Gimp Version 2.10 User manual

GNU Image Manipulation Program

User Manual

November 17, 2021

GNU Image Manipulation Program

Legal Notice

Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free

Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;

with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is

included in the section enphrased GNU Free Documentation License.

ii

Contents

I Getting Started 1

1 Introduction 3

1.1 WelcometoGIMP.......................................... 3

1.1.1 Authors ........................................... 3

1.1.2 TheGIMPHelpsystem .................................. 3

1.1.3 FeaturesandCapabilities ................................. 3

1.2 What’snewinGIMP2.10.18? ................................... 4

2 Fire up GIMP 5

2.1 RunningGIMP ........................................... 5

2.1.1 KnownPlatforms...................................... 5

2.1.2 Language .......................................... 5

2.1.3 CommandLineArguments................................ 6

2.2 StartingGIMPthefirsttime .................................... 7

2.2.1 Finally... ......................................... 7

3 First Steps with Wilber 9

3.1 BasicConcepts............................................ 9

3.2 MainWindows ........................................... 11

3.2.1 TheToolbox......................................... 14

3.2.2 ImageWindow ....................................... 16

3.2.3 DialogsandDocking.................................... 19

3.3 Undoing ............................................... 25

3.3.1 Things That Cannot be Undone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

3.4 CommonTasks ........................................... 26

3.4.1 Intention........................................... 26

3.4.2 Change the Size of an Image for the screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

3.4.3 Change the Size of an Image for print . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

3.4.4 CompressingImages.................................... 29

3.4.5 CropAnImage ....................................... 32

3.4.6 FindInfoAboutYourImage................................ 33

3.4.7 ChangetheMode...................................... 34

3.4.8 FlipAnImage........................................ 36

3.4.9 RotateAnImage ...................................... 38

3.4.10 Separating an Object From Its Background . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

3.5 HowtoDrawStraightLines.................................... 40

3.5.1 Intention........................................... 41

3.5.2 Examples .......................................... 44

4 Getting Unstuck 47

4.1 GettingUnstuck........................................... 47

4.1.1 Stuck!............................................. 47

4.1.2 Common Causes of GIMP Non-Responsiveness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

II How do I Become a GIMP Wizard? 51

5 Getting Images into GIMP 53

5.1 ImageTypes ............................................. 53

5.2 CreatingnewFiles ......................................... 55

5.3 OpeningFiles ............................................ 55

5.3.1 OpenFile .......................................... 55

iii

CONTENTS

5.3.2 OpenLocation ....................................... 57

5.3.3 OpenRecent......................................... 58

5.3.4 UsingExternalPrograms ................................. 58

5.3.5 FileManager ........................................ 58

5.3.6 DragandDrop ....................................... 58

5.3.7 CopyandPaste ....................................... 58

5.3.8 ImageBrowser ....................................... 58

6 Getting Images out of GIMP 59

6.1 Files.................................................. 59

6.1.1 Save/ExportImages ................................... 59

6.1.2 FileFormats......................................... 59

6.2 Preparing your Images for the Web . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

6.2.1 Images with an Optimal Size/Quality Ratio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

6.2.2 Reducing the File Size Even More . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

6.2.3 Saving Images with Transparency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

7 Painting with GIMP 71

7.1 TheSelection............................................. 71

7.1.1 Feathering.......................................... 72

7.1.2 Making a Selection Partially Transparent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

7.2 CreatingandUsingSelections................................... 73

7.2.1 MovingaSelection..................................... 73

7.2.2 Adding or subtracting selections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

7.3 TheQuickMask ........................................... 75

7.3.1 Overview .......................................... 76

7.3.2 Properties .......................................... 76

7.4 UsingQuickMaskMode...................................... 77

7.5 Paths................................................. 77

7.5.1 PathCreation ........................................ 77

7.5.2 PathProperties ....................................... 78

7.5.3 PathsandSelections .................................... 79

7.5.4 TransformingPaths..................................... 79

7.5.5 StrokingaPath ....................................... 79

7.5.6 PathsandText........................................ 80

7.5.7 PathsandSVGfiles..................................... 80

7.6 Brushes................................................ 81

7.7 AddingNewBrushes........................................ 83

7.8 TheGIHDialogBox ........................................ 84

7.9 Changingbrushsize ........................................ 88

7.9.1 How to change the size of a brush . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88

7.9.2 Creatingabrushquickly.................................. 90

7.10 Gradients............................................... 91

7.11 Patterns................................................ 93

7.12 Palettes................................................ 95

7.12.1 Colormap .......................................... 96

7.13 Presets ................................................ 97

7.14 DrawingSimpleObjects ...................................... 97

7.14.1 DrawingaStraightLine .................................. 97

7.14.2 CreatingaBasicShape................................... 99

8 Combining Images 101

8.1 IntroductiontoLayers ....................................... 101

