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Force10 MXL Blade

Dell Force10 MXL Blade Owner's manual

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Dell Networking Configuration Guide for the MXL
10 and
40GbE Switch IO Module
9.13.0.0
Notes, cautions, and warnings
NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your product.
CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the problem.
WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.
Copyright © 2017 Dell Inc. or its subsidiaries. All rights reserved. Dell, EMC, and other trademarks are trademarks of Dell Inc. or its subsidiaries. Other
trademarks may be trademarks of their respective owners.
2017 - 12
Rev. A00
Contents
1 About this Guide...........................................................................................................................................33
Audience............................................................................................................................................................................33
Conventions......................................................................................................................................................................33
Information Symbols........................................................................................................................................................33
Related Documents......................................................................................................................................................... 34
2 Conguration Fundamentals........................................................................................................................ 35
Accessing the Command Line........................................................................................................................................35
CLI Modes.........................................................................................................................................................................35
Navigating CLI Modes............................................................................................................................................... 36
The do Command............................................................................................................................................................ 39
Undoing Commands........................................................................................................................................................ 39
Obtaining Help..................................................................................................................................................................40
Entering and Editing Commands................................................................................................................................... 40
Command History.............................................................................................................................................................41
Filtering show Command Outputs..................................................................................................................................41
Multiple Users in Conguration Mode...........................................................................................................................42
3 Getting Started............................................................................................................................................44
Console Access................................................................................................................................................................45
Serial Console.............................................................................................................................................................45
External Serial Port with a USB Connector............................................................................................................47
Accessing the CLI Interface and Running Scripts Using SSH.................................................................................... 47
Entering CLI commands Using an SSH Connection..............................................................................................47
Executing Local CLI Scripts Using an SSH Connection........................................................................................47
Boot Process.................................................................................................................................................................... 48
Default Conguration...................................................................................................................................................... 49
Conguring a Host Name............................................................................................................................................... 49
Conguring a Unique Host Name on the System........................................................................................................50
Accessing the System Remotely................................................................................................................................... 50
Accessing the Switch Remotely.............................................................................................................................. 50
Congure the Management Port IP Address.........................................................................................................50
Congure a Management Route...............................................................................................................................51
Conguring a Username and Password...................................................................................................................51
Conguring the Enable Password..................................................................................................................................52
Conguration File Management.....................................................................................................................................52
Copy Files to and from the System......................................................................................................................... 52
Save the Running-Conguration..............................................................................................................................54
Viewing Files...............................................................................................................................................................54
Managing the File System.............................................................................................................................................. 56
View the Command History............................................................................................................................................57
Using HTTP for File Transfers........................................................................................................................................ 57
Contents
3
Upgrading and Downgrading the Dell Networking OS................................................................................................58
Verify Software Images Before Installation...................................................................................................................58
4 Management............................................................................................................................................... 60
Conguring Privilege Levels........................................................................................................................................... 60
Creating a Custom Privilege Level............................................................................................................................61
Customizing a Privilege Level....................................................................................................................................61
Applying a Privilege Level to a Username............................................................................................................... 63
Applying a Privilege Level to a Terminal Line.......................................................................................................... 63
Conguring Logging........................................................................................................................................................ 63
Audit and Security Logs............................................................................................................................................ 64
Conguring Logging Format ...................................................................................................................................65
Setting Up a Secure Connection to a Syslog Server.............................................................................................66
Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration........................................................................................ 67
Log Messages in the Internal Buer..............................................................................................................................67
Conguration Task List for System Log Management.......................................................................................... 68
Disabling System Logging............................................................................................................................................... 68
Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server............................................................................................................68
Conguring a UNIX System as a Syslog Server.....................................................................................................68
Changing System Logging Settings.............................................................................................................................. 69
Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration........................................................................................ 70
Conguring a UNIX Logging Facility Level....................................................................................................................70
Synchronizing Log Messages..........................................................................................................................................71
Enabling Timestamp on Syslog Messages.................................................................................................................... 72
Enabling Secure Management Mode.............................................................................................................................72
Enabling Secured CLI Mode............................................................................................................................................73
File Transfer Services.......................................................................................................................................................73
Conguration Task List for File Transfer Services..................................................................................................73
Enabling the FTP Server........................................................................................................................................... 73
Conguring FTP Server Parameters........................................................................................................................74
Conguring FTP Client Parameters......................................................................................................................... 74
Terminal Lines................................................................................................................................................................... 75
Denying and Permitting Access to a Terminal Line................................................................................................75
Conguring Login Authentication for Terminal Lines.............................................................................................76
Setting Time Out of EXEC Privilege Mode...................................................................................................................76
Using Telnet to get to Another Network Device.......................................................................................................... 77
Lock CONFIGURATION Mode....................................................................................................................................... 78
Viewing the Conguration Lock Status...................................................................................................................78
Limit Concurrent Login Sessions....................................................................................................................................78
Restrictions for Limiting the Number of Concurrent Sessions.............................................................................79
Conguring Concurrent Session Limit.....................................................................................................................79
Enabling the System to Clear Existing Sessions.................................................................................................... 79
Track Login Activity......................................................................................................................................................... 80
Restrictions for Tracking Login Activity.................................................................................................................. 80
Conguring Login Activity Tracking.........................................................................................................................80
Display Login Statistics...............................................................................................................................................81
4
Contents
Recovering from a Forgotten Password....................................................................................................................... 82
Recovering from a Forgotten Enable Password...........................................................................................................83
Recovering from a Failed Start.......................................................................................................................................84
Viewing the Reason for Last System Reboot...............................................................................................................84
5 802.1X......................................................................................................................................................... 85
The Port-Authentication Process.................................................................................................................................. 88
