Garmin G950 Reference guide

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Reference guide

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Garmin International, Inc.
1200 East 151st Street
Olathe, KS 66062, U.S.A.
p:913.397.8200
f:913.397.8282
Garmin AT, Inc.
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Salem, OR 97302, U.S.A.
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f:503.364.2138
Garmin (Europe) Ltd.
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Southampton, Hampshire SO40 9LR U.K.
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f:44 (0) 23 8052 4004
Aviation Support:44 (0) 87 0850 1243
Garmin Corporation
No. 68, Jangshu 2nd Road
Shijr, Taipei County, Taiwan
p:886/02.2642.9199
f:886/02.2642.9099
www.garmin.com
Twin Commander
G950
®
Integrated Avionics System
Pilot’s Guide
G950
®
Pilot’s Guide
Twin Commander
190-01602-00
Revision B
SYSTEM OVERVIEW
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS
ENGINE INDICATION SYSTEM
AUDIO PANEL & CNS
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT
HAZARD AVOIDANCE
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
APPENDICES
INDEX
Garmin G950 Pilot’s Guide for the Twin Commander
190-01602-00 Rev. B
Copyright © 2014, 2015 Garmin Ltd. or its subsidiaries. All rights reserved.
This manual reflects the operation of System Software version 2037.06 or later. Some differences in operation may be observed when
comparing the information in this manual to earlier or later software versions.
Garmin International, Inc., 1200 East 151st Street, Olathe, Kansas 66062, U.S.A.
Tel: 913/397.8200 Fax: 913/397.8282
Garmin AT, Inc., 2345 Turner Road SE, Salem, OR 97302, U.S.A.
Tel: 503/391.3411 Fax: 503/364.2138
Garmin (Europe) Ltd., Liberty House, Hounsdown Business Park, Southampton, SO40 9LR, U.K
Tel: 44 (0) 23 8052 4000 Fax: 44 (0) 23 8052 4004 Aviation Support:44 (0) 87 0850 1243
Garmin Corporation, No. 68, Jangshu 2nd Road, Shijr, Taipei County, Taiwan
Tel: 886/02.2642.9199 Fax: 886/02.2642.9099
For after-hours emergency, aircraft on ground (AOG) technical support for Garmin panel mount and integrated avionics systems, please
contact Garmin’s AOG Hotline at 913.397.0836.
Website Address: www.garmin.com
Except as expressly provided herein, no part of this manual may be reproduced, copied, transmitted, disseminated, downloaded or stored
in any storage medium, for any purpose without the express written permission of Garmin. Garmin hereby grants permission to download
a single copy of this manual and of any revision to this manual onto a hard drive or other electronic storage medium to be viewed for
personal use, provided that such electronic or printed copy of this manual or revision must contain the complete text of this copyright notice
and provided further that any unauthorized commercial distribution of this manual or any revision hereto is strictly prohibited.
Garmin
®
is a registered trademark of Garmin Ltd. or its subsidiaries, and G950
®
, FliteCharts
®
, connext
, and SafeTaxi
®
are trademarks of
Garmin Ltd. or its subsidiaries. These trademarks may not be used without the express permission of Garmin.
NavData
®
is a registered trademark of Jeppesen, Inc.; S-TEC
®
is a registered trademark of S-TEC; SiriusXM Weather and SiriusXM Satellite
Radio are provided by SiriusXM Satellite Radio, Inc. AC-U-KWIK
®
is a registered trademark of Penton Business Media Inc.
The Bluetooth
®
word mark and logos are owned by the Bluetooth SIG, Inc. and any use of such marks by Garmin is under license.
AOPA Membership Publications, Inc. and its related organizations (hereinafter collectively AOPA”) expressly disclaim all warranties,
with respect to the AOPA information included in this data, express or implied, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties
of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. The information is provided “as is” and AOPA does not warrant or make any
representations regarding its accuracy, reliability, or otherwise. Under no circumstances including negligence, shall AOPA be liable for any
incidental, special or consequential damages that result from the use or inability to use the software or related documentation, even if
AOPA or an AOPA authorized representative has been advised of the possibility of such damages. User agrees not to sue AOPA and, to
the maximum extent allowed by law, to release and hold harmless AOPA from any causes of action, claims or losses related to any actual
or alleged inaccuracies in the information. Some jurisdictions do not allow the limitation or exclusion of implied warranties or liability for
incidental or consequential damages so the above limitations or exclusions may not apply to you.
July 2015 Printed in the U.S.A
190-01602-00 Rev. B
Garmin G950 Pilot’s Guide for the Twin Commander
i
LIMITED WARRANTY
AC-U-KWIK and its related organizations (hereafter collectively AC-U-KWIK Organizations”) expressly disclaim all warranties with
respect to the AC-U-KWIK information included in this data, express or implied, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of
merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. The information is provided “as is” and AC-U-KWIK Organizations do not warrant or
make any representations regarding its accuracy, reliability, or otherwise. Licensee agrees not to sue AC-U-KWIK Organizations and, to the
maximum extent allowed by law, to release and hold harmless AC-U-KWIK Organizations from any cause of action, claims or losses related
to any actual or alleged inaccuracies in the information arising out of Garmin’s use of the information in the datasets. Some jurisdictions
do not allow the limitation or exclusion of implied warranties or liability for incidental or consequential damages so the above limitations
or exclusions may not apply to licensee.
