ABB REL 301 Instruction Leaflet

ABB Automation, Inc.

Substation Automation & Protection Division

Coral Springs, FL

Allentown, PA

Instruction Leaflet

Effective: April, 1996

New Information

REL 301/302 Version 1.4

Numerical Distance Relay

40-386.4

ABB Network Partner

I.L. 40-386.4

REL301/302 REVISION NOTICE

DATE REV LEVEL PAGES REMOVED PAGES INSERTED

4/96 RELEASED

CHANGE SUMMARY:

A CHANGE BAR ( ) LOCATED IN THE MARGIN

INDICATES A CHANGE TO THE TECHNICAL CONTENT

i

I.L. 40-386.4

It is recommended that the user of REL301/302 equipment become acquainted with the information in this in-

struction leaflet before energizing the system. Failure to do so may result in injury to personnel or damage to

the equipment, and may affect the equipment warranty. If the REL301/302 relay system is mounted in a cabinet,

the cabinet must be bolted to the floor, or otherwise secured before REL301/302 installation, to prevent the sys-

tem from tipping over.

All integrated circuits used on the modules are sensitive to and can be damaged by the discharge of static elec-

tricity. Electrostatic discharge precautions should be observed when handling modules or individual

components.

ABB does not assume liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit described herein.

ABB reserves the right to make changes to any products herein to improve reliability, function or design. Spec-

ifications and information herein are subject to change without notice. All possible contingencies which may

arise during installation, operation, or maintenance, and all details and variations of this equipment do not pur-

port to be covered by these instructions. If further information is desired by purchaser regarding a particular in-

stallation, operation or maintenance of equipment, the local ABB representative should be contacted.

This document contains information that is protected by copyright. All rights are reserved. Reproduction, adaptation, or

translation without prior written permission is prohibited, except as allowed under the copyright laws.

ABB does not convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others.

Trademarks

All terms mentioned in this book that are known to be trademarks or service marks are listed below. In addition,

terms suspected of being trademarks or service marks have been appropriately capitalized. ABB Power T&D Com-

pany Inc. cannot attest to the accuracy of this information. Use of a term in this book should not be regarded as

affecting the validity of any trademark or service mark.

IBM and PC are registered trademarks of the International Business Machines Corporation

WRELCOM is the registered trademark of the ABB Power T&D Company Inc.

INCOM is the registered trademark of the Westinghouse Electric Corporation

!

CAUTION

ii

I.L. 40-386.4

PREFACE

Scope

This manual describes the functions and features of the REL301(Non-pilot Relay System) and REL302 (Pilot

Relay System). It is intended primarily for use by engineers and technicians involved in the installation, testing,

operation and maintenance of the REL301/302 system.

Equipment Identification

The REL301/302 equipment is identified by the Catalog Number on the REL301/302 chassis nameplate. The

Catalog Number can be decoded by using Catalog Number Table in Section 1.6.6. Both REL301 and REL302

can be either vertically or horizontally mounted.

Production Changes

When engineering and production changes are made to the REL301/302 equipment, a revision notation

(SUB #) is reflected on the appropriate schematic diagram, and associated parts information.

Equipment Repair

Repair work is done most satisfactorily at the factory. When returning equipment, contact your field sales rep-

resentative for RMR authorization. All equipment should be returned in the original packing containers if possi-

ble. Any damage due to improperly packed items will be charged to the customer.

Document Overview

Section 1 provides the Product Description. Section 2 presents the Functional Specification. Section 3 presents

the Setting Calculations. Installation and Operation are described in Section 4. Finally, Section 5 covers Accep-

tance Test, Maintenance Test and Calibration procedures.

Contents of Relay System

The REL301/302 Relay System includes the style numbers, listed below, for each module.