EAP over RADIUS......................................................................................................................................................89
Conguring 802.1X...........................................................................................................................................................89
Related Conguration Tasks..................................................................................................................................... 89
Important Points to Remember......................................................................................................................................90
Enabling 802.1X................................................................................................................................................................ 90
Conguring Request Identity Re-Transmissions......................................................................................................91
Conguring a Quiet Period after a Failed Authentication..................................................................................... 92
Conguring dot1x Prole ................................................................................................................................................93
Conguring MAC addresses for a do1x Prole.............................................................................................................93
Conguring the Static MAB and MAB Prole .............................................................................................................94
Conguring Critical VLAN ..............................................................................................................................................94
Forcibly Authorizing or Unauthorizing a Port............................................................................................................... 95
Re-Authenticating a Port................................................................................................................................................96
Conguring Timeouts...................................................................................................................................................... 97
Conguring Dynamic VLAN Assignment with Port Authentication...........................................................................98
Guest and Authentication-Fail VLANs.................................................................................................................... 99
Conguring a Guest VLAN......................................................................................................................................100
Conguring an Authentication-Fail VLAN............................................................................................................. 100
6 Access Control List (ACL) VLAN Groups and Content Addressable Memory (CAM).................................. 102
Optimizing CAM Utilization During the Attachment of ACLs to VLANs................................................................. 102
Guidelines for Conguring ACL VLAN groups............................................................................................................ 103
Conguring ACL VLAN Groups and Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters...............................................104
Conguring ACL VLAN Groups.............................................................................................................................. 104
Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters.......................................................................................................105
Viewing CAM Usage...................................................................................................................................................... 105
Allocating FP Blocks for VLAN Processes...................................................................................................................107
7 Access Control Lists (ACLs)....................................................................................................................... 108
IP Access Control Lists (ACLs).....................................................................................................................................109
Implementing ACL on the Dell Networking OS.......................................................................................................... 109
ACLs and VLANs.............................................................................................................................................................110
ACL Optimization............................................................................................................................................................ 110
Determine the Order in which ACLs are Used to Classify Trac..............................................................................110
Example of the order Keyword to Determine ACL Sequence............................................................................. 110
IP Fragment Handling...................................................................................................................................................... 111
IP Fragments ACL Examples.......................................................................................................................................... 111
Layer 4 ACL Rules Examples.......................................................................................................................................... 111
Congure a Standard IP ACL.........................................................................................................................................112
Contents
5
Conguring a Standard IP ACL Filter............................................................................................................................113
Congure an Extended IP ACL......................................................................................................................................114
Conguring Filters with a Sequence Number..............................................................................................................114
Conguring Filters Without a Sequence Number....................................................................................................... 114
Established Flag...............................................................................................................................................................115
Congure Layer 2 and Layer 3 ACLs............................................................................................................................ 115
Assign an IP ACL to an Interface...................................................................................................................................116
Applying an IP ACL..........................................................................................................................................................116
Counting ACL Hits...........................................................................................................................................................117
Congure Ingress ACLs.................................................................................................................................................. 117
Congure Egress ACLs...................................................................................................................................................117
Applying Egress Layer 3 ACLs (Control-Plane)........................................................................................................... 118
IP Prex Lists...................................................................................................................................................................118
Implementation Information.....................................................................................................................................119
Conguration Task List for Prex Lists.........................................................................................................................119
Creating a Prex List...................................................................................................................................................... 119
Creating a Prex List Without a Sequence Number..................................................................................................120
Viewing Prex Lists.........................................................................................................................................................121
Applying a Prex List for Route Redistribution............................................................................................................121
Applying a Filter to a Prex List (OSPF)......................................................................................................................122
ACL Resequencing......................................................................................................................................................... 122
Resequencing an ACL or Prex List.............................................................................................................................123
Route Maps..................................................................................................................................................................... 124
Implementation Information.....................................................................................................................................124
Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................................... 125
Conguration Task List for Route Maps...................................................................................................................... 125
Creating a Route Map....................................................................................................................................................125
Congure Route Map Filters......................................................................................................................................... 126
Conguring Match Routes............................................................................................................................................ 127
Conguring Set Conditions........................................................................................................................................... 128
Congure a Route Map for Route Redistribution.......................................................................................................128
Congure a Route Map for Route Tagging................................................................................................................. 129
Continue Clause..............................................................................................................................................................129
Logging of ACL Processes............................................................................................................................................ 130
Guidelines for Conguring ACL Logging......................................................................................................................130
Conguring ACL Logging............................................................................................................................................... 131
Flow-Based Monitoring Support for ACLs...................................................................................................................131
Behavior of Flow-Based Monitoring.......................................................................................................................132
Enabling Flow-Based Monitoring..................................................................................................................................133
8 Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD).................................................................................................. 135
How BFD Works............................................................................................................................................................. 135
BFD Packet Format..................................................................................................................................................136
BFD Sessions.............................................................................................................................................................137
BFD Three-Way Handshake.................................................................................................................................... 138
Session State Changes............................................................................................................................................140
6
Contents
Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................................... 140
Congure BFD................................................................................................................................................................ 140
Congure BFD for Physical Ports........................................................................................................................... 141
Enabling BFD Globally...............................................................................................................................................141
Changing Physical Port Session Parameters........................................................................................................ 142
Disabling and Re-Enabling BFD...............................................................................................................................142
Congure BFD for Static Routes..................................................................................................................................143
Related Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................143
Establishing Sessions for Static Routes.................................................................................................................143
Establishing Static Route Sessions on Specic Neighbors................................................................................. 144
Changing Static Route Session Parameters......................................................................................................... 145
Disabling BFD for Static Routes............................................................................................................................. 145
Congure BFD for OSPF...............................................................................................................................................145
Related Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................146
Establishing Sessions with OSPF Neighbors........................................................................................................ 146
Establishing Sessions with OSPF Neighbors for nondefault VRFs.................................................................... 147