Garmin G950 Pilot’s Guide for the Twin Commander
190-01602-00 Rev. Bii
WARNINGS, CAUTIONS, AND NOTES
WARNING: Navigation and terrain separation must NOT be predicated upon the use of the terrain avoidance
feature. The terrain avoidance feature is NOT intended to be used as a primary reference for terrain avoidance
and does not relieve the pilot from the responsibility of being aware of surroundings during flight. The
terrain avoidance feature is only to be used as an aid for terrain avoidance. Terrain data is obtained from
third party sources. Garmin is not able to independently verify the accuracy of the terrain data.
WARNING: The displayed minimum safe altitudes (MSAs) are only advisory in nature and should not be
relied upon as the sole source of obstacle and terrain avoidance information. Always refer to current
aeronautical charts for appropriate minimum clearance altitudes.
WARNING: The altitude calculated by G950 GPS receivers is geometric height above Mean Sea Level and
could vary significantly from the altitude displayed by pressure altimeters, such as the GDC 74A Air Data
Computer, or other altimeters in aircraft. GPS altitude should never be used for vertical navigation. Always
use pressure altitude displayed by the G950 PFD or other pressure altimeters in aircraft.
WARNING: Do not use outdated database information. Databases used in the G950 system must be updated
regularly in order to ensure that the information remains current. Pilots using any outdated database do so
entirely at their own risk.
WARNING: Do not use basemap (land and water data) information for primary navigation. Basemap data is
intended only to supplement other approved navigation data sources and should be considered as an aid to
enhance situational awareness.
WARNING: Do not rely solely upon the display of traffic information for collision avoidance maneuvering.
The traffic display does not provide collision avoidance resolution advisories and does not under any
circumstances or conditions relieve the pilot’s responsibility to see and avoid other aircraft.
WARNING: Do not rely solely upon the display of traffic information to accurately depict all of the traffic
within range of the aircraft. Due to lack of equipment, poor signal reception, and/or inaccurate information
from aircraft or ground stations, traffic may be present that is not represented on the display.
WARNING: Do not rely on information from a lightning detection system display as the sole basis for hazardous
weather avoidance. Range limitations and interference may cause the system to display inaccurate or
incomplete information. Refer to documentation from the lightning detection system manufacturer for
detailed information about the system.
WARNING: Do not use data link weather information for maneuvering in, near, or around areas of hazardous
weather. Information contained within data link weather products may not accurately depict current
weather conditions.
WARNING: Do not use the indicated data link weather product age to determine the age of the weather
information shown by the data link weather product. Due to time delays inherent in gathering and processing
weather data for data link transmission, the weather information shown by the data link weather product
may be significantly older than the indicated weather product age.
190-01602-00 Rev. B
Garmin G950 Pilot’s Guide for the Twin Commander
iii
WARNINGS, CAUTIONS, AND NOTES
WARNING:
For safety reasons, G950 operational procedures must be learned on the ground.
WARNING:
The Garmin G950, as installed in this aircraft, has a very high degree of functional integrity.
However, the pilot must recognize that providing monitoring and/or self-test capability for all conceivable
system failures is not practical. Although unlikely, it may be possible for erroneous operation to occur
without a fault indication shown by the G950. It is thus the responsibility of the pilot to detect such an
occurrence by means of cross-checking with all redundant or correlated information available in the cockpit.
WARNING:
The United States government operates the Global Positioning System and is solely responsible
for its accuracy and maintenance. The GPS system is subject to changes which could affect the accuracy
and performance of all GPS equipment. Portions of the Garmin G950 utilize GPS as a precision electronic
NAVigation AID (NAVAID). Therefore, as with all NAVAIDs, information presented by the G950 can be
misused or misinterpreted and, therefore, become unsafe.
WARNING:
To reduce the risk of unsafe operation, carefully review and understand all aspects of the G950
Pilot’s Guide documentation and the G950 Integrated Avionics System in the Airplane Flight Manual.
Thoroughly practice basic operation prior to actual use. During flight operations, carefully compare indications
from the G950 to all available navigation sources, including the information from other NAVAIDs, visual
sightings, charts, etc. For safety purposes, always resolve any discrepancies before continuing navigation.
WARNING
: The illustrations in this guide are only examples. Never use the G950 to attempt to penetrate
a thunderstorm. Both the FAA Advisory Circular, Subject: Thunderstorms, and the Aeronautical Information
Manual (AIM) recommend avoiding “by at least 20 miles any thunderstorm identified as severe or giving an
intense radar echo.
WARNING
:
Lamp(s) inside this product may contain mercury (HG) and must be recycled or disposed of
according to local, state, or federal laws. For more information, refer to our website at www.garmin.com/
aboutGarmin/environment/disposal.jsp.
