Garmin G950 Reference guide

Garmin International, Inc.

1200 East 151st Street

Olathe, KS 66062, U.S.A.

p:913.397.8200

f:913.397.8282

Garmin AT, Inc.

2345 Turner Road SE

Salem, OR 97302, U.S.A.

p:503.391.3411

f:503.364.2138

Garmin (Europe) Ltd.

Liberty House, Hounsdown Business Park

Southampton, Hampshire SO40 9LR U.K.

p:44 (0) 23 8052 4000

f:44 (0) 23 8052 4004

Aviation Support:44 (0) 87 0850 1243

Garmin Corporation

No. 68, Jangshu 2nd Road

Shijr, Taipei County, Taiwan

p:886/02.2642.9199

f:886/02.2642.9099

www.garmin.com

Twin Commander

G950

®

Integrated Avionics System

Pilot’s Guide

G950

®

Pilot’s Guide

Twin Commander

190-01602-00

Revision B

SYSTEM OVERVIEW

FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS

ENGINE INDICATION SYSTEM

AUDIO PANEL & CNS

FLIGHT MANAGEMENT

HAZARD AVOIDANCE

AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM

ADDITIONAL FEATURES

APPENDICES

INDEX

Garmin G950 Pilot’s Guide for the Twin Commander

190-01602-00 Rev. B

This manual reﬂects the operation of System Software version 2037.06 or later. Some differences in operation may be observed when

comparing the information in this manual to earlier or later software versions.

Garmin International, Inc., 1200 East 151st Street, Olathe, Kansas 66062, U.S.A.

Tel: 913/397.8200 Fax: 913/397.8282

Garmin AT, Inc., 2345 Turner Road SE, Salem, OR 97302, U.S.A.

Tel: 503/391.3411 Fax: 503/364.2138

Garmin (Europe) Ltd., Liberty House, Hounsdown Business Park, Southampton, SO40 9LR, U.K

Tel: 44 (0) 23 8052 4000 Fax: 44 (0) 23 8052 4004 Aviation Support:44 (0) 87 0850 1243

Garmin Corporation, No. 68, Jangshu 2nd Road, Shijr, Taipei County, Taiwan

Tel: 886/02.2642.9199 Fax: 886/02.2642.9099

For after-hours emergency, aircraft on ground (AOG) technical support for Garmin panel mount and integrated avionics systems, please

contact Garmin’s AOG Hotline at 913.397.0836.

Website Address: www.garmin.com

Except as expressly provided herein, no part of this manual may be reproduced, copied, transmitted, disseminated, downloaded or stored

in any storage medium, for any purpose without the express written permission of Garmin. Garmin hereby grants permission to download

a single copy of this manual and of any revision to this manual onto a hard drive or other electronic storage medium to be viewed for

personal use, provided that such electronic or printed copy of this manual or revision must contain the complete text of this copyright notice

and provided further that any unauthorized commercial distribution of this manual or any revision hereto is strictly prohibited.

Garmin

®

is a registered trademark of Garmin Ltd. or its subsidiaries, and G950

®

, FliteCharts

®

, connext

™

, and SafeTaxi

®

are trademarks of

Garmin Ltd. or its subsidiaries. These trademarks may not be used without the express permission of Garmin.

NavData

®

is a registered trademark of Jeppesen, Inc.; S-TEC

®

is a registered trademark of S-TEC; SiriusXM Weather and SiriusXM Satellite

Radio are provided by SiriusXM Satellite Radio, Inc. AC-U-KWIK

®

is a registered trademark of Penton Business Media Inc.

The Bluetooth

®

word mark and logos are owned by the Bluetooth SIG, Inc. and any use of such marks by Garmin is under license.

AOPA Membership Publications, Inc. and its related organizations (hereinafter collectively “AOPA”) expressly disclaim all warranties,

with respect to the AOPA information included in this data, express or implied, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties

of merchantability and ﬁtness for a particular purpose. The information is provided “as is” and AOPA does not warrant or make any

representations regarding its accuracy, reliability, or otherwise. Under no circumstances including negligence, shall AOPA be liable for any

incidental, special or consequential damages that result from the use or inability to use the software or related documentation, even if

AOPA or an AOPA authorized representative has been advised of the possibility of such damages. User agrees not to sue AOPA and, to

the maximum extent allowed by law, to release and hold harmless AOPA from any causes of action, claims or losses related to any actual

or alleged inaccuracies in the information. Some jurisdictions do not allow the limitation or exclusion of implied warranties or liability for

incidental or consequential damages so the above limitations or exclusions may not apply to you.

July 2015 Printed in the U.S.A

190-01602-00 Rev. B

Garmin G950 Pilot’s Guide for the Twin Commander

i

LIMITED WARRANTY

AC-U-KWIK and its related organizations (hereafter collectively “AC-U-KWIK Organizations”) expressly disclaim all warranties with

respect to the AC-U-KWIK information included in this data, express or implied, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of

merchantability and ﬁtness for a particular purpose. The information is provided “as is” and AC-U-KWIK Organizations do not warrant or

make any representations regarding its accuracy, reliability, or otherwise. Licensee agrees not to sue AC-U-KWIK Organizations and, to the

maximum extent allowed by law, to release and hold harmless AC-U-KWIK Organizations from any cause of action, claims or losses related

to any actual or alleged inaccuracies in the information arising out of Garmin’s use of the information in the datasets. Some jurisdictions

do not allow the limitation or exclusion of implied warranties or liability for incidental or consequential damages so the above limitations

or exclusions may not apply to licensee.

