Dell PowerSwitch S4048T-ON User guide

Dell Conguration Guide for the S4048T–ON

System

9.11(2.5)

Notes, cautions, and warnings

NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your product.

CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the problem.

WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.

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2017 - 10

Rev. A00

Contents

1 About this Guide...........................................................................................................................................35

Audience........................................................................................................................................................................... 35

Conventions......................................................................................................................................................................35

Related Documents......................................................................................................................................................... 35

2 Conguration Fundamentals........................................................................................................................ 36

Accessing the Command Line........................................................................................................................................36

CLI Modes.........................................................................................................................................................................36

Navigating CLI Modes............................................................................................................................................... 38

The do Command............................................................................................................................................................. 41

Undoing Commands.........................................................................................................................................................41

Obtaining Help..................................................................................................................................................................42

Entering and Editing Commands....................................................................................................................................42

Command History............................................................................................................................................................ 43

Filtering show Command Outputs.................................................................................................................................43

Example of the grep Keyword.................................................................................................................................. 43

Multiple Users in Conguration Mode...........................................................................................................................44

3 Getting Started............................................................................................................................................45

Console Access................................................................................................................................................................46

Serial Console.............................................................................................................................................................46

Accessing the CLI Interface and Running Scripts Using SSH....................................................................................47

Entering CLI commands Using an SSH Connection..............................................................................................47

Executing Local CLI Scripts Using an SSH Connection........................................................................................ 47

Default Conguration...................................................................................................................................................... 48

Conguring a Host Name............................................................................................................................................... 48

Accessing the System Remotely....................................................................................................................................48

Accessing the System Remotely..............................................................................................................................48

Congure the Management Port IP Address......................................................................................................... 48

Congure a Management Route..............................................................................................................................49

Conguring a Username and Password..................................................................................................................49

Conguring the Enable Password..................................................................................................................................49

Conguration File Management.....................................................................................................................................50

Copy Files to and from the System.........................................................................................................................50

Mounting an NFS File System...................................................................................................................................51

Save the Running-Conguration..............................................................................................................................52

Congure the Overload Bit for a Startup Scenario............................................................................................... 53

Viewing Files...............................................................................................................................................................53

Compressing Conguration Files............................................................................................................................. 54

Managing the File System...............................................................................................................................................57

Enabling Software Features on Devices Using a Command Option..........................................................................57

View Command History.................................................................................................................................................. 58

Contents

3

Upgrading Dell Networking OS...................................................................................................................................... 58

Verify Software Images Before Installation...................................................................................................................58

Using HTTP for File Transfers........................................................................................................................................ 59

4 Management................................................................................................................................................ 61

Conguring Privilege Levels............................................................................................................................................ 61

Creating a Custom Privilege Level............................................................................................................................61

Removing a Command from EXEC Mode.............................................................................................................. 62

Moving a Command from EXEC Privilege Mode to EXEC Mode........................................................................62

Allowing Access to CONFIGURATION Mode Commands....................................................................................62

Allowing Access to Dierent Modes........................................................................................................................62

Applying a Privilege Level to a Username............................................................................................................... 64

Applying a Privilege Level to a Terminal Line.......................................................................................................... 64

Conguring Logging........................................................................................................................................................ 64

Audit and Security Logs............................................................................................................................................65

Conguring Logging Format ...................................................................................................................................66

Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration.................................................................................. 67

Setting Up a Secure Connection to a Syslog Server.............................................................................................67

Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server......................................................................................................69

Track Login Activity......................................................................................................................................................... 69

Restrictions for Tracking Login Activity.................................................................................................................. 69

Conguring Login Activity Tracking.........................................................................................................................69

Display Login Statistics..............................................................................................................................................70

Limit Concurrent Login Sessions.....................................................................................................................................71

Restrictions for Limiting the Number of Concurrent Sessions............................................................................. 71

Conguring Concurrent Session Limit......................................................................................................................71

Enabling the System to Clear Existing Sessions.................................................................................................... 72

Enabling Secured CLI Mode............................................................................................................................................73

Log Messages in the Internal Buer..............................................................................................................................73

Conguration Task List for System Log Management.......................................................................................... 73

Disabling System Logging............................................................................................................................................... 73

Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server............................................................................................................ 74

Conguring a UNIX System as a Syslog Server.....................................................................................................74

Changing System Logging Settings...............................................................................................................................74

Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration........................................................................................ 75

Conguring a UNIX Logging Facility Level....................................................................................................................76

Synchronizing Log Messages......................................................................................................................................... 77

Enabling Timestamp on Syslog Messages.................................................................................................................... 77

File Transfer Services.......................................................................................................................................................78

Conguration Task List for File Transfer Services..................................................................................................78

Enabling the FTP Server........................................................................................................................................... 78

Conguring FTP Server Parameters........................................................................................................................78

Conguring FTP Client Parameters......................................................................................................................... 79

Terminal Lines................................................................................................................................................................... 79

Denying and Permitting Access to a Terminal Line................................................................................................80

Conguring Login Authentication for Terminal Lines..............................................................................................81

4

Contents

Setting Timeout for EXEC Privilege Mode................................................................................................................... 82

Using Telnet to get to Another Network Device..........................................................................................................82

Lock CONFIGURATION Mode....................................................................................................................................... 83

Viewing the Conguration Lock Status...................................................................................................................83

Restoring the Factory Default Settings.........................................................................................................................83

Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................84

Restoring Factory Default Environment Variables................................................................................................. 84

5 802.1X......................................................................................................................................................... 86

Port-Authentication Process..........................................................................................................................................88

EAP over RADIUS......................................................................................................................................................88

Conguring 802.1X...........................................................................................................................................................89

Related Conguration Tasks..................................................................................................................................... 89

Important Points to Remember......................................................................................................................................89