WARNING
:
Because of variation in the earth’s magnetic field, operating the G950 within the following areas
could result in loss of reliable attitude and heading indications. North of 72° North latitude at all longitudes;
South of 70° South latitude at all longitudes; North of 65° North latitude between longitude 75° W and
120° W. (Northern Canada); North of 70° North latitude between longitude 70° W and 128° W. (Northern
Canada); North of 70° North latitude between longitude 85° E and 114° E. (Northern Russia); South of 55°
South latitude between longitude 120° E and 165° E. (Region south of Australia and New Zealand)
WARNING
:
Do not use GPS to navigate to any active waypoint identified as a ‘NON WGS84 WPT’ by a
system message. ‘NON WGS84 WPT’ waypoints are derived from an unknown map reference datum that
may be incompatible with the map reference datum used by GPS (known as WGS84) and may be positioned
in error as displayed.
Garmin G950 Pilot’s Guide for the Twin Commander
190-01602-00 Rev. Biv
WARNINGS, CAUTIONS, AND NOTES
CAUTION: The PFD and MFD displays use a lens coated with a special anti-reflective coating that is very
sensitive to skin oils, waxes, and abrasive cleaners. CLEANERS CONTAINING AMMONIA WILL HARM THE
ANTI-REFLECTIVE COATING. It is very important to clean the lens using a clean, lint-free cloth and an
eyeglass lens cleaner that is specified as safe for anti-reflective coatings.
CAUTION:
The Garmin G950 does not contain any user-serviceable parts. Repairs should only be made by
an authorized Garmin service center. Unauthorized repairs or modifications could void both the warranty
and the pilot’s authority to operate this device under FAA/FCC regulations.
NOTE: When using Stormscope, there are several atmospheric phenomena in addition to nearby
thunderstorms that can cause isolated discharge points in the strike display mode. However, clusters of
two or more discharge points in the strike display mode do indicate thunderstorm activity if these points
reappear after the screen has been cleared.
NOTE: Do not rely solely upon data link services to provide Temporary Flight Restriction (TFR) information.
Always confirm TFR information through official sources such as Flight Service Stations or Air Traffic Control.
NOTE: All visual depictions contained within this document, including screen images of the G950 panel and
displays, are subject to change and may not reflect the most current G950 system and aviation databases.
Depictions of equipment may differ slightly from the actual equipment.
NOTE
: This device complies with part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two
conditions: (1) this device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any
interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.
NOTE
: Interference from GPS repeaters operating inside nearby hangars can cause an intermittent loss of
attitude and heading displays while the aircraft is on the ground. Moving the aircraft more than 100 yards
away from the source of the interference should alleviate the condition.
NOTE
: Use of polarized eyewear may cause the flight displays to appear dim or blank.
NOTE
: This product, its packaging, and its components contain chemicals known to the State of California
to cause cancer, birth defects, or reproductive harm. This notice is being provided in accordance with
California’s Proposition 65. If you have any questions or would like additional information, please refer to
our web site at www.garmin.com/prop65.
190-01602-00 Rev. B
Garmin G950 Pilot’s Guide for the Twin Commander
v
REVISION INFORMATION
NOTE
: The FAA has asked Garmin to remind pilots who fly with Garmin database-dependent avionics of the
following:
It is the pilot’s responsibility to remain familiar with all FAA regulatory and advisory guidance and information
related to the use of databases in the National Airspace System.
• Garmin equipment will only recognize and use databases that are obtained from Garmin or Jeppesen. Databases
obtained from Garmin or Jeppesen are assured compliance with all data quality requirements (DQRs) by virtue
of a Type 2 Letter of Authorization (LOA) from the FAA. A copy of the Type 2 LOA is available for each database
and can be viewed at http://fly.garmin.com by selecting ‘Type 2 LOA Status.
Use of a current Garmin or Jeppesen database in your Garmin equipment is required for compliance with
established FAA regulatory guidance, but does not constitute authorization to fly any and all terminal procedures
that may be presented by the system. It is the pilot’s responsibility to operate in accordance with established
AFM(S) and regulatory guidance or limitations as applicable to the pilot, the aircraft, and installed equipment.
NOTE
: The pilot/operator must review and be familiar with Garmin’s database exclusion list as discussed
in SAIB CE-14-04 to determine what data may be incomplete. The database exclusion list can be viewed at
www.flygarmin.com by selecting ‘Database Exclusions List.
NOTE
: The pilot/operator must have access to Garmin and Jeppesen database alerts and consider their
impact on the intended aircraft operation. The database alerts can be viewed at www.flygarmin.com by
selecting ‘Aviation Database Alerts.
NOTE
: If the pilot/operator wants or needs to adjust the database, contact Garmin Product Support to
coordinate the revised DQRs.
NOTE: Garmin requests the flight crew report any observed discrepancies related to database information.
These discrepancies could come in the form of an incorrect procedure; incorrectly identified terrain, obstacles
and fixes; or any other displayed item used for navigation or communication in the air or on the ground. Go
to FlyGarmin.com and select ‘Report An Aviation Data Error Report.
