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PowerSwitch S6000

Dell PowerSwitch S6000 User guide

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Dell Configuration Guide for the S6000 System
9.11(0.0)
Notes, cautions, and warnings
NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your product.
CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the problem.
WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.
Copyright © 2016 Dell Inc. or its subsidiaries. All rights reserved. Dell, EMC, and other trademarks are trademarks of Dell Inc. or its subsidiaries. Other
trademarks may be trademarks of their respective owners.
2016 - 12
Rev. A00
Contents
1 About this Guide...........................................................................................................................................35
Audience........................................................................................................................................................................... 35
Conventions......................................................................................................................................................................35
Related Documents......................................................................................................................................................... 35
2 Configuration Fundamentals........................................................................................................................36
Accessing the Command Line........................................................................................................................................36
CLI Modes.........................................................................................................................................................................36
Navigating CLI Modes...............................................................................................................................................38
The do Command............................................................................................................................................................. 41
Undoing Commands.........................................................................................................................................................41
Obtaining Help..................................................................................................................................................................42
Entering and Editing Commands................................................................................................................................... 42
Command History............................................................................................................................................................43
Filtering show Command Outputs.................................................................................................................................43
Example of the grep Keyword..................................................................................................................................43
Multiple Users in Configuration Mode...........................................................................................................................44
3 Getting Started........................................................................................................................................... 45
Console Access................................................................................................................................................................46
Serial Console.............................................................................................................................................................46
Default Configuration...................................................................................................................................................... 47
Configuring a Host Name................................................................................................................................................47
Accessing the System Remotely................................................................................................................................... 47
Accessing the System Remotely............................................................................................................................. 47
Configure the Management Port IP Address.........................................................................................................48
Configure a Management Route............................................................................................................................. 48
Configuring a Username and Password..................................................................................................................48
Configuring the Enable Password................................................................................................................................. 49
Configuration File Management.....................................................................................................................................49
Copy Files to and from the System.........................................................................................................................49
Mounting an NFS File System................................................................................................................................. 50
Save the Running-Configuration............................................................................................................................. 52
Configure the Overload Bit for a Startup Scenario...............................................................................................52
Viewing Files...............................................................................................................................................................52
Managing the File System.............................................................................................................................................. 53
View Command History.................................................................................................................................................. 54
Upgrading Dell Networking OS...................................................................................................................................... 54
Using HTTP for File Transfers....................................................................................................................................... 54
Verify Software Images Before Installation..................................................................................................................55
4 Management................................................................................................................................................57
Contents
3
Configuring Privilege Levels........................................................................................................................................... 57
Creating a Custom Privilege Level.......................................................................................................................... 58
Removing a Command from EXEC Mode..............................................................................................................58
Moving a Command from EXEC Privilege Mode to EXEC Mode....................................................................... 58
Allowing Access to CONFIGURATION Mode Commands................................................................................... 58
Allowing Access to Different Modes.......................................................................................................................58
Applying a Privilege Level to a Username...............................................................................................................60
Applying a Privilege Level to a Terminal Line......................................................................................................... 60
Configuring Logging........................................................................................................................................................ 60
Audit and Security Logs.............................................................................................................................................61
Configuring Logging Format .................................................................................................................................. 63
Setting Up a Secure Connection to a Syslog Server............................................................................................ 63
Log Messages in the Internal Buffer............................................................................................................................. 64
Configuration Task List for System Log Management.........................................................................................64
Disabling System Logging...............................................................................................................................................64
Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server............................................................................................................65
Configuring a UNIX System as a Syslog Server.................................................................................................... 65
Track Login Activity.........................................................................................................................................................65
Restrictions for Tracking Login Activity..................................................................................................................65
Configuring Login Activity Tracking........................................................................................................................ 65
Display Login Statistics............................................................................................................................................. 66
Limit Concurrent Login Sessions................................................................................................................................... 67
Restrictions for Limiting the Number of Concurrent Sessions............................................................................ 67
Configuring Concurrent Session Limit.................................................................................................................... 68
Enabling the System to Clear Existing Sessions....................................................................................................68
Enabling Secured CLI Mode...........................................................................................................................................69
Changing System Logging Settings.............................................................................................................................. 69
Display the Logging Buffer and the Logging Configuration....................................................................................... 70
Configuring a UNIX Logging Facility Level................................................................................................................... 70
Synchronizing Log Messages.........................................................................................................................................72
Enabling Timestamp on Syslog Messages.................................................................................................................... 72
File Transfer Services......................................................................................................................................................73
Configuration Task List for File Transfer Services.................................................................................................73
Enabling the FTP Server........................................................................................................................................... 73
Configuring FTP Server Parameters....................................................................................................................... 73
Configuring FTP Client Parameters.........................................................................................................................74
Terminal Lines...................................................................................................................................................................74
Denying and Permitting Access to a Terminal Line............................................................................................... 75
Configuring Login Authentication for Terminal Lines............................................................................................ 76
Setting Timeout for EXEC Privilege Mode................................................................................................................... 77
Using Telnet to get to Another Network Device......................................................................................................... 77
Lock CONFIGURATION Mode.......................................................................................................................................78
Viewing the Configuration Lock Status.................................................................................................................. 78
Recovering from a Forgotten Password on the S6000............................................................................................. 78
Recovering from a Forgotten Enable Password..........................................................................................................79
4
Contents
Recovering from a Failed Start on the S6000............................................................................................................. 79
Restoring the Factory Default Settings........................................................................................................................80
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................... 80
Restoring Factory Default Environment Variables................................................................................................. 81
5 802.1X......................................................................................................................................................... 83
Port-Authentication Process......................................................................................................................................... 85
EAP over RADIUS......................................................................................................................................................85
Configuring 802.1X.......................................................................................................................................................... 86
Related Configuration Tasks.................................................................................................................................... 86
