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PowerSwitch S3048-ON

Dell PowerSwitch S3048-ON User guide

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Dell EMC Conguration Guide for the S3048–ON
System
9.14.0.0
Notes, cautions, and warnings
NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your product.
CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the problem.
WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.
Copyright © 2018 Dell Inc. or its subsidiaries. All rights reserved. Dell, EMC, and other trademarks are trademarks of Dell Inc. or its subsidiaries. Other
trademarks may be trademarks of their respective owners.
2018 - 07
Rev. A00
Contents
1 About this Guide...........................................................................................................................................34
Audience............................................................................................................................................................................34
Conventions......................................................................................................................................................................34
Related Documents......................................................................................................................................................... 34
2 Conguration Fundamentals........................................................................................................................ 35
Accessing the Command Line........................................................................................................................................35
CLI Modes.........................................................................................................................................................................35
Navigating CLI Modes............................................................................................................................................... 37
The do Command............................................................................................................................................................ 40
Undoing Commands........................................................................................................................................................ 40
Obtaining Help...................................................................................................................................................................41
Entering and Editing Commands.................................................................................................................................... 41
Command History............................................................................................................................................................ 42
Filtering show Command Outputs.................................................................................................................................42
Example of the grep Keyword.................................................................................................................................. 42
Multiple Users in Conguration Mode...........................................................................................................................43
3 Getting Started............................................................................................................................................45
Console Access................................................................................................................................................................46
Serial Console.............................................................................................................................................................46
Accessing the CLI Interface and Running Scripts Using SSH....................................................................................47
Entering CLI commands Using an SSH Connection..............................................................................................47
Executing Local CLI Scripts Using an SSH Connection........................................................................................ 47
Default Conguration...................................................................................................................................................... 48
Conguring a Host Name............................................................................................................................................... 48
Accessing the System Remotely....................................................................................................................................48
Accessing the System Remotely..............................................................................................................................48
Congure the Management Port IP Address......................................................................................................... 48
Congure a Management Route..............................................................................................................................49
Conguring a Username and Password..................................................................................................................49
Conguring the Enable Password..................................................................................................................................50
Conguration File Management.....................................................................................................................................50
Copy Files to and from the System..........................................................................................................................51
Mounting an NFS File System...................................................................................................................................51
Save the Running-Conguration..............................................................................................................................53
Congure the Overload Bit for a Startup Scenario............................................................................................... 54
Viewing Files...............................................................................................................................................................54
Compressing Conguration Files............................................................................................................................. 55
Managing the File System...............................................................................................................................................57
Enabling Software Features on Devices Using a Command Option..........................................................................58
View Command History.................................................................................................................................................. 59
Contents
3
Upgrading Dell EMC Networking OS............................................................................................................................ 59
Verify Software Images Before Installation...................................................................................................................59
Using HTTP for File Transfers........................................................................................................................................60
4 Management................................................................................................................................................62
Conguring Privilege Levels............................................................................................................................................62
Creating a Custom Privilege Level...........................................................................................................................63
Removing a Command from EXEC Mode.............................................................................................................. 63
Moving a Command from EXEC Privilege Mode to EXEC Mode........................................................................63
Allowing Access to CONFIGURATION Mode Commands....................................................................................63
Allowing Access to Dierent Modes........................................................................................................................63
Applying a Privilege Level to a Username...............................................................................................................65
Applying a Privilege Level to a Terminal Line.......................................................................................................... 65
Conguring Logging........................................................................................................................................................ 65
Audit and Security Logs............................................................................................................................................ 66
Conguring Logging Format ...................................................................................................................................68
Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration..................................................................................68
Setting Up a Secure Connection to a Syslog Server.............................................................................................69
Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server...................................................................................................... 70
Track Login Activity..........................................................................................................................................................70
Restrictions for Tracking Login Activity...................................................................................................................70
Conguring Login Activity Tracking......................................................................................................................... 70
Display Login Statistics...............................................................................................................................................71
Limit Concurrent Login Sessions....................................................................................................................................72
Restrictions for Limiting the Number of Concurrent Sessions.............................................................................72
Conguring Concurrent Session Limit.....................................................................................................................73
Enabling the System to Clear Existing Sessions.................................................................................................... 73
Enabling Secured CLI Mode............................................................................................................................................74
Log Messages in the Internal Buer.............................................................................................................................. 74
Conguration Task List for System Log Management...........................................................................................74
Disabling System Logging................................................................................................................................................74
Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server............................................................................................................ 75
Conguring a UNIX System as a Syslog Server.....................................................................................................75
Changing System Logging Settings...............................................................................................................................75
Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration........................................................................................ 76
Conguring a UNIX Logging Facility Level.................................................................................................................... 77
Synchronizing Log Messages......................................................................................................................................... 78
Enabling Timestamp on Syslog Messages.................................................................................................................... 78
File Transfer Services.......................................................................................................................................................79
Conguration Task List for File Transfer Services..................................................................................................79
Enabling the FTP Server........................................................................................................................................... 79
Conguring FTP Server Parameters........................................................................................................................79
Conguring FTP Client Parameters.........................................................................................................................80
Terminal Lines...................................................................................................................................................................80
Denying and Permitting Access to a Terminal Line.................................................................................................81
Conguring Login Authentication for Terminal Lines.............................................................................................82
4
Contents
Setting Timeout for EXEC Privilege Mode................................................................................................................... 83
Using Telnet to get to Another Network Device..........................................................................................................83
Lock CONFIGURATION Mode....................................................................................................................................... 84
Viewing the Conguration Lock Status...................................................................................................................84
LPC Bus Quality Degradation......................................................................................................................................... 84
LBQA (LPC Bus Quality Analyzer) Failure Detection mode..................................................................................85
Reloading the system...................................................................................................................................................... 85
Viewing the Reason for Last System Reboot.............................................................................................................. 86
