Dell PowerSwitch S4048-ON User guide

Dell Conguration Guide for the S4048–ON

System

9.11(2.0P1)

Notes, cautions, and warnings

NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your product.

CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the problem.

WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.

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2017 - 05

Rev. A00

Contents

1 About this Guide...........................................................................................................................................36

Audience........................................................................................................................................................................... 36

Conventions......................................................................................................................................................................36

Related Documents......................................................................................................................................................... 36

2 Conguration Fundamentals........................................................................................................................ 37

Accessing the Command Line........................................................................................................................................ 37

CLI Modes.........................................................................................................................................................................37

Navigating CLI Modes...............................................................................................................................................39

The do Command............................................................................................................................................................ 42

Undoing Commands........................................................................................................................................................ 42

Obtaining Help..................................................................................................................................................................43

Entering and Editing Commands....................................................................................................................................43

Command History............................................................................................................................................................ 44

Filtering show Command Outputs.................................................................................................................................44

Example of the grep Keyword.................................................................................................................................. 44

Multiple Users in Conguration Mode...........................................................................................................................45

3 Getting Started............................................................................................................................................46

Console Access................................................................................................................................................................ 47

Serial Console............................................................................................................................................................. 47

Accessing the CLI Interface and Running Scripts Using SSH....................................................................................48

Entering CLI commands Using an SSH Connection..............................................................................................48

Executing Local CLI Scripts Using an SSH Connection........................................................................................48

Default Conguration...................................................................................................................................................... 49

Conguring a Host Name............................................................................................................................................... 49

Accessing the System Remotely....................................................................................................................................49

Accessing the System Remotely..............................................................................................................................49

Congure the Management Port IP Address......................................................................................................... 49

Congure a Management Route..............................................................................................................................50

Conguring a Username and Password..................................................................................................................50

Conguring the Enable Password..................................................................................................................................50

Conguration File Management......................................................................................................................................51

Copy Files to and from the System..........................................................................................................................51

Mounting an NFS File System..................................................................................................................................52

Save the Running-Conguration..............................................................................................................................53

Congure the Overload Bit for a Startup Scenario............................................................................................... 54

Viewing Files...............................................................................................................................................................54

Compressing Conguration Files............................................................................................................................. 55

Managing the File System.............................................................................................................................................. 58

Enabling Software Features on Devices Using a Command Option..........................................................................58

View Command History.................................................................................................................................................. 59

Contents

3

Upgrading Dell Networking OS...................................................................................................................................... 59

Verify Software Images Before Installation...................................................................................................................59

Using HTTP for File Transfers........................................................................................................................................60

4 Management................................................................................................................................................62

Conguring Privilege Levels............................................................................................................................................62

Creating a Custom Privilege Level...........................................................................................................................63

Removing a Command from EXEC Mode.............................................................................................................. 63

Moving a Command from EXEC Privilege Mode to EXEC Mode........................................................................63

Allowing Access to CONFIGURATION Mode Commands....................................................................................63

Allowing Access to Dierent Modes........................................................................................................................63

Applying a Privilege Level to a Username...............................................................................................................65

Applying a Privilege Level to a Terminal Line.......................................................................................................... 65

Conguring Logging........................................................................................................................................................ 65

Audit and Security Logs............................................................................................................................................ 66

Conguring Logging Format ...................................................................................................................................68

Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration..................................................................................68

Setting Up a Secure Connection to a Syslog Server.............................................................................................69

Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server...................................................................................................... 70

Track Login Activity..........................................................................................................................................................70

Restrictions for Tracking Login Activity...................................................................................................................70

Conguring Login Activity Tracking......................................................................................................................... 70

Display Login Statistics...............................................................................................................................................71

Limit Concurrent Login Sessions....................................................................................................................................72

Restrictions for Limiting the Number of Concurrent Sessions.............................................................................72

Conguring Concurrent Session Limit.....................................................................................................................73

Enabling the System to Clear Existing Sessions.................................................................................................... 73

Enabling Secured CLI Mode............................................................................................................................................74

Log Messages in the Internal Buer.............................................................................................................................. 74

Conguration Task List for System Log Management...........................................................................................74

Disabling System Logging................................................................................................................................................74

Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server............................................................................................................ 75

Conguring a UNIX System as a Syslog Server.....................................................................................................75

Changing System Logging Settings...............................................................................................................................75

Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration........................................................................................ 76

Conguring a UNIX Logging Facility Level.................................................................................................................... 77

Synchronizing Log Messages......................................................................................................................................... 78

Enabling Timestamp on Syslog Messages.................................................................................................................... 78

File Transfer Services.......................................................................................................................................................79

Conguration Task List for File Transfer Services..................................................................................................79

Enabling the FTP Server........................................................................................................................................... 79

Conguring FTP Server Parameters........................................................................................................................79

Conguring FTP Client Parameters.........................................................................................................................80

Terminal Lines...................................................................................................................................................................80

Denying and Permitting Access to a Terminal Line.................................................................................................81

Conguring Login Authentication for Terminal Lines.............................................................................................82

4

Contents

Setting Timeout for EXEC Privilege Mode................................................................................................................... 83

Using Telnet to get to Another Network Device..........................................................................................................83

Lock CONFIGURATION Mode....................................................................................................................................... 84

Viewing the Conguration Lock Status...................................................................................................................84

Reloading the system...................................................................................................................................................... 84

Restoring the Factory Default Settings........................................................................................................................ 85

Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................85

Restoring Factory Default Environment Variables................................................................................................. 86

5 802.1X..........................................................................................................................................................88

Port-Authentication Process..........................................................................................................................................90

EAP over RADIUS......................................................................................................................................................90

Conguring 802.1X........................................................................................................................................................... 91

Related Conguration Tasks......................................................................................................................................91