Important Points to Remember..................................................................................................................................... 86
Enabling 802.1X................................................................................................................................................................87
Configuring dot1x Profile ................................................................................................................................................88
Configuring MAC addresses for a do1x Profile............................................................................................................ 89
Configuring the Static MAB and MAB Profile ............................................................................................................ 89
Configuring Critical VLAN ..............................................................................................................................................90
Configuring Request Identity Re-Transmissions.......................................................................................................... 91
Configuring a Quiet Period after a Failed Authentication......................................................................................91
Forcibly Authorizing or Unauthorizing a Port...............................................................................................................92
Re-Authenticating a Port................................................................................................................................................93
Configuring Timeouts......................................................................................................................................................94
Configuring Dynamic VLAN Assignment with Port Authentication.......................................................................... 95
Guest and Authentication-Fail VLANs.......................................................................................................................... 96
Configuring a Guest VLAN....................................................................................................................................... 96
Configuring an Authentication-Fail VLAN...............................................................................................................96
6 Access Control List (ACL) VLAN Groups and Content Addressable Memory (CAM)...................................98
Optimizing CAM Utilization During the Attachment of ACLs to VLANs..................................................................98
Guidelines for Configuring ACL VLAN Groups.............................................................................................................99
Configuring ACL VLAN Groups and Configuring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters................................................99
Configuring ACL VLAN Groups............................................................................................................................... 99
Configuring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters...................................................................................................... 100
Viewing CAM Usage.......................................................................................................................................................101
Allocating FP Blocks for VLAN Processes.................................................................................................................. 102
7 Access Control Lists (ACLs).......................................................................................................................104
IP Access Control Lists (ACLs)....................................................................................................................................105
CAM Usage...............................................................................................................................................................106
Implementing ACLs on Dell Networking OS......................................................................................................... 106
Important Points to Remember....................................................................................................................................108
Configuration Task List for Route Maps............................................................................................................... 108
Configuring Match Routes.......................................................................................................................................110
Configuring Set Conditions.......................................................................................................................................111
Configure a Route Map for Route Redistribution................................................................................................. 112
Configure a Route Map for Route Tagging........................................................................................................... 113
Continue Clause........................................................................................................................................................ 113
Contents
5
IP Fragment Handling..................................................................................................................................................... 114
IP Fragments ACL Examples................................................................................................................................... 114
Layer 4 ACL Rules Examples................................................................................................................................... 114
Configure a Standard IP ACL........................................................................................................................................ 115
Configuring a Standard IP ACL Filter..................................................................................................................... 116
Configure an Extended IP ACL......................................................................................................................................117
Configuring Filters with a Sequence Number........................................................................................................117
Configuring Filters Without a Sequence Number................................................................................................. 118
Configure Layer 2 and Layer 3 ACLs............................................................................................................................119
Assign an IP ACL to an Interface................................................................................................................................. 120
Applying an IP ACL.........................................................................................................................................................120
Counting ACL Hits.................................................................................................................................................... 121
Configure Ingress ACLs..................................................................................................................................................121
Configure Egress ACLs.................................................................................................................................................. 121
Applying Egress Layer 3 ACLs (Control-Plane)....................................................................................................122
IP Prefix Lists.................................................................................................................................................................. 123
Implementation Information.................................................................................................................................... 123
Configuration Task List for Prefix Lists................................................................................................................. 123
ACL Resequencing......................................................................................................................................................... 127
Resequencing an ACL or Prefix List.......................................................................................................................127
Route Maps.....................................................................................................................................................................129
Implementation Information....................................................................................................................................129
Flow-Based Monitoring Support for ACLs..................................................................................................................129
Behavior of Flow-Based Monitoring...................................................................................................................... 129
Enabling Flow-Based Monitoring............................................................................................................................ 131
Configuring UDF ACL.................................................................................................................................................... 132
Configuring IP Mirror Access Group............................................................................................................................134
Sample Configuration.............................................................................................................................................. 135
Example of viewing IP mirror–access–group applied to an Interface...............................................................135
8 Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD)..................................................................................................136
How BFD Works.............................................................................................................................................................136
BFD Packet Format..................................................................................................................................................137
BFD Sessions............................................................................................................................................................ 138
BFD Three-Way Handshake................................................................................................................................... 139
Session State Changes.............................................................................................................................................141
Important Points to Remember.....................................................................................................................................141
Configure BFD.................................................................................................................................................................141
Configure BFD for Physical Ports.......................................................................................................................... 142
Configure BFD for Static Routes........................................................................................................................... 143
Configure BFD for OSPF.........................................................................................................................................146
Configure BFD for OSPFv3.................................................................................................................................... 149
Configure BFD for IS-IS.......................................................................................................................................... 150
Configure BFD for BGP...........................................................................................................................................152
Configure BFD for VRRP........................................................................................................................................ 159
Configuring Protocol Liveness................................................................................................................................162
6
Contents
Troubleshooting BFD............................................................................................................................................... 162
9 Border Gateway Protocol IPv4 (BGPv4)....................................................................................................164
Autonomous Systems (AS)...........................................................................................................................................164
Sessions and Peers........................................................................................................................................................ 166
Establish a Session...................................................................................................................................................166
Route Reflectors.............................................................................................................................................................167
BGP Attributes............................................................................................................................................................... 168
Best Path Selection Criteria....................................................................................................................................169
Weight........................................................................................................................................................................170
Local Preference...................................................................................................................................................... 170
Multi-Exit Discriminators (MEDs)........................................................................................................................... 171
Origin..........................................................................................................................................................................172
AS Path......................................................................................................................................................................173
Next Hop................................................................................................................................................................... 173
Multiprotocol BGP..........................................................................................................................................................173
Implement BGP with Dell Networking OS...................................................................................................................174
Additional Path (Add-Path) Support..................................................................................................................... 174
Advertise IGP Cost as MED for Redistributed Routes........................................................................................ 174
