Kistler 8316A100ATTA00 Owner's manual

Instruction

Manual

K-Beam

Accelerometers

Types

8316A...,

8396A...

ä

002-811e-10.21

Foreword

002-811e-10.21

Thank you for choosing a Kistler quality product characterized

by technical innovation, precision and long life.

Information in this document is subject to change without notice.

Kistler reserves the right to change or improve its products and

make changes to the content without obligation to notify any

person or organization of such changes or improvements.

expressly provided herein, no part of this manual may be repro-

duced for any purpose without the express prior written consent

of Kistler Group.

Kistler Group products are protected by various intellectual

property rights. For more details visit www.kistler.com. The

Kistler Group includes Kistler Holding AG and all its subsidia-

ries in Europe, Asia, the Americas and Australia.

Kistler Group

Eulachstrasse 22

8408 Winterthur

Switzerland

Tel. +41 52 224 11 11

info@kistler.com

www.kistler.com

Page 1

002-811e-10.21Page 2

K-Beam Accelerometers

Content

1. Introduction .......................................................................................................................................4

2. Important information ......................................................................................................................5

2.1 For your safety .......................................................................................................................5

2.2 Precautions ............................................................................................................................5

2.3 Disposal of electronic equipment ...........................................................................................6

2.4 Accelerometers - Types ..........................................................................................................6

3. Product description ..........................................................................................................................8

3.1 Supplied Items........................................................................................................................9

4. Principles of operation.....................................................................................................................9

4.1 Power and output congurations ..........................................................................................11

4.2 Single-ended, unipolar output ..............................................................................................11

4.3 Single-ended, bipolar output ................................................................................................12

4.4 Dierential output .................................................................................................................13

4.5 Cable considerations ............................................................................................................13

5. Installation.......................................................................................................................................14

5.1 Mechanical installation .........................................................................................................14

5.2 Mounting techniques ............................................................................................................15

5.2.1 Stud mounting: Type 8396A....................................................................................16

5.2.2 Screw mounting: Types 8316A... ............................................................................16

5.3 Type 8316AxxxxxACxx .........................................................................................................17

5.3.1 Electrical requirements ...........................................................................................17

5.3.2 Mechanical installation ............................................................................................18

5.4 Types 8316AxxxxxTAxx, 8316AxxxxxTBxx ..........................................................................19

5.4.1 Electrical requirements ...........................................................................................19

5.4.2 Mechanical installation ............................................................................................20

5.5 Type 8396A... general description ........................................................................................23

5.5.1 Electrical requirements ...........................................................................................23

5.5.2 Mechanical requirements .........................................................................................24

6. K-Beam power supply ....................................................................................................................27

6.1 Type 5210 K-Beam power supply ........................................................................................27

6.2 Type 5146A15 15-channel K-Beam power supply ...............................................................28

Page 3002-811e-10.21

Content

Total pages: 38

7. Operation.........................................................................................................................................29

7.1 Noise considerations ............................................................................................................29

7.2 Accessory cables..................................................................................................................29

8. Calibration and maintenance ........................................................................................................31

8.1 General.................................................................................................................................31

8.2 Care and cleaning ................................................................................................................31

8.3 Calibration ............................................................................................................................31

8.3.1 Calibration policy and requirements .......................................................................32

9. Storage and transit considerations ..............................................................................................33

10. Warranty ........................................................................................................................................34

11. Declaration of conformity ............................................................................................................35

12. Appendix .......................................................................................................................................37

A Measuring chains .................................................................................................................37

002-811e-10.21

K-Beam Accelerometers

Page 4

Thank you for choosing a quality product from Kistler. Please

read through this manual thoroughly to enable you to fully

exploit the various features of your product.

To the extent permitted by law Kistler accepts no liability if

this instruction manual is not followed or products other than

those listed under Accessories are used.

Performance features at a glance:

Small, lightweight variable capacitance sensing element

Integral cable and connector options

Bipolar, single-ended or dierential outputs

High sensitivity

From True DC to high frequency response

Seismic ground insulation

Mounting options

Conforming to CE

Kistler oers a wide range of products for use in measuring

technology:

Piezoelectric sensors for measuring force, torque, strain,

pressure, acceleration, shock, vibration and acoustic

emission

Strain gage sensor systems for measuring force and

torque

Piezoresistive pressure sensors and transmitters

Signal conditioners, indicators and calibrators

Electronic control and monitoring systems, as well as

software for specic measurement applications

Data transmission modules (telemetry)

Kistler also develops and produces measuring solutions

for the application elds engines, vehicles, manufacturing,

plastics and biomechanics sectors.

