Dell PowerSwitch S4820T User guide

Dell Configuration Guide for the S4820T System

9.11(0.0)

Notes, cautions, and warnings

NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your product.

CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the problem.

WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.

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2017 - 01

Rev. A00

Contents

1 About this Guide...........................................................................................................................................34

Audience............................................................................................................................................................................34

Conventions......................................................................................................................................................................34

Related Documents......................................................................................................................................................... 34

2 Configuration Fundamentals........................................................................................................................35

Accessing the Command Line........................................................................................................................................35

CLI Modes.........................................................................................................................................................................35

Navigating CLI Modes............................................................................................................................................... 37

The do Command............................................................................................................................................................ 40

Undoing Commands........................................................................................................................................................ 40

Obtaining Help...................................................................................................................................................................41

Entering and Editing Commands.................................................................................................................................... 41

Command History............................................................................................................................................................42

Filtering show Command Outputs.................................................................................................................................42

Example of the grep Keyword..................................................................................................................................42

Multiple Users in Configuration Mode...........................................................................................................................43

3 Getting Started........................................................................................................................................... 44

Console Access................................................................................................................................................................45

Serial Console.............................................................................................................................................................45

Accessing the CLI Interface and Running Scripts Using SSH................................................................................... 46

Entering CLI commands Using an SSH Connection..............................................................................................46

Executing Local CLI Scripts Using an SSH Connection........................................................................................46

Default Configuration...................................................................................................................................................... 47

Configuring a Host Name................................................................................................................................................47

Accessing the System Remotely................................................................................................................................... 47

Accessing the System Remotely............................................................................................................................. 47

Configure the Management Port IP Address.........................................................................................................48

Configure a Management Route............................................................................................................................. 48

Configuring a Username and Password..................................................................................................................48

Configuring the Enable Password................................................................................................................................. 49

Configuration File Management.....................................................................................................................................49

Copy Files to and from the System.........................................................................................................................49

Mounting an NFS File System................................................................................................................................. 50

Save the Running-Configuration............................................................................................................................. 52

Configure the Overload Bit for a Startup Scenario...............................................................................................52

Viewing Files...............................................................................................................................................................52

Managing the File System.............................................................................................................................................. 53

Enabling Software Features on Devices Using a Command Option.........................................................................54

View Command History.................................................................................................................................................. 54

Upgrading Dell Networking OS......................................................................................................................................55

Contents

3

Using HTTP for File Transfers....................................................................................................................................... 55

Verify Software Images Before Installation..................................................................................................................55

4 Management................................................................................................................................................57

Configuring Privilege Levels........................................................................................................................................... 57

Creating a Custom Privilege Level.......................................................................................................................... 58

Removing a Command from EXEC Mode..............................................................................................................58

Moving a Command from EXEC Privilege Mode to EXEC Mode....................................................................... 58

Allowing Access to CONFIGURATION Mode Commands................................................................................... 58

Allowing Access to Different Modes.......................................................................................................................58

Applying a Privilege Level to a Username...............................................................................................................60

Applying a Privilege Level to a Terminal Line......................................................................................................... 60

Configuring Logging........................................................................................................................................................ 60

Audit and Security Logs.............................................................................................................................................61

Configuring Logging Format .................................................................................................................................. 63

Display the Logging Buffer and the Logging Configuration................................................................................. 63

Setting Up a Secure Connection to a Syslog Server............................................................................................ 64

Log Messages in the Internal Buffer.............................................................................................................................65

Configuration Task List for System Log Management.........................................................................................65

Disabling System Logging...............................................................................................................................................65

Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server............................................................................................................65

Configuring a UNIX System as a Syslog Server.................................................................................................... 66

Track Login Activity.........................................................................................................................................................66

Restrictions for Tracking Login Activity..................................................................................................................66

Configuring Login Activity Tracking........................................................................................................................ 66

Display Login Statistics..............................................................................................................................................67

Limit Concurrent Login Sessions................................................................................................................................... 68

Restrictions for Limiting the Number of Concurrent Sessions............................................................................68

Configuring Concurrent Session Limit.................................................................................................................... 68

Enabling the System to Clear Existing Sessions....................................................................................................69

Enabling Secured CLI Mode........................................................................................................................................... 70

Changing System Logging Settings.............................................................................................................................. 70

Display the Logging Buffer and the Logging Configuration........................................................................................ 71

Configuring a UNIX Logging Facility Level.................................................................................................................... 71

Synchronizing Log Messages.........................................................................................................................................72

Enabling Timestamp on Syslog Messages.................................................................................................................... 73

File Transfer Services......................................................................................................................................................73

Configuration Task List for File Transfer Services.................................................................................................74

Enabling the FTP Server........................................................................................................................................... 74

Configuring FTP Server Parameters....................................................................................................................... 74

Configuring FTP Client Parameters.........................................................................................................................75

