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¢ËÏÒÓÔ˘Ì Ì ·ÔÎÏÂÈÛÙÈ΋ Ì·˜ ¢ı‡ÓË, fiÙÈ
·˘Ùfi ÙÔ
MMH-600
ÏËÚÔ› Ù· ·Ú·Î¿Ùˆ ÚfiÙ˘· ‹ Ù· ¤ÁÁÚ·Ê·
ÚÔÙ‡ˆÓ:
EN61010-1, IEC61010-031
EN55022, EN61000-4-2, EN61000-4-3
™‡Ìʈӷ Ì ÙȘ Ô‰ËÁ›Â˜:
73/23/∂EC, 89/336/∂EC
01-10-2006
ZWOLLE NL
J.A. Bakker - van Ingen
CEO Ferm BV
J. Lodewijk
Quality Manager Ferm
Global
¢Â‰Ô̤ÓÔ˘ fiÙÈ Ë ‰È·Ú΋˜ ‚ÂÏÙ›ˆÛË ÙˆÓ
ÚÔ˚fiÓÙˆÓ Ì·˜ ·ÔÙÂÏ› ÔÏÈÙÈ΋ Ù˘ ÂÙ·ÈÚ›·˜
Ì·˜, ÂÈÊ˘Ï·ÛÛfiÌÂı· ÙÔ˘ ‰ÈηÈÒÌ·ÙÔ˜ Ó·
ÙÚÔÔÔÈԇ̠ÙȘ ÚԉȷÁڷʤ˜ ÙÔ˘ ÚÔ˚fiÓÙÔ˜
¯ˆÚ›˜ ÚÔËÁÔ‡ÌÂÓË ÂȉÔÔ›ËÛË.
Ferm BV ñ Lingenstraat 6 ñ 8028 PM Zwolle
√ÏÏ·Ó‰›·
CE
ı
¢∏§ø™∏ ™Àªª√ƒºø™∏™
(
GR
)
82 Ferm
The following icons appear on this device:
Risk of damaging material and/or physical
injuries
In accordance with essential applicable
safety standards of European directives.
Class II machine – double insulation
Fuse 200 mA / 250 V
It points to risk of injury, life hazard and
possible damage to the device, if the
instructions in this operating manual are
not followed.
1. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
Product: Ferm Digital Multimeter
Type MMH-600 - Item. No. MMM1007
Ferm B.V, Zwolle, Netherlands
- 3,5-digit LCD display (max. display: 1999);
- Operating temperature: 0.....40 °C (relative
humidity <75 %);
- Display frequency: 2-3 /seconds
- Maximum "In-phase voltage": 600V DC.
- Storage temperature: -10.....+50 °C
The multimeter is operated with a 9V battery of the
6F22 type or alternatively: 6R61 / 6LR61 6LF22. If
the battery is flat, the display shows " ".
Calibration: Tolerances are guaranteed for a period
of one year at 18 °C - 28 °C and relative humidity of
<80 %.
PLEASE READ THROUGH THESE OPERATING
INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY!
2. MAKE YOURSELF FAMILIAR WITH
THE PRODUCT
Please read the operating instructions carefully
before putting the multimeter into service and in
particular, observe the safety stipulations. Service
the multimeter conforming to the instructions, so
that it will run smoothly. Use the multimeter only
when you are familiar with the operation of the
device. Preserve these operating instructions and
other records pertaining to the device carefully.
3. GENERAL SAFETY RULES
Great attention has been paid to the safety aspect in
designing this device.
Any change or extension in the device can
compromise the safety. This would even render the
warranty void and ineffective.
• Ensure order at the workplace.
- A disorderly workplace can cause accidents.
- Ensure sufficient illumination at the
workplace.
• Pay attention to the environmental factors.
• Do not use the multimeter in humid or wet
surroundings. Protect the multimeter from rain
and humidity.
• Keep children away from it.
• Keep other persons away from the work area
and ensure that they do not touch the
multimeter.
• Store the device in a safe place. Multimeters,
which are not used for a while, must be stored in
a dry room.
• Do not overload the multimeter. Work within the
indicated working range: this is better and safer.
Damages caused by overloading do not fall
within the purview of the guarantee.
• Do not use the instrument leads improperly. Do
not carry the device suspended by the
instrument leads and do not pull the plug from
the multimeter by the instrument leads; always
pull on the plug itself.
• Service the multimeter with care.
• Keep the multimeter clean. This facilitates work
and augments the safety. See that the
multimeter does not come in contact with
humidity, oil or fat.
• Pull the plugs out of the instrument leads from
the multimeter, when the multimeter is not in
use.
• Check if the device is damaged.
• Before using the device, recheck whether the
device and instrument leads are in proper
condition and function correctly.
4. SPECIAL SAFETY RULES
1. WARNING!Measuring high voltages and
currents poses a life hazard. Never touch
exposed metallic parts of the instrument leads.
2. The multimeter is sensitive. Protect it from
vibrations and do not let it fall down.
3. If the multimeter is not going to be used for a
time, please switch it OFF to save on batteries.
4. If the multimeter is not gong to be used for a long
period, remove the battery in order to avoid
spilling.
5. Do not subject the device to high humidity or high
temperatures.
6. Keep the multimeter away from strong magnetic
fields.
7. Remove the instrument leads immediately if you
smell burnt cable insulation.
8. Use the multimeter only if the housing is closed.
9. Use the multimeter only for measurements of
the class I or II.
Do not use the multimeter for measurements in
the class III or IV.
- +
Ferm 03
3. ∞Ó Ë ·ÓÙ›ÛÙ·ÛË Ô˘ ÚfiÎÂÈÙ·È Ó· ÌÂÙÚËı› ›ӷÈ
Û˘Ó‰Â‰Â̤ÓË Û ·Îψ̷, ı· Ú¤ÂÈ Ó·
‰È·Îfi„ÂÙ ÙËÓ Ù¿ÛË Î·È Ó· ÊÚÔÓÙ›ÛÂÙ ÒÛÙ ӷ
ÂÎÊÔÚÙˆıÔ‡Ó fiÏÔÈ ÔÈ ˘ÎÓˆÙ¤˜ ÚÈÓ ·Ú¯›ÛÂÙÂ
ÙË Ì¤ÙÚËÛË.
10.5 ª¤ÙÚËÛË ‰Èfi‰ˆÓ (Ù¿ÛË Î·Ù¿ÛÙ·Û˘
·ÁˆÁ‹˜)
1. ™˘Ó‰¤ÛÙ ÙÔ ª∞Àƒ√ ηÏÒ‰ÈÔ ÛÙËÓ ˘Ô‰Ô¯‹
“COM” Î·È ÙÔ ∫√∫∫π¡√ ηÏÒ‰ÈÔ ÛÙËÓ
˘Ô‰Ô¯‹ “V mA”. (Àfi‰ÂÈÍË: ∏ ÔÏÈÎfiÙËÙ· ÙÔ˘
ÎfiÎÎÈÓÔ˘ ηψ‰›Ô˘ Â›Ó·È “+”.)