Important Points to Remember...................................................................................................................................... 91

Enabling 802.1X................................................................................................................................................................ 92

Conguring dot1x Prole ................................................................................................................................................93

Conguring MAC addresses for a do1x Prole.............................................................................................................94

Conguring the Static MAB and MAB Prole .............................................................................................................94

Conguring Critical VLAN ..............................................................................................................................................95

Conguring Request Identity Re-Transmissions...........................................................................................................96

Conguring a Quiet Period after a Failed Authentication..................................................................................... 96

Forcibly Authorizing or Unauthorizing a Port................................................................................................................97

Re-Authenticating a Port................................................................................................................................................98

Conguring Timeouts......................................................................................................................................................99

Conguring Dynamic VLAN Assignment with Port Authentication.........................................................................100

Guest and Authentication-Fail VLANs..........................................................................................................................101

Conguring a Guest VLAN...................................................................................................................................... 101

Conguring an Authentication-Fail VLAN..............................................................................................................101

6 Access Control List (ACL) VLAN Groups and Content Addressable Memory (CAM).................................. 103

Optimizing CAM Utilization During the Attachment of ACLs to VLANs................................................................. 103

Guidelines for Conguring ACL VLAN Groups........................................................................................................... 104

Conguring ACL VLAN Groups and Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters...............................................104

Conguring ACL VLAN Groups.............................................................................................................................. 104

Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters.......................................................................................................105

Viewing CAM Usage...................................................................................................................................................... 106

Allocating FP Blocks for VLAN Processes...................................................................................................................107

Unied Forwarding Table (UFT) Modes...................................................................................................................... 108

Conguring UFT Modes.......................................................................................................................................... 108

7 Access Control Lists (ACLs)........................................................................................................................110

IP Access Control Lists (ACLs)...................................................................................................................................... 111

CAM Usage................................................................................................................................................................112

Implementing ACLs on Dell Networking OS...........................................................................................................112

Important Points to Remember.....................................................................................................................................114

Contents

5

Conguration Task List for Route Maps.................................................................................................................114

Conguring Match Routes.......................................................................................................................................116

Conguring Set Conditions...................................................................................................................................... 117

Congure a Route Map for Route Redistribution..................................................................................................118

Congure a Route Map for Route Tagging............................................................................................................ 119

Continue Clause........................................................................................................................................................ 119

IP Fragment Handling.................................................................................................................................................... 120

IP Fragments ACL Examples...................................................................................................................................120

Layer 4 ACL Rules Examples...................................................................................................................................120

Congure a Standard IP ACL.........................................................................................................................................121

Conguring a Standard IP ACL Filter..................................................................................................................... 122

Congure an Extended IP ACL..................................................................................................................................... 123

Conguring Filters with a Sequence Number....................................................................................................... 123

Conguring Filters Without a Sequence Number.................................................................................................124

Congure Layer 2 and Layer 3 ACLs............................................................................................................................125

Assign an IP ACL to an Interface..................................................................................................................................126

Applying an IP ACL.........................................................................................................................................................126

Counting ACL Hits....................................................................................................................................................127

Congure Ingress ACLs..................................................................................................................................................127

Congure Egress ACLs.................................................................................................................................................. 127

Applying Egress Layer 3 ACLs (Control-Plane).................................................................................................... 128

IP Prex Lists.................................................................................................................................................................. 129

Implementation Information.................................................................................................................................... 129

Conguration Task List for Prex Lists.................................................................................................................. 129

ACL Resequencing......................................................................................................................................................... 133

Resequencing an ACL or Prex List.......................................................................................................................133

Route Maps.....................................................................................................................................................................135

Implementation Information.................................................................................................................................... 135

Logging of ACL Processes............................................................................................................................................ 135

Guidelines for Conguring ACL Logging................................................................................................................136

Conguring ACL Logging.........................................................................................................................................136

Flow-Based Monitoring Support for ACLs.................................................................................................................. 137

Behavior of Flow-Based Monitoring.......................................................................................................................137

Enabling Flow-Based Monitoring............................................................................................................................138

Conguring UDF ACL.................................................................................................................................................... 139

Conguring IP Mirror Access Group............................................................................................................................ 142

Sample Conguration...............................................................................................................................................143

Example of viewing IP mirror–access–group applied to an Interface................................................................143

8 Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD).................................................................................................. 144

How BFD Works............................................................................................................................................................. 144

BFD Packet Format..................................................................................................................................................145

BFD Sessions............................................................................................................................................................ 146

BFD Three-Way Handshake.................................................................................................................................... 147

Session State Changes............................................................................................................................................149

Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................................... 149

6

Contents

Congure BFD................................................................................................................................................................ 149

Congure BFD for Physical Ports.......................................................................................................................... 150

Congure BFD for Static Routes.............................................................................................................................151

Congure BFD for OSPF.........................................................................................................................................154

Congure BFD for OSPFv3.....................................................................................................................................157

Congure BFD for IS-IS...........................................................................................................................................158

Congure BFD for BGP...........................................................................................................................................160

Congure BFD for VRRP.........................................................................................................................................167

Conguring Protocol Liveness................................................................................................................................ 170

Troubleshooting BFD................................................................................................................................................170

9 Border Gateway Protocol IPv4 (BGPv4).....................................................................................................172

Autonomous Systems (AS)........................................................................................................................................... 172

Sessions and Peers.........................................................................................................................................................174

Establish a Session....................................................................................................................................................174

Route Reectors.............................................................................................................................................................175

BGP Attributes................................................................................................................................................................176

Best Path Selection Criteria.................................................................................................................................... 176

Weight........................................................................................................................................................................178

Local Preference....................................................................................................................................................... 178

Multi-Exit Discriminators (MEDs)...........................................................................................................................179

Origin..........................................................................................................................................................................180

AS Path.......................................................................................................................................................................181

