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7SA511 V2.2
Numerical Line Protection Relay
Operator Manual
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Manual No. SG-8108-01
7SA511 Line Protection Relay Table of Contents
July 27, 1995 i
Table of Contents
User Guide
Chapter 1 Introduction..........................................................................................1-1
Chapter 2 Product Description ..............................................................................2-1
Chapter 3 Acceptance Tests ..................................................................................3-1
Chapter 4 Installation ............................................................................................4-1
Chapter 5 Programming the Relay.........................................................................5-1
Chapter 6 Displaying System and Relay Information..............................................6-1
Chapter 7 Commissioning the Relay ......................................................................7-1
Chapter 8 Maintenance..........................................................................................8-1
Reference Guide
Reference A. Method of Operation............................................................................ A-1
Reference B. Hardware and Software........................................................................ B-1
Reference C. Communications................................................................................... C-1
Reference D. Specifications.......................................................................................D-1
Reference E. Settings Calculations.............................................................................E-1
Reference F. Setting Worksheets...............................................................................F-1
Reference G. Input/Output Functions........................................................................G-1
7SA511 Line Protection Relay Table of Contents
ii July 27, 1995
The information contained herein is general in nature and not intended for specific application purposes. It does not relieve the user of
responsibility to use sound practices in application, installation, operation, and maintenance of the equipment purchased. Siemens reserves
the right to make changes in the specifications shown herein or to make improvements at any time without notice or obligation. Should a
conflict arise between the general information contained in this publication and the contents of drawings or supplementary material or both,
the latter shall take precedence.
Should further information be desired or should particular problems arise which are not covered sufficiently for the purchaser’s purposes,
the matter should be referred to your local sales office.
The contents of this manual should not become part of or modify any prior or existing agreement, commitment or relationship. The sales
contract contains the entire obligation of Siemens Energy & Automation, Inc. Any statements contained herein do not create new
warranties or modify an existing warranty.
7SA511 Line Protection Relay Chapter 1
July 27, 1995 1-1
Introduction
Table of Contents
1. Introduction........................................................................................................................1-3
1.1 Using This Manual.................................................................................................1-3
1.2 Glossary of Terms and Abbreviations.....................................................................1-4
1.3 Relay Model Number.............................................................................................1-6
List of Figures
Figure 1-1. Reading the 7SA511 Relay Model Number...........................................................1-7
7SA511 Line Protection Relay Introduction
July 27, 19951-2
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7SA511 Line Protection Relay Chapter 1
July 27, 1995 1-3
1. Introduction
1.1 Using This Manual
This operator’s manual is intended to provide you with all the information you need to install and
operate the Siemens 7SA511 Numerical Line Protection Relay. In addition to describing the
various tasks of operation, the manual offers general information about the functions and features
of the relay.
Several of the relay’s functions and features are optional, depending on the model ordering
number. This manual identifies all of the relay’s options and frequently refers you to section 1.3,
“Relay Model Number,” so you can determine which options your relay has.
This manual is divided into two parts:
• The User Guide describes how to install, program, operate and maintain the relay, so you
will need to read this part if you are to perform any of these tasks. General information
about the relay’s features and functions is also in this part of the manual.
• The Reference Guide includes the relay specifications, method of operation, relay setting
calculations and worksheets, and information on the relay’s hardware, software, and
communications capabilities. If you are responsible for the application and setting
calculation of the relay, you will need to read this part of the manual.
Refer to Table 1-1 for help in finding the information you need in this manual.
Table 1-1. Using This Manual.
If you want to . . . Then read . . .
learn more about the relay
Chapter 2, Product Description
Reference A, Method of Operation
Reference B, Hardware & Software
Reference C, Communications
determine the optional function(s)
available in your relay
Section 1.3, Relay Model Number
install the relay
Chapter 4, Installation
perform acceptance tests
Chapter 3, Acceptance Tests
program the relay
Chapter 5, Programming the Relay
Reference E, Setting Calculations
Reference F, Setting Worksheets
Reference G, Input/Output Functions
check relay status, target history
logs, and the event log
Chapter 6, Displaying System and Relay Information
place the relay in service or
perform maintenance
Chapter 7, Commissioning the Relay
Chapter 8, Maintenance
review relay specifications
Reference D, Specifications
7SA511 Line Protection Relay Introduction
July 27, 19951-4
This manual assumes you are using the relay’s operator panel to program, maintain, and operate
the relay. If you are using DIGSI
®
software or some other application to control the relay, refer
to the appropriate user guide when instructions in this manual are insufficient.