Enabling 802.1X................................................................................................................................................................ 90

Conguring Request Identity Re-Transmissions............................................................................................................91

Conguring a Quiet Period after a Failed Authentication..................................................................................... 92

Forcibly Authorizing or Unauthorizing a Port............................................................................................................... 93

Re-Authenticating a Port................................................................................................................................................93

Conguring Timeouts......................................................................................................................................................94

Conguring Dynamic VLAN Assignment with Port Authentication.......................................................................... 95

Guest and Authentication-Fail VLANs.......................................................................................................................... 96

Conguring a Guest VLAN........................................................................................................................................97

Conguring an Authentication-Fail VLAN............................................................................................................... 97

6 Access Control List (ACL) VLAN Groups and Content Addressable Memory (CAM)....................................99

Optimizing CAM Utilization During the Attachment of ACLs to VLANs...................................................................99

Guidelines for Conguring ACL VLAN Groups........................................................................................................... 100

Conguring ACL VLAN Groups and Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters...............................................100

Conguring ACL VLAN Groups.............................................................................................................................. 100

Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters........................................................................................................101

Viewing CAM Usage...................................................................................................................................................... 102

Allocating FP Blocks for VLAN Processes.................................................................................................................. 103

Unied Forwarding Table (UFT) Modes...................................................................................................................... 104

Conguring UFT Modes.......................................................................................................................................... 104

7 Access Control Lists (ACLs)....................................................................................................................... 106

IP Access Control Lists (ACLs)..................................................................................................................................... 107

CAM Usage...............................................................................................................................................................108

Implementing ACLs on Dell Networking OS..........................................................................................................108

Important Points to Remember.....................................................................................................................................110

Conguration Task List for Route Maps.................................................................................................................110

Conguring Match Routes.......................................................................................................................................112

Conguring Set Conditions......................................................................................................................................113

Congure a Route Map for Route Redistribution..................................................................................................114

Congure a Route Map for Route Tagging............................................................................................................ 115

Contents

5

Continue Clause........................................................................................................................................................ 115

IP Fragment Handling..................................................................................................................................................... 116

IP Fragments ACL Examples................................................................................................................................... 116

Layer 4 ACL Rules Examples................................................................................................................................... 116

Congure a Standard IP ACL.........................................................................................................................................117

Conguring a Standard IP ACL Filter......................................................................................................................118

Congure an Extended IP ACL......................................................................................................................................119

Conguring Filters with a Sequence Number........................................................................................................119

Conguring Filters Without a Sequence Number.................................................................................................120

Congure Layer 2 and Layer 3 ACLs............................................................................................................................ 121

Assign an IP ACL to an Interface..................................................................................................................................122

Applying an IP ACL.........................................................................................................................................................122

Counting ACL Hits....................................................................................................................................................123

Congure Ingress ACLs................................................................................................................................................. 123

Congure Egress ACLs.................................................................................................................................................. 123

Applying Egress Layer 3 ACLs (Control-Plane).................................................................................................... 124

IP Prex Lists.................................................................................................................................................................. 125

Implementation Information.................................................................................................................................... 125

Conguration Task List for Prex Lists.................................................................................................................. 125

ACL Resequencing......................................................................................................................................................... 129

Resequencing an ACL or Prex List.......................................................................................................................129

Route Maps......................................................................................................................................................................131

Implementation Information..................................................................................................................................... 131

Logging of ACL Processes............................................................................................................................................. 131

Guidelines for Conguring ACL Logging................................................................................................................132

Conguring ACL Logging.........................................................................................................................................132

Flow-Based Monitoring..................................................................................................................................................133

Behavior of Flow-Based Monitoring.......................................................................................................................133

Enabling Flow-Based Monitoring............................................................................................................................135

Conguring UDF ACL.................................................................................................................................................... 136

Conguring IP Mirror Access Group............................................................................................................................ 138

Sample Conguration...............................................................................................................................................139

Example of viewing IP mirror–access–group applied to an Interface................................................................139

8 Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD).................................................................................................. 140

How BFD Works............................................................................................................................................................. 140

BFD Packet Format.................................................................................................................................................. 141

BFD Sessions............................................................................................................................................................ 142

BFD Three-Way Handshake.................................................................................................................................... 143

Session State Changes............................................................................................................................................145

Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................................... 145

Congure BFD................................................................................................................................................................ 145

Congure BFD for Physical Ports...........................................................................................................................146

Congure BFD for Static Routes............................................................................................................................147

Congure BFD for OSPF.........................................................................................................................................150

Congure BFD for OSPFv3.....................................................................................................................................155

6

Contents

Congure BFD for IS-IS...........................................................................................................................................158

Congure BFD for BGP............................................................................................................................................161

Congure BFD for VRRP.........................................................................................................................................167

Conguring Protocol Liveness................................................................................................................................ 170

Troubleshooting BFD................................................................................................................................................170

9 Border Gateway Protocol IPv4 (BGPv4).....................................................................................................172

Autonomous Systems (AS)........................................................................................................................................... 172

Sessions and Peers.........................................................................................................................................................174

Establish a Session....................................................................................................................................................174

Route Reectors.............................................................................................................................................................175

BGP Attributes................................................................................................................................................................176

Best Path Selection Criteria.................................................................................................................................... 176

Weight........................................................................................................................................................................178

Local Preference....................................................................................................................................................... 178

Multi-Exit Discriminators (MEDs)...........................................................................................................................179

Origin..........................................................................................................................................................................180

AS Path.......................................................................................................................................................................181

Next Hop....................................................................................................................................................................181

Multiprotocol BGP...........................................................................................................................................................181

Implement BGP with Dell Networking OS...................................................................................................................182

Additional Path (Add-Path) Support......................................................................................................................182

Advertise IGP Cost as MED for Redistributed Routes........................................................................................ 182