2. ƒ˘ıÌ›ÛÙ ÙÔÓ ‰È·ÎfiÙË FUNCTION ÛÙËÓ
ÂÚÈÔ¯‹ Î·È Û˘Ó‰¤ÛÙ ÙȘ ·Î›‰Â˜ ̤ÙÚËÛ˘
ÛÙË ‰›Ô‰Ô Ô˘ ı¤ÏÂÙ ӷ ÌÂÙÚ‹ÛÂÙÂ. ∫·Ù¿ ÙË
̤ÙÚËÛË ‰Èfi‰ˆÓ ‹ ÙÚ·Ó˙›ÛÙÔÚ, Ë ÔÏÈÎfiÙËÙ·
ÙˆÓ ·Î›‰ˆÓ ̤ÙÚËÛ˘ ηıÔÚ›˙ÂÈ ·Ó ÌÂÙÚÈ¤Ù·È Ë
ÂÌÚfiÛıÈ· ηÙ‡ı˘ÓÛË ‹ Ë Î·Ù‡ı˘ÓÛË
·ÔÎÏÂÈÛÌÔ‡. ∏ ÙÈÌ‹ Ô˘ Ê·›ÓÂÙ·È ÛÙËÓ ÔıfiÓË
Â›Ó·È Ë ÙÒÛË Ù¿Û˘ ÛÙËÓ Î·Ù¿ÛÙ·ÛË ·ÁˆÁ‹˜.
- ∏ ÈÛ¯‡˜ ·ÂÌÏÔ΋˜ Â›Ó·È 0.8 mA.
- ∞Ó ÔÈ ·Î›‰Â˜ ̤ÙÚËÛ˘ ‰ÂÓ Â›Ó·È Û˘Ó‰Â‰Â̤Ó˜
(ÛˆÛÙ¿) ÛÙË ‰›Ô‰Ô, .¯. ÚÔ˜ ÙËÓ Î·Ù‡ı˘ÓÛË
·ÔÎÏÂÈÛÌÔ‡, Ë ÔıfiÓË ı· ‰Â›¯ÓÂÈ ÙÔÓ ·ÚÈıÌfi 1.
10.6 ª¤ÙÚËÛË ÙÚ·Ó˙›ÛÙÔÚ hFE
1. ∞Ê·ÈÚ¤ÛÙ ÙÔ Î·ÏÒ‰ÈÔ Ì¤ÙÚËÛ˘.
2. µ¿ÏÙ ÙÔÓ ‰È·ÎfiÙË ÛÙË Ú‡ıÌÈÛË hFE.
3. ∂ϤÁÍÙ ·Ó ÙÔ Û˘ÁÎÂÎÚÈ̤ÓÔ ÙÚ·Ó˙›ÛÙÔÚ Â›Ó·È
Ù‡Ô˘ NPN ‹ PNP Î·È Û˘Ó‰¤ÛÙ ÙÔ Î·ÏÒ‰ÈÔ
ÙÔ˘ ÂÎÔÌÔ‡ (e), Ù˘ ‚¿Û˘ (b) Î·È ÙÔ˘
Û˘ÏϤÎÙË (c ) ÛÙËÓ Î·Ù¿ÏÏËÏË ˘Ô‰Ô¯‹ ÛÙÔÓ
›Ó·Î· Ô˘ ‚Ú›ÛÎÂÙ·È ÛÙÔ ÂÌÚfi˜ ̤ÚÔ˜.
4. ∏ ÔıfiÓË ‰Â›¯ÓÂÈ (ηٿ ÚÔÛ¤ÁÁÈÛË) ÙËÓ ÙÈÌ‹
hFE ÁÈ· ¤Ó· ‚·ÛÈÎfi Ú‡̷ 10 mA, V CE 2.8 V.
11. ™À¡∆∏ƒ∏™∏
¶ƒ√™√Ã∏
ñ £· Ú¤ÂÈ ¿ÓÙÔÙ ӷ ‚Á¿˙ÂÙ ÙËÓ Ì·Ù·Ú›·
ÚÈÓ ·fi ÙË Û˘ÓÙ‹ÚËÛË Î·È ÙÔÓ Î·ı·ÚÈÛÌfi ÙÔ˘
ÔÏ˘Ì¤ÙÚÔ˘. ªË ¯ÚËÛÈÌÔÔț٠ÔÙ¤ ÓÂÚfi ‹
¿ÏÏ· ˘ÁÚ¿ ÁÈ· ÙÔÓ Î·ı·ÚÈÛÌfi Ù˘ Û˘Û΢‹˜.
ñ ¢È·ÙËÚ›Ù ٷ ηÏ҉ȷ ̤ÙÚËÛ˘ Î·È ÙÔ
ÔχÌÂÙÚÔ Î·ı·Ú¿. √ÚÈṲ̂ӷ ̤۷
ηı·ÚÈÛÌÔ‡ ‹ ‰È·Ï‡Ù˜ (ÂÙڤϷÈÔ, ·Ú·ÈˆÙÈο
Î.Ï.) ÌÔÚ› Ó· ÚÔÛ‚¿ÏÔ˘Ó ‹ Ó· ‰È·Ï‡ÛÔ˘Ó
Ù· Ï·ÛÙÈο ̤ÚË. ∞˘Ù¿ Ù· ÚÔ˚fiÓÙ·
ÂÚȤ¯Ô˘Ó ‚ÂÓ˙fiÏÈÔ, ÙÚȯψÚÔ·Èı¿ÓÈÔ,
¯ÏÒÚÈÔ, ˘ÁÚ‹ ·Ì̈ӛ· Î.Ï.
ñ ∫·ı·Ú›˙ÂÙ ٷÎÙÈο ÙÔ ÂÚ›‚ÏËÌ· Ì ¤Ó·
Ì·Ï·Îfi ·Ó›, ηٿ ÚÔÙ›ÌËÛË ÌÂÙ¿ ·fi οıÂ
¯Ú‹ÛË.
ñ ∞Ê·ÈÚ¤ÛÙ ÙȘ ›ÌÔÓ˜ ‚ÚÔÌȤ˜ Ì ¤Ó· ˘ÁÚfi
·Ó›. ªË ¯ÚËÛÈÌÔÔț٠‰È·Ï‡Ù˜ fiˆ˜
ÂÙڤϷÈÔ, ÔÈÓfiÓÂ˘Ì·, ‰È¿Ï˘Ì· ·Ì̈ӛ·˜
Î.Ï. ∞˘Ù¿ Ù· ˘ÁÚ¿ ÚÔηÏÔ‡Ó ˙ËÌÈ¿ ÛÙ·
Ï·ÛÙÈο ̤ÚË Ù˘ Û˘Û΢‹˜.
12. ¶ƒ√µ§∏ª∞∆∞
∞Ó ÙÔ ÔχÌÂÙÚÔ ‰ÂÓ ÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁ› ÛˆÛÙ¿, ÔÈ ·Èٛ˜
ÌÔÚ› Ó· Â›Ó·È ÔÈ ÂÍ‹˜:
1. ∆Ô ÔχÌÂÙÚÔ ‰ÂÓ ‰Â›¯ÓÂÈ Ù›ÔÙ· ÛÙËÓ ÔıfiÓË.
ñ ∏ Ì·Ù·Ú›· Â›Ó·È ¿‰ÂÈ·.
- ∞ÓÙÈηٷÛÙ‹ÛÙ ÙËÓ Ì·Ù·Ú›·.
ñ ∆Ô Ú‡̷ ‹ Ë Ù¿ÛË Ô˘ ÌÂÙÚ‹ıËΠ‹Ù·Ó
˘ÂÚ‚ÔÏÈο ˘„ËÏ‹, Ì ·ÔÙ¤ÏÂÛÌ· ÙÔ
ÔχÌÂÙÚÔ Ó· ˘ÔÛÙ› ‚Ï¿‚Ë, ·Ú¿ ÙȘ
‰È·Ù¿ÍÂȘ ·ÛÊ·Ï›·˜.