Terminal Lines...................................................................................................................................................................75

Denying and Permitting Access to a Terminal Line............................................................................................... 75

Configuring Login Authentication for Terminal Lines............................................................................................ 76

Setting Timeout for EXEC Privilege Mode................................................................................................................... 77

Using Telnet to get to Another Network Device.........................................................................................................78

4

Contents

Lock CONFIGURATION Mode.......................................................................................................................................78

Viewing the Configuration Lock Status.................................................................................................................. 78

Recovering from a Forgotten Password.......................................................................................................................79

Recovering from a Forgotten Enable Password....................................................................................................80

Recovering from a Failed Start.......................................................................................................................................81

Restoring the Factory Default Settings.........................................................................................................................81

Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................81

Restoring Factory Default Environment Variables................................................................................................ 82

5 802.1X......................................................................................................................................................... 84

Port-Authentication Process..........................................................................................................................................86

EAP over RADIUS......................................................................................................................................................86

Configuring 802.1X...........................................................................................................................................................87

Related Configuration Tasks.....................................................................................................................................87

Important Points to Remember..................................................................................................................................... 87

Enabling 802.1X................................................................................................................................................................88

Configuring MAC addresses for a do1x Profile............................................................................................................ 89

Configuring Request Identity Re-Transmissions......................................................................................................... 90

Configuring a Quiet Period after a Failed Authentication.....................................................................................90

Forcibly Authorizing or Unauthorizing a Port................................................................................................................91

Re-Authenticating a Port................................................................................................................................................92

Configuring Timeouts......................................................................................................................................................93

Configuring Dynamic VLAN Assignment with Port Authentication.......................................................................... 94

Guest and Authentication-Fail VLANs.......................................................................................................................... 95

Configuring a Guest VLAN....................................................................................................................................... 95

Configuring an Authentication-Fail VLAN.............................................................................................................. 95

Configuring dot1x Profile ............................................................................................................................................... 96

Configuring the Static MAB and MAB Profile .............................................................................................................97

Configuring Critical VLAN ..............................................................................................................................................98

6 Access Control List (ACL) VLAN Groups and Content Addressable Memory (CAM)...................................99

Optimizing CAM Utilization During the Attachment of ACLs to VLANs..................................................................99

Guidelines for Configuring ACL VLAN Groups...........................................................................................................100

Configuring ACL VLAN Groups and Configuring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters..............................................100

Configuring ACL VLAN Groups..............................................................................................................................100

Configuring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters....................................................................................................... 101

Viewing CAM Usage...................................................................................................................................................... 102

Allocating FP Blocks for VLAN Processes.................................................................................................................. 103

7 Access Control Lists (ACLs)...................................................................................................................... 105

IP Access Control Lists (ACLs)....................................................................................................................................106

CAM Usage............................................................................................................................................................... 107

Implementing ACLs on Dell Networking OS..........................................................................................................107

IP Fragment Handling.................................................................................................................................................... 109

IP Fragments ACL Examples.................................................................................................................................. 109

Layer 4 ACL Rules Examples.................................................................................................................................. 109

Contents

5

Configure a Standard IP ACL........................................................................................................................................ 110

Configuring a Standard IP ACL Filter...................................................................................................................... 111

Configure an Extended IP ACL......................................................................................................................................112

Configuring Filters with a Sequence Number........................................................................................................112

Configuring Filters Without a Sequence Number................................................................................................. 113

Configure Layer 2 and Layer 3 ACLs............................................................................................................................114

Assign an IP ACL to an Interface.................................................................................................................................. 115

Applying an IP ACL..........................................................................................................................................................115

Counting ACL Hits.................................................................................................................................................... 116

Configure Ingress ACLs..................................................................................................................................................116

Configure Egress ACLs.................................................................................................................................................. 116

Applying Egress Layer 3 ACLs (Control-Plane).................................................................................................... 117

IP Prefix Lists...................................................................................................................................................................118

Implementation Information.....................................................................................................................................118

Configuration Task List for Prefix Lists..................................................................................................................118

ACL Resequencing.........................................................................................................................................................122

Resequencing an ACL or Prefix List...................................................................................................................... 122

Route Maps.....................................................................................................................................................................124

Implementation Information.................................................................................................................................... 124

Important Points to Remember....................................................................................................................................124

Configuration Task List for Route Maps............................................................................................................... 124

Configuring Match Routes......................................................................................................................................126

Configuring Set Conditions..................................................................................................................................... 128

Configure a Route Map for Route Redistribution................................................................................................ 129

Configure a Route Map for Route Tagging.......................................................................................................... 129

Continue Clause........................................................................................................................................................130

Logging of ACL Processes............................................................................................................................................130

Guidelines for Configuring ACL Logging................................................................................................................ 131

Configuring ACL Logging......................................................................................................................................... 131

Flow-Based Monitoring Support for ACLs..................................................................................................................132