1.2 Glossary of Terms and Abbreviations
Following are definitions and descriptions of terms and abbreviations used in this manual that are
unique to power systems and to Siemens relay technology in particular.
Abbreviations and Acronyms
A/D
analog-to-digital
AR
automatic reclose
CB
circuit breaker
C/O
changeover
CT
current transformer
CW
codeword
DAR
delayed automatic reclose
E
earth or ground
EEPROM
electrically erasable, programmable read only memory
E/F
earth (ground) fault
EPROM
erasable, programmable read only memory
FD
fault detection; fault detector
FNo
function number
I.T.
inverse time
LCD
liquid crystal display (on the relay operator panel)
LED
light emitting diode (on the relay operator panel)
LSA
a substation (Siemens’ Localized Substation Automation system)
m
memorized
M/C
manual close
mcb or m.c.b.
miniature circuit breaker
NC
normally closed
nm
not memorized
NO
normally open
O/C
overcurrent
PC
personal computer
pcb
printed circuit board
PCO
parameter changeover
PLC
power line carrier
POTT
permissive overreach transfer trip (pilot protection scheme)
PUTT
permissive underreach transfer trip (pilot protection scheme)
RAM
random access memory
RAR
rapid automatic reclose
ROM
read only memory
TT
transmit time
VT
voltage transformer
7SA511 Line Protection Relay Chapter 1
July 27, 1995 1-5
Terms
annunciation
1. Activating the various relay outputs (LCD, LEDs, output relays)
when events occurs.
2. Messages that appear on the operator panel LCD in the event log or
target logs are also called annunciations.
binary input
A relay input terminal that responds to the presence or absence of voltage
on the terminal in a digital (on/off) manner.
block
1. Prevent normal operation or function.
2. Group of memory addresses.
compensated
(system)
The neutral system point is inductively grounded to compensate for the
distributed phase-to-ground system capacitance.
dead time
Time allowed following fault clearance before attempting an automatic
reclose.
drop-off
Drop-out (used in the LCD text).
drop-out
Return to a normal or no-fault state.
earth
Electrical ground.
fault loop
In phase-selective fault detection systems, this term describes the current
path for phase-to-phase or phase-to-ground faults. For example, if a short
circuit occurs between phase 1 (L1) and phase 2 (L2), the fault loop is
L1-L2. The currents and voltages of the fault loop are decisive when
calculating the distance to fault.
forward
Direction—normally downstream towards the line or load (i.e., toward the
protected component).
high-set
An overcurrent protection element that operates independently of the
definite time or inverse time elements and typically has a high pickup value
and a small or zero (instantaneous) time delay.
isolated (system)
The neutral system point is purposely not connected to ground
(ungrounded).
marshalling
Configuring the I/O units (LEDs, trip relays, etc.)
7SA511 Line Protection Relay Introduction
July 27, 19951-6
Terms
pickup
Activation of a protection function either through detection of a fault or as
a result of a binary input. The current and voltage levels or ratios that
cause a protection element to pick up are called pickup values.
reclaim time
The no-fault time period following automatic reclose that defines a
successful reclose
reverse
Direction—normally upstream towards the bus or source (i.e. away from
the protected object).
stage
A protection element; a group of protection parameters that, at a
minimum, include pickup and time delay values.
starpoint
Common connection point in wye-connected electrical equipment; the
neutral connection.
target
System device to which a command or signal is directed.
trip
Activate a trip relay or open a circuit breaker.
1.3 Relay Model Number
The model number for your 7SA511 relay is printed on the relay’s nameplate, which is located on
the operator panel (see Figure 2-1 in Chapter 2, “Product Description”). As illustrated in Figure
1-1, you can read your relay’s model number and determine the rated current, DC supply voltage,
type of mounting (flush or surface), type of fault detection, and which optional functions your
relay has. Using the model number allows you to verify that you have the correct relay for the
application.