- ™Â ÂÚ›ÙˆÛË ÚÔ‚Ï‹Ì·ÙÔ˜,
ÂÈÎÔÈÓˆÓ‹ÛÙ Ì ÙÔ ÙÔÈÎfi ΤÓÙÚÔ
Ù¯ÓÈ΋˜ ˘ÔÛÙ‹ÚÈ͢.
2. ∆Ô ÔχÌÂÙÚÔ ‰ÂÓ ‰Â›¯ÓÂÈ Î·Ì›· ÌÂÙÚÔ‡ÌÂÓË
ÙÈÌ‹.
ñ Œ¯ÂÈ Î·Â› Ë ·ÛÊ¿ÏÂÈ·.
- ∞ÓÙÈηٷÛÙ‹ÛÙ ÙËÓ ·ÛÊ¿ÏÂÈ·.
ñ ŒÓ· ‹ ÂÚÈÛÛfiÙÂÚ· ·fi Ù· ηÏ҉ȷ ›ӷÈ
ÂÏ·Ùو̷ÙÈο.
- ∞ÓÙÈηٷÛÙ‹ÛÙ ٷ ηÏ҉ȷ ̤ÙÚËÛ˘.
ñ ∆Ô Ú‡̷ ‹ Ë Ù¿ÛË Ô˘ ÌÂÙÚ‹ıËΠ‹Ù·Ó
˘ÂÚ‚ÔÏÈο ˘„ËÏ‹, Ì ·ÔÙ¤ÏÂÛÌ· ÙÔ
ÔχÌÂÙÚÔ Ó· ˘ÔÛÙ› ‚Ï¿‚Ë, ·Ú¿ ÙȘ
‰È·Ù¿ÍÂȘ ·ÛÊ·Ï›·˜.
- ™Â ÂÚ›ÙˆÛË ÚÔ‚Ï‹Ì·ÙÔ˜,
ÂÈÎÔÈÓˆÓ‹ÛÙ Ì ÙÔ ÙÔÈÎfi ΤÓÙÚÔ
Ù¯ÓÈ΋˜ ˘ÔÛÙ‹ÚÈ͢.
∞¡∆π∫∞∆∞™∆∞™∏ ∆∏™ ∞™º∞§∂π∞™
1. µ¿ÏÙ ÙÔÓ ‰È·ÎfiÙË ÛÙË Ú‡ıÌÈÛË OFF.
2. ∞Ê·ÈÚ¤ÛÙ ÙÔ ›Ûˆ Î¿Ï˘ÌÌ· ÙÔ˘ ÔÏ˘Ì¤ÙÚÔ˘
Í‚ȉÒÓÔÓÙ·˜ ÙȘ ‚›‰Â˜.
¶ƒ√™√Ã∏! ∏ Û˘Û΢‹ ı· Ú¤ÂÈ Ó·
ÙÂı› ÂÎÙfi˜ ÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁ›·˜ Î·È Ù· ηÏ҉ȷ
ı· Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· ·Ê·ÈÚÂıÔ‡Ó ÚÈÓ ·ÓÔ›ÍÂÙÂ
ÙÔ ÂÚ›‚ÏËÌ· ÙÔ˘ ÔÏ˘Ì¤ÙÚÔ˘.
3. ∞Ê·ÈÚ¤ÛÙ ÙËÓ ÂÏ·Ùو̷ÙÈ΋ ·ÛÊ¿ÏÂÈ· ηÈ
·ÓÙÈηٷÛÙ‹ÛÙ ÙËÓ Ì ÌÈ· ·ÛÊ¿ÏÂÈ· Ù˘ ›‰È·˜
ÈÛ¯‡Ô˜ Î·È Ì ÙȘ ›‰È˜ ȉÈfiÙËÙ˜ ‰È·ÎÔ‹˜ (250
V~ F200mAL).
13. §§∞°∏ ∆∏™ ª¶∞∆∞ƒπ∞™
1. ∆Ô Û‡Ì‚ÔÏÔ Ù˘ Ì·Ù·Ú›·˜ ı· ÂÌÊ·ÓÈÛÙ› ÛÙËÓ
ÔıfiÓË fiÙ·Ó Ë Ì·Ù·Ú›· Â›Ó·È Û¯Â‰fiÓ ¿‰ÂÈ·.
2. µ¿ÏÙ ÙÔ ÂÚÈÛÙÚÔÊÈÎfi ÎÔ˘Ì› ÛÙË Ú‡ıÌÈÛË
OFF.
3. ∞Ê·ÈÚ¤ÛÙ ÙÔ ›Ûˆ Î¿Ï˘ÌÌ· ÙÔ˘ ÔÏ˘Ì¤ÙÚÔ˘
Í‚ȉÒÓÔÓÙ·˜ ÙȘ ‚›‰Â˜.
¶ƒ√™√Ã∏! ∏ Û˘Û΢‹ ı· Ú¤ÂÈ Ó·
ÙÂı› ÂÎÙfi˜ ÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁ›·˜ Î·È Ù· ηÏ҉ȷ
ı· Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· ·Ê·ÈÚÂıÔ‡Ó ÚÈÓ ·ÓÔ›ÍÂÙÂ
ÙÔ ÂÚ›‚ÏËÌ· ÙÔ˘ ÔÏ˘Ì¤ÙÚÔ˘.
4. ∞ÓÙÈηٷÛÙ‹ÛÙ ÙËÓ Ì·Ù·Ú›· 9 Volt Ì ÌÈ·
ηÈÓÔ‡ÚÁÈ· Ì·Ù·Ú›· Ù‡Ô˘ 6F22, ‹,
ÂÓ·ÏÏ·ÎÙÈο: 6R61 / 6LR61 / 6LF22.
Ferm 81
5. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
Raw material recovery is better than garbage
disposal. To avoid damages in transport, the device
must be delivered in solid packing made mostly
from recyclable material such as paper, pulp and
wood. We therefore recommend that you recycle
the packing as far as possible.
The multimeter is operated on batteries.
Dispose of spent batteries as stipulated.
For instructions on replacing batteries, refer to
chapter 13 "Changing batteries".
6. AFTER SALES SERVICE
Please retain the original packing. If the device
needs to be transported again, the risk of damage
during transport is minimised if you use the original
packing. If a warranty claim is made, the device
must be sent in as securely packed as possible,
preferably in the original packing. All Ferm products
undergo exhaustive testing before they leave the
factory. Should however a defect be detected in
your device, please contact at your Service address
first.
7. BEFORE PUTTING IN SERVICE
1. In case the voltage and/or the current to be
measured is/are unknown, set the rotary knob
on the largest measuring range. If the accuracy
on the rotary knob is insufficient, set on a lower
range and so on.
2. If the device is not going to be used temporarily,
put the rotary knob in the OFF position.
3. The switching of the multimeter is different for
measuring voltage and for measuring current.
Parallel connection in voltage measurement
and series connection in current measurement.
In the latter case, a conductor in the power circuit
to be measured must be interrupted.
4. Never connect a power source or voltage to the
multimeter, if the FUNCTION switch is in the or
position.
5. Never connect a voltage higher than 600 V DC or
600 V to the measuring device.
8. BRIEF SYNOPSIS FOR
MEASUREMENTS
The multimeter is suitable for measuring:
• Direct voltage (VDC, voltage of accumulator or
battery, for example)
• Direct current (ADC)
• Alternating voltage (VAC, voltage of the mains
input of a device, for example)
• Resistance ( , Ohm)
• Diodes and hFE transistor measurement
A measurement object can be under voltage.