Garmin G950 Pilot’s Guide for the Twin Commander

190-01602-00 Rev. Bii

WARNINGS, CAUTIONS, AND NOTES

WARNING: Navigation and terrain separation must NOT be predicated upon the use of the terrain avoidance

feature. The terrain avoidance feature is NOT intended to be used as a primary reference for terrain avoidance

and does not relieve the pilot from the responsibility of being aware of surroundings during ﬂight. The

terrain avoidance feature is only to be used as an aid for terrain avoidance. Terrain data is obtained from

third party sources. Garmin is not able to independently verify the accuracy of the terrain data.

WARNING: The displayed minimum safe altitudes (MSAs) are only advisory in nature and should not be

relied upon as the sole source of obstacle and terrain avoidance information. Always refer to current

aeronautical charts for appropriate minimum clearance altitudes.

WARNING: The altitude calculated by G950 GPS receivers is geometric height above Mean Sea Level and

could vary signiﬁcantly from the altitude displayed by pressure altimeters, such as the GDC 74A Air Data

Computer, or other altimeters in aircraft. GPS altitude should never be used for vertical navigation. Always

use pressure altitude displayed by the G950 PFD or other pressure altimeters in aircraft.

WARNING: Do not use outdated database information. Databases used in the G950 system must be updated

regularly in order to ensure that the information remains current. Pilots using any outdated database do so

entirely at their own risk.

WARNING: Do not use basemap (land and water data) information for primary navigation. Basemap data is

intended only to supplement other approved navigation data sources and should be considered as an aid to

enhance situational awareness.

WARNING: Do not rely solely upon the display of trafﬁc information for collision avoidance maneuvering.

The trafﬁc display does not provide collision avoidance resolution advisories and does not under any

circumstances or conditions relieve the pilot’s responsibility to see and avoid other aircraft.

WARNING: Do not rely solely upon the display of trafﬁc information to accurately depict all of the trafﬁc

within range of the aircraft. Due to lack of equipment, poor signal reception, and/or inaccurate information

from aircraft or ground stations, trafﬁc may be present that is not represented on the display.

WARNING: Do not rely on information from a lightning detection system display as the sole basis for hazardous

weather avoidance. Range limitations and interference may cause the system to display inaccurate or

incomplete information. Refer to documentation from the lightning detection system manufacturer for

detailed information about the system.

WARNING: Do not use data link weather information for maneuvering in, near, or around areas of hazardous

weather. Information contained within data link weather products may not accurately depict current

weather conditions.

WARNING: Do not use the indicated data link weather product age to determine the age of the weather

information shown by the data link weather product. Due to time delays inherent in gathering and processing

weather data for data link transmission, the weather information shown by the data link weather product

may be signiﬁcantly older than the indicated weather product age.

190-01602-00 Rev. B

Garmin G950 Pilot’s Guide for the Twin Commander

iii

WARNINGS, CAUTIONS, AND NOTES

WARNING:

For safety reasons, G950 operational procedures must be learned on the ground.

WARNING:

The Garmin G950, as installed in this aircraft, has a very high degree of functional integrity.

However, the pilot must recognize that providing monitoring and/or self-test capability for all conceivable

system failures is not practical. Although unlikely, it may be possible for erroneous operation to occur

without a fault indication shown by the G950. It is thus the responsibility of the pilot to detect such an

occurrence by means of cross-checking with all redundant or correlated information available in the cockpit.

WARNING:

The United States government operates the Global Positioning System and is solely responsible

for its accuracy and maintenance. The GPS system is subject to changes which could affect the accuracy

and performance of all GPS equipment. Portions of the Garmin G950 utilize GPS as a precision electronic

NAVigation AID (NAVAID). Therefore, as with all NAVAIDs, information presented by the G950 can be

misused or misinterpreted and, therefore, become unsafe.

WARNING:

To reduce the risk of unsafe operation, carefully review and understand all aspects of the G950

Pilot’s Guide documentation and the G950 Integrated Avionics System in the Airplane Flight Manual.

Thoroughly practice basic operation prior to actual use. During ﬂight operations, carefully compare indications

from the G950 to all available navigation sources, including the information from other NAVAIDs, visual

sightings, charts, etc. For safety purposes, always resolve any discrepancies before continuing navigation.

WARNING

: The illustrations in this guide are only examples. Never use the G950 to attempt to penetrate

a thunderstorm. Both the FAA Advisory Circular, Subject: Thunderstorms, and the Aeronautical Information

Manual (AIM) recommend avoiding “by at least 20 miles any thunderstorm identiﬁed as severe or giving an

intense radar echo.”

WARNING

:

Lamp(s) inside this product may contain mercury (HG) and must be recycled or disposed of

according to local, state, or federal laws. For more information, refer to our website at www.garmin.com/

aboutGarmin/environment/disposal.jsp.