8.1.1 LayerProperties ...................................... 101

8.2 LayerModes............................................. 105

8.3 CreatingNewLayers........................................ 118

8.4 LayerGroups ............................................ 119

iv

CONTENTS

9 Text Management 123

9.1 TextManagement.......................................... 123

9.1.1 TextArea........................................... 123

9.1.2 ManagingTextLayer.................................... 124

9.1.3 TextToolbox......................................... 125

9.1.4 TextContextMenu..................................... 126

9.2 Text.................................................. 128

9.2.1 EmbellishingText...................................... 128

9.2.2 AddingFonts ........................................ 128

9.2.3 FontProblems........................................ 130

10 Enhancing Photographs 131

10.1 Working with Digital Camera Photos . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131

10.1.1 Introduction......................................... 131

10.1.2 ImprovingComposition.................................. 131

10.1.3 ImprovingColors...................................... 132

10.1.4 AdjustingSharpness.................................... 134

10.1.5 Removing Unwanted Objects from an Image . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135

10.1.6 SavingYourResults .................................... 136

11 Color Management with GIMP 139

11.1 ColorManagementinGIMP.................................... 139

11.1.1 Problems of a non Color Managed Workflow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139

11.1.2 Introduction to a Color Managed Workflow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140

12 Enrich my GIMP 143

12.1PreferencesDialog ......................................... 143

12.1.1 Introduction......................................... 143

12.1.2 SystemResources...................................... 144

12.1.3 ColorManagement..................................... 145

12.1.4 ImageImportandExport ................................. 148

12.1.5 ToolOptions......................................... 149

12.1.6 DefaultImagePreferences................................. 150

12.1.7 DefaultImageGrid..................................... 151

12.1.8 Interface ........................................... 152

12.1.9 Theme ............................................ 153

12.1.10IconTheme ......................................... 153

12.1.11Toolbox............................................ 154

12.1.12DialogDefaults....................................... 155

12.1.13HelpSystem......................................... 156

12.1.14Display............................................ 157

12.1.15WindowManagement................................... 158

12.1.16ImageWindows....................................... 160

12.1.17ImageWindowAppearance................................ 161

12.1.18 Image Window Title and Statusbar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163

12.1.19 Image Window Snapping Behavior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164

12.1.20InputDevices........................................ 164

12.1.21InputControllers...................................... 165

12.1.22Folders............................................ 168

12.1.23DataFolders......................................... 169

12.2GridsandGuides.......................................... 169

12.2.1 TheImageGrid....................................... 170

12.2.2 Guides............................................ 171

12.3RenderingaGrid .......................................... 172

12.4HowtoSetYourTileCache .................................... 172

12.5 Creating Shortcuts to Menu Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173

12.6CustomizeSplash-Screen...................................... 175

v

CONTENTS

13 Scripting 177

13.1 Plugins................................................ 177

13.1.1 Introduction......................................... 177

13.1.2 UsingPlugins........................................ 178

13.1.3 InstallingNewPlugins................................... 178

13.1.4 WritingPlugins....................................... 179

13.2UsingScript-FuScripts....................................... 180

13.2.1 Script-Fu? .......................................... 180

13.2.2 InstallingScript-Fus .................................... 180

13.2.3 Do’sandDon’ts....................................... 180

13.2.4 Different Kinds Of Script-Fus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180

13.2.5 StandaloneScripts ..................................... 182

13.2.6 Image-DependentScripts ................................. 183

13.3AScript-FuTutorial......................................... 183

13.3.1 Getting Acquainted With Scheme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183

13.3.2 VariablesAndFunctions.................................. 185

13.3.3 Lists,ListsAndMoreLists ................................ 187

13.3.4 YourFirstScript-FuScript................................. 190

13.3.5 Giving Our Script Some Guts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196

13.3.6 Extending The Text Box Script . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198

13.3.7 Yourscriptanditsworking ................................ 200

III Function Reference 203

14 Tools 205

14.1 TheToolbox ............................................. 205

14.1.1 Introduction......................................... 205

14.1.2 ToolIcons .......................................... 205

14.1.3 ColorandIndicatorArea ................................. 206

14.1.4 ToolOptions......................................... 208

14.2SelectionTools............................................ 210

14.2.1 CommonFeatures ..................................... 210

14.2.2 RectangleSelection..................................... 212

14.2.3 EllipseSelection....................................... 216

14.2.4 FreeSelection(Lasso) ................................... 219

14.2.5 Fuzzy selection (Magic wand) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221

14.2.6 SelectByColor ....................................... 224

14.2.7 IntelligentScissors ..................................... 226

14.2.8 ForegroundSelect ..................................... 228

14.3PaintTools.............................................. 233

14.3.1 CommonFeatures ..................................... 233

14.3.2 Dynamics .......................................... 241