5 802.1X..........................................................................................................................................................87
Port-Authentication Process..........................................................................................................................................89
EAP over RADIUS......................................................................................................................................................89
Conguring 802.1X...........................................................................................................................................................90
Related Conguration Tasks..................................................................................................................................... 90
Important Points to Remember......................................................................................................................................90
Conguring dot1x Prole .................................................................................................................................................91
Conguring MAC addresses for a do1x Prole..............................................................................................................91
Conguring the Static MAB and MAB Prole ..............................................................................................................91
Conguring Critical VLAN ..............................................................................................................................................92
Enabling 802.1X................................................................................................................................................................ 94
Conguring Request Identity Re-Transmissions...........................................................................................................95
Conguring a Quiet Period after a Failed Authentication..................................................................................... 96
Forcibly Authorizing or Unauthorizing a Port................................................................................................................97
Re-Authenticating a Port................................................................................................................................................ 97
Conguring Timeouts......................................................................................................................................................98
Conguring Dynamic VLAN Assignment with Port Authentication.......................................................................... 99
Guest and Authentication-Fail VLANs.........................................................................................................................100
Conguring a Guest VLAN...................................................................................................................................... 101
Conguring an Authentication-Fail VLAN..............................................................................................................101
6 Access Control List (ACL) VLAN Groups and Content Addressable Memory (CAM).................................. 103
Optimizing CAM Utilization During the Attachment of ACLs to VLANs................................................................. 103
Guidelines for Conguring ACL VLAN Groups........................................................................................................... 104
Conguring ACL VLAN Groups and Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters...............................................104
Conguring ACL VLAN Groups.............................................................................................................................. 104
Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters.......................................................................................................105
Viewing CAM Usage...................................................................................................................................................... 106
Allocating FP Blocks for VLAN Processes...................................................................................................................107
7 Access Control Lists (ACLs)....................................................................................................................... 109
IP Access Control Lists (ACLs)......................................................................................................................................110
CAM Usage.................................................................................................................................................................111
Implementing ACLs on Dell EMC Networking OS................................................................................................. 111
Important Points to Remember.....................................................................................................................................113
Conguration Task List for Route Maps.................................................................................................................113
Conguring Match Routes.......................................................................................................................................115
Contents
5
Conguring Set Conditions...................................................................................................................................... 117
Congure a Route Map for Route Redistribution..................................................................................................118
Congure a Route Map for Route Tagging............................................................................................................ 118
Continue Clause........................................................................................................................................................ 119
IP Fragment Handling..................................................................................................................................................... 119
IP Fragments ACL Examples................................................................................................................................... 119
Layer 4 ACL Rules Examples...................................................................................................................................120
Congure a Standard IP ACL........................................................................................................................................120
Conguring a Standard IP ACL Filter......................................................................................................................121
Congure an Extended IP ACL..................................................................................................................................... 122
Conguring Filters with a Sequence Number....................................................................................................... 122
Conguring Filters Without a Sequence Number.................................................................................................124
Congure Layer 2 and Layer 3 ACLs............................................................................................................................124
Assign an IP ACL to an Interface..................................................................................................................................125
Applying an IP ACL.........................................................................................................................................................125
Counting ACL Hits....................................................................................................................................................126
Congure Ingress ACLs................................................................................................................................................. 126
Congure Egress ACLs.................................................................................................................................................. 127
Applying Egress Layer 3 ACLs (Control-Plane).................................................................................................... 128
IP Prex Lists.................................................................................................................................................................. 128
Implementation Information.................................................................................................................................... 129
Conguration Task List for Prex Lists.................................................................................................................. 129
ACL Remarks.................................................................................................................................................................. 132
Conguring a Remark.............................................................................................................................................. 132
Deleting a Remark.................................................................................................................................................... 133
ACL Resequencing......................................................................................................................................................... 134
Resequencing an ACL or Prex List.......................................................................................................................134
Route Maps.....................................................................................................................................................................135
Implementation Information.................................................................................................................................... 135
Logging of ACL Processes............................................................................................................................................ 136
Guidelines for Conguring ACL Logging................................................................................................................137
Conguring ACL Logging.........................................................................................................................................137
Flow-Based Monitoring..................................................................................................................................................138
Behavior of Flow-Based Monitoring.......................................................................................................................138
Enabling Flow-Based Monitoring............................................................................................................................139
8 Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD)................................................................................................... 141
How BFD Works.............................................................................................................................................................. 141
BFD Packet Format..................................................................................................................................................142
BFD Sessions............................................................................................................................................................ 143
BFD Three-Way Handshake.................................................................................................................................... 144
Session State Changes............................................................................................................................................146
Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................................... 146
Congure BFD................................................................................................................................................................ 146
Congure BFD for Physical Ports...........................................................................................................................147
Congure BFD for Static Routes............................................................................................................................148
6
Contents
Congure BFD for IPv6 Static Routes...................................................................................................................152
Congure BFD for OSPF.........................................................................................................................................154
Congure BFD for OSPFv3.....................................................................................................................................157
Congure BFD for IS-IS...........................................................................................................................................160
Congure BFD for BGP........................................................................................................................................... 162
Congure BFD for VRRP.........................................................................................................................................170
Conguring Protocol Liveness................................................................................................................................ 172
9 Border Gateway Protocol (BGP).................................................................................................................173
Border Gateway Protocol version 4 (BGPv4).............................................................................................................173
Autonomous Systems (AS)........................................................................................................................................... 173
AS4 Number Representation.................................................................................................................................. 175
Four-Byte AS Numbers............................................................................................................................................177
Multiprotocol BGP.......................................................................................................................................................... 177
MBGP for IPv4 MulticastBGP Address Family modelIPv4 and IPv6 address family........................................178
Sessions and Peers.........................................................................................................................................................178
Establish a Session................................................................................................................................................... 178
Implementing BGP global and address family............................................................................................................. 179