Ignore Router-ID in Best-Path Calculation............................................................................................................ 183

Four-Byte AS Numbers............................................................................................................................................183

AS4 Number Representation.................................................................................................................................. 183

AS Number Migration.............................................................................................................................................. 185

BGP4 Management Information Base (MIB)........................................................................................................186

Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 186

Conguration Information..............................................................................................................................................187

BGP Conguration..........................................................................................................................................................187

Enabling BGP............................................................................................................................................................ 188

Conguring AS4 Number Representations............................................................................................................191

Conguring Peer Groups.........................................................................................................................................193

Conguring BGP Fast Fall-Over.............................................................................................................................195

Conguring Passive Peering....................................................................................................................................197

Maintaining Existing AS Numbers During an AS Migration................................................................................. 197

Allowing an AS Number to Appear in its Own AS Path.......................................................................................198

Enabling Graceful Restart....................................................................................................................................... 199

Enabling Neighbor Graceful Restart......................................................................................................................200

Filtering on an AS-Path Attribute.......................................................................................................................... 200

Regular Expressions as Filters................................................................................................................................202

Redistributing Routes..............................................................................................................................................203

Enabling Additional Paths....................................................................................................................................... 204

Conguring IP Community Lists............................................................................................................................ 204

Conguring an IP Extended Community List....................................................................................................... 205

Contents

7

Filtering Routes with Community Lists................................................................................................................. 206

Manipulating the COMMUNITY Attribute............................................................................................................ 207

Changing MED Attributes.......................................................................................................................................208

Changing the LOCAL_PREFERENCE Attribute..................................................................................................208

Conguring the local System or a Dierent System to be the Next Hop for BGP-Learned Routes............ 209

Changing the WEIGHT Attribute............................................................................................................................210

Enabling Multipath....................................................................................................................................................210

Filtering BGP Routes................................................................................................................................................210

Filtering BGP Routes Using Route Maps...............................................................................................................212

Filtering BGP Routes Using AS-PATH Information.............................................................................................. 212

Conguring BGP Route Reectors........................................................................................................................ 213

Aggregating Routes..................................................................................................................................................214

Conguring BGP Confederations........................................................................................................................... 214

Enabling Route Flap Dampening.............................................................................................................................215

Changing BGP Timers..............................................................................................................................................217

Enabling BGP Neighbor Soft-Reconguration......................................................................................................217

Enabling or disabling BGP neighbors......................................................................................................................218

Route Map Continue............................................................................................................................................... 220

Enabling MBGP Congurations................................................................................................................................... 220

Congure IPv6 NH Automatically for IPv6 Prex Advertised over IPv4 Neighbor.......................................... 221

BGP Regular Expression Optimization.........................................................................................................................221

Debugging BGP.............................................................................................................................................................. 221

Storing Last and Bad PDUs....................................................................................................................................222

Capturing PDUs....................................................................................................................................................... 223

PDU Counters.......................................................................................................................................................... 224

Sample Congurations.................................................................................................................................................. 224

10 Content Addressable Memory (CAM)....................................................................................................... 231

CAM Allocation............................................................................................................................................................... 231

Test CAM Usage............................................................................................................................................................ 233

View CAM-ACL Settings.............................................................................................................................................. 233

View CAM Usage...........................................................................................................................................................235

CAM Optimization......................................................................................................................................................... 235

Troubleshoot CAM Proling..........................................................................................................................................236

QoS CAM Region Limitation...................................................................................................................................236

11 Control Plane Policing (CoPP).................................................................................................................. 237

Congure Control Plane Policing................................................................................................................................. 238

Conguring CoPP for Protocols............................................................................................................................ 239

Conguring CoPP for CPU Queues....................................................................................................................... 241

CoPP for OSPFv3 Packets.....................................................................................................................................242

Conguring CoPP for OSPFv3.............................................................................................................................. 245

Displaying CoPP Conguration ............................................................................................................................. 245

12 Data Center Bridging (DCB)..................................................................................................................... 248

Ethernet Enhancements in Data Center Bridging..................................................................................................... 248

8

Contents

Priority-Based Flow Control................................................................................................................................... 249

Enhanced Transmission Selection..........................................................................................................................250

Data Center Bridging Exchange Protocol (DCBx)................................................................................................251

Data Center Bridging in a Trac Flow...................................................................................................................252

Enabling Data Center Bridging.....................................................................................................................................252

DCB Maps and its Attributes..................................................................................................................................253

Data Center Bridging: Default Conguration..............................................................................................................254

Conguring Priority-Based Flow Control....................................................................................................................254

Conguring Lossless Queues................................................................................................................................. 255

Conguring PFC in a DCB Map................................................................................................................................... 256

PFC Conguration Notes....................................................................................................................................... 256

PFC Prerequisites and Restrictions....................................................................................................................... 257

Applying a DCB Map on a Port.................................................................................................................................... 257

Conguring PFC without a DCB Map.........................................................................................................................258

Conguring Lossless QueuesExample:..................................................................................................................258

Priority-Based Flow Control Using Dynamic Buer Method................................................................................... 260

Pause and Resume of Trac..................................................................................................................................260

Buer Sizes for Lossless or PFC Packets............................................................................................................ 260

Behavior of Tagged Packets..........................................................................................................................................261

Conguration Example for DSCP and PFC Priorities.................................................................................................261

Using PFC to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac...................................................................................................262

Congure Enhanced Transmission Selection..............................................................................................................262

ETS Prerequisites and Restrictions....................................................................................................................... 262

Creating an ETS Priority Group..............................................................................................................................262

ETS Operation with DCBx......................................................................................................................................264

Conguring Bandwidth Allocation for DCBx CIN.................................................................................................264

Conguring ETS in a DCB Map..............................................................................................................................265