14.3.3 Brush Tools (Pencil, Paintbrush, Airbrush) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249

14.3.4 BucketFill.......................................... 249

14.3.5 Gradient........................................... 253

14.3.6 Pencil............................................. 260

14.3.7 Paintbrush.......................................... 261

14.3.8 MyPaintBrush ....................................... 263

14.3.9 Eraser ............................................ 266

14.3.10Airbrush........................................... 268

14.3.11Ink .............................................. 270

14.3.12Clone............................................. 271

14.3.13Heal ............................................. 276

14.3.14PerspectiveClone...................................... 278

14.3.15Blur/Sharpen........................................ 280

14.3.16Smudge ........................................... 283

14.3.17Dodge/Burn ........................................ 287

14.4TransformTools........................................... 289

vi

CONTENTS

14.4.1 CommonFeatures ..................................... 289

14.4.2 Align............................................. 295

14.4.3 Move............................................. 301

14.4.4 Crop ............................................. 303

14.4.5 Rotate ............................................ 306

14.4.6 Scale ............................................. 308

14.4.7 Shear............................................. 310

14.4.8 Perspective.......................................... 312

14.4.9 3DTransform ........................................ 314

14.4.10UnifiedTransform ..................................... 315

14.4.11HandleTransform ..................................... 320

14.4.12Flip.............................................. 324

14.4.13TheCageTool........................................ 325

14.4.14WarpTransform ...................................... 327

14.5Other................................................. 330

14.5.1 Overview .......................................... 330

14.5.2 Paths............................................. 331

14.5.3 ColorPicker......................................... 334

14.5.4 Zoom............................................. 336

14.5.5 Measure ........................................... 337

14.5.6 Text.............................................. 340

14.5.7 GEGLOperation ...................................... 345

15 Dialogs 347

15.1 DialogIntroduction......................................... 347

15.2 Image Structure Related Dialogs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347

15.2.1 LayersDialog ........................................ 347

15.2.2 ChannelsDialog ...................................... 352

15.2.3 PathsDialog......................................... 358

15.2.4 ColormapDialog...................................... 362

15.2.5 Histogramdialog...................................... 364

15.2.6 NavigationDialog ..................................... 367

15.2.7 UndoHistoryDialog.................................... 368

15.3Image-contentRelatedDialogs .................................. 370

15.3.1 FG/BGColorDialog.................................... 370

15.3.2 BrushesDialog ....................................... 373

15.3.3 PatternsDialog ....................................... 378

15.3.4 GradientsDialog ...................................... 380

15.3.5 PalettesDialog ....................................... 388

15.3.6 Tagging ........................................... 394

15.3.7 FontsDialog......................................... 395

15.4 Image Management Related Dialogs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 397

15.4.1 BuffersDialog........................................ 397

15.4.2 ImagesDialog........................................ 399

15.4.3 DocumentHistoryDialog................................. 400

15.4.4 TemplatesDialog...................................... 401

15.5MiscellaneousDialogs ....................................... 404

15.5.1 ToolPresetsDialog..................................... 404

15.5.2 ToolPresetEditor...................................... 406

15.5.3 DeviceStatusDialog.................................... 407

15.5.4 ErrorConsole........................................ 407

15.5.5 Dashboard.......................................... 409

15.5.6 SaveFile ........................................... 409

15.5.7 ExportFile.......................................... 410

15.5.8 SamplePointsDialog.................................... 412

15.5.9 PointerDialog........................................ 413

15.5.10SymmetryPaintingdialog................................. 414

vii

CONTENTS

16 Menus 419

16.1 IntroductiontoMenus ....................................... 419

16.1.1 TheImageMenuBar.................................... 419

16.1.2 ContextMenus ....................................... 419

16.1.3 Tear-offmenus ....................................... 419

16.1.4 Tabmenus.......................................... 420

16.2The“File”Menu........................................... 421

16.2.1 Overview .......................................... 421

16.2.2 New…............................................ 421

16.2.3 Create ............................................ 426

16.2.4 Open…............................................ 428

16.2.5 OpenasLayers…...................................... 429

16.2.6 OpenLocation… ...................................... 429

16.2.7 OpenRecent......................................... 430

16.2.8 Save.............................................. 430

16.2.9 Saveas…........................................... 430

16.2.10SaveaCopy…........................................ 432

16.2.11Revert ............................................ 432

16.2.12Export…........................................... 432

16.2.13ExportAs…......................................... 433

16.2.14CreateTemplate… ..................................... 433

16.2.15Print ............................................. 434

16.2.16SendbyEmail........................................ 434

16.2.17CopyImageLocation.................................... 434

16.2.18ShowinFileManager ................................... 434

16.2.19Close............................................. 434

16.2.20Closeall ........................................... 435

16.2.21Quit ............................................. 435

16.3The“Edit”Menu .......................................... 436

