Nikon 105mm User manual

Category
Camera lenses
Type
User manual

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Depth-of-field table-
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Table de profondeur de champ-
Espafiol
-34H
- Page 10
- Page 34
-Seite 16
- Seite 34
- Page 22
- Page 34
Pagina 28
Tabla de profundidad de campo- Pagina 34
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9
NOMENCLATURE
1 Aperture Index
2 Distance Scale
3 Distance Index
4 Focusing Ring
5 Filter Selector Dial
6 Aperture Scale
7 Meter Coupling Shoe
FOREWORD
The Fisheye-Nikkor 8mm f/2.8 lens sees and records every object in a full
180° hemisphere—everything in front, above, below and to either side of the
lens.
Unlike other fisheye lenses, it fits the camera without any need to lock
up the reflex mirror and takes full advantage of the reflex viewing feature of
all Nikon cameras. The focusing range extends down to one foot to permit
pinpoint focusing on foreground objects while throwing the background out
of focus at large apertures, and the aperture diaphragm couples with the
TTL exposure meters for full-aperture exposure measurement. The wide
maximum aperture of f/2.8 means that the viewfinder image is extra-bright
for easy viewing and focusing even in dim light. A set of five filters is built
into the lens barrel.
FISHEYE LENS
Like most fisheye lenses, the Fisheye-Nikkor 8mm f/2.8 covers a 180° hemi-
sphere and produces a circular image on
film.
Barrel distortion is consider-
able,
since the circumference of the image circle corresponds to a straight
line.
The equidistant projection formula (y=C0) is used in order to accommodate
this extra-wide picture angle within a field of finite
size.
The zenith angle (6)
of any point in the image recorded on film is proportional to the distance
(y) from the center of the image (see Photogrammetry, Page 12).
Originally designed for scientific applications such as measuring the zenith
or azimuth of astronomical bodies, recording cloud distribution patterns in
the entire sky or surveying by photogrammetry, the lens is also suited for
many other unique requirements. It is used widely for creating special ef-
fects,
photographing the insides of inaccessible spaces, recording crowd
movements in large areas, etc.
8 EE Servo Coupling Post
9 Aperture-Direct-Readout Scale
10 Aperture Indexing Post
11 Meter Coupling Ridge
12 Aperture Ring
10
MOUNTING THE LENS A
Position the lens in the camera's bayonet mount, aligning the mounting
indexes on the camera and the lens. Twist the lens counterclockwise until it
clicks into place.
To remove, depress the lens release button on the camera and twist the lens
clockwise.
Note:
When mounting the lens on a camera with a lift-up meter coupling lever (Al
type),
make sure that the camera's meter coupling lever is correctly positioned; when
mounting on a camera without this lever (non-Al type), "manual" maximum aperture
indexing is required. In both cases, refer to the camera's instruction manual.
Caution:
Keep the accessory front lens cap in place when mounting or removing the
lens and when loading or unlocading
film.
Always replace this cap when the lens is not
in use to prevent damage to the lens surface.
AUTOMATIC APERTURE DIAPHRAGM B
The Fisheye-Nikkor's automatic diaphragm couples directly to the TTL
meter of all Nikon cameras for full aperture exposure measurement via a
meter coupling ridge for Al cameras or a meter coupling shoe for non-Al
cameras. The aperture ring has click-stop settings for each full f-stop from
f/2.8 to f/22 and can also be set to intermediate openings for more precise
exposure. An "aperture-direct-readout" scale is also engraved on the lens to
allow direct reading of the aperture setting in suitably equipped camera
finders. The procedure for exposure measurement is similar to that used
with other Nikkor lenses. For details see the instruction manual supplied
with your camera.
FOCUSING C
The Fisheye-Nikkor 8mm f/2.8 focuses all the way from infinity down to
one foot (0.3m). This means you can focus on foreground objects while
throwing the background out of focus or move in close to the subject
with-
out stopping down the lens.
To focus, look through the camera viewfinder and turn the focusing ring
until the image on the screen appears needle sharp. The automatic diaphragm
feature and wide f/2.8 maximum aperture guarantee the brightest possible
images for viewing and focusing, even in dim light. Depth of field can be
observed by simply pressing the camera's depth-of-field preview button or
by referring to the table on page 33.
11
COMPOSING
Composing with a fisheye lens requires much more thought and planning
than with a conventional lens. The lens not only produces wideangle distor-
tion but it also exaggerates the relative size of objects to conform to its
circular format. The 8mm f/2.8 offers the photographer the maximum pos-
sible control over picture composition with reflex viewing and focusing
control.