To measure it, connect the multimeter in parallel.
If the current strength is to be measured, include the
multimeter in the circuit (series connection). The
power circuit for measuring the current must
necessarily be isolated, because the current has to
flow through the multimeter.
You must not switch the multimeter on Current
measurement, for example, if you are measuring
the voltage. You could damage the multimeter
beyond repair by causing a short circuit in this case.
9. OPERATION (REFER TO FIGURE 1).
A. 3,5-digit LCD display (max. display: 1999.
Display of decimal point, polarity, overload and
discharged battery indication.
B. FUNCTION switch: Rotary switch for the range
to be set
C. hFE-transistor measuring
D. 10 A. Positive connection for current
measurements over 200 mA up to a maximum
value of 10 A.
E. COM. Negative connection.
F. V mA. Positive connection for voltage and
resistance measurements. Up to 200 mA.
G. Hold button
When this button is pushed, the display will keep
the last reading and "H" symbol will appear on
the LCD until pushing it again.
10. MEASUREMENTS
10.1 Measuring direct voltage (V DC)
1. Connect the BLACK lead to the "COM"
connector socket and the RED lead to the
"V mA" connector socket.
2. Set the FUNCTION switch on the desired "V"
setting and connect the leads to the voltage
source to be measured or measuring points.
Observe correct polarity (red is + and black is -),
otherwise the display shows a minus sign before
the value.
3. Read off the measured value in Volt.
RANGE ACCURACY RES.
Input resistance 10 M
Overload protection DC 600 V or AC 600 V Effective
value
(outside 200-mV-range with highest value of 250 V
Effective value).
± 0,5% of rdg ± 2 digit
± 0,8% of rdg ± 2 digit
200mV
2000mV
20V
200V
600V
100µV
1mV
10mV
100mV
1V
04 Ferm
¶∂ƒπ√Ã∏ ∞∫ƒπµ∂π∞ ∞¡∞.
∞ÓÙ›ÛÙ·ÛË ÂÈÛfi‰Ô˘ 10 M
¶ÂÚÈÔ¯‹ Û˘¯ÓfiÙËÙ·˜ 40.....400 Hz.
¶ÚÔÛÙ·Û›· ˘ÂÚÊfiÚÙÈÛ˘: ÂÓÂÚÁfi˜ ÙÈÌ‹ AC 600 V
‹ ̤ÁÈÛÙË ÙÈÌ‹ DC 600 V (Û˘Ó¯Ҙ Û fiϘ ÙȘ
ÂÚÈÔ¯¤˜).
ŒÓ‰ÂÈÍË: ¢ÈÔÚıˆÌ¤ÓË Ì¤ÛË ÙÈÌ‹ ·ÓÙÈÛÙÔȯ› ÛÙËÓ
ÂÓÂÚÁfi ÙÈÌ‹ ËÌÈÙÔÓÔÂȉԇ˜ Û¯‹Ì·ÙÔ˜.)
À¶√¢∂π•∏:
1. ∞Ó ‰ÂÓ ÁÓˆÚ›˙ÂÙ ÙËÓ ÂÚÈÔ¯‹ Ù¿Û˘, ı·
Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· ‚¿ÏÂÙ ÙÔÓ ‰È·ÎfiÙË FUNCTION
ÛÙËÓ ·ÓÒÙ·ÙË ÂÚÈÔ¯‹ ̤ÙÚËÛ˘ Î·È Ó·
ÌÂÈÒÛÂÙ ÛÙ·‰È·Î¿ ÙËÓ ÂÚÈÔ¯‹, ·Ó ¯ÚÂÈ·ÛÙ›.
2. ∞Ó ÂÌÊ·ÓÈÛÙ› Ë ¤Ó‰ÂÈÍË “1” ÛÙËÓ ÔıfiÓË, Ë
ÌÂÙÚÔ‡ÌÂÓË ÙÈÌ‹ ‚Ú›ÛÎÂÙ·È ÂÎÙfi˜ Ù˘
Ú˘ıÌÈṲ̂Ó˘ ÂÚÈÔ¯‹˜. √ ‰È·ÎfiÙ˘
FUNCTION ı· Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· Ú˘ıÌÈÛÙ› ÛÂ
˘„ËÏfiÙÂÚË ÂÚÈÔ¯‹.
3. ∏ ̤ÁÈÛÙË Ù¿ÛË ÂÈÛfi‰Ô˘ Â›Ó·È 600 V DC,
ÂÓÂÚÁfi˜ ÙÈÌ‹. ∏ ̤ÙÚËÛË ˘„ËÏfiÙÂÚˆÓ Ù¿ÛˆÓ
‰ÂÓ Â›Ó·È ‰˘Ó·Ù‹.
4. ¶ÚÔÛ¤¯ÂÙ ¿Ú· Ôχ fiÙ·Ó ÌÂÙÚ¿Ù ˘„ËϤ˜
Ù¿ÛÂȘ.
10.3 ª¤ÙÚËÛË Û˘Ó¯ԇ˜ Ú‡̷ÙÔ˜ (ADC)
1. ™˘Ó‰¤ÛÙ ÙÔ ª∞Àƒ√ ηÏÒ‰ÈÔ ÛÙËÓ ˘Ô‰Ô¯‹
COM. ™˘Ó‰¤ÛÙ ÙÔ ∫√∫∫π¡√ ηÏÒ‰ÈÔ ÛÙËÓ
˘Ô‰Ô¯‹ “V mA”.°È· ÌÂÁ¤ıË ÌÂٷ͇ 200mA ηÈ
10A, ·Ê·ÈÚ¤Û·ÙÂ ÙËÓ ∫√∫∫π¡∏ ÎÂÊ·Ï‹ ÛÙËÓ
«10A» Ú›˙· ·ÚÔ¯‹˜.
2. µ¿ÏÙ ÙÔÓ ‰È·ÎfiÙË FUNCTION ÛÙËÓ
ÂÈı˘ÌËÙ‹ Ú‡ıÌÈÛË “A” Î·È Û˘Ó‰¤ÛÙ ٷ
ηÏ҉ȷ Û ÛÂÈÚ¿ Ì ÙÔ Î‡Îψ̷ Ô˘ ı¤ÏÂÙ ӷ
ÌÂÙÚ‹ÛÂÙÂ. ¶ÚÔÛ¤ÍÙ ÙË ÛˆÛÙ‹ ÔÏÈÎfiÙËÙ·
(ÎfiÎÎÈÓÔ Â›Ó·È + Î·È Ì·‡ÚÔ Â›Ó·È -), ‰È·ÊÔÚÂÙÈο
Ë ÔıfiÓË ı· ‰Â›¯ÓÂÈ ÙÔ Û‡Ì‚ÔÏÔ ÏËÓ (-) ÚÈÓ
·fi ÙËÓ ÙÈÌ‹. ∏ Ù¯ÓÈ΋ ηÙ‡ı˘ÓÛË Ú‡̷ÙÔ˜
ÙÔ˘ ∫√∫∫π¡√À ηψ‰›Ô˘ ÚÔ˜ ÙÔ ª∞Àƒ√
ηÏÒ‰ÈÔ ÂÌÊ·Ó›˙ÂÙ·È Ù·˘Ùfi¯ÚÔÓ· Ì ÙËÓ ÈÛ¯‡
ÙÔ˘ Ú‡̷ÙÔ˜.