Garmin G950 Pilot’s Guide for the Twin Commander
190-01602-00 Rev. Bvi
REVISION INFORMATION
Record of Revisions
Part Number Revision Date Page Range Description
190-01602-00 A 4/29/14 i – I-6 Initial release for 13.06 software.
190-01602-00 B 7/15/15 i – I-6 Updated for GDU 15.01 software
Added GDL 88
Added Flight Stream 210
Updated for GDL 69 SXM
190-01602-00 Rev. B
Garmin G950 Pilot’s Guide for the Twin Commander
vii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION 1 SYSTEM OVERVIEW
1.1 Line Replaceable Units ........................................... 2
1.2 Secure Digital (SD) Cards .......................................7
1.3 System Power-up ..................................................... 8
1.4 System Operation .................................................... 9
Display Operation ......................................................... 9
G950 System Annunciations ........................................ 10
System Status ............................................................. 11
AHRS Operation ......................................................... 13
GPS Receiver Operation .............................................. 14
1.5 G950 Controls ........................................................ 19
PFD Controls .............................................................. 19
MFD Controls ............................................................. 21
MFD/PFD Control Unit ................................................. 22
Softkey Function ......................................................... 24
1.6 Accessing G950 Functionality .............................. 32
Menus ....................................................................... 32
Data Entry.................................................................. 33
Page Groups .............................................................. 34
System Settings .......................................................... 38
System Utilities ........................................................... 47
1.7 Display Backlighting ............................................. 51
SECTION 2 FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS
2.1 Flight Instruments ................................................. 56
Airspeed Indicator ...................................................... 56
Attitude Indicator ....................................................... 58
Altimeter ................................................................... 59
Vertical Speed Indicator (VSI) ....................................... 63
Vertical Deviation ....................................................... 63
Horizontal Situation Indicator (HSI) .............................. 64
Course Deviation Indicator (CDI) .................................. 69
2.2 Supplemental Flight Data .................................... 77
Temperature Displays .................................................. 77
Wind Data ................................................................. 78
Vertical Navigation (VNV) Indications ........................... 79
2.3 PFD Annunciations and Alerting Functions ........ 80
System Annunciations ................................................. 80
Marker Beacon Annunciations...................................... 81
Traffic Annunciation .................................................... 82
Altitude Alerting ......................................................... 82
Low Altitude Annunciation .......................................... 83
Minimum Descent Altitude/Decision Height Alerting ...... 83
Radar Altimeter .......................................................... 84
2.4 Abnormal Operations ........................................... 87
Abnormal GPS Conditions ........................................... 87
Heading Failure Modes................................................ 88
Unusual Attitudes ....................................................... 89
SECTION 3 ENGINE INDICATION SYSTEM (EIS)
3.1 Engine Display ....................................................... 92
3.2 Engine Page............................................................ 94
Torque % Gauge ......................................................... 96
Horsepower Gauge ..................................................... 96
Exhaust Gas Temperature ............................................ 97
Interstage turbine temperature .................................... 97
Turbine Speed Gauge .................................................. 98
Fuel Flow ................................................................... 98
Electrical .................................................................... 98
Hydraulics .................................................................. 99
Oil Pressure and Temperature Gauges ........................... 99
Anti-Ice Group ............................................................ 99
Fuel Quantity and Pressure ........................................ 100
Fuel Consumed......................................................... 100
Flap Indications ........................................................ 100
Trim Indications ........................................................ 101
Landing Gear Indications ........................................... 101
EIS Display (Reversionary Mode) ................................ 102
SECTION 4 AUDIO PANEL AND CNS
4.1 Overview .............................................................. 103
PFD Controls and Frequency Display ........................... 104
GMA 1347D Audio Panel Controls .............................. 106
MFD/PFD Control Unit ............................................... 108
4.2 COM Operation .................................................... 110
COM Transceiver Selection and Activation ................... 110
COM Transceiver Manual Tuning ................................ 111
Quick-tuning and Activating 121.500 MHz .................. 112
Auto-tuning the COM Frequency ................................ 113
Auto-tuning from the MFD ........................................ 114
Frequency Spacing .................................................... 117
Automatic Squelch .................................................... 118
Volume .................................................................... 118
4.3 NAV Operation ..................................................... 119
NAV Radio Selection and Activation ........................... 119
Garmin G950 Pilot’s Guide for the Twin Commander
190-01602-00 Rev. Bviii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
NAV Receiver Manual Tuning ..................................... 120
Auto-tuning a NAV Frequency from the MFD ............... 122
Auto-tuning NAV Frequencies on Approach Activation . 125
Marker Beacon Receiver ............................................ 125
4.4 GTX 33 W/ES Mode S Transponder .................... 127
Transponder Controls ................................................ 128
Transponder Mode Selection ...................................... 129
Entering a Transponder Code ..................................... 131
IDENT Function ........................................................ 132
Flight ID Reporting.................................................... 133
