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Software Configuration Guide, Cisco IOS Release 15.2(6)E (Catalyst
2960-L Switches)
First Published: 2017-08-08
Last Modified: 2018-12-18
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Fax: 408 527-0883
©2018 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
CONTENTS
Preface lv
PREFACE
Document Conventions lv
Obtaining Documentation and Submitting a Service Request lvii
Using the Command-Line Interface 1
CHAPTER 1
Information About Using the Command-Line Interface 1
Command Modes 1
Understanding Abbreviated Commands 3
No and Default Forms of Commands 3
CLI Error Messages 3
Configuration Logging 4
Using the Help System 4
How to Use the CLI to Configure Features 5
Configuring the Command History 5
Changing the Command History Buffer Size 6
Recalling Commands 6
Disabling the Command History Feature 7
Enabling and Disabling Editing Features 7
Editing Commands Through Keystrokes 7
Editing Command Lines That Wrap 8
Searching and Filtering Output of show and more Commands 10
Accessing the CLI Through a Console Connection or Through Telnet 10
Accessing the CLI through Bluetooth 11
Interface and Hardware 13
PART I
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Configuring Interface Characteristics 15
CHAPTER 2
Information About Configuring Interface Characteristics 15
Interface Types 15
Port-Based VLANs 15
Switch Ports 16
Routed Ports 17
Switch Virtual Interfaces 17
EtherChannel Port Groups 17
Power over Ethernet Ports 18
Using the Switch USB Ports 18
USB Mini-Type B Console Port 18
USB Type A Ports 19
Interface Connections 19
Interface Configuration Mode 19
Default Ethernet Interface Configuration 20
Interface Speed and Duplex Mode 21
Speed and Duplex Configuration Guidelines 21
IEEE 802.3x Flow Control 22
How to Configure Interface Characteristics 23
Configuring Interfaces 23
Adding a Description for an Interface 24
Configuring a Range of Interfaces 25
Configuring and Using Interface Range Macros 26
Configuring Ethernet Interfaces 28
Setting the Interface Speed and Duplex Parameters 28
Configuring IEEE 802.3x Flow Control 29
Shutting Down and Restarting the Interface 30
Configuring the Console Media Type 32
Configuring the USB Inactivity Timeout 33
Monitoring Interface Characteristics 34
Monitoring Interface Status 34
Clearing and Resetting Interfaces and Counters 35
Configuration Examples for Interface Characteristics 35
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Configuring a Range of Interfaces: Examples 35
Configuring and Using Interface Range Macros: Examples 36
Setting Interface Speed and Duplex Mode: Example 36
Configuring the Console Media Type: Example 36
Configuring the USB Inactivity Timeout: Example 37
Additional References for the Interface Characteristics Feature 37
Feature History and Information for Configuring Interface Characteristics 38
Configuring Auto-MDIX 39
CHAPTER 3
Prerequisites for Auto-MDIX 39
Restrictions for Auto-MDIX 39
Information About Configuring Auto-MDIX 39
Auto-MDIX on an Interface 39
How to Configure Auto-MDIX 40
Configuring Auto-MDIX on an Interface 40
Example for Configuring Auto-MDIX 41
Additional References 42
Feature History and Information for Auto-MDIX 42
Configuring LLDP, LLDP-MED, and Wired Location Service 43
CHAPTER 4
Finding Feature Information 43
Information About LLDP, LLDP-MED, and Wired Location Service 43
LLDP 43
LLDP Supported TLVs 44
LLDP and Cisco Medianet 44
LLDP-MED 44
LLDP-MED Supported TLVs 44
Default LLDP Configuration 45
Restrictions for LLDP 46
How to Configure LLDP, LLDP-MED, and Wired Location Service 46
Enabling LLDP 46
Configuring LLDP Characteristics 48
Configuring LLDP-MED TLVs 50
Configuring Network-Policy TLV 51