BGP global conguration default values................................................................................................................180
BGP Attributes for selecting Best Path.......................................................................................................................180
Best Path Selection Criteria.....................................................................................................................................181
Weight........................................................................................................................................................................182
Local Preference.......................................................................................................................................................183
Multi-Exit Discriminators (MEDs)...........................................................................................................................183
Origin..........................................................................................................................................................................184
AS Path......................................................................................................................................................................185
Next Hop................................................................................................................................................................... 185
Implement BGP with Dell EMC Networking OS.........................................................................................................186
Additional Path (Add-Path) Support......................................................................................................................186
Advertise IGP Cost as MED for Redistributed Routes........................................................................................ 186
Ignore Router-ID in Best-Path Calculation.............................................................................................................187
AS Number Migration...............................................................................................................................................187
BGP4 Management Information Base (MIB)........................................................................................................188
Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 188
Conguration Information..............................................................................................................................................189
Conguring a basic BGP network................................................................................................................................ 189
Enabling BGP............................................................................................................................................................ 189
Conguring a BGP peer...........................................................................................................................................192
Conguring AS4 Number Representations........................................................................................................... 193
Conguring a BGP VRF address family................................................................................................................. 194
Route-refresh and Soft-reconguration................................................................................................................196
Aggregating Routes..................................................................................................................................................199
Filtering BGP Routes................................................................................................................................................199
Filtering BGP Routes Using Route Maps...............................................................................................................201
Filtering BGP Routes Using AS-PATH Information.............................................................................................. 201
Conguring Peer Groups........................................................................................................................................ 202
Contents
7
Conguring BGP Fast Fall-Over.............................................................................................................................210
Conguring Passive Peering.................................................................................................................................... 211
Maintaining Existing AS Numbers During an AS Migration................................................................................. 212
Allowing an AS Number to Appear in its Own AS Path....................................................................................... 213
Enabling Graceful Restart........................................................................................................................................214
Filtering on an AS-Path Attribute........................................................................................................................... 215
Regular Expressions as Filters.................................................................................................................................216
Redistributing Routes...............................................................................................................................................217
Enabling Additional Paths........................................................................................................................................ 218
Conguring IP Community Lists............................................................................................................................. 218
Conguring an IP Extended Community List........................................................................................................219
Filtering Routes with Community Lists................................................................................................................. 220
Manipulating the COMMUNITY Attribute.............................................................................................................221
Changing MED Attributes.......................................................................................................................................222
Changing the LOCAL_PREFERENCE Attribute..................................................................................................223
Conguring the local System or a Dierent System to be the Next Hop for BGP-Learned Routes.............223
Changing the WEIGHT Attribute........................................................................................................................... 224
Enabling Multipath...................................................................................................................................................224
Route Reectors......................................................................................................................................................225
Conguring BGP Confederations.......................................................................................................................... 226
Enabling Route Flap Dampening............................................................................................................................ 226
Changing BGP Timers.............................................................................................................................................229
Setting the extended timer.................................................................................................................................... 229
Enabling or disabling BGP neighbors.....................................................................................................................230
Route Map Continue................................................................................................................................................ 231
Enabling MBGP Congurations....................................................................................................................................232
MBGP support for IPv6................................................................................................................................................232
Conguring IPv6 MBGP between peers.....................................................................................................................232
Example-Conguring IPv4 and IPv6 neighbors......................................................................................................... 233
Congure IPv6 NH Automatically for IPv6 Prex Advertised over IPv4 Neighbor............................................... 235
BGP Regular Expression Optimization........................................................................................................................ 237
Debugging BGP..............................................................................................................................................................237
Storing Last and Bad PDUs....................................................................................................................................238
Capturing PDUs....................................................................................................................................................... 239
PDU Counters.......................................................................................................................................................... 240
10 Content Addressable Memory (CAM)....................................................................................................... 241
CAM Allocation............................................................................................................................................................... 241
Test CAM Usage............................................................................................................................................................ 243
View CAM-ACL Settings.............................................................................................................................................. 243
View CAM Usage...........................................................................................................................................................245
Conguring CAM Threshold and Silence Period........................................................................................................245
Setting CAM Threshold and Silence Period......................................................................................................... 245
CAM Optimization......................................................................................................................................................... 246
Troubleshoot CAM Proling..........................................................................................................................................246
QoS CAM Region Limitation...................................................................................................................................246
8
Contents
11 Control Plane Policing (CoPP).................................................................................................................. 248
Congure Control Plane Policing................................................................................................................................. 249
Conguring CoPP for Protocols............................................................................................................................ 250
Conguring CoPP for CPU Queues...................................................................................................................... 252
CoPP for OSPFv3 Packets.....................................................................................................................................253
Conguring CoPP for OSPFv3.............................................................................................................................. 256
Displaying CoPP Conguration .............................................................................................................................256
12 Dynamic Host Conguration Protocol (DHCP).........................................................................................259
DHCP Packet Format and Options............................................................................................................................. 259
Assign an IP Address using DHCP................................................................................................................................261
Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................262
Congure the System to be a DHCP Server..............................................................................................................262
Conguring the Server for Automatic Address Allocation..................................................................................263
Specifying a Default Gateway................................................................................................................................ 264
Congure a Method of Hostname Resolution..................................................................................................... 265
Using DNS for Address Resolution........................................................................................................................265
Using NetBIOS WINS for Address Resolution..................................................................................................... 265
Creating Manual Binding Entries............................................................................................................................265
Debugging the DHCP Server.................................................................................................................................266
Using DHCP Clear Commands.............................................................................................................................. 266
Congure the System to be a Relay Agent................................................................................................................ 266
Congure the System to be a DHCP Client............................................................................................................... 268
Conguring the DHCP Client System...................................................................................................................268
DHCP Client on a Management Interface............................................................................................................269
DHCP Client Operation with Other Features....................................................................................................... 270
DHCP Relay When DHCP Server and Client are in Dierent VRFs......................................................................... 271
Conguring Route Leaking between VRFs on DHCP Relay Agent.................................................................... 271
Congure the System for User Port Stacking (Option 230)....................................................................................272
