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Analog Devices ADSP-21262 SHARC, ADSP-21261 SHARC, ADSP-21266 SHARC, ADSP-21267 SHARC Hardware Reference Manual

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a
ADSP-2126x SHARC
®
Processor
Hardware Reference
Includes ADSP-21261, ADSP-21262
ADSP-21266, ADSP-21267
Revision 5.1, April 2013
Part Number
82-002002-01
Analog Devices, Inc.
One Technology Way
Norwood, Mass. 02062-9106
Copyright Information
© 2013 Analog Devices, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. This docu-
ment may not be reproduced in any form without prior, express written
consent from Analog Devices, Inc.
Printed in the USA.
Disclaimer
Analog Devices, Inc. reserves the right to change this product without
prior notice. Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be
accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Analog
Devices for its use; nor for any infringement of patents or other rights of
third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by impli-
cation or otherwise under the patent rights of Analog Devices, Inc.
Trademark and Service Mark Notice
The Analog Devices logo, Blackfin, SHARC, TigerSHARC, CrossCore,
VisualDSP++, and EZ-KIT Lite are registered trademarks of Analog
Devices, Inc.
All other brand and product names are trademarks or service marks of
their respective owners.
ADSP-2126x SHARC Processor Hardware Reference iii
CONTENTS
PREFACE
Purpose of This Manual ............................................................. xxxi
Intended Audience ...................................................................... xxxi
Manual Contents ....................................................................... xxxii
What’s New in This Manual ...................................................... xxxiv
Technical Support ..................................................................... xxxiv
Supported Processors .................................................................. xxxv
Product Information .................................................................. xxxv
Analog Devices Web Site ..................................................... xxxvi
EngineerZone ...................................................................... xxxvi
Notation Conventions .............................................................. xxxvii
Register Diagram Conventions ................................................ xxxviii
INTRODUCTION
Design Advantages ........................................................................ 1-1
Architectural Overview ................................................................. 1-4
Contents
iv ADSP-2126x SHARC Processor Hardware Reference
Processor Core ........................................................................ 1-5
Processing Elements ............................................................ 1-5
Program Sequence Control ................................................. 1-6
Processor Internal Buses ...................................................... 1-9
Processor Peripherals ............................................................. 1-10
Dual-Ported Internal Memory (SRAM) ............................. 1-10
I/O Processor ................................................................... 1-11
Digital Audio Interface (DAI) ........................................... 1-13
Development Tools ..................................................................... 1-13
Differences From Previous SHARCs ............................................ 1-14
Processor Core Enhancements ............................................... 1-15
Processor Internal Bus Changes ............................................. 1-15
Memory Organization Enhancements .................................... 1-16
Parallel Port Enhancements ................................................... 1-16
I/O Architecture Enhancements ............................................ 1-16
Instruction Set Enhancements ............................................... 1-16
PROCESSING ELEMENTS
Numeric Formats .......................................................................... 2-3
IEEE Single-precision Floating-point Data Format ................... 2-4
Extended-precision Floating-Point Format ............................... 2-6
Short Word Floating-Point Format .......................................... 2-7
Packing for Floating-Point Data .............................................. 2-7
Fixed-Point Formats ................................................................ 2-9
ADSP-2126x SHARC Processor Hardware Reference v
Contents
Setting Computational Modes ..................................................... 2-12
32-Bit Floating-Point Format (Normal Word) ........................ 2-12
40-Bit Floating-Point Format ................................................. 2-14
16-Bit Floating-Point Format (Short Word) ........................... 2-14
32-Bit Fixed-Point Format ..................................................... 2-15
Rounding Mode .................................................................... 2-15
Using Computational Status ........................................................ 2-16
Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) ...................................................... 2-17
ALU Operation ..................................................................... 2-17
ALU Saturation ..................................................................... 2-18
ALU Status Flags ................................................................... 2-19
ALU Instruction Summary .................................................... 2-20
Multiply Accumulator (Multiplier) .............................................. 2-23
Multiplier Operation ............................................................. 2-23
Multiplier Result Register (Fixed-Point) ................................. 2-24