WARNING

:

Because of variation in the earth’s magnetic ﬁeld, operating the G950 within the following areas

could result in loss of reliable attitude and heading indications. North of 72° North latitude at all longitudes;

South of 70° South latitude at all longitudes; North of 65° North latitude between longitude 75° W and

120° W. (Northern Canada); North of 70° North latitude between longitude 70° W and 128° W. (Northern

Canada); North of 70° North latitude between longitude 85° E and 114° E. (Northern Russia); South of 55°

South latitude between longitude 120° E and 165° E. (Region south of Australia and New Zealand)

WARNING

:

Do not use GPS to navigate to any active waypoint identiﬁed as a ‘NON WGS84 WPT’ by a

system message. ‘NON WGS84 WPT’ waypoints are derived from an unknown map reference datum that

may be incompatible with the map reference datum used by GPS (known as WGS84) and may be positioned

in error as displayed.

Garmin G950 Pilot’s Guide for the Twin Commander

190-01602-00 Rev. Biv

WARNINGS, CAUTIONS, AND NOTES

CAUTION: The PFD and MFD displays use a lens coated with a special anti-reﬂective coating that is very

sensitive to skin oils, waxes, and abrasive cleaners. CLEANERS CONTAINING AMMONIA WILL HARM THE

ANTI-REFLECTIVE COATING. It is very important to clean the lens using a clean, lint-free cloth and an

eyeglass lens cleaner that is speciﬁed as safe for anti-reﬂective coatings.

CAUTION:

The Garmin G950 does not contain any user-serviceable parts. Repairs should only be made by

an authorized Garmin service center. Unauthorized repairs or modiﬁcations could void both the warranty

and the pilot’s authority to operate this device under FAA/FCC regulations.

NOTE: When using Stormscope, there are several atmospheric phenomena in addition to nearby

thunderstorms that can cause isolated discharge points in the strike display mode. However, clusters of

two or more discharge points in the strike display mode do indicate thunderstorm activity if these points

reappear after the screen has been cleared.

NOTE: Do not rely solely upon data link services to provide Temporary Flight Restriction (TFR) information.

Always conﬁrm TFR information through ofﬁcial sources such as Flight Service Stations or Air Trafﬁc Control.

NOTE: All visual depictions contained within this document, including screen images of the G950 panel and

displays, are subject to change and may not reﬂect the most current G950 system and aviation databases.

Depictions of equipment may differ slightly from the actual equipment.

NOTE

: This device complies with part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two

conditions: (1) this device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any

interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.

NOTE

: Interference from GPS repeaters operating inside nearby hangars can cause an intermittent loss of

attitude and heading displays while the aircraft is on the ground. Moving the aircraft more than 100 yards

away from the source of the interference should alleviate the condition.

NOTE

: Use of polarized eyewear may cause the ﬂight displays to appear dim or blank.

NOTE

: This product, its packaging, and its components contain chemicals known to the State of California

to cause cancer, birth defects, or reproductive harm. This notice is being provided in accordance with

California’s Proposition 65. If you have any questions or would like additional information, please refer to

our web site at www.garmin.com/prop65.

190-01602-00 Rev. B

Garmin G950 Pilot’s Guide for the Twin Commander

v

REVISION INFORMATION

NOTE

: The FAA has asked Garmin to remind pilots who ﬂy with Garmin database-dependent avionics of the

following:

• It is the pilot’s responsibility to remain familiar with all FAA regulatory and advisory guidance and information

related to the use of databases in the National Airspace System.

• Garmin equipment will only recognize and use databases that are obtained from Garmin or Jeppesen. Databases

obtained from Garmin or Jeppesen are assured compliance with all data quality requirements (DQRs) by virtue

of a Type 2 Letter of Authorization (LOA) from the FAA. A copy of the Type 2 LOA is available for each database

and can be viewed at http://ﬂy.garmin.com by selecting ‘Type 2 LOA Status.’

• Use of a current Garmin or Jeppesen database in your Garmin equipment is required for compliance with

established FAA regulatory guidance, but does not constitute authorization to ﬂy any and all terminal procedures

that may be presented by the system. It is the pilot’s responsibility to operate in accordance with established

AFM(S) and regulatory guidance or limitations as applicable to the pilot, the aircraft, and installed equipment.

NOTE

: The pilot/operator must review and be familiar with Garmin’s database exclusion list as discussed

in SAIB CE-14-04 to determine what data may be incomplete. The database exclusion list can be viewed at

www.ﬂygarmin.com by selecting ‘Database Exclusions List.’

NOTE

: The pilot/operator must have access to Garmin and Jeppesen database alerts and consider their

impact on the intended aircraft operation. The database alerts can be viewed at www.ﬂygarmin.com by

selecting ‘Aviation Database Alerts.’

NOTE

: If the pilot/operator wants or needs to adjust the database, contact Garmin Product Support to

coordinate the revised DQRs.

NOTE: Garmin requests the ﬂight crew report any observed discrepancies related to database information.