This manual frequently refers you to the relay model number so you can determine whether or not
a particular section is applicable to your relay and protected system. When the model number is
used, the character(s) significant to the discussion is bold, and asterisks (*) are used to indicate
that the character is irrelevant to the discussion. For example, model number 7SA511*-**A5*-
**A/E* means the relay does not have the automatic reclose feature, so you can skip the sections
on automatic reclose.
7SA511 Line Protection Relay Chapter 1
July 27, 1995 1-7
Mounting construction
Fault detection options
Ground fault detection input
For grounded systems, ground current input for protected line only
For ungrounded systems, without parallel line compensation
For grounded systems, ground current input for parallel line compensation
Overcurrent fault detection
Overcurrent, Voltage-controlled Overcurrent, and Polygonal Impedance
fault detection
Overcurrent and Voltage-controlled Overcurrent fault detection
7SA511 A5
Line Protection Relay
Ratedcurrentat60/50HzAC
1A
5A
Rated power supply voltage VDC
24, 48 VDC
60, 110, 125 VDC
220, 250 VDC
1
2
5
5
4
Surface mounting
Flush mounting
Communications interface (rear port)
Automatic reclose (AR)/Parameter changeover (PCO)
None
Isolated, hard-wired
Integrated fiber optic
without AR
with AR 3-pole
with AR 1/3-pole
without AR
with AR 3-pole
with AR 1/3-pole
without PCO
without PCO
without PCO
with PCO
with PCO
with PCO
without PS
with PS
without PS
with PS
without GF
without GF
with GF
with GF
Power swing (PS)/High-resistance ground fault protection (GF) *
1
2
3
0
1
2
A
B
C
A
C
F
B
E
G
0
2
1
3
B
C
* The Power swing (PS) option is only applicable when the fault detection system selected is the polygonal impedance detector (code = 2).
The High-resistance ground fault (GF) protection is only applicable for grounded systems, i.e., the ground fault detection Input code must be
0or2.
Figure 1-1. Reading the 7SA511 Relay Model Number.
7SA511 Line Protection Relay Introduction
July 27, 19951-8
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7SA511 Line Protection Relay Chapter 2
July 27, 1995 2-1
Product Description
Table of Contents
2. Product Description ............................................................................................................2-3
2.1 About the Relay.....................................................................................................2-3
2.2 Relay Features.......................................................................................................2-3
2.3 Relay Setting Types...............................................................................................2-4
2.3.1 Relay Setting Descriptions (by Address Block)........................................2-5
2.4 Overview of Protection Functions..........................................................................2-8
2.4.1 Distance Protection.................................................................................2-8
2.4.2 Emergency Overcurrent Protection.......................................................... 2-10
2.4.3 Power Swing Protection (optional).......................................................... 2-10
2.4.4 Pilot Protection.......................................................................................2-10
2.4.5 High-Sensitivity Ground Fault Protection for Ungrounded Systems
(optional).........................................................................................................2-10
2.4.6 High-Resistance Ground Fault Protection (optional)................................2-11
2.4.7 Automatic Reclose (optional)..................................................................2-12
2.4.8 Distance-to-Fault Location......................................................................2-12
2.5 Additional Functions and Features of the Relay......................................................2-13
2.5.1 Secured Data Storage..............................................................................2-13
2.5.2 Serial Data Ports.....................................................................................2-13
2.5.3 Multiple Parameter Sets (optional)..........................................................2-14
7SA511 Line Protection Relay Product Description
July 27, 19952-2
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7SA511 Line Protection Relay Chapter 2
July 27, 1995 2-3
2. Product Description
2.1 About the Relay
The 7SA511 line protection relay is a microprocessor-based relay designed to provide fast,
reliable, and selective clearance of all kinds of ground and phase faults on overhead lines and
cables being fed from one point or multiple points. The system can be radial, ring, or meshed
topography. The system starpoint can be solidly grounded, compensated (resonant grounded), or
isolated (ungrounded). This relay has 10 binary inputs, 5 trip relays, 11 signal relays, and 16 LED
indicators.
