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PowerSwitch S4048-ON

Dell PowerSwitch S4048-ON User guide

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Dell Conguration Guide for the S4048–ON
System
9.11(2.0P1)
Notes, cautions, and warnings
NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your product.
CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the problem.
WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.
Copyright © 2017 Dell Inc. or its subsidiaries. All rights reserved. Dell, EMC, and other trademarks are trademarks of Dell Inc. or its subsidiaries. Other
trademarks may be trademarks of their respective owners.
2017 - 05
Rev. A00
Contents
1 About this Guide...........................................................................................................................................36
Audience........................................................................................................................................................................... 36
Conventions......................................................................................................................................................................36
Related Documents......................................................................................................................................................... 36
2 Conguration Fundamentals........................................................................................................................ 37
Accessing the Command Line........................................................................................................................................ 37
CLI Modes.........................................................................................................................................................................37
Navigating CLI Modes...............................................................................................................................................39
The do Command............................................................................................................................................................ 42
Undoing Commands........................................................................................................................................................ 42
Obtaining Help..................................................................................................................................................................43
Entering and Editing Commands....................................................................................................................................43
Command History............................................................................................................................................................ 44
Filtering show Command Outputs.................................................................................................................................44
Example of the grep Keyword.................................................................................................................................. 44
Multiple Users in Conguration Mode...........................................................................................................................45
3 Getting Started............................................................................................................................................46
Console Access................................................................................................................................................................ 47
Serial Console............................................................................................................................................................. 47
Accessing the CLI Interface and Running Scripts Using SSH....................................................................................48
Entering CLI commands Using an SSH Connection..............................................................................................48
Executing Local CLI Scripts Using an SSH Connection........................................................................................48
Default Conguration...................................................................................................................................................... 49
Conguring a Host Name............................................................................................................................................... 49
Accessing the System Remotely....................................................................................................................................49
Accessing the System Remotely..............................................................................................................................49
Congure the Management Port IP Address......................................................................................................... 49
Congure a Management Route..............................................................................................................................50
Conguring a Username and Password..................................................................................................................50
Conguring the Enable Password..................................................................................................................................50
Conguration File Management......................................................................................................................................51
Copy Files to and from the System..........................................................................................................................51
Mounting an NFS File System..................................................................................................................................52
Save the Running-Conguration..............................................................................................................................53
Congure the Overload Bit for a Startup Scenario............................................................................................... 54
Viewing Files...............................................................................................................................................................54
Compressing Conguration Files............................................................................................................................. 55
Managing the File System.............................................................................................................................................. 58
Enabling Software Features on Devices Using a Command Option..........................................................................58
View Command History.................................................................................................................................................. 59
Contents
3
Upgrading Dell Networking OS...................................................................................................................................... 59
Verify Software Images Before Installation...................................................................................................................59
Using HTTP for File Transfers........................................................................................................................................60
4 Management................................................................................................................................................62
Conguring Privilege Levels............................................................................................................................................62
Creating a Custom Privilege Level...........................................................................................................................63
Removing a Command from EXEC Mode.............................................................................................................. 63
Moving a Command from EXEC Privilege Mode to EXEC Mode........................................................................63
Allowing Access to CONFIGURATION Mode Commands....................................................................................63
Allowing Access to Dierent Modes........................................................................................................................63
Applying a Privilege Level to a Username...............................................................................................................65
Applying a Privilege Level to a Terminal Line.......................................................................................................... 65
Conguring Logging........................................................................................................................................................ 65
Audit and Security Logs............................................................................................................................................ 66
Conguring Logging Format ...................................................................................................................................68
Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration..................................................................................68
Setting Up a Secure Connection to a Syslog Server.............................................................................................69
Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server...................................................................................................... 70
Track Login Activity..........................................................................................................................................................70
Restrictions for Tracking Login Activity...................................................................................................................70
Conguring Login Activity Tracking......................................................................................................................... 70
Display Login Statistics...............................................................................................................................................71
Limit Concurrent Login Sessions....................................................................................................................................72
Restrictions for Limiting the Number of Concurrent Sessions.............................................................................72
Conguring Concurrent Session Limit.....................................................................................................................73
Enabling the System to Clear Existing Sessions.................................................................................................... 73
Enabling Secured CLI Mode............................................................................................................................................74
Log Messages in the Internal Buer.............................................................................................................................. 74
Conguration Task List for System Log Management...........................................................................................74
Disabling System Logging................................................................................................................................................74
Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server............................................................................................................ 75
Conguring a UNIX System as a Syslog Server.....................................................................................................75
Changing System Logging Settings...............................................................................................................................75
Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration........................................................................................ 76
Conguring a UNIX Logging Facility Level.................................................................................................................... 77
Synchronizing Log Messages......................................................................................................................................... 78
Enabling Timestamp on Syslog Messages.................................................................................................................... 78
File Transfer Services.......................................................................................................................................................79
Conguration Task List for File Transfer Services..................................................................................................79
Enabling the FTP Server........................................................................................................................................... 79
Conguring FTP Server Parameters........................................................................................................................79
Conguring FTP Client Parameters.........................................................................................................................80
Terminal Lines...................................................................................................................................................................80
Denying and Permitting Access to a Terminal Line.................................................................................................81
Conguring Login Authentication for Terminal Lines.............................................................................................82
4
Contents
Setting Timeout for EXEC Privilege Mode................................................................................................................... 83
Using Telnet to get to Another Network Device..........................................................................................................83
Lock CONFIGURATION Mode....................................................................................................................................... 84
Viewing the Conguration Lock Status...................................................................................................................84
Reloading the system...................................................................................................................................................... 84
Restoring the Factory Default Settings........................................................................................................................ 85
Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................85
Restoring Factory Default Environment Variables................................................................................................. 86