16.3.1 “Edit”MenuEntries .................................... 436

16.3.2 Undo............................................. 436

16.3.3 Redo ............................................. 437

16.3.4 UndoHistory ........................................ 437

16.3.5 Cut.............................................. 437

16.3.6 Copy............................................. 438

16.3.7 CopyVisible......................................... 438

16.3.8 Paste ............................................. 438

16.3.9 PasteIntoSelection..................................... 439

16.3.10PasteInPlace ........................................ 439

16.3.11 Paste Into Selection In Place . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 439

16.3.12Pasteas............................................ 439

16.3.13Buffer............................................. 441

16.3.14Clear............................................. 442

16.3.15FillwithFGColor ..................................... 442

16.3.16FillwithBGColor ..................................... 442

16.3.17FillwithPattern....................................... 443

16.3.18FillSelectionOutline.................................... 443

16.3.19FillPath ........................................... 444

16.3.20StrokeSelection....................................... 444

16.3.21StrokePath ......................................... 445

16.3.22 The “Preferences” Command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 447

16.3.23KeyboardShortcuts..................................... 447

16.3.24Modules........................................... 447

16.3.25Units ............................................. 448

16.4The“Select”Menu ......................................... 450

16.4.1 Introduction to the “Select” Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 450

16.4.2 SelectAll........................................... 451

16.4.3 None............................................. 451

16.4.4 Invert............................................. 451

viii

CONTENTS

16.4.5 Float ............................................. 452

16.4.6 ByColor........................................... 453

16.4.7 FromPath .......................................... 453

16.4.8 SelectionEditor....................................... 453

16.4.9 Feather............................................ 456

16.4.10Sharpen ........................................... 457

16.4.11Shrink ............................................ 457

16.4.12Grow............................................. 458

16.4.13Border ............................................ 459

16.4.14RemoveHoles........................................ 460

16.4.15Distort ............................................ 462

16.4.16RoundedRectangle..................................... 463

16.4.17ToggleQuickMask ..................................... 464

16.4.18SavetoChannel....................................... 464

16.4.19ToPath............................................ 464

16.5The“View”Menu.......................................... 465

16.5.1 Introduction to the “View” Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 465

16.5.2 NewView.......................................... 465

16.5.3 ShowAll........................................... 466

16.5.4 DotforDot ......................................... 467

16.5.5 Zoom............................................. 468

16.5.6 FlipandRotate(0°)..................................... 469

16.5.7 ShrinkWrap......................................... 470

16.5.8 FullScreen.......................................... 470

16.5.9 NavigationWindow .................................... 471

16.5.10DisplayFilters........................................ 471

16.5.11ColorManagement..................................... 474

16.5.12ShowSelection ....................................... 475

16.5.13ShowLayerBoundary ................................... 475

16.5.14ShowGuides ........................................ 475

16.5.15ShowGrid.......................................... 476

16.5.16ShowSamplePoints .................................... 476

16.5.17SnaptoGuides ....................................... 476

16.5.18SnaptoGrid......................................... 476

16.5.19SnaptoCanvas ....................................... 476

16.5.20SnaptoActivePath..................................... 477

16.5.21PaddingColor........................................ 477

16.5.22ShowMenubar ....................................... 477

16.5.23ShowRulers......................................... 478

16.5.24ShowScrollbars....................................... 478

16.5.25ShowStatusbar ....................................... 478

16.6The“Image”Menu ......................................... 479

16.6.1 Overview .......................................... 479

16.6.2 Duplicate .......................................... 479

16.6.3 Mode ............................................ 480

16.6.4 RGBmode.......................................... 480

16.6.5 Grayscalemode....................................... 480

16.6.6 Indexedmode........................................ 481

16.6.7 Precision ........................................... 483

16.6.8 Color Management ..................................... 485

16.6.9 EnableColorManagement ................................ 486

16.6.10AssignColorProfile .................................... 490

16.6.11ConverttoColorProfile .................................. 496

16.6.12DiscardColorProfile.................................... 503

16.6.13SaveColorProfiletoFile.................................. 504

16.6.14 Transform .......................................... 506

16.6.15 Flip Horizontally; Flip Vertically . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 507

16.6.16Rotation ........................................... 507

16.6.17CanvasSize ......................................... 507

ix

CONTENTS

16.6.18FitCanvastoLayers .................................... 511

16.6.19FitCanvastoSelection................................... 511

16.6.20PrintSize .......................................... 511

16.6.21ScaleImage ......................................... 512

16.6.22CropImage ......................................... 514

16.6.23SliceUsingGuides ..................................... 515

16.6.24ZealousCrop ........................................ 515

16.6.25MergeVisibleLayers.................................... 516

16.6.26FlattenImage ........................................ 517

