Operation Manual – QinQ
H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches Table of Contents
i
Table of Contents
Chapter 1 QinQ Configuration .....................................................................................................1-1
1.1 QinQ Overview...................................................................................................................1-1
1.1.1 Introduction to QinQ................................................................................................1-1
1.1.2 Implementation of QinQ..........................................................................................1-2
1.1.3 Adjusting TPID Values of QinQ Packets.................................................................1-2
1.2 Configuring VLAN VPN on a Port......................................................................................1-3
1.2.1 Configuration Prerequisites.....................................................................................1-3
1.2.2 Configuration Procedure.........................................................................................1-3
1.3 Configuring Traffic Classification-Based Nested VLAN.....................................................1-4
1.3.1 Configuration Prerequisites.....................................................................................1-4
1.3.2 Configuration Procedure.........................................................................................1-4
1.4 Configuring the TPID to Be Used in the Outer Tag...........................................................1-6
1.4.1 Configuration Prerequisites.....................................................................................1-6
1.4.2 Configuration Procedure.........................................................................................1-7
1.5 Configuring VLAN-VPN Tunneling.....................................................................................1-7
1.5.1 Introduction to VLAN-VPN Tunneling......................................................................1-7
1.5.2 Configuring VLAN-VPN tunneling...........................................................................1-8
1.6 Displaying and Maintaining QinQ Configuration................................................................1-9
1.7 QinQ Configuration Examples...........................................................................................1-9
1.7.1 Traffic Classification-Based Nested VLAN Configuration Example........................1-9
1.7.2 TPID Value Configuration Example ......................................................................1-11
1.7.3 VLAN-VPN Tunneling Configuration Example......................................................1-13
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Chapter 1 QinQ Configuration
When configuring QinQ, go to these sections for the information you are interested in:
z QinQ Overview
z Configuring VLAN VPN on a Port
z Configuring Traffic Classification-Based Nested VLAN
z Configuring the TPID to Be Used in the Outer Tag
z Configuring VLAN-VPN Tunneling
z Displaying and Maintaining QinQ Configuration
1.1 QinQ Overview
1.1.1 Introduction to QinQ
QinQ is a technique that enables packets to be transmitted across the operators’
backbone networks with VLAN tags of private networks nested in those of public
networks. In public networks, packets of this type are transmitted by their outer VLAN
tags (that is, the VLAN tags of public networks). And those of private networks, which
are nested in the VLAN tags of public networks, remain intact.
Figure 1-1 shows the structure of a single-tagged frame and a double-tagged frame.
Figure 1-1 Single-tagged frame structure vs. double-tagged Ethernet frame structure
Compared with MPLS-based L2VPN, QinQ has the following features:
z Layer 2 VPN tunnels that are simpler.
z QinQ can be implemented without the support of signaling protocols. You can
enable QinQ by static configuring.
As QinQ is implemented through trunk port defined in 802.1Q, all devices along tunnels
with QinQ employed must be 802.1Q-enabled. Therefore, QinQ is suitable for
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small-sized metropolitan area networks (MANs) or intranets with Layer 3 switches
operate as the core layer devices.
QinQ provides you with the following benefits:
z Saves public network VLAN IDs.
z You can have VLAN IDs of your own, which do not conflict with public network
VLAN IDs.
z Provide simple Layer 2 VPN solutions for small-sized MANs or intranets.
1.1.2 Implementation of QinQ
QinQ can be implemented on S9500 series switches in the following ways:
1) Enabling VLAN VPN on ports
With VLAN VPN enabled, a received packet is tagged with the default VLAN tag of the
port no matter whether or not the packet carries a VLAN tag. Otherwise, the packet is
transmitted with the default VLAN tag carried.
2) Configuring traffic classification-based nested VLANs
Traffic classification-based nested VLANs is also called flexible QinQ. It is a kind of
QinQ implemented in a more flexible way. You can specify to perform the following
operations on packets that match specified ACL rules:
z Setting the outer VLAN tags
z Modifying the outer VLAN tags
1.1.3 Adjusting TPID Values of QinQ Packets
Tag protocol identifier (TPID) is a portion of the VLAN tag field. IEEE 802.1Q specifies
the value of TPID to be 0x8100.