Changing OSPF Session Parameters.....................................................................................................................148
Disabling BFD for OSPF...........................................................................................................................................148
Congure BFD for OSPFv3...........................................................................................................................................148
Related Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................149
Establishing Sessions with OSPFv3 Neighbors.................................................................................................... 149
Establishing BFD Sessions with OSPFv3 Neighbors for nondefault VRFs....................................................... 149
Changing OSPFv3 Session Parameters................................................................................................................ 150
Disabling BFD for OSPFv3....................................................................................................................................... 151
Congure BFD for BGP..................................................................................................................................................151
Prerequisites...............................................................................................................................................................151
Establishing Sessions with BGP Neighbors........................................................................................................... 151
Disabling BFD for BGP.............................................................................................................................................156
Use BFD in a BGP Peer Group............................................................................................................................... 156
Displaying BFD for BGP Information......................................................................................................................156
Congure BFD for VRRP...............................................................................................................................................160
Related Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................160
Establishing Sessions with All VRRP Neighbors....................................................................................................161
Establishing VRRP Sessions on VRRP Neighbors................................................................................................ 161
Changing VRRP Session Parameters.....................................................................................................................162
Disabling BFD for VRRP.......................................................................................................................................... 162
Congure BFD for VLANs............................................................................................................................................. 163
Related Conguration Task......................................................................................................................................163
Establish Sessions with VLAN Neighbors............................................................................................................. 164
Changing VLAN Session Parameters.....................................................................................................................164
Disabling BFD for VLANs.........................................................................................................................................165
Congure BFD for Port-Channels................................................................................................................................165
Related Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................165
Establish Sessions on Port-Channels.....................................................................................................................166
Changing Physical Port Session Parameters........................................................................................................ 166
Contents
7
Disabling BFD for Port-Channels............................................................................................................................167
Conguring Protocol Liveness...................................................................................................................................... 167
9 Border Gateway Protocol IPv4 (BGPv4).................................................................................................... 168
Autonomous Systems (AS)........................................................................................................................................... 168
Sessions and Peers.........................................................................................................................................................170
Establish a Session................................................................................................................................................... 170
Route Reectors..............................................................................................................................................................171
Communities..............................................................................................................................................................172
BGP Attributes................................................................................................................................................................172
Best Path Selection Criteria.................................................................................................................................... 172
Weight........................................................................................................................................................................ 174
Local Preference....................................................................................................................................................... 174
Multi-Exit Discriminators (MEDs)...........................................................................................................................175
Origin..........................................................................................................................................................................176
AS Path...................................................................................................................................................................... 177
Next Hop....................................................................................................................................................................177
Multiprotocol BGP.......................................................................................................................................................... 177
Implement BGP with the Dell Networking OS............................................................................................................ 178
Additional Path (Add-Path) Support...................................................................................................................... 178
Advertise IGP Cost as MED for Redistributed Routes.........................................................................................178
Ignore Router-ID for Some Best-Path Calculations............................................................................................. 179
Four-Byte AS Numbers............................................................................................................................................179
AS4 Number Representation.................................................................................................................................. 179
AS Number Migration............................................................................................................................................... 181
BGP4 Management Information Base (MIB)........................................................................................................182
Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 182
Conguration Information..............................................................................................................................................183
BGP Conguration......................................................................................................................................................... 183
Enabling BGP............................................................................................................................................................ 184
Enabling MBGP Congurations.............................................................................................................................. 214
BGP Regular Expression Optimization.........................................................................................................................215
Debugging BGP.............................................................................................................................................................. 215
Storing Last and Bad PDUs.....................................................................................................................................216
PDU Counters........................................................................................................................................................... 217
Sample Congurations................................................................................................................................................... 217
10 Content Addressable Memory (CAM).......................................................................................................226
CAM Allocation...............................................................................................................................................................226
Test CAM Usage............................................................................................................................................................ 227
View CAM-ACL Settings...............................................................................................................................................227
Conguring CAM Threshold and Silence Period........................................................................................................228
Setting CAM Threshold and Silence Period......................................................................................................... 228
CAM Optimization......................................................................................................................................................... 229
11 Control Plane Policing (CoPP).................................................................................................................. 230
8
Contents
Congure Control Plane Policing.................................................................................................................................. 231
Conguring CoPP for Protocols............................................................................................................................ 232
Conguring CoPP for CPU Queues...................................................................................................................... 233
Show Commands.....................................................................................................................................................234
12 Data Center Bridging (DCB).....................................................................................................................236
Ethernet Enhancements in Data Center Bridging..................................................................................................... 236
Priority-Based Flow Control....................................................................................................................................237
Enhanced Transmission Selection..........................................................................................................................238
Data Center Bridging Exchange Protocol (DCBx)...............................................................................................239
Data Center Bridging in a Trac Flow...................................................................................................................240
Enabling Data Center Bridging..................................................................................................................................... 240
Conguring DCB Maps and its Attributes............................................................................................................. 241
Data Center Bridging: Default Conguration..............................................................................................................244
Interworking of DCB Map With DCB Buer Threshold Settings.............................................................................244
Conguring Priority-Based Flow Control.................................................................................................................... 245
Conguring Lossless Queues................................................................................................................................. 246
Conguring the PFC Buer in a Switch Stack.....................................................................................................247
Priority-Based Flow Control Using Dynamic Buer Method..............................................................................247
Congure Enhanced Transmission Selection..............................................................................................................249
ETS Prerequisites and Restrictions....................................................................................................................... 249
Creating an ETS Priority Group..............................................................................................................................249
ETS Operation with DCBx......................................................................................................................................250
Conguring Bandwidth Allocation for DCBx CIN................................................................................................. 251
Hierarchical Scheduling in ETS Output Policies................................................................................................... 252
Applying DCB Policies with an ETS Conguration.....................................................................................................252
PFC and ETS Conguration Examples........................................................................................................................252
Using PFC and ETS to Manage Data Center Trac........................................................................................... 253
