SKX OPEN
SKX ADVANCE
ZN1RX-SKXOPEN
Edition 2
Version 1.1
PRODUCT MANUAL
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INDEX
1. Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 3
1.1. SKX Interface ............................................................................................................. 3
1.2. SKX Installation .......................................................................................................... 5
1.3. SKX Advance: Application Program ............................................................................ 5
1.3.1. SKX Advance Basic Specifications ....................................................................... 6
1.4. Differences between SKX Open and SKX Advance applications ................................... 6
1.5. Advantages of the product and the application .......................................................... 7
2. ETS Parameterization ........................................................................................................ 8
2.1. Communication configuration ................................................................................... 8
2.2. Frame configuration ................................................................................................ 11
2.2.1. Frame definition .............................................................................................. 11
2.2.2. Special frames .................................................................................................. 12
2.2.3. Special characters ............................................................................................ 14
2.3. Parameters Groups .................................................................................................. 17
2.3.1. 1 bit objects ..................................................................................................... 18
2.3.2. 1 byte Objects .................................................................................................. 20
2.3.3. 14 bytes Objects .............................................................................................. 26
2.4. Error objects ............................................................................................................ 28
2.4.1. Error examples ................................................................................................. 29
2.5. Configuration examples ........................................................................................... 34
2.5.1. 1 bit objects ..................................................................................................... 34
2.5.2. 1 byte objects .................................................................................................. 35
2.5.3. 14 bytes objects ............................................................................................... 38
3. Product summary ............................................................................................................ 40
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1. INTRODUCTION
1.1. SKX INTERFACE
SKX is a ZENNIO interface that allows the connection of the KNX bus with
other devices through a RS-232 serial and bidirectional communication.
Figure 1.1. SKX connection scheme
Nomenclature
They are defined below the most frequently used terms throughout this manual:
SKX: from now on, SKX will term the SKX Open interface, in order not to
create misunderstandings between the hardware and the application
program of the same name.
SKX Advance: application program that can be downloaded on SKX
and that allows managing the KNX – RS232 communication.
RS-232: serial communication type.
Data Terminal Equipment: external device that will be integrated
through the RS-232 serial port.
KNX
Installation
KNX
bus
RS-232
Data
Terminal
Equipment
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Next, the most significant characteristics of the interface are shown, as well as a
SKX elements scheme (figure 1.2):
Reduced size: 45 x 45 x 14 mm.
Several communication speeds and error detection mechanisms.
Ideal for M2M applications.
Data saving in case of bus power failure.
Figure 1.2. SKX. Elements scheme
The “Prog” button is used to set SKX in programming mode. If this button is
held while plugging the device into the KNX bus, it goes into secure mode.
SKX has a bicolour LED on the front of the hardware. This LED has a double
functionality: on the one hand, if it lights in red, it indicates that the interface is in
the programming mode and if the LED blinks red every 0.5 seconds, the
interface in the secure mode. On the other hand, the LED can work as a
transmission indicator. If it lights green, it indicates that data have been sent
or received through the serial port, staying on 0.3 seconds every time a
communication occurs.
SKX interface can be programmed with two different application programs: SKX
Open and SKX Advance, which differences will be explained in the section 1.4.
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1.2. SKX INSTALLATION
SKX installation is very easy: just connect the interface to the KNX bus through
its specific connector and SKX will be ready to be programmed.
SKX does not need external power supply different from the KNX bus one.
However, the RS-232 does need to be powered independently from the KNX
bus (this power is usually got from the terminal equipment connected to the
serial bus).
The SKX – RS232 connection is made through a specific terminal block that
eases its manipulation and installation.
In the following figure it can be seen a typical SKX – RS232 connection:
Figure 1.3. SKX - RS-232 connection
1.3. SKX ADVANCE: APPLICATION PROGRAM
SKX Advance is an application that can be downloaded on the SKX interface.
Its main function is to manage the communication between KNX and the RS-
232 protocol, allowing the configuration of all the interchanged information
between the bus and the terminal equipment. This information interchange is
bidirectional, i.e., it is possible to send data from the KNX bus to the terminal
equipment and vice versa. In the Figure 1.4 there is an example of this of
communication.
SKX Advance is able to send or receive any kind of communication frame
provided that it meets the criteria for RS-232 messages allowed (see section
2.2.1).