The structure of the Tag field of an Ethernet frame defined by IEEE 802.1Q is as
follows:
Figure 1-2 The structure of the VLAN Tag field of an Ethernet frame
By default, a S9500 series switch uses 0x8100 as the value of the TPID field, which is
defined by IEEE 802.1Q. But S9500 series switches can also adjust the TPID values of
QinQ packets. This ensures S9500 series switches are compatible with devices coming
from other vendors even through the later use other TPID values (such as 0x9100 or
0x9200) in the outer tags of QinQ packets.
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To modify the TPID values of packets, you need to set the ports connecting to the public
networks to be VLAN-VPN uplink ports, whose TPID value can be configured by users.
After you configure a TPID value for a VLAN-VPN uplink port, the switch substitutes the
new TPID values for those VLAN-VPN uplink ports in the outer tags carried by received
packets before transmitting the packet through the VLAN-VPN uplink ports to enable
these packets to be accepted by devices of other vendors.
1.2 Configuring VLAN VPN on a Port
1.2.1 Configuration Prerequisites
z GARP VLAN registration protocol (GVRP), spanning tree protocol (STP), and
802.1x protocol are disabled on the port.
z IGMP Snooping is disabled in the VLAN to which the port belongs.
z IGMP is disabled in the VLAN to which the port belongs.
1.2.2 Configuration Procedure
Table 1-1 Configure VLAN VPN on a port
Operation Command Remarks
Enter system view
system-view
—
Enter Ethernet port view
interface { interface-type
interface-number |
interface-name }
—
Enable VLAN VPN
vlan-vpn enable
By default, VLAN VPN is
disabled on a port.
Display VLAN VPN
configuration information
about all ports in the
system
display port vlan-vpn
Information about the
current TPID value,
VLAN-VPN ports,
VLAN-VPN uplink ports is
displayed.
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Caution:
z VLAN VPN is unavailable to ports on which GVRP, STP, NTP, 802.1x, or RRPP is
enabled.
z VLAN VPN cannot be enabled on a port if the VLAN which the port belongs to has
IGMP Snooping enabled or its VLAN interface has IGMP enabled. Similarly, if a port
is VLAN VPN-enabled, you cannot enable IGMP Snooping in the VLAN to which the
port belongs or enable IGMP on the VLAN interface of the VLAN.
z If you have enabled VLAN VPN for the ports in the VLAN, the VLAN cannot be
removed.
z After you enable the QinQ function, the configured ACL may fail to function.
1.3 Configuring Traffic Classification-Based Nested VLAN
1.3.1 Configuration Prerequisites
z ACLs and corresponding rules to be applied already exist.
z The VLANs to be specified by the nested-vlanid argument already exist.
1.3.2 Configuration Procedure
Table 1-2 Configure traffic classification-based nest vlan
Operation Command Remarks
Enter system view
system-view
—
Enter Ethernet port view
or port group view
interface { interface-type
interface-number | interface-name }
or port-group index
—
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Operation Command Remarks
Deliver a
Layer 3
traffic
classification
rule
traffic-redirect inbound ip-group
{ acl-number | acl-name } [ rule rule
[ system-index index ] ]
nested-vlan nested-vlanid
[ interface interface-type
interface-number destination-vlan
l2-vpn ] | link-aggregation group
groupid destination-vlan |
smart-link group groupid
destination-vlan ]
Deliver both
Layer 2 and
Layer 3
traffic
classification
rules
traffic-redirect inbound ip-group
{ acl-number | acl-name } [ rule
rule ] link-group { acl-number |
acl-name } [ rule rule ] nested-vlan
nested-vlanid [ interface
interface-type interface-number
destination-vlan l2-vpn ] |
link-aggregation group groupid
destination-vlan | smart-link group
groupid destination-vlan ],
or, traffic-redirect inbound
ip-group { acl-number | acl-name }
link-group { acl-number |
acl-name } rule rule nested-vlan
nested-vlanid [ interface
interface-type interface-number
destination-vlan [ l2-vpn ] |
link-aggregation group groupid
destination-vlan | smart-link group
groupid destination-vlan ]
Set outer
VLAN
tags for
the
packets
matching
the ACL
rules
Deliver a
Layer 2
traffic
classification
rule
traffic-redirect inbound
link-group { acl-number |
acl-name } [ rule rule
[ system-index index ] ]
nested-vlan nested-vlanid
[ interface interface-type
interface-number } destination-vlan
l2-vpn ] | link-aggregation group
groupid destination-vlan |
smart-link group groupid
destination-vlan ]
Make sure the
Nested-VLAN
already exists to
prevent
otherwise the
packets from
being discarded.