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Configuration Examples for LLDP, LLDP-MED, and Wired Location Service 54
Configuring Network-Policy TLV: Examples 54
Monitoring and Maintaining LLDP, LLDP-MED, and Wired Location Service 54
Additional References for LLDP, LLDP-MED, and Wired Location Service 55
Feature Information for LLDP, LLDP-MED, and Wired Location Service 56
Configuring System MTU 57
CHAPTER 5
Finding Feature Information 57
Information About the MTU 57
How to Configure MTU 57
Configuring the System MTU 57
Configuration Examples for System MTU 58
Configuring PoE 61
CHAPTER 6
Finding Feature Information 61
Information About PoE 61
Power over Ethernet Ports 61
Supported Protocols and Standards 61
Powered-Device Detection and Initial Power Allocation 62
Power Management Modes 63
Persistent PoE 66
How to Configure PoE 66
Configuring a Power Management Mode on a PoE Port 66
Configuring Persistent PoE 68
Budgeting Power for Devices Connected to a PoE Port 69
Budgeting Power to All PoE ports 70
Budgeting Power to a Specific PoE Port 71
Configuring Power Policing 72
Monitoring Power Status 75
Configuration Examples for Configuring PoE 75
Budgeting Power: Example 75
Configuring EEE 77
CHAPTER 7
Restrictions for EEE 77
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Information About EEE 77
EEE Overview 77
Default EEE Configuration 77
How to Configure EEE 77
Enabling or Disabling EEE 78
Monitoring EEE 79
Configuration Examples for Configuring EEE 80
Additional References 80
Feature Information for Configuring EEE 81
IP Multicast Snooping 83
PART II
Configuring IGMP Snooping 85
CHAPTER 8
Finding Feature Information 85
Prerequisites for Configuring IGMP Snooping 85
Prerequisites for IGMP Snooping 85
Restrictions for Configuring IGMP Snooping 86
Restrictions for IGMP Snooping 86
Information About IGMP Snooping 87
IGMP Snooping 87
IGMP Versions 88
Joining a Multicast Group 88
Leaving a Multicast Group 89
Immediate Leave 90
IGMP Configurable-Leave Timer 90
IGMP Report Suppression 90
Default IGMP Snooping Configuration 91
IGMP Filtering and Throttling 91
Default IGMP Filtering and Throttling Configuration 92
How to Configure IGMP Snooping 92
Enabling or Disabling IGMP Snooping on a Switch 92
Enabling or Disabling IGMP Snooping on a VLAN Interface 94
Configuring a Multicast Router Port 95
Configuring a Host Statically to Join a Group 96
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Enabling IGMP Immediate Leave 97
Configuring the IGMP Leave Timer 99
Configuring the IGMP Snooping Querier 100
Disabling IGMP Report Suppression 102
Configuring IGMP Profiles 104
Applying IGMP Profiles 106
Setting the Maximum Number of IGMP Groups 107
Configuring the IGMP Throttling Action 109
Monitoring IGMP Snooping 111
Monitoring IGMP Snooping Information 111
Monitoring IGMP Filtering 112
Configuration Examples for IGMP Snooping 112
Example: Enabling a Static Connection to a Multicast Router 112
Example: Configuring a Host Statically to Join a Group 112
Example: Enabling IGMP Immediate Leave 112
Example: Setting the IGMP Snooping Querier Source Address 113
Example: Setting the IGMP Snooping Querier Maximum Response Time 113
Example: Setting the IGMP Snooping Querier Timeout 113
Example: Setting the IGMP Snooping Querier Feature 113
Example: Configuring IGMP Profiles 114
Example: Applying IGMP Profile 114
Example: Setting the Maximum Number of IGMP Groups 114
Additional References 114
Configuring MLD Snooping 117
CHAPTER 9
Finding Feature Information 117
Information About Configuring IPv6 MLD Snooping 117
Understanding MLD Snooping 117
MLD Messages 118
MLD Queries 118
Multicast Client Aging Robustness 119
Multicast Router Discovery 119
MLD Reports 119
MLD Done Messages and Immediate-Leave 120
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Topology Change Notification Processing 120