Behavior of Flow-Based Monitoring...................................................................................................................... 132

Enabling Flow-Based Monitoring............................................................................................................................133

8 Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD)..................................................................................................135

How BFD Works.............................................................................................................................................................135

BFD Packet Format................................................................................................................................................. 136

BFD Sessions............................................................................................................................................................ 137

BFD Three-Way Handshake................................................................................................................................... 138

Session State Changes............................................................................................................................................140

Important Points to Remember....................................................................................................................................140

Configure BFD................................................................................................................................................................ 140

Configure BFD for Physical Ports...........................................................................................................................141

Configure BFD for Static Routes........................................................................................................................... 142

Configure BFD for OSPF.........................................................................................................................................145

Configure BFD for OSPFv3.................................................................................................................................... 148

Configure BFD for IS-IS...........................................................................................................................................149

6

Contents

Configure BFD for BGP............................................................................................................................................151

Configure BFD for VRRP........................................................................................................................................ 158

Configuring Protocol Liveness.................................................................................................................................161

Troubleshooting BFD................................................................................................................................................161

9 Border Gateway Protocol IPv4 (BGPv4)....................................................................................................163

Autonomous Systems (AS)...........................................................................................................................................163

Sessions and Peers........................................................................................................................................................ 165

Establish a Session...................................................................................................................................................165

Route Reflectors............................................................................................................................................................ 166

BGP Attributes................................................................................................................................................................167

Best Path Selection Criteria....................................................................................................................................168

Weight....................................................................................................................................................................... 169

Local Preference...................................................................................................................................................... 169

Multi-Exit Discriminators (MEDs).......................................................................................................................... 170

Origin...........................................................................................................................................................................171

AS Path......................................................................................................................................................................172

Next Hop................................................................................................................................................................... 172

Multiprotocol BGP..........................................................................................................................................................172

Implement BGP with Dell Networking OS...................................................................................................................173

Additional Path (Add-Path) Support..................................................................................................................... 173

Advertise IGP Cost as MED for Redistributed Routes........................................................................................ 173

Ignore Router-ID in Best-Path Calculation............................................................................................................174

Four-Byte AS Numbers........................................................................................................................................... 174

AS4 Number Representation.................................................................................................................................. 174

AS Number Migration.............................................................................................................................................. 176

BGP4 Management Information Base (MIB)........................................................................................................177

Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 177

Configuration Information............................................................................................................................................. 178

BGP Configuration......................................................................................................................................................... 178

Enabling BGP............................................................................................................................................................ 179

Configuring AS4 Number Representations...........................................................................................................182

Configuring Peer Groups.........................................................................................................................................184

Configuring BGP Fast Fall-Over.............................................................................................................................186

Configuring Passive Peering................................................................................................................................... 188

Maintaining Existing AS Numbers During an AS Migration.................................................................................188

Allowing an AS Number to Appear in its Own AS Path.......................................................................................189

Enabling Graceful Restart....................................................................................................................................... 190

Enabling Neighbor Graceful Restart.......................................................................................................................191

Filtering on an AS-Path Attribute........................................................................................................................... 191

Regular Expressions as Filters................................................................................................................................ 193

Redistributing Routes.............................................................................................................................................. 194

Enabling Additional Paths........................................................................................................................................195

Configuring IP Community Lists.............................................................................................................................195

Configuring an IP Extended Community List........................................................................................................196

Filtering Routes with Community Lists..................................................................................................................197

Contents

7

Manipulating the COMMUNITY Attribute.............................................................................................................198

Changing MED Attributes.......................................................................................................................................199

Changing the LOCAL_PREFERENCE Attribute..................................................................................................199

Configuring the local System or a Different System to be the Next Hop for BGP-Learned Routes...........200

Changing the WEIGHT Attribute........................................................................................................................... 201

Enabling Multipath....................................................................................................................................................201

Filtering BGP Routes............................................................................................................................................... 201

Filtering BGP Routes Using Route Maps............................................................................................................. 203

Filtering BGP Routes Using AS-PATH Information.............................................................................................203

Configuring BGP Route Reflectors....................................................................................................................... 204

Aggregating Routes................................................................................................................................................ 205

Configuring BGP Confederations..........................................................................................................................205

Enabling Route Flap Dampening............................................................................................................................206

Changing BGP Timers.............................................................................................................................................208

Enabling BGP Neighbor Soft-Reconfiguration.................................................................................................... 208

Enabling or disabling BGP neighbors.....................................................................................................................209

Route Map Continue.................................................................................................................................................211

Enabling MBGP Configurations.....................................................................................................................................211

BGP Regular Expression Optimization.........................................................................................................................212

Debugging BGP.............................................................................................................................................................. 212

Storing Last and Bad PDUs.................................................................................................................................... 213

Capturing PDUs........................................................................................................................................................214

PDU Counters...........................................................................................................................................................215