Congure Secure DHCP............................................................................................................................................... 272
Option 82.................................................................................................................................................................. 273
DHCP Snooping....................................................................................................................................................... 273
Drop DHCP Packets on Snooped VLANs Only.................................................................................................... 278
Dynamic ARP Inspection.........................................................................................................................................278
Conguring Dynamic ARP Inspection....................................................................................................................279
Source Address Validation............................................................................................................................................ 280
Enabling IP Source Address Validation..................................................................................................................280
DHCP MAC Source Address Validation................................................................................................................. 281
Enabling IP+MAC Source Address Validation........................................................................................................281
Viewing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets....................................................................................................282
Clearing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets................................................................................................... 282
13 Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP)................................................................................................................ 283
ECMP for Flow-Based Anity.....................................................................................................................................283
Conguring the Hash Algorithm............................................................................................................................ 283
Contents
9
Enabling Deterministic ECMP Next Hop.............................................................................................................. 283
Conguring the Hash Algorithm Seed.................................................................................................................. 284
Link Bundle Monitoring................................................................................................................................................. 284
Managing ECMP Group Paths...............................................................................................................................285
Creating an ECMP Group Bundle..........................................................................................................................285
Modifying the ECMP Group Threshold.................................................................................................................285
14 FIPS Cryptography................................................................................................................................... 287
Conguration Tasks........................................................................................................................................................287
Preparing the System....................................................................................................................................................287
Enabling FIPS Mode...................................................................................................................................................... 288
Generating Host-Keys...................................................................................................................................................288
Monitoring FIPS Mode Status......................................................................................................................................288
Disabling FIPS Mode..................................................................................................................................................... 289
15 Force10 Resilient Ring Protocol (FRRP)...................................................................................................290
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................290
Ring Status................................................................................................................................................................291
Multiple FRRP Rings................................................................................................................................................ 291
Important FRRP Points...........................................................................................................................................292
Important FRRP Concepts..................................................................................................................................... 293
Implementing FRRP.......................................................................................................................................................294
FRRP Conguration...................................................................................................................................................... 294
Creating the FRRP Group.......................................................................................................................................294
Conguring the Control VLAN...............................................................................................................................295
Conguring and Adding the Member VLANs...................................................................................................... 296
Setting the FRRP Timers........................................................................................................................................297
Clearing the FRRP Counters.................................................................................................................................. 297
Viewing the FRRP Conguration........................................................................................................................... 297
Viewing the FRRP Information...............................................................................................................................297
Troubleshooting FRRP.................................................................................................................................................. 298
Conguration Checks..............................................................................................................................................298
Sample Conguration and Topology............................................................................................................................298
FRRP Support on VLT...................................................................................................................................................299
Example Scenario.................................................................................................................................................... 300
Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 301
16 GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP)..............................................................................................302
Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................... 302
Congure GVRP............................................................................................................................................................ 303
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................303
Enabling GVRP Globally................................................................................................................................................ 304
Enabling GVRP on a Layer 2 Interface........................................................................................................................304
Congure GVRP Registration...................................................................................................................................... 304
Congure a GARP Timer.............................................................................................................................................. 305
RPM Redundancy..........................................................................................................................................................305
10
Contents
17 High Availability (HA)................................................................................................................................307
Component Redundancy.............................................................................................................................................. 307
Automatic and Manual Stack Unit Failover...........................................................................................................307
Synchronization between Management and Standby Units..............................................................................308
Forcing a Stack Unit Failover................................................................................................................................. 308
Specifying an Auto-Failover Limit..........................................................................................................................309
Disabling Auto-Reboot............................................................................................................................................ 309
Pre-Conguring a Stack Unit Slot............................................................................................................................... 309
Removing a Provisioned Logical Stack Unit............................................................................................................... 309
Hitless Behavior............................................................................................................................................................. 309
Graceful Restart............................................................................................................................................................. 310
Software Resiliency........................................................................................................................................................310
Software Component Health Monitoring..............................................................................................................310
System Health Monitoring.......................................................................................................................................310
Failure and Event Logging........................................................................................................................................ 311
Hot-Lock Behavior.......................................................................................................................................................... 311
18 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP).......................................................................................... 312
IGMP Implementation Information............................................................................................................................... 312
IGMP Protocol Overview...............................................................................................................................................312
IGMP Version 2.........................................................................................................................................................312
IGMP Version 3.........................................................................................................................................................314
Congure IGMP.............................................................................................................................................................. 317
Related Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................317
Viewing IGMP Enabled Interfaces................................................................................................................................318
Selecting an IGMP Version............................................................................................................................................318
Viewing IGMP Groups....................................................................................................................................................319
Adjusting Timers............................................................................................................................................................. 319
Adjusting Query and Response Timers..................................................................................................................319
Preventing a Host from Joining a Group.................................................................................................................... 320
Enabling IGMP Immediate-Leave.................................................................................................................................323
IGMP Snooping..............................................................................................................................................................323
IGMP Snooping Implementation Information....................................................................................................... 323
Conguring IGMP Snooping...................................................................................................................................323
Removing a Group-Port Association..................................................................................................................... 324
Disabling Multicast Flooding...................................................................................................................................324
Specifying a Port as Connected to a Multicast Router...................................................................................... 325
Conguring the Switch as Querier........................................................................................................................ 325
Fast Convergence after MSTP Topology Changes...................................................................................................326
Egress Interface Selection (EIS) for HTTP and IGMP Applications........................................................................326
Protocol Separation.................................................................................................................................................326