Multiplier Status Flags ........................................................... 2-27
Multiplier Instruction Summary ............................................ 2-28
Barrel Shifter (Shifter) ................................................................. 2-30
Shifter Operation .................................................................. 2-31
Shifter Status Flags ................................................................ 2-35
Shifter Instruction Summary .................................................. 2-36
Data Register File ........................................................................ 2-38
Alternate (Secondary) Data Registers ........................................... 2-40
Multifunction Computations ...................................................... 2-41
Contents
vi ADSP-2126x SHARC Processor Hardware Reference
Secondary Processing Element (PEy) ........................................... 2-45
Dual Compute Units Sets ...................................................... 2-47
Dual Register Files ................................................................ 2-49
Dual Alternate Registers ........................................................ 2-50
SIMD and Status Flags .......................................................... 2-50
SIMD (Computational) Operations ....................................... 2-50
PROGRAM SEQUENCER
Instruction Pipeline ...................................................................... 3-4
Instruction Cache ......................................................................... 3-5
Bus Conflicts .......................................................................... 3-5
Block Conflicts ....................................................................... 3-7
Using the Cache ...................................................................... 3-8
Optimizing Cache Usage ......................................................... 3-9
Branches and Sequencing ............................................................ 3-11
Conditional Branches ............................................................ 3-12
Delayed Branches .................................................................. 3-13
Loop and Status Stacks and Sequencing ....................................... 3-16
Conditional Sequencing .............................................................. 3-17
Core Stalls .................................................................................. 3-21
Execution Stalls ..................................................................... 3-23
DAG Stalls ........................................................................... 3-24
Memory Stalls ....................................................................... 3-24
IOP Register Stalls ................................................................ 3-24
DMA Stalls ........................................................................... 3-24
ADSP-2126x SHARC Processor Hardware Reference vii
Contents
Loops and Sequencing ................................................................. 3-25
Restrictions on Ending Loops ................................................ 3-27
Restrictions on Short Loops ................................................... 3-28
Loop Address Stack ............................................................... 3-31
Loop Counter Stack .............................................................. 3-32
Reading From LCNTR in a LOOP .................................... 3-36
SIMD Mode and Sequencing ...................................................... 3-36
Conditional Compute Operations .......................................... 3-38
Conditional Branches and Loops ........................................... 3-38
Conditional Data Moves ........................................................ 3-38
Case #1: Complementary Register Pair Data Move ............. 3-39
Example 1: Register-to-Memory Move – PEx Explicit Register
3-39
Example 2: Register Move – PEy Explicit Register .......... 3-40
Example 3: Register-to-Memory Move – PEx Explicit Register
3-40
Example 4: Register-to-Memory Move – PEy Explicit Register
3-41
Case #2: Uncomplimentary-to-Complementary Register Move 3-42
Example: Register Moves – Uncomplimentary-to-Complementary
3-42
Case #3: Complementary-to-Uncomplimentary Register Move 3-43
Example: Register Moves – Complementary-to-Uncomplimentary
3-43
Contents
viii ADSP-2126x SHARC Processor Hardware Reference
Case #4: External Memory or IOP Memory Space Data Move 3-44
Example: Register-to-Memory Moves – External or IOP Memory
Space Data Move ....................................................... 3-44
Case #5: Uncomplimentary Register Data Move ................ 3-45
Conditional DAG Operations ............................................... 3-45
Timer and Sequencing ................................................................ 3-46
Interrupts and Sequencing .......................................................... 3-48
Delayed Interrupt Processing ................................................. 3-52
Sensing Interrupts ................................................................. 3-53
Masking Interrupts ............................................................... 3-54
Latching Interrupts ............................................................... 3-55
Stacking Status During Interrupts .......................................... 3-56
Nesting Interrupts ................................................................. 3-58
Reusing Interrupts ................................................................ 3-60
Interrupting IDLE ................................................................ 3-61
Summary .................................................................................... 3-61
DATA ADDRESS GENERATORS
Setting DAG Modes ..................................................................... 4-4
