................................370
Conguration Tasks for IP Addresses....................................................................................................................370
IPv4 Path MTU Discovery Overview...........................................................................................................................372
Using the Congured Source IP Address in ICMP Messages.................................................................................. 373
Conguring the ICMP Source Interface................................................................................................................373
Conguring the Duration to Establish a TCP Connection.........................................................................................373
Enabling Directed Broadcast.........................................................................................................................................374
Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................................................ 374
Enabling Dynamic Resolution of Host Names...................................................................................................... 374
Specifying the Local System Domain and a List of Domains..............................................................................375
Conguring DNS with Traceroute..........................................................................................................................375
ARP..................................................................................................................................................................................376
Conguration Tasks for ARP...................................................................................................................................376
ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................................ 377
ARP Learning via ARP Request....................................................................................................................................378
Conguring ARP Retries............................................................................................................................................... 379
ICMP................................................................................................................................................................................379
Conguration Tasks for ICMP................................................................................................................................ 379
UDP Helper.....................................................................................................................................................................380
Congure UDP Helper............................................................................................................................................ 380
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 380
Enabling UDP Helper...............................................................................................................................................380
Congurations Using UDP Helper................................................................................................................................ 381
UDP Helper with Broadcast-All Addresses............................................................................................................381
UDP Helper with Subnet Broadcast Addresses...................................................................................................382
UDP Helper with Congured Broadcast Addresses............................................................................................382
UDP Helper with No Congured Broadcast Addresses......................................................................................383
Troubleshooting UDP Helper........................................................................................................................................ 383
27 IPv6 Routing............................................................................................................................................ 384
Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 384
Extended Address Space........................................................................................................................................385
Stateless Autoconguration................................................................................................................................... 385
IPv6 Header Fields.........................................................................................................................................................386
Version (4 bits).........................................................................................................................................................386
Trac Class (8 bits)................................................................................................................................................ 386
Flow Label (20 bits).................................................................................................................................................386
Payload Length (16 bits)..........................................................................................................................................387
14
Contents
Next Header (8 bits)................................................................................................................................................387
Hop Limit (8 bits)..................................................................................................................................................... 387
Source Address (128 bits).......................................................................................................................................388
Destination Address (128 bits)............................................................................................................................... 388
Extension Header Fields................................................................................................................................................388
Hop-by-Hop Options Header................................................................................................................................. 388
Addressing...................................................................................................................................................................... 389
Link-local Addresses................................................................................................................................................389
Static and Dynamic Addressing............................................................................................................................. 389
Implementing IPv6 with the Dell Networking OS...................................................................................................... 390
ICMPv6............................................................................................................................................................................391
Path MTU Discovery..................................................................................................................................................... 392
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery.............................................................................................................................................. 392
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery of MTU Packets...........................................................................................................393
Conguration Task List for IPv6 RDNSS.................................................................................................................... 393
Conguring the IPv6 Recursive DNS Server....................................................................................................... 393
Displaying IPv6 RDNSS Information......................................................................................................................394
Debugging IPv6 RDNSS Information Sent to the Host .....................................................................................394
IPv6 Multicast................................................................................................................................................................ 394
Conguration Task List for IPv6...................................................................................................................................395
Adjusting Your CAM-Prole....................................................................................................................................395
Assigning an IPv6 Address to an Interface...........................................................................................................396
Assigning a Static IPv6 Route................................................................................................................................396
Conguring Telnet with IPv6.................................................................................................................................. 397
SNMP over IPv6...................................................................................................................................................... 397
Showing IPv6 Information.......................................................................................................................................397
Showing an IPv6 Interface..................................................................................................................................... 398
Showing IPv6 Routes..............................................................................................................................................398
Showing the Running-Conguration for an Interface......................................................................................... 399
Clearing IPv6 Routes...............................................................................................................................................399
Secure Shell (SSH) Over an IPv6 Transport..............................................................................................................400
28 iSCSI Optimization................................................................................................................................... 401
Supported Modes...........................................................................................................................................................401
iSCSI Optimization Overview........................................................................................................................................401
Monitoring iSCSI Trac Flows.....................................................................................................................................402
Information Monitored in iSCSI Trac Flows.............................................................................................................403
Synchronizing iSCSI Sessions Learned on VLT-Lags with VLT-Peer.......................................................................403
iSCSI Optimization: Operation......................................................................................................................................403