Our product and application brochures, in addition to our

detailed data sheets, will provide you with an overview of our

product range. All unit measurements provided are listed in

order of meters, followed by inches [in brackets].

If you require additional help beyond what can be located

online or in this manual, please contact Kistler‘s extensive

support organization or visit us online at www.kistler.com.

1. Introduction

002-811e-10.21

Important Information

Page 5

2. Important information

This product has been manufactured in compliance with

current valid safety regulations. It has left the factory in a

perfect, safe condition. In order to maintain this condition

and ensure safe operation, compliance is required with the

instructions and warning notes contained within this manual

or imprinted on the product itself.

Compliance with local safety regulations, which may apply

to the use of power line operated electrical and electronic

equipment, is strongly recommended.

It is essential for you to review the following information,

which is intended to ensure your personal safety when

working with the K-Beam Accelerometers and contribute

toward a long-fault-free service life.

2.1 For your safety

2.2 Precautions

Compliance with the following precautionary measures is

vital to ensure safe and reliable operation.

▪ Never expose the instrument to contamination or oil mist.

▪ Never operate or store the instrument outside the specified

temperature range.

▪ Never exceed the maximum stated voltage.

▪ Connect the instrument only to equipment for which it was

designed to be used.

▪ Never allow the product to drop.

▪ The environment should be as dry, clean and free from vi-

brations as possible.

▪ Never operate the instrument if there are visible signs of-

damage.

▪ Follow the instructions for mounting.

▪ Do not expose the unit to excessive shock, i.e. by using a

hammer or dropping the unit.

▪ Store the accelerometer in the container supplied. Always

store in a clean, dry area.

▪ Keep connectors clean and covered when not in use.

002-811e-10.21

K-Beam Accelerometers

Page 6

If there is evidence that safe operation is no longer possible,

the instrument must be powered o and rendered safe

against accidental start-up. Safe operation is no longer

possible when the product:

shows visible signs of damage

is no longer operating

has been subjected to prolonged storage under unsuitable

conditions

has been subjected to rough transit conditions

2.3 Disposal of electronic equipment

Do not discard old electronic equipment in municipal trash.

For disposal at end of life, please return this product to the

nearest authorized electronic waste disposal service or

contact your Kistler sales oce for disposal instructions.

2.4 Accelerometers - Types

This instruction manual summarizes the Kistler K-Beam

Accelerometer product line, which includes the Type 8316A…

and Type 8396A… series of K-Beam accelerometers.

002-811e-10.21

Important Information

Page 7

Type 8396A...

Fig. 1: K-Beam product line

Type 8316A...AC

Type 8316A...TA

Type 8316A...TB

002-811e-10.21

K-Beam Accelerometers

Page 8

3. Product description

All K-Beam accelerometers have integrated signal conditio-

ning electronics.

Types 8316A…TA and 8316A…TB feature a welded tita-

nium housing with either an industry standard 4 pin, ¼–28

connector (TA) or integral PTFE jacketed cable (TB). The

maximum temperature range is +125 °C (+260 °F) and

the available output signal formats are bipolar 0±4 V (with

temperature output), single-ended 2.5±2 V (with tempera-

ture output) and dierential 0±4 V or 0±8 V. Temperature

output is provided if external compensation of the output

signal is desired. The sensing element and electronics are

contained in the lightweight, welded titanium housing for a

fully hermetic design with integral ground isolation.

Type 8316A…AC features a hard, anodized aluminum

housing with an epoxy seal and an integral PVC cab-

le. The maximum temperature range is +85 °C (+185

°F) and the available output signal formats are bipolar

0±4 V, single-ended 2.5±2 V and dierential 0±4 V or

0±8 V. The sensing element and electronics are contained

in this lightweight housing with an environmental seal and

integral ground isolation.

Type 8396A… is a triaxial accelerometer that measures

acceleration in three orthogonal axes simultaneously. The

output signal format is available as bipolar 0±4 V, sing-

le-ended 2.5 V±2 V and 0±4 V or 0±8 V dierential. Tem-

perature output is provided if external compensation of the

output signal is desired. The sensing element and electro-

nics are contained in lightweight, welded titanium housing

with either a circular 9 pin connector or an integral cable

with braid shield protection terminated by pigtails or 9 pin

D-Sub connector.