Module Style Number

FT-10 Surge Protection- - - - - - - - -1502B35

Backplane Surge Protection - - - - - -1612C53

Option (Reclosing/synch-check) - - - -1613C77

Filter (Input Module) - - - - - - - - - -1612C34

Microprocessor - - - - - - - - - - - -1613C55

Display (Optional) - - - - - - - - - - -1613C69

Power Supply/Relay Outputs - - - - - -1612C68

VT - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -1612C80

CT - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -1612C79

iii

I.L. 40-386.4

TABLE OF CONTENTS

SECTION PAGE

SECTION 1: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

1. 1. INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-1

1. 2. REL301/302 FEATURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-2

1.2.1 Standard Features for REL301 (Non-Pilot) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-2

1.2.2 Standard Features for REL302 (Pilot) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-3

1.2.3 Optional Features for the Non-Pilot REL301 and Pilot REL302 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-3

1. 3. REL301/302 CONSTRUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-3

1.3.1 REL301/302 Outer Chassis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-3

1.3.2 REL301/302 Inner Chassis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-4

1. 4. UNIQUE FEATURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-4

1.4.1 Fault Detection Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-4

1.4.2 Fault Mode and Restricted Fault Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-5

1.4.3 Unique Characteristics of REL301/302 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-5

1.4.4 Self-checking Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-6

1. 5. UNIQUE REMOTE COMMUNICATION PROGRAM (RCP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-6

1.5.1 ABB Bulletin Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-6

1. 6. SPECIFICATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-7

1.6.1 Technical . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-7

1.6.2 External Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-7

1.6.3 Contact Rating Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-7

1.6.4 Chassis Dimensions And Weight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-8

1.6.5 Environmental and Type Test Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-8

1.6.6 REL301/302 Catalog Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-9

SECTION 2: FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION

2. 1 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-1

2. 2 LINE MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-1

2.2.1 Single-Phase-to-Ground Fault . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-1

2.2.2 Three-Phase Fault . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-2

2.2.3 Phase-to-Phase Fault . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-2

2. 3 MEASUREMENT ZONES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-2

2.3.1 Zone-1 Trip . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-3

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I.L. 40-386.4

2.3.2 Zone-2 Trip . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3

2.3.3 Zone-3 Trip . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5

2.3.4 Zone-1 Extension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6

2. 4 NON-PILOT OPERATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6

2.4.1 3-Zone Distance Phase and Ground Relay with

Reversible Zone-3 Phase and Ground . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6

2.4.2 Inverse Time Overcurrent Ground Backup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6

2.4.3 Loss of Potential Supervision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7

2.4.4 Loss of Current Supervision (LOI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8

2.4.5 Fault Detector Overcurrent Supervision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8

2.4.6 Highset Overcurrent Trip . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8

2.4.7 Close-Into-Fault Trip (CIFT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8

2.4.8 Unequal-Pole-Closing-Load Pickup Logic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9

2.4.9 Loss-of-Load Accelerated Trip Logic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9

2.4.10 Current or Voltage Change Fault Detector (∆I, ∆V) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10

2.4.11 Ground Directional Polarization Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10

2.4.12 Instantaneous Forward Directional Overcurrent (FDOG) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10

2.4.13 Instantaneous Reverse Directional Overcurrent Ground (RDOG) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-11

2.4.14 Programmable Reclose Initiation and Reclose Block Logic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-11

2.4.15 Output Contact Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12

2.4.16 Out-of-Step Block Logic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12

2.4.16.1 Subsequent Out-of-Step Security Logic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-12

2.4.17 Fault and Oscillographic Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-13

2.4.17.1 Fault Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-13

2.4.17.2 Oscillographic Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-13

2. 5 REL302 PILOT SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-14

2.5.1 Pilot System Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-14

2.5.1.1 Permissive Overreach Transfer Trip/Simplified Unblocking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-14

2.5.1.2 Permissive Underreach Transfer Trip . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-17

2.5.1.3 Directional Comparison Blocking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-18

2.5.2 Pilot Ground Overcurrent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-19

2.5.3 High Resistance Ground Fault Supplement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-20

2.5.4 Instantaneous Reverse Directional Overcurrent Ground . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-20

2.5.4.1 Supplement to Carrier Ground Start, Blocking Scheme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-20

2.5.4.2 Pilot Ground Start, POTT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-20

2.5.5 3-terminal Line Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-21

2.5.6 Weakfeed Trip Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-21

2.5.6.1 Weakfeed System Application. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-22

2.5.7 Reclose Block on Breaker Failure Squelch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-22

SECTION PAGE

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I.L. 40-386.4

2. 6 PROGRAMMABLE CONTACT OUTPUTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-22