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Operation Command Remarks
Deliver a
Layer 3
traffic
classification
rule
traffic-redirect inbound ip-group
{ acl-number | acl-name } [ rule rule
[ system-index index ] ]
modified-vlan modified-vlanid
Deliver both
Layer 2 and
Layer 3
traffic
classification
rules
traffic-redirect inbound ip-group
{ acl-number | acl-name } [ rule
rule ] link-group { acl-number |
acl-name } [ rule rule ]
modified-vlan modified-vlanid, or,
traffic-redirect inbound ip-group
{ acl-number | acl-name }
link-group { acl-number |
acl-name } rule rule modified-vlan
modified-vlanid
Modify
outer
VLAN
tags for
the
packets
matching
the ACL
flow rules
Deliver a
Layer 2
traffic
classification
rule
traffic-redirect inbound
link-group { acl-number |
acl-name } [ rule rule
[ system-index index ] ]
modified-vlan modified-vlanid
This command
modifies the
outer VLAN tag
of the packets.
Caution:
At present, the traffic-redirect { nested-vlan | modified-vlan } command is only
supported on boards with a suffix of DB or DC.
1.4 Configuring the TPID to Be Used in the Outer Tag
1.4.1 Configuration Prerequisites
As VLAN-VPN uplink ports typically works with the VLAN VPN ports, make sure that
VLAN VPN is disabled on the port before proceeding with the following configuration.
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1.4.2 Configuration Procedure
Table 1-3 Configure the TPID to be used in the outer tag
Operation Command Remarks
Enter system view
system-view
—
Configure the TPID value
vlan-vpn tpid value
The value argument
ranges from 1 to 0xFFFF
and defaults to 0x8100.
Do not set the TPID value
to a value that may cause
a conflict, such as that of
known protocol type.
The TPID value can be
modified only on
VLAN-VPN uplink egress
ports.
Enter Ethernet port view
interface { interface-type
interface-number |
interface-name }
—
Set the port to be a
VLAN-VPN uplink port.
vlan-vpn uplink enable
By default, a port is not a
VLAN-VPN uplink port.
Display VLAN VPN
configuration information
about all ports in the
system
display port vlan-vpn
Information about the
current TPID value,
VLAN-VPN ports and
VLAN-VPN uplink ports is
display.
Caution:
z At present, LSB1XP4 and LSB1TGX1 cards do not support this configuration.
z The vlan-vpn uplink enable and the vlan-vpn enable command are mutual
exclusive. That is, you cannot used the vlan-vpn enable command while on a port
the vlan-vpn uplink enable command is in effect on the same port, and vice versa.
1.5 Configuring VLAN-VPN Tunneling
1.5.1 Introduction to VLAN-VPN Tunneling
VLAN-VPN tunneling enables customer networks in different geographic regions to
transmit BPDU packets to each other transparently through the designated VLAN VPN
over the service provider network.