16.6.27AlignVisibleLayers…................................... 517

16.6.28 Guides ............................................ 521

16.6.29NewGuide ......................................... 521

16.6.30NewGuide(byPercent) .................................. 522

16.6.31NewGuidesfromSelection................................ 522

16.6.32Removeallguides ..................................... 523

16.6.33ConfigureGrid…...................................... 523

16.6.34ImageProperties ...................................... 524

16.6.35 Metadata .......................................... 526

16.6.36MetadataViewer ...................................... 527

16.6.37MetadataEditor....................................... 527

16.7The“Layer”Menu ......................................... 528

16.7.1 Introduction to the “Layer” Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 528

16.7.2 NewLayer.......................................... 529

16.7.3 NewLayerGroup...................................... 533

16.7.4 NewFromVisible...................................... 534

16.7.5 Duplicatelayer ....................................... 534

16.7.6 Anchorlayer......................................... 534

16.7.7 MergeDown ........................................ 535

16.7.8 DeleteLayer......................................... 535

16.7.9 The Text Commands of the Layer Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 535

16.7.10DiscardTextInformation ................................. 536

16.7.11“Stack”Submenu...................................... 536

16.7.12SelectPreviousLayer.................................... 537

16.7.13SelectNextLayer...................................... 537

16.7.14SelectTopLayer....................................... 538

16.7.15SelectBottomLayer..................................... 538

16.7.16RaiseLayer ......................................... 538

16.7.17LowerLayer......................................... 538

16.7.18LayertoTop......................................... 539

16.7.19LayertoBottom....................................... 539

16.7.20 The “Reverse Layer Order” command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 539

16.7.21The“Mask”Submenu ................................... 539

16.7.22AddLayerMask ...................................... 540

16.7.23ApplyLayerMask..................................... 541

16.7.24DeleteLayerMask ..................................... 541

16.7.25ShowLayerMask...................................... 541

16.7.26EditLayerMask....................................... 542

16.7.27DisableLayerMask..................................... 542

16.7.28MasktoSelection...................................... 542

16.7.29 Add Layer Mask to Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 543

16.7.30 Subtract Layer Mask from Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 543

16.7.31 Intersect Layer Mask with Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 544

16.7.32 The “Transparency” Submenu of the “Layer” menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 544

16.7.33AddAlphaChannel .................................... 545

16.7.34RemoveAlphaChannel .................................. 545

16.7.35ColortoAlpha ....................................... 545

16.7.36Semi-flatten ......................................... 545

16.7.37ThresholdAlpha ...................................... 546

16.7.38AlphatoSelection ..................................... 547

x

CONTENTS

16.7.39 Add Alpha channel to Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 547

16.7.40SubtractfromSelection .................................. 548

16.7.41 Intersect Alpha channel with Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 548

16.7.42The“Transform”Submenu ................................ 549

16.7.43FlipHorizontally...................................... 550

16.7.44FlipVertically........................................ 550

16.7.45Rotate90°clockwise .................................... 551

16.7.46 Rotate 90° counter-clockwise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 551

16.7.47Rotate180°.......................................... 551

16.7.48ArbitraryRotation ..................................... 552

16.7.49Offset............................................. 552

16.7.50LayerBoundarySize.................................... 554

16.7.51LayertoImageSize..................................... 556

16.7.52ScaleLayer.......................................... 556

16.7.53CropLayer.......................................... 557

16.8The“Colors”Menu......................................... 558

16.8.1 Introduction to the “Colors” Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 558

16.8.2 ColorBalance........................................ 559

16.8.3 ColorTemperature ..................................... 561

16.8.4 HueChroma ........................................ 561

16.8.5 Hue-Saturation ....................................... 562

16.8.6 Saturation .......................................... 564

16.8.7 Exposure........................................... 564

16.8.8 Shadows-Highlights .................................... 565

16.8.9 Brightness-Contrast .................................... 566

16.8.10Levels ............................................ 567

16.8.11Curves............................................ 572

16.8.12Invert............................................. 576

16.8.13LinearInvert......................................... 577

16.8.14ValueInvert ......................................... 577

16.8.15The“Auto”Submenu.................................... 578

16.8.16Equalize ........................................... 580

16.8.17WhiteBalance........................................ 580

16.8.18StretchContrast....................................... 581

16.8.19StretchHSV......................................... 582

16.8.20ColorEnhance ....................................... 582

16.8.21ColorEnhance(legacy)................................... 583

16.8.22 The “Components” Submenu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 583

16.8.23ChannelMixer ....................................... 584

16.8.24ExtractComponent..................................... 587

16.8.25MonoMixer......................................... 588

16.8.26Compose........................................... 589

16.8.27Decompose......................................... 591

16.8.28Recompose ......................................... 593

16.8.29ColortoGray ........................................ 593