Conguring iSCSI Optimization....................................................................................................................................403
Displaying iSCSI Optimization Information................................................................................................................. 405
29 Intermediate System to Intermediate System.......................................................................................... 407
IS-IS Protocol Overview................................................................................................................................................407
IS-IS Addressing.............................................................................................................................................................407
Multi-Topology IS-IS...................................................................................................................................................... 408
Transition Mode....................................................................................................................................................... 408
Contents
15
Interface Support.................................................................................................................................................... 409
Adjacencies...............................................................................................................................................................409
Graceful Restart............................................................................................................................................................ 409
Timers....................................................................................................................................................................... 409
Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 409
Conguration Information..............................................................................................................................................410
Conguration Tasks for IS-IS................................................................................................................................... 411
IS-IS Metric Styles.........................................................................................................................................................424
Congure Metric Values............................................................................................................................................... 425
Maximum Values in the Routing Table.................................................................................................................. 425
Change the IS-IS Metric Style in One Level Only................................................................................................425
Leaks from One Level to Another.......................................................................................................................... 427
Sample Congurations.................................................................................................................................................. 427
30 Isolated Networks for Aggregators.......................................................................................................... 432
Conguring and Verifying Isolated Network Settings............................................................................................... 432
31 Link Aggregation.......................................................................................................................................433
Supported Modes..........................................................................................................................................................433
How the LACP is Implemented on an Aggregator.....................................................................................................433
Uplink LAG................................................................................................................................................................434
Server-Facing LAGs................................................................................................................................................ 434
LACP Modes............................................................................................................................................................ 434
Auto-Congured LACP Timeout............................................................................................................................434
Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP)................................................................................................................ 435
Conguration Tasks for Port Channel Interfaces.................................................................................................435
Creating a Port Channel......................................................................................................................................... 435
Adding a Physical Interface to a Port Channel.....................................................................................................435
Reassigning an Interface to a New Port Channel................................................................................................ 437
Conguring the Minimum Oper Up Links in a Port Channel.............................................................................. 438
Conguring VLAN Tags for Member Interfaces.................................................................................................. 438
Deleting or Disabling a Port Channel.....................................................................................................................439
Conguring Auto LAG................................................................................................................................................... 439
Conguring the Minimum Number of Links to be Up for Uplink LAGs to be Active..............................................441
Optimizing Trac Disruption Over LAG Interfaces On IOA Switches in VLT Mode..............................................442
Preserving LAG and Port Channel Settings in Nonvolatile Storage........................................................................ 442
Enabling the LACP link fallback member.................................................................................................................... 442
Enabling the Verication of Member Links Utilization in a LAG Bundle..................................................................442
Monitoring the Member Links of a LAG Bundle........................................................................................................ 443
Verifying LACP Operation and LAG Conguration.................................................................................................... 443
Multiple Uplink LAGs with 10G Member Ports.......................................................................................................... 446
32 Layer 2.....................................................................................................................................................448
Supported Modes..........................................................................................................................................................448
Managing the MAC Address Table.............................................................................................................................. 448
Clearing the MAC Address Entries........................................................................................................................448
Displaying the MAC Address Table........................................................................................................................ 449
16
Contents
Disabling MAC Address Learning on the System.................................................................................................449
Network Interface Controller (NIC) Teaming............................................................................................................. 449
MAC Address Station Move...................................................................................................................................450
MAC Move Optimization......................................................................................................................................... 451
33 Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)..................................................................................................... 452
Supported Modes..........................................................................................................................................................452
Protocol Data Units....................................................................................................................................................... 452
Congure LLDP..............................................................................................................................................................454
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................454
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 454
CONFIGURATION versus INTERFACE Congurations............................................................................................ 454
Enabling LLDP................................................................................................................................................................455
Disabling and Undoing LLDP..................................................................................................................................455
Advertising TLVs............................................................................................................................................................455
Optional TLVs.................................................................................................................................................................456
Management TLVs.................................................................................................................................................. 456
IEEE Organizationally Specic TLVs...................................................................................................................... 457
LLDP-MED Capabilities TLV...................................................................................................................................458
LLDP-MED Network Policies TLV......................................................................................................................... 459
Extended Power via MDI TLV................................................................................................................................460
LLDP Operation............................................................................................................................................................. 460
Viewing the LLDP Conguration.................................................................................................................................. 461
Viewing Information Advertised by Adjacent LLDP Agents...................................................................................... 461