Ignore Router-ID in Best-Path Calculation............................................................................................................175
Four-Byte AS Numbers........................................................................................................................................... 175
AS4 Number Representation..................................................................................................................................175
AS Number Migration...............................................................................................................................................177
BGP4 Management Information Base (MIB)........................................................................................................178
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................178
Configuration Information............................................................................................................................................. 179
BGP Configuration......................................................................................................................................................... 179
Enabling BGP............................................................................................................................................................ 180
Configuring AS4 Number Representations...........................................................................................................183
Configuring Peer Groups.........................................................................................................................................185
Configuring BGP Fast Fall-Over.............................................................................................................................187
Configuring Passive Peering................................................................................................................................... 189
Maintaining Existing AS Numbers During an AS Migration.................................................................................189
Allowing an AS Number to Appear in its Own AS Path.......................................................................................190
Enabling Graceful Restart........................................................................................................................................ 191
Enabling Neighbor Graceful Restart...................................................................................................................... 192
Filtering on an AS-Path Attribute...........................................................................................................................192
Regular Expressions as Filters................................................................................................................................ 194
Redistributing Routes.............................................................................................................................................. 195
Enabling Additional Paths........................................................................................................................................196
Configuring IP Community Lists.............................................................................................................................196
Configuring an IP Extended Community List........................................................................................................197
Filtering Routes with Community Lists..................................................................................................................198
Manipulating the COMMUNITY Attribute.............................................................................................................199
Changing MED Attributes...................................................................................................................................... 200
Changing the LOCAL_PREFERENCE Attribute................................................................................................. 200
Contents
7
Configuring the local System or a Different System to be the Next Hop for BGP-Learned Routes............201
Changing the WEIGHT Attribute...........................................................................................................................202
Enabling Multipath...................................................................................................................................................202
Filtering BGP Routes...............................................................................................................................................202
Filtering BGP Routes Using Route Maps............................................................................................................. 204
Filtering BGP Routes Using AS-PATH Information.............................................................................................204
Configuring BGP Route Reflectors.......................................................................................................................205
Aggregating Routes................................................................................................................................................ 206
Configuring BGP Confederations..........................................................................................................................206
Enabling Route Flap Dampening............................................................................................................................ 207
Changing BGP Timers.............................................................................................................................................209
Enabling BGP Neighbor Soft-Reconfiguration.................................................................................................... 209
Enabling or disabling BGP neighbors..................................................................................................................... 210
Route Map Continue................................................................................................................................................212
Enabling MBGP Configurations....................................................................................................................................212
BGP Regular Expression Optimization.........................................................................................................................213
Debugging BGP.............................................................................................................................................................. 213
Storing Last and Bad PDUs.................................................................................................................................... 214
Capturing PDUs........................................................................................................................................................215
PDU Counters...........................................................................................................................................................216
Sample Configurations...................................................................................................................................................216
10 Content Addressable Memory (CAM)...................................................................................................... 223
CAM Allocation.............................................................................................................................................................. 223
Test CAM Usage........................................................................................................................................................... 225
View CAM Profiles........................................................................................................................................................ 225
View CAM-ACL Settings..............................................................................................................................................226
View CAM Usage...........................................................................................................................................................227
CAM Optimization......................................................................................................................................................... 228
Troubleshoot CAM Profiling.........................................................................................................................................228
QoS CAM Region Limitation.................................................................................................................................. 228
Syslog Error When the Table is Full.......................................................................................................................228
Syslog Warning Upon 90 Percent Utilization of CAM........................................................................................ 229
Syslog Warning for Discrepancies Between Configured Extended Prefixes...................................................229
Unified Forwarding Table (UFT) Modes.....................................................................................................................229
Configuring UFT Modes......................................................................................................................................... 229
11 Control Plane Policing (CoPP).................................................................................................................. 231
Configure Control Plane Policing.................................................................................................................................232
Configuring CoPP for Protocols............................................................................................................................233
Configuring CoPP for CPU Queues......................................................................................................................235
Protocol to CPU Queue Mapping..........................................................................................................................236
Configuring Protocol to CPU Queue Mapping.................................................................................................... 236
Displaying CoPP Configuration ............................................................................................................................. 237
12 Data Center Bridging (DCB).....................................................................................................................239
8
Contents
Ethernet Enhancements in Data Center Bridging.....................................................................................................239
Priority-Based Flow Control...................................................................................................................................240
Enhanced Transmission Selection..........................................................................................................................241
Data Center Bridging Exchange Protocol (DCBx).............................................................................................. 242
Data Center Bridging in a Traffic Flow................................................................................................................. 243
Enabling Data Center Bridging.....................................................................................................................................243
DCB Maps and its Attributes................................................................................................................................. 244
Data Center Bridging: Default Configuration.............................................................................................................245
Configuring Priority-Based Flow Control....................................................................................................................245
Configuring Lossless Queues....................................................................................................................................... 246
Configuring PFC in a DCB Map................................................................................................................................... 248
PFC Configuration Notes....................................................................................................................................... 248
PFC Prerequisites and Restrictions.......................................................................................................................249
Configuring PFC without a DCB Map.........................................................................................................................249
Configuring Lossless QueuesExample:................................................................................................................. 249
Priority-Based Flow Control Using Dynamic Buffer Method..............................................................................251
Behavior of Tagged Packets........................................................................................................................................252
Configuration Example for DSCP and PFC Priorities............................................................................................... 252
SNMP Support for PFC and Buffer Statistics Tracking...........................................................................................253
Performing PFC Using DSCP Bits Instead of 802.1p Bits........................................................................................254
PFC and ETS Configuration Examples....................................................................................................................... 254
Using PFC to Manage Converged Ethernet Traffic................................................................................................. 254
Operations on Untagged Packets............................................................................................................................... 255
Generation of PFC for a Priority for Untagged Packets..........................................................................................255
Configure Enhanced Transmission Selection.............................................................................................................255
ETS Prerequisites and Restrictions.......................................................................................................................255
Creating an ETS Priority Group.............................................................................................................................256
ETS Operation with DCBx......................................................................................................................................257
Configuring Bandwidth Allocation for DCBx CIN................................................................................................ 257
Configuring ETS in a DCB Map............................................................................................................................. 258