These discrepancies could come in the form of an incorrect procedure; incorrectly identiﬁed terrain, obstacles

and ﬁxes; or any other displayed item used for navigation or communication in the air or on the ground. Go

to FlyGarmin.com and select ‘Report An Aviation Data Error Report.’

Garmin G950 Pilot’s Guide for the Twin Commander

190-01602-00 Rev. Bvi

REVISION INFORMATION

Record of Revisions

Part Number Revision Date Page Range Description

190-01602-00 A 4/29/14 i – I-6 Initial release for 13.06 software.

190-01602-00 B 7/15/15 i – I-6 Updated for GDU 15.01 software

Added GDL 88

Added Flight Stream 210

Updated for GDL 69 SXM

190-01602-00 Rev. B

Garmin G950 Pilot’s Guide for the Twin Commander

vii

TABLE OF CONTENTS

SECTION 1 SYSTEM OVERVIEW

1.1 Line Replaceable Units ........................................... 2

1.2 Secure Digital (SD) Cards .......................................7

1.3 System Power-up ..................................................... 8

1.4 System Operation .................................................... 9

Display Operation ......................................................... 9

G950 System Annunciations ........................................ 10

System Status ............................................................. 11

AHRS Operation ......................................................... 13

GPS Receiver Operation .............................................. 14

1.5 G950 Controls ........................................................ 19

PFD Controls .............................................................. 19

MFD Controls ............................................................. 21

MFD/PFD Control Unit ................................................. 22

Softkey Function ......................................................... 24

1.6 Accessing G950 Functionality .............................. 32

Menus ....................................................................... 32

Data Entry.................................................................. 33

Page Groups .............................................................. 34

System Settings .......................................................... 38

System Utilities ........................................................... 47

1.7 Display Backlighting ............................................. 51

SECTION 2 FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS

2.1 Flight Instruments ................................................. 56

Airspeed Indicator ...................................................... 56

Attitude Indicator ....................................................... 58

Altimeter ................................................................... 59

Vertical Speed Indicator (VSI) ....................................... 63

Vertical Deviation ....................................................... 63

Horizontal Situation Indicator (HSI) .............................. 64

Course Deviation Indicator (CDI) .................................. 69

2.2 Supplemental Flight Data .................................... 77

Temperature Displays .................................................. 77

Wind Data ................................................................. 78

Vertical Navigation (VNV) Indications ........................... 79

2.3 PFD Annunciations and Alerting Functions ........ 80

System Annunciations ................................................. 80

Marker Beacon Annunciations...................................... 81

Trafﬁc Annunciation .................................................... 82

Altitude Alerting ......................................................... 82

Low Altitude Annunciation .......................................... 83

Minimum Descent Altitude/Decision Height Alerting ...... 83

Radar Altimeter .......................................................... 84

2.4 Abnormal Operations ........................................... 87

Abnormal GPS Conditions ........................................... 87

Heading Failure Modes................................................ 88

Unusual Attitudes ....................................................... 89

SECTION 3 ENGINE INDICATION SYSTEM (EIS)

3.1 Engine Display ....................................................... 92

3.2 Engine Page............................................................ 94

Torque % Gauge ......................................................... 96

Horsepower Gauge ..................................................... 96

Exhaust Gas Temperature ............................................ 97

Interstage turbine temperature .................................... 97

Turbine Speed Gauge .................................................. 98

Fuel Flow ................................................................... 98

Electrical .................................................................... 98