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As shown in Figure 1-3, the service provider network comprises packet input and
output devices. The customer networks include network A and network B. Through the
configuration on the devices at both ends of the service provider network, the
destination MAC address of the BPDU packet is replaced with a MAC address in a
special format at one end, and the MAC address is converted back to the original
destination MAC address at the other end. In this way the packet is transmitted
transparently over the service provider network.
Figure 1-3 VLAN-VPN tunneling network hierarchy
1.5.2 Configuring VLAN-VPN tunneling
Perform the following configuration to configure VLAN-VPN tunneling.
Table 1-4 Configure VLAN-VPN tunneling
Operation Command Remarks
Enter system view
system-view
—
Enable VLAN-VPN
tunneling
vlan-vpn tunnel
Required
Enter Ethernet port view
interface interface-type
interface-number
—
Enable VLAN VPN of the
port
vlan-vpn enable
Required
By default, VLAN VPN is
disabled on a port.
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1.6 Displaying and Maintaining QinQ Configuration
To do … Use the command … Remarks
Display the configuration
information of VLAN
VPN-enabled PVCs of an
ATM primary interface or
subinterface.
display atm vlan-vpn
[ interface atm
interface-number [ pvc
{ pvc-name | vpi/vci } ] ]
Available in any view
Display VLAN
VPN-related configuration
information in the system
display port vlan-vpn
Available in any view
Monitor packets of
specified users in the
inbound direction of a
specified interface.
traceuser interface
interface-type
interface-number [ mac
mac-address ] [ vlan vlan-id ]
[ number number ]
Available in any view
1.7 QinQ Configuration Examples
1.7.1 Traffic Classification-Based Nested VLAN Configuration Example
I. Network requirements
z As shown in Figure 1-4, two types of services run on the S9512 switch: common
internet access and on-demand multicast video. Traffic classification-based
nested VLAN encapsulates different tags at the exterior layer to distinguish the
two services based on the packet tag sent by the digital subscriber line access
multiplexer (DSLAM).
z VLAN 100 to VLAN 512 comprise home users that have access to the Internet. For
the packets in this VLAN range, S9512 needs to encapsulate another external tag
of VLAN 1000, and then sends the packets to BRAS.
z VLAN 600 is a multicast VLAN. When receiving a packet with the tag of VLAN 600,
S9512 does not process the packet.
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II. Network diagram
BRAS
Multicast
Server
S9512
GE4/1/1
GE4/1/2
VLAN 1000
、
600
VoD VLAN 600
DSLAM
Internet VLANs 100～512
Figure 1-4 Network diagram for traffic classification-based nested VLAN configuration
III. Configuration procedure
# Enable IGMP-snooping in VLAN 600.
<H3C> system-view
[H3C] vlan 600
[H3C-vlan600] igmp-snooping enable
[H3C-vlan600] quit
# Configure the downlink port GigabitEthernet 4/1/2 to be a hybrid port. Configure
VLAN 1000 to be untagged and VLAN 600 to be tagged.
[H3C] interface GigabitEthernet4/1/2
[H3C-GigabitEthernet4/1/2] port link-type hybrid
[H3C-GigabitEthernet4/1/2] port hybrid vlan 600 tagged
[H3C-GigabitEthernet4/1/2] port hybrid vlan 1000 untagged
[H3C-GigabitEthernet4/1/2] quit
# Configure a flow template.
[H3C] flow-template user-defined slot 4 s-tag-vlan
[H3C-GigabitEthernet4/1/2] flow-template user-defined
[H3C-GigabitEthernet4/1/2] quit
# Configure QinQ so that when the packets of VLAN 100 to 512 leave the uplink port
GigabitEthernet 4/1/1, they need to be tagged with the exterior tag of VLAN 100.
[H3C] acl number 4000
[H3C-acl-link-4000] rule 0 permit s-tag-vlan 100 to 512
[H3C-GigabitEthernet4/1/2] traffic-redirect inbound link-group 4000 rule 0
nested-vlan 1000
[H3C-GigabitEthernet4/1/2] vlan filter disable
[H3C-GigabitEthernet4/1/2] quit
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# Configure the uplink port GigabitEthernet 4/1/1 to a trunk port and allow the packets
of VLAN 1000 and VLAN 600 to pass the uplink port.