Hierarchical Scheduling in ETS Output Policies.........................................................................................................259
Using ETS to Manage Converged Ethernet Traffic..................................................................................................260
Applying DCB Policies in a Switch Stack....................................................................................................................260
Configure a DCBx Operation....................................................................................................................................... 260
DCBx Operation.......................................................................................................................................................260
DCBx Port Roles.......................................................................................................................................................261
DCB Configuration Exchange................................................................................................................................ 262
Configuration Source Election............................................................................................................................... 262
Propagation of DCB Information........................................................................................................................... 263
Auto-Detection and Manual Configuration of the DCBx Version..................................................................... 263
DCBx Example......................................................................................................................................................... 264
DCBx Prerequisites and Restrictions.................................................................................................................... 264
Configuring DCBx....................................................................................................................................................264
Verifying the DCB Configuration.................................................................................................................................268
QoS dot1p Traffic Classification and Queue Assignment......................................................................................... 277
Contents
9
Configuring the Dynamic Buffer Method................................................................................................................... 277
Sample DCB Configuration...........................................................................................................................................278
PFC and ETS Configuration Command Examples.............................................................................................. 280
13 Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)......................................................................................... 281
DHCP Packet Format and Options..............................................................................................................................281
Assign an IP Address using DHCP...............................................................................................................................283
Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 284
Configure the System to be a DHCP Server............................................................................................................. 284
Configuring the Server for Automatic Address Allocation................................................................................. 285
Specifying a Default Gateway................................................................................................................................286
Configure a Method of Hostname Resolution..................................................................................................... 286
Using DNS for Address Resolution........................................................................................................................286
Using NetBIOS WINS for Address Resolution..................................................................................................... 287
Creating Manual Binding Entries............................................................................................................................287
Debugging the DHCP Server................................................................................................................................. 287
Using DHCP Clear Commands.............................................................................................................................. 288
Configure the System to be a DHCP Client...............................................................................................................288
Configuring the DHCP Client System...................................................................................................................288
DHCP Client on a Management Interface............................................................................................................290
DHCP Client Operation with Other Features...................................................................................................... 290
Configure the System for User Port Stacking (Option 230)................................................................................... 291
Configure Secure DHCP............................................................................................................................................... 291
Option 82..................................................................................................................................................................292
DHCP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................................292
Configuring the DHCP secondary-subnet............................................................................................................296
Drop DHCP Packets on Snooped VLANs Only................................................................................................... 296
Dynamic ARP Inspection.........................................................................................................................................297
Configuring Dynamic ARP Inspection................................................................................................................... 298
Source Address Validation............................................................................................................................................299
Enabling IP Source Address Validation................................................................................................................. 299
DHCP MAC Source Address Validation............................................................................................................... 300
Enabling IP+MAC Source Address Validation......................................................................................................300
Viewing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets....................................................................................................301
Clearing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets................................................................................................... 301
14 Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP)................................................................................................................302
ECMP for Flow-Based Affinity.................................................................................................................................... 302
Configuring the Hash Algorithm............................................................................................................................ 302
Enabling Deterministic ECMP Next Hop.............................................................................................................. 302
Configuring the Hash Algorithm Seed.................................................................................................................. 303
Link Bundle Monitoring................................................................................................................................................. 303
Managing ECMP Group Paths.............................................................................................................................. 304
Creating an ECMP Group Bundle..........................................................................................................................304
Modifying the ECMP Group Threshold................................................................................................................ 304
Support for /128 IPv6 and /32 IPv4 Prefixes in Layer 3 Host Table and LPM Table....................................305
10
Contents
Support for ECMP in host table............................................................................................................................306
Support for moving /128 IPv6 Prefixes and /32 IPv4 Prefixes ....................................................................... 306
RTAG7.............................................................................................................................................................................306
Flow-based Hashing for ECMP................................................................................................................................... 307
15 FIP Snooping............................................................................................................................................ 310
Fibre Channel over Ethernet.........................................................................................................................................310
Ensure Robustness in a Converged Ethernet Network............................................................................................ 310
FIP Snooping on Ethernet Bridges...............................................................................................................................312
FIP Snooping in a Switch Stack....................................................................................................................................314
Using FIP Snooping........................................................................................................................................................314
FIP Snooping Prerequisites..................................................................................................................................... 314
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................314
Enabling the FCoE Transit Feature........................................................................................................................315
Enable FIP Snooping on VLANs..............................................................................................................................316
Configure the FC-MAP Value.................................................................................................................................316
Configure a Port for a Bridge-to-Bridge Link....................................................................................................... 316
Configure a Port for a Bridge-to-FCF Link...........................................................................................................316
Impact on Other Software Features......................................................................................................................316
FIP Snooping Restrictions....................................................................................................................................... 317
Configuring FIP Snooping........................................................................................................................................317
Displaying FIP Snooping Information........................................................................................................................... 318
FCoE Transit Configuration Example..........................................................................................................................323
16 Flex Hash and Optimized Boot-Up........................................................................................................... 325
Flex Hash Capability Overview.................................................................................................................................... 325
Configuring the Flex Hash Mechanism.......................................................................................................................325
Configuring Fast Boot and LACP Fast Switchover...................................................................................................326
Optimizing the Boot Time.............................................................................................................................................326
Booting Process When Optimized Boot Time Mechanism is Enabled..............................................................326
Guidelines for Configuring Optimized Booting Mechanism................................................................................327
Interoperation of Applications with Fast Boot and System States.........................................................................328
LACP and IPv4 Routing.......................................................................................................................................... 328
LACP and IPv6 Routing.......................................................................................................................................... 328
BGP Graceful Restart............................................................................................................................................. 329
Cold Boot Caused by Power Cycling the System............................................................................................... 329
Unexpected Reload of the System....................................................................................................................... 329
Software Upgrade...................................................................................................................................................329
LACP Fast Switchover........................................................................................................................................... 329
Changes to BGP Multipath.................................................................................................................................... 330
Delayed Installation of ECMP Routes Into BGP.................................................................................................. 330
RDMA Over Converged Ethernet (RoCE) Overview...............................................................................................330
Preserving 802.1Q VLAN Tag Value for Lite Subinterfaces..................................................................................... 331
17 Force10 Resilient Ring Protocol (FRRP)...................................................................................................332