Hydraulics .................................................................. 99

Oil Pressure and Temperature Gauges ........................... 99

Anti-Ice Group ............................................................ 99

Fuel Quantity and Pressure ........................................ 100

Fuel Consumed......................................................... 100

Flap Indications ........................................................ 100

Trim Indications ........................................................ 101

Landing Gear Indications ........................................... 101

EIS Display (Reversionary Mode) ................................ 102

SECTION 4 AUDIO PANEL AND CNS

4.1 Overview .............................................................. 103

PFD Controls and Frequency Display ........................... 104

GMA 1347D Audio Panel Controls .............................. 106

MFD/PFD Control Unit ............................................... 108

4.2 COM Operation .................................................... 110

COM Transceiver Selection and Activation ................... 110

COM Transceiver Manual Tuning ................................ 111

Quick-tuning and Activating 121.500 MHz .................. 112

Auto-tuning the COM Frequency ................................ 113

Auto-tuning from the MFD ........................................ 114

Frequency Spacing .................................................... 117

Automatic Squelch .................................................... 118

Volume .................................................................... 118

4.3 NAV Operation ..................................................... 119

NAV Radio Selection and Activation ........................... 119

Garmin G950 Pilot’s Guide for the Twin Commander

190-01602-00 Rev. Bviii

TABLE OF CONTENTS

NAV Receiver Manual Tuning ..................................... 120

Auto-tuning a NAV Frequency from the MFD ............... 122

Auto-tuning NAV Frequencies on Approach Activation . 125

Marker Beacon Receiver ............................................ 125

4.4 GTX 33 W/ES Mode S Transponder .................... 127

Transponder Controls ................................................ 128

Transponder Mode Selection ...................................... 129

Entering a Transponder Code ..................................... 131

IDENT Function ........................................................ 132

Flight ID Reporting.................................................... 133

4.5 Additional Audio Panel Functions ..................... 134

Power-Up ................................................................. 134

Mono/Stereo Headsets .............................................. 134

Speaker ................................................................... 134

Intercom .................................................................. 135

Passenger Address (PA) System .................................. 136

Clearance Recorder and Player ................................... 136

Entertainment Inputs ................................................ 137

4.6 Audio Panel Preﬂight Procedure ....................... 138

4.7 Abnormal Operation ........................................... 140

Stuck Microphone ..................................................... 140

COM Tuning Failure ................................................... 140

Audio Panel Fail-safe Operation ................................. 140

PFD Failure (Reversionary Mode) ............................... 140

SECTION 5 FLIGHT MANAGEMENT

5.1 Introduction ......................................................... 141

Navigation Status Box ............................................... 142

5.2 Using Map Displays ............................................. 144

Map Orientation ....................................................... 144

Map Range .............................................................. 146

Map Panning ............................................................ 148

Measuring Bearing and Distance ................................ 153

Topography .............................................................. 154

Map Symbols ........................................................... 157

Airways ................................................................... 163

Track Vector ............................................................. 165

Wind Vector ............................................................. 166

Nav Range Ring........................................................ 167

Fuel Range Ring ....................................................... 168

Field of View (SVT) .................................................... 169

Selected Altitude Intercept Arc ................................... 170

5.3 Waypoints ............................................................. 171

Airports ................................................................... 172

Intersections ............................................................ 179

NDBs ....................................................................... 181

VORs ....................................................................... 183

User Waypoints ........................................................ 185

5.4 Airspaces .............................................................. 191

5.5 Direct-to-Navigation .......................................... 196

5.6 Flight Planning ..................................................... 202

Flight Plan Creation .................................................. 203

Adding Waypoints to an Existing Flight Plan ................ 210

Adding Airways to a Flight Plan ................................. 213

Adding Procedures to a Stored Flight Plan .................. 216

Flight Plan Storage ................................................... 223

Flight Plan Editing .................................................... 225

Along Track Offsets ................................................... 229

Parallel Track ............................................................ 230

Activating a Flight Plan Leg ....................................... 233

Inverting a Flight Plan ............................................... 234

Flight Plan Views ...................................................... 235

Closest Point of FPL .................................................. 237

User-Deﬁned Holding Patterns ................................... 237

5.7 Vertical Navigation ............................................. 242

Altitude Constraints .................................................. 244

5.8 Procedures ...........................................................248

Departures ............................................................... 249

Arrivals ................................................................... 252

Approaches ............................................................. 255

5.9 Trip Planning ........................................................ 263

Trip Planning ............................................................ 263

Weight Planning ....................................................... 267

Weight Caution And Warning Conditions .................... 269

5.10 RAIM Prediction................................................... 270

5.11 Navigating a Flight Plan ..................................... 274

5.12 Abnormal Operation ........................................... 302

SECTION 6 HAZARD AVOIDANCE

6.1 SiriusXM Weather ................................................ 306

Activating Services .................................................... 306

Using SiriusXM Weather Products .............................. 308

SiriusXM Weather Abnormal Operations ..................... 342

190-01602-00 Rev. B

Garmin G950 Pilot’s Guide for the Twin Commander

ix

TABLE OF CONTENTS

6.2 Garmin Connext Weather ................................... 344

Registering the Iridium Satellite System ...................... 344

Registering Garmin Connext Weather ......................... 345

Accessing Garmin Connext Weather Products .............. 346

Connext Data Requests ............................................. 354

Garmin Connext Weather Products ............................. 358

Abnormal Operations ................................................ 373

6.3 FIS-B Weather ...................................................... 375

Using FIS-B Weather Products .................................... 375

FIS-B Weather Status................................................. 397