002-811e-10.21

Principles of Operation

Page 9

3.1 Supplied Items

Items supplied with the accelerometer are listed on the

product data sheet or contained within Section 8 of this

manual.

4. Principles of operation

Most Kistler K-Beam accelerometer sensing elements consist

of a very small inertial mass and exure elements chemically

etched from a single piece of silicon. The seismic mass is

supported by exure elements between two plates, which act

as electrodes. As the mass deects under acceleration, the

capacitance between these plates changes. Under very large

accelerations (or shocks), the motion of the mass is limited

by the two stationary plates; this limits the stress placed on

the suspension and prevents damage. The damping of the

mass by an entrapped gas creates a "squeeze lm" providing

an optimized frequency response over a wide temperature

range. Additionally, its dierential capacitive design assures

immunity from thermal transients.

Signal conditioning for K-Beam accelerometers (see Fig. 2)

incorporates AC excitation and synchronous demodulation.

The signal conditioner provides the power conditioning for

the accelerometer element and outputs an analog voltage

proportional to the acceleration signal.

Fig. 2: Diagram of a typical K-Beam accelerometer

measuring chain

002-811e-10.21

K-Beam Accelerometers

Page 10

All K-Beam accelerometers provide an output signal similar

to that produced by a piezoelectric accelerometer. Unlike a

piezoelectric accelerometer, K-Beams are sensitive to static

acceleration. Therefore, earth's gravity is a factor in the out-

put signal and must be taken into account when mounting.

As described earlier, K-Beam accelerometers produce an

output when forces acting on a moveable element cause the

element to change position. When the sensor is parallel to

the ground, (see Fig. 3) the earth's gravity will produce an

output equivalent to 1 g. When the device is rotated 90°, ma-

king the sensing element perpendicular to earth's gravitati-

onal pull, a static output equivalent to 0 g is produced (see

Technical Data table). As the sensor is rotated between 0°

and 90°, the static acceleration output signal amplitude will

vary by approximately the sine of.

±1 g 0 g -1 g

Fig. 3: A Mounted K-Beam and the respective outputs

relative to the earth's orientation

002-811e-10.21

Principles of Operation

Page 11

4.1 Power and output congurations

Most K-Beam accelerometers are available with various

power and output congurations, which are described in

Sections 4.1.1 - 4.1.3 and in Table 1.

Type Single-

ended,

unipolar

Single-

ended,

bipolar

Dierential Tempera-

ture output

Power

supply

require-

ments

(VDC)

8316AxxxxxTAxx ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ 6 – 50

8316AxxxxxTBxx ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ 6 – 50

8316AxxxxxACxx ▪6 – 50

8396AxxxxxTxxx ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ 6 – 50

Table 1: Available K-Beam output configurations

*Maximum supply voltage limited above 210 °F (see

Technical data)

To avoid confusion when identifying and correlating male

(pos.) pin connections on the sensor connector and female

(neg.) connector pins on a cable end, only the connector end

view of the accelerometer will be shown further.

4.2 Single-ended, unipolar output

The single-ended, unipolar output conguration is a single

output referenced to the signal/power supply ground (see Fig.

4). This conguration provides a +2.5 VDC output at zero g

input. Full-scale output voltage is dependent upon the sensor

model. The output voltage never goes below zero volts in this

conguration. Types 8316AxxxB0xxxx, 8316AxxxBTxxxx,

and 8396AxxxBTTxxx operate from a power supply with sing-

le-ended, unipolar outputs.

002-811e-10.21

K-Beam Accelerometers

Page 12

Fig. 4: Single-ended, unipolar and bipolar Type 8316A...

and Type 8396A… congurations with the signal

and power supply referenced to ground. See prod-

uct data sheets for applicable pin designations.

4.3 Single-ended, bipolar output

This option provides a zero voltage output at zero g

input. The output signal is bipolar (+/-) corresponding to posi-

tive and negative acceleration.

Types 8316AxxxA0xxxx, 8316AxxxATxxxx, and

8396AxxxATTxxx will operate under the same conguration

as Fig. 4.

002-811e-10.21

Principles of Operation

Page 13

4.4 Dierential output

Units supplied with this option are designed for operation

from a single polarity power supply. This option provides

a dierential output (see Fig. 5) where the output signal is

provided on two wires. A higher eective sensitivity (X2) and

zero volts at zero g input are among the characteristics of this

option. Another important benet of this conguration is the

rejection of common mode noise, especially important when

driving long cable lengths.

