NET+Works with Green Hills
Programmer's Guide
Operating system/version: 6.2
Part number/version: 90000692_A
Release date: March 2005
www.netsilicon.com
NET+Works with Green
Hills Programmer’s Guide
©2001-2005 NetSilicon, Inc.
Printed in the United States of America. All rights reserved.
NetSilicon, NET+Works, and NET+OS are trademarks of NetSilicon, Inc. ARM is a registered trademark
of ARM Limited. NET+ARM is a registered trademark of ARM Limited and is exclusively sublicensed to NetSilicon. Digi
and Digi International are trademarks or registered trademarks of Digi International Inc. in the United States and
other countries. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
NetSilicon makes no representations or warranties regarding the contents of this document. Information in this
document is subject to change without notice and does not represent a commitment on the
part of NetSilicon. This document is protected by United States copyright law, and may not be copied, reproduced,
transmitted, or distributed in whole or in part, without the express prior written permission of NetSilicon. No title to
or ownership of the products described in this document or any of its parts, including patents, copyrights, and trade
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advises its customers to obtain the latest version of relevant information to verify, before placing orders, that the
information being relied on is current.
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LIFE-SUPPORT APPLICATIONS, DEVICES, OR SYSTEMS, OR OTHER CRITICAL APPLICATIONS.
NetSilicon assumes no liability for applications assistance, customer product design, software performance, or
infringement of patents or services described herein. Nor does NetSilicon warrant or represent that any license,
either express or implied, is granted under any patent right, copyright, mask work right, or other intellectual
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products or services might be or are used
.
Contents
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Chapter 1: NET+Works Introduction......................................1
System components ..................................................................... 2
NET+Works runtime software ................................................... 2
HTML-to-C compiler .............................................................. 3
Advanced Web Server (AWS) PBuilder utility................................. 3
Address Configuration Executive (ACE)........................................ 3
System requirements.................................................................... 4
Chapter 2:
Requesting and Installing a
MULTI 2000 License
....................................................................5
Overview .................................................................................. 6
MULTI 2000 license options ............................................................ 6
Node-locked license .............................................................. 6
Floating license ................................................................... 6
Dongle-locked license ............................................................ 7
Request permanent licenses immediately .................................... 7
Requesting a license .................................................................... 7
Before you request a permanent license...................................... 8
Requesting a license ............................................................. 8
Requesting a license for the Event Analyzer ................................. 8
Installing MULTI 2000 licenses ......................................................... 8
Before you install — dongle-locked licenses only ............................ 8
Installing a license................................................................ 9
Setting up clients for floating licenses ............................................... 9
Windows NT systems ............................................................. 9
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Windows 2000 and Windows XP systems ...................................... 9
Chapter 3:
Using the HTML-to-C Compiler..........................11
Overview ................................................................................. 12
Web content............................................................................. 12
Static and dynamic content and forms processing ......................... 13
Preparing to use the HTML-to-C compiler ................................... 16
How the HTML-to-C compiler works .......................................... 16
Using the HTML-to-C compiler........................................................ 18
Creating a new project ......................................................... 19
Removing obsolete data ........................................................ 20
Adding or removing source files ............................................... 20
Specifying the location of files ................................................ 21
Generating C source files....................................................... 21
Setting or changing a project’s home page.................................. 21
Editing URL files ........................................................................ 22
Opening the url.c file ........................................................... 22
Adding and deleting URLs ...................................................... 23
Editing a URL ..................................................................... 23
Setting the user and password of a URL...................................... 24
Chapter 4:
Using the MIBMAN Utility...................................25
Overview ................................................................................. 26
Terms and concepts .................................................................... 26
SNMP ............................................................................... 26
Scalar MIB objects ............................................................... 27
MIB tables ......................................................................... 27
Traps............................................................................... 28
Action routines ................................................................... 29
Implementing a MIB: an example ............................................. 29
Converting an SNMP MIB into C code ................................................ 29