16.8.30Desaturate.......................................... 593

16.8.31Sepia............................................. 597

16.8.32The“Map”Submenu.................................... 598

16.8.33RearrangeColormap.................................... 599

16.8.34SetColormap ........................................ 600

16.8.35AlienMap.......................................... 600

16.8.36ColorExchange....................................... 601

16.8.37RotateColors ........................................ 602

16.8.38GradientMap........................................ 605

16.8.39PaletteMap ......................................... 606

16.8.40SampleColorize ...................................... 607

16.8.41Fattaletal.2002....................................... 609

16.8.42Mantiuk2006 ........................................ 609

16.8.43Reinhard2005........................................ 609

xi

CONTENTS

16.8.44Stress............................................. 609

16.8.45Retinex............................................ 609

16.8.46The“Info”Submenu.................................... 610

16.8.47Histogram.......................................... 611

16.8.48BorderAverage....................................... 612

16.8.49ColorcubeAnalysis..................................... 613

16.8.50ExportHistogram...................................... 614

16.8.51SmoothPalette ....................................... 615

16.8.52Threshold .......................................... 615

16.8.53Colorize ........................................... 619

16.8.54Posterize........................................... 620

16.8.55ColortoAlpha… ...................................... 621

16.8.56Dither ............................................ 625

16.8.57RGBClip........................................... 625

16.8.58Hot…............................................. 625

16.9The“Tools”Menu.......................................... 626

16.9.1 Introduction to the “Tools” Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 626

16.10The“Filters”Menu ......................................... 627

16.10.1 Introduction to the “Filters” Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 627

16.10.2RepeatLast ......................................... 627

16.10.3Re-showLast ........................................ 628

16.10.4ResetAllFilters....................................... 628

16.10.5The“Python-Fu”Submenu ................................ 629

16.10.6The“Script-Fu”Submenu................................. 631

16.11“Windows”Menu.......................................... 633

16.12The“Help”Menu.......................................... 634

16.12.1 Introduction to the “Help” Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 634

16.12.2Help ............................................. 635

16.12.3ContextHelp ........................................ 635

16.12.4TipoftheDay........................................ 635

16.12.5About ............................................ 636

16.12.6Plug-InBrowser....................................... 637

16.12.7TheProcedureBrowser .................................. 638

16.12.8GIMPonline......................................... 639

17 Filters 641

17.1 Introduction............................................. 641

17.2 CommonFeatures.......................................... 641

17.3 BlurFilters.............................................. 643

17.3.1 Introduction......................................... 643

17.3.2 GaussianBlur........................................ 645

17.3.3 MeanCurvatureBlur.................................... 646

17.3.4 MedianBlur......................................... 649

17.3.5 Pixelize............................................ 652

17.3.6 SelectiveGaussianBlur .................................. 653

17.3.7 CircularMotionBlur.................................... 654

17.3.8 LinearMotionBlur..................................... 655

17.3.9 ZoomMotionBlur ..................................... 656

17.3.10TileableBlur......................................... 658

17.4 EnhanceFilters ........................................... 659

17.4.1 Introduction......................................... 659

17.4.2 Antialias........................................... 659

17.4.3 Deinterlace ......................................... 661

17.4.4 HighPass .......................................... 662

17.4.5 NoiseReduction ...................................... 664

17.4.6 RedEyeRemoval...................................... 667

17.4.7 Symmetric Nearest Neighbor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 667

17.4.8 Sharpen(UnsharpMask) ................................. 668

17.4.9 Despeckle .......................................... 671

xii

CONTENTS

17.4.10Destripe ........................................... 672

17.4.11NLFilter........................................... 673

17.4.12WaveletDecompose .................................... 675

17.5 DistortFilters ............................................ 677

17.5.1 Introduction......................................... 677

17.5.2 ApplyLens ......................................... 678

17.5.3 Emboss............................................ 679

17.5.4 Engrave ........................................... 681

17.5.5 LensDistortion ....................................... 682

17.5.6 Mosaic............................................ 685

17.5.7 PolarCoordinates...................................... 687

17.5.8 Ripple ............................................ 689

17.5.9 Shift ............................................. 692

17.5.10Spherize........................................... 693

17.5.11ValuePropagate....................................... 696

17.5.12Video............................................. 699

17.5.13Waves ............................................ 700

17.5.14WhirlandPinch....................................... 702

17.5.15Wind............................................. 704

17.5.16CurveBend ......................................... 706

17.5.17Emboss(legacy)....................................... 708

17.5.18Newsprint.......................................... 709

17.5.19PageCurl .......................................... 711

17.6 LightandShadowFilters...................................... 713

17.6.1 Introduction......................................... 713

17.6.2 Supernova.......................................... 713

17.6.3 LensFlare .......................................... 715