Hierarchical Scheduling in ETS Output Policies.........................................................................................................266

Using ETS to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac................................................................................................... 267

Applying DCB Policies in a Switch Stack.................................................................................................................... 267

Congure a DCBx Operation........................................................................................................................................ 267

DCBx Operation....................................................................................................................................................... 267

DCBx Port Roles...................................................................................................................................................... 268

DCB Conguration Exchange................................................................................................................................ 269

Conguration Source Election............................................................................................................................... 269

Propagation of DCB Information............................................................................................................................270

Auto-Detection and Manual Conguration of the DCBx Version.......................................................................270

DCBx Example.......................................................................................................................................................... 271

DCBx Prerequisites and Restrictions......................................................................................................................271

Conguring DCBx.....................................................................................................................................................271

Verifying the DCB Conguration..................................................................................................................................275

QoS dot1p Trac Classication and Queue Assignment..........................................................................................284

Conguring the Dynamic Buer Method................................................................................................................... 285

Sample DCB Conguration...........................................................................................................................................286

PFC and ETS Conguration Command Examples...............................................................................................288

Contents

9

13 Dynamic Host Conguration Protocol (DHCP).........................................................................................289

DHCP Packet Format and Options............................................................................................................................. 289

Assign an IP Address using DHCP................................................................................................................................291

Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................292

Congure the System to be a DHCP Server..............................................................................................................292

Conguring the Server for Automatic Address Allocation..................................................................................293

Specifying a Default Gateway................................................................................................................................ 294

Congure a Method of Hostname Resolution..................................................................................................... 294

Using DNS for Address Resolution........................................................................................................................294

Using NetBIOS WINS for Address Resolution..................................................................................................... 295

Creating Manual Binding Entries............................................................................................................................295

Debugging the DHCP Server.................................................................................................................................295

Using DHCP Clear Commands.............................................................................................................................. 296

Congure the System to be a Relay Agent................................................................................................................ 296

Congure the System to be a DHCP Client............................................................................................................... 298

Conguring the DHCP Client System...................................................................................................................298

DHCP Client on a Management Interface............................................................................................................300

DHCP Client Operation with Other Features.......................................................................................................300

Congure the System for User Port Stacking (Option 230).................................................................................... 301

Congure Secure DHCP................................................................................................................................................301

Option 82..................................................................................................................................................................302

DHCP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................................302

Drop DHCP Packets on Snooped VLANs Only....................................................................................................305

Dynamic ARP Inspection........................................................................................................................................ 306

Conguring Dynamic ARP Inspection................................................................................................................... 307

Source Address Validation............................................................................................................................................ 308

Enabling IP Source Address Validation..................................................................................................................308

DHCP MAC Source Address Validation................................................................................................................ 309

Enabling IP+MAC Source Address Validation.......................................................................................................309

Viewing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets.................................................................................................... 310

Clearing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets....................................................................................................310

14 Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP)................................................................................................................. 311

ECMP for Flow-Based Anity.......................................................................................................................................311

Conguring the Hash Algorithm..............................................................................................................................311

Enabling Deterministic ECMP Next Hop................................................................................................................311

Conguring the Hash Algorithm Seed................................................................................................................... 312

Link Bundle Monitoring.................................................................................................................................................. 312

Managing ECMP Group Paths................................................................................................................................313

Creating an ECMP Group Bundle...........................................................................................................................313

Modifying the ECMP Group Threshold................................................................................................................. 313

RTAG7..............................................................................................................................................................................314

Flow-based Hashing for ECMP.................................................................................................................................... 315

15 FIP Snooping............................................................................................................................................ 318

10

Contents

Fibre Channel over Ethernet.........................................................................................................................................318

Ensure Robustness in a Converged Ethernet Network.............................................................................................318

FIP Snooping on Ethernet Bridges.............................................................................................................................. 320

FIP Snooping in a Switch Stack...................................................................................................................................322

Using FIP Snooping....................................................................................................................................................... 322

FIP Snooping Prerequisites.....................................................................................................................................322

Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................322

Enabling the FCoE Transit Feature........................................................................................................................323

Enable FIP Snooping on VLANs.............................................................................................................................324

Congure the FC-MAP Value.................................................................................................................................324

Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-Bridge Link....................................................................................................... 324

Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-FCF Link...........................................................................................................324

Impact on Other Software Features..................................................................................................................... 324

FIP Snooping Restrictions...................................................................................................................................... 325

Conguring FIP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................325

Displaying FIP Snooping Information...........................................................................................................................326

FCoE Transit Conguration Example........................................................................................................................... 331

16 FIPS Cryptography...................................................................................................................................333

Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................................... 333

Preparing the System....................................................................................................................................................333

Enabling FIPS Mode...................................................................................................................................................... 334

Generating Host-Keys...................................................................................................................................................334

Monitoring FIPS Mode Status......................................................................................................................................334

Disabling FIPS Mode..................................................................................................................................................... 335

17 Force10 Resilient Ring Protocol (FRRP)................................................................................................... 336

Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................336

Ring Status............................................................................................................................................................... 337

Multiple FRRP Rings................................................................................................................................................337

Important FRRP Points...........................................................................................................................................338

Important FRRP Concepts..................................................................................................................................... 339

Implementing FRRP.......................................................................................................................................................340

FRRP Conguration...................................................................................................................................................... 340

Creating the FRRP Group.......................................................................................................................................340

Conguring the Control VLAN................................................................................................................................341

Conguring and Adding the Member VLANs.......................................................................................................342

Setting the FRRP Timers........................................................................................................................................343

Clearing the FRRP Counters..................................................................................................................................343

Viewing the FRRP Conguration...........................................................................................................................343

Viewing the FRRP Information...............................................................................................................................343

Troubleshooting FRRP.................................................................................................................................................. 344