Be careful not to include in the picture unwanted objects such as the legs of
a tripod or the photographer's hands or feet. Also, try not to let too much
direct sunlight strike the lens as this may cause ghost images. One way to
prevent this is to create an artificial "eclipse" using a three-inch diameter
shield attached to a thin rod or wire. Hold the shield in front of the lens in
such a way that it blocks out the direct rays of the sun. The further you
hold the shield from the lens, the less conspicuous it will be in the final
photograph.
USING BUILT-IN FILTERS D
A set of five filters is built into the rear end of the lens mount: skylight
(L1BC), medium yellow (Y48), deep yellow (Y52), orange (056) and red
(R60). These filters are mounted on a revolving turret so they can be moved
into place quickly one after another. Turn the knurled filter selector dial on
the side of the lens mount until the desired filter designation on the rim of
the dial clicks into place.
The skylight filter (L1BC) is used in either black-and-white or color photo-
graphy. The others are normally used to subdue the effect of certain colors
or to increase image contrast in black-and-white photography. Contrast in-
creases progressively from yellow to orange to red.
The table below shows the filter factors for film rated at ASA/ISO 100. No
exposure compensation is necessary with Nikon cameras, since the built-in
meter reads only the light passing through the lens and compensates auto-
matically for loss of light. However, when using the R60 in tungsten lighting,
set the aperture one f/stop wider than the figure indicated by the exposure
meter.
Type of film
Black-and-white
and color
Black-and-white
only
Type of filter
Color and shade
Skylight
v
..
f
Medium
Ye
"
ow
{
D
eep
Orange
Red
Designation
L1BC
Y48
Y52
056
R60
Filter factor
Daylight
1
1.7
2
3.5
6
Tungsten light
1
1.2
1.4
2
5
12
PHOTOGRAMMETRY
The circular photographic image produced by the Fisheye-Nikkor is an
exact reproduction on a flat plane of all objects encompassed within the
180° hemispherical
field.
This feature enables the lens to be used in locating
astral bodies or recording cloud distribution. The center of the image cor-
responds to the zenith in the angle of view, and the distance of any point
in the image from this center is directly proportional to its angle from the
zenith,
expressed by the equation y=C0 where y is the distance of the point
from the image center, 6 is the zenith angle, and C is a constant (see below).
For example, a point in the image 4mm from the center represents an object
at an angle of 30° from the zenith in the angle of view. The table below
gives zenith angles for points at given distances from the center of the film
image.
Relation of Zenith Angle to Distance of Point from Image Center
0: Zenith angle
y: Distance of point
from image center
y
0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
6.5
7.0
7.5
8.0
8.5
9.0
9.5
10.0
10.5
11.0
11.5
0.00
3.58
7.17
10.76
14.36
17.98
21.62
25.27
28.95
32.66
36.40
40.17
43.98
47.83
51.73
55.67
59.67
63.72
67.84
72.03
76.31
80.69
85.21
89.97
A0°
3.58
3.59
3.59
3.60
3.62
3.64
3.65
3.68
3.71
3.74
3.77
3.81
3.85
3.90
3.94
4.00
4.05
4.12
4.19
4.28
4.38
4.52
4.76
0°10
o
20
o
30
o
40
o
50
o
60
o
70°80 90
13
Recommended Focusing Screens
Various interchangeable focusing screens are available for F3- and F2-
series cameras to suit any type of lens or picture-tacking
situation.
Those
which are recommended for use with your lens are listed below. For
screens used with Nikon cameras other than F3-and F2-series cameras
(e.g.,
Nikon FA, FE2, FM2 and FE), refer to the coloumn for F3-series
cameras. For the K2, B2 and E2 focusing screens, refer to the columns
on the K, B and E screens, respectively. For details, also refer to the
specific focusing screen's instruction sheet. _^_^_____
---^^^ Screen
Camera ' --—^___
F3
F2
A/L
©
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CO)
When the Teleconverter TC-201 or TC-200 is attached to this lens, use the fol-
lowing table:
"""----^^^ Screen
Camera ^^~~~^~—-^_
F3
F2
A/L
B
©
0
c D
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0
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m
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When the Teleconverter TC-14A is attached to this lens, use the following table:
~"~ ^^^ Screen
Camera ^~"-~-~-^^
F3
F2
A/L
©
©
B
0
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c D
E
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Gl
G2
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G4
HI
H2
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K/P
©
©
M
R
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T
©
U
©= Excellent focusing
9= Acceptable focusing
The split-image rangefinder, microprism or cross-hair area is dim. Focus on the
surrounding matte area.