How to Configure IPv6 MLD Snooping 120
Default MLD Snooping Configuration 120
MLD Snooping Configuration Guidelines 121
Enabling or Disabling MLD Snooping on the Switch 122
Enabling or Disabling MLD Snooping on a VLAN 123
Configuring a Static Multicast Group 123
Enabling MLD Immediate Leave 124
Configuring MLD Snooping Queries 125
Disabling MLD Listener Message Suppression 127
Displaying MLD Snooping Information 127
Configuration Examples for Configuring MLD Snooping 128
Configuring a Static Multicast Group: Example 128
Configuring a Multicast Router Port: Example 128
Enabling MLD Immediate Leave: Example 129
Configuring MLD Snooping Queries: Example 129
IPv6 131
PART III
Configuring IPv6 Unicast Routing 133
CHAPTER 10
Finding Feature Information 133
Information About Configuring IPv6 Host Functions 133
Understanding IPv6 133
IPv6 Addresses 134
Supported IPv6 Unicast Routing Features 134
Default IPv6 Configuration 137
Configuring IPv6 Addressing and Enabling IPv6 Routing 137
Configuring IPv6 ICMP Rate Limiting 140
Configuring Static Routing for IPv6 (CLI) 141
Configuring RIP for IPv6 142
Displaying IPv6 145
Configuration Examples for IPv6 Unicast Routing 145
Configuring IPv6 Addressing and Enabling IPv6 Routing: Example 145
Configuring IPv6 ICMP Rate Limiting: Example 146
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Configuring Static Routing for IPv6: Example 146
Displaying IPv6: Example 146
Configuring IPv6 ACL 147
CHAPTER 11
Finding Feature Information 147
Information About Configuring IPv6 ACLs 147
Understanding IPv6 ACLs 147
Supported ACL Features 148
IPv6 ACL Limitations 148
Configuring IPv6 ACLs 148
Default IPv6 ACL Configuration 149
Interaction with Other Features and Switches 149
Creating IPv6 ACL 149
Applying an IPv6 ACL to an Interface 153
Displaying IPv6 ACLs 153
Configuration Examples for IPv6 ACL 154
Example: Creating an IPv6 ACL 154
Example: Displaying IPv6 ACLs 154
Layer 2 157
PART IV
Configuring Spanning Tree Protocol 159
CHAPTER 12
Finding Feature Information 159
Restrictions for STP 159
Information About Spanning Tree Protocol 160
Spanning Tree Protocol 160
Spanning-Tree Topology and BPDUs 161
Bridge ID, Device Priority, and Extended System ID 162
Port Priority Versus Path Cost 163
Spanning-Tree Interface States 163
How a Switch or Port Becomes the Root Switch or Root Port 166
Spanning Tree and Redundant Connectivity 166
Spanning-Tree Address Management 167
Accelerated Aging to Retain Connectivity 167
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Spanning-Tree Modes and Protocols 167
Supported Spanning-Tree Instances 168
Spanning-Tree Interoperability and Backward Compatibility 168
STP and IEEE 802.1Q Trunks 169
VLAN-Bridge Spanning Tree 169
Default Spanning-Tree Configuration 170
How to Configure Spanning-Tree Features 170
Changing the Spanning-Tree Mode (CLI) 170
Disabling Spanning Tree 172
Configuring the Root Switch 173
Configuring a Secondary Root Device 174
Configuring Port Priority 175
Configuring Path Cost 177
Configuring the Device Priority of a VLAN 178
Configuring the Hello Time 179
Configuring the Forwarding-Delay Time for a VLAN 180
Configuring the Maximum-Aging Time for a VLAN 181
Configuring the Transmit Hold-Count 182
Monitoring Spanning-Tree Status 183
Configuring Multiple Spanning-Tree Protocol 185
CHAPTER 13
Finding Feature Information 185
Prerequisites for MSTP 185
Restrictions for MSTP 186
Information About MSTP 187
MSTP Configuration 187
MSTP Configuration Guidelines 187
Root Switch 188
Multiple Spanning-Tree Regions 188
IST, CIST, and CST 189
Operations Within an MST Region 190
Operations Between MST Regions 190
IEEE 802.1s Terminology 190
Illustration of MST Regions 191
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Hop Count 192