4.5 Additional Audio Panel Functions ..................... 134
Power-Up ................................................................. 134
Mono/Stereo Headsets .............................................. 134
Speaker ................................................................... 134
Intercom .................................................................. 135
Passenger Address (PA) System .................................. 136
Clearance Recorder and Player ................................... 136
Entertainment Inputs ................................................ 137
4.6 Audio Panel Preflight Procedure ....................... 138
4.7 Abnormal Operation ........................................... 140
Stuck Microphone ..................................................... 140
COM Tuning Failure ................................................... 140
Audio Panel Fail-safe Operation ................................. 140
PFD Failure (Reversionary Mode) ............................... 140
SECTION 5 FLIGHT MANAGEMENT
5.1 Introduction ......................................................... 141
Navigation Status Box ............................................... 142
5.2 Using Map Displays ............................................. 144
Map Orientation ....................................................... 144
Map Range .............................................................. 146
Map Panning ............................................................ 148
Measuring Bearing and Distance ................................ 153
Topography .............................................................. 154
Map Symbols ........................................................... 157
Airways ................................................................... 163
Track Vector ............................................................. 165
Wind Vector ............................................................. 166
Nav Range Ring........................................................ 167
Fuel Range Ring ....................................................... 168
Field of View (SVT) .................................................... 169
Selected Altitude Intercept Arc ................................... 170
5.3 Waypoints ............................................................. 171
Airports ................................................................... 172
Intersections ............................................................ 179
NDBs ....................................................................... 181
VORs ....................................................................... 183
User Waypoints ........................................................ 185
5.4 Airspaces .............................................................. 191
5.5 Direct-to-Navigation .......................................... 196
5.6 Flight Planning ..................................................... 202
Flight Plan Creation .................................................. 203
Adding Waypoints to an Existing Flight Plan ................ 210
Adding Airways to a Flight Plan ................................. 213
Adding Procedures to a Stored Flight Plan .................. 216
Flight Plan Storage ................................................... 223
Flight Plan Editing .................................................... 225
Along Track Offsets ................................................... 229
Parallel Track ............................................................ 230
Activating a Flight Plan Leg ....................................... 233
Inverting a Flight Plan ............................................... 234
Flight Plan Views ...................................................... 235
Closest Point of FPL .................................................. 237
User-Defined Holding Patterns ................................... 237
5.7 Vertical Navigation ............................................. 242
Altitude Constraints .................................................. 244
5.8 Procedures ...........................................................248
Departures ............................................................... 249
Arrivals ................................................................... 252
Approaches ............................................................. 255
5.9 Trip Planning ........................................................ 263
Trip Planning ............................................................ 263
Weight Planning ....................................................... 267
Weight Caution And Warning Conditions .................... 269
5.10 RAIM Prediction................................................... 270
5.11 Navigating a Flight Plan ..................................... 274
5.12 Abnormal Operation ........................................... 302
SECTION 6 HAZARD AVOIDANCE
6.1 SiriusXM Weather ................................................ 306
Activating Services .................................................... 306
Using SiriusXM Weather Products .............................. 308
SiriusXM Weather Abnormal Operations ..................... 342
190-01602-00 Rev. B
Garmin G950 Pilot’s Guide for the Twin Commander
ix
TABLE OF CONTENTS
6.2 Garmin Connext Weather ................................... 344
Registering the Iridium Satellite System ...................... 344
Registering Garmin Connext Weather ......................... 345
Accessing Garmin Connext Weather Products .............. 346
Connext Data Requests ............................................. 354
Garmin Connext Weather Products ............................. 358
Abnormal Operations ................................................ 373
6.3 FIS-B Weather ...................................................... 375
Using FIS-B Weather Products .................................... 375
FIS-B Weather Status................................................. 397
6.4 Airborne Color Weather Radar .......................... 399
System Description ................................................... 399
Principles of Pulsed Airborne Weather Radar ............... 399
Safe Operating Distance ............................................ 403
Basic Antenna Tilt Setup ............................................ 404
Weather Mapping and Interpretation ......................... 405
Ground Mapping and Interpretation ........................... 415
Weather Radar Overlay on the Navigation Map Page ... 416
System Status ........................................................... 417
6.5 Stormscope Lightning ......................................... 419
Setting Up Stormscope on the Navigation Map ........... 419
6.6 Terrain Proximity ................................................. 424
Displaying Terrain Proximity Data ............................... 424
6.7 Profile View Terrain ............................................. 429
Profile View Display .................................................. 430
6.8 Terrain-SVS ........................................................... 433
Displaying Terrain-SVS Data ....................................... 434
Terrain-SVS Page ...................................................... 436