Enabling and Disabling Management Egress Interface Selection...................................................................... 327
Handling of Management Route Conguration................................................................................................... 328
Handling of Switch-Initiated Trac....................................................................................................................... 329
Handling of Switch-Destined Trac......................................................................................................................329
Contents
11
Handling of Transit Trac (Trac Separation).................................................................................................... 330
Mapping of Management Applications and Trac Type.....................................................................................330
Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Initiated Trac .............................................................................331
Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Destined Trac ...........................................................................332
Interworking of EIS With Various Applications.....................................................................................................333
Designating a Multicast Router Interface................................................................................................................... 333
19 Interfaces.................................................................................................................................................335
Basic Interface Conguration.......................................................................................................................................335
Advanced Interface Conguration...............................................................................................................................335
Interface Types...............................................................................................................................................................336
View Basic Interface Information.................................................................................................................................336
Resetting an Interface to its Factory Default State...................................................................................................338
Enabling a Physical Interface........................................................................................................................................339
Enabling Energy Ecient Ethernet..............................................................................................................................339
View EEE Information................................................................................................................................................... 339
Clear EEE Counters.......................................................................................................................................................344
Physical Interfaces.........................................................................................................................................................344
Conguration Task List for Physical Interfaces....................................................................................................345
Overview of Layer Modes...................................................................................................................................... 345
Conguring Layer 2 (Data Link) Mode..................................................................................................................345
Conguring Layer 2 (Interface) Mode.................................................................................................................. 346
Conguring Layer 3 (Network) Mode...................................................................................................................346
Conguring Layer 3 (Interface) Mode...................................................................................................................347
Automatic recovery of an Err-disabled interface....................................................................................................... 347
Conguring an automatic recovery for an Err-disabled interface......................................................................348
Egress Interface Selection (EIS)..................................................................................................................................348
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 349
Conguring EIS........................................................................................................................................................ 349
Management Interfaces................................................................................................................................................349
Conguring Management Interfaces.....................................................................................................................349
Conguring a Management Interface on an Ethernet Port................................................................................ 351
VLAN Interfaces............................................................................................................................................................ 352
Loopback Interfaces......................................................................................................................................................352
Null Interfaces................................................................................................................................................................ 353
Port Channel Interfaces................................................................................................................................................353
Port Channel Denition and Standards.................................................................................................................353
Port Channel Benets.............................................................................................................................................353
Port Channel Implementation.................................................................................................................................354
Interfaces in Port Channels.................................................................................................................................... 354
Conguration Tasks for Port Channel Interfaces.................................................................................................354
Creating a Port Channel......................................................................................................................................... 355
Adding a Physical Interface to a Port Channel.....................................................................................................355
Reassigning an Interface to a New Port Channel................................................................................................ 357
Conguring the Minimum Oper Up Links in a Port Channel.............................................................................. 358
Adding or Removing a Port Channel from a VLAN............................................................................................. 358
12
Contents
Assigning an IP Address to a Port Channel.......................................................................................................... 359
Deleting or Disabling a Port Channel.....................................................................................................................359
Load Balancing Through Port Channels............................................................................................................... 360
Changing the Hash Algorithm................................................................................................................................360
Bulk Conguration..........................................................................................................................................................361
Interface Range........................................................................................................................................................ 361
Bulk Conguration Examples..................................................................................................................................362
Dening Interface Range Macros................................................................................................................................ 363
Dene the Interface Range.................................................................................................................................... 363
Choosing an Interface-Range Macro.................................................................................................................... 363
Monitoring and Maintaining Interfaces....................................................................................................................... 364
Maintenance Using TDR.........................................................................................................................................365
Conguring wavelength for 10–Gigabit SFP+ optics................................................................................................365
Link Dampening..............................................................................................................................................................366
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 366
Conguration Example of Link Dampening.......................................................................................................... 366
Enabling Link Dampening........................................................................................................................................369
Link Bundle Monitoring..................................................................................................................................................370
Using Ethernet Pause Frames for Flow Control......................................................................................................... 371
Enabling Pause Frames............................................................................................................................................ 371
Congure the MTU Size on an Interface.................................................................................................................... 372
Port-Pipes.......................................................................................................................................................................373
Auto-Negotiation on Ethernet Interfaces................................................................................................................... 373
Setting the Speed of Ethernet Interfaces.............................................................................................................373
Set Auto-Negotiation Options................................................................................................................................374
View Advanced Interface Information.........................................................................................................................375
Conguring the Interface Sampling Size...............................................................................................................376
Conguring the Trac Sampling Size Globally...........................................................................................................377
Dynamic Counters..........................................................................................................................................................378
Clearing Interface Counters....................................................................................................................................379
Discard Counters............................................................................................................................................................379
Display discard counters......................................................................................................................................... 380
20 Internet Protocol Security (IPSec).......................................................................................................... 382
Conguring IPSec .........................................................................................................................................................382
21 IPv4 Routing.............................................................................................................................................384
IP Addresses...................................................................................................................................................................385
Implementation Information....................................................................................................................................385
Conguration Tasks for IP Addresses......................................................................................................................... 385
Assigning IP Addresses to an Interface.......................................................................................................................385
Conguring Static Routes............................................................................................................................................ 386
Congure Static Routes for the Management Interface.......................................................................................... 387
IPv4 Path MTU Discovery Overview.......................................................................................................................... 388
Packet handling during MTU mismatch................................................................................................................388
Using the Congured Source IP Address in ICMP Messages..................................................................................388
Contents
13
Conguring the ICMP Source Interface............................................................................................................... 388
Conguring the Duration to Establish a TCP Connection........................................................................................ 389
Enabling Directed Broadcast........................................................................................................................................ 389
Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................................................389
Enabling Dynamic Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................390
Specifying the Local System Domain and a List of Domains................................................................................... 390
Conguring DNS with Traceroute................................................................................................................................ 391
ARP.................................................................................................................................................................................. 391