Boundary Ports 192
IEEE 802.1s Implementation 193
Port Role Naming Change 193
Interoperation Between Legacy and Standard Switches 194
Detecting Unidirectional Link Failure 194
Interoperability with IEEE 802.1D STP 195
RSTP Overview 195
Port Roles and the Active Topology 195
Rapid Convergence 196
Synchronization of Port Roles 197
Bridge Protocol Data Unit Format and Processing 198
Topology Changes 199
Protocol Migration Process 200
Default MSTP Configuration 200
About MST-to-PVST+ Interoperability (PVST+ Simulation) 201
About Detecting Unidirectional Link Failure 202
How to Configure MSTP Features 204
Specifying the MST Region Configuration and Enabling MSTP 204
Configuring the Root Switch 206
Configuring a Secondary Root Switch 207
Configuring Port Priority 208
Configuring Path Cost 210
Configuring the Switch Priority 211
Configuring the Hello Time 213
Configuring the Forwarding-Delay Time 214
Configuring the Maximum-Aging Time 215
Configuring the Maximum-Hop Count 216
Specifying the Link Type to Ensure Rapid Transitions 217
Designating the Neighbor Type 218
Restarting the Protocol Migration Process 219
Configuring PVST+ Simulation 220
Enabling PVST+ Simulation on a Port 221
Examples 222
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Examples: PVST+ Simulation 222
Examples: Detecting Unidirectional Link Failure 226
Monitoring MST Configuration and Status 226
Feature Information for MSTP 227
Configuring Optional Spanning-Tree Features 229
CHAPTER 14
Finding Feature Information 229
Restriction for Optional Spanning-Tree Features 229
Information About Optional Spanning-Tree Features 230
PortFast 230
BPDU Guard 230
BPDU Filtering 231
UplinkFast 231
BackboneFast 233
EtherChannel Guard 235
Root Guard 236
Loop Guard 237
STP PortFast Port Types 237
Bridge Assurance 238
How to Configure Optional Spanning-Tree Features 240
Enabling PortFast 240
Enabling BPDU Guard 242
Enabling BPDU Filtering 243
Enabling UplinkFast for Use with Redundant Links 244
Disabling UplinkFast 246
Enabling BackboneFast 247
Enabling EtherChannel Guard 248
Enabling Root Guard 249
Enabling Loop Guard 250
Enabling PortFast Port Types 251
Configuring the Default Port State Globally 252
Configuring PortFast Edge on a Specified Interface 253
Configuring a PortFast Network Port on a Specified Interface 254
Enabling Bridge Assurance 255
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Examples 256
Examples: Configuring PortFast Edge on a Specified Interface 256
Examples: Configuring a PortFast Network Port on a Specified Interface 257
Example: Configuring Bridge Assurance 258
Monitoring the Spanning-Tree Status 259
Feature Information for Optional Spanning-Tree Features 259
Configuring Resilient Ethernet Protocol 261
CHAPTER 15
Finding Feature Information 261
Overview of Resilient Ethernet Protocol 261
Link Integrity 263
Fast Convergence 264
VLAN Load Balancing 264
Spanning Tree Interaction 265
REP Ports 266
How to Configure Resilient Ethernet Protocol 266
Default REP Configuration 266
REP Configuration Guidelines 266
Configuring REP Administrative VLAN 268
Configuring a REP Interface 269
Setting Manual Preemption for VLAN Load Balancing 273
Configuring SNMP Traps for REP 274
Monitoring Resilient Ethernet Protocol Configuration 274
Configuration Examples for Resilient Ethernet Protocol 276
Example: Configuring the REP Administrative VLAN 276
Example: Configuring a REP Interface 276
Additional References for REP 277
Feature Information for Resilient Ethernet Protocol 278
Configuring EtherChannels 279
CHAPTER 16
Finding Feature Information 279
Restrictions for EtherChannels 279
Information About EtherChannels 280
EtherChannel Overview 280
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Channel Groups and Port-Channel Interfaces 280