5 802.1X..........................................................................................................................................................88
Port-Authentication Process..........................................................................................................................................90
EAP over RADIUS......................................................................................................................................................90
Conguring 802.1X........................................................................................................................................................... 91
Related Conguration Tasks......................................................................................................................................91
Important Points to Remember...................................................................................................................................... 91
Enabling 802.1X................................................................................................................................................................ 92
Conguring dot1x Prole ................................................................................................................................................93
Conguring MAC addresses for a do1x Prole.............................................................................................................94
Conguring the Static MAB and MAB Prole .............................................................................................................94
Conguring Critical VLAN ..............................................................................................................................................95
Conguring Request Identity Re-Transmissions...........................................................................................................96
Conguring a Quiet Period after a Failed Authentication..................................................................................... 96
Forcibly Authorizing or Unauthorizing a Port................................................................................................................97
Re-Authenticating a Port................................................................................................................................................98
Conguring Timeouts......................................................................................................................................................99
Conguring Dynamic VLAN Assignment with Port Authentication.........................................................................100
Guest and Authentication-Fail VLANs..........................................................................................................................101
Conguring a Guest VLAN...................................................................................................................................... 101
Conguring an Authentication-Fail VLAN..............................................................................................................101
6 Access Control List (ACL) VLAN Groups and Content Addressable Memory (CAM).................................. 103
Optimizing CAM Utilization During the Attachment of ACLs to VLANs................................................................. 103
Guidelines for Conguring ACL VLAN Groups........................................................................................................... 104
Conguring ACL VLAN Groups and Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters...............................................104
Conguring ACL VLAN Groups.............................................................................................................................. 104
Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters.......................................................................................................105
Viewing CAM Usage...................................................................................................................................................... 106
Allocating FP Blocks for VLAN Processes...................................................................................................................107
Unied Forwarding Table (UFT) Modes...................................................................................................................... 108
Conguring UFT Modes.......................................................................................................................................... 108
7 Access Control Lists (ACLs)........................................................................................................................110
IP Access Control Lists (ACLs)...................................................................................................................................... 111
CAM Usage................................................................................................................................................................112
Implementing ACLs on Dell Networking OS...........................................................................................................112
Important Points to Remember.....................................................................................................................................114
Contents
5
Conguration Task List for Route Maps.................................................................................................................114
Conguring Match Routes.......................................................................................................................................116
Conguring Set Conditions...................................................................................................................................... 117
Congure a Route Map for Route Redistribution..................................................................................................118
Congure a Route Map for Route Tagging............................................................................................................ 119
Continue Clause........................................................................................................................................................ 119
IP Fragment Handling.................................................................................................................................................... 120
IP Fragments ACL Examples...................................................................................................................................120
Layer 4 ACL Rules Examples...................................................................................................................................120
Congure a Standard IP ACL.........................................................................................................................................121
Conguring a Standard IP ACL Filter..................................................................................................................... 122
Congure an Extended IP ACL..................................................................................................................................... 123
Conguring Filters with a Sequence Number....................................................................................................... 123
Conguring Filters Without a Sequence Number.................................................................................................124
Congure Layer 2 and Layer 3 ACLs............................................................................................................................125
Assign an IP ACL to an Interface..................................................................................................................................126
Applying an IP ACL.........................................................................................................................................................126
Counting ACL Hits....................................................................................................................................................127
Congure Ingress ACLs..................................................................................................................................................127
Congure Egress ACLs.................................................................................................................................................. 127
Applying Egress Layer 3 ACLs (Control-Plane).................................................................................................... 128
IP Prex Lists.................................................................................................................................................................. 129
Implementation Information.................................................................................................................................... 129
Conguration Task List for Prex Lists.................................................................................................................. 129
ACL Resequencing......................................................................................................................................................... 133
Resequencing an ACL or Prex List.......................................................................................................................133
Route Maps.....................................................................................................................................................................135
Implementation Information.................................................................................................................................... 135
Logging of ACL Processes............................................................................................................................................ 135
Guidelines for Conguring ACL Logging................................................................................................................136
Conguring ACL Logging.........................................................................................................................................136
Flow-Based Monitoring Support for ACLs.................................................................................................................. 137
Behavior of Flow-Based Monitoring.......................................................................................................................137
Enabling Flow-Based Monitoring............................................................................................................................138
Conguring UDF ACL.................................................................................................................................................... 139
Conguring IP Mirror Access Group............................................................................................................................ 142
Sample Conguration...............................................................................................................................................143
Example of viewing IP mirror–access–group applied to an Interface................................................................143
8 Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD).................................................................................................. 144
How BFD Works............................................................................................................................................................. 144
BFD Packet Format..................................................................................................................................................145
BFD Sessions............................................................................................................................................................ 146
BFD Three-Way Handshake.................................................................................................................................... 147
Session State Changes............................................................................................................................................149
Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................................... 149
6
Contents
Congure BFD................................................................................................................................................................ 149
Congure BFD for Physical Ports.......................................................................................................................... 150
Congure BFD for Static Routes.............................................................................................................................151
Congure BFD for OSPF.........................................................................................................................................154
Congure BFD for OSPFv3.....................................................................................................................................157
Congure BFD for IS-IS...........................................................................................................................................158
Congure BFD for BGP...........................................................................................................................................160
Congure BFD for VRRP.........................................................................................................................................167
Conguring Protocol Liveness................................................................................................................................ 170
Troubleshooting BFD................................................................................................................................................170
9 Border Gateway Protocol IPv4 (BGPv4).....................................................................................................172
Autonomous Systems (AS)........................................................................................................................................... 172
Sessions and Peers.........................................................................................................................................................174
Establish a Session....................................................................................................................................................174
Route Reectors.............................................................................................................................................................175
BGP Attributes................................................................................................................................................................176
Best Path Selection Criteria.................................................................................................................................... 176