3. ¢È·‚¿ÛÙ ÙËÓ ÙÈÌ‹ Û (milli-) Ampere.
¶∂ƒπ√Ã∏ ∞∫ƒπµ∂π∞ ∞¡∞.
∞ÛÊ¿ÏÂÈ· ˘ÂÚÊfiÚÙÈÛ˘: ·ÛÊ¿ÏÂÈ· 0.2 A/250-V, Ë
ÂÚÈÔ¯‹ 10 A ‰ÂÓ ÚÔÛٷهÂÙ·È.
À¶√¢∂π•∏:
1. ∞Ó ‰ÂÓ ÁÓˆÚ›˙ÂÙ ÙËÓ ÂÚÈÔ¯‹ Ú‡̷ÙÔ˜, ı·
Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· ‚¿ÏÂÙ ÙÔÓ ‰È·ÎfiÙË FUNCTION
ÛÙËÓ ·ÓÒÙ·ÙË ÂÚÈÔ¯‹ ̤ÙÚËÛ˘ Î·È Ó·
ÌÂÈÒÛÂÙ ÛÙ·‰È·Î¿ ÙËÓ ÂÚÈÔ¯‹ ̤ÙÚËÛ˘, ·Ó
¯ÚÂÈ·ÛÙ›.
2. ∞Ó ÂÌÊ·ÓÈÛÙ› Ë ¤Ó‰ÂÈÍË “1” ÛÙËÓ ÔıfiÓË, Ë
ÌÂÙÚÔ‡ÌÂÓË ÙÈÌ‹ ‚Ú›ÛÎÂÙ·È ÂÎÙfi˜ Ù˘
Ú˘ıÌÈṲ̂Ó˘ ÂÚÈÔ¯‹˜ ̤ÙÚËÛ˘. √
‰È·ÎfiÙ˘ FUNCTION ı· Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· Ú˘ıÌÈÛÙ›
Û ˘„ËÏfiÙÂÚË ÂÚÈÔ¯‹ ̤ÙÚËÛ˘.
3. ∏ ÂÚÈÔ¯‹ 10A ‰ÂÓ ÚÔÛٷهÂÙ·È ÌÂ
·ÛÊ¿ÏÂÈ·. °È· ÙÔÓ ÏfiÁÔ ·˘Ùfi, ÌËÓ
Ú·ÁÌ·ÙÔÔț٠̤ÙÚËÛË ÁÈ· ÂÚÈÛÛfiÙÂÚ·
·fi 10 ‰Â˘ÙÂÚfiÏÂÙ·.
10.4 ª¤ÙÚËÛË Ù˘ ·ÓÙ›ÛÙ·Û˘ ( Ohm)
1. ™˘Ó‰¤ÛÙ ÙÔ ª∞Àƒ√ ηÏÒ‰ÈÔ ÛÙËÓ ˘Ô‰Ô¯‹
“COM” Î·È ÙÔ ∫√∫∫π¡√ ηÏÒ‰ÈÔ ÛÙËÓ
˘Ô‰Ô¯‹ “V mA”. (Àfi‰ÂÈÍË: ∏ ÔÏÈÎfiÙËÙ· ÙÔ˘
ÎfiÎÎÈÓÔ˘ ηψ‰›Ô˘ Â›Ó·È “+”.)
2. ƒ˘ıÌ›ÛÙ ÙÔÓ ‰È·ÎfiÙË FUNCTION ÛÙËÓ
ÂÈı˘ÌËÙ‹ ÂÚÈÔ¯‹ ̤ÙÚËÛ˘ “ ”.
¶∂ƒπ√Ã∏ ∞∫ƒπµ∂π∞ ∞¡∞.
∞ÛÊ¿ÏÂÈ· ˘ÂÚÊfiÚÙÈÛ˘: ÂÓÂÚÁfi˜ ÙÈÌ‹ 250 V DC
‹ AC, ÁÈ· ÙÔ Ôχ 15 ‰Â˘ÙÂÚfiÏÂÙ·
3. ™˘Ó‰¤ÛÙ ÙȘ ·Î›‰Â˜ ̤ÙÚËÛ˘ ÛÙÔ ÛÙÔȯ›Ô
Ô˘ ı¤ÏÂÙ ӷ ÌÂÙÚ‹ÛÂÙÂ. µÂ‚·Èˆı›Ù fiÙÈ ÙÔ
ÛÙÔÈ¯Â›Ô ‰ÂÓ Â›Ó·È Û˘Ó‰Â‰Â̤ÓÔ Ì ٷ ¿ÏÏ·
ÛÙÔȯ›·. ªËÓ ·ÁÁ›˙ÂÙ ÙȘ ·Î›‰Â˜ ̤ÙÚËÛ˘ ÁÈ·
Ó· ÌËÓ ÂËÚ¿ÛÂÙ ÙȘ ÙÈ̤˜ Ù˘ ·ÓÙ›ÛÙ·Û˘.
4. ¢È·‚¿ÛÙ ÙË ÌÂÙÚÔ‡ÌÂÓË ÙÈÌ‹ Û (Ohm).
5. ∫·Ù¿ ÙË Ì¤ÙÚËÛË ·ÓÙÈÛÙ¿ÛÂˆÓ Î·Ù·Ó·ÏÒÓÂÙ·È
Ú‡̷ ·fi ÙËÓ ÂÛˆÙÂÚÈ΋ Ì·Ù·Ú›·. ∏
ηٷӿψÛË Ú‡̷ÙÔ˜ ı· ÔÈΛÏÏÂÈ ·Ó¿ÏÔÁ·
Ì ÙËÓ ÂÈÏÂÁ̤ÓË ÂÚÈÔ¯‹ ÌÂÙÚ‹ÛˆÓ.
À¶√¢∂π•∏:
1. ∞Ó Ë ÌÂÙÚÔ‡ÌÂÓË ÙÈÌ‹ ÍÂÂÚÓ¿ ÙËÓ ·ÓÒÙ·ÙË
ÙÈÌ‹ Ù˘ ÂÈÏÂÁ̤Ó˘ ÂÚÈÔ¯‹˜ ÌÂÙÚ‹ÛˆÓ, Ë
ÔıfiÓË ı· ‰Â›ÍÂÈ “1”. ∂ÈϤÍÙ ÌÈ· ˘„ËÏfiÙÂÚË
ÂÚÈÔ¯‹ ÌÂÙÚ‹ÛˆÓ. ∞Ó Ë ·ÓÙ›ÛÙ·ÛË Â›Ó·È
ÂÚ›Ô˘ 1 ª ‹ ˘„ËÏfiÙÂÚË, Ë Û˘Û΢‹
̤ÙÚËÛ˘ ÂÓ‰¤¯ÂÙ·È Ó· ¯ÚÂÈ·ÛÙ› Ï›Á·
‰Â˘ÙÂÚfiÏÂÙ· ÁÈ· Ó· ÛÙ·ıÂÚÔÔÈËı›. ∞˘Ùfi
Â›Ó·È Ê˘ÛÈÔÏÔÁÈÎfi fiÙ·Ó ÌÂÙÚÔ‡ÓÙ·È ˘„ËϤ˜
·ÓÙÈÛÙ¿ÛÂȘ.