Conguration Tasks for ARP........................................................................................................................................ 392
Conguring Static ARP Entries....................................................................................................................................392
Enabling Proxy ARP.......................................................................................................................................................392
Clearing ARP Cache......................................................................................................................................................393
ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................................393
Enabling ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................393
ARP Learning via ARP Request................................................................................................................................... 393
Conguring ARP Retries...............................................................................................................................................394
ICMP............................................................................................................................................................................... 395
Conguration Tasks for ICMP......................................................................................................................................395
Enabling ICMP Unreachable Messages...................................................................................................................... 395
UDP Helper.....................................................................................................................................................................395
Congure UDP Helper............................................................................................................................................ 395
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 396
Enabling UDP Helper.....................................................................................................................................................396
Congurations Using UDP Helper............................................................................................................................... 396
UDP Helper with Broadcast-All Addresses.................................................................................................................396
UDP Helper with Subnet Broadcast Addresses.........................................................................................................397
UDP Helper with Congured Broadcast Addresses..................................................................................................398
UDP Helper with No Congured Broadcast Addresses............................................................................................398
Troubleshooting UDP Helper........................................................................................................................................398
22 IPv6 Routing............................................................................................................................................400
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................400
Extended Address Space........................................................................................................................................ 401
Stateless Autoconguration....................................................................................................................................401
IPv6 Headers.............................................................................................................................................................401
IPv6 Header Fields...................................................................................................................................................402
Extension Header Fields......................................................................................................................................... 404
Addressing................................................................................................................................................................405
Implementing IPv6 with Dell EMC Networking OS...................................................................................................406
ICMPv6........................................................................................................................................................................... 407
Path MTU discovery..................................................................................................................................................... 408
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery..............................................................................................................................................408
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery of MTU Packets.......................................................................................................... 409
Conguration Task List for IPv6 RDNSS.................................................................................................................... 409
Conguring the IPv6 Recursive DNS Server....................................................................................................... 409
Debugging IPv6 RDNSS Information Sent to the Host ......................................................................................410
14
Contents
Displaying IPv6 RDNSS Information....................................................................................................................... 411
Secure Shell (SSH) Over an IPv6 Transport................................................................................................................411
Conguration Tasks for IPv6.........................................................................................................................................412
Adjusting Your CAM-Prole.....................................................................................................................................412
Assigning an IPv6 Address to an Interface............................................................................................................413
Assigning a Static IPv6 Route.................................................................................................................................413
Conguring Telnet with IPv6...................................................................................................................................414
SNMP over IPv6.......................................................................................................................................................414
Displaying IPv6 Information.....................................................................................................................................414
Displaying an IPv6 Interface Information...............................................................................................................415
Showing IPv6 Routes...............................................................................................................................................415
Showing the Running-Conguration for an Interface..........................................................................................417
Clearing IPv6 Routes................................................................................................................................................417
Disabling ND Entry Timeout.................................................................................................................................... 417
Conguring IPv6 RA Guard...........................................................................................................................................418
Conguring IPv6 RA Guard on an Interface..........................................................................................................419
Monitoring IPv6 RA Guard......................................................................................................................................420
23 Intermediate System to Intermediate System........................................................................................... 421
IS-IS Protocol Overview................................................................................................................................................ 421
IS-IS Addressing..............................................................................................................................................................421
Multi-Topology IS-IS...................................................................................................................................................... 422
Transition Mode........................................................................................................................................................422
Interface Support.....................................................................................................................................................423
Adjacencies...............................................................................................................................................................423
Graceful Restart.............................................................................................................................................................423
Timers........................................................................................................................................................................423
Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................423
Conguration Information.............................................................................................................................................424
Conguration Tasks for IS-IS..................................................................................................................................425
Conguring the Distance of a Route.....................................................................................................................432
Changing the IS-Type.............................................................................................................................................. 433
Redistributing IPv4 Routes.....................................................................................................................................435
Redistributing IPv6 Routes.....................................................................................................................................436
Conguring Authentication Passwords................................................................................................................. 437
Setting the Overload Bit......................................................................................................................................... 437
Debugging IS-IS....................................................................................................................................................... 438
IS-IS Metric Styles.........................................................................................................................................................439
Congure Metric Values............................................................................................................................................... 439
Maximum Values in the Routing Table.................................................................................................................. 439
Change the IS-IS Metric Style in One Level Only................................................................................................439
Leaks from One Level to Another...........................................................................................................................441
Sample Congurations.................................................................................................................................................. 442
24 Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP)...............................................................................................444
Introduction to Dynamic LAGs and LACP...................................................................................................................444
Contents
15
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................444
LACP Modes............................................................................................................................................................ 445
Conguring LACP Commands...............................................................................................................................445
LACP Conguration Tasks............................................................................................................................................ 446
Creating a LAG.........................................................................................................................................................446
Conguring the LAG Interfaces as Dynamic........................................................................................................ 446
Setting the LACP Long Timeout............................................................................................................................447
Monitoring and Debugging LACP.......................................................................................................................... 447
Shared LAG State Tracking.......................................................................................................................................... 448
Conguring Shared LAG State Tracking............................................................................................................... 448
Important Points about Shared LAG State Tracking...........................................................................................450
LACP Basic Conguration Example............................................................................................................................ 450
Congure a LAG on ALPHA................................................................................................................................... 450
25 Layer 2.................................................................................................................................................... 459
Manage the MAC Address Table................................................................................................................................. 459
Clearing the MAC Address Table........................................................................................................................... 459
Setting the Aging Time for Dynamic Entries........................................................................................................459