Weight........................................................................................................................................................................178
Local Preference....................................................................................................................................................... 178
Multi-Exit Discriminators (MEDs)...........................................................................................................................179
Origin..........................................................................................................................................................................180
AS Path.......................................................................................................................................................................181
Next Hop....................................................................................................................................................................181
Multiprotocol BGP...........................................................................................................................................................181
Implement BGP with Dell Networking OS...................................................................................................................182
Additional Path (Add-Path) Support......................................................................................................................182
Advertise IGP Cost as MED for Redistributed Routes........................................................................................ 182
Ignore Router-ID in Best-Path Calculation............................................................................................................ 183
Four-Byte AS Numbers............................................................................................................................................183
AS4 Number Representation.................................................................................................................................. 183
AS Number Migration.............................................................................................................................................. 185
BGP4 Management Information Base (MIB)........................................................................................................186
Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 186
Conguration Information..............................................................................................................................................187
BGP Conguration..........................................................................................................................................................187
Enabling BGP............................................................................................................................................................ 188
Conguring AS4 Number Representations............................................................................................................191
Conguring Peer Groups.........................................................................................................................................193
Conguring BGP Fast Fall-Over.............................................................................................................................195
Conguring Passive Peering....................................................................................................................................197
Maintaining Existing AS Numbers During an AS Migration................................................................................. 197
Allowing an AS Number to Appear in its Own AS Path.......................................................................................198
Enabling Graceful Restart....................................................................................................................................... 199
Enabling Neighbor Graceful Restart......................................................................................................................200
Filtering on an AS-Path Attribute.......................................................................................................................... 200
Contents
7
Regular Expressions as Filters................................................................................................................................202
Redistributing Routes..............................................................................................................................................203
Enabling Additional Paths....................................................................................................................................... 204
Conguring IP Community Lists............................................................................................................................ 204
Conguring an IP Extended Community List....................................................................................................... 205
Filtering Routes with Community Lists................................................................................................................. 206
Manipulating the COMMUNITY Attribute............................................................................................................ 207
Changing MED Attributes.......................................................................................................................................208
Changing the LOCAL_PREFERENCE Attribute..................................................................................................208
Conguring the local System or a Dierent System to be the Next Hop for BGP-Learned Routes............ 209
Changing the WEIGHT Attribute............................................................................................................................210
Enabling Multipath....................................................................................................................................................210
Filtering BGP Routes................................................................................................................................................210
Filtering BGP Routes Using Route Maps...............................................................................................................212
Filtering BGP Routes Using AS-PATH Information.............................................................................................. 212
Conguring BGP Route Reectors........................................................................................................................ 213
Aggregating Routes..................................................................................................................................................214
Conguring BGP Confederations........................................................................................................................... 214
Enabling Route Flap Dampening.............................................................................................................................215
Changing BGP Timers..............................................................................................................................................217
Enabling BGP Neighbor Soft-Reconguration......................................................................................................217
Enabling or disabling BGP neighbors......................................................................................................................218
Route Map Continue............................................................................................................................................... 220
Enabling MBGP Congurations................................................................................................................................... 220
Congure IPv6 NH Automatically for IPv6 Prex Advertised over IPv4 Neighbor.......................................... 221
BGP Regular Expression Optimization.........................................................................................................................221
Debugging BGP.............................................................................................................................................................. 221
Storing Last and Bad PDUs....................................................................................................................................222
Capturing PDUs....................................................................................................................................................... 223
PDU Counters.......................................................................................................................................................... 224
Sample Congurations.................................................................................................................................................. 224
10 Content Addressable Memory (CAM)....................................................................................................... 231
CAM Allocation............................................................................................................................................................... 231
Test CAM Usage............................................................................................................................................................ 233
View CAM-ACL Settings.............................................................................................................................................. 233
View CAM Usage...........................................................................................................................................................235
CAM Optimization......................................................................................................................................................... 235
Troubleshoot CAM Proling..........................................................................................................................................235
QoS CAM Region Limitation...................................................................................................................................235
11 Control Plane Policing (CoPP).................................................................................................................. 237
Congure Control Plane Policing................................................................................................................................. 238
Conguring CoPP for Protocols............................................................................................................................ 239
Conguring CoPP for CPU Queues....................................................................................................................... 241
CoPP for OSPFv3 Packets.....................................................................................................................................242
8
Contents
Conguring CoPP for OSPFv3.............................................................................................................................. 245
Displaying CoPP Conguration ............................................................................................................................. 245
12 Data Center Bridging (DCB)..................................................................................................................... 248
Ethernet Enhancements in Data Center Bridging..................................................................................................... 248
Priority-Based Flow Control................................................................................................................................... 249
Enhanced Transmission Selection..........................................................................................................................250
Data Center Bridging Exchange Protocol (DCBx)................................................................................................251
Data Center Bridging in a Trac Flow...................................................................................................................252
Enabling Data Center Bridging.....................................................................................................................................252
DCB Maps and its Attributes..................................................................................................................................253
Data Center Bridging: Default Conguration..............................................................................................................254
Conguring Priority-Based Flow Control....................................................................................................................254
Conguring Lossless Queues................................................................................................................................. 255
Conguring PFC in a DCB Map................................................................................................................................... 256
PFC Conguration Notes....................................................................................................................................... 256
PFC Prerequisites and Restrictions....................................................................................................................... 257
Applying a DCB Map on a Port.................................................................................................................................... 257
Conguring PFC without a DCB Map.........................................................................................................................258
Conguring Lossless QueuesExample:..................................................................................................................258
Priority-Based Flow Control Using Dynamic Buer Method................................................................................... 260
Pause and Resume of Trac..................................................................................................................................260
Buer Sizes for Lossless or PFC Packets............................................................................................................ 260
Behavior of Tagged Packets..........................................................................................................................................261
Conguration Example for DSCP and PFC Priorities.................................................................................................261
Using PFC to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac...................................................................................................262
Congure Enhanced Transmission Selection..............................................................................................................262