The relay can be flush or surface mounted and is easily programmed and operated using the
controls and keypad on the operator panel. The LEDs on the operator panel continuously display
relay status and target indication. When prompted, the LCD shows the system settings,
configuration settings, protection settings, measured values, calculated values, setting options,
event messages, and other operational information.
The relay can be connected to a PC or to a substation control system, enabling the user to analyze
data stored in the relay’s memory and to monitor the relay’s alarms and status signals.
7SA511 Line Protection Relay Product Description
July 27, 19952-4
2.2 Relay Features
Microprocessor-Based Technology
Fully Numerical Design
Five Distance Zones, Phase and Ground
Polygonal Impedance Characteristic
Selectable Forward, Reverse or
Nondirectional
Separate R-Setting for Phase and
Ground
Seven Independent Time Delays
Fault Detector Options
Overcurrent
Voltage-Controlled Overcurrent
Impedance
Pilot Logic Schemes
Permissive Overreach Transfer Trip
(POTT)
Permissive Underreach Transfer Trip
(PUTT)
Blocking
Unblocking
Directional Comparison
Directional Pilot Wire (requires
7PA5210)
Weak Feed Echo Keying Logic
Transient Blocking
Zone Extension Scheme
Reverse Interlock Bus Protection
Single/Three-Pole Trip
Single/Three-Pole Multi-Shot Reclosing
Loss of Potential Block
Overcurrent Protection as Backup for
Distance Protection
Power Swing Block/Trip
Close-Onto-Fault Protection
Isolated Ground Fault Detection
Directional High Resistance Ground
Fault Protection
Nonvolatile Memory for Settings and
Targets
Programmable Binary Inputs, LEDs,
Signal and Trip Relays
Four Independent Setting Groups
Fault Locating
Parallel Line Compensation Option
Fault Target Data
Fault Waveform Capture (0.83 ms
resolution for 60 Hz frequency)
Operations Event Log
Circuit Breaker Operations Counter
Accumulated Circuit Breaker
Interrupted Current (per pole)
Real-Time Clock
Circuit Breaker Trip Test Function
Circuit Breaker Reclose Test
Metering Functions (On-line)
Voltage
Current
Real Power (Watts)
Reactive Power (Vars)
Frequency
Impedances
Two Serial Ports (one standard, one
optional)
IEC 870-5 Communication Standard
Self-Monitoring
Draw Out Construction
2.3 Relay Setting Types
The relay requires four types of settings. The settings, described below, determine how the relay
recognizes and responds to operating conditions to protect your power apparatus equipment.
Each relay is delivered with a set of parameters that are preprogrammed at the factory. All of the
presettings are identified in Chapter 5, “Programming the Relay.”
Operating settings define the conditions under which the relay will function. These
include the setting of the real-time clock (time and date), choice of display language, and
7SA511 Line Protection Relay Chapter 2
July 27, 1995 2-5
choice of the data transmission rate for the front port. The operating settings also identify
what information is to be displayed in each of the two lines of the LCD for operational
messages and for fault messages.
The relay’s “Scope of Functions” settings are also considered part of the operating
settings. These settings indicate which functions are activated (EXIST) and deactivated
(NON-EXIST). Operating settings also indicate how the optional functions automatic
reclose and parameter changeover will operate.
System settings identify the protected power system and switchgear. Information such as
the system starpoint direction and condition, voltage transformer voltages, and current
transformer rated current is required. The relay’s distance protection and ground fault
protection functions use this information to compute the system’s protection requirements.
When the parameter changeover feature is available (see section 2.5.3), system settings
can vary between the parameter sets.
Protection settings such as for distance protection, pilot protection, and overcurrent
protection, specify the values that are used to identify fault conditions and are the majority
of settings the 7SA511 relay requires. Depending on your relay model (see section 1.3.3),
you may also need to indicate settings for power swing blocking protection or high-
resistance ground fault protection. When the parameter changeover feature is available
(see section 2.5.3), protection settings can vary between the parameter sets.
Relay configuration settings tell the relay how to process the input information and
logically associate it with the output devices. If desired, you can reassign the binary inputs,
annunciations, and the function of the relay’s output signals, trip relays, and LEDs.
Configuration is also referred to in this manual as programming or marshalling the relay.