6.4 Airborne Color Weather Radar .......................... 399

System Description ................................................... 399

Principles of Pulsed Airborne Weather Radar ............... 399

Safe Operating Distance ............................................ 403

Basic Antenna Tilt Setup ............................................ 404

Weather Mapping and Interpretation ......................... 405

Ground Mapping and Interpretation ........................... 415

Weather Radar Overlay on the Navigation Map Page ... 416

System Status ........................................................... 417

6.5 Stormscope Lightning ......................................... 419

Setting Up Stormscope on the Navigation Map ........... 419

6.6 Terrain Proximity ................................................. 424

Displaying Terrain Proximity Data ............................... 424

6.7 Proﬁle View Terrain ............................................. 429

Proﬁle View Display .................................................. 430

6.8 Terrain-SVS ........................................................... 433

Displaying Terrain-SVS Data ....................................... 434

Terrain-SVS Page ...................................................... 436

6.9 TAWS-B ................................................................. 442

Displaying TAWS-B Data ............................................ 443

TAWS-B Page ........................................................... 446

TAWS-B Alerts .......................................................... 448

System Status ........................................................... 454

6.10 Trafﬁc Information Service (TIS) ........................ 456

Displaying TRAFFIC Data ........................................... 457

Trafﬁc Map Page ....................................................... 459

TIS Alerts ................................................................. 460

System Status ........................................................... 462

6.11 Garmin TAS/TCAS I Trafﬁc ................................... 464

Theory of Operation .................................................. 464

Trafﬁc Alerts ............................................................. 467

System Test .............................................................. 468

Operation ................................................................ 470

6.12 ADS-B tRAFFIC ..................................................... 478

ADS-B System Overview ............................................ 478

ADS-B with TAS/TCAS I .............................................. 480

Conﬂict Situational Awareness & Alerting ................... 480

Airborne and Surface Applications .............................. 483

Trafﬁc Description ..................................................... 484

Operation ................................................................ 484

System Status ........................................................... 493

SECTION 7 AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM

S-TEC IntelliFlight 2100 ................................................ 497

Altitude Preselect ..................................................... 497

SECTION 8 ADDITIONAL FEATURES

8.1 Synthetic Vision Technology (SVT) ..................... 500

SVT Operation .......................................................... 501

SVT Features ............................................................ 503

Field of View ............................................................ 512

8.2 SafeTaxi ................................................................ 514

SafeTaxi Database Cycle Number and Revision ............ 517

8.3 ChartView ............................................................. 520

ChartView Softkeys ................................................... 521

Terminal Procedures Charts ....................................... 522

Chart Options ........................................................... 530

Day/Night View ........................................................ 536

ChartView Cycle Number and Expiration Date ............. 538

8.4 FliteCharts ............................................................ 541

FliteCharts Softkeys .................................................. 542

Terminal Procedures Charts ....................................... 543

Chart Options ........................................................... 550

Day/Night View ........................................................ 554

FliteCharts Cycle Number and Expiration Date ............. 556

8.5 Airport Directory ................................................. 559

Airport Directory Database Cycle Number and Revision 560

8.6 Satellite Telephone and SMS Messaging .......... 562

Registering With Garmin Connext .............................. 562

Telephone Communication ........................................ 563

Text Messaging (SMS) ............................................... 578

8.7 SiriusXM Satellite Radio Entertainment ........... 590

Activating SiriusXM Satellite Radio Services ................ 590

Using SiriusXM Satellite Radio ................................... 592

Garmin G950 Pilot’s Guide for the Twin Commander

190-01602-00 Rev. Bx

TABLE OF CONTENTS

8.8 Bluetooth

®

Management ................................... 595

8.9 Scheduler .............................................................. 597

8.10 Flight Data Logging ............................................ 599

8.11 Auxiliary Video (Optional) .................................. 601

Video Setup .............................................................602

Display Selection ...................................................... 602

Input Selection ......................................................... 603

Zoom/Range ............................................................ 604

8.12 Abnormal Operation ........................................... 605

SVT Troubleshooting ................................................. 605

Reversionary Mode ................................................... 605

Unusual Attitudes ..................................................... 606

APPENDICES

Annunciations and Alerts ............................................. 609

Comparator Annunciations ........................................ 613

Reversionary Sensor Annunciations ............................ 613

G950 System Message Advisories .............................. 617

ADS-B Status Page Messages ..................................... 631

Flight Plan Import/Export Messages ........................... 632

Pilot Proﬁle Import/Export Messages .......................... 632

Terrain-SVS Alerts ..................................................... 633

Terrain-SVS System Status Annunciations .................... 633

TAWS-B ALERTS (Optional) ........................................ 634

TAWS-B System Status Annunciations (Optional) ......... 634

Database Management ................................................ 637

Jeppesen Databases .................................................. 638

Garmin Databases .................................................... 641

Garmin Aviation Glossary ............................................ 649

Frequently Asked Questions ........................................ 657

General TIS Information ............................................... 661

Map Symbols ................................................................. 663

INDEX

190-01602-00 Rev. B

Garmin G950 Pilot’s Guide for the Twin Commander

1

SYSTEM OVERVIEW

SYSTEM

OVERVIEW

FLIGHT

INSTRUMENTS

EIS

AUDIO PANEL

& CNS

FLIGHT

MANAGEMENT

HAZARD

AVOIDANCE

AFCS

ADDITIONAL

FEATURES

APPENDICES INDEX

SECTION 1 SYSTEM OVERVIEW

The G950 Integrated Flight Deck System presents ﬂight instrumentation, position, navigation, communication,

and identiﬁcation information to the pilot using ﬂat-panel color displays. The system is distributed across the

following Line Replaceable Units (LRUs):

•

GDU 1040

Primary Flight Display (PFD)

•

GDU 1240A

Multi Function Display (MFD)

•

GMA 1347D

Audio Panel with Integrated Marker

Beacon Receiver

•

GCU 476

MFD/PFD Control Unit

•

GIA 63W

Integrated Avionics Unit (IAU)

•

GDL 69/69A/69 SXM/69A SXM

Data Link Receiver

•

GDC 74A/B

Air Data Computer (ADC)

•

GEA 71

Engine/Airframe Unit

•

GTX 33 w/ES

Mode S Transponder

•

GRS 77

Attitude and Heading Reference System

(AHRS)

•

GMU 44

Magnetometer

•

GTP 59

Temperature Probe

Figure 1-1 shows interactions between the LRUs. Additional/optional equipment are also shown in Figure 1-1.