Next Hop....................................................................................................................................................................181

Multiprotocol BGP...........................................................................................................................................................181

Implement BGP with Dell Networking OS...................................................................................................................182

Additional Path (Add-Path) Support......................................................................................................................182

Advertise IGP Cost as MED for Redistributed Routes........................................................................................ 182

Ignore Router-ID in Best-Path Calculation............................................................................................................ 183

Four-Byte AS Numbers............................................................................................................................................183

AS4 Number Representation.................................................................................................................................. 183

AS Number Migration.............................................................................................................................................. 185

BGP4 Management Information Base (MIB)........................................................................................................186

Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 186

Conguration Information..............................................................................................................................................187

BGP Conguration..........................................................................................................................................................187

Enabling BGP............................................................................................................................................................ 188

Conguring AS4 Number Representations............................................................................................................191

Conguring Peer Groups.........................................................................................................................................193

Conguring BGP Fast Fall-Over.............................................................................................................................195

Conguring Passive Peering....................................................................................................................................197

Maintaining Existing AS Numbers During an AS Migration................................................................................. 197

Allowing an AS Number to Appear in its Own AS Path.......................................................................................198

Enabling Graceful Restart....................................................................................................................................... 199

Enabling Neighbor Graceful Restart......................................................................................................................200

Filtering on an AS-Path Attribute.......................................................................................................................... 200

Contents

7

Regular Expressions as Filters................................................................................................................................202

Redistributing Routes..............................................................................................................................................203

Enabling Additional Paths....................................................................................................................................... 204

Conguring IP Community Lists............................................................................................................................ 204

Conguring an IP Extended Community List....................................................................................................... 205

Filtering Routes with Community Lists................................................................................................................. 206

Manipulating the COMMUNITY Attribute............................................................................................................ 207

Changing MED Attributes.......................................................................................................................................208

Changing the LOCAL_PREFERENCE Attribute..................................................................................................208

Conguring the local System or a Dierent System to be the Next Hop for BGP-Learned Routes............ 209

Changing the WEIGHT Attribute............................................................................................................................210

Enabling Multipath....................................................................................................................................................210

Filtering BGP Routes................................................................................................................................................210

Filtering BGP Routes Using Route Maps...............................................................................................................212

Filtering BGP Routes Using AS-PATH Information.............................................................................................. 212

Conguring BGP Route Reectors........................................................................................................................ 213

Aggregating Routes..................................................................................................................................................214

Conguring BGP Confederations........................................................................................................................... 214

Enabling Route Flap Dampening.............................................................................................................................215

Changing BGP Timers..............................................................................................................................................217

Enabling BGP Neighbor Soft-Reconguration......................................................................................................217

Enabling or disabling BGP neighbors......................................................................................................................218

Route Map Continue............................................................................................................................................... 220

Enabling MBGP Congurations................................................................................................................................... 220

Congure IPv6 NH Automatically for IPv6 Prex Advertised over IPv4 Neighbor.......................................... 221

BGP Regular Expression Optimization.........................................................................................................................221

Debugging BGP.............................................................................................................................................................. 221

Storing Last and Bad PDUs....................................................................................................................................222

Capturing PDUs....................................................................................................................................................... 223

PDU Counters.......................................................................................................................................................... 224

Sample Congurations.................................................................................................................................................. 224

10 Content Addressable Memory (CAM)....................................................................................................... 231

CAM Allocation............................................................................................................................................................... 231

Test CAM Usage............................................................................................................................................................ 233

View CAM-ACL Settings.............................................................................................................................................. 233

View CAM Usage...........................................................................................................................................................235

CAM Optimization......................................................................................................................................................... 235

Troubleshoot CAM Proling..........................................................................................................................................235

QoS CAM Region Limitation...................................................................................................................................235

11 Control Plane Policing (CoPP).................................................................................................................. 237

Congure Control Plane Policing................................................................................................................................. 238

Conguring CoPP for Protocols............................................................................................................................ 239

Conguring CoPP for CPU Queues....................................................................................................................... 241

CoPP for OSPFv3 Packets.....................................................................................................................................242

8

Contents

Conguring CoPP for OSPFv3.............................................................................................................................. 245

Displaying CoPP Conguration ............................................................................................................................. 245

12 Data Center Bridging (DCB)..................................................................................................................... 248

Ethernet Enhancements in Data Center Bridging..................................................................................................... 248

Priority-Based Flow Control................................................................................................................................... 249

Enhanced Transmission Selection..........................................................................................................................250

Data Center Bridging Exchange Protocol (DCBx)................................................................................................251

Data Center Bridging in a Trac Flow...................................................................................................................252

Enabling Data Center Bridging.....................................................................................................................................252

DCB Maps and its Attributes..................................................................................................................................253

Data Center Bridging: Default Conguration..............................................................................................................254

Conguring Priority-Based Flow Control....................................................................................................................254

Conguring Lossless Queues................................................................................................................................. 255

Conguring PFC in a DCB Map................................................................................................................................... 256

PFC Conguration Notes....................................................................................................................................... 256

PFC Prerequisites and Restrictions....................................................................................................................... 257

Applying a DCB Map on a Port.................................................................................................................................... 257

Conguring PFC without a DCB Map.........................................................................................................................258

Conguring Lossless QueuesExample:..................................................................................................................258

Priority-Based Flow Control Using Dynamic Buer Method................................................................................... 260

Pause and Resume of Trac..................................................................................................................................260

Buer Sizes for Lossless or PFC Packets............................................................................................................ 260

Behavior of Tagged Packets..........................................................................................................................................261

Conguration Example for DSCP and PFC Priorities.................................................................................................261

Using PFC to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac...................................................................................................262

Congure Enhanced Transmission Selection..............................................................................................................262