Conguration Checks..............................................................................................................................................344

Sample Conguration and Topology............................................................................................................................344

FRRP Support on VLT...................................................................................................................................................345

Example Scenario.................................................................................................................................................... 346

Contents

11

Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................347

18 GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP)..............................................................................................348

Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................... 348

Congure GVRP............................................................................................................................................................ 349

Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................349

Enabling GVRP Globally................................................................................................................................................350

Enabling GVRP on a Layer 2 Interface........................................................................................................................350

Congure GVRP Registration...................................................................................................................................... 350

Congure a GARP Timer............................................................................................................................................... 351

RPM Redundancy...........................................................................................................................................................351

19 High Availability (HA)............................................................................................................................... 353

Component Redundancy.............................................................................................................................................. 353

Automatic and Manual Stack Unit Failover.......................................................................................................... 353

Synchronization between Management and Standby Units..............................................................................354

Forcing a Stack Unit Failover................................................................................................................................. 354

Specifying an Auto-Failover Limit..........................................................................................................................355

Disabling Auto-Reboot............................................................................................................................................ 355

Manually Synchronizing Management and Standby Units.................................................................................355

Pre-Conguring a Stack Unit Slot...............................................................................................................................355

Removing a Provisioned Logical Stack Unit............................................................................................................... 355

Hitless Behavior............................................................................................................................................................. 356

Graceful Restart............................................................................................................................................................ 356

Software Resiliency.......................................................................................................................................................356

Software Component Health Monitoring............................................................................................................. 356

System Health Monitoring......................................................................................................................................356

Failure and Event Logging.......................................................................................................................................357

Hot-Lock Behavior.........................................................................................................................................................357

20 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP).........................................................................................358

IGMP Implementation Information.............................................................................................................................. 358

IGMP Protocol Overview..............................................................................................................................................358

IGMP Version 2........................................................................................................................................................358

IGMP Version 3........................................................................................................................................................360

Congure IGMP............................................................................................................................................................. 363

Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................363

Viewing IGMP Enabled Interfaces............................................................................................................................... 364

Selecting an IGMP Version...........................................................................................................................................364

Viewing IGMP Groups...................................................................................................................................................364

Adjusting Timers............................................................................................................................................................ 365

Adjusting Query and Response Timers................................................................................................................. 365

Preventing a Host from Joining a Group.................................................................................................................... 366

Enabling IGMP Immediate-Leave................................................................................................................................ 369

IGMP Snooping..............................................................................................................................................................369

IGMP Snooping Implementation Information.......................................................................................................369

12

Contents

Conguring IGMP Snooping...................................................................................................................................369

Removing a Group-Port Association..................................................................................................................... 370

Disabling Multicast Flooding................................................................................................................................... 370

Specifying a Port as Connected to a Multicast Router....................................................................................... 371

Conguring the Switch as Querier......................................................................................................................... 371

Fast Convergence after MSTP Topology Changes................................................................................................... 372

Egress Interface Selection (EIS) for HTTP and IGMP Applications........................................................................ 372

Protocol Separation................................................................................................................................................. 372

Enabling and Disabling Management Egress Interface Selection...................................................................... 373

Handling of Management Route Conguration....................................................................................................374

Handling of Switch-Initiated Trac....................................................................................................................... 375

Handling of Switch-Destined Trac......................................................................................................................375

Handling of Transit Trac (Trac Separation).....................................................................................................376

Mapping of Management Applications and Trac Type..................................................................................... 376

Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Initiated Trac .............................................................................377

Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Destined Trac ...........................................................................378

Interworking of EIS With Various Applications..................................................................................................... 379

Designating a Multicast Router Interface................................................................................................................... 379

21 Interfaces..................................................................................................................................................381

Basic Interface Conguration........................................................................................................................................381

Advanced Interface Conguration................................................................................................................................381

Interface Types...............................................................................................................................................................382

View Basic Interface Information.................................................................................................................................382

Resetting an Interface to its Factory Default State...................................................................................................384

Enabling a Physical Interface........................................................................................................................................385

Physical Interfaces.........................................................................................................................................................385

Conguration Task List for Physical Interfaces....................................................................................................385

Overview of Layer Modes...................................................................................................................................... 385

Conguring Layer 2 (Data Link) Mode..................................................................................................................386

Conguring Layer 2 (Interface) Mode.................................................................................................................. 386

Conguring Layer 3 (Network) Mode...................................................................................................................387

Conguring Layer 3 (Interface) Mode...................................................................................................................387

Egress Interface Selection (EIS)..................................................................................................................................388

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 388

Conguring EIS........................................................................................................................................................ 388

Management Interfaces................................................................................................................................................389

Conguring Management Interfaces.................................................................................................................... 389

Conguring a Management Interface on an Ethernet Port............................................................................... 390

VLAN Interfaces............................................................................................................................................................. 391

Loopback Interfaces......................................................................................................................................................392

Null Interfaces................................................................................................................................................................ 392

Port Channel Interfaces................................................................................................................................................ 392

Port Channel Denition and Standards.................................................................................................................393

Port Channel Benets.............................................................................................................................................393

Port Channel Implementation.................................................................................................................................393

Contents

13

Interfaces in Port Channels.................................................................................................................................... 394

Conguration Tasks for Port Channel Interfaces.................................................................................................394

Creating a Port Channel..........................................................................................................................................394

Adding a Physical Interface to a Port Channel.....................................................................................................395

Reassigning an Interface to a New Port Channel................................................................................................396

Conguring the Minimum Oper Up Links in a Port Channel...............................................................................397

Adding or Removing a Port Channel from a VLAN..............................................................................................397

Assigning an IP Address to a Port Channel.......................................................................................................... 398

Deleting or Disabling a Port Channel.....................................................................................................................399

Load Balancing Through Port Channels................................................................................................................399