Sample Configurations...................................................................................................................................................215

10 Content Addressable Memory (CAM)...................................................................................................... 222

CAM Allocation.............................................................................................................................................................. 222

Test CAM Usage........................................................................................................................................................... 224

View CAM Profiles.........................................................................................................................................................224

View CAM-ACL Settings..............................................................................................................................................225

View CAM Usage...........................................................................................................................................................226

CAM Optimization......................................................................................................................................................... 227

Troubleshoot CAM Profiling......................................................................................................................................... 227

QoS CAM Region Limitation...................................................................................................................................227

11 Control Plane Policing (CoPP)..................................................................................................................228

Configure Control Plane Policing.................................................................................................................................229

Configuring CoPP for Protocols............................................................................................................................230

Configuring CoPP for CPU Queues...................................................................................................................... 232

CoPP for OSPFv3 Packets.................................................................................................................................... 233

Configuring CoPP for OSPFv3..............................................................................................................................236

Displaying CoPP Configuration .............................................................................................................................236

12 Data Center Bridging (DCB).....................................................................................................................239

Ethernet Enhancements in Data Center Bridging.....................................................................................................239

Priority-Based Flow Control...................................................................................................................................240

8

Contents

Enhanced Transmission Selection..........................................................................................................................241

Data Center Bridging Exchange Protocol (DCBx).............................................................................................. 242

Data Center Bridging in a Traffic Flow................................................................................................................. 243

Enabling Data Center Bridging.....................................................................................................................................243

DCB Maps and its Attributes................................................................................................................................. 244

Data Center Bridging: Default Configuration.............................................................................................................245

Configuring Priority-Based Flow Control....................................................................................................................245

Configuring Lossless Queues................................................................................................................................. 246

Configuring PFC in a DCB Map................................................................................................................................... 247

PFC Configuration Notes....................................................................................................................................... 247

PFC Prerequisites and Restrictions.......................................................................................................................248

Applying a DCB Map on a Port.................................................................................................................................... 248

Configuring PFC without a DCB Map.........................................................................................................................249

Configuring Lossless QueuesExample:................................................................................................................. 249

Priority-Based Flow Control Using Dynamic Buffer Method....................................................................................251

Pause and Resume of Traffic................................................................................................................................. 251

Buffer Sizes for Lossless or PFC Packets............................................................................................................ 251

Behavior of Tagged Packets........................................................................................................................................252

Configuration Example for DSCP and PFC Priorities............................................................................................... 252

Using PFC to Manage Converged Ethernet Traffic................................................................................................. 253

Configure Enhanced Transmission Selection.............................................................................................................253

ETS Prerequisites and Restrictions.......................................................................................................................253

Creating an ETS Priority Group............................................................................................................................. 253

ETS Operation with DCBx......................................................................................................................................255

Configuring Bandwidth Allocation for DCBx CIN................................................................................................ 255

Configuring ETS in a DCB Map............................................................................................................................. 256

Hierarchical Scheduling in ETS Output Policies.........................................................................................................257

Using ETS to Manage Converged Ethernet Traffic..................................................................................................258

Applying DCB Policies in a Switch Stack....................................................................................................................258

Configure a DCBx Operation....................................................................................................................................... 258

DCBx Operation.......................................................................................................................................................258

DCBx Port Roles......................................................................................................................................................259

DCB Configuration Exchange................................................................................................................................ 260

Configuration Source Election...............................................................................................................................260

Propagation of DCB Information............................................................................................................................261

Auto-Detection and Manual Configuration of the DCBx Version...................................................................... 261

DCBx Example......................................................................................................................................................... 262

DCBx Prerequisites and Restrictions.................................................................................................................... 262

Configuring DCBx....................................................................................................................................................262

Verifying the DCB Configuration.................................................................................................................................266

Sample DCB Configuration...........................................................................................................................................274

PFC and ETS Configuration Command Examples...............................................................................................276

QoS dot1p Traffic Classification and Queue Assignment......................................................................................... 276

Configuring the Dynamic Buffer Method................................................................................................................... 277

13 Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP).........................................................................................279

Contents

9

DHCP Packet Format and Options............................................................................................................................. 279

Assign an IP Address using DHCP............................................................................................................................... 281

Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 282

Configure the System to be a DHCP Server............................................................................................................. 282

Configuring the Server for Automatic Address Allocation................................................................................. 283

Specifying a Default Gateway................................................................................................................................284

Configure a Method of Hostname Resolution..................................................................................................... 284

Using DNS for Address Resolution........................................................................................................................284

Using NetBIOS WINS for Address Resolution.....................................................................................................285

Creating Manual Binding Entries........................................................................................................................... 285

Debugging the DHCP Server.................................................................................................................................285

Using DHCP Clear Commands.............................................................................................................................. 286

Configure the System to be a Relay Agent................................................................................................................286

Configure the System to be a DHCP Client...............................................................................................................288