ETS Prerequisites and Restrictions....................................................................................................................... 262
Creating an ETS Priority Group..............................................................................................................................262
ETS Operation with DCBx......................................................................................................................................264
Conguring Bandwidth Allocation for DCBx CIN.................................................................................................264
Conguring ETS in a DCB Map..............................................................................................................................265
Hierarchical Scheduling in ETS Output Policies.........................................................................................................266
Using ETS to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac................................................................................................... 267
Applying DCB Policies in a Switch Stack.................................................................................................................... 267
Congure a DCBx Operation........................................................................................................................................ 267
DCBx Operation....................................................................................................................................................... 267
DCBx Port Roles...................................................................................................................................................... 268
DCB Conguration Exchange................................................................................................................................ 269
Conguration Source Election............................................................................................................................... 269
Propagation of DCB Information............................................................................................................................270
Auto-Detection and Manual Conguration of the DCBx Version.......................................................................270
DCBx Example.......................................................................................................................................................... 271
DCBx Prerequisites and Restrictions......................................................................................................................271
Conguring DCBx.....................................................................................................................................................271
Verifying the DCB Conguration..................................................................................................................................275
Contents
9
QoS dot1p Trac Classication and Queue Assignment..........................................................................................284
Conguring the Dynamic Buer Method................................................................................................................... 285
Sample DCB Conguration...........................................................................................................................................286
PFC and ETS Conguration Command Examples...............................................................................................288
13 Dynamic Host Conguration Protocol (DHCP).........................................................................................289
DHCP Packet Format and Options............................................................................................................................. 289
Assign an IP Address using DHCP................................................................................................................................291
Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................292
Congure the System to be a DHCP Server..............................................................................................................292
Conguring the Server for Automatic Address Allocation..................................................................................293
Specifying a Default Gateway................................................................................................................................ 294
Congure a Method of Hostname Resolution..................................................................................................... 294
Using DNS for Address Resolution........................................................................................................................294
Using NetBIOS WINS for Address Resolution..................................................................................................... 295
Creating Manual Binding Entries............................................................................................................................295
Debugging the DHCP Server.................................................................................................................................295
Using DHCP Clear Commands.............................................................................................................................. 296
Congure the System to be a Relay Agent................................................................................................................ 296
Congure the System to be a DHCP Client............................................................................................................... 298
Conguring the DHCP Client System...................................................................................................................298
DHCP Client on a Management Interface............................................................................................................299
DHCP Client Operation with Other Features.......................................................................................................300
Congure the System for User Port Stacking (Option 230).................................................................................... 301
Congure Secure DHCP................................................................................................................................................301
Option 82...................................................................................................................................................................301
DHCP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................................302
Drop DHCP Packets on Snooped VLANs Only....................................................................................................305
Dynamic ARP Inspection........................................................................................................................................ 306
Conguring Dynamic ARP Inspection................................................................................................................... 307
Source Address Validation............................................................................................................................................ 308
Enabling IP Source Address Validation..................................................................................................................308
DHCP MAC Source Address Validation................................................................................................................ 309
Enabling IP+MAC Source Address Validation.......................................................................................................309
Viewing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets.................................................................................................... 310
Clearing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets....................................................................................................310
14 Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP)................................................................................................................. 311
ECMP for Flow-Based Anity.......................................................................................................................................311
Conguring the Hash Algorithm..............................................................................................................................311
Enabling Deterministic ECMP Next Hop................................................................................................................311
Conguring the Hash Algorithm Seed................................................................................................................... 312
Link Bundle Monitoring.................................................................................................................................................. 312
Managing ECMP Group Paths................................................................................................................................313
Creating an ECMP Group Bundle...........................................................................................................................313
Modifying the ECMP Group Threshold................................................................................................................. 313
10
Contents
RTAG7..............................................................................................................................................................................314
Flow-based Hashing for ECMP.................................................................................................................................... 315
15 FIP Snooping............................................................................................................................................ 318
Fibre Channel over Ethernet.........................................................................................................................................318
Ensure Robustness in a Converged Ethernet Network.............................................................................................318
FIP Snooping on Ethernet Bridges.............................................................................................................................. 320
FIP Snooping in a Switch Stack...................................................................................................................................322
Using FIP Snooping....................................................................................................................................................... 322
FIP Snooping Prerequisites.....................................................................................................................................322
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................322
Enabling the FCoE Transit Feature........................................................................................................................323
Enable FIP Snooping on VLANs.............................................................................................................................324
Congure the FC-MAP Value.................................................................................................................................324
Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-Bridge Link....................................................................................................... 324
Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-FCF Link...........................................................................................................324
Impact on Other Software Features..................................................................................................................... 324
FIP Snooping Restrictions...................................................................................................................................... 325
Conguring FIP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................325
Displaying FIP Snooping Information...........................................................................................................................326
FCoE Transit Conguration Example........................................................................................................................... 331
16 Flex Hash and Optimized Boot-Up............................................................................................................333
Flex Hash Capability Overview.....................................................................................................................................333
Conguring the Flex Hash Mechanism.......................................................................................................................333
Conguring Fast Boot and LACP Fast Switchover...................................................................................................334
Optimizing the Boot Time.............................................................................................................................................334
Booting Process When Optimized Boot Time Mechanism is Enabled..............................................................334
Guidelines for Conguring Optimized Booting Mechanism................................................................................335
Interoperation of Applications with Fast Boot and System States..........................................................................336
LACP and IPv4 Routing.......................................................................................................................................... 336
LACP and IPv6 Routing.......................................................................................................................................... 336
BGP Graceful Restart..............................................................................................................................................337
Cold Boot Caused by Power Cycling the System................................................................................................337
Unexpected Reload of the System........................................................................................................................337
Software Upgrade....................................................................................................................................................337
LACP Fast Switchover............................................................................................................................................337
Changes to BGP Multipath.................................................................................................................................... 338
Delayed Installation of ECMP Routes Into BGP...................................................................................................338
RDMA Over Converged Ethernet (RoCE) Overview................................................................................................338