SECTION 3: SETTINGS CALCULATIONS

3.1. MEASUREMENT UNITS AND SETTING RANGES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-1

3.2. CALCULATION OF REL301/302 SETTINGS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-2

3.2.1 Ratio of Zero and Positive Sequence Impedances (ZR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-3

3.2.2 Zone-1 Distance Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-3

3.2.3 Zone-2 Distance Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-4

3.2.4 Zone-3 Distance Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-4

3.2.5 Overcurrent Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-4

3.2.6 Out-of-Step Block (OS Block) Blinder Settings (OS Inner and OS Outer) . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-5

3.2.7 Timer Settings (Definite Time Setting) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-7

3.2.8 Timer Settings (Torque Control Overcurrent) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-8

3.3. REQUIRED SETTINGS APPLICATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-9

3.3.1 Oscillographic Data (OSC Data) Capture Setting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-10

3.3.2 Fault Data (Flt. Data) Capture Setting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-10

3.3.3 Current Transformer Ratio Setting (CT Ratio) 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-10

3.3.4 Voltage Transformer Ratio Setting (VT Ratio) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-10

3.3.5 Frequency Setting (Freq.) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-10

3.3.6 Current Transformer Type Setting (CT Type) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-10

3.3.7 Read Primary Setting (Read Out) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-11

3.3.8 Ohms Per Unit Distance (X / Dist) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-11

3.3.9 Distance Type (DistUnit) Setting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-11

3.3.10 Reclosing Mode (RI Type) Setting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-11

3.3.11 Reclose Initiation Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-11

3.3.12 Remote Breaker Failure, Reclose Block (RemBF RB) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-11

3.3.13 Remote Pilot Control (Pilot) Setting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-11

3.3.14 System Type Selection (SystType) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-11

3.3.15 For The Pilot REL302 Only . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-12

3.3.16 Distance/Overcurrent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-12

3.3.17 Timers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-12

3.3.18 Zone-3 Direction Setting (Zone-3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-12

3.3.19 Positive Sequence Impedance Line Angle (Ang Pos.)* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-13

3.3.20 Zero Sequence Impedance Angle (Ang Zero)* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-13

3.3.21 Zero Sequence/Positive Sequence Ratio (ZOL/Z1L)* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-13

3.3.22 Low Voltage Settings (Low V) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-13

3.3.23 Polarizing Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-13

3.3.24 Overcurrent Ground Backup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-13

3.3.25 Close-Into-Fault Trip Setting (CIF Trip) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-15

SECTION PAGE

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I.L. 40-386.4

3.3.26 Load Loss Trip Setting (LL Trip) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-15

3.3.27 Loss of Potential Block Setting (LOP Blk) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-15

3.3.28 Loss of Current Block Setting (LOI Blk) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-15

3.3.29 Trip Alarm Setting (Trip Alm) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-15

3.3.30 Remote Setting (Rem. Set) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-15

3.3.31 Real-Time Clock Setting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-15

3.4. RECLOSE INITIATION MODE PROGRAMMING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-15

3.4.1 For Non-pilot and Pilot Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-15

SECTION 4: INSTALLATION AND OPERATION

4. 1. SEPARATING THE INNER AND OUTER-CHASSIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1

4. 2. TEST PLUGS AND FT SWITCHES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1

4. 3. EXTERNAL WIRING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1

4. 4. FRONT PANEL MAN-MACHINE INTERFACE (MMI). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3

4.4.1 LED Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3

4.4.1.1 LEDs and Display Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-3

4.4.2 Display Module. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3

4.4.2.1 Front Panel Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-4

4. 5. JUMPER CONTROLS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6

4. 6. COMMUNICATION PORT(S) USE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7

4.6.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7

4.6.2 Communication Port Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7

4.6.3 Personal Computer Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7

4.6.4 Connecting Cables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7

4.6.5 Setting Change Permission and Relay Password . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-8

4. 7. FRONT RS-232C COMMUNICATIONS PORT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9

4.7.1 Communications Port Set Up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9

4.7.2 Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9

4.7.3 Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-10

4. 8. SIXTEEN FAULT TARGET DATA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-10

4. 9. OSCILLOGRAPHIC DATA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-10

4. 10. PROGRAMMABLE CONTACT OUTPUTS (Optional Feature) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-10