Using PFC and ETS to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac in a Switch Stack............................................. 255
Applying DCB Policies in a Switch Stack....................................................................................................................255
Congure a DCBx Operation........................................................................................................................................255
DCBx Operation.......................................................................................................................................................255
DCBx Port Roles......................................................................................................................................................256
DCB Conguration Exchange.................................................................................................................................257
Conguration Source Election................................................................................................................................257
Propagation of DCB Information........................................................................................................................... 258
Auto-Detection and Manual Conguration of the DCBx Version...................................................................... 258
DCBx Example......................................................................................................................................................... 259
DCBx Prerequisites and Restrictions.....................................................................................................................260
Conguring DCBx....................................................................................................................................................260
Verifying the DCB Conguration................................................................................................................................. 263
QoS dot1p Trac Classication and Queue Assignment...........................................................................................271
Conguring the Dynamic Buer Method....................................................................................................................272
13 Debugging and Diagnostics.......................................................................................................................274
Oine Diagnostics......................................................................................................................................................... 274
Contents
9
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................274
Running Oine Diagnostics....................................................................................................................................275
Trace Logs.......................................................................................................................................................................277
Auto Save on Crash or Rollover..............................................................................................................................277
Using the Show Hardware Commands....................................................................................................................... 277
Enabling Environmental Monitoring............................................................................................................................. 279
Recognize an Over-Temperature Condition..........................................................................................................280
Troubleshoot an Over-Temperature Condition..................................................................................................... 280
Recognize an Under-Voltage Condition.................................................................................................................281
Troubleshoot an Under-Voltage Condition.............................................................................................................281
Troubleshooting Packet Loss........................................................................................................................................282
Displaying Drop Counters........................................................................................................................................282
Dataplane Statistics.................................................................................................................................................283
Display Stack Port Statistics.................................................................................................................................. 284
Displaying Stack Member Counters...................................................................................................................... 285
Enabling Application Core Dumps................................................................................................................................286
Mini Core Dumps........................................................................................................................................................... 286
Enabling TCP Dumps.....................................................................................................................................................287
Enabling Buer Statistics Tracking .............................................................................................................................288
14 Dynamic Host Conguration Protocol (DHCP).........................................................................................290
DHCP Packet Format and Options............................................................................................................................. 290
Assign an IP Address using DHCP.........................................................................................................................292
Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................292
Congure the System to be a DHCP Server..............................................................................................................293
Conguring the Server for Automatic Address Allocation..................................................................................293
Conguration Tasks................................................................................................................................................. 294
Specifying a Default Gateway................................................................................................................................295
Enabling the DHCP Server.....................................................................................................................................295
Congure a Method of Hostname Resolution..................................................................................................... 296
Creating Manual Binding Entries............................................................................................................................297
Debugging the DHCP Server................................................................................................................................. 297
Using DHCP Clear Commands...............................................................................................................................297
Congure the System to be a Relay Agent................................................................................................................ 298
Congure the System to be a DHCP Client...............................................................................................................300
Conguring the DHCP Client System...................................................................................................................300
DHCP Client on a Management Interface............................................................................................................303
DHCP Client Operation with Other Features.......................................................................................................304
Congure Secure DHCP...............................................................................................................................................305
Option 82..................................................................................................................................................................305
DHCP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................................305
Conguring the DHCP secondary-subnet............................................................................................................309
Drop DHCP Packets on Snooped VLANs Only.................................................................................................... 310
Dynamic ARP Inspection......................................................................................................................................... 310
Conguring Dynamic ARP Inspection.....................................................................................................................311
Source Address Validation....................................................................................................................................... 312
10
Contents
15 Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP).................................................................................................................314
ECMP for Flow-Based Anity......................................................................................................................................314
Enabling Deterministic ECMP Next Hop............................................................................................................... 314
Link Bundle Monitoring.................................................................................................................................................. 314
Managing ECMP Group Paths......................................................................................................................................315
RTAG7..............................................................................................................................................................................315
Flow-based Hashing for ECMP.................................................................................................................................... 316
16 FC FLEXIO FPORT...................................................................................................................................320
FC FLEXIO FPORT........................................................................................................................................................320
Conguring Switch Mode to FCF Port Mode.............................................................................................................321
Name Server.................................................................................................................................................................. 322
FCoE Maps.....................................................................................................................................................................322
Creating an FCoE Map..................................................................................................................................................323
Zoning..............................................................................................................................................................................324
Creating Zone and Adding Members...........................................................................................................................325
Creating Zone Alias and Adding Members..................................................................................................................325
Creating Zonesets..........................................................................................................................................................325
Activating a Zoneset......................................................................................................................................................326
Displaying the Fabric Parameters................................................................................................................................ 326
17 FCoE Transit.............................................................................................................................................329
Fibre Channel over Ethernet........................................................................................................................................ 329
Ensure Robustness in a Converged Ethernet Network............................................................................................329
FIP Snooping on Ethernet Bridges...............................................................................................................................331
FIP Snooping in a Switch Stack...................................................................................................................................332
Using FIP Snooping....................................................................................................................................................... 333
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................333
Enabling the FCoE Transit Feature........................................................................................................................333
Enable FIP Snooping on VLANs.............................................................................................................................334
Congure the FC-MAP Value................................................................................................................................ 334
Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-Bridge Link....................................................................................................... 334
Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-FCF Link...........................................................................................................334
Impact on Other Software Features..................................................................................................................... 334
FIP Snooping Prerequisites.....................................................................................................................................335
FIP Snooping Restrictions...................................................................................................................................... 335
Conguring FIP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................336
Displaying FIP Snooping Information...........................................................................................................................336