17.6.4 GradientFlare........................................ 716

17.6.5 LightingEffects....................................... 721

17.6.6 Sparkle............................................ 725

17.6.7 DropShadow........................................ 727

17.6.8 LongShadow ........................................ 729

17.6.9 Vignette ........................................... 731

17.6.10DropShadow(legacy) ................................... 734

17.6.11Perspective.......................................... 735

17.6.12Xach-Effect ......................................... 738

17.7 NoiseFilters ............................................. 739

17.7.1 Introduction......................................... 739

17.7.2 CIElchNoise ........................................ 740

17.7.3 HSVNoise.......................................... 741

17.7.4 Hurl ............................................. 742

17.7.5 Pick.............................................. 743

17.7.6 RGBNoise.......................................... 745

17.7.7 Slur.............................................. 746

17.7.8 Spread............................................ 748

17.8 Edge-DetectFilters ......................................... 749

17.8.1 Introduction......................................... 749

17.8.2 DifferenceofGaussians .................................. 750

17.8.3 Edge ............................................. 751

17.8.4 Laplace............................................ 754

17.8.5 Neon............................................. 755

17.8.6 Sobel............................................. 756

17.8.7 ImageGradient....................................... 757

17.9 GenericFilters............................................ 759

17.9.1 Introduction......................................... 759

17.9.2 ConvolutionMatrix..................................... 760

17.9.3 DistanceMap ........................................ 763

17.9.4 GEGLgraph......................................... 765

17.9.5 NormalMap......................................... 766

xiii

CONTENTS

17.9.6 Dilate............................................. 769

17.9.7 Erode............................................. 770

17.10CombineFilters ........................................... 770

17.10.1Introduction......................................... 770

17.10.2DepthMerge ........................................ 770

17.10.3Filmstrip........................................... 773

17.11ArtisticFilters ............................................ 775

17.11.1Introduction......................................... 775

17.11.2ApplyCanvas........................................ 775

17.11.3Cartoon ........................................... 777

17.11.4Cubism............................................ 778

17.11.5GlassTile .......................................... 780

17.11.6Oilify............................................. 781

17.11.7Photocopy.......................................... 783

17.11.8 Simple Linear Iterative Clustering (SLIC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 784

17.11.9Softglow........................................... 786

17.11.10Waterpixels ......................................... 787

17.11.11Cartoon(legacy) ...................................... 789

17.11.12Clothify ........................................... 790

17.11.13GIMPressionist ....................................... 791

17.11.14Oilify(legacy)........................................ 801

17.11.15Predator ........................................... 803

17.11.16Softglow(legacy)...................................... 804

17.11.17VanGogh(LIC)....................................... 805

17.11.18Weave ............................................ 808

17.12DecorFilters............................................. 810

17.12.1Introduction......................................... 810

17.12.2AddBevel .......................................... 810

17.12.3AddBorder ......................................... 812

17.12.4CoffeeStain ......................................... 813

17.12.5Fog.............................................. 814

17.12.6FuzzyBorder ........................................ 815

17.12.7OldPhoto .......................................... 817

17.12.8RoundCorners ....................................... 819

17.12.9Slide ............................................. 821

17.12.10StencilCarve ........................................ 822

17.12.11StencilChrome ....................................... 824

17.13MapFilters.............................................. 827

17.13.1Introduction......................................... 827

17.13.2BumpMap.......................................... 827

17.13.3Displace ........................................... 830

17.13.4FractalTrace......................................... 836

17.13.5Illusion............................................ 837

17.13.6LittlePlanet......................................... 838

17.13.7PanoramaProjection.................................... 841

17.13.8RecursiveTransform.................................... 843

17.13.9PaperTile .......................................... 846

17.13.10TileSeamless ........................................ 848

17.13.11FractalTrace(legacy).................................... 849

17.13.12MapObject ......................................... 850

17.13.13Tile.............................................. 854

17.14RenderingFilters .......................................... 855

17.14.1Introduction......................................... 855

17.14.2Flame............................................. 855

17.14.3FractalExplorer....................................... 859

17.14.4IFSFractal.......................................... 863

17.14.5CellNoise .......................................... 867

17.14.6PerlinNoise ......................................... 868

17.14.7Plasma............................................ 870

xiv

CONTENTS

17.14.8SimplexNoise........................................ 871

17.14.9SolidNoise ......................................... 872

17.14.10DifferenceClouds ..................................... 874

17.14.11BayerMatrix......................................... 875

17.14.12Checkerboard........................................ 877

17.14.13DiffractionPatterns..................................... 878

17.14.14Grid ............................................. 879

17.14.15Maze............................................. 881

17.14.16Sinus............................................. 882