0= Acceptable focusing
Slight vignetting or moire phenomenon affects the screen image. But the image
on film shows no trace of this.
A= Acceptable focusing
The in-focus image in the central spot may prove to be slightly out of focus
on
film.
Focus on the surrounding matte area.
= Exposure measurement not possible
Lens/screen combination permits only focusing operation.
()= Indicates degree of exposure compensation.
Blank means not usable.
FEATURES/SPECIFICATIONS
Focal length/Aperture: 8mm f/2.8
Picture
angle:
180°
Effective picture field: 23mm0 on film
Lens construction: 10 elements in 8 groups
Projection formula: Equidistant
Diaphragm: Automatic
Aperture scale: f/2.8 ~ f/22 on both standard and aperture-direct-readout
scales
Exposure measurement: Via full-aperture method; meter coupling ridge
provided for Al cameras and meter coupling shoe for non-AI cameras
Distance scale: Graduated in both feet and meters from 0.3m (1ft) to
infinity (°°)
Mount: Nikon F bayonet mount
Filter:
Built-in
L1
BC, Y48, Y52, 056 & R60
Dimensions: Approx. 123mm0 x 128mm extension from flange; approx.
139mm long (total)
Weight: Approx. 110Og
Accessories
Supplied Optional
Front lens cap
Rear lens cap LF-1
Hard lens case CL-11
Teleconverter TC-201
Teleconverter TC-14A
IS
SCHARFENT1EFETABELLE
TABLE DE PROFONDEUR DE CHAMP
TABLAS DE PROFUNDIDAD DE CAMPO
\ f/
m \
0.3
0.4
0.5
1.0
»
2.8
0.283-0.322
0.358-0.462
0.425-0.630
0.668-2.473
1.513
4
0.277-0.333
0.344-0.499
0.401-0.720
0.593-8.945
1.102
5.6
0.269-0.350
0.328-0.563
0.376-0.909
0.521
0.828
8
0.260-0.383
0.308-0.720
0.345-1.647
0.448
0.622
11
0.249-0.442
0.289-1.221
0.317
0.389
0.491
16
0.236-0.651
0.265
0.284
0.328
0.382
22
0.223-3.208
0.244
0.258
0.286
ftfttt*
Abbildungs-
maKstab
Rapport de
reproduction
Relation de
reproduction
1/19.7
1/32.2
1/44.7
1/107.3
0.317 1/«
DEPTH-OF-FIELD TABLE
1.0
1.5
2.0
5.0
-
2.8
11-5/16"-
1'1-5/16"
1
'3-11/16"-
1'9-13/16"
1
"7-1/4"
2'9-3/4"
2'8-5/8"-
4'11-9/16"-
4
11-1/16"-
1'1-3/8"
V2-7/8"-
2--5/16"
1'5-7/8"-
3'6-H16"
2'3-13/16"-
3'7-3/S"-
5.6
10-3/4"-
1'2-1/8"
13"-
2'5-1/16"
1'4-7/16"-
5'5-5/8"
1'11-9/16"-
2'8-9/16"-
8
10-5/16"-
1'3-l/2"
I'l"-
3'7-l/2"
1
'2-13/16"
163'-3/4"
17-9/16"-
2'-1/2"-
11
9-7/8"-
l'6-l/8"
1
'-1/16"
14'3-5/16"
1'1-3/8"-
1'4-1/2"-
l'7-5/16"-
16
9-3/8"-
2'3-5/8"
10-7/8"-
11-3/4"-
1'1-5/S"-
V3-1/16"-
22
8-13/16"-
22'9-5/8"
9-15/16"-
10-9/16"-
11-11/16"-
r-7/16"-
Reproduction
ratio
1/20.3
1/39.4
1/58.4
1/172.8
1/-
34
No reproduction in any form of this manual, in whole
or in part (except for brief quotation in critical articles
or reviews), may be made without written authoriza-
tion from NIKON CORPORATION.
Nikon
NIKON CORPORATION
FUJI BLDG., 2-3, MARUNOUCHI 3-CHOME, CHIYODA-KU,
TOKYO 100, JAPAN
PHONE: 81-3-214-5311 TELEX: J22601 (NIKON) FAX: 81-3-201-5856 Printed in Japan 8&048-e10
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Nikon 105mm User manual

Category
Camera lenses
Type
User manual
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