Nuvoton EN MA35D1 Buildroot User manual

Brand: Nuvoton

Model: EN MA35D1 Buildroot

Type: User manual

Nuvoton EN MA35D1 Buildroot is a versatile development tool that empowers users to effortlessly build tailored images for their MA35D1 series boards. With its comprehensive feature set, this toolchain streamlines the creation of customized embedded systems, unlocking a vast array of possibilities:

Leverage Linux, U-Boot, arm-trusted-firmware, OP-TEE OS, and other essential components to craft a robust foundation for your embedded projects.
Harness the power of NuWriter, Eclipse, and Python to streamline development and debugging processes, accelerating your time-to-market.
Tap into the extensive capabilities of the MA35D1 series, including multimedia, connectivity, and security features, to bring your innovative ideas to life.

Leverage Linux, U-Boot, arm-trusted-firmware, OP-TEE OS, and other essential components to craft a robust foundation for your embedded projects.
Harness the power of NuWriter, Eclipse, and Python to streamline development and debugging processes, accelerating your time-to-market.
Tap into the extensive capabilities of the MA35D1 series, including multimedia, connectivity, and security features, to bring your innovative ideas to life.

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NuMicro® Family

Arm® Cortex®-A35-based Microprocessor

NuMicro® Family

MA35D1 Buildroot Project

User Manual

The information described in this document is the exclusive intellectual property of

Nuvoton Technology Corporation and shall not be reproduced without permission from Nuvoton.

Nuvoton is providing this document only for reference purposes of NuMicro®

microcontroller and

microprocessor based system design. Nuvoton assumes no responsibility for errors or omissions.

All data and specifications are subject to change without notice.

For additional information or questions, please contact: Nuvoton Technology Corporation.

www.nuvoton.com

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Table of Contents  
OVERVIEW ...................................................................................................... 3 
1 Feature List ..................................................................................................................... 3 
DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENT SETUP ...................................................... 4 
1 Docker ............................................................................................................................. 4 
2 Linux ................................................................................................................................ 5 
BUILD IMAGE .................................................................................................. 7 
1 Build Configurations ...................................................................................................... 7 
2 Build Image ..................................................................................................................... 7 
3 Deploy Image ................................................................................................................. 8 
BUILDROOT PROJECT CUSTOMIZATION.................................................. 10 
1 Toolchain ....................................................................................................................... 10 
2 U-Boot ........................................................................................................................... 10 
3 Linux Kernel ................................................................................................................. 10 
4 Trusted firmware-A (TF-A) ......................................................................................... 10 
4.1 Secure boot ..................................................................................................................... 10 
4.2 Run RTP-M4 form TF-A ................................................................................................ 11 
5 Others ............................................................................................................................ 12 
REVISION HISTORY ..................................................................................... 13 
   

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1 OVERVIEW

Buildroot project is a specific development tool for MA35D1 series. Users can use the Buildroot project

to build an image for MA35D1 series board by using Buildroot project building environment. The

Buildroot is a tool that simplifies and automates the process of building a complete Linux system for an

embedded system, using cross-compilation. The Buildroot official website https://buildroot.org/ has

some documents with Buildroot basic concepts.

1.1 Feature List

The MA35D1 Buildroot has the following functions:

 Linux

 uboot

 arm-trusted-firmware

 optee-os

 RTP-BSP

 nu-eclipse

 python3-nuwriter

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2 DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENT SETUP

The following is required to develop projects in the Buildroot Project environment. A host system with a

minimum of 20 Gbytes of free disk space that is running a supported Linux distribution (i.e. recent

releases of Fedora, CentOS, Debian, or Ubuntu), and appropriate packages installed on the system you

are using for building.

Nuvoton provides two environments for building images, Docker and Linux. Docker is a virtual machine

based on host Linux OS, so the setting in the Docker will not affect the host OS and the Docker can

create an environment only for building images. Linux distribution will be updated and may result in

building image error, so Docker provided by Nuvoton is a better way than Linux.