For proper operation, the data acquisition system or readout

instrumentation must have a dierential input.

Types 8316AxxxC0xxxx, 8316AxxxD0xxxx, 8396AxxxC-

TTxxx, and 8396AxxxDTTxxx are providing a dierential

output.

Fig. 5: Type 8316A... and Type 8396A... dierential output

congurations. See individual product data sheets

for applicable pin designations.

4.5 Cable considerations

It is important to observe the maximum cable lengths and

maximum cable capacitance specied in the product data

sheet. It may be permissible to exceed the specied cable

length provided the following guidelines are observed:

When using long cables, the power supply voltage may

need to be increased to compensate for the voltage drop

caused by wire resistance.

Use low capacitance cables and ensure that the maximum

specied capacitance is not exceeded.

Oset voltage can increase as cable length is increased

due to wire resistance causing a power supply ground

shift at the accelerometer.

002-811e-10.21

K-Beam Accelerometers

Page 14

5. Installation

This section is divided into three sub-sections:

Mechanical installation

Mounting techniques

Mechanical and electrical requirements (by Type)

K-Beam accelerometers with special mounting requirements

are further described in their appropriate sections. It should

be noted that the output signal from K-Beam accelerometers

is compatible with most measuring instruments and further

signal conditioning is unnecessary.

Always observe the maximum capacitive load and the

minimum resistive load specied on the product data sheets.

5.1 Mechanical installation

Proper mounting plays an important role in making accura-

te acceleration measurements. This section will provide the

user with some general guidelines:

The accelerometer must be rigidly coupled to the structure

being monitored if it is to track the movement of the struc-

ture with good delity. In general, using epoxy or the unit’s

mounting holes provides sucient coupling between the

sensor and the mounting surface.

The user should take the necessary measures to ensure

that the mounting surface or xture does not have a reso-

nant frequency within the measurement frequency range.

A xture resonance can cause a high amplitude respon-

se that is not representative of the test article. Damping

techniques can often solve this problem or by selecting

a more stable mounting surface. It is recommended that

the accelerometer be tested at a variety of frequencies in

order to identify any undesired resonant conditions.

Contact your sales representative or Kistler directly for

specic application information.

002-811e-10.21

Installation

Page 15

5.2 Mounting techniques

K-Beam accelerometers are ideally suited for adhesive

mounting due to the low mass and available mounting area.

Due to K-Beam's nature of measuring relatively modest acce-

lerations at low frequencies, most applications will require a

minimal uniform application of Petro Wax for sucient moun-

ting attachment.

The Petro Wax recommended is Kistler Type 8432 (Katt &

Associates Type P102, P.O. Box 623, Zoar, Ohio 44697 USA)

or an equivalent. Wax can be used if it provides repeatable

results after the unit has been removed and remounted.

A minimal, uniform layer (0.10 mm [<0.004 in]) should be

applied to the test structure's surface. The accelerometer is

then applied to this wax layer with rm nger pressure and an

alternating twisting motion.

The Type 8432 wax is intended for laboratory type applica-

tions where ambient temperatures are near 20 °C (70 °F). A

wax which is more pliable at 20 °C (70 °F) is recommended

for low temperature applications (Katt & Associates Type

P103). Specially formulated high temperature wax is also

available (Katt & Associates Type P104).

Input excitations of 20g RMS or greater may dictate the use

of a stronger attachment medium. A cyanoacrylate adhe-

sive should be used in these cases (Permabond 910 Adhe-

sive from: Permabond International, 480 South Dean Street,

Englewood, NJ 07631, USA or equivalent). A two component

structural adhesive can be used for permanent attachment

but is NOT recommended for temporary installations.

Removal of an adhesively mounted accelerometer is accom-

plished by applying the adhesive manufacturer's recom-

mended adhesive solvent and allowing the solvent to

soften the adhesive. Acetone is eective for the removal of

cyanoacrylate adhesives. Use the proper size wrench to twist

the sensor loose and break-o the adhesive.

DO NOT IMPACT ACCELEROMETER!

Refer to Section 8.2 for adhesive removal and cleaning

procedures.