ETS Prerequisites and Restrictions....................................................................................................................... 262

Creating an ETS Priority Group..............................................................................................................................262

ETS Operation with DCBx......................................................................................................................................264

Conguring Bandwidth Allocation for DCBx CIN.................................................................................................264

Conguring ETS in a DCB Map..............................................................................................................................265

Hierarchical Scheduling in ETS Output Policies.........................................................................................................266

Using ETS to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac................................................................................................... 267

Applying DCB Policies in a Switch Stack.................................................................................................................... 267

Congure a DCBx Operation........................................................................................................................................ 267

DCBx Operation....................................................................................................................................................... 267

DCBx Port Roles...................................................................................................................................................... 268

DCB Conguration Exchange................................................................................................................................ 269

Conguration Source Election............................................................................................................................... 269

Propagation of DCB Information............................................................................................................................270

Auto-Detection and Manual Conguration of the DCBx Version.......................................................................270

DCBx Example.......................................................................................................................................................... 271

DCBx Prerequisites and Restrictions......................................................................................................................271

Conguring DCBx.....................................................................................................................................................271

Verifying the DCB Conguration..................................................................................................................................275

Contents

9

QoS dot1p Trac Classication and Queue Assignment..........................................................................................284

Conguring the Dynamic Buer Method................................................................................................................... 285

Sample DCB Conguration...........................................................................................................................................286

PFC and ETS Conguration Command Examples...............................................................................................288

13 Dynamic Host Conguration Protocol (DHCP).........................................................................................289

DHCP Packet Format and Options............................................................................................................................. 289

Assign an IP Address using DHCP................................................................................................................................291

Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................292

Congure the System to be a DHCP Server..............................................................................................................292

Conguring the Server for Automatic Address Allocation..................................................................................293

Specifying a Default Gateway................................................................................................................................ 294

Congure a Method of Hostname Resolution..................................................................................................... 294

Using DNS for Address Resolution........................................................................................................................294

Using NetBIOS WINS for Address Resolution..................................................................................................... 295

Creating Manual Binding Entries............................................................................................................................295

Debugging the DHCP Server.................................................................................................................................295

Using DHCP Clear Commands.............................................................................................................................. 296

Congure the System to be a Relay Agent................................................................................................................ 296

Congure the System to be a DHCP Client............................................................................................................... 298

Conguring the DHCP Client System...................................................................................................................298

DHCP Client on a Management Interface............................................................................................................299

DHCP Client Operation with Other Features.......................................................................................................300

Congure the System for User Port Stacking (Option 230).................................................................................... 301

Congure Secure DHCP................................................................................................................................................301

Option 82...................................................................................................................................................................301

DHCP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................................302

Drop DHCP Packets on Snooped VLANs Only....................................................................................................305

Dynamic ARP Inspection........................................................................................................................................ 306

Conguring Dynamic ARP Inspection................................................................................................................... 307

Source Address Validation............................................................................................................................................ 308

Enabling IP Source Address Validation..................................................................................................................308

DHCP MAC Source Address Validation................................................................................................................ 309

Enabling IP+MAC Source Address Validation.......................................................................................................309

Viewing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets.................................................................................................... 310

Clearing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets....................................................................................................310

14 Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP)................................................................................................................. 311

ECMP for Flow-Based Anity.......................................................................................................................................311

Conguring the Hash Algorithm..............................................................................................................................311

Enabling Deterministic ECMP Next Hop................................................................................................................311

Conguring the Hash Algorithm Seed................................................................................................................... 312

Link Bundle Monitoring.................................................................................................................................................. 312

Managing ECMP Group Paths................................................................................................................................313

Creating an ECMP Group Bundle...........................................................................................................................313

Modifying the ECMP Group Threshold................................................................................................................. 313

10

Contents

RTAG7..............................................................................................................................................................................314

Flow-based Hashing for ECMP.................................................................................................................................... 315

15 FIP Snooping............................................................................................................................................ 318

Fibre Channel over Ethernet.........................................................................................................................................318

Ensure Robustness in a Converged Ethernet Network.............................................................................................318

FIP Snooping on Ethernet Bridges.............................................................................................................................. 320

FIP Snooping in a Switch Stack...................................................................................................................................322

Using FIP Snooping....................................................................................................................................................... 322

FIP Snooping Prerequisites.....................................................................................................................................322

Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................322

Enabling the FCoE Transit Feature........................................................................................................................323

Enable FIP Snooping on VLANs.............................................................................................................................324

Congure the FC-MAP Value.................................................................................................................................324

Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-Bridge Link....................................................................................................... 324

Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-FCF Link...........................................................................................................324

Impact on Other Software Features..................................................................................................................... 324

FIP Snooping Restrictions...................................................................................................................................... 325

Conguring FIP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................325

Displaying FIP Snooping Information...........................................................................................................................326

FCoE Transit Conguration Example........................................................................................................................... 331

16 Flex Hash and Optimized Boot-Up............................................................................................................333

Flex Hash Capability Overview.....................................................................................................................................333

Conguring the Flex Hash Mechanism.......................................................................................................................333

Conguring Fast Boot and LACP Fast Switchover...................................................................................................334

Optimizing the Boot Time.............................................................................................................................................334

Booting Process When Optimized Boot Time Mechanism is Enabled..............................................................334

Guidelines for Conguring Optimized Booting Mechanism................................................................................335

Interoperation of Applications with Fast Boot and System States..........................................................................336

LACP and IPv4 Routing.......................................................................................................................................... 336

LACP and IPv6 Routing.......................................................................................................................................... 336

BGP Graceful Restart..............................................................................................................................................337

Cold Boot Caused by Power Cycling the System................................................................................................337

Unexpected Reload of the System........................................................................................................................337

Software Upgrade....................................................................................................................................................337

LACP Fast Switchover............................................................................................................................................337