2. ∞Ó Ë Â›ÛÔ‰Ô˜ ‰ÂÓ Â›Ó·È Û˘Ó‰Â‰Â̤ÓË, .¯. ÛÂ
‰È·ÎÂÎÔÌ̤ÓÔ Î‡Îψ̷, Ë ÔıfiÓË ı· ‰Â›¯ÓÂÈ ÙÔÓ
·ÚÈıÌfi “1”. ∞˘Ùfi ÛËÌ·›ÓÂÈ fiÙÈ Ë Ì¤ÙÚËÛË
‚Ú›ÛÎÂÙ·È ÂÎÙfi˜ Ù˘ ÂÈϯı›۷˜ ÂÚÈÔ¯‹˜.
200
2000
20K
200K
2000K
0,1
1
10
100
1k ± 1% of rdg ± 2 digit
± 0,8% of rdg ± 2 digit
± 0,8% of rdg ± 3 digit
± 1% of rdg ± 2 digit
± 1,5% of rdg ± 2 digit
200µA
2000µA
20mA
200mA
0,1µA
1µA
10µA
100µA
± 3% of rdg ± 2 digit10A 10mA
± 1,2% of rdg ± 10 digit
200V
600V
100mV
1V
80 Ferm
HINT:
1. In case the voltage range is unknown, you must
put the FUNCTION switch in the highest
measurement range and then reduce the range
gradually if required.
2. If the figure "1" now appears on the display, the
measurand lies outside the range set. The
FUNCTION switch must be switched to a higher
range.
3. The maximum input voltage is 600 V DC. Higher
voltages cannot be measured.
4. Proceed extremely cautiously with the
measurement of high voltages.
10.2 Measuring alternating voltage (V AC)
1. Connect the BLACK lead to the "COM"
connecting point and the RED lead to the
"V mA" connecting point.
2. Set the FUNCTION switch on the desired "V"
setting and connect the leads to the voltage
source to be measured or measuring points. The
polarity of the measuring tips is not relevant.
3. Read off the measured value in Volt.
RANGE ACCURACY RES.
Input resistance 10 M
Frequency range 40.....400 Hz.
Overload protection AC 600 V Effective value or DC
600 V peak value (constantly in all ranges).
Display:Corrected centre point corresponds to the
effective value in a sinusoidal form.)
HINT:
1. In case the voltage range is unknown, you must
set the FUNCTION switch in the highest
measurement range and then reduce the range
gradually if required.
2. If the figure "1" now appears on the display, the
measurand lies outside the range set. The
FUNCTION switch must be switched to a higher
range.
3. The maximum input voltage is 600 V AC
effective value. Higher voltages cannot be
measured.
4. Proceed extremely cautiously with the
measurement of high voltages.
10.3 Measuring direct current (ADC)
1. Connect the BLACK lead to the COM connector
socket. Connect the RED lead to the "V mA"
connector socket. For measurements between
200mA and 10A, remove RED lead to “10A”
connector socket.
2. Set the FUNCTION switch on the desired "A"
setting and connect the leads in series to the
power circuit to be measured. Observe correct
polarity (red is + and black is -), otherwise the
display shows a minus sign before the value.
The technical current direction of the RED lead
to the BLACK lead is displayed at the same time
with the current strength.
3. Read off the value in (milli-) Ampere.
RANGE ACCURACY RES.
Overload protection 0.2 A/250-V cut-out, 10-A-
range not protected.
HINT:
1. In case the current range is previously unknown,
you must set the FUNCTION switch in the
highest measurement range and then reduce
the measurement range gradually if required.
2. If the figure "1" now appears on the display, the
measurand lies outside the set measurement
range. The FUNCTION switch must be switched
to a higher measurement range.
3. The 10A range is not protected with a fuse. Do
not, therefore, measure for longer than 10
seconds.
10.4 Measuring the resistance ( Ohm)
1. Connect the BLACK lead to the "COM"
connector socket and the RED lead to the
"V mA" connector socket. (Hint: The polarity of
the red lead is then "+".)
2. Set the FUNCTION switch on the desired " "
measuring range.
RANGE ACCURACY RES.
Overload protection 250 V DC or AC Effective
value, for maximum 15 seconds
3. Connect the measuring tips to the components
to be measured. Ensure that the component is
not linked to the other components. Do not touch
the measuring tips so as not to affect resistance
values.
4. Read off the measured value in (Ohm).
200
2000
20K
200K
2000K
0,1
1
10
100
1k ± 1% of rdg ± 2 digit
± 0,8% of rdg ± 2 digit
± 0,8% of rdg ± 3 digit
± 1% of rdg ± 2 digit
± 1,5% of rdg ± 2 digit
200µA
2000µA
20mA
200mA
0,1µA
1µA
10µA
100µA
± 3% of rdg ± 2 digit10A 10mA
± 1,2% of rdg ± 10 digit
200V
600V
100mV
1V
Ferm 05
2. ∞Ó ‰ÂÓ ÚfiÎÂÈÙ·È Ó· ¯ÚËÛÈÌÔÔÈ‹ÛÂÙÂ
ÚÔÛˆÚÈÓ¿ ÙË Û˘Û΢‹, Ú˘ıÌ›ÛÙ ÙÔ
ÂÚÈÛÙÚÔÊÈÎfi ÎÔ˘Ì› ÛÙË ı¤ÛË OFF.
3. ∏ ÌÂÙ·ÁˆÁ‹ ÙÔ˘ ÔÏ˘Ì¤ÙÚÔ˘ Â›Ó·È ‰È·ÊÔÚÂÙÈ΋
ÁÈ· ÙË Ì¤ÙÚËÛË Ù¿Û˘ Î·È ÁÈ· ÙË Ì¤ÙÚËÛË
Ú‡̷ÙÔ˜. ¶·Ú¿ÏÏËÏË Û‡Ó‰ÂÛË Î·Ù¿ ÙË
̤ÙÚËÛË Ù¿Ûˆ˜ Î·È Û‡Ó‰ÂÛË Û ÛÂÈÚ¿ ηٿ ÙË
̤ÙÚËÛË Ú‡̷ÙÔ˜. ™ÙËÓ ÙÂÏÂ˘Ù·›· ÂÚ›ÙˆÛË
ı· Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· ‰È·ÎÔ› ¤Ó·˜ ·ÁˆÁfi˜ ÛÙÔ
·Îψ̷ Ô˘ ÚfiÎÂÈÙ·È Ó· ÌÂÙÚËı›.
4. ªË Û˘Ó‰¤ÂÙ ÔÙ¤ ËÁ‹ Ú‡̷ÙÔ˜ ‹ Ù¿ÛË ÛÙÔ
ÔχÌÂÙÚÔ ·Ó Ô ‰È·ÎfiÙ˘ FUNCTION
‚Ú›ÛÎÂÙ·È ÛÙË ı¤ÛË ‹ .
5. ªË Û˘Ó‰¤ÂÙ ÔÙ¤ Ù¿ÛË ˘„ËÏfiÙÂÚË ·fi 600 V
DC or 600 V ÛÙË Û˘Û΢‹ ̤ÙÚËÛ˘.