Preserving 802.1Q VLAN Tag Value for Lite Subinterfaces...................................................................................... 339
17 FIPS Cryptography...................................................................................................................................340
Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................................... 340
Preparing the System....................................................................................................................................................340
Enabling FIPS Mode.......................................................................................................................................................341
Contents
11
Generating Host-Keys....................................................................................................................................................341
Monitoring FIPS Mode Status...................................................................................................................................... 341
Disabling FIPS Mode..................................................................................................................................................... 342
18 Force10 Resilient Ring Protocol (FRRP)................................................................................................... 343
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................343
Ring Status............................................................................................................................................................... 344
Multiple FRRP Rings................................................................................................................................................344
Important FRRP Points...........................................................................................................................................345
Important FRRP Concepts..................................................................................................................................... 346
Implementing FRRP.......................................................................................................................................................347
FRRP Conguration.......................................................................................................................................................347
Creating the FRRP Group.......................................................................................................................................347
Conguring the Control VLAN...............................................................................................................................348
Conguring and Adding the Member VLANs.......................................................................................................349
Setting the FRRP Timers........................................................................................................................................350
Clearing the FRRP Counters..................................................................................................................................350
Viewing the FRRP Conguration...........................................................................................................................350
Viewing the FRRP Information.............................................................................................................................. 350
Troubleshooting FRRP................................................................................................................................................... 351
Conguration Checks...............................................................................................................................................351
Sample Conguration and Topology.............................................................................................................................351
FRRP Support on VLT...................................................................................................................................................352
Example Scenario.................................................................................................................................................... 353
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 354
19 GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP)..............................................................................................355
Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................... 355
Congure GVRP............................................................................................................................................................ 356
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................356
Enabling GVRP Globally................................................................................................................................................ 357
Enabling GVRP on a Layer 2 Interface........................................................................................................................357
Congure GVRP Registration.......................................................................................................................................357
Congure a GARP Timer.............................................................................................................................................. 358
RPM Redundancy..........................................................................................................................................................358
20 High Availability (HA)...............................................................................................................................360
Component Redundancy..............................................................................................................................................360
Automatic and Manual Stack Unit Failover.......................................................................................................... 360
Synchronization between Management and Standby Units...............................................................................361
Forcing a Stack Unit Failover.................................................................................................................................. 361
Specifying an Auto-Failover Limit..........................................................................................................................362
Disabling Auto-Reboot............................................................................................................................................ 362
Manually Synchronizing Management and Standby Units................................................................................. 362
Pre-Conguring a Stack Unit Slot............................................................................................................................... 362
Removing a Provisioned Logical Stack Unit............................................................................................................... 363
12
Contents
Hitless Behavior............................................................................................................................................................. 363
Graceful Restart.............................................................................................................................................................363
Software Resiliency....................................................................................................................................................... 364
Software Component Health Monitoring............................................................................................................. 364
System Health Monitoring......................................................................................................................................364
Failure and Event Logging.......................................................................................................................................364
Hot-Lock Behavior.........................................................................................................................................................365
21 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP)......................................................................................... 366
IGMP Implementation Information.............................................................................................................................. 366
IGMP Protocol Overview..............................................................................................................................................366
IGMP Version 2........................................................................................................................................................366
IGMP Version 3........................................................................................................................................................ 368
Congure IGMP.............................................................................................................................................................. 371
Related Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................371
Viewing IGMP Enabled Interfaces............................................................................................................................... 372
Selecting an IGMP Version........................................................................................................................................... 372
Viewing IGMP Groups................................................................................................................................................... 372
Adjusting Timers.............................................................................................................................................................373
Adjusting Query and Response Timers..................................................................................................................373
Preventing a Host from Joining a Group.....................................................................................................................374
Enabling IGMP Immediate-Leave.................................................................................................................................377
IGMP Snooping.............................................................................................................................................................. 377
IGMP Snooping Implementation Information........................................................................................................377
Conguring IGMP Snooping................................................................................................................................... 377
Removing a Group-Port Association..................................................................................................................... 378
Disabling Multicast Flooding................................................................................................................................... 378
Specifying a Port as Connected to a Multicast Router.......................................................................................379
Conguring the Switch as Querier.........................................................................................................................379
Fast Convergence after MSTP Topology Changes...................................................................................................380
Egress Interface Selection (EIS) for HTTP and IGMP Applications........................................................................380
Protocol Separation.................................................................................................................................................380
Enabling and Disabling Management Egress Interface Selection.......................................................................381
Handling of Management Route Conguration................................................................................................... 382
Handling of Switch-Initiated Trac....................................................................................................................... 383
Handling of Switch-Destined Trac......................................................................................................................383
Handling of Transit Trac (Trac Separation).................................................................................................... 384
Mapping of Management Applications and Trac Type.....................................................................................384
Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Initiated Trac ............................................................................385
Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Destined Trac ...........................................................................386
Interworking of EIS With Various Applications..................................................................................................... 387
Designating a Multicast Router Interface................................................................................................................... 387
22 Interfaces................................................................................................................................................ 389
Basic Interface Conguration.......................................................................................................................................389
Advanced Interface Conguration...............................................................................................................................389
Contents
13
Interface Types...............................................................................................................................................................390
View Basic Interface Information.................................................................................................................................390
Resetting an Interface to its Factory Default State...................................................................................................392
Enabling a Physical Interface........................................................................................................................................393
Physical Interfaces.........................................................................................................................................................393
Conguration Task List for Physical Interfaces.................................................................................................... 393
Overview of Layer Modes...................................................................................................................................... 393