4.10.1 Programmable Contact Outputs Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-12

4.10.1.1 Breaker Failure Protection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-12

SECTION PAGE

vii

I.L. 40-386.4

SECTION 5: REL301/302 ACCEPTANCE TEST AND

MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES

5. 1. NON-PILOT ACCEPTANCE TESTS FOR REL301/302 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-3

5.1.1 Front Panel Man-Machine-Interface (MMI) Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-3

5.1.2 Input quantities Verification and Metering Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-4

5.1.3 “TEST MODE” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-5

5.1.4 Zone-1 Impedance Accuracy Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-7

5.1.5 Input Opto-Coupler Check (Also see Step 12) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-9

5.1.6 Input Transformer (Ip) Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-10

5.1.7 Output Contact and Input Circuit Verification Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-11

5. 2. PILOT ACCEPTANCE TESTS (FOR REL302 ONLY) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-12

5.2.1 Non-Pilot Acceptance Tests for REL301/302 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-12

5.2.2 Input Opto-Coupler Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-12

5. 3. MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-14

5.3.1 Periodic Maintenance Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-14

5.3.1.1 Using Remote or Local Data Communication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-14

5.3.1.2 Using Man-Machine Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-14

5.3.1.3 Routine Visual Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-14

5.3.1.4 Perform the Acceptance Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-15

5. 4. CALIBRATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-15

5.4.1 Pre-Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-15

5.4.2 A/D Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-15

5.4.3 Real-Time Clock Calibration on Microprocessor Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-16

SECTION PAGE

viii

I.L. 40-386.4

LIST OF FIGURES

Section Number Page Number

Section 1 REL301/302 Relay Assembly in FT-42 Case (photo) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-1

REL301/302 Layout (Vertical) (sheet 1 of 2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-10

REL301/302 Layout (Horizontal) (sheet 2 of 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-11

REL301/302 Outer Chassis (photo). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-12

REL301/302 Inner Chassis (photo) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-13

REL301/302 Relay Program Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-14

Section 2 REL301/302 Characteristics /R-X Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-23

Mho Characteristic for Phase-to-Ground Faults. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-23

Mho Characteristics for Three-Phase Faults

(No Load Flow). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-24

Mho Characteristics for Phase-to-Phase and

Two Phase-to-Ground Faults (No Load Flow). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-24

Logic Drawing Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-25

REL301/302 Zone-1 Trip Logic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-26

REL301/302 Zone-2 Trip Logic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-26

REL301/302 Zone-3 Trip Logic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-27

REL301/302 Zone-1 Extension Scheme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-27

Inverse Time Overcurrent Ground Backup Logic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-28

Loss-of-Potential Logic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-28

Loss-of-Potential Logic (System Diagram). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-29

Loss of Current Monitoring Logic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-29

Overcurrent Supervision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-30

Instantaneous Overcurrent Highset Trip Logic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-30

REL301/302 Close-Into- Fault Trip (CIFT) Logic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-31

Special Application for CIF Logic With Time Delay Pickup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-31

REL301/302 Unequal-Pole-Closing Load Pickup Trip Logic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-31

Load Loss Accelerated Trip Logic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-32

Reclosing Initiation Logic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-32

Out-of-Step Block Logic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-32

Out-of-Step Block Logic (Blinder Characteristics) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-33

REL301/302/Unblocking, PUTT and Blocking Pilot Relay. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-33

REL302POTT/Unblocking and PUTT Pilot Trip Logic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-34

REL302 Channel Sending/Receiving Logic in POTT/Unblocking Scheme . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-34

REL302 Channel Sending/Receiving Logic in POTT/Unblocking Scheme . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-35

REL302 Blocking System Logic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-35

Power Reversed on POTT/Unblocking Schemes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-36

Unequal Pole Closing on Fault. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-36

REL302 Pilot Ground Trip supplemented by FDOG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-37

REL302 Additional Logic for POTT Scheme on 3-Terminal

Line Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-37

REL302 Additional Logic for PUTT Scheme on 3-Terminal

Line Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-38

REL302 Weakfeed Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-38

REL302 Reversible Zone-3 Phase and Ground (Reverse Block Logic) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-39

CO-2 Curve Characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-40

CO-5 Curve Characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-41

CO-6 Curve Characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-42

ix

I.L. 40-386.4

CO-7 Curve Characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-43

CO-8 Curve Characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-44

CO-9 Curve Characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-45

CO-11 Curve Characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-46

Section 3 Overcurrent Reset Characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-17