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Figure 1.4. Bidirectional communication
1.3.1. SKX ADVANCE BASIC SPECIFICATIONS
It is shown below the basic characteristics of the SKX Advance application:
Velocity: 1200, 1400, 4800, 9600 or 19200 bauds.
Parity: even, odd, no parity
Reception complete mode: Time Out, end-frame byte
Number of communication objects: 65 (40 of 1 bit, 20 of 1 byte and 5
of 14 bytes)
Error identification: several 1 bit objects
Protocol length: the frames configured by parameter in SKX Advance
may have a length greater than 25 bytes, thanks to the possibility of
using special characters on their configuration. Altogether, up to 29
bytes can be sent/received for every message.
1.4. DIFFERENCES BETWEEN SKX OPEN AND SKX ADVANCE
APPLICATIONS
SKX interface can be programmed with two different application programs:
SKX Open and SKX Advance.
The main differences between the two application programs are shown in the
next table:
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Table 1.1. Differences between SKX Open and SKX Advance
1.5. ADVANTAGES OF THE PRODUCT AND THE APPLICATION
The following advantages are associated to the fact of downloading the
application program SKX Advance on the SKX interface:
Expansion of the installation. It allows integrating in a KNX installation
other devices that do not have KNX communication but a RS-232 serial
port.
Adaptability. SKX Advance is able to perfectly adapt to the protocol that
governs the functioning of the terminal equipment, regardless its
complexity, i.e., SKX Advance adapts to the terminal equipment and
not the other way.
Communication versatility. SKX Advance has objects of different types
(1 bit, 1 byte, 14 bytes) with which it interchange information with the
terminal equipment in both directions (bidirectionality).
Configurability. The messages of the RS-232 communication can be
configured with all the normal characteristics of a serial communication,
like the header and footer frames, checksum, ACK, etc., thus enabling
the sending of dynamic messages of variable length.
SKX OPEN SKX ADVANCE
Number of Objects 48 65
Object Type 1 bit 1 bit
1 Byte
14 Bytes
Frame Type Fixed Variables (depending
on the object value)
Frame Length Up to 10 bytes Up to 29 bytes
Frames
Acknowledgement
The whole message
must match
Just acknowledgement
of indicated parts
(omission of the rest)
Checksum No Yes
Confirmation (ACK) No Yes
Configurability
- Communication
- Parameters Groups
- Communication
- Frames
- Parameters Groups
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2. ETS PARAMETERIZATION
With the SKX Advance application program is possible to integrate any terminal
equipment with RS-232 interface in a KNX installation if you know the
communication frames that the terminal equipment uses for every order.
SKX Advance has 65 communication objects of different sizes with which it
will be possible to interact with the KNX and RS-232 protocol. It has also
several 1 bit objects to detect possible errors. Therefore, every defined frame
has associated a communication object. All these objects will be explained in
detail in the corresponding sections.
The configurable ETS parameters for SKX Advance are presented below.
Figure 2.1. Default communications objects
Every configuration window of SKX Advance is explained next.
2.1. COMMUNICATION CONFIGURATION
The general configuration window that appears the first time “Edit Parameters”
is clicked on is the following:
Figure 2.2. SKX Advance: Communication Setup
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The following general parameters, related to the frame transmission, can be
configured in this window:
Velocity (bauds): 1200, 2400, 9600, 19200
Parity: No parity, odd, even
Time between frames to be sent (tenths of second): it is the
minimum time between frames to be sent through the serial port. This
parameter is used to separate consecutive frames that must be sent to
the terminal equipment. This can be useful, for example, when linking
more than one object to the same group address. Thus, SKX will be able
to send that frames in an orderly way, enabling a perfect reception and
interpretation of the frames on the terminal equipment. (Note: take into
account the terminal equipment characteristics when configuring the
“Time between frames” parameter).
Reception complete mode: indicates the way SKX Advance detects
when all the frame characters have been received. There are two ways
to detect the end of frame:
Time Out: it is a minimum time (milliseconds) between frames.
SKX Advance knows that a frame has been completely received
once this time has elapsed after receiving the last bit of the
frame.
End-frame byte: it is a byte with a specific value with an
unambiguous interpretation, so that SKX Advance will know the
frame reception has finished when it receives this byte. When
selecting this option, a new drop.-down box will appear, to
configure a security time out, defined as the maximum time SKX
Advance waits to receive the end-frame byte.