Circular Buffering Mode ......................................................... 4-5
Broadcast Loading Mode ......................................................... 4-5
Alternate (Secondary) DAG Registers ...................................... 4-6
Bit-Reverse Addressing Mode .................................................. 4-8
Using DAG Status ........................................................................ 4-9
ADSP-2126x SHARC Processor Hardware Reference ix
Contents
DAG Operations ........................................................................... 4-9
Addressing With DAGs ......................................................... 4-10
Data Addressing Stalls ........................................................... 4-12
Addressing Circular Buffers ................................................... 4-12
Modifying DAG Registers ...................................................... 4-17
Addressing in SISD and SIMD Modes ................................... 4-18
DAGs, Registers, and Memory .................................................... 4-19
DAG Register-to-Bus Alignment ............................................ 4-19
DAG Register Transfer Restrictions ........................................ 4-21
DAG Instruction Summary ......................................................... 4-23
MEMORY
Internal Memory ........................................................................... 5-2
DSP Architecture .................................................................... 5-2
Buses ............................................................................................ 5-3
Internal Address and Data Buses .............................................. 5-4
Internal Data Bus Exchange ..................................................... 5-6
ADSP-2126x Memory Map ......................................................... 5-10
Memory Organization and Word Size .................................... 5-12
Placing 32-Bit Words and 48-Bit Words ............................ 5-13
Mixing 32-Bit Words and 48-Bit Words ............................ 5-14
Restrictions on Mixing 32-Bit Words and 48-Bit Words ..... 5-16
Example: Calculating a Starting Address for 32-Bit Addresses 5-17
48-Bit Word Allocation ..................................................... 5-17
Internal Interrupt Vector Table .............................................. 5-18
Contents
x ADSP-2126x SHARC Processor Hardware Reference
Internal Memory Data Width ................................................ 5-18
Secondary Processor Element (PEy) ....................................... 5-19
Broadcast Register Loads ....................................................... 5-20
Illegal I/O Processor Register Access ...................................... 5-21
Unaligned 64-Bit Memory Access .......................................... 5-21
Using Memory Access Status ....................................................... 5-22
Accessing Memory ...................................................................... 5-22
Access Word Size ................................................................... 5-23
Long Word (64-Bit) Accesses ............................................ 5-23
Instruction and Extended-Precision Normal Word Accesses 5-25
Normal Word (32-Bit) Accesses ........................................ 5-26
Short Word (16-Bit) Accesses ............................................ 5-26
Setting Data Access Modes .................................................... 5-27
SYSCTL Register Control Bits .......................................... 5-27
Mode 1 Register Control Bits ............................................ 5-27
Mode 2 Register Control Bits ............................................ 5-28
SISD, SIMD, and Broadcast Load Modes .............................. 5-28
Single- and Dual-Data Accesses ............................................. 5-28
Instruction Examples ........................................................ 5-29
Shadow Write FIFO ................................................................... 5-29
Internal Memory Access Listings ................................................. 5-30
Short Word Addressing of Single-Data in SISD Mode ............ 5-32
Short Word Addressing of Dual-Data in SISD Mode .............. 5-34
Short Word Addressing of Single-Data in SIMD Mode .......... 5-36
ADSP-2126x SHARC Processor Hardware Reference xi
Contents
Short Word Addressing of Dual-Data in SIMD Mode ............ 5-38
32-Bit Normal Word Addressing of Single-Data in SISD Mode 5-40
32-Bit Normal Word Addressing of Dual-Data in SISD Mode 5-42
32-Bit Normal Word Addressing of Single-Data in SIMD Mode 5-44
32-Bit Normal Word Addressing of Dual-Data in SIMD Mode 5-46
Extended-Precision Normal Word Addressing of Single-Data .. 5-48
Extended-Precision Normal Word Addressing of Dual-Data ... 5-50
Long Word Addressing of Single-Data .................................... 5-52
Long Word Addressing of Dual-Data ..................................... 5-54
Broadcast Load Access ........................................................... 5-56
Mixed-Word Width Addressing of Long Word with Short Word 5-65
Mixed-Word Width Addressing of Long Word with Extended Word
5-67
JTAG TEST EMULATION PORT
JTAG Test Access Port ................................................................... 6-1
Boundary Scan .............................................................................. 6-2
Background Telemetry Channel (BTC) .......................................... 6-4
User-Definable Breakpoint Interrupts ............................................ 6-4
Restrictions ............................................................................. 6-5
Cycle Count Functionality (EMUCLK) Register ...................... 6-5
Silicon Revision ID ................................................................. 6-5