Step 1: Using SMICng ............................................................ 29
Step 2: Using MIBMAN ........................................................... 30
Step 3: Final integration........................................................ 42
Writing action routines ................................................................ 43
Action routines for scalar objects............................................. 43
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Action routines for tables ...................................................... 48
SNMP OID and string index values ............................................. 57
Chapter 5:
Using the Advanced Web Server PBuilder
Utility
............................................................................................ 59
Overview ................................................................................. 60
The PBuilder utility.............................................................. 60
About the Advanced Web Server Toolkit documentation.................. 61
Running the PBuilder utility........................................................... 61
Linking the application with the PBuilder output files ........................... 63
security.c file .................................................................... 63
cgi.c and file.c files ............................................................. 63
Comment tags ........................................................................... 63
Creating Web pages .................................................................... 64
AWS custom variables ........................................................... 64
Data types ........................................................................ 66
Displaying variables ............................................................. 66
Changing variables............................................................... 67
Security............................................................................ 69
Exceptional cases ................................................................ 70
Controlling the MAW module ......................................................... 70
Setting the semaphore timeout ............................................... 70
Array subscripts .................................................................. 71
Error handling .................................................................... 72
Building the application ........................................................ 73
Phrase dictionaries and compression ......................................... 73
Maintaining and modifying Web content............................................ 74
Sample applications .................................................................... 74
Chapter 6:
Troubleshooting .................................................... 75
Diagnosing errors ....................................................................... 76
Diagnosing a fatal error......................................................... 76
Diagnosing an unexpected exception ......................................... 76
Reserializing a development board .................................................. 77
Observing the LEDs .............................................................. 77
Preparing to reserialize......................................................... 78
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Assigning a MAC address to the NET+Works board.......................... 78
Restoring the contents of flash ROM................................................. 80
Step 1: Configure the development board and the MAJIC................. 80
Step 2: Building the bootloader ............................................... 81
Step 3: Building the application image and starting naftpapp ........... 81
Step 4: Sending rom.bin to the development board ....................... 81
Step 5: Verifying the boot ROM image on the development board ...... 82
Index
Using This Guide
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Review this section for basic information about this guide, as well as for general
support contact information.
About this guide
This guide describes NET+OS 6.2 with Green Hills Tools and how to use it as part of
your development cycle. Part of the NET+Works integrated product family, NET+OS is
a network software suite optimized for the NET+ARM.
Software release
This guide supports NET+OS 6.2. By default, this software is installed in the
C:/netos62_ghs/ directory.
Who should read this guide
This guide is for software engineers and others who use NET+Works for NET+OS.
To complete the tasks described in this guide, you must:
Be familiar with installing and configuring software.
Have sufficient user privileges to do these tasks.
Be familiar with network software and development board systems.
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NET+Works with Green Hills Programmer’s Guide
Conventions used in this guide
This table describes the typographic conventions used in this guide:
What’s in this guide
This table shows where you can find information this guide:
Related documentation
NET+Works Quick Install Guide describes how to install the hardware.
NET+Works with Green Hills Tutorial provides a brief, hands-on exercise.
This convention Is used for
italic type Emphasis, new terms, variables, and document titles.
bold, sans serif type Menu commands, dialog box components, and other
items that appear on-screen.
Select
menu name menu
selection name
Menu commands. The first word is the menu name; the
words that follow are menu selections.
monospaced type File names, pathnames, and code examples.
To read about See
The NE
T+
Works components Chapter 1, “NE
T+
Works Introduction”
Requesting evaluation and permanent
license keys
Chapter 2, “Requesting and Installing a
MULTI 2000 License”
Converting HTML and related Web page
files to C code
Chapter 3, “Using the HTML-to-C Compiler”
Using the MIBMAN utility to implement
management information bases (MIBs)
Chapter 4, “Using the MIBMAN Utility”
Using the PBuilder utility to convert HTML
Web pages into compilable C source code
Chapter 5, “Using the Advanced Web Server
PBuilder Utility”
Diagnosing problems; reserializing a
development board
Chapter 6, “Troubleshooting”
www.netsilicon.com
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NET+Works with Green Hills BSP Porting Guide describes how to port the
board support package (BSP) to a new hardware application.