Note: before configuring a Time Out for the frame reception, please take into
account the sending duration of every byte, shown in the next table:
Velocity (baud
s)
Parity
Time/byte (ms)
1200
Yes 9,167
No 8,333
2400
Yes 4,583
No 4,167
4800
Yes 2,292
No 2,083
9600
Yes 1,146
No 1,042
19200
Yes 0,573
No 0,521
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If a Time Out of 3 milliseconds and a velocity of 2400 bauds are configured,
SKX Advance will provoke a “Time Out error” for every entry datum, since 4,583
milliseconds are necessary to complete a byte transfer (if there is a bit of parity),
value greater than the configured Time Out (3ms).
Note: this Time Out error is not indicated by none of the error identification
objects.
It is convenient to read the following example to better understand the Time Out
concept:
Example: one terminal equipment takes 80 ms to send its complete frame.
First Case (Time Out too long): the parameterized Time Out is 30 ms. The
terminal equipment sends a second frame just after the first one. The next
figure shows this behaviour.
Figure 2.3. Time Out too long
At the end of the first frame, the Time Out started to count but another frame
arrived before finishing the Time Out, so it was aborted and started to count
again at the end of the second frame. In this case, as the Time Out comes to
an end (30 ms), SKX Advance thinks that the frame has finished. But two
frames have arrived until the end of frame has been detected, so SKX
Advance considers the frame as unknown and it does not send anything.
Second Case (Time Out well defined): the defined Time Out is now 10 ms.
The next figure shows this behaviour:
Incorrect
TimeOut
Configuration
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Figure 2.4. Time Out well defined
In this case, the Time Out is well defined, so SKX Advance is able to
recognize the two sent frames.
So that, it is very important to define correctly the Time Out, taking into
account that the time between sent frames from the terminal equipment, since
as it was shown previously, a bad defined Time Out (too long or to short)
could generate errors when receiving the messages.
2.2. FRAME CONFIGURATION
2.2.1. FRAME DEFINITION
The definition/parameterization of the communication frames is carried out by
means of hexadecimal characters (2 characters for byte); therefore, only the
characters between 0-9 and A-F are allowed to define a frame (excepting the
special characters). It is compulsory that the characters A-F are in capitals.
Note: It is convenient to know that a hexadecimal frame, for example “0x2B
0x7F 0x34” must be typed on ETS this way: “2B7F34”.
When defining a serial port frame, ETS has a parameterization text box to type
up to 20 characters. In order to define a frame with more characters, thus
achieving a greater versatility in the communication (variable data, non fixed
frame sizes, etc.) it is allowed to configure different sections of the frame. This
way, it will possible to transmit/receive up to 29-bytes-frames.
Communication frames can be odd; what must necessarily be even is the set of
characters that are typed by parameter (2 characters for byte).
Correct
Time Out
Configuration
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The non-compliance of any of these frame parameterization requirements will
make SKX Advance to send error statuses to the KNX bus after being
programmed, through the communication objects enabled for that purpose and
that will be explained later in this manual.
2.2.2. SPECIAL FRAMES
There is the possibility of configuring a set of special frames that allow a
complete communication with the equipment that is going to be integrated in
the KNX installation through RS-232.
The utilization of these frames is completely optional. The aim of them is to
provide with enough mechanisms to generate dynamic messages in a
communication protocol, enabling the use of headers, footers, subframes, and
the sending of automated acknowledgements.
Figure 2.5. SKX Advance: Frame configuration (special frames)
Next, the explanation of each special frame:
Header: this frame can appear at the beginning of every sent or
received frame automatically (“Always”) or just when indicated in the
frame (“Only with key”) by means of the special character ‘@h’. If “No” is
chosen, the header will not be included in the frame.
Footer: this special frame is included at the end of the defined frames
(by parameter). Like header, its insertion can be disabled (“No”), or it
can be always included at the end of the frame (“Always”) or only when
indicated (“Only with key”) by means of the special character ‘@f’.
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Subframes 1 and 2: they can be included in any part of the defined
frame, by means of the keys ‘@1’ y ‘@2’ respectively.
Checksum: this special frame allows including a checksum, calculated
in every case (reception or sending) from the first byte till the byte before
the checksum one. It can be included in the frame by means of the key
‘@c’ or it can be pointed out that every frame has a determined
checksum at the end (after the footer, if any). There is also an additional
parameter (Offset) that tells the program to calculate the checksum
starting from the byte indicated in this parameter.