JTAG Related Registers ................................................................. 6-5
Instruction Register ................................................................. 6-6
Enhanced Emulation Status (EEMUSTAT) Register ................. 6-8
Contents
xii ADSP-2126x SHARC Processor Hardware Reference
Boundary Register ................................................................... 6-8
Built-In Self-Test Operation (BIST) ........................................ 6-9
EMUIDLE Instruction ........................................................... 6-9
Private Instructions ....................................................................... 6-9
References .................................................................................... 6-9
I/O PROCESSOR
General Procedure for Configuring DMA ...................................... 7-2
IOP/Core Interaction Options ...................................................... 7-3
Interrupt-Driven I/O .............................................................. 7-3
Polling/Status Driven I/O ....................................................... 7-7
DMA Controller Operation .................................................... 7-8
Chaining DMA Processes .................................................. 7-10
Transfer Control Block Chain Loading (TCB) ................... 7-13
Setting Up and Starting the Chain .................................... 7-14
Setting Up and Starting Chained DMA over the SPI ......... 7-14
Inserting a TCB in an Active Chain .................................. 7-16
Setting Up DMA Channel Allocation and Priorities ............... 7-17
Managing DMA Channel Priority ..................................... 7-18
DMA Bus Arbitration ....................................................... 7-19
Setting Up DMA Parameter Registers .......................................... 7-21
DMA Transfer Direction ....................................................... 7-21
Data Buffer Registers ............................................................ 7-23
Port, Buffer, and DMA Control Registers .............................. 7-24
Addressing ............................................................................ 7-26
ADSP-2126x SHARC Processor Hardware Reference xiii
Contents
Setting Up DMA ........................................................................ 7-30
PARALLEL PORT
Parallel Port Pins ........................................................................... 8-3
Alternate Pin Functions ........................................................... 8-4
Parallel Ports as FLAG Pins ................................................. 8-4
Parallel Data Acquisition Port as Address Pins ...................... 8-5
Parallel Port Operation .................................................................. 8-5
Basic Parallel Port External Transaction .................................... 8-5
Reading From an External Device or Memory .......................... 8-6
Writing to an External Device or Memory ................................ 8-7
Transfer Protocol ..................................................................... 8-8
8-Bit Mode ......................................................................... 8-9
16-Bit Mode ....................................................................... 8-9
Comparison of 16-Bit and 8-Bit SRAM Modes ...................... 8-11
Parallel Port Interrupt ................................................................. 8-12
Parallel Port Throughput ............................................................. 8-12
8-Bit Access ........................................................................... 8-14
16-Bit Access ......................................................................... 8-14
Conclusion ............................................................................ 8-15
Parallel Port Registers .................................................................. 8-15
Parallel Port DMA Registers ................................................... 8-16
Parallel Port External Setup Registers ..................................... 8-17
Contents
xiv ADSP-2126x SHARC Processor Hardware Reference
Using the Parallel Port ................................................................ 8-17
DMA Transfers ..................................................................... 8-18
Core Driven Transfers ........................................................... 8-18
Known Duration Accesses ................................................. 8-20
Status Driven Transfers (Polling) ....................................... 8-22
Core-Stall Driven Transfers ............................................... 8-22
Interrupt Driven Accesses ................................................. 8-22
Parallel Port Programming Examples ........................................... 8-23
SERIAL PORTS
Serial Port Signals ......................................................................... 9-5
SPORT Operation Modes ............................................................. 9-9
Standard DSP Serial Mode .................................................... 9-11
Standard DSP Serial Mode Control Bits ............................ 9-11
Clocking Options ............................................................ 9-11
Frame Sync Options ......................................................... 9-12
Data Formatting ............................................................... 9-12
Data Transfers .................................................................. 9-13
Status Information ........................................................... 9-13
Left-Justified Sample Pair Mode ............................................ 9-14
Setting the Internal Serial Clock and Frame Sync Rates ..... 9-15
Left-Justified Sample Pair Mode Control Bits .................... 9-15