Conguring LLDPDU Intervals..................................................................................................................................... 462
Conguring a Time to Live............................................................................................................................................463
Clearing LLDP Counters............................................................................................................................................... 463
Debugging LLDP............................................................................................................................................................463
Relevant Management Objects................................................................................................................................... 464
34 Microsoft Network Load Balancing.......................................................................................................... 469
NLB Unicast Mode Scenario........................................................................................................................................469
NLB Multicast Mode Scenario.....................................................................................................................................469
Limitations With Enabling NLB on Switches.............................................................................................................. 470
Benets and Working of Microsoft Clustering...........................................................................................................470
Enable and Disable VLAN Flooding .............................................................................................................................470
Conguring a Switch for NLB ..................................................................................................................................... 470
Multicast NLB Mode................................................................................................................................................ 471
35 Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP)......................................................................................... 472
Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 472
Anycast RP..................................................................................................................................................................... 474
Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................475
Congure the Multicast Source Discovery Protocol................................................................................................. 475
Related Conguration Tasks................................................................................................................................... 475
Enabling MSDP.............................................................................................................................................................. 479
Manage the Source-Active Cache.............................................................................................................................. 480
Contents
17
Viewing the Source-Active Cache.........................................................................................................................480
Limiting the Source-Active Cache.........................................................................................................................480
Clearing the Source-Active Cache.........................................................................................................................481
Enabling the Rejected Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................ 481
Accept Source-Active Messages that Fail the RFP Check...................................................................................... 481
Specifying Source-Active Messages...........................................................................................................................485
Limiting the Source-Active Messages from a Peer...................................................................................................486
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Local Source.......................................................................................................486
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Remote Source...................................................................................................487
Preventing MSDP from Advertising a Local Source..................................................................................................487
Logging Changes in Peership States...........................................................................................................................488
Terminating a Peership..................................................................................................................................................488
Clearing Peer Statistics.................................................................................................................................................489
Debugging MSDP.......................................................................................................................................................... 489
MSDP with Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................489
Conguring Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................490
Reducing Source-Active Message Flooding......................................................................................................... 491
Specifying the RP Address Used in SA Messages...............................................................................................491
MSDP Sample Congurations......................................................................................................................................493
36 Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP)................................................................................................ 496
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................496
Spanning Tree Variations...............................................................................................................................................497
Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................497
Congure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol................................................................................................................ 497
Related Conguration Tasks................................................................................................................................... 497
Enable Multiple Spanning Tree Globally...................................................................................................................... 498
Creating Multiple Spanning Tree Instances................................................................................................................ 498
Inuencing MSTP Root Selection................................................................................................................................499
Interoperate with Non-Dell Networking OS Bridges.................................................................................................500
Changing the Region Name or Revision.....................................................................................................................500
Modifying Global Parameters.......................................................................................................................................500
Enable BPDU Filtering Globally.................................................................................................................................... 502
Modifying the Interface Parameters........................................................................................................................... 502
Conguring an EdgePort.............................................................................................................................................. 503
Flush MAC Addresses after a Topology Change....................................................................................................... 504
MSTP Sample Congurations......................................................................................................................................504
Router 1 Running-CongurationRouter 2 Running-CongurationRouter 3 Running-
CongurationSFTOS Example Running-Conguration.......................................................................................504
Debugging and Verifying MSTP Congurations........................................................................................................ 507
37 Multicast Features...................................................................................................................................509
Enabling IP Multicast.....................................................................................................................................................509
Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 509
First Packet Forwarding for Lossless Multicast..........................................................................................................510
Multicast Policies............................................................................................................................................................510
IPv4 Multicast Policies...................................................................................................................................................510
18
Contents
Limiting the Number of Multicast Routes............................................................................................................. 510
Preventing a Host from Joining a Group................................................................................................................511
Rate Limiting IGMP Join Requests.........................................................................................................................513
Preventing a PIM Router from Forming an Adjacency........................................................................................ 514
Preventing a Source from Registering with the RP............................................................................................. 514
Preventing a PIM Router from Processing a Join.................................................................................................517
38 Open Shortest Path First (OSPFv2 and OSPFv3).................................................................................... 518
Protocol Overview..........................................................................................................................................................518
Autonomous System (AS) Areas............................................................................................................................ 518
Area Types................................................................................................................................................................. 519
Networks and Neighbors........................................................................................................................................520