Conguring Layer 2 (Data Link) Mode..................................................................................................................394
Conguring Layer 2 (Interface) Mode.................................................................................................................. 394
Conguring Layer 3 (Network) Mode...................................................................................................................395
Conguring Layer 3 (Interface) Mode.................................................................................................................. 395
Egress Interface Selection (EIS)..................................................................................................................................396
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 396
Conguring EIS........................................................................................................................................................ 396
Management Interfaces................................................................................................................................................397
Conguring Management Interfaces.....................................................................................................................397
Conguring a Management Interface on an Ethernet Port............................................................................... 398
VLAN Interfaces............................................................................................................................................................ 399
Loopback Interfaces......................................................................................................................................................400
Null Interfaces................................................................................................................................................................ 400
Port Channel Interfaces................................................................................................................................................400
Port Channel Denition and Standards................................................................................................................. 401
Port Channel Benets..............................................................................................................................................401
Port Channel Implementation................................................................................................................................. 401
Interfaces in Port Channels.................................................................................................................................... 402
Conguration Tasks for Port Channel Interfaces.................................................................................................402
Creating a Port Channel..........................................................................................................................................402
Adding a Physical Interface to a Port Channel.....................................................................................................403
Reassigning an Interface to a New Port Channel................................................................................................404
Conguring the Minimum Oper Up Links in a Port Channel.............................................................................. 405
Adding or Removing a Port Channel from a VLAN............................................................................................. 405
Assigning an IP Address to a Port Channel.......................................................................................................... 406
Deleting or Disabling a Port Channel..................................................................................................................... 407
Load Balancing Through Port Channels................................................................................................................407
Changing the Hash Algorithm................................................................................................................................ 407
Bulk Conguration......................................................................................................................................................... 408
Interface Range....................................................................................................................................................... 408
Bulk Conguration Examples..................................................................................................................................408
Dening Interface Range Macros.................................................................................................................................410
Dene the Interface Range.....................................................................................................................................410
Choosing an Interface-Range Macro.....................................................................................................................410
Monitoring and Maintaining Interfaces.........................................................................................................................411
Maintenance Using TDR..........................................................................................................................................412
Non Dell-Qualied Transceivers....................................................................................................................................412
Splitting 40G Ports without Reload............................................................................................................................. 413
14
Contents
Splitting QSFP Ports to SFP+ Ports............................................................................................................................ 414
Converting a QSFP or QSFP+ Port to an SFP or SFP+ Port...................................................................................415
Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 415
Example Scenarios................................................................................................................................................... 415
Conguring wavelength for 10–Gigabit SFP+ optics.................................................................................................417
Link Dampening...............................................................................................................................................................417
Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 417
Enabling Link Dampening.........................................................................................................................................417
Link Bundle Monitoring.................................................................................................................................................. 419
Using Ethernet Pause Frames for Flow Control......................................................................................................... 419
Enabling Pause Frames........................................................................................................................................... 420
Congure the MTU Size on an Interface.....................................................................................................................421
Port-Pipes........................................................................................................................................................................421
Auto-Negotiation on Ethernet Interfaces................................................................................................................... 422
Setting the Speed of Ethernet Interfaces............................................................................................................ 422
Set Auto-Negotiation Options................................................................................................................................423
View Advanced Interface Information.........................................................................................................................424
Conguring the Interface Sampling Size.............................................................................................................. 425
Conguring the Trac Sampling Size Globally...........................................................................................................426
Dynamic Counters..........................................................................................................................................................427
Clearing Interface Counters....................................................................................................................................428
23 Internet Protocol Security (IPSec)...........................................................................................................429
Conguring IPSec .........................................................................................................................................................429
24 IPv4 Routing.............................................................................................................................................431
IP Addresses...................................................................................................................................................................432
Implementation Information....................................................................................................................................432
Conguration Tasks for IP Addresses..........................................................................................................................432
Assigning IP Addresses to an Interface.......................................................................................................................432
Conguring Static Routes.............................................................................................................................................433
Congure Static Routes for the Management Interface.......................................................................................... 434
IPv4 Path MTU Discovery Overview.......................................................................................................................... 435
Using the Congured Source IP Address in ICMP Messages..................................................................................435
Conguring the ICMP Source Interface............................................................................................................... 435
Conguring the Duration to Establish a TCP Connection........................................................................................ 436
Enabling Directed Broadcast........................................................................................................................................ 436
Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................................................436
Enabling Dynamic Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................ 437
Specifying the Local System Domain and a List of Domains....................................................................................437
Conguring DNS with Traceroute................................................................................................................................438
ARP..................................................................................................................................................................................438
Conguration Tasks for ARP........................................................................................................................................ 439
Conguring Static ARP Entries....................................................................................................................................439
Enabling Proxy ARP.......................................................................................................................................................439
Clearing ARP Cache......................................................................................................................................................440
Contents
15
ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP............................................................................................................................... 440
Enabling ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................440
ARP Learning via ARP Request................................................................................................................................... 440
Conguring ARP Retries................................................................................................................................................441
ICMP............................................................................................................................................................................... 442
Conguration Tasks for ICMP...................................................................................................................................... 442
Enabling ICMP Unreachable Messages...................................................................................................................... 442
UDP Helper.....................................................................................................................................................................442
Congure UDP Helper.............................................................................................................................................442
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................443
Enabling UDP Helper.....................................................................................................................................................443
Conguring a Broadcast Address................................................................................................................................ 443
Congurations Using UDP Helper............................................................................................................................... 444
UDP Helper with Broadcast-All Addresses.................................................................................................................444
UDP Helper with Subnet Broadcast Addresses.........................................................................................................445
UDP Helper with Congured Broadcast Addresses..................................................................................................445
UDP Helper with No Congured Broadcast Addresses............................................................................................446
Troubleshooting UDP Helper........................................................................................................................................446