6.9 TAWS-B ................................................................. 442
Displaying TAWS-B Data ............................................ 443
TAWS-B Page ........................................................... 446
TAWS-B Alerts .......................................................... 448
System Status ........................................................... 454
6.10 Traffic Information Service (TIS) ........................ 456
Displaying TRAFFIC Data ........................................... 457
Traffic Map Page ....................................................... 459
TIS Alerts ................................................................. 460
System Status ........................................................... 462
6.11 Garmin TAS/TCAS I Traffic ................................... 464
Theory of Operation .................................................. 464
Traffic Alerts ............................................................. 467
System Test .............................................................. 468
Operation ................................................................ 470
6.12 ADS-B tRAFFIC ..................................................... 478
ADS-B System Overview ............................................ 478
ADS-B with TAS/TCAS I .............................................. 480
Conflict Situational Awareness & Alerting ................... 480
Airborne and Surface Applications .............................. 483
Traffic Description ..................................................... 484
Operation ................................................................ 484
System Status ........................................................... 493
SECTION 7 AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM
S-TEC IntelliFlight 2100 ................................................ 497
Altitude Preselect ..................................................... 497
SECTION 8 ADDITIONAL FEATURES
8.1 Synthetic Vision Technology (SVT) ..................... 500
SVT Operation .......................................................... 501
SVT Features ............................................................ 503
Field of View ............................................................ 512
8.2 SafeTaxi ................................................................ 514
SafeTaxi Database Cycle Number and Revision ............ 517
8.3 ChartView ............................................................. 520
ChartView Softkeys ................................................... 521
Terminal Procedures Charts ....................................... 522
Chart Options ........................................................... 530
Day/Night View ........................................................ 536
ChartView Cycle Number and Expiration Date ............. 538
8.4 FliteCharts ............................................................ 541
FliteCharts Softkeys .................................................. 542
Terminal Procedures Charts ....................................... 543
Chart Options ........................................................... 550
Day/Night View ........................................................ 554
FliteCharts Cycle Number and Expiration Date ............. 556
8.5 Airport Directory ................................................. 559
Airport Directory Database Cycle Number and Revision 560
8.6 Satellite Telephone and SMS Messaging .......... 562
Registering With Garmin Connext .............................. 562
Telephone Communication ........................................ 563
Text Messaging (SMS) ............................................... 578
8.7 SiriusXM Satellite Radio Entertainment ........... 590
Activating SiriusXM Satellite Radio Services ................ 590
Using SiriusXM Satellite Radio ................................... 592
Garmin G950 Pilot’s Guide for the Twin Commander
190-01602-00 Rev. Bx
TABLE OF CONTENTS
8.8 Bluetooth
®
Management ................................... 595
8.9 Scheduler .............................................................. 597
8.10 Flight Data Logging ............................................ 599
8.11 Auxiliary Video (Optional) .................................. 601
Video Setup .............................................................602
Display Selection ...................................................... 602
Input Selection ......................................................... 603
Zoom/Range ............................................................ 604
8.12 Abnormal Operation ........................................... 605
SVT Troubleshooting ................................................. 605
Reversionary Mode ................................................... 605
Unusual Attitudes ..................................................... 606
APPENDICES
Annunciations and Alerts ............................................. 609
Comparator Annunciations ........................................ 613
Reversionary Sensor Annunciations ............................ 613
G950 System Message Advisories .............................. 617
ADS-B Status Page Messages ..................................... 631
Flight Plan Import/Export Messages ........................... 632
Pilot Profile Import/Export Messages .......................... 632
Terrain-SVS Alerts ..................................................... 633
Terrain-SVS System Status Annunciations .................... 633
TAWS-B ALERTS (Optional) ........................................ 634
TAWS-B System Status Annunciations (Optional) ......... 634
Database Management ................................................ 637
Jeppesen Databases .................................................. 638
Garmin Databases .................................................... 641
Garmin Aviation Glossary ............................................ 649
Frequently Asked Questions ........................................ 657
General TIS Information ............................................... 661
Map Symbols ................................................................. 663
INDEX
190-01602-00 Rev. B
Garmin G950 Pilot’s Guide for the Twin Commander
1
SYSTEM OVERVIEW
SYSTEM
OVERVIEW
FLIGHT
INSTRUMENTS
EIS
AUDIO PANEL
& CNS
FLIGHT
MANAGEMENT
HAZARD
AVOIDANCE
AFCS
ADDITIONAL
FEATURES
APPENDICES INDEX
SECTION 1 SYSTEM OVERVIEW
The G950 Integrated Flight Deck System presents flight instrumentation, position, navigation, communication,
and identification information to the pilot using flat-panel color displays. The system is distributed across the
following Line Replaceable Units (LRUs):
GDU 1040
Primary Flight Display (PFD)
GDU 1240A
Multi Function Display (MFD)
GMA 1347D
Audio Panel with Integrated Marker
Beacon Receiver
GCU 476
MFD/PFD Control Unit
GIA 63W
Integrated Avionics Unit (IAU)
GDL 69/69A/69 SXM/69A SXM
Data Link Receiver
GDC 74A/B
Air Data Computer (ADC)
GEA 71
Engine/Airframe Unit
GTX 33 w/ES
Mode S Transponder
GRS 77
Attitude and Heading Reference System
(AHRS)
GMU 44
Magnetometer
GTP 59
Temperature Probe
Figure 1-1 shows interactions between the LRUs. Additional/optional equipment are also shown in Figure 1-1.