The NET+Works online help describes the application program interfaces (APIs)
that are provided with NET+OS.
For information about third-party products and other components, review
the documentation CD-ROM that came with your development kit.
For information about the processor you are using, see your NET+Works hardware
documentation.
Documentation updates
NetSilicon occasionally provides documentation updates on the Web site. Be
aware that if you see differences between the documentation you received in
your NET+Works package and the documentation on the Web site, the Web site
content is the latest version.
Customer support
To get help with a question or technical problem with this product, or to make
comments and recommendations about our products or documentation, use the
contact information listed in these tables.
NetSilicon support
For Contact information
Technical support Telephone: 1 800 243-2333 / 1 781 647-1234
Fax: 1 781 893-1388
E-mail: tech_[email protected]
Documentation [email protected]
NetSilicon home page www.netsilicon.com
Online problem reporting www.netsilicon.com/support/problemreporting.jsp
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NET+Works with Green Hills Programmer’s Guide
Digi support
For Contact information
Technical support Telephone: 1 877 912-3444 / 1 952 912-3456
Fax: 1 952 912-4960
Documentation [email protected]
Digi home page www.digi.com
Online problem reporting www.digi.com/support/eservice/eservicelogin.jsp
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NET+Works Introduction
CHAPTER 1
This chapter provides an overview of NET+Works.
System components
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NET+Works with Green Hills Programmer’s Guide
Overview
The NET+Works products offer an embedded solution for hardware and
networking software that are being implemented into product designs.
NET+Works is designed as an alternative to a PC for products that must be
connected to Ethernet for Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) access and for
Internet/Intranet access.
The NET+Works package includes:
A NET+Works processor
A development board and board support package
Either a MAJIC/MAJICO debugger or a Raven debugger
The networking firmware
The object code with application program interfaces (APIs)
Development tools
Sample code
Documentation
For information about the NET+ARM devices, see the hardware documentation.
System components
This section describes the components that make up the NET+Works software.
NET+Works runtime software
NET+Works software provides the building blocks to help you create your custom
applications. You create your application with calls to APIs for:
The board support package (BSP)
ThreadX RTOS kernel
Basic Internet protocols
Higher-level protocols and services
www.netsilicon.com
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NET+Works Introduction
Board support package
The NET+Works BSP is a collection of ARM object code and C source-code drivers
and bootloader. The BSP initializes hardware and software, and it provides power-
on self test (POST).
The BSP includes a set of APIs that you use to incorporate device peripheral
functionality into your application. In addition, the BSP provides the drivers for
your NET+ARM processor or Digi Connect module development board, including
Ethernet, Serial, SPI, Flash, USB host, USB device, LCD, PCI/CardBus, and others.
ThreadX RTOS kernel
The RTOS is based on a high-speed picokernel architecture. ThreadX helps you
manage complex event synchronization and memory using threads, queues,
application timers, semaphores, and event flags.
HTML-to-C compiler
The toolkit provides a compiler that translates your HyperText Markup-Language
(HTML) code into C code. You can then compile the C code as part of the project,
which allows you to create the pages your menu system needs to perform the tasks
necessary for your device. Sample code also is provided.
Advanced Web Server (AWS) PBuilder utility
Using the PBuilder utility, you create or maintain Web pages and recomplile the
application program to generate updated images. The PBuilder provides support for
HTML, multiple Web object sources, object compression, and advanced security.
Address Configuration Executive (ACE)
NET+Works provides services such as the ACE, which lets you acquire IP parameters
at startup from multiple prioritized sources, including BOOTP, RARP, Auto IP, and
others.
System requirements
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NET+Works with Green Hills Programmer’s Guide
System requirements
To run NET+Works with Green Hills, your system must meet these requirements:
A minimum of a 700 MHz Pentium processor and 256 MB of RAM. A 1.4 GHz
Pentium processor with 512 MB of RAM is recommended.