Changes to BGP Multipath.................................................................................................................................... 338

Delayed Installation of ECMP Routes Into BGP...................................................................................................338

RDMA Over Converged Ethernet (RoCE) Overview................................................................................................338

Preserving 802.1Q VLAN Tag Value for Lite Subinterfaces...................................................................................... 339

17 FIPS Cryptography...................................................................................................................................340

Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................................... 340

Preparing the System....................................................................................................................................................340

Enabling FIPS Mode.......................................................................................................................................................341

Contents

11

Generating Host-Keys....................................................................................................................................................341

Monitoring FIPS Mode Status...................................................................................................................................... 341

Disabling FIPS Mode..................................................................................................................................................... 342

18 Force10 Resilient Ring Protocol (FRRP)................................................................................................... 343

Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................343

Ring Status............................................................................................................................................................... 344

Multiple FRRP Rings................................................................................................................................................344

Important FRRP Points...........................................................................................................................................345

Important FRRP Concepts..................................................................................................................................... 346

Implementing FRRP.......................................................................................................................................................347

FRRP Conguration.......................................................................................................................................................347

Creating the FRRP Group.......................................................................................................................................347

Conguring the Control VLAN...............................................................................................................................348

Conguring and Adding the Member VLANs.......................................................................................................349

Setting the FRRP Timers........................................................................................................................................350

Clearing the FRRP Counters..................................................................................................................................350

Viewing the FRRP Conguration...........................................................................................................................350

Viewing the FRRP Information.............................................................................................................................. 350

Troubleshooting FRRP................................................................................................................................................... 351

Conguration Checks...............................................................................................................................................351

Sample Conguration and Topology.............................................................................................................................351

FRRP Support on VLT...................................................................................................................................................352

Example Scenario.................................................................................................................................................... 353

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 354

19 GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP)..............................................................................................355

Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................... 355

Congure GVRP............................................................................................................................................................ 356

Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................356

Enabling GVRP Globally................................................................................................................................................ 357

Enabling GVRP on a Layer 2 Interface........................................................................................................................357

Congure GVRP Registration.......................................................................................................................................357

Congure a GARP Timer.............................................................................................................................................. 358

RPM Redundancy..........................................................................................................................................................358

20 High Availability (HA)...............................................................................................................................360

Component Redundancy..............................................................................................................................................360

Automatic and Manual Stack Unit Failover.......................................................................................................... 360

Synchronization between Management and Standby Units...............................................................................361

Forcing a Stack Unit Failover.................................................................................................................................. 361

Specifying an Auto-Failover Limit..........................................................................................................................362

Disabling Auto-Reboot............................................................................................................................................ 362

Manually Synchronizing Management and Standby Units................................................................................. 362

Pre-Conguring a Stack Unit Slot............................................................................................................................... 362

Removing a Provisioned Logical Stack Unit............................................................................................................... 363

12

Contents

Hitless Behavior............................................................................................................................................................. 363

Graceful Restart.............................................................................................................................................................363

Software Resiliency....................................................................................................................................................... 364

Software Component Health Monitoring............................................................................................................. 364

System Health Monitoring......................................................................................................................................364

Failure and Event Logging.......................................................................................................................................364

Hot-Lock Behavior.........................................................................................................................................................365

21 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP)......................................................................................... 366

IGMP Implementation Information.............................................................................................................................. 366

IGMP Protocol Overview..............................................................................................................................................366

IGMP Version 2........................................................................................................................................................366

IGMP Version 3........................................................................................................................................................ 368

Congure IGMP.............................................................................................................................................................. 371

Related Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................371

Viewing IGMP Enabled Interfaces............................................................................................................................... 372

Selecting an IGMP Version........................................................................................................................................... 372

Viewing IGMP Groups................................................................................................................................................... 372

Adjusting Timers.............................................................................................................................................................373

Adjusting Query and Response Timers..................................................................................................................373

Preventing a Host from Joining a Group.....................................................................................................................374

Enabling IGMP Immediate-Leave.................................................................................................................................377

IGMP Snooping.............................................................................................................................................................. 377

IGMP Snooping Implementation Information........................................................................................................377

Conguring IGMP Snooping................................................................................................................................... 377

Removing a Group-Port Association..................................................................................................................... 378

Disabling Multicast Flooding................................................................................................................................... 378

Specifying a Port as Connected to a Multicast Router.......................................................................................379

Conguring the Switch as Querier.........................................................................................................................379

Fast Convergence after MSTP Topology Changes...................................................................................................380

Egress Interface Selection (EIS) for HTTP and IGMP Applications........................................................................380

Protocol Separation.................................................................................................................................................380

Enabling and Disabling Management Egress Interface Selection.......................................................................381

Handling of Management Route Conguration................................................................................................... 382

Handling of Switch-Initiated Trac....................................................................................................................... 383

Handling of Switch-Destined Trac......................................................................................................................383

Handling of Transit Trac (Trac Separation).................................................................................................... 384

Mapping of Management Applications and Trac Type.....................................................................................384

Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Initiated Trac ............................................................................385

Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Destined Trac ...........................................................................386

Interworking of EIS With Various Applications..................................................................................................... 387

Designating a Multicast Router Interface................................................................................................................... 387

22 Interfaces................................................................................................................................................ 389

Basic Interface Conguration.......................................................................................................................................389

Advanced Interface Conguration...............................................................................................................................389

Contents

13

Interface Types...............................................................................................................................................................390

View Basic Interface Information.................................................................................................................................390

Resetting an Interface to its Factory Default State...................................................................................................392

Enabling a Physical Interface........................................................................................................................................393

Physical Interfaces.........................................................................................................................................................393

Conguration Task List for Physical Interfaces.................................................................................................... 393

Overview of Layer Modes...................................................................................................................................... 393