Section 4 REL301/302 Terminals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-15

REL301/302 System External Connection (2 Sheets). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-16, 4-17

REL301/302 Breaker Failure DC Schematic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-18

Section 5 Filter (input) Module. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-17

Power Supply (Output) Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-18

Microprocessor Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-19

Test Connections For:

AØ-Ground Test. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-20

BØ-Ground Test. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-21

CØ-Ground Test. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-22

AØ-Ground Test (Dual Polarizing). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-23

SECTION NUMBER PAGE NUMBER

x

I.L. 40-386.4

TABLES

SECTION NUMBER PAGE NUMBER

Section 2 Phase and Ground Settings (5 Tables) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4, 2-5

Section 3 Trip Time Constants for Curves. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-16

Reclosing Initiation Mode Programming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-16

Section 4 Setting Display (3 Sheets). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-19, 4-20, 4-21

Metering Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-22

Target (Fault Data) Display (2 Sheets) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-23, 4-24

Programmable Contact outputs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-25

Communications Cable Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-26

Dip Switch Setting Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-27

RS-PONI (9-Pin) Communications Speed Setting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-27

Section 5 Filter Module Jumper Settings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-2

Power Supply Module Jumper Settings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-2

Microprocessor Module Jumper Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-2

Settings (Non-Pilot System). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-24

Settings (Pilot System) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-25

REL301/302 Reference Drawings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-26

xi

I.L. 40-386.4

REL301 and 302 Version 1.4

FEATURES ADDED AND IMPROVEMENTS MADE TO VERSION 1.12

1. REL 301 and 320

1.1 Added a signal (3V0T) which can be used by the programmable logic for zero sequence

voltage detection. The signal (V

A

+ V

B

+ V

C

) produces an output when 3V

0

105 volts.

1.2 Changed the increment step size, of the programmable contact output timers, from 10

milliseconds 1 cycle and changed the settable range from 0-5 seconds to 0-2000 cycles.

1.3 Added the 52a input to the selectable signals which can be connected to the programma-

ble contact output logic.

xii

I.L. 40-386.4

REL301 and 302 Version 1.12

FEATURES ADDED AND IMPROVEMENTS MADE TO VERSION 1.11

1. REL301 and 302

1.1 Changed 3Vo sensitivity from 3 volts to 1 volt for the directional units in order to increase

the sensitivity for zone-2 and zone-3.

1.2 Changed the loss of current blocking (“LOI Blk”) timer from 0.5/0.5 to 10/0.5 seconds in

order to prevent blocking of zone-2 ground distance, zone-3 ground distance for settings

of “T2G” and/or “T3G” are greater than 0.5 seconds and ground backup tripping longer

than 0.5 seconds.

1.3 Improved the loss of potential blocking logic by removing the lead between LOP Timer (8/

0) output and AND1G.

1.4 Corrected the angle display for the 1-amp ct application. Now, the angle display is extend-

ed from 50% to 10% of the ct rating.

1.5 Extended the front communication access time from 2 to 15 minutes after depressing the

front push-button.

1.6 Redefined the programmable contact output signals LLT & TBM to IM & IOM, respective-

ly.

1.7 Corrected a software error for the operation of the programmable output contact OC-3.

1.8 Corrected the LV setting for the use of the programmable output contacts. The output

contacts of LV should be picked up if any one of the voltages fall below the LV setting. In

version 1.11, the normally open contacts closed if any one of the voltages exceeded the

LV setting.

1.9 Improved the accuracy of the programmable contact outputs (PCO) pickup and dropout

timers.

1.10 Improved the accuracy of 3-phase distance tripping by removing KI0 compensation which

was incorrectly applied to this calculation.

1.11 Corrected LED and Man-Machine Interface targeting mismatch. LED could indicate incor-

rect fault type for certain trip operations.

2. REL302

2.1 Changed the RDOG timer from 16/0 to 33/0 ms. For a 3-phase fault at 0% location, the

RDOG may pick up momentarily and may start the TBM (carrier keying); therefore, it may

delay the pilot trip action.

NOTE: For the pilot application, the setting of FDGT should be greater than 3 cycles.