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................332
Contents
11
Ring Status...............................................................................................................................................................333
Multiple FRRP Rings................................................................................................................................................333
Important FRRP Points...........................................................................................................................................334
Important FRRP Concepts.....................................................................................................................................335
Implementing FRRP.......................................................................................................................................................336
FRRP Configuration...................................................................................................................................................... 336
Creating the FRRP Group...................................................................................................................................... 336
Configuring the Control VLAN...............................................................................................................................337
Configuring and Adding the Member VLANs.......................................................................................................338
Setting the FRRP Timers........................................................................................................................................339
Clearing the FRRP Counters..................................................................................................................................339
Viewing the FRRP Configuration...........................................................................................................................339
Viewing the FRRP Information.............................................................................................................................. 339
Troubleshooting FRRP..................................................................................................................................................340
Configuration Checks..............................................................................................................................................340
Sample Configuration and Topology........................................................................................................................... 340
FRRP Support on VLT...................................................................................................................................................341
Example Scenario.................................................................................................................................................... 342
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 343
18 GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP)............................................................................................. 344
Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................... 344
Configure GVRP............................................................................................................................................................ 345
Related Configuration Tasks..................................................................................................................................345
Enabling GVRP Globally................................................................................................................................................ 346
Enabling GVRP on a Layer 2 Interface....................................................................................................................... 346
Configure GVRP Registration...................................................................................................................................... 346
Configure a GARP Timer.............................................................................................................................................. 347
19 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP).........................................................................................348
IGMP Implementation Information.............................................................................................................................. 348
IGMP Protocol Overview..............................................................................................................................................348
IGMP Version 2........................................................................................................................................................348
IGMP Version 3........................................................................................................................................................350
Configure IGMP.............................................................................................................................................................353
Related Configuration Tasks..................................................................................................................................353
Viewing IGMP Enabled Interfaces...............................................................................................................................354
Selecting an IGMP Version...........................................................................................................................................354
Viewing IGMP Groups...................................................................................................................................................354
Viewing IGMP Snooping Groups................................................................................................................................. 355
Adjusting Timers............................................................................................................................................................ 355
Adjusting Query and Response Timers.................................................................................................................355
Enabling IGMP Immediate-Leave................................................................................................................................356
IGMP Snooping..............................................................................................................................................................356
IGMP Snooping Implementation Information.......................................................................................................356
Configuring IGMP Snooping...................................................................................................................................357
12
Contents
Removing a Group-Port Association.....................................................................................................................357
Disabling Multicast Flooding...................................................................................................................................358
Specifying a Port as Connected to a Multicast Router......................................................................................358
Configuring the Switch as Querier........................................................................................................................358
Fast Convergence after MSTP Topology Changes..................................................................................................359
Egress Interface Selection (EIS) for HTTP and IGMP Applications....................................................................... 359
Protocol Separation................................................................................................................................................ 360
Enabling and Disabling Management Egress Interface Selection...................................................................... 361
Handling of Management Route Configuration....................................................................................................361
Handling of Switch-Initiated Traffic......................................................................................................................362
Handling of Switch-Destined Traffic.....................................................................................................................363
Handling of Transit Traffic (Traffic Separation)..................................................................................................363
Mapping of Management Applications and Traffic Type................................................................................... 363
Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Initiated Traffic ...........................................................................364
Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Destined Traffic .........................................................................365
Interworking of EIS With Various Applications.................................................................................................... 366
Designating a Multicast Router Interface...................................................................................................................367
20 Interfaces................................................................................................................................................ 368
Basic Interface Configuration...................................................................................................................................... 368
Advanced Interface Configuration.............................................................................................................................. 368
Interface Types..............................................................................................................................................................369
View Basic Interface Information................................................................................................................................ 369
Resetting an Interface to its Factory Default State...................................................................................................371
Enabling a Physical Interface........................................................................................................................................372
Physical Interfaces.........................................................................................................................................................372
Configuration Task List for Physical Interfaces................................................................................................... 372
40G to 1G Breakout Cable Adaptor.......................................................................................................................372
Overview of Layer Modes...................................................................................................................................... 373
Configuring Layer 2 (Data Link) Mode................................................................................................................. 373
Configuring Layer 2 (Interface) Mode.................................................................................................................. 374
Configuring Layer 3 (Network) Mode...................................................................................................................374
Configuring Layer 3 (Interface) Mode..................................................................................................................375
Egress Interface Selection (EIS)..................................................................................................................................375
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 376
Configuring EIS........................................................................................................................................................ 376
Management Interfaces................................................................................................................................................376
Configuring Management Interfaces.................................................................................................................... 376
Configuring a Management Interface on an Ethernet Port............................................................................... 378
VLAN Interfaces.............................................................................................................................................................379
Loopback Interfaces......................................................................................................................................................379
Null Interfaces................................................................................................................................................................380
Port Channel Interfaces................................................................................................................................................380
Port Channel Definition and Standards................................................................................................................ 380
Port Channel Benefits.............................................................................................................................................380
Port Channel Implementation................................................................................................................................. 381
Contents
13
Interfaces in Port Channels.....................................................................................................................................381
Configuration Tasks for Port Channel Interfaces................................................................................................382
Creating a Port Channel......................................................................................................................................... 382
Adding a Physical Interface to a Port Channel.................................................................................................... 382
Reassigning an Interface to a New Port Channel................................................................................................384
Configuring the Minimum Oper Up Links in a Port Channel..............................................................................385
Adding or Removing a Port Channel from a VLAN.............................................................................................385
Assigning an IP Address to a Port Channel..........................................................................................................386
Deleting or Disabling a Port Channel.....................................................................................................................386
Load Balancing Through Port Channels............................................................................................................... 387