002-811e-10.21

K-Beam Accelerometers

Page 16

1. Drill and tap an adequate hole to ensure a ush mount of

the accelerometer. Make sure the stud does not bottom

out, either in the mounting hole of the test structure or in

the accelerometer base. A chamfer should be machined at

the top of the mounting hole to ensure that the base of the

accelerometer makes full contact with the mounting surfa-

ce.

2. Completely clean the surface prior to mounting.

3. Apply a thin coat of silicon grease to both the accelerome-

ter and mounting surface.

4. Always use the proper sockets and a torque wrench

when installing accelerometers. For Type 8396A…, tigh-

ten the accelerometer to a torque of 0.85 ±0.06 N•m

[7.5 ±0.5 in-lbs].

5.2.2 Screw mounting: Types 8316A...

Mounting holes in the accelerometer housing are provided

for mounting screws or other fasteners. The product data

sheet describes the applicable mounting screws. Appropriate

mounting screws are supplied. When preparing mounting

holes in the structure, they should be perpendicular to the

attaching surface and free from all burrs. The sensor's moun-

ting surface must be in uniform contact with the test structure.

Never use fasteners larger than those described on the data

sheet. Fasteners must not restrict the unit by contacting the

walls of the unit's holes. The recommended mounting torque

is 0.7 N•m [6 lbf-in].

In some cases, mounting screws are used with insulating

components such as washers. These insulating components

are necessary for protecting or assuring electrical isolation.

5.2.1 Stud mounting: Type 8396A...

Type 8396A… has a KIAG 10-32 threaded hole for stud

mounting. Most Kistler mounting studs are machined from

Beryllium Copper for high strength and low modulus of elasti-

city, coupled with high elastic limits. The stud is removable

allowing both stud and adhesive mounting. The following

guidelines should be followed when stud mounting accelero-

meters.

002-811e-10.21

Installation

Page 17

This sensor requires either a regulated power supply or can

operate from a 9-Volt battery. When using a regulated power

supply, the sensor will operate over a voltage range of 6 ... 50

Volts (at temperature ≤100 °C [210 °F]) and the supply should

be capable of furnishing 4 mA of current. The power supply

regulation must be within ±0.1 % and the noise and ripple

cannot exceed 1.5 mV RMS.

The sensor case and substrate are electrically isolated from

ground. The cable shield is oating at the sensor end of the

cable.

For Type 8316AxxxxxTBxx, power and signal connections

are made directly to the integral cable. Pigtail wire assign-

ment is shown in Table 2 below. Both are ground isolated.

Fig. 6: Type 8316AxxxxxACxx dimensions (in [mm])

5.3 Type 8316AxxxxxACxx

Type 8316AxxxxxACxxx… is supplied in four electrical output

versions as described in Section 3. The reader should refer

to sensor datasheet if there are any questions regarding the

identication of the unit's ordering key.

5.3.1 Electrical requirements

002-811e-10.21

K-Beam Accelerometers

Page 18

Type 8316AxxxxxACxx comes with a hard coat anodized

aluminum outer housing to protect the sensing package and

the cable connections. The housing contains two holes of

3.2 mm [0.125 in] to accept mounting screws.

Mounting screws and ber washers are furnished. Two each

of M3 x 12 mm socket and 4-40 x ½" socket head cap screw

with 4 washers are supplied accessories. The washers are

made of an insulating ber material and should be used to

insure that electrical isolation is maintained.

For temporary installations, the accelerometer can be

mounted using Petro Wax. See Section 5.2.1 for more infor-

mation on this product. For permanent installations, the unit

can be mounted using epoxy.

5.3.2 Mechanical installation

Once the sensor is mounted with epoxy, it cannot be re-

moved without risking damage.

The sensitive axis is perpendicular to the mounting surface.

Refer to Section 5.2 for general information about proper

mounting.

For applications requiring measurements in more than a

single axis, a convenient optional accessory is available.

The Type 8522 triaxial mounting cube provides a mounting

method for up to three Type 8316A… accelerometers posi-

tioned in three orthogonal axes. Where mass and space

permits, this mounting cube oers an economical approach

to multi-axis measuring.

Electrical Interface Type 8316A... Function Output

Wire Color Type A0, B0 Type C0, D0

red power power

black return return

yellow temp. output + output -

white output + output +

shield case case

Table 2: Pigtail interface connections

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Kistler 8316A100ATTA00 Owner's manual

Kistler 8316A100ATTA00 Owner's manual

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