2.1 Docker

Docker is an open-source project based on Linux contains, which is similar to virtual machines, but

containers are more portable, more resource-friendly, and more dependent on the host operating

system. Docker provides a quick and easy way to get up and running with buildroot. Install docker,

Example for Ubuntu 20.04:

First, update your existing list of packages:

$ sudo apt-get update

Next, install a few prerequisite packages which let apt use packages over HTTPS:

$sudo apt install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl software-properties-

common

Then add Docker’s official GPG key for the official Docker repository to your system:

$ curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add -

Use the following command to set up the stable repository, add the Docker repository to APT sources:

$sudo add-apt-repository "deb [arch=amd64]

https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu focal stable"

Next, update the package database with the Docker packages from the newly added repo:

$ sudo apt-get update

Finally, install Docker:

$ sudo apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io

Then use the Dockerfile to generate the Docker image environment. after completion, use the repo utility

to download the Buildroot project after enter the Docker image.

Dockefile source at (https://github.com/OpenNuvoton/MA35D1_Docker_Script.git)

You can use the Docker script provided.

build.sh Dockerfile join.sh README.md

Set up docker image.

$./build.sh

Docker share folder will mount /home/$USER/shared

Enter docker image, you will see “[user name]&[container id]:$”

$./join.sh

ma35d1_test

test@575f27a6d251:~$

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Create a shared/buildroot folder and enter

test@575f27a6d251:~$ mkdir shared/buildroot

test@575f27a6d251:~$ cd shared/buildroot

The first time you use repo, you need to set up the GIT environment.

test@575f27a6d251:~$ git config --global user.email "test@test.test.test"

test@575f27a6d251:~$ git config --global user.name "test"

Use git to download Buildroot project

test@575f27a6d251:~$ git clone https://github.com/OpenNuvoton/MA35D1_Buildroot.git

You can check Docker documentation:

https://docker-curriculum.com/

https://docs.docker.com/get-started/

https://github.com/OpenNuvoton/MA35D1_Docker_Script

2.2 Linux

The necessary packages must be installed before using Buildroot project. In Linux system, use the

command below to install essential Buildroot Project host packages.

 Mandatory packages

– which

– sed

– make (version 3.81 or any later)

– binutils – build-essential (only for Debian based systems)

– gcc (version 4.8 or any later)

– g++ (version 4.8 or any later)

– bash

– patch

– gzip

– bzip2

– perl (version 5.8.7 or any later)

– tar

– cpio

– unzip

– rsync

– file (must be in /usr/bin/file)

– bc

 Optional packages

– python (version 2.7 or any later)

– ncurses5

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– qt5

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3 BUILD IMAGE

This section provides the detailed information along with the process for building an image.

3.1 Build Configurations

Please visit the OpenNuvoton website(https://github.com/OpenNuvoton) to download the Buildroot

project(https://github.com/OpenNuvoton/MA35D1_Buildroot). The Buildroot project provided default

configuration for ma35d1 series. Before modifying any Buildroot configuration , it is recommended to

load the default configure of Buildroot first. User can type “make

numaker_som_ma35d16a81_defconfig” command. Sometimes if system cannot boot up, user can load

the default configuration to recovery Buildroot to safe status. The following are MA35D1 configuration

files that can be selected. In default configure, if the string with “security” in the name, it contains optee-

os,

 numaker_iot_ma35d16f70_defconfig

 numaker_iot_ma35d16f90_defconfig

 numaker_som_ma35d16a81_defconfig

The command is shown below:

$ make numaker_som_ma35d16a81_defconfig (make <DEFCONFIG>)

DEFCONFIG=<default configuration name> is the configuration name which points to the configuration

file in buildroot/configs/.

Sometimes fine-tune Buildroot configuration, for example to enable some features that are not enabled

by default. The Buildroot provides an interface to enter configuration menu by typing “make menuconfig”

command.