Changing the Hash Algorithm................................................................................................................................ 387
Bulk Configuration......................................................................................................................................................... 388
Interface Range....................................................................................................................................................... 388
Bulk Configuration Examples................................................................................................................................. 388
Defining Interface Range Macros................................................................................................................................390
Define the Interface Range....................................................................................................................................390
Choosing an Interface-Range Macro....................................................................................................................390
Monitoring and Maintaining Interfaces.......................................................................................................................390
Maintenance Using TDR..........................................................................................................................................391
Splitting 40G Ports without Reload............................................................................................................................ 392
Splitting QSFP Ports to SFP+ Ports...........................................................................................................................394
Converting a QSFP or QSFP+ Port to an SFP or SFP+ Port................................................................................. 395
Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................395
Example Scenarios.................................................................................................................................................. 396
Configuring wavelength for 10–Gigabit SFP+ optics............................................................................................... 399
Link Dampening............................................................................................................................................................. 400
Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................400
Enabling Link Dampening........................................................................................................................................400
Link Bundle Monitoring................................................................................................................................................. 402
Using Ethernet Pause Frames for Flow Control........................................................................................................402
Enabling Pause Frames...........................................................................................................................................403
Configure the MTU Size on an Interface................................................................................................................... 403
Port-Pipes...................................................................................................................................................................... 404
Auto-Negotiation on Ethernet Interfaces...................................................................................................................404
Setting the Speed of Ethernet Interfaces............................................................................................................405
Set Auto-Negotiation Options............................................................................................................................... 406
View Advanced Interface Information........................................................................................................................ 407
Configuring the Interface Sampling Size.............................................................................................................. 407
Configuring the Traffic Sampling Size Globally..........................................................................................................408
Dynamic Counters..........................................................................................................................................................410
Clearing Interface Counters....................................................................................................................................410
Compressing Configuration Files...................................................................................................................................411
21 IPv4 Routing............................................................................................................................................. 414
IP Addresses................................................................................................................................................................... 415
Implementation Information....................................................................................................................................415
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Configuration Tasks for IP Addresses......................................................................................................................... 415
Assigning IP Addresses to an Interface.......................................................................................................................415
Configuring Static Routes.............................................................................................................................................416
Configure Static Routes for the Management Interface.......................................................................................... 417
Using the Configured Source IP Address in ICMP Messages.................................................................................. 418
Configuring the ICMP Source Interface................................................................................................................418
Configuring the Duration to Establish a TCP Connection.........................................................................................418
Enabling Directed Broadcast.........................................................................................................................................419
Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................................................ 419
Enabling Dynamic Resolution of Host Names.............................................................................................................419
Specifying the Local System Domain and a List of Domains...................................................................................420
Configuring DNS with Traceroute...............................................................................................................................420
ARP.................................................................................................................................................................................. 421
Configuration Tasks for ARP........................................................................................................................................ 421
Configuring Static ARP Entries.................................................................................................................................... 421
Enabling Proxy ARP.......................................................................................................................................................422
Clearing ARP Cache......................................................................................................................................................422
ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP............................................................................................................................... 422
Enabling ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................423
ARP Learning via ARP Request................................................................................................................................... 423
Configuring ARP Retries...............................................................................................................................................424
ICMP............................................................................................................................................................................... 424
Configuration Tasks for ICMP..................................................................................................................................... 424
Enabling ICMP Unreachable Messages...................................................................................................................... 424
UDP Helper.....................................................................................................................................................................425
Configure UDP Helper............................................................................................................................................ 425
Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................425
Enabling UDP Helper.....................................................................................................................................................425
Configuring a Broadcast Address................................................................................................................................426
Configurations Using UDP Helper............................................................................................................................... 426
UDP Helper with Broadcast-All Addresses................................................................................................................ 426
UDP Helper with Subnet Broadcast Addresses.........................................................................................................427
UDP Helper with Configured Broadcast Addresses..................................................................................................427
UDP Helper with No Configured Broadcast Addresses........................................................................................... 428
Troubleshooting UDP Helper....................................................................................................................................... 428
22 IPv6 Routing............................................................................................................................................429
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................429
Extended Address Space....................................................................................................................................... 430
Stateless Autoconfiguration...................................................................................................................................430
IPv6 Headers............................................................................................................................................................430
Longest Prefix Match (LPM) Table and IPv6 /65 – /128 support................................................................... 431
IPv6 Header Fields...................................................................................................................................................432
Extension Header Fields..........................................................................................................................................434
Addressing................................................................................................................................................................435
Implementing IPv6 with Dell Networking OS.............................................................................................................436
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ICMPv6........................................................................................................................................................................... 437
Path MTU Discovery.....................................................................................................................................................438
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery.............................................................................................................................................. 438
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery of MTU Packets.......................................................................................................... 439
Configuring the IPv6 Recursive DNS Server.......................................................................................................439
Debugging IPv6 RDNSS Information Sent to the Host .....................................................................................440
Displaying IPv6 RDNSS Information..................................................................................................................... 440
Secure Shell (SSH) Over an IPv6 Transport.............................................................................................................. 441
Configuration Tasks for IPv6........................................................................................................................................ 441
Adjusting Your CAM-Profile....................................................................................................................................441
Assigning an IPv6 Address to an Interface...........................................................................................................442
Assigning a Static IPv6 Route................................................................................................................................443
Configuring Telnet with IPv6................................................................................................................................. 443
SNMP over IPv6......................................................................................................................................................443
Displaying IPv6 Information....................................................................................................................................444
Displaying an IPv6 Interface Information..............................................................................................................444
Showing IPv6 Routes..............................................................................................................................................445
Showing the Running-Configuration for an Interface.........................................................................................446
Clearing IPv6 Routes...............................................................................................................................................447