DHCP Client Operation with Other Features...................................................................................................... 288

DHCP Client on a Management Interface............................................................................................................289

Configure the System for User Port Stacking (Option 230)...................................................................................290

Configure Secure DHCP...............................................................................................................................................290

Option 82..................................................................................................................................................................290

DHCP Snooping........................................................................................................................................................291

Configuring the DHCP secondary-subnet............................................................................................................294

Drop DHCP Packets on Snooped VLANs Only................................................................................................... 295

Dynamic ARP Inspection........................................................................................................................................ 295

Configuring Dynamic ARP Inspection................................................................................................................... 296

Source Address Validation............................................................................................................................................297

Enabling IP Source Address Validation..................................................................................................................297

DHCP MAC Source Address Validation................................................................................................................298

Enabling IP+MAC Source Address Validation......................................................................................................298

Viewing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets...................................................................................................299

Clearing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets.................................................................................................. 299

14 Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP)................................................................................................................300

ECMP for Flow-Based Affinity.................................................................................................................................... 300

Configuring the Hash Algorithm............................................................................................................................ 300

Enabling Deterministic ECMP Next Hop..............................................................................................................300

Configuring the Hash Algorithm Seed...................................................................................................................301

Link Bundle Monitoring..................................................................................................................................................301

Managing ECMP Group Paths.............................................................................................................................. 302

Creating an ECMP Group Bundle..........................................................................................................................302

Modifying the ECMP Group Threshold................................................................................................................ 302

RTAG7.............................................................................................................................................................................303

Flow-based Hashing for ECMP................................................................................................................................... 304

15 FIP Snooping............................................................................................................................................307

Fibre Channel over Ethernet........................................................................................................................................307

Ensure Robustness in a Converged Ethernet Network............................................................................................307

10

Contents

FIP Snooping on Ethernet Bridges..............................................................................................................................309

FIP Snooping in a Switch Stack.................................................................................................................................... 311

Using FIP Snooping.........................................................................................................................................................311

FIP Snooping Prerequisites......................................................................................................................................311

Important Points to Remember...............................................................................................................................311

Enabling the FCoE Transit Feature........................................................................................................................312

Enable FIP Snooping on VLANs..............................................................................................................................313

Configure the FC-MAP Value.................................................................................................................................313

Configure a Port for a Bridge-to-Bridge Link....................................................................................................... 313

Configure a Port for a Bridge-to-FCF Link........................................................................................................... 313

Impact on Other Software Features......................................................................................................................313

FIP Snooping Restrictions....................................................................................................................................... 314

Configuring FIP Snooping........................................................................................................................................314

Displaying FIP Snooping Information........................................................................................................................... 315

FCoE Transit Configuration Example..........................................................................................................................320

16 FIPS Cryptography...................................................................................................................................322

Configuration Tasks.......................................................................................................................................................322

Preparing the System................................................................................................................................................... 322

Enabling FIPS Mode...................................................................................................................................................... 323

Generating Host-Keys...................................................................................................................................................323

Monitoring FIPS Mode Status..................................................................................................................................... 323

Disabling FIPS Mode..................................................................................................................................................... 324

17 Force10 Resilient Ring Protocol (FRRP)...................................................................................................325

Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................325

Ring Status...............................................................................................................................................................326

Multiple FRRP Rings............................................................................................................................................... 326

Important FRRP Points...........................................................................................................................................327

Important FRRP Concepts.....................................................................................................................................328

Implementing FRRP.......................................................................................................................................................329

FRRP Configuration...................................................................................................................................................... 329

Creating the FRRP Group...................................................................................................................................... 329

Configuring the Control VLAN...............................................................................................................................330

Configuring and Adding the Member VLANs....................................................................................................... 331

Setting the FRRP Timers........................................................................................................................................332

Clearing the FRRP Counters..................................................................................................................................332

Viewing the FRRP Configuration...........................................................................................................................332

Viewing the FRRP Information.............................................................................................................................. 332

Troubleshooting FRRP..................................................................................................................................................333

Configuration Checks..............................................................................................................................................333

Sample Configuration and Topology........................................................................................................................... 333

FRRP Support on VLT.................................................................................................................................................. 334

Example Scenario.................................................................................................................................................... 335

Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................336

Contents

11

18 GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP)..............................................................................................337

Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................... 337

Configure GVRP............................................................................................................................................................ 338

Related Configuration Tasks.................................................................................................................................. 338

Enabling GVRP Globally................................................................................................................................................ 339

Enabling GVRP on a Layer 2 Interface....................................................................................................................... 339

Configure GVRP Registration...................................................................................................................................... 339

Configure a GARP Timer.............................................................................................................................................. 340

RPM Redundancy..........................................................................................................................................................340

19 High Availability (HA)............................................................................................................................... 342

Component Redundancy..............................................................................................................................................342