Changing the Hash Algorithm................................................................................................................................399

Bulk Conguration......................................................................................................................................................... 400

Interface Range....................................................................................................................................................... 400

Bulk Conguration Examples................................................................................................................................. 400

Dening Interface Range Macros................................................................................................................................ 402

Dene the Interface Range.................................................................................................................................... 402

Choosing an Interface-Range Macro.................................................................................................................... 402

Monitoring and Maintaining Interfaces....................................................................................................................... 403

Maintenance Using TDR.........................................................................................................................................404

Non Dell-Qualied Transceivers................................................................................................................................... 404

Splitting 40G Ports without Reload............................................................................................................................ 405

Splitting QSFP Ports to SFP+ Ports........................................................................................................................... 406

Converting a QSFP or QSFP+ Port to an SFP or SFP+ Port.................................................................................. 407

Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................407

Example Scenarios...................................................................................................................................................407

Link Dampening............................................................................................................................................................. 409

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 409

Enabling Link Dampening........................................................................................................................................409

Link Bundle Monitoring...................................................................................................................................................411

Using Ethernet Pause Frames for Flow Control..........................................................................................................411

Enabling Pause Frames............................................................................................................................................412

Congure the MTU Size on an Interface.....................................................................................................................412

Port-Pipes........................................................................................................................................................................413

Auto-Negotiation on Ethernet Interfaces....................................................................................................................413

Setting the Speed of Ethernet Interfaces.............................................................................................................414

Set Auto-Negotiation Options................................................................................................................................ 415

View Advanced Interface Information..........................................................................................................................416

Conguring the Interface Sampling Size............................................................................................................... 416

Conguring the Trac Sampling Size Globally........................................................................................................... 418

Dynamic Counters.......................................................................................................................................................... 419

Clearing Interface Counters.................................................................................................................................... 419

22 Internet Protocol Security (IPSec)........................................................................................................... 421

Conguring IPSec ..........................................................................................................................................................421

23 IPv4 Routing............................................................................................................................................ 423

14

Contents

IP Addresses...................................................................................................................................................................424

Implementation Information....................................................................................................................................424

Conguration Tasks for IP Addresses..........................................................................................................................424

Assigning IP Addresses to an Interface.......................................................................................................................424

Conguring Static Routes.............................................................................................................................................425

Congure Static Routes for the Management Interface.......................................................................................... 426

IPv4 Path MTU Discovery Overview...........................................................................................................................427

Using the Congured Source IP Address in ICMP Messages.................................................................................. 427

Conguring the ICMP Source Interface................................................................................................................427

Conguring the Duration to Establish a TCP Connection........................................................................................ 428

Enabling Directed Broadcast........................................................................................................................................ 428

Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................................................428

Enabling Dynamic Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................429

Specifying the Local System Domain and a List of Domains................................................................................... 429

Conguring DNS with Traceroute................................................................................................................................430

ARP................................................................................................................................................................................. 430

Conguration Tasks for ARP......................................................................................................................................... 431

Conguring Static ARP Entries.....................................................................................................................................431

Enabling Proxy ARP........................................................................................................................................................431

Clearing ARP Cache...................................................................................................................................................... 432

ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................................432

Enabling ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................432

ARP Learning via ARP Request................................................................................................................................... 432

Conguring ARP Retries...............................................................................................................................................433

ICMP............................................................................................................................................................................... 434

Conguration Tasks for ICMP...................................................................................................................................... 434

Enabling ICMP Unreachable Messages...................................................................................................................... 434

UDP Helper.....................................................................................................................................................................434

Congure UDP Helper.............................................................................................................................................434

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 435

Enabling UDP Helper.....................................................................................................................................................435

Conguring a Broadcast Address................................................................................................................................ 435

Congurations Using UDP Helper............................................................................................................................... 436

UDP Helper with Broadcast-All Addresses.................................................................................................................436

UDP Helper with Subnet Broadcast Addresses.........................................................................................................437

UDP Helper with Congured Broadcast Addresses.................................................................................................. 437

UDP Helper with No Congured Broadcast Addresses............................................................................................438

Troubleshooting UDP Helper........................................................................................................................................ 438

24 IPv6 Routing............................................................................................................................................ 439

Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................439

Extended Address Space........................................................................................................................................440

Stateless Autoconguration................................................................................................................................... 440

IPv6 Headers............................................................................................................................................................440

IPv6 Header Fields................................................................................................................................................... 441

Extension Header Fields..........................................................................................................................................443

Contents

15

Addressing................................................................................................................................................................ 444

Implementing IPv6 with Dell Networking OS.............................................................................................................445

ICMPv6...........................................................................................................................................................................446

Path MTU Discovery..................................................................................................................................................... 447

IPv6 Neighbor Discovery.............................................................................................................................................. 447

IPv6 Neighbor Discovery of MTU Packets...........................................................................................................448

Conguration Task List for IPv6 RDNSS.................................................................................................................... 448

Conguring the IPv6 Recursive DNS Server....................................................................................................... 448

Debugging IPv6 RDNSS Information Sent to the Host .....................................................................................449

Displaying IPv6 RDNSS Information......................................................................................................................450

Secure Shell (SSH) Over an IPv6 Transport..............................................................................................................450

Conguration Tasks for IPv6.........................................................................................................................................451

Adjusting Your CAM-Prole.....................................................................................................................................451

Assigning an IPv6 Address to an Interface...........................................................................................................452

Assigning a Static IPv6 Route................................................................................................................................452

Conguring Telnet with IPv6..................................................................................................................................453

SNMP over IPv6......................................................................................................................................................453

Displaying IPv6 Information....................................................................................................................................453

Displaying an IPv6 Interface Information.............................................................................................................. 454

Showing IPv6 Routes..............................................................................................................................................454