[H3C] interface GigabitEthernet4/1/1
[H3C-GigabitEthernet4/1/1] port link-type trunk
[H3C-GigabitEthernet4/1/1] port trunk permit vlan 600 1000
1.7.2 TPID Value Configuration Example
I. Network requirements
z Switch A and Switch C are S9500 series switches. Switch B is a switch produced
by other vendor. It uses TPID value of 0x9100.
z Two networks are connected to the GigabitEthernet 2/1/1 ports of Switch A and
Switch C respectively.
z Switch B only permits packets of VLAN 10.
z It is required that packets of VLANs other than VLAN 10 can be exchanged
between the networks connected to Switch A and Switch C.
II. Network diagram
Switch A
Switch B
Switch C
GE2/1/1（Access、VLAN-VPN port）
GE2/1/2（Trunk、 VLAN-VPN Uplink port）
GE2/1/2（Trunk、 VLAN-VPN Uplink port）
GE3/1/2（Trunk port and TPID is 0X9100）
GE3/1/1 （Trunk port and TPID is 0X9100）
GE2/1/1（Access、VLAN-VPN port）
Figure 1-5 Network diagram for adjusting TPID values
III. Configuration Procedure
1) Configure Switch A and Switch C. As the configuration performed on Switch A and
Switch C is the same, configuration on Switch C is omitted.
# Set the TPID value of the VLAN-VPN uplink port to 0x9100.
<SwitchA>system-view
System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.
[SwitchA]vlan-vpn tpid 9100
[SwitchA]vlan 10
[SwitchA-vlan10]quit
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# Configure the GigabitEthernet 2/1/2 port to be a VLAN-VPN uplink port and add it to
VLAN 10 (a trunk port).
[SwitchA]interface GigabitEthernet2/1/2
[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet2/1/2]port link-type trunk
[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet2/1/2]port trunk permit vlan 10
[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet2/1/2]vlan-vpn uplink enable
# Configure the GigabitEthernet 2/1/1 port to be a VLAN VPN port and add it to VLAN
10 (an access port).
[SwitchA]interface GigabitEthernet2/1/1
[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet2/1/1]port access vlan 10
[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet2/1/1]vlan-vpn enable
[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet2/1/1]quit
2) Configure Switch B
Because Switch B is produced by other vendor, related commands may differ from
those available to S9500 switches. So only the operation is listed, as shown below:
z Configure GigabitEthernet 3/1/1 and GigabitEthernet 3/1/3 ports of Switch B to be
trunk ports.
z Add the two ports to VLAN 10.
Note:
The following describes how a packet is forwarded from Switch A to Switch C.
z As the GigabitEthernet 2/1/1 port of Switch A is a VLAN VPN port, when a packet
reaches GigabitEthernet 2/1/1 port of Switch A, it is tagged with the default VLAN
tag (VLAN 10, the outer tag) and is then forwarded to GigabitEthernet 2/1/2 port.
z Because GigabitEthernet 2/1/2 port is a VLAN-VPN uplink port with a TPID of
0x9100, Switch A changes the TPID value in the outer VLAN Tag of the packet to
0x9100, and forwards the packet to the public network.
z The packet reaches GigabitEthernet 3/1/2 port of Switch B. Switch B sends the
packet to its GigabitEthernet 3/1/1 port by forwarding the packet in VLAN 10.
z The packet is forward from GigabitEthernet 3/1/1 port of Switch B to the network on
the other side and enters GigabitEthernet 2/1/2 port of Switch C, Switch C sends the
packet to its GigabitEthernet 2/1/1 port by forwarding the packet in VLAN 10. As
GigabitEthernet 2/1/1 port is an access port, Switch C strip off the outer VLAN tag of
the packet and restores the original packet.
A packet goes through similar procedure when traveling from Switch C to Switch A.