RPM Redundancy....................................................................................................................................................342

Automatic and Manual Stack Unit Failover.......................................................................................................... 344

Support for RPM Redundancy by Dell Networking OS Version........................................................................345

Synchronization between Management and Standby Units............................................................................. 345

Configuring RPM Redundancy.............................................................................................................................. 345

Online Insertion and Removal.......................................................................................................................................346

RPM Online Insertion and Removal.......................................................................................................................347

Linecard Online Insertion and Removal.................................................................................................................347

Hitless Behavior............................................................................................................................................................. 348

Graceful Restart............................................................................................................................................................ 349

Software Resiliency.......................................................................................................................................................349

Software Component Health Monitoring.............................................................................................................349

System Health Monitoring......................................................................................................................................349

Failure and Event Logging......................................................................................................................................349

Hot-Lock Behavior........................................................................................................................................................ 350

Process Restartability................................................................................................................................................... 350

Enabling Process Restartability.............................................................................................................................. 351

20 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP)........................................................................................ 352

IGMP Implementation Information.............................................................................................................................. 352

IGMP Protocol Overview............................................................................................................................................. 352

IGMP Version 2........................................................................................................................................................352

IGMP Version 3........................................................................................................................................................354

Configure IGMP............................................................................................................................................................. 357

Related Configuration Tasks.................................................................................................................................. 357

Viewing IGMP Enabled Interfaces...............................................................................................................................358

Selecting an IGMP Version...........................................................................................................................................358

Viewing IGMP Groups...................................................................................................................................................358

Adjusting Timers............................................................................................................................................................ 359

Adjusting Query and Response Timers.................................................................................................................359

Enabling IGMP Immediate-Leave................................................................................................................................360

IGMP Snooping..............................................................................................................................................................360

IGMP Snooping Implementation Information.......................................................................................................360

12

Contents

Configuring IGMP Snooping.................................................................................................................................. 360

Removing a Group-Port Association..................................................................................................................... 361

Disabling Multicast Flooding....................................................................................................................................361

Specifying a Port as Connected to a Multicast Router......................................................................................362

Configuring the Switch as Querier........................................................................................................................ 362

Fast Convergence after MSTP Topology Changes..................................................................................................363

Egress Interface Selection (EIS) for HTTP and IGMP Applications....................................................................... 363

Protocol Separation.................................................................................................................................................363

Enabling and Disabling Management Egress Interface Selection......................................................................364

Handling of Management Route Configuration...................................................................................................365

Handling of Switch-Initiated Traffic......................................................................................................................366

Handling of Switch-Destined Traffic.....................................................................................................................366

Handling of Transit Traffic (Traffic Separation)..................................................................................................367

Mapping of Management Applications and Traffic Type................................................................................... 367

Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Initiated Traffic ...........................................................................368

Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Destined Traffic .........................................................................369

Interworking of EIS With Various Applications.....................................................................................................370

Designating a Multicast Router Interface....................................................................................................................371

21 Interfaces................................................................................................................................................. 372

Basic Interface Configuration.......................................................................................................................................372

Advanced Interface Configuration...............................................................................................................................372

Interface Types.............................................................................................................................................................. 373

View Basic Interface Information.................................................................................................................................373

Resetting an Interface to its Factory Default State..................................................................................................375

Enabling Energy Efficient Ethernet............................................................................................................................. 376

View EEE Information................................................................................................................................................... 376

Clear EEE Counters.......................................................................................................................................................380

Enabling a Physical Interface........................................................................................................................................ 381

Physical Interfaces......................................................................................................................................................... 381

Configuration Task List for Physical Interfaces...................................................................................................382

Overview of Layer Modes...................................................................................................................................... 382

Configuring Layer 2 (Data Link) Mode................................................................................................................. 382

Configuring Layer 2 (Interface) Mode..................................................................................................................383

Configuring Layer 3 (Network) Mode.................................................................................................................. 383

Configuring Layer 3 (Interface) Mode..................................................................................................................384

Egress Interface Selection (EIS)................................................................................................................................. 384

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 384

Configuring EIS........................................................................................................................................................ 385

Management Interfaces............................................................................................................................................... 385

Configuring Management Interfaces.................................................................................................................... 385

Configuring a Management Interface on an Ethernet Port............................................................................... 387

VLAN Interfaces.............................................................................................................................................................387

Loopback Interfaces......................................................................................................................................................388

Null Interfaces................................................................................................................................................................389

Port Channel Interfaces................................................................................................................................................389

Contents

13

Port Channel Definition and Standards................................................................................................................ 389

Port Channel Benefits.............................................................................................................................................389

Port Channel Implementation................................................................................................................................ 389

Interfaces in Port Channels....................................................................................................................................390

Configuration Tasks for Port Channel Interfaces................................................................................................390

Creating a Port Channel..........................................................................................................................................391

Adding a Physical Interface to a Port Channel.....................................................................................................391