FCoE Transit Conguration Example........................................................................................................................... 341
18 FIPS Cryptography...................................................................................................................................344
Preparing the System....................................................................................................................................................344
Enabling FIPS Mode...................................................................................................................................................... 344
Generating Host-Keys...................................................................................................................................................345
Monitoring FIPS Mode Status......................................................................................................................................345
Contents
11
Disabling FIPS Mode..................................................................................................................................................... 346
19 Force10 Resilient Ring Protocol (FRRP)................................................................................................... 347
Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 347
Ring Status............................................................................................................................................................... 348
Multiple FRRP Rings............................................................................................................................................... 349
Important FRRP Points...........................................................................................................................................350
Important FRRP Concepts......................................................................................................................................351
Implementing FRRP.......................................................................................................................................................352
FRRP Conguration...................................................................................................................................................... 352
Creating the FRRP Group.......................................................................................................................................352
Conguring the Control VLAN...............................................................................................................................352
Conguring and Adding the Member VLANs.......................................................................................................354
Setting the FRRP Timers........................................................................................................................................355
Clearing the FRRP Counters..................................................................................................................................355
Viewing the FRRP Conguration...........................................................................................................................355
Viewing the FRRP Information.............................................................................................................................. 356
Troubleshooting FRRP.................................................................................................................................................. 356
Conguration Checks..............................................................................................................................................356
Sample Conguration and Topology............................................................................................................................357
FRRP Support on VLT...................................................................................................................................................358
Example Scenario.................................................................................................................................................... 359
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 360
20 GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP)..............................................................................................361
Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................................... 361
Congure GVRP............................................................................................................................................................. 361
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................362
Enabling GVRP Globally................................................................................................................................................ 362
Enabling GVRP on a Layer 2 Interface........................................................................................................................363
Congure GVRP Registration...................................................................................................................................... 363
Congure a GARP Timer.............................................................................................................................................. 364
21 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP)......................................................................................... 365
IGMP Protocol Overview..............................................................................................................................................365
IGMP Version 2........................................................................................................................................................365
IGMP Version 3........................................................................................................................................................ 367
IGMP Snooping.............................................................................................................................................................. 370
IGMP Snooping Implementation Information....................................................................................................... 370
Conguring IGMP Snooping....................................................................................................................................371
Enabling IGMP Immediate-Leave............................................................................................................................371
Disabling Multicast Flooding................................................................................................................................... 372
Specifying a Port as Connected to a Multicast Router.......................................................................................372
Conguring the Switch as Querier.........................................................................................................................372
Fast Convergence after MSTP Topology Changes................................................................................................... 373
Designating a Multicast Router Interface................................................................................................................... 373
12
Contents
22 Interfaces.................................................................................................................................................374
Basic Interface Conguration....................................................................................................................................... 374
Advanced Interface Conguration............................................................................................................................... 374
Interface Types...............................................................................................................................................................375
View Basic Interface Information................................................................................................................................. 375
Conguring the Default Interface.................................................................................................................................377
Enabling a Physical Interface........................................................................................................................................378
Physical Interfaces.........................................................................................................................................................378
Conguration Task List for Physical Interfaces.................................................................................................... 378
Overview of Layer Modes.......................................................................................................................................379
Conguring Layer 2 (Data Link) Mode..................................................................................................................379
Conguring Layer 2 (Interface) Mode...................................................................................................................379
Conguring Layer 3 (Network) Mode...................................................................................................................380
Conguring Layer 3 (Interface) Mode.................................................................................................................. 380
Management Interfaces.................................................................................................................................................381
Conguring Management Interfaces on the Switch........................................................................................... 382
VLAN Interfaces.............................................................................................................................................................383
Loopback Interfaces...................................................................................................................................................... 383
Null Interfaces................................................................................................................................................................ 384
Port Channel Interfaces................................................................................................................................................384
Port Channel Denition and Standards.................................................................................................................384
Port Channel Benets.............................................................................................................................................385
Port Channel Implementation.................................................................................................................................385
100/1000/10000 Mbps Interfaces in Port Channels...........................................................................................385
Conguration Tasks for Port Channel Interfaces.................................................................................................386
Creating a Port Channel......................................................................................................................................... 386
Adding a Physical Interface to a Port Channel.....................................................................................................386
Reassigning an Interface to a New Port Channel................................................................................................388
Conguring the Minimum Oper Up Links in a Port Channel.............................................................................. 389
Adding or Removing a Port Channel from a VLAN............................................................................................. 389
Assigning an IP Address to a Port Channel.......................................................................................................... 390
Deleting or Disabling a Port Channel.....................................................................................................................390
Load Balancing through Port Channels...................................................................................................................... 390
Changing the Hash Algorithm......................................................................................................................................390
Server Ports.................................................................................................................................................................... 391
Default Conguration without Start-up Cong.................................................................................................... 391
Bulk Conguration......................................................................................................................................................... 392
Interface Range........................................................................................................................................................392
Bulk Conguration Examples..................................................................................................................................393
Dening Interface Range Macros................................................................................................................................ 394
Dene the Interface Range.................................................................................................................................... 394
Choosing an Interface-Range Macro.................................................................................................................... 394
Monitoring and Maintaining Interfaces....................................................................................................................... 395
Maintenance Using TDR.........................................................................................................................................396
Splitting QSFP Ports to SFP+ Ports........................................................................................................................... 396
Contents
13
Merging SFP+ Ports to QSFP 40G Ports.............................................................................................................397
Congure the MTU Size on an Interface.............................................................................................................. 397
Converting a QSFP or QSFP+ Port to an SFP or SFP+ Port..................................................................................398
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 398
Example Scenarios.................................................................................................................................................. 398