$ make menuconfig

This is a multi-layer menu in configuration system. In the current page, user can press arrow keys to

control the layer of configuration system. Select kernel function by pressing “up” or “down” key and

select menu function in the bottom of page by pressing “left” or “right” key. To enter the next layer of

configuration page, user can press “enter” key.

There are five functions at the bottom of menu page. User can disable or enable kernel function by

pressing space key when cursor stays at “Select”. The symbol in front of the selection function “[ ]”

stands for this function is disabled, “[*]” stands for this function is enabled and can be loaded

dynamically.

Menu page can be returned to upper layer by pressing space key when cursor stays at “Exit” at the

bottom of menu page. If it’s at the top layer of configuration system, system will inform user if wants to

save the configuration and exit.

The help screen will show when cursor is at “Help” by pressing space key. To save current configuration

or load old configuration, use can press space key when cursor is at “Save” or “Load” at the bottom of

menu page.

The buildroot configuration file will be named “.config” and be saved in the buildroot source tree

directory.

3.2 Build Image

Use the “make” command to build an image. The following command is an example of how to build an

image:

$ make

Update the MA35D1 source code by delete the following files in the dl folder.

$ cd dl

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$ rm –rf arm-trusted-firmware uboot linux optee-os

You need to change through “make menuconfig” to get the corresponding pack image.

– SD card image provides the full system to boot with TFA, U-Boot, Linux Kernel and file

system; do the following:

$ make menuconfig

(Modify 'Bootloaders ---> Board defconfig' to 'ma35d1_sdcard0' or 'ma35d1_sdcard1'

and Save)

$ make arm-trusted-firmware-dirclean uboot-dirclean linux-dirclean optee-os-

dirclean

$ make

(Wait while it compiles and

find pack-core-image-buildroot-ma35d1-som-256m-sdcard.bin and

core-image-buildroot-ma35d1-som-256m.rootfs.sdcard in output/images)

– SPINAND image provides the full system to boot with TFA, U-Boot, Linux Kernel and file

system; do the following:

$ make menuconfig

(Modify 'Bootloaders ---> Board defconfig' to 'ma35d1_spinand' and Save)

$ make arm-trusted-firmware-dirclean uboot-dirclean linux-dirclean optee-os-

dirclean

$ make

(Wait while it compiles and

find pack-core-image-buildroot-ma35d1-som-256m-spinand.bin in output/images)

– NAND image provides the full system to boot with TFA, U-Boot, Linux Kernel and file system;

do the following:

$ make menuconfig

(Modify 'Bootloaders ---> Board defconfig' to 'ma35d1_nand' and Save)

$ make arm-trusted-firmware-dirclean uboot-dirclean linux-dirclean optee-os-

dirclean

$ make

(Wait while it compiles and

find pack-core-image-buildroot-ma35d1-som-256m-nand.bin in output/images)

Note: pack-core-image-buildroot-#####.bin can be used by the MA35D1 Nu-Writer tool.

3.3 Deploy Image

After building image, you can find image in <build directory>/output/images. Each image can create a

u-boot, trusted firmware-A, OPTEE-OS, Linux kernel, file system, Nu-Writer tool, m4 project demo code

and pack image. A pack image will be provided that includes TF-A, u-boot, Linux kernel, and file system

for SPINAND, NAND or SDCARD storages. Use the command to write the pack image into MA35D1

demo board after computer is connected to the MA35D1 demo board. You can use “lsusb” command to

check whether the connection board is working. Using “nuwriter” or “dd” command does not work

properly in Docker environment.