Reassigning an Interface to a New Port Channel............................................................................................... 393

Configuring the Minimum Oper Up Links in a Port Channel.............................................................................. 393

Adding or Removing a Port Channel from a VLAN.............................................................................................394

Assigning an IP Address to a Port Channel..........................................................................................................395

Deleting or Disabling a Port Channel.....................................................................................................................395

Load Balancing Through Port Channels............................................................................................................... 395

Changing the Hash Algorithm................................................................................................................................396

Bulk Configuration......................................................................................................................................................... 397

Interface Range........................................................................................................................................................397

Bulk Configuration Examples..................................................................................................................................397

Defining Interface Range Macros................................................................................................................................399

Define the Interface Range....................................................................................................................................399

Choosing an Interface-Range Macro....................................................................................................................399

Monitoring and Maintaining Interfaces.......................................................................................................................399

Maintenance Using TDR.........................................................................................................................................400

Configuring wavelength for 10–Gigabit SFP+ optics................................................................................................401

Link Dampening.............................................................................................................................................................. 401

Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................402

Enabling Link Dampening........................................................................................................................................402

Link Bundle Monitoring................................................................................................................................................. 403

Using Ethernet Pause Frames for Flow Control........................................................................................................404

Enabling Pause Frames...........................................................................................................................................405

Configure the MTU Size on an Interface................................................................................................................... 405

Port-Pipes...................................................................................................................................................................... 406

Auto-Negotiation on Ethernet Interfaces.................................................................................................................. 406

Setting the Speed of Ethernet Interfaces............................................................................................................406

Set Auto-Negotiation Options............................................................................................................................... 408

View Advanced Interface Information........................................................................................................................ 408

Configuring the Interface Sampling Size..............................................................................................................409

Configuring the Traffic Sampling Size Globally.......................................................................................................... 410

Dynamic Counters...........................................................................................................................................................411

Clearing Interface Counters....................................................................................................................................412

Compressing Configuration Files..................................................................................................................................412

22 Internet Protocol Security (IPSec)...........................................................................................................416

Configuring IPSec ..........................................................................................................................................................416

23 IPv4 Routing.............................................................................................................................................418

IP Addresses................................................................................................................................................................... 419

14

Contents

Implementation Information....................................................................................................................................419

Configuration Tasks for IP Addresses......................................................................................................................... 419

Assigning IP Addresses to an Interface.......................................................................................................................419

Configuring Static Routes............................................................................................................................................ 420

Configure Static Routes for the Management Interface.......................................................................................... 421

IPv4 Path MTU Discovery Overview.......................................................................................................................... 422

Using the Configured Source IP Address in ICMP Messages................................................................................. 422

Configuring the ICMP Source Interface...............................................................................................................422

Configuring the Duration to Establish a TCP Connection........................................................................................423

Enabling Directed Broadcast........................................................................................................................................423

Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................................................423

Enabling Dynamic Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................424

Specifying the Local System Domain and a List of Domains................................................................................... 424

Configuring DNS with Traceroute...............................................................................................................................425

ARP................................................................................................................................................................................. 425

Configuration Tasks for ARP....................................................................................................................................... 426

Configuring Static ARP Entries....................................................................................................................................426

Enabling Proxy ARP.......................................................................................................................................................426

Clearing ARP Cache...................................................................................................................................................... 427

ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP............................................................................................................................... 427

Enabling ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................427

ARP Learning via ARP Request................................................................................................................................... 427

Configuring ARP Retries...............................................................................................................................................428

ICMP............................................................................................................................................................................... 429

Configuration Tasks for ICMP..................................................................................................................................... 429

Enabling ICMP Unreachable Messages...................................................................................................................... 429

UDP Helper.....................................................................................................................................................................429

Configure UDP Helper............................................................................................................................................ 429

Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................430

Enabling UDP Helper.....................................................................................................................................................430

Configuring a Broadcast Address................................................................................................................................430

Configurations Using UDP Helper................................................................................................................................431

UDP Helper with Broadcast-All Addresses................................................................................................................. 431

UDP Helper with Subnet Broadcast Addresses........................................................................................................ 432

UDP Helper with Configured Broadcast Addresses..................................................................................................432

UDP Helper with No Configured Broadcast Addresses........................................................................................... 433

Troubleshooting UDP Helper....................................................................................................................................... 433

24 IPv6 Routing............................................................................................................................................434

Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................434

Extended Address Space....................................................................................................................................... 435

Stateless Autoconfiguration...................................................................................................................................435

IPv6 Headers............................................................................................................................................................435

IPv6 Header Fields...................................................................................................................................................436

Extension Header Fields..........................................................................................................................................438

Addressing................................................................................................................................................................439

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15

Implementing IPv6 with Dell Networking OS.............................................................................................................440

ICMPv6............................................................................................................................................................................441

Path MTU Discovery.....................................................................................................................................................442