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IV. Verification
The configuration is successful if packets sourced from the networks connected to
Switch A can reach those connected to Switch C, or packets sourced from the networks
connected to Switch C can reach those connected to Switch A.
1.7.3 VLAN-VPN Tunneling Configuration Example
I. Network requirements
z S9500 series switches, namely Switch C and D in the network diagram, serve as
devices used to access the service provider network.
z S2000 series switches, namely Switch C and D in the network diagram, serve as
devices used to access the customer network.
z Interconnect switch C and switch D through trunk ports. Enable VLAN-VPN
tunneling to transmit packets transparently between the customer network and the
service provider network.
II. Network diagram
Switch A
Switch B
Switch C
Eth0/1 VLAN 10
Switch D
Eth0/1 VLAN 10
Eth4/1/1 VLAN 20 Eth3/1/1 VLAN 20
Eth4/1/3 Eth3/1/3
Figure 1-6 Configure VLAN-VPN tunneling
III. Configuration procedure
1) Configure switch A.
# Enable MSTP.
<H3C> system-view
[H3C] stp enable
# Set the port to a trunk port and allow the packets of VLAN 10 to pass the port.
[H3C] vlan 10
[H3C-Ethernet0/1] port link-type trunk
[H3C-Ethernet0/1] port trunk permit vlan 10
2) Configure switch B.
# Enable MSTP.
<H3C> system-view
[H3C] stp enable
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# Set the port to a trunk port and allow the packets of VLAN 10 to pass the port.
[H3C] vlan 10
[H3C-Ethernet0/1] port link-type trunk
[H3C-Ethernet0/1]port trunk permit vlan 10
3) Configure switch C.
# Enable MSTP.
<H3C> system-view
[H3C] stp enable
# Enable VLAN-VPN tunneling.
[H3C] vlan-vpn tunnel
# Add Ethernet 4/1/1 to VLAN 20.
[H3C] vlan 20
[H3C-Vlan20] port Ethernet4/1/1
[H3C-Vlan20] quit
# Disable STP and enable VLAN-VPN on Ethernet 4/1/1.
[H3C] interface Ethernet4/1/1
[H3C-Ethernet4/1/1] stp disable
[H3C-Ethernet4/1/1] vlan-vpn enable
[H3C-Ethernet4/1/1] quit
# Set Ethernet 4/1/3 to a trunk port and add this port to all the VLANs.
[H3C] interface Ethernet4/1/3
[H3C-Ethernet4/1/3] port link-type trunk
[H3C-Ethernet4/1/3] port trunk permit vlan all
4) Configure switch D.
# Enable MSTP.
<H3C> system-view
[H3C] stp enable
# Enable VLAN-VPN tunneling.
[H3C] vlan-vpn tunnel
# Add Ethernet 3/1/1 to VLAN 20.
[H3C] vlan 20
[H3C-Vlan20] port Ethernet3/1/1
[H3C-Vlan20] quit
# Disable STP and enable VLAN-VPN on Ethernet 3/1/1.
[H3C] interface Ethernet3/1/1
[H3C-Ethernet3/1/1] stp disable
[H3C-Ethernet3/1/1] vlan-vpn enable
[H3C-Ethernet3/1/1] quit
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# Set Ethernet 3/1/3 to a trunk port and add this port to all the VLANs.
[H3C] interface Ethernet3/1/3
[H3C-Ethernet3/1/3] port link-type trunk
[H3C-Ethernet3/1/3] port trunk permit vlan all
Caution:
z STP must be enabled on VLAN-VPN tunneling-enabled devices; otherwise BPDUs
in the customer network cannot be transmitted transparently.
z VLAN-VPN-enabled ports must be configured to Access ports. The link type of the
intermediate service provider network must be configured to the Trunk link.
z VLAN-VPN tunneling is unavailable to ports with any of the protocols among 802.1x,
GVRP, STP, network topology discovery protocol (NTDP), and GARP multicast
registration protocol (GMRP) enabled.
/