Conguring a Static MAC Address........................................................................................................................460
Displaying the MAC Address Table........................................................................................................................460
MAC Learning Limit.......................................................................................................................................................460
Setting the MAC Learning Limit............................................................................................................................. 461
mac learning-limit Dynamic..................................................................................................................................... 461
mac learning-limit mac-address-sticky.................................................................................................................. 461
mac learning-limit station-move............................................................................................................................ 462
mac learning-limit no-station-move.......................................................................................................................462
Learning Limit Violation Actions.............................................................................................................................462
Setting Station Move Violation Actions................................................................................................................ 463
Recovering from Learning Limit and Station Move Violations........................................................................... 463
Disabling MAC Address Learning on the System.................................................................................................464
NIC Teaming................................................................................................................................................................... 464
Congure Redundant Pairs.......................................................................................................................................... 465
Important Points about Conguring Redundant Pairs.........................................................................................467
Far-End Failure Detection.............................................................................................................................................468
FEFD State Changes...............................................................................................................................................469
Conguring FEFD.................................................................................................................................................... 470
Enabling FEFD on an Interface...............................................................................................................................470
Debugging FEFD.......................................................................................................................................................471
26 Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)......................................................................................................473
802.1AB (LLDP) Overview............................................................................................................................................473
Protocol Data Units..................................................................................................................................................473
Optional TLVs................................................................................................................................................................. 474
Management TLVs...................................................................................................................................................474
TIA-1057 (LLDP-MED) Overview.................................................................................................................................476
TIA Organizationally Specic TLVs........................................................................................................................ 476
16
Contents
Congure LLDP............................................................................................................................................................. 480
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................480
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 480
LLDP Compatibility...................................................................................................................................................481
CONFIGURATION versus INTERFACE Congurations............................................................................................. 481
Enabling LLDP.................................................................................................................................................................481
Disabling and Undoing LLDP.................................................................................................................................. 482
Enabling LLDP on Management Ports........................................................................................................................482
Disabling and Undoing LLDP on Management Ports.......................................................................................... 482
Advertising TLVs............................................................................................................................................................ 482
Storing and Viewing Unrecognized LLDP TLVs.........................................................................................................484
Reserved Unrecognized LLDP TLVs..................................................................................................................... 484
Organizational Specic Unrecognized LLDP TLVs.............................................................................................. 484
Viewing Unrecognized LLDP TLVs........................................................................................................................ 484
Viewing the LLDP Conguration................................................................................................................................. 485
Viewing Information Advertised by Adjacent LLDP Neighbors................................................................................485
Examples of Viewing Information Advertised by Neighbors.............................................................................. 485
Conguring LLDPDU Intervals..................................................................................................................................... 487
Conguring LLDP Notication Interval....................................................................................................................... 488
Conguring LLDP Notication Interval....................................................................................................................... 488
Conguring Transmit and Receive Mode....................................................................................................................488
Conguring the Time to Live Value............................................................................................................................. 489
Debugging LLDP............................................................................................................................................................490
Relevant Management Objects.................................................................................................................................... 491
27 Microsoft Network Load Balancing.......................................................................................................... 496
NLB Unicast Mode Scenario........................................................................................................................................496
NLB Multicast Mode Scenario.....................................................................................................................................496
Limitations of the NLB Feature.................................................................................................................................... 497
Microsoft Clustering......................................................................................................................................................497
Enable and Disable VLAN Flooding .............................................................................................................................497
Conguring a Switch for NLB ..................................................................................................................................... 497
Enabling a Switch for Multicast NLB.................................................................................................................... 498
28 Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP)......................................................................................... 499
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................499
Anycast RP.....................................................................................................................................................................500
Implementation Information.......................................................................................................................................... 501
Congure Multicast Source Discovery Protocol.........................................................................................................501
Related Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................501
Enable MSDP.................................................................................................................................................................505
Manage the Source-Active Cache..............................................................................................................................506
Viewing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................ 506
Limiting the Source-Active Cache.........................................................................................................................506
Clearing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................ 507
Enabling the Rejected Source-Active Cache....................................................................................................... 507
Contents
17
Accept Source-Active Messages that Fail the RFP Check......................................................................................507
Specifying Source-Active Messages........................................................................................................................... 510
Limiting the Source-Active Messages from a Peer.................................................................................................... 511
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Local Source........................................................................................................ 511
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Remote Source................................................................................................... 512
Preventing MSDP from Advertising a Local Source.................................................................................................. 512
Logging Changes in Peership States............................................................................................................................513
Terminating a Peership...................................................................................................................................................513
Clearing Peer Statistics..................................................................................................................................................514
Debugging MSDP...........................................................................................................................................................514
MSDP with Anycast RP.................................................................................................................................................515
Conguring Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................ 516
Reducing Source-Active Message Flooding..........................................................................................................517
Specifying the RP Address Used in SA Messages............................................................................................... 517
MSDP Sample Congurations...................................................................................................................................... 519
29 Multicast Listener Discovery Protocol..................................................................................................... 522
MLD Version 1................................................................................................................................................................ 522
MLD Querier Router......................................................................................................................................................522
Joining a Multicast Group.............................................................................................................................................523
Leaving a Multicast Group............................................................................................................................................523
MLD version 2................................................................................................................................................................523
MLD timers.....................................................................................................................................................................525
Reducing Host Response Burstiness.................................................................................................................... 526
Clearing MLD groups.....................................................................................................................................................526
Debugging MLD.............................................................................................................................................................526
Explicit Tracking............................................................................................................................................................. 526
Reducing Leave Latency...............................................................................................................................................526
Displaying MLD groups table........................................................................................................................................ 527
Displaying MLD Interfaces............................................................................................................................................ 527