Conguring Layer 2 (Data Link) Mode..................................................................................................................394

Conguring Layer 2 (Interface) Mode.................................................................................................................. 394

Conguring Layer 3 (Network) Mode...................................................................................................................395

Conguring Layer 3 (Interface) Mode.................................................................................................................. 395

Egress Interface Selection (EIS)..................................................................................................................................396

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 396

Conguring EIS........................................................................................................................................................ 396

Management Interfaces................................................................................................................................................397

Conguring Management Interfaces.....................................................................................................................397

Conguring a Management Interface on an Ethernet Port............................................................................... 398

VLAN Interfaces............................................................................................................................................................ 399

Loopback Interfaces......................................................................................................................................................400

Null Interfaces................................................................................................................................................................ 400

Port Channel Interfaces................................................................................................................................................400

Port Channel Denition and Standards................................................................................................................. 401

Port Channel Benets..............................................................................................................................................401

Port Channel Implementation................................................................................................................................. 401

Interfaces in Port Channels.................................................................................................................................... 402

Conguration Tasks for Port Channel Interfaces.................................................................................................402

Creating a Port Channel..........................................................................................................................................402

Adding a Physical Interface to a Port Channel.....................................................................................................403

Reassigning an Interface to a New Port Channel................................................................................................404

Conguring the Minimum Oper Up Links in a Port Channel.............................................................................. 405

Adding or Removing a Port Channel from a VLAN............................................................................................. 405

Assigning an IP Address to a Port Channel.......................................................................................................... 406

Deleting or Disabling a Port Channel..................................................................................................................... 407

Load Balancing Through Port Channels................................................................................................................407

Changing the Hash Algorithm................................................................................................................................ 407

Bulk Conguration......................................................................................................................................................... 408

Interface Range....................................................................................................................................................... 408

Bulk Conguration Examples..................................................................................................................................408

Dening Interface Range Macros.................................................................................................................................410

Dene the Interface Range.....................................................................................................................................410

Choosing an Interface-Range Macro.....................................................................................................................410

Monitoring and Maintaining Interfaces.........................................................................................................................411

Maintenance Using TDR..........................................................................................................................................412

Non Dell-Qualied Transceivers....................................................................................................................................412

Splitting 40G Ports without Reload............................................................................................................................. 413

14

Contents

Splitting QSFP Ports to SFP+ Ports............................................................................................................................ 414

Converting a QSFP or QSFP+ Port to an SFP or SFP+ Port...................................................................................415

Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 415

Example Scenarios................................................................................................................................................... 415

Conguring wavelength for 10–Gigabit SFP+ optics.................................................................................................417

Link Dampening...............................................................................................................................................................417

Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 417

Enabling Link Dampening.........................................................................................................................................417

Link Bundle Monitoring.................................................................................................................................................. 419

Using Ethernet Pause Frames for Flow Control......................................................................................................... 419

Enabling Pause Frames........................................................................................................................................... 420

Congure the MTU Size on an Interface.....................................................................................................................421

Port-Pipes........................................................................................................................................................................421

Auto-Negotiation on Ethernet Interfaces................................................................................................................... 422

Setting the Speed of Ethernet Interfaces............................................................................................................ 422

Set Auto-Negotiation Options................................................................................................................................423

View Advanced Interface Information.........................................................................................................................424

Conguring the Interface Sampling Size.............................................................................................................. 425

Conguring the Trac Sampling Size Globally...........................................................................................................426

Dynamic Counters..........................................................................................................................................................427

Clearing Interface Counters....................................................................................................................................428

23 Internet Protocol Security (IPSec)...........................................................................................................429

Conguring IPSec .........................................................................................................................................................429

24 IPv4 Routing.............................................................................................................................................431

IP Addresses...................................................................................................................................................................432

Implementation Information....................................................................................................................................432

Conguration Tasks for IP Addresses..........................................................................................................................432

Assigning IP Addresses to an Interface.......................................................................................................................432

Conguring Static Routes.............................................................................................................................................433

Congure Static Routes for the Management Interface.......................................................................................... 434

IPv4 Path MTU Discovery Overview.......................................................................................................................... 435

Using the Congured Source IP Address in ICMP Messages..................................................................................435

Conguring the ICMP Source Interface............................................................................................................... 435

Conguring the Duration to Establish a TCP Connection........................................................................................ 436

Enabling Directed Broadcast........................................................................................................................................ 436

Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................................................436

Enabling Dynamic Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................ 437

Specifying the Local System Domain and a List of Domains....................................................................................437

Conguring DNS with Traceroute................................................................................................................................438

ARP..................................................................................................................................................................................438

Conguration Tasks for ARP........................................................................................................................................ 439

Conguring Static ARP Entries....................................................................................................................................439

Enabling Proxy ARP.......................................................................................................................................................439

Clearing ARP Cache......................................................................................................................................................440

Contents

15

ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP............................................................................................................................... 440

Enabling ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................440

ARP Learning via ARP Request................................................................................................................................... 440

Conguring ARP Retries................................................................................................................................................441

ICMP............................................................................................................................................................................... 442

Conguration Tasks for ICMP...................................................................................................................................... 442

Enabling ICMP Unreachable Messages...................................................................................................................... 442

UDP Helper.....................................................................................................................................................................442

Congure UDP Helper.............................................................................................................................................442

Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................443

Enabling UDP Helper.....................................................................................................................................................443

Conguring a Broadcast Address................................................................................................................................ 443

Congurations Using UDP Helper............................................................................................................................... 444

UDP Helper with Broadcast-All Addresses.................................................................................................................444

UDP Helper with Subnet Broadcast Addresses.........................................................................................................445

UDP Helper with Congured Broadcast Addresses..................................................................................................445

UDP Helper with No Congured Broadcast Addresses............................................................................................446