Showing the Running-Conguration for an Interface.........................................................................................456

Clearing IPv6 Routes...............................................................................................................................................456

Disabling ND Entry Timeout................................................................................................................................... 456

Conguring IPv6 RA Guard.......................................................................................................................................... 457

Conguring IPv6 RA Guard on an Interface.........................................................................................................458

Monitoring IPv6 RA Guard..................................................................................................................................... 459

25 iSCSI Optimization.................................................................................................................................. 460

iSCSI Optimization Overview.......................................................................................................................................460

Monitoring iSCSI Trac Flows...............................................................................................................................462

Application of Quality of Service to iSCSI Trac Flows..................................................................................... 462

Information Monitored in iSCSI Trac Flows.......................................................................................................462

Detection and Auto-Conguration for Dell EqualLogic Arrays........................................................................... 463

Conguring Detection and Ports for Dell Compellent Arrays.............................................................................463

Synchronizing iSCSI Sessions Learned on VLT-Lags with VLT-Peer.................................................................464

Enable and Disable iSCSI Optimization................................................................................................................. 464

Default iSCSI Optimization Values...............................................................................................................................465

iSCSI Optimization Prerequisites................................................................................................................................. 465

Conguring iSCSI Optimization................................................................................................................................... 465

Displaying iSCSI Optimization Information..................................................................................................................467

26 Intermediate System to Intermediate System.......................................................................................... 469

IS-IS Protocol Overview............................................................................................................................................... 469

IS-IS Addressing.............................................................................................................................................................469

Multi-Topology IS-IS.......................................................................................................................................................470

Transition Mode........................................................................................................................................................470

16

Contents

Interface Support......................................................................................................................................................471

Adjacencies................................................................................................................................................................471

Graceful Restart............................................................................................................................................................. 471

Timers........................................................................................................................................................................ 471

Implementation Information...........................................................................................................................................471

Conguration Information............................................................................................................................................. 472

Conguration Tasks for IS-IS..................................................................................................................................473

Conguring the Distance of a Route.....................................................................................................................480

Changing the IS-Type...............................................................................................................................................481

Redistributing IPv4 Routes.....................................................................................................................................483

Redistributing IPv6 Routes.....................................................................................................................................484

Conguring Authentication Passwords.................................................................................................................485

Setting the Overload Bit......................................................................................................................................... 485

Debugging IS-IS....................................................................................................................................................... 486

IS-IS Metric Styles.........................................................................................................................................................487

Congure Metric Values................................................................................................................................................487

Maximum Values in the Routing Table...................................................................................................................487

Change the IS-IS Metric Style in One Level Only................................................................................................ 487

Leaks from One Level to Another..........................................................................................................................489

Sample Congurations..................................................................................................................................................490

27 Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP)...............................................................................................492

Introduction to Dynamic LAGs and LACP.................................................................................................................. 492

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 492

LACP Modes............................................................................................................................................................ 493

Conguring LACP Commands............................................................................................................................... 493

LACP Conguration Tasks............................................................................................................................................ 494

Creating a LAG.........................................................................................................................................................494

Conguring the LAG Interfaces as Dynamic........................................................................................................ 494

Setting the LACP Long Timeout........................................................................................................................... 495

Monitoring and Debugging LACP..........................................................................................................................495

Shared LAG State Tracking.......................................................................................................................................... 496

Conguring Shared LAG State Tracking...............................................................................................................496

Important Points about Shared LAG State Tracking...........................................................................................498

LACP Basic Conguration Example............................................................................................................................ 498

Congure a LAG on ALPHA................................................................................................................................... 498

28 Layer 2.....................................................................................................................................................507

Manage the MAC Address Table................................................................................................................................. 507

Clearing the MAC Address Table........................................................................................................................... 507

Setting the Aging Time for Dynamic Entries........................................................................................................507

Conguring a Static MAC Address........................................................................................................................508

Displaying the MAC Address Table........................................................................................................................508

MAC Learning Limit.......................................................................................................................................................508

Setting the MAC Learning Limit............................................................................................................................ 509

mac learning-limit Dynamic.................................................................................................................................... 509

Contents

17

mac learning-limit mac-address-sticky................................................................................................................. 509

mac learning-limit station-move............................................................................................................................. 510

mac learning-limit no-station-move....................................................................................................................... 510

Learning Limit Violation Actions..............................................................................................................................510

Setting Station Move Violation Actions..................................................................................................................511

Recovering from Learning Limit and Station Move Violations.............................................................................511

NIC Teaming....................................................................................................................................................................512

Congure Redundant Pairs........................................................................................................................................... 513

Important Points about Conguring Redundant Pairs.........................................................................................515

Far-End Failure Detection..............................................................................................................................................516

FEFD State Changes................................................................................................................................................517

Conguring FEFD..................................................................................................................................................... 518

Enabling FEFD on an Interface............................................................................................................................... 518

Debugging FEFD.......................................................................................................................................................519

29 Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)......................................................................................................521

802.1AB (LLDP) Overview............................................................................................................................................ 521

Protocol Data Units..................................................................................................................................................521

Optional TLVs................................................................................................................................................................. 522

Management TLVs.................................................................................................................................................. 522

TIA-1057 (LLDP-MED) Overview................................................................................................................................ 524

TIA Organizationally Specic TLVs........................................................................................................................ 524

Congure LLDP..............................................................................................................................................................528

Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................528

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 528

LLDP Compatibility..................................................................................................................................................529

CONFIGURATION versus INTERFACE Congurations............................................................................................ 529

Enabling LLDP................................................................................................................................................................529

Disabling and Undoing LLDP..................................................................................................................................530

Enabling LLDP on Management Ports........................................................................................................................530

Disabling and Undoing LLDP on Management Ports..........................................................................................530

Advertising TLVs............................................................................................................................................................530