The G950 is capable of interfacing with the following additional/optional equipment:

•

GWX 70

Weather Radar

•

GTX 33D w/ES

Mode S Transponder

•

GTS 825/855

Trafﬁc Advisory System/TCAS 1

•

GSR 56

Iridium Transceiver

•

GRA 5500

Radio Altimeter

•

GRT 10/GRC 10

Remote Control Transceiver/

Remote Control

•

Flight Stream 210

Wireless Bluetooth

®

Gateway

•

GDL 88

ADS-B Transceiver

• DME-42 DME

• ADF-60A ADF

• WX-500 Stormscope

• S-TEC 2100 Autopilot

• FD200CPU-8

Garmin G950 Pilot’s Guide for the Twin Commander

190-01602-00 Rev. B2

SYSTEM OVERVIEW

SYSTEM

OVERVIEW

FLIGHT

INSTRUMENTS

EIS

AUDIO PANEL

& CNS

FLIGHT

MANAGEMENT

HAZARD

AVOIDANCE

AFCS

ADDITIONAL

FEATURES

APPENDICESINDEX

1.1 LINE REPLACEABLE UNITS

• GDU 1040 (2) – The left and right GDUs are conﬁgured as Primary Flight Displays (PFDs). Both feature 10.4-

inch LCD screens with 1024 x 768 resolution. The displays communicate with each other through a High-

Speed Data Bus (HSDB) Ethernet connection. Each display is also paired with an Ethernet connection to an

IAU.

•

GDU 1240A

(1) – The GDU 1240A features a 12-inch LCD with 1024 x 768 resolution. The unit is designated

the MFD. This unit communicates with the PFDs and with the #2 GIA 63W Integrated Avionics Unit through

a High-Speed Data Bus (HSDB) connection.

•

GMA 1347D Cabin

(2) – The Audio Panel integrates navigation/communication radio (NAV/COM) digital audio,

intercom, and marker beacon controls, and is installed between the displays. This unit also provides manual

control of display reversionary mode (red

DISPLAY BACKUP

Button; see Section 1.5, System Operation) and

communicates with both IAUs using an RS-232 digital interface.

• GCU 476 (1) – The Control Unit provides MFD/PFD and radio tuning control through an RS-232 digital

interface.

• GIA 63W (2) – The Integrated Avionics Units (IAU) function as the main communication hubs, linking all

LRUs with the on-side display. Each IAU contains a GPS SBAS receiver, VHF COM/NAV/GS receivers, and

system integration microprocessors, and is paired with the on-side display via HSDB connection. The IAUs are

not paired together and do not communicate with each other directly.

190-01602-00 Rev. B

Garmin G950 Pilot’s Guide for the Twin Commander

3

SYSTEM OVERVIEW

SYSTEM

OVERVIEW

FLIGHT

INSTRUMENTS

EIS

AUDIO PANEL

& CNS

FLIGHT

MANAGEMENT

HAZARD

AVOIDANCE

AFCS

ADDITIONAL

FEATURES

APPENDICES INDEX

•

GA 36

(1) and

GA 37

(1) – The GA 36 is a through-mount GPS/SBAS antenna. The GA 37 is a through-mount

GPS/SBAS antenna with XM/Data Link.

GA 36 GA 37

•

GDC 74A/B (2)

– The Air Data Computer (ADC) processes data from the pitot/static system and outside air

temperature (OAT) sensor. The ADC provides pressure altitude, airspeed, vertical speed, and OAT information

to the system. It communicates with the primary IAU, displays, and AHRS using an ARINC 429 digital interface.

•

GEA 71

(2) – The Engine Airframe Units receive and process signals from the engine and airframe sensors.

These units communicates with both IAUs using an RS-485 digital interface.

•

GTX 33

(1) and

GTX

33D

(1 optional) – Solid-state transponders that provide Modes A, C, S and ADS-B

capability. Both transponders can be controlled from either PFD, and only one transponder can be active at a

time. Each transponder communicates with the on-side GIA 63W through an RS-232 digital interface.

•

GRS 77 (2)

– The Attitude and Heading Reference System (AHRS) provides aircraft attitude and heading

information via ARINC 429 to both PFDs and the primary IAU. The AHRS contains advanced sensors (including

accelerometers and rate sensors) and interfaces with the Magnetometer to obtain magnetic ﬁeld information,

with the ADC to obtain air data, and with both IAUs to obtain GPS information. AHRS operation is discussed

in Section 1.4, System Operation.

Garmin G950 Pilot’s Guide for the Twin Commander

190-01602-00 Rev. B4

SYSTEM OVERVIEW

SYSTEM

OVERVIEW

FLIGHT

INSTRUMENTS

EIS

AUDIO PANEL

& CNS

FLIGHT

MANAGEMENT

HAZARD

AVOIDANCE

AFCS

ADDITIONAL

FEATURES

APPENDICESINDEX

•

GMU 44 (2)

– The Magnetometer measures local magnetic ﬁeld and sends data to the AHRS for processing to

determine aircraft magnetic heading. This unit receives power directly from the AHRS and communicates with

it via an RS-485 digital interface.