Configuring IPv6 RA Guard.......................................................................................................................................... 447
Configuring IPv6 RA Guard on an Interface.........................................................................................................449
Monitoring IPv6 RA Guard..................................................................................................................................... 449
23 iSCSI Optimization.................................................................................................................................. 450
iSCSI Optimization Overview.......................................................................................................................................450
Monitoring iSCSI Traffic Flows..............................................................................................................................452
Application of Quality of Service to iSCSI Traffic Flows.................................................................................... 452
Information Monitored in iSCSI Traffic Flows......................................................................................................452
Detection and Auto-Configuration for Dell EqualLogic Arrays.......................................................................... 453
Configuring Detection and Ports for Dell Compellent Arrays............................................................................ 453
Synchronizing iSCSI Sessions Learned on VLT-Lags with VLT-Peer...............................................................454
Enable and Disable iSCSI Optimization.................................................................................................................454
Default iSCSI Optimization Values.............................................................................................................................. 455
iSCSI Optimization Prerequisites.................................................................................................................................455
Configuring iSCSI Optimization................................................................................................................................... 455
Displaying iSCSI Optimization Information................................................................................................................. 457
24 Intermediate System to Intermediate System..........................................................................................459
IS-IS Protocol Overview...............................................................................................................................................459
IS-IS Addressing............................................................................................................................................................ 459
Multi-Topology IS-IS..................................................................................................................................................... 460
Transition Mode.......................................................................................................................................................460
Interface Support..................................................................................................................................................... 461
Adjacencies............................................................................................................................................................... 461
Graceful Restart............................................................................................................................................................. 461
Timers........................................................................................................................................................................ 461
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Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................461
Configuration Information.............................................................................................................................................462
Configuration Tasks for IS-IS.................................................................................................................................463
Configuring the Distance of a Route.....................................................................................................................470
Changing the IS-Type.............................................................................................................................................. 471
Redistributing IPv4 Routes.....................................................................................................................................473
Redistributing IPv6 Routes.....................................................................................................................................474
Configuring Authentication Passwords................................................................................................................ 475
Setting the Overload Bit......................................................................................................................................... 475
Debugging IS-IS....................................................................................................................................................... 476
IS-IS Metric Styles......................................................................................................................................................... 477
Configure Metric Values............................................................................................................................................... 477
Maximum Values in the Routing Table..................................................................................................................478
Change the IS-IS Metric Style in One Level Only................................................................................................478
Leaks from One Level to Another......................................................................................................................... 479
Sample Configurations..................................................................................................................................................480
25 Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP)..............................................................................................483
Introduction to Dynamic LAGs and LACP.................................................................................................................. 483
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 483
LACP Modes............................................................................................................................................................ 484
Configuring LACP Commands............................................................................................................................... 484
LACP Configuration Tasks........................................................................................................................................... 485
Creating a LAG........................................................................................................................................................ 485
Configuring the LAG Interfaces as Dynamic........................................................................................................485
Setting the LACP Long Timeout........................................................................................................................... 486
Monitoring and Debugging LACP..........................................................................................................................486
Shared LAG State Tracking..........................................................................................................................................487
Configuring Shared LAG State Tracking.............................................................................................................. 487
Important Points about Shared LAG State Tracking..........................................................................................489
LACP Basic Configuration Example............................................................................................................................ 489
Configure a LAG on ALPHA...................................................................................................................................489
26 Layer 2.................................................................................................................................................... 498
Manage the MAC Address Table................................................................................................................................ 498
Clearing the MAC Address Table.......................................................................................................................... 498
Setting the Aging Time for Dynamic Entries........................................................................................................498
Configuring a Static MAC Address....................................................................................................................... 499
Displaying the MAC Address Table....................................................................................................................... 499
MAC Learning Limit.......................................................................................................................................................499
Setting the MAC Learning Limit............................................................................................................................500
mac learning-limit Dynamic.................................................................................................................................... 500
mac learning-limit mac-address-sticky.................................................................................................................500
mac learning-limit station-move.............................................................................................................................501
mac learning-limit no-station-move.......................................................................................................................501
Learning Limit Violation Actions............................................................................................................................. 501
Contents
17
Setting Station Move Violation Actions................................................................................................................502
Recovering from Learning Limit and Station Move Violations.......................................................................... 502
Disabling MAC Address Learning on the System................................................................................................503
NIC Teaming.................................................................................................................................................................. 503
Configure Redundant Pairs..........................................................................................................................................504
Important Points about Configuring Redundant Pairs........................................................................................506
Far-End Failure Detection.............................................................................................................................................507
FEFD State Changes.............................................................................................................................................. 508
Configuring FEFD....................................................................................................................................................509
Enabling FEFD on an Interface.............................................................................................................................. 509
Debugging FEFD...................................................................................................................................................... 510
27 Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)......................................................................................................512
802.1AB (LLDP) Overview............................................................................................................................................512
Protocol Data Units..................................................................................................................................................512
Optional TLVs................................................................................................................................................................. 513
Management TLVs...................................................................................................................................................513
TIA-1057 (LLDP-MED) Overview................................................................................................................................515
TIA Organizationally Specific TLVs........................................................................................................................ 515
Configure LLDP..............................................................................................................................................................519
Related Configuration Tasks...................................................................................................................................519
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................519
LLDP Compatibility..................................................................................................................................................520
CONFIGURATION versus INTERFACE Configurations........................................................................................... 520
Enabling LLDP................................................................................................................................................................520
Disabling and Undoing LLDP...................................................................................................................................521
Enabling LLDP on Management Ports........................................................................................................................ 521
Disabling and Undoing LLDP on Management Ports...........................................................................................521
Advertising TLVs............................................................................................................................................................ 521
Viewing the LLDP Configuration................................................................................................................................. 523
Viewing Information Advertised by Adjacent LLDP Agents.....................................................................................523