The G950 is capable of interfacing with the following additional/optional equipment:
GWX 70
Weather Radar
GTX 33D w/ES
Mode S Transponder
GTS 825/855
Traffic Advisory System/TCAS 1
GSR 56
Iridium Transceiver
GRA 5500
Radio Altimeter
GRT 10/GRC 10
Remote Control Transceiver/
Remote Control
Flight Stream 210
Wireless Bluetooth
®
Gateway
GDL 88
ADS-B Transceiver
DME-42 DME
ADF-60A ADF
WX-500 Stormscope
S-TEC 2100 Autopilot
• FD200CPU-8
Garmin G950 Pilot’s Guide for the Twin Commander
190-01602-00 Rev. B2
SYSTEM OVERVIEW
SYSTEM
OVERVIEW
FLIGHT
INSTRUMENTS
EIS
AUDIO PANEL
& CNS
FLIGHT
MANAGEMENT
HAZARD
AVOIDANCE
AFCS
ADDITIONAL
FEATURES
APPENDICESINDEX
1.1 LINE REPLACEABLE UNITS
GDU 1040 (2) – The left and right GDUs are configured as Primary Flight Displays (PFDs). Both feature 10.4-
inch LCD screens with 1024 x 768 resolution. The displays communicate with each other through a High-
Speed Data Bus (HSDB) Ethernet connection. Each display is also paired with an Ethernet connection to an
IAU.
GDU 1240A
(1) – The GDU 1240A features a 12-inch LCD with 1024 x 768 resolution. The unit is designated
the MFD. This unit communicates with the PFDs and with the #2 GIA 63W Integrated Avionics Unit through
a High-Speed Data Bus (HSDB) connection.
GMA 1347D Cabin
(2) – The Audio Panel integrates navigation/communication radio (NAV/COM) digital audio,
intercom, and marker beacon controls, and is installed between the displays. This unit also provides manual
control of display reversionary mode (red
DISPLAY BACKUP
Button; see Section 1.5, System Operation) and
communicates with both IAUs using an RS-232 digital interface.
GCU 476 (1) – The Control Unit provides MFD/PFD and radio tuning control through an RS-232 digital
interface.
GIA 63W (2) – The Integrated Avionics Units (IAU) function as the main communication hubs, linking all
LRUs with the on-side display. Each IAU contains a GPS SBAS receiver, VHF COM/NAV/GS receivers, and
system integration microprocessors, and is paired with the on-side display via HSDB connection. The IAUs are
not paired together and do not communicate with each other directly.
190-01602-00 Rev. B
Garmin G950 Pilot’s Guide for the Twin Commander
3
SYSTEM OVERVIEW
SYSTEM
OVERVIEW
FLIGHT
INSTRUMENTS
EIS
AUDIO PANEL
& CNS
FLIGHT
MANAGEMENT
HAZARD
AVOIDANCE
AFCS
ADDITIONAL
FEATURES
APPENDICES INDEX
GA 36
(1) and
GA 37
(1) – The GA 36 is a through-mount GPS/SBAS antenna. The GA 37 is a through-mount
GPS/SBAS antenna with XM/Data Link.
GA 36 GA 37
GDC 74A/B (2)
– The Air Data Computer (ADC) processes data from the pitot/static system and outside air
temperature (OAT) sensor. The ADC provides pressure altitude, airspeed, vertical speed, and OAT information
to the system. It communicates with the primary IAU, displays, and AHRS using an ARINC 429 digital interface.
GEA 71
(2) – The Engine Airframe Units receive and process signals from the engine and airframe sensors.
These units communicates with both IAUs using an RS-485 digital interface.
GTX 33
(1) and
GTX
33D
(1 optional) – Solid-state transponders that provide Modes A, C, S and ADS-B
capability. Both transponders can be controlled from either PFD, and only one transponder can be active at a
time. Each transponder communicates with the on-side GIA 63W through an RS-232 digital interface.
GRS 77 (2)
– The Attitude and Heading Reference System (AHRS) provides aircraft attitude and heading
information via ARINC 429 to both PFDs and the primary IAU. The AHRS contains advanced sensors (including
accelerometers and rate sensors) and interfaces with the Magnetometer to obtain magnetic field information,
with the ADC to obtain air data, and with both IAUs to obtain GPS information. AHRS operation is discussed
in Section 1.4, System Operation.
Garmin G950 Pilot’s Guide for the Twin Commander
190-01602-00 Rev. B4
SYSTEM OVERVIEW
SYSTEM
OVERVIEW
FLIGHT
INSTRUMENTS
EIS
AUDIO PANEL
& CNS
FLIGHT
MANAGEMENT
HAZARD
AVOIDANCE
AFCS
ADDITIONAL
FEATURES
APPENDICESINDEX
GMU 44 (2)
– The Magnetometer measures local magnetic field and sends data to the AHRS for processing to
determine aircraft magnetic heading. This unit receives power directly from the AHRS and communicates with
it via an RS-485 digital interface.