A 256-color display, at a minimum resolution of 1024x768. A minimum
resolution of 1280x1024 is recommended.
An Ethernet connection.
1000 MB of free disk space per installation. If an older version of MULTI is
already installed on your machine, install this version in a different directory.
If you are installing to a drive other than your primary Windows drive, you also
must have at least 10 MB available on the primary drive for temporary files
and DLLs.
A CD-ROM drive.
You need this software installed on your system:
Internet Explorer 3.01 or later (to view online help).
Microsoft Windows 2000 or XP
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Requesting and Installing a
MULTI 2000 License
CHAPTER 2
Before you can use the MULTI 2000 software, you need to obtain and install
a software license from Green Hills. This chapter discusses licensing options,
provides licensing tips and recommendations, and describes how to request
and install a license.
Overview
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NET+Works with Green Hills Programmer’s Guide
Overview
Green Hills MULTI 2000 provides three licensing options: node-locked, floating, and
dongle-locked. The three license options are available as either evaluation or
permanent licenses.
After you install the Green Hills MULTI 2000 software, you request evaluation and
permanent licenses online. When you receive the key file, you save it to your hard
drive and then install it.
If you are installing floating licenses on Windows NT, Windows 2000, and Windows
XP clients, you need to perform some setup tasks that are specific the client
machine.
MULTI 2000 license options
This section describes the MULTI 2000 licensing options:
Node-locked license
Floating license
Dongle-locked license
Node-locked license
A node-locked license is valid on the computer for which the license is issued. You
cannot move a node-locked license to another computer. Thirty-day evaluation and
permanent node-locked licenses are available.
Floating license
Floating licenses are stored on one or more license servers, and users can check
them out from anywhere on the network. Floating licenses allow you to add new
systems to your network or to have users move from system to system without re-
installing licenses on each machine.
www.netsilicon.com
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Requesting and Installing a MULTI 2000 License
Note, however, that you must install MULTI 2000 software on each machine that
needs to run that software. Thirty-day evaluation and permanent floating licenses
are available.
Dongle-locked license
A dongle is a hardware key that attaches to the parallel port of any machine,
giving that machine a MULTI 2000 license. The dongle can hold licenses for
multiple Green Hills products and can be moved to any computer. Thirty-day
evaluation and permanent licenses are available.
Request permanent licenses immediately
NetSilicon recommends that you request evaluation and permanent licenses at the
same time. Typically, Green Hills responds to node-locked evaluation license
requests (by email) within one business day. Floating evaluation licenses take
slightly longer, and dongle-locked licenses take several days longer still. Responses
to requests for permanent licenses typically take about 15 working days.
To avoid an interruption to your development work, NetSilicon recommends that
you begin the process of acquiring permanent licenses immediately.
Requesting a license
This procedure describes how to first request an evaluation license—so you can
begin development work almost immediately—and then a permanent license, which
can take up to 15 working days to process.
If you plan to request floating licenses, generate the license request on the system
that will be the license server.
If you plan to request node-locked licenses, generate the license request on each
system that will have a node-locked license.
Installing MULTI 2000 licenses
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NET+Works with Green Hills Programmer’s Guide
Before you request a permanent license
Have this information handy when you request a license:
The purchase order number
The date of the purchase order
Requesting a license
X To request a license:
1 Select Start Programs Green Hills Software MULTI for ARM v4.0.5-
NetSilicon Multi.
You will see the Multi launcher.
2 Select Utilities License Administrator.
3 Follow the instructions using the Multi Licensing wizard.
Requesting a license for the Event Analyzer
NET+Works for NET+OS now supports the MULTI 2000 Event Analyzer, an option
that is not included in the NET+Works for NET+OS package. To obtain a license
for the Event Analyzer, either contact your local Green Hills office or go to
www.ghs.com.
Installing MULTI 2000 licenses
This section describes how to install a permanent license, which arrives as a .key
file that you must save to your disk.
Before you install — dongle-locked licenses only
If you requested dongle-locked licenses, make sure the dongle is securely attached
to the parallel port before you begin the license installation procedure.
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