Troubleshooting UDP Helper........................................................................................................................................446

25 IPv6 Routing............................................................................................................................................447

Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 447

Extended Address Space........................................................................................................................................448

Stateless Autoconguration................................................................................................................................... 448

IPv6 Headers............................................................................................................................................................448

IPv6 Header Fields...................................................................................................................................................449

Extension Header Fields.......................................................................................................................................... 451

Addressing................................................................................................................................................................ 452

Implementing IPv6 with Dell Networking OS.............................................................................................................453

ICMPv6...........................................................................................................................................................................454

Path MTU Discovery.....................................................................................................................................................455

IPv6 Neighbor Discovery..............................................................................................................................................455

IPv6 Neighbor Discovery of MTU Packets.......................................................................................................... 456

Conguration Task List for IPv6 RDNSS.................................................................................................................... 456

Conguring the IPv6 Recursive DNS Server....................................................................................................... 456

Debugging IPv6 RDNSS Information Sent to the Host ..................................................................................... 457

Displaying IPv6 RDNSS Information......................................................................................................................458

Secure Shell (SSH) Over an IPv6 Transport.............................................................................................................. 458

Conguration Tasks for IPv6........................................................................................................................................459

Adjusting Your CAM-Prole....................................................................................................................................459

Assigning an IPv6 Address to an Interface...........................................................................................................460

Assigning a Static IPv6 Route................................................................................................................................460

Conguring Telnet with IPv6...................................................................................................................................461

SNMP over IPv6.......................................................................................................................................................461

Displaying IPv6 Information.....................................................................................................................................461

Displaying an IPv6 Interface Information.............................................................................................................. 462

Showing IPv6 Routes..............................................................................................................................................462

16

Contents

Showing the Running-Conguration for an Interface.........................................................................................464

Clearing IPv6 Routes...............................................................................................................................................464

Disabling ND Entry Timeout................................................................................................................................... 464

Conguring IPv6 RA Guard.......................................................................................................................................... 465

Conguring IPv6 RA Guard on an Interface.........................................................................................................466

Monitoring IPv6 RA Guard......................................................................................................................................467

26 iSCSI Optimization.................................................................................................................................. 468

iSCSI Optimization Overview.......................................................................................................................................468

Monitoring iSCSI Trac Flows...............................................................................................................................470

Application of Quality of Service to iSCSI Trac Flows......................................................................................470

Information Monitored in iSCSI Trac Flows....................................................................................................... 470

Detection and Auto-Conguration for Dell EqualLogic Arrays............................................................................471

Conguring Detection and Ports for Dell Compellent Arrays..............................................................................471

Synchronizing iSCSI Sessions Learned on VLT-Lags with VLT-Peer................................................................. 472

Enable and Disable iSCSI Optimization................................................................................................................. 472

Default iSCSI Optimization Values............................................................................................................................... 473

iSCSI Optimization Prerequisites..................................................................................................................................473

Conguring iSCSI Optimization....................................................................................................................................473

Displaying iSCSI Optimization Information..................................................................................................................475

27 Intermediate System to Intermediate System........................................................................................... 477

IS-IS Protocol Overview................................................................................................................................................477

IS-IS Addressing............................................................................................................................................................. 477

Multi-Topology IS-IS.......................................................................................................................................................478

Transition Mode........................................................................................................................................................478

Interface Support.....................................................................................................................................................479

Adjacencies...............................................................................................................................................................479

Graceful Restart.............................................................................................................................................................479

Timers........................................................................................................................................................................479

Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................479

Conguration Information.............................................................................................................................................480

Conguration Tasks for IS-IS.................................................................................................................................. 481

Conguring the Distance of a Route.....................................................................................................................488

Changing the IS-Type.............................................................................................................................................. 489

Redistributing IPv4 Routes......................................................................................................................................491

Redistributing IPv6 Routes.....................................................................................................................................492

Conguring Authentication Passwords.................................................................................................................493

Setting the Overload Bit......................................................................................................................................... 493

Debugging IS-IS....................................................................................................................................................... 494

IS-IS Metric Styles.........................................................................................................................................................495

Congure Metric Values............................................................................................................................................... 495

Maximum Values in the Routing Table.................................................................................................................. 495

Change the IS-IS Metric Style in One Level Only................................................................................................495

Leaks from One Level to Another.......................................................................................................................... 497

Sample Congurations..................................................................................................................................................498

Contents

17

28 Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP).............................................................................................. 500

Introduction to Dynamic LAGs and LACP.................................................................................................................. 500

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 500

LACP Modes.............................................................................................................................................................501

Conguring LACP Commands................................................................................................................................501

LACP Conguration Tasks............................................................................................................................................502

Creating a LAG.........................................................................................................................................................502

Conguring the LAG Interfaces as Dynamic........................................................................................................502

Setting the LACP Long Timeout........................................................................................................................... 503

Monitoring and Debugging LACP..........................................................................................................................503

Shared LAG State Tracking.......................................................................................................................................... 504

Conguring Shared LAG State Tracking...............................................................................................................504

Important Points about Shared LAG State Tracking...........................................................................................506

LACP Basic Conguration Example............................................................................................................................ 506

Congure a LAG on ALPHA...................................................................................................................................506

29 Layer 2..................................................................................................................................................... 515

Manage the MAC Address Table..................................................................................................................................515

Clearing the MAC Address Table............................................................................................................................515

Setting the Aging Time for Dynamic Entries.........................................................................................................515

Conguring a Static MAC Address.........................................................................................................................516

Displaying the MAC Address Table.........................................................................................................................516

MAC Learning Limit........................................................................................................................................................516

Setting the MAC Learning Limit............................................................................................................................. 517

mac learning-limit Dynamic......................................................................................................................................517

mac learning-limit mac-address-sticky.................................................................................................................. 517

mac learning-limit station-move............................................................................................................................. 518

mac learning-limit no-station-move....................................................................................................................... 518