•

GDL 69/69A/69 SXM/69A SXM

(1) – The Data Link Satellite Radio Receiver provides real-time weather

information to the G950 MFD and PFD Inset Map, as well as digital audio entertainment. The Data Link

Receiver communicates with PFD2 via an HSDB connection. A subscription to XM Satellite Radio Service is

required to enable the GDL 69A capability.

•

GWX 70

(1 optional) – Provides airborne real-time precipitation information and ground mapped radar to the

MFD via HSDB connection.

•

GRA 5500

(1 optional) – The Radar Altimeter provides Above Ground Level (AGL) altitude information and

Rate of Change of AGL altitude information via ARINC 429 connection.

•

GTS 825/855

(1 optional) – The GTS 825 Trafﬁc Advisory System (TAS) and GTS 855 TCAS I use active

interrogations of Mode S and Mode C transponders to provide Trafﬁc Advisories to the pilot on the MFD and to

the PFD inset maps independent of the air trafﬁc control system. The GTS communicates with PFD1 with an

HSDB connection.

190-01602-00 Rev. B

Garmin G950 Pilot’s Guide for the Twin Commander

5

SYSTEM OVERVIEW

SYSTEM

OVERVIEW

FLIGHT

INSTRUMENTS

EIS

AUDIO PANEL

& CNS

FLIGHT

MANAGEMENT

HAZARD

AVOIDANCE

AFCS

ADDITIONAL

FEATURES

APPENDICES INDEX

•

GSR 56

(1 optional) – The Iridium Transceiver provides voice communication by means of pilot and copilot

headsets. The unit can also send and receive data over the Iridium satellite network. The GSR 56 is connected

to the #1 GIA 63W (or to the optional GDL 59) with an RS-232 digital interface.

•

GA 58 (2 optional)

– The GA 58 is a directional antenna for the Trafﬁc Avoidance System.

•

GRT 10/GRC 10

(1 optional) – The GRT 10 is a transceiver that provides wireless functionality to the GDL

69A for use of the GRC 10 Remote Control. The GRC 10 is the wireless hand-held unit that provides remote

control of the XM Radio functions.

GRT 10 GRC 10

•

GTP 59

(2) – Provides Outside Air Temperature (OAT) data to the on-side GDC 74A/B.

•

GDL 88/88D

(1 optional) – Provides ADS-B Trafﬁc in and FIS-B Weather.

•

Flight Stream 210

(1 optional) – Provides wireless Bluetooth connectivity between a compatible tablet/mobile

device and the avionics system.

Garmin G950 Pilot’s Guide for the Twin Commander

190-01602-00 Rev. B6

SYSTEM OVERVIEW

SYSTEM

OVERVIEW

FLIGHT

INSTRUMENTS

EIS

AUDIO PANEL

& CNS

FLIGHT

MANAGEMENT

HAZARD

AVOIDANCE

AFCS

ADDITIONAL

FEATURES

APPENDICESINDEX

#2

GMA 1347D

(Audio Panel)

#1

GDU 1040

(PFD1)

GDL 69/A/SXM

(XM Weather/

Audio Datalink)

Flight Stream

210

(Bluetooth

Transceiver)

#1

GMA 1347D

(Audio Panel)

DME-42

(DME)

#1 GIA 63W

(Integrated

Avionics

Unit)

VHF COM

GPS/SBAS

VOR/LOC

G/S

Flight

Director

AFCS Mode

Logic

Servo Logic

#2 GIA 63W

(Integrated

Avionics

Unit)

VHF COM

GPS/SBAS

VOR/LOC

G/S

Flight

Director

AFCS Mode

Logic

Servo Logic

#2

GDU 1040

(PFD2)

Non-Garmin Equipment

ADF-60A

(ADF)

AUX

VIDEO

WX-500

(Lightning

Detection)

FD200CPU-8

(Entertainment)

AK-451

(ELT)

GSR 56

(Iridium)

#1 GTX 33 w/ES

(Transponder)

#2 GTX 33D w/ES

(Transponder)

#3

GDU 1240A

(MFD)

#1 GEA 71 (Engine

& Airframe I/F)

#1 GDC 74A or 74B

(Air Data

Computer)

#2 GDC 74A or 74B

(Air Data

Computer)

#1 GRS 77

(Attitude &

Heading)

#2 GRS 77

(Attitude &

Heading)

Optional

Garmin Equipment

Optional

Non-Garmin Equipment

#1 GMU 44

(Magnetometer)

#2 GMU 44

(Magnetometer)

#2 GEA 71 (Engine

& Airframe I/F)

GTS 825/855

(TAS, TCAS I)

Garmin Equipment

GCU 476

(Display

Controller)

GWX 70

(Weather

Radar)

GDL 88/88D

(ADS-B

Transceiver)

STEC 2100

(Autopilot)

GRA 5500

(Radio

Altimeter)

GRT 10/GRC 10

(XM Remote

Control)

Figure 1-1 System Block Diagram

NOTE: For information on non-Garmin equipment shown in Figure 1-1, consult the applicable interface

user’s guide. This document assumes that the reader is already familiar with the operation of this additional

equipment.

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