Setting Word Length (SLEN) ............................................ 9-15
Enabling SPORT Master Mode (MSTR) ........................... 9-16
Selecting Transmit and Receive Channel Order (FRFS) ..... 9-16
ADSP-2126x SHARC Processor Hardware Reference xv
Contents
Selecting Frame Sync Options (DIFS) ............................... 9-16
Enabling SPORT DMA (SDEN) ....................................... 9-17
Interrupt-Driven Data Transfer Mode ............................ 9-17
DMA-Driven Data Transfer Mode ................................. 9-17
I
2
S Mode .............................................................................. 9-18
I
2
S Mode Control Bits ...................................................... 9-20
Setting the Internal Serial Clock and Frame Sync Rates ...... 9-20
I
2
S Control Bits ................................................................ 9-20
Setting Word Length (SLEN) ............................................ 9-21
Enabling SPORT Master Mode (MSTR) ........................... 9-21
Selecting Transmit and Receive Channel Order (FRFS) ...... 9-21
Selecting Frame Sync Options (DIFS) ............................... 9-22
Enabling SPORT DMA (SDEN) ....................................... 9-22
Interrupt-Driven Data Transfer Mode ............................ 9-23
DMA-Driven Data Transfer Mode ................................. 9-23
Multichannel Operation ........................................................ 9-24
Frame Syncs in Multichannel Mode ................................... 9-26
Active State Multichannel Receive Frame Sync Select ..... 9-27
Multichannel Mode Control Bits ....................................... 9-27
Receive Multichannel Frame Sync Source ....................... 9-29
Active State Transmit Data Valid ................................... 9-29
Multichannel Status Bits ................................................ 9-29
Channel Selection Registers ........................................... 9-30
SPORT Loopback ............................................................. 9-32
Contents
xvi ADSP-2126x SHARC Processor Hardware Reference
Clock Signal Options .................................................................. 9-33
Frame Sync Options ................................................................... 9-34
Framed Versus Unframed Frame Syncs ................................... 9-34
Internal Versus External Frame Syncs ..................................... 9-35
Active Low Versus Active High Frame Syncs .......................... 9-36
Sampling Edge for Data and Frame Syncs .............................. 9-36
Early Versus Late Frame Syncs ............................................... 9-37
Data-Independent Frame Sync .............................................. 9-38
Data Word Formats .................................................................... 9-39
Word Length ........................................................................ 9-39
Endian Format ...................................................................... 9-40
Data Packing and Unpacking ................................................ 9-40
Data Type ........................................................................ 9-41
Companding .................................................................... 9-42
SPORT Control Registers and Data Buffers ................................ 9-44
Register Writes and Effect Latency ......................................... 9-50
Serial Port Control Registers (SPCTLx) ................................. 9-50
Transmit and Receive Data Buffers ........................................ 9-60
Clock and Frame Sync Frequencies (DIV) ............................. 9-62
SPORT Interrupts ................................................................ 9-64
Moving Data Between SPORTS and Internal Memory ................ 9-65
DMA Block Transfers ............................................................ 9-66
Setting Up DMA on SPORT Channels ............................. 9-68
ADSP-2126x SHARC Processor Hardware Reference xvii
Contents
SPORT DMA Parameter Registers ......................................... 9-69
SPORT DMA Chaining .................................................... 9-73
Single Word Transfers ............................................................ 9-73
SPORT Programming Examples .................................................. 9-74
SERIAL PERIPHERAL INTERFACE PORT
Functional Description ............................................................... 10-2
SPI Interface Signals ................................................................... 10-3
SPI Clock Signal (SPICLK) .................................................. 10-4
SPICLK Timing ................................................................ 10-5
SPI Slave Select Outputs (SPIDS0-3) ................................. 10-5
SPI Device Select Signal ........................................................ 10-6
Master Out Slave In (MOSI) ................................................. 10-6
Master In Slave Out (MISO) ................................................. 10-6
SPI General Operations ............................................................... 10-7
SPI Enable ............................................................................ 10-8
Open Drain Mode (OPD) ..................................................... 10-8
Master Mode Operation ........................................................ 10-9
Slave Mode Operation ......................................................... 10-10
Multimaster Conditions ....................................................... 10-11
SPI Data Transfer Operations .................................................... 10-12
Core Transmit and Receive Operations ................................. 10-12
SPI DMA ............................................................................ 10-12