2.2 Removed reclose initiate output from weakfeed trip logic.

I.L. 40-386.4

1-2

1. 2. REL301/302 FEATURES

1.2.1

Standard

Features for REL301 (Non-Pilot)

• 100% Numerical processing

• 3-Zone distance phase and ground relay, with reversible Zone-3 phase and ground; 4 imped-

ance units per zone: 3 phase-to-ground; 1 phase-to-phase.

• T1 timer (0 to 15 cycles)

• Independent timers for phase and ground step distance applications

• Overcurrent supervision of phase and ground distance

• Selectable Zone-2 torque controlled phase and/or ground overcurrent

• Inverse time directional or non-directional (selectable) overcurrent ground backup logic

• Loss of potential supervision

• Loss of current supervision

• Instantaneous forward directional phase and ground high set overcurrent trip

• Close Into Fault Trip

• Unequal-pole-closing load pickup logic

• Selectable Loss-of-Load accelerated trip logic

• Selectable Zone-1 extension

• Current change fault detector (∆I)

• Voltage change fault detector (∆V)

• Breaker trip circuit test

• Push-to-close test for output contacts

• Binary input test of contact input circuits

• One input (52a) which can be used with programmable logic (see

Optional

Features below)

• Software switches for functional tests, e.g., (Carrier Send and Carrier Receivers)

• Selectable polarizing for directional overcurrent ground units (zero sequence, negative se-

quence and dual

• Programmable Reclose initiation and reclose block outputs

• Fault location capability

• Self-checking software

• Trip contact sealed in by trip current, and selectable dropout delay of 0 or 50 ms

• 16 fault records with setting selectable data capture choices which trigger fault recording

• Real-time clock (Can be externally set with optional IRIG-B interface)

• Low voltage pickup setting for close into fault trip logic

• Setting positive sequence to zero sequence ratio

• Double blinder logic for out of step blocking

• Choice of RS (RS 232C Product Operated Network Interface) PONI or NET (INCOM) PONI

• 16 sets of oscillographic data and intermediate target data. Each set includes a graphic dis-

play of the 7 analog inputs and 24 digital logic signals. Each oscillographic target contains 1

prefault and 7 fault cycles of data. Data collection can be started by TRIP only, TRIP and/or

Zone2, TRIP and/or Zone 2/ Zone 3 or ∆V ∆I

I.L. 40-386.4

1-3

1.2.2

Standard

Features for REL302 (Pilot)

• All features listed as standard for the REL301 are also standard in the REL302

• Independent pilot zone phase and ground distance units

• Permissive Overreach Transfer Trip (POTT) /Simplified Unblocking Logic

• Permissive Underreach Transfer Trip Logic

• Directional Comparison Blocking Logic

• POTT or Simplified Unblocking Weakfeed Terminal Logic

• Instantaneous Forward Directional Overcurrent Function for High Resistance Ground Fault

Supplement to Overreach Pilot

• Instantaneous Reverse Directional Overcurrent Ground Function for Carrier Start on Block-

ing Scheme

• Low voltage pickup setting for weakfeed logic and close into fault trip

• Reclose Block on Breaker Failure Squelch

• 3-Terminal Line Application

1.2.3

Optional

Features for the Non-Pilot REL301 and Pilot REL302

• Man Machine Interface (LCD Display)

Review or update all settings

Review two most recent

Line voltage, current and phase angle monitoring

• RS-232C front communications port

• 5 programmable contact outputs

• Reclosing with or without Synchronism/Voltage Check (See I.L. 40-386.12 for details)

• Up to 4 reclose attempts

• Instantaneous or time delay (each reclose attempt)

• Reset Timer

• Live-Line Dead-Bus/Dead-Line Live-Bus logic

• Synchronism check

• 120 Volt phase-to-phase synchronism voltage input option

1. 3. REL301/302 CONSTRUCTION

All of the relay circuitry, with the exception of the ﬁrst-line surge protection, is mounted on the

inner chassis, to which the front panel is attached. The outer chassis has a backplane, which is

a receptacle for all external connections, including a communication interface. The integral

FT-10 switches permit convenient and safe disconnection of trip, ac and dc input circuits, and

provide for injection of test signals.

1.3.1 REL301/302 Outer Chassis

This is an FT-42 case, where all the input/output signals are surge protected. All external con-

nections are made through the rear of the case (except optional front communications port).