Port Aggregation Protocol 281
PAgP Modes 282
PAgP Learn Method and Priority 283
PAgP Interaction with Other Features 283
Link Aggregation Control Protocol 284
LACP Modes 284
LACP Interaction with Other Features 285
EtherChannel On Mode 285
Default EtherChannel Configuration 285
EtherChannel Configuration Guidelines 286
Layer 2 EtherChannel Configuration Guidelines 287
Auto-LAG 288
Auto-LAG Configuration Guidelines 289
How to Configure EtherChannels 289
Configuring Layer 2 EtherChannels 289
Configuring the PAgP Learn Method and Priority 291
Configuring LACP Hot-Standby Ports 293
Configuring the LACP System Priority 293
Configuring the LACP Port Priority 294
Configuring the LACP Port Channel Min-Links Feature 296
Configuring LACP Fast Rate Timer 297
Configuring Auto-LAG Globally 298
Configuring Auto-LAG on a Port Interface 299
Configuring Persistence with Auto-LAG 300
Monitoring EtherChannel, PAgP, and LACP Status 301
Configuration Examples for Configuring EtherChannels 302
Configuring Layer 2 EtherChannels: Examples 302
Configuring Auto LAG: Examples 303
Configuring LACP Port Channel Min-Links: Examples 304
Example: Configuring LACP Fast Rate Timer 304
Additional References for EtherChannels 305
Feature Information for EtherChannels 306
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Configuring Link-State Tracking 307
CHAPTER 17
Finding Feature Information 307
Restrictions for Configuring Link-State Tracking 307
Understanding Link-State Tracking 308
How to Configure Link-State Tracking 310
Monitoring Link-State Tracking 311
Configuring Link-State Tracking: Example 311
Feature Information for Link-State Tracking 311
Configuring UniDirectional Link Detection 313
CHAPTER 18
Finding Feature Information 313
Restrictions for Configuring UDLD 313
Information About UDLD 314
Modes of Operation 314
Normal Mode 314
Aggressive Mode 314
Methods to Detect Unidirectional Links 315
Neighbor Database Maintenance 315
Event-Driven Detection and Echoing 315
UDLD Reset Options 315
Default UDLD Configuration 316
How to Configure UDLD 316
Enabling UDLD Globally 316
Enabling UDLD on an Interface 317
Monitoring and Maintaining UDLD 318
Additional References for UDLD 318
Feature Information for UDLD 319
Network Management 321
PART V
Configuring Cisco IOS Configuration Engine 323
CHAPTER 19
Prerequisites for Configuring the Configuration Engine 323
Restrictions for Configuring the Configuration Engine 323
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Information About Configuring the Configuration Engine 324
Cisco Configuration Engine Software 324
Configuration Service 325
Event Service 325
NameSpace Mapper 326
Cisco Networking Services IDs and Device Hostnames 326
ConfigID 326
DeviceID 326
Hostname and DeviceID 327
Hostname, DeviceID, and ConfigID 327
Automated CNS Configuration 327
How to Configure the Configuration Engine 328
Enabling the CNS Event Agent 328
Refreshing DeviceIDs 330
Monitoring CNS Configurations 332
Additional References 333
Feature History and Information for the Configuration Engine 334
Configuring the Cisco Discovery Protocol 335
CHAPTER 20
Finding Feature Information 335
Information About CDP 335
Cisco Discovery Protocol Overview 335
Default Cisco Discovery Protocol Configuration 336
How to Configure CDP 336
Configuring Cisco Discovery Protocol Characteristics 336
Disabling Cisco Discovery Protocol 338
Enabling Cisco Discovery Protocol 340
Disabling Cisco Discovery Protocol on an Interface 341
Enabling Cisco Discovery Protocol on an Interface 343
Monitoring and Maintaining Cisco Discovery Protocol 344
Additional References 345
Feature History and Information for Cisco Discovery Protocol 346
Configuring Simple Network Management Protocol 347
CHAPTER 21
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Prerequisites for SNMP 347