25 IPv6 Routing............................................................................................................................................447
Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 447
Extended Address Space........................................................................................................................................448
Stateless Autoconguration................................................................................................................................... 448
IPv6 Headers............................................................................................................................................................448
IPv6 Header Fields...................................................................................................................................................449
Extension Header Fields.......................................................................................................................................... 451
Addressing................................................................................................................................................................ 452
Implementing IPv6 with Dell Networking OS.............................................................................................................453
ICMPv6...........................................................................................................................................................................454
Path MTU Discovery.....................................................................................................................................................455
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery..............................................................................................................................................455
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery of MTU Packets.......................................................................................................... 456
Conguration Task List for IPv6 RDNSS.................................................................................................................... 456
Conguring the IPv6 Recursive DNS Server....................................................................................................... 456
Debugging IPv6 RDNSS Information Sent to the Host ..................................................................................... 457
Displaying IPv6 RDNSS Information......................................................................................................................458
Secure Shell (SSH) Over an IPv6 Transport.............................................................................................................. 458
Conguration Tasks for IPv6........................................................................................................................................459
Adjusting Your CAM-Prole....................................................................................................................................459
Assigning an IPv6 Address to an Interface...........................................................................................................460
Assigning a Static IPv6 Route................................................................................................................................460
Conguring Telnet with IPv6...................................................................................................................................461
SNMP over IPv6.......................................................................................................................................................461
Displaying IPv6 Information.....................................................................................................................................461
Displaying an IPv6 Interface Information.............................................................................................................. 462
Showing IPv6 Routes..............................................................................................................................................462
16
Contents
Showing the Running-Conguration for an Interface.........................................................................................464
Clearing IPv6 Routes...............................................................................................................................................464
Disabling ND Entry Timeout................................................................................................................................... 464
Conguring IPv6 RA Guard.......................................................................................................................................... 465
Conguring IPv6 RA Guard on an Interface.........................................................................................................466
Monitoring IPv6 RA Guard......................................................................................................................................467
26 iSCSI Optimization.................................................................................................................................. 468
iSCSI Optimization Overview.......................................................................................................................................468
Monitoring iSCSI Trac Flows...............................................................................................................................470
Application of Quality of Service to iSCSI Trac Flows......................................................................................470
Information Monitored in iSCSI Trac Flows....................................................................................................... 470
Detection and Auto-Conguration for Dell EqualLogic Arrays............................................................................471
Conguring Detection and Ports for Dell Compellent Arrays..............................................................................471
Synchronizing iSCSI Sessions Learned on VLT-Lags with VLT-Peer................................................................. 472
Enable and Disable iSCSI Optimization................................................................................................................. 472
Default iSCSI Optimization Values............................................................................................................................... 473
iSCSI Optimization Prerequisites..................................................................................................................................473
Conguring iSCSI Optimization....................................................................................................................................473
Displaying iSCSI Optimization Information..................................................................................................................475
27 Intermediate System to Intermediate System........................................................................................... 477
IS-IS Protocol Overview................................................................................................................................................477
IS-IS Addressing............................................................................................................................................................. 477
Multi-Topology IS-IS.......................................................................................................................................................478
Transition Mode........................................................................................................................................................478
Interface Support.....................................................................................................................................................479
Adjacencies...............................................................................................................................................................479
Graceful Restart.............................................................................................................................................................479
Timers........................................................................................................................................................................479
Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................479
Conguration Information.............................................................................................................................................480
Conguration Tasks for IS-IS.................................................................................................................................. 481
Conguring the Distance of a Route.....................................................................................................................488
Changing the IS-Type.............................................................................................................................................. 489
Redistributing IPv4 Routes......................................................................................................................................491
Redistributing IPv6 Routes.....................................................................................................................................492
Conguring Authentication Passwords.................................................................................................................493
Setting the Overload Bit......................................................................................................................................... 493
Debugging IS-IS....................................................................................................................................................... 494
IS-IS Metric Styles.........................................................................................................................................................495
Congure Metric Values............................................................................................................................................... 495
Maximum Values in the Routing Table.................................................................................................................. 495
Change the IS-IS Metric Style in One Level Only................................................................................................495
Leaks from One Level to Another.......................................................................................................................... 497
Sample Congurations..................................................................................................................................................498
Contents
17
28 Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP).............................................................................................. 500
Introduction to Dynamic LAGs and LACP.................................................................................................................. 500
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 500
LACP Modes.............................................................................................................................................................501
Conguring LACP Commands................................................................................................................................501
LACP Conguration Tasks............................................................................................................................................502
Creating a LAG.........................................................................................................................................................502
Conguring the LAG Interfaces as Dynamic........................................................................................................502
Setting the LACP Long Timeout........................................................................................................................... 503
Monitoring and Debugging LACP..........................................................................................................................503
Shared LAG State Tracking.......................................................................................................................................... 504
Conguring Shared LAG State Tracking...............................................................................................................504
Important Points about Shared LAG State Tracking...........................................................................................506
LACP Basic Conguration Example............................................................................................................................ 506
Congure a LAG on ALPHA...................................................................................................................................506
29 Layer 2..................................................................................................................................................... 515
Manage the MAC Address Table..................................................................................................................................515
Clearing the MAC Address Table............................................................................................................................515
Setting the Aging Time for Dynamic Entries.........................................................................................................515
Conguring a Static MAC Address.........................................................................................................................516
Displaying the MAC Address Table.........................................................................................................................516
MAC Learning Limit........................................................................................................................................................516
Setting the MAC Learning Limit............................................................................................................................. 517
mac learning-limit Dynamic......................................................................................................................................517
mac learning-limit mac-address-sticky.................................................................................................................. 517
mac learning-limit station-move............................................................................................................................. 518
mac learning-limit no-station-move....................................................................................................................... 518
Learning Limit Violation Actions..............................................................................................................................518