Viewing the LLDP Conguration................................................................................................................................. 532

Viewing Information Advertised by Adjacent LLDP Agents..................................................................................... 532

Conguring LLDPDU Intervals..................................................................................................................................... 533

Conguring LLDP Notication Interval....................................................................................................................... 534

Conguring Transmit and Receive Mode....................................................................................................................534

Conguring the Time to Live Value............................................................................................................................. 535

Debugging LLDP............................................................................................................................................................535

Relevant Management Objects....................................................................................................................................537

30 Microsoft Network Load Balancing.......................................................................................................... 542

NLB Unicast Mode Scenario........................................................................................................................................542

NLB Multicast Mode Scenario.....................................................................................................................................542

Limitations of the NLB Feature....................................................................................................................................543

Microsoft Clustering......................................................................................................................................................543

18

Contents

Enable and Disable VLAN Flooding ............................................................................................................................ 543

Conguring a Switch for NLB .....................................................................................................................................543

Enabling a Switch for Multicast NLB.................................................................................................................... 544

31 Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP)..........................................................................................545

Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................545

Anycast RP.....................................................................................................................................................................546

Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................547

Congure Multicast Source Discovery Protocol........................................................................................................ 547

Related Conguration Tasks................................................................................................................................... 547

Enable MSDP..................................................................................................................................................................551

Manage the Source-Active Cache.............................................................................................................................. 552

Viewing the Source-Active Cache.........................................................................................................................552

Limiting the Source-Active Cache.........................................................................................................................552

Clearing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................553

Enabling the Rejected Source-Active Cache....................................................................................................... 553

Accept Source-Active Messages that Fail the RFP Check..................................................................................... 553

Specifying Source-Active Messages.......................................................................................................................... 556

Limiting the Source-Active Messages from a Peer...................................................................................................557

Preventing MSDP from Caching a Local Source.......................................................................................................557

Preventing MSDP from Caching a Remote Source.................................................................................................. 558

Preventing MSDP from Advertising a Local Source................................................................................................. 558

Logging Changes in Peership States...........................................................................................................................559

Terminating a Peership..................................................................................................................................................559

Clearing Peer Statistics.................................................................................................................................................560

Debugging MSDP..........................................................................................................................................................560

MSDP with Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................ 561

Conguring Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................562

Reducing Source-Active Message Flooding.........................................................................................................563

Specifying the RP Address Used in SA Messages.............................................................................................. 563

MSDP Sample Congurations..................................................................................................................................... 565

32 Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP)................................................................................................ 568

Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................568

Spanning Tree Variations.............................................................................................................................................. 569

Implementation Information................................................................................................................................... 569

Congure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol................................................................................................................569

Related Conguration Tasks................................................................................................................................... 570

Enable Multiple Spanning Tree Globally.......................................................................................................................570

Adding and Removing Interfaces.................................................................................................................................570

Creating Multiple Spanning Tree Instances................................................................................................................. 571

Inuencing MSTP Root Selection................................................................................................................................572

Interoperate with Non-Dell Bridges............................................................................................................................. 572

Changing the Region Name or Revision..................................................................................................................... 573

Modifying Global Parameters....................................................................................................................................... 573

Modifying the Interface Parameters............................................................................................................................574

Contents

19

Conguring an EdgePort.............................................................................................................................................. 575

Flush MAC Addresses after a Topology Change........................................................................................................576

MSTP Sample Congurations...................................................................................................................................... 576

Router 1 Running-CongurationRouter 2 Running-CongurationRouter 3 Running-

CongurationSFTOS Example Running-Conguration....................................................................................... 577

Debugging and Verifying MSTP Congurations........................................................................................................ 580

33 Multicast Features................................................................................................................................... 582

Enabling IP Multicast.....................................................................................................................................................582

Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................582

Multicast Policies...........................................................................................................................................................583

IPv4 Multicast Policies............................................................................................................................................583

Understanding Multicast Traceroute (mtrace).......................................................................................................... 590

Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................591

Printing Multicast Traceroute (mtrace) Paths............................................................................................................ 591

Supported Error Codes................................................................................................................................................. 592

mtrace Scenarios...........................................................................................................................................................593

34 Object Tracking....................................................................................................................................... 599

Object Tracking Overview............................................................................................................................................ 599

Track Layer 2 Interfaces......................................................................................................................................... 600

Track Layer 3 Interfaces......................................................................................................................................... 600

Track IPv4 and IPv6 Routes....................................................................................................................................601

Set Tracking Delays................................................................................................................................................. 602

VRRP Object Tracking............................................................................................................................................ 602

Object Tracking Conguration..................................................................................................................................... 602

Tracking a Layer 2 Interface................................................................................................................................... 602

Tracking a Layer 3 Interface................................................................................................................................... 603

Track an IPv4/IPv6 Route......................................................................................................................................605

Displaying Tracked Objects...........................................................................................................................................608

35 Open Shortest Path First (OSPFv2 and OSPFv3).................................................................................... 610

Protocol Overview..........................................................................................................................................................610

Autonomous System (AS) Areas............................................................................................................................ 610

Area Types..................................................................................................................................................................611

Networks and Neighbors.........................................................................................................................................612

Router Types............................................................................................................................................................. 612

Designated and Backup Designated Routers........................................................................................................614

Link-State Advertisements (LSAs).........................................................................................................................614

Router Priority and Cost..........................................................................................................................................615

OSPF with Dell Networking OS....................................................................................................................................616

Graceful Restart....................................................................................................................................................... 617

Fast Convergence (OSPFv2, IPv4 Only)...............................................................................................................618

Multi-Process OSPFv2 with VRF...........................................................................................................................618

OSPF ACK Packing..................................................................................................................................................618

Setting OSPF Adjacency with Cisco Routers.......................................................................................................618

20

Contents

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