MLD Snooping................................................................................................................................................................527
Enable MLD Snooping.............................................................................................................................................527
Disable MLD Snooping............................................................................................................................................528
Congure the switch as a querier..........................................................................................................................528
Specify port as connected to multicast router.................................................................................................... 528
Enable Snooping Explicit Tracking......................................................................................................................... 529
Display the MLD Snooping Table........................................................................................................................... 529
30 Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP)................................................................................................ 530
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................530
Spanning Tree Variations............................................................................................................................................... 531
Implementation Information.................................................................................................................................... 531
Congure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol.................................................................................................................531
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................532
Enable Multiple Spanning Tree Globally...................................................................................................................... 532
Adding and Removing Interfaces.................................................................................................................................532
18
Contents
Creating Multiple Spanning Tree Instances................................................................................................................ 533
Inuencing MSTP Root Selection................................................................................................................................534
Interoperate with Non-Dell Bridges.............................................................................................................................534
Changing the Region Name or Revision..................................................................................................................... 535
Modifying Global Parameters.......................................................................................................................................535
Modifying the Interface Parameters........................................................................................................................... 536
Conguring an EdgePort.............................................................................................................................................. 537
Flush MAC Addresses after a Topology Change....................................................................................................... 538
MSTP Sample Congurations......................................................................................................................................538
Router 1 Running-CongurationRouter 2 Running-CongurationRouter 3 Running-
CongurationSFTOS Example Running-Conguration.......................................................................................539
Debugging and Verifying MSTP Congurations........................................................................................................ 542
31 Multicast Features....................................................................................................................................544
Enabling IP Multicast.....................................................................................................................................................544
Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................544
Multicast Policies...........................................................................................................................................................545
IPv4 Multicast Policies............................................................................................................................................545
Understanding Multicast Traceroute (mtrace).......................................................................................................... 552
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 553
Printing Multicast Traceroute (mtrace) Paths........................................................................................................... 553
Supported Error Codes.................................................................................................................................................554
mtrace Scenarios...........................................................................................................................................................555
32 Object Tracking........................................................................................................................................ 561
Object Tracking Overview.............................................................................................................................................561
Track Layer 2 Interfaces..........................................................................................................................................562
Track Layer 3 Interfaces..........................................................................................................................................562
Track IPv4 and IPv6 Routes................................................................................................................................... 563
Set Tracking Delays................................................................................................................................................. 564
VRRP Object Tracking............................................................................................................................................ 564
Object Tracking Conguration..................................................................................................................................... 564
Tracking a Layer 2 Interface................................................................................................................................... 564
Tracking a Layer 3 Interface................................................................................................................................... 565
Track an IPv4/IPv6 Route...................................................................................................................................... 567
Displaying Tracked Objects...........................................................................................................................................570
33 Open Shortest Path First (OSPFv2 and OSPFv3)....................................................................................572
Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 572
Autonomous System (AS) Areas............................................................................................................................572
Area Types................................................................................................................................................................ 573
Networks and Neighbors........................................................................................................................................ 574
Router Types.............................................................................................................................................................574
Designated and Backup Designated Routers....................................................................................................... 576
Link-State Advertisements (LSAs)........................................................................................................................ 576
Router Priority and Cost......................................................................................................................................... 577
Contents
19
OSPF with Dell EMC Networking OS......................................................................................................................... 578
Graceful Restart.......................................................................................................................................................579
Fast Convergence (OSPFv2, IPv4 Only)..............................................................................................................580
Multi-Process OSPFv2 with VRF..........................................................................................................................580
OSPF ACK Packing................................................................................................................................................. 580
Setting OSPF Adjacency with Cisco Routers...................................................................................................... 580
Conguration Information..............................................................................................................................................581
Conguration Task List for OSPFv2 (OSPF for IPv4)......................................................................................... 581
OSPFv3 NSSA............................................................................................................................................................... 595
NSSA Options..........................................................................................................................................................595
Conguration Task List for OSPFv3 (OSPF for IPv6).............................................................................................. 596
Enabling IPv6 Unicast Routing...............................................................................................................................596
Applying cost for OSPFv3...................................................................................................................................... 597
Assigning IPv6 Addresses on an Interface............................................................................................................597
Assigning Area ID on an Interface..........................................................................................................................597
Assigning OSPFv3 Process ID and Router ID Globally........................................................................................598
Assigning OSPFv3 Process ID and Router ID to a VRF......................................................................................598
Conguring Stub Areas...........................................................................................................................................599
Conguring Passive-Interface................................................................................................................................599
Redistributing Routes..............................................................................................................................................599
Conguring a Default Route...................................................................................................................................600
Enabling OSPFv3 Graceful Restart.......................................................................................................................600
OSPFv3 Authentication Using IPsec.....................................................................................................................602
Troubleshooting OSPFv3........................................................................................................................................608
34 Policy-based Routing (PBR).....................................................................................................................610
Overview......................................................................................................................................................................... 610
Implementing PBR.......................................................................................................................................................... 611
Conguration Task List for Policy-based Routing....................................................................................................... 611
PBR Exceptions (Permit).........................................................................................................................................611
Create a Redirect List.............................................................................................................................................. 612
Create a Rule for a Redirect-list............................................................................................................................. 612
Apply a Redirect-list to an Interface using a Redirect-group.............................................................................. 614
Sample Conguration.....................................................................................................................................................616
Create the Redirect-List GOLDAssign Redirect-List GOLD to Interface 2/11View Redirect-List GOLD...... 617
35 PIM Sparse-Mode (PIM-SM).................................................................................................................. 620
Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................620
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................620
Requesting Multicast Trac...................................................................................................................................620
Refuse Multicast Trac...........................................................................................................................................621
Send Multicast Trac..............................................................................................................................................621
Conguring PIM-SM......................................................................................................................................................621
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................622
Enable PIM-SM..............................................................................................................................................................622
Conguring S,G Expiry Timers..................................................................................................................................... 624
20
Contents
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