Conguring wavelength for 10–Gigabit SFP+ optics................................................................................................399
Layer 2 Flow Control Using Ethernet Pause Frames................................................................................................ 399
Enabling Pause Frames...........................................................................................................................................400
Congure MTU Size on an Interface...........................................................................................................................400
Port-Pipes....................................................................................................................................................................... 401
Auto-Negotiation on Ethernet Interfaces....................................................................................................................401
Setting the Speed and Duplex Mode of Ethernet Interfaces............................................................................. 401
View Advanced Interface Information.........................................................................................................................403
Conguring the Interface Sampling Size.............................................................................................................. 404
Conguring the Trac Sampling Size Globally.................................................................................................... 405
Dynamic Counters....................................................................................................................................................407
Enhanced Control of Remote Fault Indication Processing....................................................................................... 408
Assigning a Front-end Port to a Management VRF..................................................................................................408
23 Internet Protocol Security (IPSec).......................................................................................................... 409
Conguring IPSec .........................................................................................................................................................409
24 IPv4 Routing............................................................................................................................................. 411
IP Addresses.................................................................................................................................................................... 411
Implementation Information.................................................................................................................................... 412
Conguration Tasks for IP Addresses.................................................................................................................... 412
IPv4 Path MTU Discovery Overview........................................................................................................................... 414
Using the Congured Source IP Address in ICMP Messages...................................................................................415
Conguring the ICMP Source Interface................................................................................................................ 415
Conguring the Duration to Establish a TCP Connection.........................................................................................415
Enabling Directed Broadcast.........................................................................................................................................416
Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................................................ 416
Enabling Dynamic Resolution of Host Names.......................................................................................................416
Specifying the Local System Domain and a List of Domains.............................................................................. 417
Conguring DNS with Traceroute...........................................................................................................................417
ARP.................................................................................................................................................................................. 418
Conguration Tasks for ARP...................................................................................................................................418
ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................................420
ARP Learning via ARP Request................................................................................................................................... 420
Conguring ARP Retries................................................................................................................................................421
ICMP............................................................................................................................................................................... 422
Conguration Tasks for ICMP................................................................................................................................ 422
UDP Helper.....................................................................................................................................................................422
Congure UDP Helper.............................................................................................................................................422
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................422
Enabling UDP Helper...............................................................................................................................................423
14
Contents
Congurations Using UDP Helper............................................................................................................................... 423
UDP Helper with Broadcast-All Addresses...........................................................................................................423
UDP Helper with Subnet Broadcast Addresses...................................................................................................424
UDP Helper with Congured Broadcast Addresses............................................................................................ 424
UDP Helper with No Congured Broadcast Addresses......................................................................................425
Troubleshooting UDP Helper........................................................................................................................................ 425
25 IPv6 Addressing....................................................................................................................................... 427
Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 427
Extended Address Space........................................................................................................................................428
Stateless Autoconguration................................................................................................................................... 428
IPv6 Header Fields.........................................................................................................................................................429
Version (4 bits).........................................................................................................................................................429
Trac Class (8 bits).................................................................................................................................................429
Flow Label (20 bits).................................................................................................................................................429
Payload Length (16 bits)......................................................................................................................................... 429
Next Header (8 bits)............................................................................................................................................... 430
Hop Limit (8 bits).....................................................................................................................................................430
Source Address (128 bits)........................................................................................................................................431
Destination Address (128 bits)................................................................................................................................ 431
Extension Header Fields................................................................................................................................................ 431
Hop-by-Hop Options Header..................................................................................................................................431
Addressing...................................................................................................................................................................... 432
Link-local Addresses................................................................................................................................................432
Static and Dynamic Addressing..............................................................................................................................432
Implementing IPv6 with the Dell Networking OS...................................................................................................... 433
ICMPv6...........................................................................................................................................................................436
Path MTU Discovery..................................................................................................................................................... 437
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery.............................................................................................................................................. 437
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery of MTU Packets...........................................................................................................438
Conguring the IPv6 Recursive DNS Server....................................................................................................... 438
Debugging IPv6 RDNSS Information Sent to the Host .....................................................................................439
Displaying IPv6 RDNSS Information......................................................................................................................439
IPv6 Multicast................................................................................................................................................................ 439
Secure Shell (SSH) Over an IPv6 Transport.............................................................................................................. 439
Conguration Task List for IPv6...................................................................................................................................440
Adjusting Your CAM-Prole....................................................................................................................................440
Assigning an IPv6 Address to an Interface............................................................................................................441
Assigning a Static IPv6 Route.................................................................................................................................441
Conguring Telnet with IPv6..................................................................................................................................442
SNMP over IPv6......................................................................................................................................................442
Showing IPv6 Information...................................................................................................................................... 442
Showing an IPv6 Interface..................................................................................................................................... 443
Showing IPv6 Routes..............................................................................................................................................443
Showing the Running-Conguration for an Interface......................................................................................... 444
Clearing IPv6 Routes...............................................................................................................................................445
Contents
15
Disabling ND Entry Timeout................................................................................................................................... 445
26 iSCSI Optimization...................................................................................................................................446
iSCSI Optimization Overview....................................................................................................................................... 446
Monitoring iSCSI Trac Flows...............................................................................................................................448
Information Monitored in iSCSI Trac Flows.......................................................................................................448
Detection and Auto-Conguration for Dell EqualLogic Arrays........................................................................... 448
Conguring Detection and Ports for Dell Compellent Arrays.............................................................................449
iSCSI Optimization: Operation................................................................................................................................449
Default iSCSI Optimization Values.........................................................................................................................449
Displaying iSCSI Optimization Information................................................................................................................. 450
27 Intermediate System to Intermediate System...........................................................................................452
IS-IS Protocol Overview................................................................................................................................................452
IS-IS Addressing.............................................................................................................................................................452
Multi-Topology IS-IS...................................................................................................................................................... 453