8. ™À¡∆√ª∏ ™À¡√æ∏ ª∂∆ƒ∏™∂ø¡
∆Ô ÔχÌÂÙÚÔ Â›Ó·È Î·Ù¿ÏÏËÏÔ ÁÈ· ÙȘ ·ÎfiÏÔ˘ı˜
ÌÂÙÚ‹ÛÂȘ:
ñ ™˘Ó¯‹˜ Ù¿ÛË (VDC, .¯. Ë Ù¿ÛË ÂÓfi˜
Û˘ÛÛˆÚÂ˘Ù‹ ‹ ÌÈ·˜ Ì·Ù·Ú›·˜)
ñ ™˘Ó¯¤˜ Ú‡̷ (ADC)
ñ ∂Ó·ÏÏ·ÛÛfiÌÂÓË Ù¿ÛË (VAC, .¯. Ë Ù¿ÛË ÛÙËÓ
›ÛÔ‰Ô ÙÚÔÊÔ‰ÔÛ›·˜ οÔÈ·˜ Û˘Û΢‹˜)
ñ ∞ÓÙ›ÛÙ·ÛË ( , Ohm)
ñ ª¤ÙÚËÛË ‰Èfi‰ˆÓ Î·È ÙÚ·Ó˙›ÛÙÔÚ hFE
∆Ô ÚÔ˜ ̤ÙÚËÛË ·ÓÙÈΛÌÂÓÔ ÌÔÚ› Ó· ‚Ú›ÛÎÂÙ·È
˘fi Ù¿ÛË. °È· Ó· ÙËÓ ÌÂÙÚ‹ÛÂÙÂ, Û˘Ó‰¤ÛÙ ÙÔ
ÔχÌÂÙÚÔ Û ·Ú¿ÏÏËÏË Û‡Ó‰ÂÛË.
∞Ó ı¤ÏÂÙ ӷ ÌÂÙÚ‹ÛÂÙ ÙËÓ ÈÛ¯‡ ÙÔ˘ Ú‡̷ÙÔ˜,
Û˘Ó‰¤ÛÙ ÙÔ ÔχÌÂÙÚÔ ÛÙÔ Î‡Îψ̷ (Û‡Ó‰ÂÛË
Û ÛÂÈÚ¿). ∆Ô Î‡Îψ̷ ÁÈ· ÙË Ì¤ÙÚËÛË ÙÔ˘
Ú‡̷ÙÔ˜ ı· Ú¤ÂÈ ÔˆÛ‰‹ÔÙ ӷ ›ӷÈ
ÌÔӈ̤ÓÔ, ‰ÈfiÙÈ ÙÔ Ú‡̷ ı· Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· ÂÚ¿ÛÂÈ
·fi ÙÔ ÔχÌÂÙÚÔ.
¢ÂÓ ı· Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· Ú˘ıÌ›ÛÂÙ ÙÔ ÔχÌÂÙÚÔ ÛÙË
̤ÙÚËÛË Ú‡̷ÙÔ˜ fiÙ·Ó ÂÎÙÂÏ›ÙÂ, ÁÈ·
·Ú¿‰ÂÈÁÌ·, ̤ÙÚËÛË Ù˘ Ù¿Ûˆ˜. À¿Ú¯ÂÈ ÙÔ
ÂӉ¯fiÌÂÓÔ Ó· ÚÔηϤÛÂÙ ·Ó·ÓfiÚıˆÙË
‚Ï¿‚Ë ÛÙÔ ÔχÌÂÙÚÔ, ÚÔηÏÒÓÙ·˜
‚Ú·¯˘Î‡Îψ̷ Û ÌÈ· Ù¤ÙÔÈ· ÂÚ›ÙˆÛË.
9. §∂π∆√Àƒ°π∞ (µ§∂¶∂ ™Ã∏ª∞ 1)
A. √ıfiÓË ˘ÁÚÒÓ ÎÚ˘ÛÙ¿ÏÏˆÓ (LCD) 3, 5 „ËÊ›ˆÓ
(·ÓÒÙ·ÙË ¤Ó‰ÂÈÍË: 1999. ∂Ӊ›ÍÂȘ ÁÈ·
‰Âη‰ÈÎfi ÛËÌ›Ô, ÔÏÈÎfiÙËÙ·, ˘ÂÚÊfiÚÙÈÛË Î·È
¿‰ÂÈ· Ì·Ù·Ú›·.
B. ¢È·ÎfiÙ˘ FUNCTION: ¶ÂÚÈÛÙÚÔÊÈÎfi˜
‰È·ÎfiÙ˘ ÁÈ· ÙË Ú‡ıÌÈÛË Ù˘ ÂÚÈÔ¯‹˜
̤ÙÚËÛ˘
C. ª¤ÙÚËÛË ÙÚ·Ó˙›ÛÙÔÚ hFE
D. 10 A. £ÂÙÈ΋ Û‡Ó‰ÂÛË ÁÈ· ÌÂÙÚ‹ÛÂȘ Ú‡̷ÙÔ˜
¿Óˆ ÙˆÓ 200 mA ¤ˆ˜ 10 A.
E. COM. ∞ÚÓËÙÈ΋ Û‡Ó‰ÂÛË.
F. V mA. £ÂÙÈ΋ Û‡Ó‰ÂÛË ÁÈ· ÌÂÙÚ‹ÛÂȘ Ù¿Û˘ ηÈ
·ÓÙ›ÛÙ·Û˘. (0-200mA).
G. ¶Ï‹ÎÙÚÔ ‰È·Ù‹ÚËÛ˘ ̤ÙÚËÛ˘ (Hold)
∞Ó ·Ù‹ÛÂÙ ·˘Ùfi ÙÔ Ï‹ÎÙÚÔ ı· ‰È·ÙËÚËı›
ÛÙËÓ ÔıfiÓË Ë ÙÂÏÂ˘Ù·›· ̤ÙÚËÛË Î·È ı·
ÂÌÊ·ÓÈÛı› ÙÔ Û‡Ì‚ÔÏÔ «∏» ÛÙËÓ ÔıfiÓË LCD
̤¯ÚÈ Ó· Í·Ó··Ù‹ÛÂÙ ÙÔ Ï‹ÎÙÚÔ .
10. ª∂∆ƒ∏™∂π™
10.1 ª¤ÙÚËÛË Û˘Ó¯ԇ˜ Ù¿Û˘ (V DC)
1. ™˘Ó‰¤ÛÙ ÙÔ ª∞Àƒ√ ηÏÒ‰ÈÔ ÛÙËÓ ˘Ô‰Ô¯‹
“COM” Î·È ÙÔ ∫√∫∫π¡√ ηÏÒ‰ÈÔ ÛÙËÓ
˘Ô‰Ô¯‹ “V mA”.
2. µ¿ÏÙ ÙÔÓ ‰È·ÎfiÙË FUNCTION ÛÙËÓ
ÂÈı˘ÌËÙ‹ Ú‡ıÌÈÛË “V” Î·È Û˘Ó‰¤ÛÙ ٷ
ηÏ҉ȷ ÛÙËÓ ËÁ‹ Ù˘ Ù¿Ûˆ˜ ‹ ÛÙ· ÛËÌ›·
̤ÙÚËÛ˘. ¶ÚÔÛ¤ÍÙ ÙË ÛˆÛÙ‹ ÔÏÈÎfiÙËÙ·
(ÎfiÎÎÈÓÔ Â›Ó·È + Î·È Ì·‡ÚÔ Â›Ó·È -), ‰È·ÊÔÚÂÙÈο
Ë ÔıfiÓË ı· ‰Â›¯ÓÂÈ ÙÔ Û‡Ì‚ÔÏÔ ÏËÓ (-) ÚÈÓ
·fi ÙËÓ ÙÈÌ‹.
3. ¢È·‚¿ÛÙ ÙË ÌÂÙÚÔ‡ÌÂÓË ÙÈÌ‹ Û Volt.
¶∂ƒπ√Ã∏ ∞∫ƒπµ∂π∞ ∞¡∞.