Restrictions for SNMP 349
Information About SNMP 349
SNMP Overview 349
SNMP Manager Functions 350
SNMP Agent Functions 350
SNMP Community Strings 351
SNMP MIB Variables Access 351
SNMP Notifications 351
SNMP ifIndex MIB Object Values 352
Default SNMP Configuration 352
SNMP Configuration Guidelines 353
How to Configure SNMP 354
Disabling the SNMP Agent 354
Configuring Community Strings 355
Configuring SNMP Groups and Users 357
Configuring SNMP Notifications 360
Setting the Agent Contact and Location Information 365
Limiting TFTP Servers Used Through SNMP 366
Monitoring SNMP Status 368
SNMP Examples 368
Additional References 369
Feature History and Information for Simple Network Management Protocol 370
Configuring SPAN 371
CHAPTER 22
Finding Feature Information 371
Restrictions for SPAN 371
Information About SPAN 372
SPAN 372
Default SPAN Configuration 372
Configuration Guidelines 373
SPAN Configuration Guidelines 373
How to Configure SPAN 373
Creating a Local SPAN Session 373
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Creating a Local SPAN Session and Configuring Incoming Traffic 375
Monitoring SPAN Operations 377
SPAN Configuration Examples 377
Example: Configuring Local SPAN 377
Additional References 378
Feature History and Information for SPAN 379
QoS 381
PART VI
Configuring QoS 383
CHAPTER 23
Finding Feature Information 383
Prerequisites for QoS 383
QoS ACL Guidelines 383
Policing Guidelines 384
General QoS Guidelines 384
Restrictions for QoS 384
Information About QoS 385
QoS Implementation 385
Layer 2 Frame Prioritization Bits 386
Layer 3 Packet Prioritization Bits 386
End-to-End QoS Solution Using Classification 386
QoS Basic Model 386
Actions at Ingress Port 386
Actions at Egress Port 387
Classification Overview 387
Policing and Marking Overview 390
Queueing and Scheduling Overview 391
Queueing and Scheduling on Egress Queues 393
Packet Modification 394
Standard QoS Default Configuration 394
Default Egress Queue Configuration 395
Default Mapping Table Configuration 396
How to Configure QoS 396
Enabling QoS Globally 396
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Configuring Classification Using Port Trust States 397
Configuring the Trust State on Ports Within the QoS Domain 397
Configuring the CoS Value for an Interface 398
Configuring a Trusted Boundary to Ensure Port Security 400
Enabling DSCP Transparency Mode 402
Configuring the DSCP Trust State on a Port Bordering Another QoS Domain 404
Configuring a QoS Policy 405
Classifying Traffic by Using ACLs 406
Classifying Traffic by Using Class Maps 413
Classifying, Policing, and Marking Traffic on Physical Ports by Using Policy Maps 415
Configuring Egress Queue Characteristics 418
Configuration Guidelines 419
Mapping DSCP or CoS Values to an Egress Queue and to a Threshold ID 419
Configuring SRR Shaped Weights on Egress Queues 421
Configuring SRR Shared Weights on Egress Queues 423
Configuring the Egress Expedite Queue 424
Limiting the Bandwidth on an Egress Interface 426
Monitoring Standard QoS 427
Configuration Examples for QoS 428
Example: Configuring Port to the DSCP-Trusted State and Modifying the DSCP-to-DSCP-Mutation
Map 428
Examples: Classifying Traffic by Using ACLs 428
Examples: Classifying Traffic by Using Class Maps 429
Examples: Classifying, Policing, and Marking Traffic on Physical Ports Using Policy Maps 430
Examples: Configuring DSCP-to-DSCP Mutation Maps 431
Examples: Configuring Egress Queue Characteristics 432
Where to Go Next 433
Feature History and Information for QoS 433
Configuring AutoQoS 435
CHAPTER 24
Finding Feature Information 435
Prerequisites for Auto-QoS 435
Restrictions for Auto-QoS 436
Information about Configuring Auto-QoS 436
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