The supported checksum types are the following:
Parity word: XOR operation, byte by byte.
Modular sum: it sums all the frame bytes, modulo 256.
Modular sum complemented: similar to the previous one, but in
this case, the result is performed 2’s complement.
CRC-8 y CRC-16: cyclic redundancy check of 8 and 16 bits
respectively. It is necessary to write a decimal number to define
the CRC characteristic polynomial.
Acknowledgements (ACK): SKX Advance allows sending
automatically fixed ACK frames to any frame received from the serial
port. This frame is defined in the “ACK” field. The application program
also allows configuring a specific frame (in the “ACK reply” field) as an
acknowledgement sent by the terminal equipment, so when SKX
Advance receives this frame, it will not send any kind of ACK. Therefore,
it is necessary to define here the possible ACK frames that the terminal
equipment sends.
Figure 2.6. ACK frames and ACK reply
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2.2.3. SPECIAL CHARACTERS
As mentioned before, there is a set of special characters that can be added to
the defined frames to give them a greater a versatility, thus enabling the
generation and detection of a greater set of messages.
Besides, this type of characters intend to allow the utilization of regular
expressions in the frame definition.
Two groups can be distinguished: special characters for reception and special
characters for transmission and reception. Next, an explanation:
Special characters for reception: these characters can only be used in
the parameterization of frames that will be received through the serial
port; if they are used in the parameterization of frames to be sent, this
will generate an error message.
?1, ?2,… , ?9: the next 1, 2,…, 9 bytes will be ignored when
analyzing the frame.
Example: it is parameterized the sending of a “1” value through
the 1 bit communication objet number 2 if SKX receives the
following frame through the serial port: “AA?223”. The terminal
equipment starts sending frames, including the following:
“AA857D23”
SKX sends the corresponding object with a “1”
value, since the two bytes 857D are ignored, as it was specified
by parameter, and the fixed part of the frame matches the
parameterized one.
“AA112223”
same case as before. Now, SKX ignores the
bytes 1122.
“AA685AB923”
SKX Advance will not send the value of the
object, since the fixed part of the received frame does not match
the parameterized one. The device will ignore the 2 bytes that
follow AA (685A), as configured, and it will interpret B923 as the
fixed part of the frame and, as it does not match the defined 23,
the object number 2 will not send the “1” value.
**: it indicates that zero or more bytes of any value will appear
until finding the fixed part of the frame defined by parameter
(excluding the keys @h, @f, @1, @2). Therefore, the **
characters will represent the minimum set of characters found
before the detection of the constant part after **.
Example: it is parameterized the sending of the value “50”
through the 1 byte communication object number 41 when
receiving through the serial port the frame: “23**AB”. The
terminal equipment sends this:
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“231214AB”
SKX Advance starts analyzing the frame: 23 and
AB are the fixed parts of the frame and all the bytes found before
AB (constant part after ** in the frame definition) will be the
characters defined as **. The frame matches the frame
configured by parameter, so the object number 41 sends the
value 50.
“23ABAB”
in this case, SKX Advance interprets that ** in the
empty set, as there are no characters between 23 and the first
AB of the frame. SKX continues analyzing the frame and it finds
the AB characters again, thus interpreting a mismatch between
this frame and the parameterized one, so it does not send the
value 50 through the object 41.
Special characters for transmission and reception: these characters
can be used in the definition of incoming or outgoing frames.
Subframes Keys: they are defined this way “@ + character”
and represent the inclusion of one of the frames defined in the
“Frame configuration” window. The different possibilities are:
@h: includes a header frame.
@f: includes a footer frame.
@1, @2: includes the subframe 1 or 2, respectively.
@c: includes the checksum byte (or bytes).
##: this character indicates the variable part associated to the
communication object.
1 bit objects: it cannot be used.
1 byte objects: ## will always be 1 byte long. There are 4
cases in which this character can be used:
Send variable frame: SKX Advance will
automatically insert the value of the corresponding
communication object in the position of the frame
occupied by the character ##.
Example: it is defined by parameter this variable frame:
“1234##55”. The 1 byte communication object number 44
receives the value 16 (decimal) through the KNX bus.
Therefore, SKX Advance will send to the terminal
equipment the frame “12341055”.
(Note: SKX converts the 16 decimal value into its
hexadecimal equivalent (0x10) and inserts it in the
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position occupied by ## in the ETS definition of the frame
to sent it properly).