$ sudo lsusb

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Bus 001 Device 002: ID 80ee:0021 VirtualBox USB Tablet

Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub

/buildroot/output/images$ ls

pack-core-image-buildroot-ma35d1-som-256m-nand.bin

pack-core-image-buildroot-ma35d1-som-256m-spinand.bin

pack-core-image-buildroot-ma35d1-som-256m-sdcard.bin

Burn pack-core-image-buildroot-ma35d1-som-256m-sdcard.bin image to SD

/buildroot/output/images$ nuwriter.py –w sd pack-core-image-buildroot-ma35d1-som-

256m-sdcard.bin

Burn pack-core-image-buildroot-ma35d1-som-256m-nand.bin image to NAND flash

/buildroot/output/images$ nuwriter.py –e nand all /* Erase NAND flash */

/buildroot/output/images$ nuwriter.py –w nand pack-core-image-buildroot-ma35d1-

som-256m-nand.bin

Burn pack-core-image-buildroot-ma35d1-som-256m-spinand.bin image to SPINAND.

/buildroot/output/images$ nuwriter.py –e spinand all /* Erase SPINAND flash */

/buildroot/output/images$ nuwriter.py –w spinand pack-core-image-buildroot-ma35d1-

som-256m-spinand.bin

An SD card image provides the full system to boot with TFA, u-Boot, Kernel and file system, run the

following command to write SD card image. Change sdx below to match the one used by the SD

card.

/buildroot/output/images$ ls

core-image-buildroot-ma35d1-som-256m.rootfs.sdcard

$ sudo dd if=core-image-buildroot-ma35d1-som-256m.rootfs.sdcard of=/dev/sdx

conv=fsync

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4 BUILDROOT PROJECT CUSTOMIZATION

4.1 Toolchain

Add toolchain to environment variables:

/buildroot$ source output/host/environment-setup

Create the source code file for this example: helloworld.c:

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {

// printf() displays the string inside console

printf(“Hello, World!\n”);

return 0;

}

And compile it.

$ $CC helloworld.c -o helloworld

$ ls

Helloword.c helloworld

4.2 U-Boot

If you just want to configure u-boot, you can use make command to configure u-boot.

Configure u-boot:

$ make uboot-menuconfig

(Modify and Save)

$ make uboot-rebuild

4.3 Linux Kernel

If you just want to configure Linux, you can use make command to configure Linux.

Configure Linux:

$ make linux-menuconfig

(Modify and Save)

$ make linux-rebuild

4.4 Trusted firmware-A (TF-A)

4.4.1 Secure boot

This section introduces how to enable secure boot. If the developer already has private key, please

write the key into config file through “make menuconfig” command.

Bootloaders --->

[*] MA35D1 Secure Boot

(0A0BC81E5AFBF836C5E0CFBEA12C1E269A2EBC3B0B6EC39EEE1C7142F760EBC4) AES Key

(8F1571E9975006A545DF854264F7B18934B5CB2EE619E66DBC0FBEA52C71C919) ECDSA Key

AES_KEY and ECDSA_KEY can be changed according to actual environment. Also, rebuild image.

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$ make

After building image, you can find image in <buildroot directory>/output/images, and opt_key.json in

<build directory>/tmp-glibc/deploy/images/<machine>/nuwriter. The opt_key.join needs to be

programmed to the key store of MA35D1 through Nu-Writer tools. For more details, please refer to

MA35D1 Secure Boot Application Note.

Program Key and Image

Send the following command to program the key in deployed directory. For more details, please refer to

NuMicro® Family MA35D1 NuWriter User Manual.

$ nuwriter.py -w otp nuwriter/key.json

opt_key.json will automatically generate publicx key, publicy keys and aes key according to AES_KEY

and ECDSA_KEY.

{

"publicx": "72F84F681092E3A05C1437E3E40534962A5C70556025D348FF9DB97D6AF83EB5",

"publicy": "8D32DAC7AB6F90332E8E0060E159E0B31502BB4FB2D78369F02D1F5B0C335AD3",

"aeskey" : "0A0BC81E5AFBF836C5E0CFBEA12C1E269A2EBC3B0B6EC39EEE1C7142F760EBC4"

}

Program otp_key.json and core-image-minimal-numaker-som-ma35d16a81-enc-nand.pack image to

NAND Flash. In /buildroot/output/images folder.