Router Types............................................................................................................................................................ 520
Link-State Advertisements (LSAs)........................................................................................................................522
Router Priority and Cost......................................................................................................................................... 523
OSPF with the Dell Networking OS............................................................................................................................ 524
Graceful Restart...................................................................................................................................................... 525
Fast Convergence (OSPFv2, IPv4 Only)..............................................................................................................526
Processing SNMP and Sending SNMP Traps......................................................................................................526
OSPF ACK Packing................................................................................................................................................. 526
Setting OSPF Adjacency with Cisco Routers...................................................................................................... 526
Conguration Information............................................................................................................................................. 527
Conguration Task List for OSPFv2 (OSPF for IPv4).........................................................................................527
Troubleshooting OSPFv2........................................................................................................................................538
Conguration Task List for OSPFv3 (OSPF for IPv6)............................................................................................... 541
Enabling IPv6 Unicast Routing...............................................................................................................................542
Assigning IPv6 Addresses on an Interface............................................................................................................542
Assigning Area ID on an Interface..........................................................................................................................542
Assigning OSPFv3 Process ID and Router ID Globally........................................................................................542
Conguring Stub Areas...........................................................................................................................................543
Conguring Passive-Interface................................................................................................................................543
Redistributing Routes..............................................................................................................................................544
Conguring a Default Route...................................................................................................................................544
Enabling OSPFv3 Graceful Restart....................................................................................................................... 544
Displaying Graceful Restart....................................................................................................................................545
OSPFv3 Authentication Using IPsec.....................................................................................................................547
39 Policy-based Routing (PBR).................................................................................................................... 554
Overview........................................................................................................................................................................ 554
Implementing Policy-based Routing with Dell Networking OS................................................................................556
Conguration Task List for Policy-based Routing......................................................................................................556
PBR Exceptions (Permit)....................................................................................................................................... 558
Sample Conguration....................................................................................................................................................560
Create the Redirect-List GOLDAssign Redirect-List GOLD to Interface 2/11View Redirect-List GOLD...... 561
40 PIM Sparse-Mode (PIM-SM).................................................................................................................. 565
Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 565
Contents
19
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................565
Requesting Multicast Trac.................................................................................................................................. 565
Refuse Multicast Trac..........................................................................................................................................566
Send Multicast Trac.............................................................................................................................................566
Conguring PIM-SM.....................................................................................................................................................566
Related Conguration Tasks................................................................................................................................... 567
Enable PIM-SM..............................................................................................................................................................567
Conguring S,G Expiry Timers..................................................................................................................................... 568
Conguring a Static Rendezvous Point......................................................................................................................569
Overriding Bootstrap Router Updates.................................................................................................................. 569
Conguring a Designated Router.................................................................................................................................570
Creating Multicast Boundaries and Domains..............................................................................................................570
Enabling PIM-SM Graceful Restart.............................................................................................................................570
41 PIM Source-Specic Mode (PIM-SSM)....................................................................................................571
Congure PIM-SMM......................................................................................................................................................571
Related Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................571
Implementation Information.......................................................................................................................................... 571
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................572
Enabling PIM-SSM........................................................................................................................................................ 572
Use PIM-SSM with IGMP Version 2 Hosts................................................................................................................ 572
Conguring PIM-SSM with IGMPv2.....................................................................................................................573
42 Port Monitoring........................................................................................................................................574
Supported Modes.......................................................................................................................................................... 574
Conguring Port Monitoring.........................................................................................................................................574
Important Points to Remember....................................................................................................................................575
Port Monitoring..............................................................................................................................................................576
43 Private VLANs (PVLAN).......................................................................................................................... 577
Private VLAN Concepts................................................................................................................................................ 577
Using the Private VLAN Commands..................................................................................................................... 578
Conguration Task List............................................................................................................................................579
Private VLAN Conguration Example................................................................................................................... 582
44 Per-VLAN Spanning Tree Plus (PVST+)................................................................................................... 585
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................585
Implementation Information................................................................................................................................... 586
Congure Per-VLAN Spanning Tree Plus................................................................................................................... 586
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................586
Enabling PVST+............................................................................................................................................................. 586
Disabling PVST+.............................................................................................................................................................586
Inuencing PVST+ Root Selection.........................................................................................................................587
Modifying Global PVST+ Parameters..........................................................................................................................588
Modifying Interface PVST+ Parameters.....................................................................................................................589
Conguring an EdgePort.............................................................................................................................................. 590
PVST+ in Multi-Vendor Networks................................................................................................................................591
20
Contents
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