∞ÓÙ›ÛÙ·ÛË ÂÈÛfi‰Ô˘ 10 M
∞ÛÊ¿ÏÂÈ· ˘ÂÚÊfiÚÙÈÛ˘: ÂÓÂÚÁfi˜ ÙÈÌ‹ DC 600 V ‹
AC 600 V
(ÂÎÙfi˜ Ù˘ ÂÚÈÔ¯‹˜ 200-mV Ì ·ÓÒÙ·ÙË ÂÓÂÚÁfi ÙÈÌ‹
250 V).
À¶√¢∂π•∏:
1. ∞Ó ‰ÂÓ ÁÓˆÚ›˙ÂÙ ÙËÓ ÂÚÈÔ¯‹ Ù¿Û˘, ı·
Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· ‚¿ÏÂÙ ÙÔÓ ‰È·ÎfiÙË FUNCTION
ÛÙËÓ ·ÓÒÙ·ÙË ÂÚÈÔ¯‹ ̤ÙÚËÛ˘ Î·È Ó·
ÌÂÈÒÛÂÙ ÛÙ·‰È·Î¿ ÙËÓ ÂÚÈÔ¯‹, ·Ó ¯ÚÂÈ·ÛÙ›.
2. ∞Ó ÂÌÊ·ÓÈÛÙ› Ë ¤Ó‰ÂÈÍË “1” ÛÙËÓ ÔıfiÓË, Ë
ÌÂÙÚÔ‡ÌÂÓË ÙÈÌ‹ ‚Ú›ÛÎÂÙ·È ÂÎÙfi˜ Ù˘
Ú˘ıÌÈṲ̂Ó˘ ÂÚÈÔ¯‹˜. √ ‰È·ÎfiÙ˘
FUNCTION ı· Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· Ú˘ıÌÈÛÙ› ÛÂ
˘„ËÏfiÙÂÚË ÂÚÈÔ¯‹.
3. ∏ ̤ÁÈÛÙË Ù¿ÛË ÂÈÛfi‰Ô˘ Â›Ó·È 600 V DC. ∏
̤ÙÚËÛË ˘„ËÏfiÙÂÚˆÓ Ù¿ÛÂˆÓ ‰ÂÓ Â›Ó·È
‰˘Ó·Ù‹.
4. ¶ÚÔÛ¤¯ÂÙ ¿Ú· Ôχ fiÙ·Ó ÌÂÙÚ¿Ù ˘„ËϤ˜
Ù¿ÛÂȘ.
10.2 ª¤ÙÚËÛË ÂÓ·ÏÏ·ÛÛfiÌÂÓ˘ Ù¿Û˘ (V AC)
1. ™˘Ó‰¤ÛÙ ÙÔ ª∞Àƒ√ ηÏÒ‰ÈÔ ÛÙËÓ ˘Ô‰Ô¯‹
“COM” Î·È ÙÔ ∫√∫∫π¡√ ηÏÒ‰ÈÔ ÛÙËÓ
˘Ô‰Ô¯‹ “V mA”.
2. µ¿ÏÙ ÙÔÓ ‰È·ÎfiÙË FUNCTION ÛÙËÓ
ÂÈı˘ÌËÙ‹ Ú‡ıÌÈÛË “V” Î·È Û˘Ó‰¤ÛÙ ٷ
ηÏ҉ȷ ÛÙËÓ ËÁ‹ Ù˘ Ù¿Ûˆ˜ ‹ ÛÙ· ÛËÌ›·
̤ÙÚËÛ˘. ∏ ÔÏÈÎfiÙËÙ· ÙˆÓ ·Î›‰ˆÓ ̤ÙÚËÛ˘
‰ÂÓ ¤¯ÂÈ ÛËÌ·Û›·.
3. ¢È·‚¿ÛÙ ÙË ÌÂÙÚÔ‡ÌÂÓË ÙÈÌ‹ Û Volt.
± 0,5% of rdg ± 2 digit
± 0,8% of rdg ± 2 digit
200mV
2000mV
20V
200V
600V
100µV
1mV
10mV
100mV
1V
Ferm 79
5. While measuring the resistances, current from
the internal battery is used. This current
consumption differs according to the set
measurement range.
HINT:
1. In case the measurand exceeds the highest
value in the set measurement range, the display
shows "1". Select a higher measurement range.
If the resistance is about 1 M and higher, the
measuring device can take a couple of seconds
to stabilise. This is normal in the measurement of
high resistances.
2. If the input is not connected, say in a broken
power circuit, the display shows the figure "1".
This means that the measurement falls outside
the range.
3. In case the resistance to be measured is
connected to a power circuit, you must switch off
the voltage before beginning the measurement
and see that all capacitors are discharged.
10.5 Diodes measurement (Conducting-state
voltage)
1. Connect the BLACK lead to the "COM"
connector socket and the RED lead to the
"V mA" connector socket. (Hint: The polarity of
the red lead is then "+".)
2. Set the FUNCTION switch on the -range and
connect the measuring tips to the diode to be
measured. In the measurement of diodes or
transistors, the polarity of the measuring tips
determines whether the forward direction or the
blocking direction is measured. The displayed
value is the conducting-state voltage drop.
- The tripping current is 0.8 mA.
- In case the measuring tips are not or wrongly
connected to the diode i.e. in the blocking
direction, the display shows the figure 1.
10.6 hFE-Transistor measurement
1. Remove the measuring cable.
2. Set the switch on the hFE setting.
3. Find out whether this transistor is a NPN or PNP
transistor and connect the Emitter- (e), Basic (b)
and collector- (c) cable to the appropriate socket
in the switchgear panel on the front side.
4. The display shows the (approximate) hFE value
for a basic current of 10 µA, V CE 2.8 V.
11. SERVICING
CAUTION
• Always remove the battery before servicing and
cleaning of the multimeter. Never use water or
other fluids to clean the device.
• Keep the instrument leads and the multimeter
clean. Some cleaning media and solvents
(petrol, thinner etc.) can attach or dissolve the
plastic. These products contain benzol,
trichloroethane, chlorine, aqueous ammonia
etc.
• Clean the casing regularly using a soft piece of
cloth, preferably after every use.
• Remove the stubborn dirt using moist cloth. Do
not use any solvents such as petrol, alcohol,
ammoniac solution etc. Such substances
damage the plastic parts.
12. PROBLEMS
In case the multimeter does not operate properly,
the cause could be one of these:
1. The multimeter does not show anything.
• The battery is flat.
- Change the battery.
• The current or the voltage measured was too
high and the multimeter was damaged in spite of
the safety devices.
- Contact the Service address in case of
problems.
2. The multimeter does not show any measured
values.
• The fuse has burnt.
- Replace the fuse.
• One or more leads are defective.
- Replace the instrument leads.
• The current or the voltage measured was too
high and the multimeter was damaged in spite of
the safety devices.
- Contact the Service address in case of
problems.
REPLACING THE FUSE
1. Set the switch on the OFF setting.
2. Remove the rear panel of the multimeter by
loosening the screws.
CAUTION! The device must be switched
off and the leads removed before
opening the casing of the multimeter.
3. Remove the defective fuse and replace it with a
fuse of the same amperage and tripping
characteristics (250 V~ F200mAL).
13. CHANGING BATTERY
1. A battery symbol appears on the display if the
battery is almost discharged.
2. Set the rotary knob on the OFF setting.
3. Remove the rear panel of the multimeter by
loosening the screws.
CAUTION! The device must be switched
off and the leads removed before
opening the casing of the multimeter.
4. Replace the 9 Volt battery by a new battery of
6F22 type or as an alternative: 6R61 / 6LR61 /
6LF22.
06 Ferm
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