Configuring LLDPDU Intervals.....................................................................................................................................524
Configuring Transmit and Receive Mode...................................................................................................................525
Configuring the Time to Live Value.............................................................................................................................525
Debugging LLDP............................................................................................................................................................526
Relevant Management Objects................................................................................................................................... 527
28 Microsoft Network Load Balancing..........................................................................................................532
NLB Unicast Mode Scenario........................................................................................................................................532
NLB Multicast Mode Scenario.....................................................................................................................................532
Limitations of the NLB Feature................................................................................................................................... 533
Microsoft Clustering......................................................................................................................................................533
Enable and Disable VLAN Flooding ............................................................................................................................ 533
Configuring a Switch for NLB .....................................................................................................................................533
Enabling a Switch for Multicast NLB.................................................................................................................... 534
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Contents
29 Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP)........................................................................................ 535
Protocol Overview........................................................................................................................................................ 535
Anycast RP.....................................................................................................................................................................536
Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 537
Configure Multicast Source Discovery Protocol....................................................................................................... 537
Related Configuration Tasks.................................................................................................................................. 537
Enable MSDP..................................................................................................................................................................541
Manage the Source-Active Cache..............................................................................................................................542
Viewing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................ 542
Limiting the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................ 542
Clearing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................543
Enabling the Rejected Source-Active Cache.......................................................................................................543
Accept Source-Active Messages that Fail the RFP Check..................................................................................... 543
Specifying Source-Active Messages.......................................................................................................................... 546
Limiting the Source-Active Messages from a Peer.................................................................................................. 547
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Local Source...................................................................................................... 547
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Remote Source..................................................................................................548
Preventing MSDP from Advertising a Local Source.................................................................................................548
Logging Changes in Peership States.......................................................................................................................... 549
Terminating a Peership.................................................................................................................................................549
Clearing Peer Statistics................................................................................................................................................ 550
Debugging MSDP..........................................................................................................................................................550
MSDP with Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................ 551
Configuring Anycast RP............................................................................................................................................... 552
Reducing Source-Active Message Flooding........................................................................................................ 553
Specifying the RP Address Used in SA Messages..............................................................................................553
MSDP Sample Configurations..................................................................................................................................... 555
30 Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP)............................................................................................... 558
Protocol Overview........................................................................................................................................................ 558
Spanning Tree Variations..............................................................................................................................................559
Implementation Information...................................................................................................................................559
Configure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol...............................................................................................................559
Related Configuration Tasks..................................................................................................................................560
Enable Multiple Spanning Tree Globally......................................................................................................................560
Adding and Removing Interfaces................................................................................................................................ 560
Creating Multiple Spanning Tree Instances................................................................................................................ 561
Influencing MSTP Root Selection............................................................................................................................... 562
Interoperate with Non-Dell Bridges............................................................................................................................ 562
Changing the Region Name or Revision.....................................................................................................................563
Modifying Global Parameters.......................................................................................................................................563
Modifying the Interface Parameters...........................................................................................................................564
Configuring an EdgePort..............................................................................................................................................565
Flush MAC Addresses after a Topology Change...................................................................................................... 566
MSTP Sample Configurations......................................................................................................................................566
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19
Router 1 Running-ConfigurationRouter 2 Running-ConfigurationRouter 3 Running-
ConfigurationSFTOS Example Running-Configuration.......................................................................................567
Debugging and Verifying MSTP Configurations........................................................................................................570
31 Multicast Features................................................................................................................................... 572
Enabling IP Multicast.....................................................................................................................................................572
Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 572
Multicast Policies........................................................................................................................................................... 573
IPv4 Multicast Policies............................................................................................................................................ 573
Understanding Multicast Traceroute (mtrace)......................................................................................................... 580
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................581
Printing Multicast Traceroute (mtrace) Paths...........................................................................................................581
Supported Error Codes.................................................................................................................................................582
mtrace Scenarios...........................................................................................................................................................583
32 Object Tracking.......................................................................................................................................589
Object Tracking Overview............................................................................................................................................589
Track Layer 2 Interfaces.........................................................................................................................................590
Track Layer 3 Interfaces.........................................................................................................................................590
Track IPv4 and IPv6 Routes................................................................................................................................... 591
Set Tracking Delays.................................................................................................................................................592
VRRP Object Tracking............................................................................................................................................592
Object Tracking Configuration.....................................................................................................................................592
Tracking a Layer 2 Interface.................................................................................................................................. 592
Tracking a Layer 3 Interface.................................................................................................................................. 593
Track an IPv4/IPv6 Route..................................................................................................................................... 595
Displaying Tracked Objects..........................................................................................................................................598
33 Open Shortest Path First (OSPFv2 and OSPFv3)...................................................................................600
Protocol Overview........................................................................................................................................................ 600
Autonomous System (AS) Areas.......................................................................................................................... 600
Area Types................................................................................................................................................................ 601
Networks and Neighbors........................................................................................................................................602
Router Types............................................................................................................................................................602
Designated and Backup Designated Routers.......................................................................................................604
Link-State Advertisements (LSAs)....................................................................................................................... 604
Router Priority and Cost.........................................................................................................................................605
OSPF with Dell Networking OS...................................................................................................................................606
Graceful Restart...................................................................................................................................................... 607
Fast Convergence (OSPFv2, IPv4 Only)............................................................................................................. 608
Multi-Process OSPFv2 with VRF..........................................................................................................................608
RFC-2328 Compliant OSPF Flooding...................................................................................................................608
OSPF ACK Packing.................................................................................................................................................609
Setting OSPF Adjacency with Cisco Routers......................................................................................................609
Configuration Information............................................................................................................................................. 610
Configuration Task List for OSPFv2 (OSPF for IPv4)........................................................................................610
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