Transition Mode....................................................................................................................................................... 453
Interface Support.....................................................................................................................................................454
Adjacencies...............................................................................................................................................................454
Graceful Restart.............................................................................................................................................................454
Timers....................................................................................................................................................................... 454
Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 455
Conguration Information.............................................................................................................................................455
Conguration Tasks for IS-IS..................................................................................................................................456
IS-IS Metric Styles.........................................................................................................................................................470
Congure Metric Values................................................................................................................................................470
Maximum Values in the Routing Table...................................................................................................................470
Change the IS-IS Metric Style in One Level Only................................................................................................470
Leaks from One Level to Another.......................................................................................................................... 472
Sample Congurations.................................................................................................................................................. 473
28 Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP)...............................................................................................477
Introduction to Dynamic LAGs and LACP...................................................................................................................477
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................477
LACP Modes............................................................................................................................................................ 478
Conguring LACP Commands............................................................................................................................... 478
LACP Conguration Tasks............................................................................................................................................ 479
Creating a LAG.........................................................................................................................................................479
Conguring the LAG Interfaces as Dynamic........................................................................................................ 479
Setting the LACP Long Timeout........................................................................................................................... 480
Shared LAG State Tracking........................................................................................................................................... 481
Conguring Shared LAG State Tracking......................................................................................................................481
Important Points about Shared LAG State Tracking........................................................................................... 483
LACP Basic Conguration Example.............................................................................................................................483
Congure a LAG on ALPHA................................................................................................................................... 483
16
Contents
29 Layer 2.....................................................................................................................................................492
Manage the MAC Address Table................................................................................................................................. 492
Clearing the MAC Address Table........................................................................................................................... 492
Setting the Aging Time for Dynamic Entries........................................................................................................492
Conguring a Static MAC Address........................................................................................................................493
Displaying the MAC Address Table........................................................................................................................ 493
MAC Learning Limit.......................................................................................................................................................493
Setting the MAC Learning Limit............................................................................................................................ 494
mac learning-limit Dynamic.....................................................................................................................................494
mac learning-limit station-move............................................................................................................................ 494
Learning Limit Violation Actions.............................................................................................................................494
Setting Station Move Violation Actions................................................................................................................ 495
Recovering from Learning Limit and Station Move Violations........................................................................... 495
Disabling MAC Address Learning on the System.................................................................................................496
NIC Teaming................................................................................................................................................................... 496
MAC Move Optimization........................................................................................................................................ 498
30 Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)..................................................................................................... 499
802.1AB (LLDP) Overview............................................................................................................................................499
Protocol Data Units................................................................................................................................................. 499
Optional TLVs.................................................................................................................................................................500
Management TLVs.................................................................................................................................................. 500
TIA-1057 (LLDP-MED) Overview................................................................................................................................ 502
TIA Organizationally Specic TLVs........................................................................................................................ 502
Extended Power via MDI TLV................................................................................................................................506
Congure LLDP............................................................................................................................................................. 506
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................506
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................507
LLDP Compatibility..................................................................................................................................................507
CONFIGURATION versus INTERFACE Congurations............................................................................................ 507
Enabling LLDP................................................................................................................................................................508
Disabling and Undoing LLDP..................................................................................................................................508
Advertising TLVs............................................................................................................................................................508
Viewing the LLDP Conguration................................................................................................................................. 509
Viewing Information Advertised by Adjacent LLDP Agents...................................................................................... 510
Conguring LLDPDU Intervals.......................................................................................................................................511
Conguring Transmit and Receive Mode..................................................................................................................... 511
Conguring a Time to Live............................................................................................................................................ 512
Debugging LLDP.............................................................................................................................................................513
Relevant Management Objects.................................................................................................................................... 514
31 Microsoft Network Load Balancing........................................................................................................... 519
NLB Unicast Mode Scenario.........................................................................................................................................519
NLB Multicast Mode Scenario......................................................................................................................................519
Limitations With Enabling NLB on Switches.............................................................................................................. 520
Contents
17
Benets and Working of Microsoft Clustering...........................................................................................................520
Enable and Disable VLAN Flooding ............................................................................................................................ 520
Conguring a Switch for NLB .....................................................................................................................................520
Multicast NLB Mode................................................................................................................................................521
32 Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP)......................................................................................... 522
Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 522
Anycast RP.....................................................................................................................................................................524
Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................525
Congure the Multicast Source Discovery Protocol.................................................................................................525
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................525
Enabling MSDP.............................................................................................................................................................. 529
Manage the Source-Active Cache..............................................................................................................................530
Viewing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................ 530
Limiting the Source-Active Cache.........................................................................................................................530
Clearing the Source-Active Cache.........................................................................................................................531
Enabling the Rejected Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................531
Accept Source-Active Messages that Fail the RFP Check...................................................................................... 531
Specifying Source-Active Messages...........................................................................................................................535
Limiting the Source-Active Messages from a Peer...................................................................................................536
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Local Source.......................................................................................................536
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Remote Source...................................................................................................537
Preventing MSDP from Advertising a Local Source..................................................................................................537
Logging Changes in Peership States...........................................................................................................................538
Terminating a Peership..................................................................................................................................................538
Clearing Peer Statistics.................................................................................................................................................539
Debugging MSDP..........................................................................................................................................................539
MSDP with Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................540
Conguring Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................ 541
Reducing Source-Active Message Flooding.........................................................................................................542
Specifying the RP Address Used in SA Messages.............................................................................................. 542