17.14.17Checkerboard(legacy)................................... 884

17.14.18CMLExplorer........................................ 885

17.14.19Grid(legacy) ........................................ 890

17.14.20Jigsaw ............................................ 892

17.14.21Qbist............................................. 893

17.14.22Circuit ............................................ 894

17.14.23Gfig.............................................. 896

17.14.24Lava ............................................. 899

17.14.25LineNova .......................................... 900

17.14.26SphereDesigner ...................................... 902

17.14.27Spyrogimp.......................................... 904

17.15WebFilters.............................................. 910

17.15.1Introduction......................................... 910

17.15.2ImageMap.......................................... 910

17.15.3Semi-Flatten......................................... 915

17.15.4Slice ............................................. 916

17.16AnimationFilters .......................................... 919

17.16.1Introduction......................................... 919

17.16.2Blend............................................. 919

17.16.3Burn-In............................................ 920

17.16.4Rippling........................................... 922

17.16.5SpinningGlobe....................................... 923

17.16.6Waves ............................................ 924

17.16.7Optimize........................................... 925

17.16.8Playback........................................... 926

IV Keys and Mouse Reference 927

17.17File .................................................. 929

17.18Edit.................................................. 929

17.19Select ................................................. 930

17.20View ................................................. 931

17.21Image................................................. 932

17.22Layers................................................. 932

17.23Tools ................................................. 932

17.24Filters................................................. 934

17.25Windows............................................... 934

17.26Help ................................................. 935

17.27Zoomtool .............................................. 935

V Glossary 937

VI Bibliography 959

17.28Books................................................. 961

17.29Onlineresources........................................... 961

xv

CONTENTS

VII GIMP History 965

.1 TheVeryBeginning......................................... 967

.2 TheEarlyDaysofGIMP ...................................... 967

.3 TheOnetoChangetheWorld................................... 968

.4 Version2.0.............................................. 968

.5 What’sNewinGIMP2.2? ..................................... 971

.6 What’sNewinGIMP2.4? ..................................... 972

.7 What’sNewinGIMP2.6? ..................................... 974

.8 What’sNewinGIMP2.8? ..................................... 978

.9 What’snewinGIMP2.10?..................................... 985

VIII Reporting Bugs and Requesting Enhancements 991

.10 Makingsureit’saBug ....................................... 993

.10.1 FindaSpecificBug..................................... 993

.11 ReportingtheBug.......................................... 994

IX How to Contribute 995

.12 Prerequisites............................................. 997

.12.1 Joinourmailinglist .................................... 997

.12.2 Create a Local Working Copy of Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 997

.12.3 Installingyoursandbox .................................. 997

.12.4 Thegimp-helpfolder.................................... 997

.13 Workflow............................................... 997

.13.1 Writing............................................ 997

.13.2 Validating .......................................... 998

.13.3 Images............................................ 998

.13.4 CreateHTMLFiles..................................... 999

.13.5 Sendingyourfiles ..................................... 999

.14 Annexes ............................................... 1000

.15 WorkingunderWindows ..................................... 1000

.15.1 Adapting Cygwin to use with GIMP documentation tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1001

X Tone Mapping and Shadow Recovery Using GIMP’s ‘Colors/Exposure’ 1003

.16 High bit depth GIMP’s floating point “Colors/Exposure”: much better than Curves for

lightening the shadows and midtones of an image without blowing the highlights . . . . 1005

.17 A step-by-step example showing how to recover shadow information using high bit depth

GIMP’s floating point “Colors/Exposure” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1006

.18 UseNotes .............................................. 1013

.19 Conclusion.............................................. 1020

XI GNU Free Documentation License 1023

.20 PREAMBLE ............................................. 1025

.21 APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1025

.22 VERBATIMCOPYING ....................................... 1026

.23 COPYINGINQUANTITY..................................... 1026

.24 MODIFICATIONS ......................................... 1027

.25 COMBININGDOCUMENTS ................................... 1028

.26 COLLECTIONSOFDOCUMENTS................................ 1028

.27 AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1028

.28 TRANSLATION........................................... 1028

.29 TERMINATION........................................... 1029

.30 FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1029

.31 ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1029

xvi

CONTENTS

XII Eeek! There is Missing Help 1031

Index 1035

xvii

List of Examples

16.1 Cropmarks ............................................. 592

17.1 Simple “Slice” filter example output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 916

17.2 Withseparateimagefolder..................................... 917

17.3 Spacebetweentableelements................................... 917

17.4 JavaScriptcodesnippet....................................... 918

17.5 Skipped animation for table caps (simplified HTML code) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 918

xix

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Gimp Version 2.10 User manual

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