2.3.1 Relay Setting Descriptions (by Address Block)
Each relay input and output setting is assigned to a four-digit address number that you must
access to display or change the setting. Address numbers are typically grouped in blocks
according to their function. Table 2-1 describes all of the primary address blocks used in this
relay. Your relay’s configuration determines which addresses you will be able to access.
Table 2-1. 7SA511 Relay Primary Address Blocks.
Address LCD Text Description
1000
PARAMETERS
1100 POWER
SYSTEM DATA
Program the protected system settings such as the system starpoint
condition, voltage transformer data, and current transformer data.
Also set the parameters for general line data.
1200 DIST. PROT.
GENERAL SETTINGS
Indicate whether distance protection is on or off, program the
direction of the distance protection directional elements, and set the
trip delays for the fault detection zones (T4 or T5).
1300 DIST. PROT.
INDEPEND. ZONES
Set the parameters for independent distance zones.
Zone Z1 delay T1
Zone Z2 delay T2
Zone Z3 delay T3
7SA511 Line Protection Relay Product Description
July 27, 19952-6
Address LCD Text Description
1400 DIST. PROT.
CONTROLLED ZONES
Set the parameters for controlled (overreach) zones.
Zone Z1B delay T1B
Zone Z1L delay T1L
1500 DIST. PROT.
FAULT DETECTION
Select the measurement control parameters for voltage-controlled
overcurrent fault detection or impedance fault detection.
1600 DIST. PROT.
FAULT DETECTION
Set the parameters for the fault detection program selected in
address 1500. Also used to set all parameters for overcurrent
detection only.
1700 FAULT LOOP
EARTHED NETWORK
Set the parameters for determination of a fault loop in a grounded
system
1800 FAULT LOOP
NON-EARTHED NET
Set the parameters for determination of a fault loop in isolated or
compensated systems.
2000 POWER SWING Select the type of power swing blocking protection (three options),
and set the power swing polygon and vector values.
2100 TELEPROTEC
PERM. UNDERREACH
Program the settings for pilot protection, permissive underreach
transfer scheme.
2200 TELEPROTEC
PER. OVERREACH
Program the settings for pilot protection, permissive overreach
transfer scheme. This includes setting the echo keying function on or
off, the echo delay time, signal duration, and transient blocking
time.
2600 EMERGENCY
OVERCURRENT PROT.
Program the settings for emergency overcurrent protection,
including turning the function on or off.
2800 FAULT
RECORDINGS
Turn the waveform capture function on or off, select whether
waveform capture is initiated by fault detection or by trip command,
and indicate whether waveform records will be sent to a
communications device connected to the front or to the rear port.
2900 MEAS. VALUE
SUPERVISION
Control the sensitivity of the measured values monitoring functions.
Also program the settings for the fuse failure monitor, if used.
3000 EARTH FAULT
NON-EARTHED NET
Configure the relay for ground fault detection in systems with an
isolated or compensated starpoint.
3100 EARTH FAULT
DIREC/NON-DIREC
Configure the relay for high-resistance ground fault protection in a
grounded system.
3200 EARTH FAULT
DIREC. COMPARISON
Configure directional comparison ground fault protection settings.
3300 EARTH FAULT
NON-DIRECTIONAL
Configure the relay for nondirectional ground fault protection.
3400 AUTO-RECLOS.
FUNCTIONS
Program how the auto-reclose function interacts with the protection
functions, and set reclose cycle times.
3800 FAULT
LOCATION
Configure the fault location function.
4000
TESTS
4200 DIRECTIONAL TEST Run the preprogrammed directional test of the individual
measurement loops. All six measurement loops should indicate the
correct direction of the load flow.
4300 CB-TEST
TRIP-CLOSE CYCLE
Run the preprogrammed trip-close test using the internal auto-
reclose function.
4400 CB TEST
LIVE TRIP
Check the operation of the circuit breaker tripping function and the
operation of the circuit breaker. This test is independent of the
automatic reclose function.