Learning Limit Violation Actions..............................................................................................................................518

Setting Station Move Violation Actions.................................................................................................................519

Recovering from Learning Limit and Station Move Violations............................................................................519

Disabling MAC Address Learning on the System.................................................................................................520

NIC Teaming................................................................................................................................................................... 520

Congure Redundant Pairs........................................................................................................................................... 521

Important Points about Conguring Redundant Pairs........................................................................................ 523

Far-End Failure Detection............................................................................................................................................. 524

FEFD State Changes...............................................................................................................................................525

Conguring FEFD.................................................................................................................................................... 526

Enabling FEFD on an Interface...............................................................................................................................526

Debugging FEFD...................................................................................................................................................... 527

30 Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)..................................................................................................... 529

802.1AB (LLDP) Overview............................................................................................................................................529

Protocol Data Units................................................................................................................................................. 529

Optional TLVs.................................................................................................................................................................530

18

Contents

Management TLVs.................................................................................................................................................. 530

TIA-1057 (LLDP-MED) Overview................................................................................................................................ 532

TIA Organizationally Specic TLVs........................................................................................................................ 532

Congure LLDP............................................................................................................................................................. 536

Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................536

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 536

LLDP Compatibility.................................................................................................................................................. 537

CONFIGURATION versus INTERFACE Congurations............................................................................................ 537

Enabling LLDP................................................................................................................................................................ 537

Disabling and Undoing LLDP.................................................................................................................................. 538

Enabling LLDP on Management Ports........................................................................................................................538

Disabling and Undoing LLDP on Management Ports..........................................................................................538

Advertising TLVs............................................................................................................................................................ 538

Viewing the LLDP Conguration................................................................................................................................. 540

Viewing Information Advertised by Adjacent LLDP Agents..................................................................................... 540

Conguring LLDPDU Intervals......................................................................................................................................541

Conguring Transmit and Receive Mode....................................................................................................................542

Conguring the Time to Live Value............................................................................................................................. 542

Debugging LLDP............................................................................................................................................................543

Relevant Management Objects................................................................................................................................... 544

31 Microsoft Network Load Balancing...........................................................................................................549

NLB Unicast Mode Scenario........................................................................................................................................549

NLB Multicast Mode Scenario.....................................................................................................................................549

Limitations of the NLB Feature....................................................................................................................................550

Microsoft Clustering......................................................................................................................................................550

Enable and Disable VLAN Flooding ............................................................................................................................ 550

Conguring a Switch for NLB .....................................................................................................................................550

Enabling a Switch for Multicast NLB.....................................................................................................................551

32 Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP).........................................................................................552

Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................552

Anycast RP.....................................................................................................................................................................553

Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 554

Congure Multicast Source Discovery Protocol........................................................................................................554

Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................554

Enable MSDP.................................................................................................................................................................558

Manage the Source-Active Cache..............................................................................................................................559

Viewing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................ 559

Limiting the Source-Active Cache.........................................................................................................................559

Clearing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................560

Enabling the Rejected Source-Active Cache.......................................................................................................560

Accept Source-Active Messages that Fail the RFP Check..................................................................................... 560

Specifying Source-Active Messages...........................................................................................................................563

Limiting the Source-Active Messages from a Peer...................................................................................................564

Preventing MSDP from Caching a Local Source.......................................................................................................564

Contents

19

Preventing MSDP from Caching a Remote Source.................................................................................................. 565

Preventing MSDP from Advertising a Local Source................................................................................................. 565

Logging Changes in Peership States...........................................................................................................................566

Terminating a Peership..................................................................................................................................................566

Clearing Peer Statistics.................................................................................................................................................567

Debugging MSDP.......................................................................................................................................................... 567

MSDP with Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................568

Conguring Anycast RP............................................................................................................................................... 569

Reducing Source-Active Message Flooding.........................................................................................................570

Specifying the RP Address Used in SA Messages.............................................................................................. 570

MSDP Sample Congurations......................................................................................................................................572

33 Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP).................................................................................................575

Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................575

Spanning Tree Variations...............................................................................................................................................576

Implementation Information....................................................................................................................................576

Congure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol................................................................................................................ 576

Related Conguration Tasks................................................................................................................................... 577

Enable Multiple Spanning Tree Globally.......................................................................................................................577

Adding and Removing Interfaces................................................................................................................................. 577

Creating Multiple Spanning Tree Instances................................................................................................................ 578

Inuencing MSTP Root Selection................................................................................................................................579

Interoperate with Non-Dell Bridges............................................................................................................................. 579

Changing the Region Name or Revision.....................................................................................................................580

Modifying Global Parameters.......................................................................................................................................580

Modifying the Interface Parameters............................................................................................................................ 581

Conguring an EdgePort.............................................................................................................................................. 582

Flush MAC Addresses after a Topology Change....................................................................................................... 583

MSTP Sample Congurations......................................................................................................................................583

Router 1 Running-CongurationRouter 2 Running-CongurationRouter 3 Running-

CongurationSFTOS Example Running-Conguration.......................................................................................584

Debugging and Verifying MSTP Congurations.........................................................................................................587

34 Multicast Features...................................................................................................................................589

Enabling IP Multicast.....................................................................................................................................................589

Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 589

Multicast Policies...........................................................................................................................................................590

IPv4 Multicast Policies............................................................................................................................................590

Understanding Multicast Traceroute (mtrace)...........................................................................................................597

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 598

Printing Multicast Traceroute (mtrace) Paths........................................................................................................... 598

Supported Error Codes.................................................................................................................................................599

mtrace Scenarios...........................................................................................................................................................600

35 Object Tracking....................................................................................................................................... 606

Object Tracking Overview............................................................................................................................................ 606

20

Contents

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