$ nuwriter.py –a enc_ddr3_winbond_256mb.bin

$ nuwriter.py -w otp nuwriter/otp_key.json

$ nuwriter.py –e nand all /* Erase NAND flash */

$ nuwriter.py –w nand pack-core-image-buildroot-ma35d1-som-256m-enc-nand.bin

Program otp_key.json and pack-core-image-buildroot-ma35d1-som-256m-enc-sdcard.bin image to SD.

In /buildroot/output/images folder.

$ nuwriter.py –a enc_ddr3_winbond_256mb.bin

$ nuwriter.py -w otp nuwriter/otp_key.json

$ nuwriter.py –w sd pack-core-image-buildroot-ma35d1-som-256m-enc-sdcard.bin

Program otp_key.json and core-image-minimal-numaker-som-ma35d16a81-enc-spinand.pack image to

SPINAND. In /buildroot/output/images folder.

$ nuwriter/nuwriter –a enc_ddr3_winbond_256mb.bin

$ nuwriter/nuwriter -w otp nuwriter/otp_key.json

$ nuwriter/nuwriter –e spinand all /* Erase SPINAND flash */

$ nuwriter/nuwriter –w spinand pack-core-image-buildroot-ma35d1-som-256m-enc-

spinand.bin

4.4.2 Run RTP-M4 form TF-A

This section introduces how to run RTP-M4 from arm-trusted-firmware, enable “Add RTP M4 into FIP

image” and select binary file in “make menuconfig” command.

/yocto/sources/meta-ma35d1/conf/machine/numaker-som-ma35d16a81.conf:

Bootloaders --->

[*] Add RTP M4 into FIP image

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(RTP-BSP/Template.bin) RTP M4 binary file names

Also rebuild image.

$ make

Load the image and run, you will see “hello world” from UART16. This massage is printed by RTP-M4.

4.5 Others

If you modify the source code and rebuild the source code, you can find the source code in

buildroot/output/build. The arm-trusted-firmware-custom modification example is as follows:

(Modify buildroot/output/build/arm-trusted-firmware-custom/FILES and Save)

$ make arm-trusted-firmware-rebuild

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5 REVISION HISTORY

Date

Revision

Description

2022.01.19

1.00

Initial version.

2022.05.30

1.01

Renamed project name for mass production version

2022.11.13

1.02

Fixed grammar and spelling errors

Fixed some hyper link errors

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Important Notice

Nuvoton Products are neither intended nor warranted for usage in systems or equipment, any

malfunction or failure of which may cause loss of human life, bodily injury or severe property

damage. Such applications are deemed, “Insecure Usage”.

Insecure usage includes, but is not limited to: equipment for surgical implementation, atomic

energy control instruments, airplane or spaceship instruments, the control or operation of

dynamic, brake or safety systems designed for vehicular use, traffic signal instruments, all types

of safety devices, and other applications intended to support or sustain life.

All Insecure Usage shall be made at customer’s risk, and in the event that third parties lay claims

to Nuvoton as a result of customer’s Insecure Usage, customer shall indemnify the damages

and liabilities thus incurred by Nuvoton.

Nuvoton EN MA35D1 Buildroot User manual

Brand: Nuvoton

Model: EN MA35D1 Buildroot

Type: User manual

Leverage Linux, U-Boot, arm-trusted-firmware, OP-TEE OS, and other essential components to craft a robust foundation for your embedded projects.
Harness the power of NuWriter, Eclipse, and Python to streamline development and debugging processes, accelerating your time-to-market.
Tap into the extensive capabilities of the MA35D1 series, including multimedia, connectivity, and security features, to bring your innovative ideas to life.

Download PDF

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Nuvoton EN MA35D1 Buildroot User manual

Nuvoton EN MA35D1 Buildroot User manual

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