MSDP Sample Congurations......................................................................................................................................544
33 Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP).................................................................................................547
Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 547
Spanning Tree Variations.............................................................................................................................................. 548
Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................548
Congure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol................................................................................................................548
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................549
Enable Multiple Spanning Tree Globally...................................................................................................................... 549
Creating Multiple Spanning Tree Instances................................................................................................................ 549
Inuencing MSTP Root Selection............................................................................................................................... 550
Interoperate with Non-Dell Networking OS Bridges..................................................................................................551
Changing the Region Name or Revision......................................................................................................................551
Modifying Global Parameters....................................................................................................................................... 552
Enable BPDU Filtering Globally.................................................................................................................................... 553
18
Contents
Modifying the Interface Parameters........................................................................................................................... 553
Conguring an EdgePort.............................................................................................................................................. 554
Flush MAC Addresses after a Topology Change....................................................................................................... 555
MSTP Sample Congurations......................................................................................................................................555
Router 1 Running-CongurationRouter 2 Running-CongurationRouter 3 Running-
CongurationSFTOS Example Running-Conguration.......................................................................................556
Debugging and Verifying MSTP Congurations........................................................................................................ 559
34 Multicast Features................................................................................................................................... 561
Enabling IP Multicast..................................................................................................................................................... 561
Implementation Information.......................................................................................................................................... 561
First Packet Forwarding for Lossless Multicast.........................................................................................................562
Multicast Policies...........................................................................................................................................................562
IPv4 Multicast Policies..................................................................................................................................................562
Limiting the Number of Multicast Routes............................................................................................................ 563
Preventing a Host from Joining a Group.............................................................................................................. 563
Rate Limiting IGMP Join Requests........................................................................................................................566
Preventing a PIM Router from Forming an Adjacency....................................................................................... 566
Preventing a Source from Registering with the RP............................................................................................ 566
Preventing a PIM Router from Processing a Join............................................................................................... 569
Understanding Multicast Traceroute (mtrace).......................................................................................................... 569
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................570
Printing Multicast Traceroute (mtrace) Paths............................................................................................................570
Supported Error Codes..................................................................................................................................................571
mtrace Scenarios........................................................................................................................................................... 572
35 Object Tracking........................................................................................................................................578
Object Tracking Overview.............................................................................................................................................578
Track Layer 2 Interfaces..........................................................................................................................................579
Track Layer 3 Interfaces..........................................................................................................................................579
Track IPv4 and IPv6 Routes................................................................................................................................... 579
Set Tracking Delays................................................................................................................................................. 579
VRRP Object Tracking............................................................................................................................................ 580
Object Tracking Conguration..................................................................................................................................... 580
Tracking a Layer 2 Interface................................................................................................................................... 580
Tracking a Layer 3 Interface....................................................................................................................................581
Track an IPv4/IPv6 Route...................................................................................................................................... 582
Displaying Tracked Objects...........................................................................................................................................583
36 Open Shortest Path First (OSPFv2 and OSPFv3)................................................................................... 585
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................585
Autonomous System (AS) Areas........................................................................................................................... 585
Area Types................................................................................................................................................................ 586
Networks and Neighbors........................................................................................................................................ 587
Router Types.............................................................................................................................................................587
Link-State Advertisements (LSAs)........................................................................................................................589
Contents
19
Router Priority and Cost.........................................................................................................................................590
OSPF with the Dell Networking OS.............................................................................................................................591
Graceful Restart.......................................................................................................................................................592
Fast Convergence (OSPFv2, IPv4 Only)..............................................................................................................593
Processing SNMP and Sending SNMP Traps......................................................................................................593
OSPF ACK Packing................................................................................................................................................. 593
Setting OSPF Adjacency with Cisco Routers...................................................................................................... 593
Conguration Information.............................................................................................................................................594
Conguration Task List for OSPFv2 (OSPF for IPv4)........................................................................................ 594
Troubleshooting OSPFv2........................................................................................................................................605
OSPFv3 NSSA............................................................................................................................................................... 609
NSSA Options..........................................................................................................................................................609
Conguration Task List for OSPFv3 (OSPF for IPv6).............................................................................................. 609
Enabling IPv6 Unicast Routing............................................................................................................................... 610
Applying cost for OSPFv3.......................................................................................................................................610
Assigning IPv6 Addresses on an Interface............................................................................................................. 611
Assigning Area ID on an Interface........................................................................................................................... 611
Assigning OSPFv3 Process ID and Router ID Globally......................................................................................... 611
Conguring Stub Areas............................................................................................................................................612
Conguring Passive-Interface.................................................................................................................................612
Redistributing Routes...............................................................................................................................................613
Conguring a Default Route....................................................................................................................................613
Enabling OSPFv3 Graceful Restart........................................................................................................................613
Displaying Graceful Restart.....................................................................................................................................614
OSPFv3 Authentication Using IPsec..................................................................................................................... 615
37 Policy-based Routing (PBR).................................................................................................................... 623
Overview.........................................................................................................................................................................623
Implementing Policy-based Routing with Dell Networking OS................................................................................ 625
Conguration Task List for Policy-based Routing......................................................................................................625
PBR Exceptions (Permit)........................................................................................................................................627
Apply a Redirect-list to an Interface using a Redirect-group................................................................................... 629
Show Redirect List Conguration..........................................................................................................................630
Sample Conguration.....................................................................................................................................................631
Create the Redirect-List GOLDAssign Redirect-List GOLD to Interface 2/11View Redirect-List GOLD...... 631
38 PIM Sparse-Mode (PIM-SM).................................................................................................................. 635
Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 635
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................635
Requesting Multicast Trac...................................................................................................................................636
Refuse Multicast Trac..........................................................................................................................................636
Send Multicast Trac............................................................................................................................................. 636
Conguring PIM-SM..................................................................................................................................................... 637
Related Conguration Tasks................................................................................................................................... 637
Enable PIM-SM..............................................................................................................................................................637
Conguring S,G Expiry Timers..................................................................................................................................... 638
20
Contents
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