The outer chassis (Figure 1-4) consists of 2 surge protection modules, a backplane surge pro-

tection module, a metal case, FT-switches and a communication interface consisting of a Prod-

uct Operated Network Interface (PONI) which is either a NET (INCOM

®

) PONI or RS (RS-232C)

PONI mounted on the inside of the case on the backplane module.

I.L. 40-386.4

1-4

1.3.2 REL301/302 Inner Chassis

The inner chassis (Figure 1-5) consists of a frame, 2 switchjaws and the following modules.

Each module is identiﬁed by silk screen label.

• PT Module:

Consisting of 3 voltage transformers for V

AN

, V

BN

and V

CN

.

• CT Module:

Consisting of 4 current transformers for IA, IB, IC and IP, where IP is used for zero-sequence

dual-polarizing ground current measurement.

• Filter Module:

Consisting of the anti-aliasing filters for the seven inputs from the vt and ct modules, the mul-

tiplexer to the A/D converter, the A/D converter itself, and the Opto-isolator for the input con-

tacts.

• Microprocessor Module:

Consisting of a microcontroller (16 bits Intel 80C196 at 10 MHz), two EPROM program mem-

ory chips; two RAM chips, an EEPROM for data retention, a real time clock with battery and

indication LED’s.

• Power Supply (PWRSUP) Module:

This is an isolated switching power supply capable of supplying +5 Vdc for microcontroller

and surrounding IC logic, ±12 Vdc for reference voltages and + 24 Vdc for communication.

All output contacts are on this module.

Three power supply options are available:

48 Vdc

125 Vdc

250 Vdc

• Man Machine Interface (MMI)/display module (optional):

consisting of a 2-line, 16 character per line, liquid crystal display (LCD), four push-buttons for

setting data entries and a switch for either protection or reclosing information. If the MMI op-

tion is not supplied, the switch is supplied for resetting protection or reclosing LEDs from the

front panel.

• Reclosing/Synch-check Module (optional):

consisting of an independent microcontroller (16 bits Intel 80C196) with its IC logic, signals,

contact inputs and outputs.

1. 4. UNIQUE FEATURES

1.4.1 Fault Detection Software

REL301/302 fault-detection software operates in two modes: Background and Fault mode.

The REL301/302 relay normally operates in the “Background mode”. During non-fault operation

(Background mode), the REL301/302 Microprocessor checks hardware, services the man-ma-

chine interface including communication port(s), and checks for a disturbances in voltage or cur-

rent which indicates a potential fault. If a disturbance is seen, the program switches to the “Fault

mode”, for several power cycles, to perform phase and ground unit checks for each zone and

logic functions.

The REL301/302 relay program functions are shown in a ﬂow chart loop Figure 1-6, which the

Microprocessor repeats 8 times per power cycle. Most functions are performed all of the time,

in the background mode, as shown. An important detail (not shown in Figure 1-6) is that many

I.L. 40-386.4

1-5

of the checks are broken into small parcels, so that the whole complement of tasks is performed

over a one-cycle period (eight passes through the loop). Some checks are performed more than

once per cycle (e.g. critical timers).

The REL301/302 sampling software has 8 states; these states correspond to the sampling rate

(8 samples per cycle). Movement from state to state is controlled by a timer. The timer is loaded

with a state time at the beginning of the state.The code executed within a state must be com-

pleted before the timer expires. The software then waits for the timer to time out. If the timer

expires before the code has completed execution, a time out error results, blocking relay trip-

ping.

The fundamental frequency components are extracted from the samples (each cycle) and con-

verted to voltage and current phasor values using a Fourier notch-ﬁlter algorithm. During the

process, the sum of squares of the inputs are accumulated to provide rms values of current and

voltage. The Fourier coefﬁcients and sums are calculated for computing the phase angles. The

sum of squares and the sums of the Fourier coefﬁcients are updated for each sample, using the

information from the previous seven samples, to provide a full cycle of data.

1.4.2 Fault Mode and Restricted Fault Tests

Upon entry into the fault mode, the sums of the Fourier coefﬁcients and sum of squares from

the background mode are stored. New sums are obtained, using fault data, to which offset com-

pensation has been applied.