GDL 69/69A/69 SXM/69A SXM
(1) – The Data Link Satellite Radio Receiver provides real-time weather
information to the G950 MFD and PFD Inset Map, as well as digital audio entertainment. The Data Link
Receiver communicates with PFD2 via an HSDB connection. A subscription to XM Satellite Radio Service is
required to enable the GDL 69A capability.
GWX 70
(1 optional) – Provides airborne real-time precipitation information and ground mapped radar to the
MFD via HSDB connection.
GRA 5500
(1 optional) – The Radar Altimeter provides Above Ground Level (AGL) altitude information and
Rate of Change of AGL altitude information via ARINC 429 connection.
GTS 825/855
(1 optional) – The GTS 825 Traffic Advisory System (TAS) and GTS 855 TCAS I use active
interrogations of Mode S and Mode C transponders to provide Traffic Advisories to the pilot on the MFD and to
the PFD inset maps independent of the air traffic control system. The GTS communicates with PFD1 with an
HSDB connection.
190-01602-00 Rev. B
Garmin G950 Pilot’s Guide for the Twin Commander
5
SYSTEM OVERVIEW
SYSTEM
OVERVIEW
FLIGHT
INSTRUMENTS
EIS
AUDIO PANEL
& CNS
FLIGHT
MANAGEMENT
HAZARD
AVOIDANCE
AFCS
ADDITIONAL
FEATURES
APPENDICES INDEX
GSR 56
(1 optional) – The Iridium Transceiver provides voice communication by means of pilot and copilot
headsets. The unit can also send and receive data over the Iridium satellite network. The GSR 56 is connected
to the #1 GIA 63W (or to the optional GDL 59) with an RS-232 digital interface.
GA 58 (2 optional)
– The GA 58 is a directional antenna for the Traffic Avoidance System.
GRT 10/GRC 10
(1 optional) – The GRT 10 is a transceiver that provides wireless functionality to the GDL
69A for use of the GRC 10 Remote Control. The GRC 10 is the wireless hand-held unit that provides remote
control of the XM Radio functions.
GRT 10 GRC 10
GTP 59
(2) – Provides Outside Air Temperature (OAT) data to the on-side GDC 74A/B.
GDL 88/88D
(1 optional) – Provides ADS-B Traffic in and FIS-B Weather.
Flight Stream 210
(1 optional) – Provides wireless Bluetooth connectivity between a compatible tablet/mobile
device and the avionics system.
Garmin G950 Pilot’s Guide for the Twin Commander
190-01602-00 Rev. B6
SYSTEM OVERVIEW
SYSTEM
OVERVIEW
FLIGHT
INSTRUMENTS
EIS
AUDIO PANEL
& CNS
FLIGHT
MANAGEMENT
HAZARD
AVOIDANCE
AFCS
ADDITIONAL
FEATURES
APPENDICESINDEX
#2
GMA 1347D
(Audio Panel)
#1
GDU 1040
(PFD1)
GDL 69/A/SXM
(XM Weather/
Audio Datalink)
Flight Stream
210
(Bluetooth
Transceiver)
#1
GMA 1347D
(Audio Panel)
DME-42
(DME)
#1 GIA 63W
(Integrated
Avionics
Unit)
VHF COM
GPS/SBAS
VOR/LOC
G/S
Flight
Director
AFCS Mode
Logic
Servo Logic
#2 GIA 63W
(Integrated
Avionics
Unit)
VHF COM
GPS/SBAS
VOR/LOC
G/S
Flight
Director
AFCS Mode
Logic
Servo Logic
#2
GDU 1040
(PFD2)
Non-Garmin Equipment
ADF-60A
(ADF)
AUX
VIDEO
WX-500
(Lightning
Detection)
FD200CPU-8
(Entertainment)
AK-451
(ELT)
GSR 56
(Iridium)
#1 GTX 33 w/ES
(Transponder)
#2 GTX 33D w/ES
(Transponder)
#3
GDU 1240A
(MFD)
#1 GEA 71 (Engine
& Airframe I/F)
#1 GDC 74A or 74B
(Air Data
Computer)
#2 GDC 74A or 74B
(Air Data
Computer)
#1 GRS 77
(Attitude &
Heading)
#2 GRS 77
(Attitude &
Heading)
Optional
Garmin Equipment
Optional
Non-Garmin Equipment
#1 GMU 44
(Magnetometer)
#2 GMU 44
(Magnetometer)
#2 GEA 71 (Engine
& Airframe I/F)
GTS 825/855
(TAS, TCAS I)
Garmin Equipment
GCU 476
(Display
Controller)
GWX 70
(Weather
Radar)
GDL 88/88D
(ADS-B
Transceiver)
STEC 2100
(Autopilot)
GRA 5500
(Radio
Altimeter)
GRT 10/GRC 10
(XM Remote
Control)
Figure 1-1 System Block Diagram
NOTE: For information on non-Garmin equipment shown in Figure 1-1, consult the applicable interface
user’s guide. This document assumes that the reader is already familiar with the operation of this additional
equipment.
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