7SA511 Line Protection Relay Chapter 2
July 27, 1995 2-7
Address LCD Text Description
5000
ANNUNCIATIONS
5100 OPERATIONAL
ANNUNCIATIONS
Display operational and status events in chronological order
beginning with the latest event. Operational messages include
pickup and drop-out of enabled protections and alarms, pickup and
drop-out of binary inputs, signal outputs, trips, relay diagnostics, and
other relay operational information.
5200 LAST FAULT Display the target history log for the most recent system fault, from
fault detection until drop-out. The fault number, beginning fault
time and time resolution display first, followed by the applicable
annunciations. Fault annunciations are available for distance
protection, emergency overcurrent protection, fault location, high-
resistance ground fault protection, and the internal auto-reclose
function.
5300 2nd to LAST FAULT Display the target history log for the second to last fault. See address
5200 for available fault messages.
5400 3rd to LAST FAULT Display the target history log for the third to last fault. See address
5200 for available fault messages.
5500 ISOLATED
EARTH FLT DATA
Display the annunciations generated for the last three ground faults
for ungrounded systems (isolated or compensated).
5600 CB OPERAT.
STATISTICS
Display the circuit breaker operation statistics.
5700 OPERATIONAL
MEASURED VALUES
Display the operational measured values, which are calculated based
on the values entered for the protected system settings and on the
relay rated frequency. The data displays in absolute primary values
and in percent of the rated relay values.
5800 ISOL. E/F
MEASURED VALUES
For ungrounded systems, this address displays the measured values
that occurred during the last ground fault.
6000
MARSHALLING
6100 MARSHALLING
BINARY INPUTS
Configure the binary inputs.
6200 MARSHALLING
SIGNAL RELAYS
Configure the signal relays.
6300 MARSHALLING
LED INDICATORS
Configure the LEDs, including whether the indication is latched or
unlatched.
6400 MARSHALLING
TRIP RELAYS
Configure the trip relays.
6900 LSA CONFIGURATION Indicate whether the relay is part of a substation control system via
the rear communications port.
7000
OPERATING
PARAMETERS
Program the language selection, date format, substation
identification numbers for the relay; select which operational
messages to display, which fault event annunciations to display, etc.
7800 SCOPE OF FUNCTIONS Indicate which protection and operating functions are available in
the relay, e.g., emergency overcurrent protection, fault location
detection, internal auto-reclose, etc. Also identify the rated frequency
for the protected system.
7900 DEVICE
CONFIGURATION
Program how the auto-reclose function interacts with the protection
functions of the relay.
8000
DEVICE CONTROL
8100 SETTING
REAL TIME CLOCK
Set the date and time for the real-time clock. You can also specify a
difference time, which is primarily used to synchronize the relay’s
real-time clock with another reference.
7SA511 Line Protection Relay Product Description
July 27, 19952-8
Address LCD Text Description
8200 RESET Reset stored data including the LEDs, event log, and target log data.
8500 PARAMETER
CHANGE-OVER
Select which parameter set is to be active, and copy parameter sets.
2.4 Overview of Protection Functions
This section gives an overview of each of the 7SA511 relay protection functions, as listed below:
Distance protection
Emergency overcurrent protection
Power swing protection (optional)
Pilot protection
Ground fault detection for ungrounded systems (optional)
High-resistance ground fault protection for grounded systems (optional)
Automatic reclose (optional)
Distance-to-fault location
You should read the relay’s model number on the front of the operator panel to determine if your
relay has the optional protection functions. section 1.3 in the “Introduction” section of this manual
describes how to read and interpret the relay model number.
2.4.1 Distance Protection
Distance protection is the main function of the 7SA511 relay. It is characterized by high
measuring accuracy and flexible adaptation possibilities for the system characteristics. The
distinguishing distance protection features of the 7SA511 relay are briefly discussed in the rest of
this section.
Feature Description
Fault detection
options
Overcurrent fault detection (I
ph
>>). Use of this fault detection
scheme depends on high short circuit currents.
Voltage-controlled overcurrent (underimpedance) fault detection
(V</I>). An overcurrent detection scheme in which the pickup
value is voltage-controlled. The measured voltages, depending
on the selected settings, may be the phase-to-ground or the
phase-to-phase voltages.
Polygonal impedance (dogbone) fault detection (Z<). This
detection scheme uses calculated loop impedance values.
/