To speed up tripping for severe faults, restricted fault testing is implemented. The last half cycle

of background mode input samples and the ﬁrst half cycle of fault mode input samples are used

to compute the current and voltage vectors and rms values. No dc offset compensation is per-

formed. High-set instantaneous overcurrent and Zone-1 distance unit tests are executed. Re-

stricted fault testing can speed up tripping by as much as one cycle for high current, close-in

faults, up to approximately 50% of the setting reach.

Instantaneous overcurrent, inverse time overcurrent protection, and out-of-step blocking are

also conducted during the fault mode and background mode.

For Zone-2 and Zone-3 faults, impedance computation and checking will continue throughout

the speciﬁed time delay. The impedance calculation will be performed once every cycle, in the

fault mode and then continued in the background mode.

1.4.3 Unique Characteristics of REL301/302

A unique characteristic of the REL301/302 system is its phase selection principle. It deter-

mines the sum of positive and negative sequence currents for each phase by a novel method

which excludes the inﬂuence of pre-fault load current. From this information, the fault type can

be clearly identified and the actual distance to the fault can be estimated using a calculation

based on the selected fault type.

High-resistance ground-fault detection is available in REL301/302. Sensitive directional pilot

tripping is activated through an FDOG Timer. The pilot ground distance unit is always active

and can have the priority for tripping dependent on the FDOG Timer setting.

Load-loss tripping entails high-speed, essentially simultaneous clearing at both terminals of

a transmission line for all fault types, except three-phase, without the need of a pilot channel.

Any fault location on the protected circuit will be within the reach of the Zone-1 relays at one or

both terminals. This causes direct tripping of the local breaker without the need for any informa-

I.L. 40-386.4

1-6

tion from the remote terminal. The remote terminal recognizes the loss of load-current in the

unfaulted phase(s) as evidence of tripping of the remote breaker. This, coupled with Zone-2 dis-

tance or directional overcurrent ground-fault recognition at the remote terminal, allows immedi-

ate tripping to take place at that terminal by bypassing the remaining zone 2 delay time.

1.4.4 Self-checking Software

REL301/302 continuously monitors its ac input subsystems using multiple A/D converter cali-

bration-check inputs, plus loss-of-potential and loss-of-current monitoring. Failures of the A/D

converter or any problem in a single ac channel, which unbalances non-fault inputs, causes an

alarm and blocks tripping. Self-checking software includes the following functions:

a. A/D Converter Check

b. Program Memory Checksum

Immediately upon power-up, the relay does a complete EPROM checksum of program

memory. After power-up, the REL301/302 continually computes the program memory

checksum.

c. Power-up Volatile RAM Check

Immediately upon power-up, the relay does a complete test of the RAM data memory. After

power-up, the REL301/302 continually performs the RAM check.

d. Non-volatile RAM Check

All front-panel-entered constants (settings) are stored in non-volatile RAM in three identical

arrays. These arrays are continuously checked by the program. If any of the three array

entrees disagree, a non-volatile RAM failure is detected.

1. 5. UNIQUE REMOTE COMMUNICATION PROGRAM (RCP)

Special remote communications software, RCP is provided for obtaining fault, metering and cur-

rent settings data as well as sending data to the REL301/302. RCP can best be described as a

user friendly way of using a personal computer (PC) to communicate with ABB protective relays

by way of pull-downs menus. By coupling a computer with the appropriate communications

hardware, it is possible to perform all relay setting and data interactions that are possible from

the man-machine interface. RCP is

required

to communicate with the REL301/302 via the com-

munication port(s). Refer to RCP instruction manual, I.L. 40-603, for detailed information.

1.5.1 ABB Bulletin Board

The ABB Relay Division Bulletin Board (BBS) is now on line. To obtain the latest version of RCP

software, please call the ABB BBS via modem at:

(800) 338-0581 or (954) 755-3250

Using conﬁguration settings 300-14,400 bits/second, 8 data bits, 1 stop bit, no parity and full

duplex. Once the connection is established and login is completed, choose L - Library of Files

from the TOP menu. Next, select D - Down Load File, from the Library of Files, RCPxxx.EXE

(where xxx is the most recent version number e.g. 181 for version 1.81). RCPxxx.EXE is a com-

pressed, self extracting ﬁle which is expanded and installed by simply typing RCPxxx and fol-

lowing the instructions.

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