Master Mode DMA Operation ........................................ 10-14
Master Transfer Preparation ......................................... 10-16
Contents
xviii ADSP-2126x SHARC Processor Hardware Reference
Slave Mode DMA Operation .......................................... 10-17
Slave Transfer Preparation ........................................... 10-18
Changing SPI Configuration ........................................... 10-20
Switching From Transmit To Receive DMA ..................... 10-21
Switching From Receive to Transmit DMA ..................... 10-22
DMA Error Interrupts .................................................... 10-24
DMA Chaining .............................................................. 10-25
SPI Transfer Formats ................................................................ 10-26
Beginning and Ending an SPI Transfer ................................ 10-28
SPI Word Lengths .................................................................... 10-29
8-Bit Word Lengths ............................................................ 10-30
16-Bit Word Lengths .......................................................... 10-30
32-Bit Word Lengths .......................................................... 10-31
Packing .............................................................................. 10-31
SPI Interrupts ........................................................................... 10-32
SPI Registers ............................................................................ 10-34
Control and Status Registers ................................................ 10-34
SPI Baud Setup Register (SPIBAUD) .............................. 10-34
Use of DSxEN Bits in SPIFLG
for Multiple Slave SPI Systems ..................................... 10-36
SPI Device Select Input Pin ............................................ 10-37
Buffering and Transmit/Receive Registers ............................ 10-37
SPI Transmit Data Buffer Register (TXSPI) ..................... 10-38
SPI Receive Data Buffer Register (RXSPI) ....................... 10-39
ADSP-2126x SHARC Processor Hardware Reference xix
Contents
DMA Registers .................................................................... 10-39
SPI DMA Internal Index Register (IISPI) ........................ 10-39
SPI DMA Address Modifier Register (IMSPI) .................. 10-39
SPI DMA Word Count Register (CSPI) ........................... 10-40
Error Signals and Flags .............................................................. 10-40
Mode Fault Error (MME) .................................................... 10-40
Transmission Error Bit (TUNF) ........................................... 10-41
Reception Error Bit (ROVF) ................................................ 10-42
Transmit Collision Error Bit (TXCOL) ................................ 10-42
Programming Model ................................................................. 10-42
Master Mode Core Transfers ................................................ 10-43
Slave Mode Core Transfers ................................................... 10-44
Master Mode DMA Transfers ............................................... 10-45
Slave Mode DMA Transfers ................................................. 10-47
Chained DMA Transfers ...................................................... 10-48
Stopping Core Transfers ....................................................... 10-49
Stopping DMA Transfers ..................................................... 10-50
Switching from Transmit To Transmit/Receive DMA ............ 10-50
Switching from Receive to Receive/Transmit DMA ............... 10-52
DMA Error Interrupts ......................................................... 10-53
INPUT DATA PORT
Serial Inputs ............................................................................... 11-3
Contents
xx ADSP-2126x SHARC Processor Hardware Reference
Parallel Data Acquisition Port (PDAP) ........................................ 11-6
Masking ................................................................................ 11-8
Packing Unit ......................................................................... 11-8
Packing Mode 11 .............................................................. 11-9
Packing Mode 10 .............................................................. 11-9
Packing Mode 01 ............................................................ 11-10
Packing Mode 00 ............................................................ 11-10
Clocking Edge Selection ...................................................... 11-11
Hold Input ......................................................................... 11-11
PDAP Strobe ...................................................................... 11-13
FIFO Control and Status .......................................................... 11-14
FIFO to Memory Data Transfer ................................................ 11-15
Interrupt-Driven Transfers ................................................. 11-16
Starting an Interrupt-Driven Transfer .............................. 11-16
Interrupt-Driven Transfer Notes .......................................... 11-18
DMA Transfers ................................................................... 11-18
Starting DMA Transfers .................................................. 11-18
DMA Transfer Notes ...................................................... 11-20
DMA Channel Parameter Registers ...................................... 11-22
IDP (DAI) Interrupt Service Routines for DMAs ................. 11-23
Input Data Port Programming Example .................................... 11-24
DIGITAL AUDIO INTERFACE
Structure of the DAI ................................................................... 12-1
DAI System Design .................................................................... 12-2
/