Setting Station Move Violation Actions.................................................................................................................519
Recovering from Learning Limit and Station Move Violations............................................................................519
Disabling MAC Address Learning on the System.................................................................................................520
NIC Teaming................................................................................................................................................................... 520
Congure Redundant Pairs........................................................................................................................................... 521
Important Points about Conguring Redundant Pairs........................................................................................ 523
Far-End Failure Detection............................................................................................................................................. 524
FEFD State Changes...............................................................................................................................................525
Conguring FEFD.................................................................................................................................................... 526
Enabling FEFD on an Interface...............................................................................................................................526
Debugging FEFD...................................................................................................................................................... 527
30 Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)..................................................................................................... 529
802.1AB (LLDP) Overview............................................................................................................................................529
Protocol Data Units................................................................................................................................................. 529
Optional TLVs.................................................................................................................................................................530
18
Contents
Management TLVs.................................................................................................................................................. 530
TIA-1057 (LLDP-MED) Overview................................................................................................................................ 532
TIA Organizationally Specic TLVs........................................................................................................................ 532
Congure LLDP............................................................................................................................................................. 536
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................536
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 536
LLDP Compatibility.................................................................................................................................................. 537
CONFIGURATION versus INTERFACE Congurations............................................................................................ 537
Enabling LLDP................................................................................................................................................................ 537
Disabling and Undoing LLDP.................................................................................................................................. 538
Enabling LLDP on Management Ports........................................................................................................................538
Disabling and Undoing LLDP on Management Ports..........................................................................................538
Advertising TLVs............................................................................................................................................................ 538
Viewing the LLDP Conguration................................................................................................................................. 540
Viewing Information Advertised by Adjacent LLDP Agents..................................................................................... 540
Conguring LLDPDU Intervals......................................................................................................................................541
Conguring Transmit and Receive Mode....................................................................................................................542
Conguring the Time to Live Value............................................................................................................................. 542
Debugging LLDP............................................................................................................................................................543
Relevant Management Objects................................................................................................................................... 544
31 Microsoft Network Load Balancing...........................................................................................................549
NLB Unicast Mode Scenario........................................................................................................................................549
NLB Multicast Mode Scenario.....................................................................................................................................549
Limitations of the NLB Feature....................................................................................................................................550
Microsoft Clustering......................................................................................................................................................550
Enable and Disable VLAN Flooding ............................................................................................................................ 550
Conguring a Switch for NLB .....................................................................................................................................550
Enabling a Switch for Multicast NLB.....................................................................................................................551
32 Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP).........................................................................................552
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................552
Anycast RP.....................................................................................................................................................................553
Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 554
Congure Multicast Source Discovery Protocol........................................................................................................554
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................554
Enable MSDP.................................................................................................................................................................558
Manage the Source-Active Cache..............................................................................................................................559
Viewing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................ 559
Limiting the Source-Active Cache.........................................................................................................................559
Clearing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................560
Enabling the Rejected Source-Active Cache.......................................................................................................560
Accept Source-Active Messages that Fail the RFP Check..................................................................................... 560
Specifying Source-Active Messages...........................................................................................................................563
Limiting the Source-Active Messages from a Peer...................................................................................................564
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Local Source.......................................................................................................564
Contents
19
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Remote Source.................................................................................................. 565
Preventing MSDP from Advertising a Local Source................................................................................................. 565
Logging Changes in Peership States...........................................................................................................................566
Terminating a Peership..................................................................................................................................................566
Clearing Peer Statistics.................................................................................................................................................567
Debugging MSDP.......................................................................................................................................................... 567
MSDP with Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................568
Conguring Anycast RP............................................................................................................................................... 569
Reducing Source-Active Message Flooding.........................................................................................................570
Specifying the RP Address Used in SA Messages.............................................................................................. 570
MSDP Sample Congurations......................................................................................................................................572
33 Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP).................................................................................................575
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................575
Spanning Tree Variations...............................................................................................................................................576
Implementation Information....................................................................................................................................576
Congure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol................................................................................................................ 576
Related Conguration Tasks................................................................................................................................... 577
Enable Multiple Spanning Tree Globally.......................................................................................................................577
Adding and Removing Interfaces................................................................................................................................. 577
Creating Multiple Spanning Tree Instances................................................................................................................ 578
Inuencing MSTP Root Selection................................................................................................................................579
Interoperate with Non-Dell Bridges............................................................................................................................. 579
Changing the Region Name or Revision.....................................................................................................................580
Modifying Global Parameters.......................................................................................................................................580
Modifying the Interface Parameters............................................................................................................................ 581
Conguring an EdgePort.............................................................................................................................................. 582
Flush MAC Addresses after a Topology Change....................................................................................................... 583
MSTP Sample Congurations......................................................................................................................................583
Router 1 Running-CongurationRouter 2 Running-CongurationRouter 3 Running-
CongurationSFTOS Example Running-Conguration.......................................................................................584
Debugging and Verifying MSTP Congurations.........................................................................................................587
34 Multicast Features...................................................................................................................................589
Enabling IP Multicast.....................................................................................................................................................589
Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 589
Multicast Policies...........................................................................................................................................................590
IPv4 Multicast Policies............................................................................................................................................590
Understanding Multicast Traceroute (mtrace)...........................................................................................................597
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 598
Printing Multicast Traceroute (mtrace) Paths........................................................................................................... 598
Supported Error Codes.................................................................................................................................................599
mtrace Scenarios...........................................................................................................................................................600
35 Object Tracking....................................................................................................................................... 606
Object Tracking Overview............................................................................................................................................ 606
20
Contents
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