Get variable object: the communication object will
have the value received on the position occupied by the
special character in the frame sent from the terminal
equipment.
Example: it is defined the following frame associated to
the 1 byte object number 48: “AA##E8”. The terminal
equipment sends this to SKX: “AA02E8”, so the object will
have the value 2 and will send it through the KNX bus.
Send variable frame (%): similar to send a variable
frame, but the value of the communication object will be
preciously converted from KNX percentage (0-255) to the
standard one (0-100 %).
Get variable object (%): similar to get a variable
object, but the variable byte will be converted from
standard percentage (0-100) to KNX percentage (0-255).
Note: when sending and receiving fixed frames, the character ## cannot be
used.
14 bytes objects: ## will always represent a chain of
characters. In the case of frame transmission, this will be the
point where SKX Advance should copy the characters
received from the KNX bus; in the case of reception, this will
the starting point of the characters frame that SKX Advance
must copy in the corresponding communication object.
In the sections 2.3.1, 2.3.2 y 2.3.3 there are some examples about the use of
special characters with the SKX Advance objects.
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2.3. PARAMETERS GROUPS
The communication object groups to use can be enabled here.
SKX Advance has a total of 65 communication objects, distributed this way:
There are 40 1-bit communication objects, whose object numbers are in the
range 0 to 39; 20 1-byte objects, between 40 and 59, and 5 14-bytes objects,
with numbers between 60 and 64.
When enabling the parameters groups, the parameter boxes corresponding to
each of them are shown:
Figure 2.7. SKX Advance: Parameters groups
It is necessary to enable the objects with which work, inside every parameters
group, and to configure the options for every kind of communication object.
Next, the different communication object types available are axplained:
Siz
e
Number of groups
Number of objects per group
1 bit 4 10
1 byte 2 10
14 bytes 1 5
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2.3.1. 1 BIT OBJECTS
The 1 bit objects allow sending a data frame from SKX to the terminal
equipment, through RS-232, when SKX receives through the KNX bus a value
previously parameterized in ETS (0 or 1) for the configured object (objects witn
number from 0 to 39). Besides, this kind of objects also allows the interface to
send a value (0 or 1) through a specific communication object (0-39) when SKX
receives a fixed frame from the terminal equipment, through RS-232.
Figure 2.8. 1 bit communication objects. Group 1
For instance, with the previous configuration, SKX will send to the terminal
equipment through RS-232 the frame “15301A” when SKX receives through the
KNX bus the object number 0 with a 0 value. And if the object number 1
receives a 1, SKX will send the frame “5200AD” to the terminal equipment.
Likewise, if the interface receives through RS-232 the frame
“AABBFF12345687988877”, SKX will write a 0 in the object number 2, whereas
it it receives the frame “0206AB”, SKX will write a 1 in the 1 bit object number 4.
When enabling a 1 bit communication object, two options are shown: one for
selecting the control mode and the other for defining the frame.
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Object X. Control mode: there are 4 control possibilites over every
object, through the following parameters:
Fot the KNX RS232 communication
Send frame is object is 0: Sending the frame (typed in the “Object
X. Frame” parameter) to the terminal equipment when receiving a
“0” through the KNX bus in the corresponding communication
object.
Example:
Send frame if object is 1: Sending the frame (typed in the “Object
X. Frame” parameter) to the terminal equipment when receiving a
“1” through the KNX bus in the corresponding communication
object.
Example:
For the RS232 KNX Communication
Object 0 if frame fits: Sending a “0” through the object when
receiving through the serial port a frame that fits the parameterized
one.
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Example:
Object is 1 if frame fits: Sending a “1” through the object when
receiving through the serial port a frame that fits the parameterized
one.
Example:
Objecto X. Frame: to define the frames for the communication. They
should comply with the requirements mentioned in the section “2.2.1.
Frame definition”.
2.3.2. 1 BYTE OBJECTS
The 1 bit objects allow sending a data frame from SKX to the terminal
equipment, through RS-232, when SKX receives through the KNX bus a value
previously parameterized in ETS (0-255) for the configured object (objects witn
number from 40 to 59). Besides, this kind of objects also allows the interface to
send a value (0-255) through a specific communication object (40-59) when
SKX receives a specific frame from the terminal equipment, through RS-232.
These frames can be fixed ir variable, depending on the value of the object and
the same for the ibject value, which can be fixed or dependent on the received
frame.
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