IPv6 Neighbor Discovery.............................................................................................................................................. 442

IPv6 Neighbor Discovery of MTU Packets.......................................................................................................... 443

Configuration Task List for IPv6 RDNSS....................................................................................................................443

Configuring the IPv6 Recursive DNS Server....................................................................................................... 443

Debugging IPv6 RDNSS Information Sent to the Host .....................................................................................444

Displaying IPv6 RDNSS Information..................................................................................................................... 445

Secure Shell (SSH) Over an IPv6 Transport............................................................................................................. 445

Configuration Tasks for IPv6....................................................................................................................................... 446

Adjusting Your CAM-Profile................................................................................................................................... 446

Assigning an IPv6 Address to an Interface...........................................................................................................447

Assigning a Static IPv6 Route................................................................................................................................447

Configuring Telnet with IPv6................................................................................................................................. 448

SNMP over IPv6......................................................................................................................................................448

Displaying IPv6 Information....................................................................................................................................448

Displaying an IPv6 Interface Information..............................................................................................................449

Showing IPv6 Routes..............................................................................................................................................449

Showing the Running-Configuration for an Interface......................................................................................... 451

Clearing IPv6 Routes............................................................................................................................................... 451

Configuring IPv6 RA Guard...........................................................................................................................................451

Configuring IPv6 RA Guard on an Interface.........................................................................................................453

Monitoring IPv6 RA Guard..................................................................................................................................... 454

25 iSCSI Optimization.................................................................................................................................. 455

iSCSI Optimization Overview.......................................................................................................................................455

Monitoring iSCSI Traffic Flows.............................................................................................................................. 457

Application of Quality of Service to iSCSI Traffic Flows.................................................................................... 457

Information Monitored in iSCSI Traffic Flows......................................................................................................457

Detection and Auto-Configuration for Dell EqualLogic Arrays.......................................................................... 458

Configuring Detection and Ports for Dell Compellent Arrays............................................................................ 458

Synchronizing iSCSI Sessions Learned on VLT-Lags with VLT-Peer.............................................................. 459

Enable and Disable iSCSI Optimization.................................................................................................................459

Default iSCSI Optimization Values.............................................................................................................................. 460

iSCSI Optimization Prerequisites.................................................................................................................................460

Configuring iSCSI Optimization................................................................................................................................... 460

Displaying iSCSI Optimization Information................................................................................................................. 462

26 Intermediate System to Intermediate System..........................................................................................464

IS-IS Protocol Overview............................................................................................................................................... 464

IS-IS Addressing.............................................................................................................................................................464

Multi-Topology IS-IS..................................................................................................................................................... 465

Transition Mode.......................................................................................................................................................465

Interface Support.................................................................................................................................................... 466

Adjacencies...............................................................................................................................................................466

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Graceful Restart............................................................................................................................................................ 466

Timers....................................................................................................................................................................... 466

Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 466

Configuration Information.............................................................................................................................................467

Configuration Tasks for IS-IS.................................................................................................................................468

Configuring the Distance of a Route.....................................................................................................................475

Changing the IS-Type............................................................................................................................................. 476

Redistributing IPv4 Routes.....................................................................................................................................478

Redistributing IPv6 Routes.....................................................................................................................................479

Configuring Authentication Passwords................................................................................................................ 480

Setting the Overload Bit.........................................................................................................................................480

Debugging IS-IS........................................................................................................................................................481

IS-IS Metric Styles.........................................................................................................................................................482

Configure Metric Values............................................................................................................................................... 482

Maximum Values in the Routing Table..................................................................................................................483

Change the IS-IS Metric Style in One Level Only................................................................................................483

Leaks from One Level to Another......................................................................................................................... 484

Sample Configurations..................................................................................................................................................485

27 Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP)..............................................................................................488

Introduction to Dynamic LAGs and LACP.................................................................................................................. 488

Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................488

LACP Modes............................................................................................................................................................ 489

Configuring LACP Commands...............................................................................................................................489

LACP Configuration Tasks........................................................................................................................................... 490

Creating a LAG........................................................................................................................................................ 490

Configuring the LAG Interfaces as Dynamic........................................................................................................490

Setting the LACP Long Timeout............................................................................................................................ 491

Monitoring and Debugging LACP...........................................................................................................................491

Shared LAG State Tracking......................................................................................................................................... 492

Configuring Shared LAG State Tracking.............................................................................................................. 492

Important Points about Shared LAG State Tracking..........................................................................................494

LACP Basic Configuration Example............................................................................................................................ 494

Configure a LAG on ALPHA................................................................................................................................... 494

28 Layer 2.................................................................................................................................................... 503

Manage the MAC Address Table................................................................................................................................ 503

Clearing the MAC Address Table.......................................................................................................................... 503

Setting the Aging Time for Dynamic Entries........................................................................................................503

Configuring a Static MAC Address....................................................................................................................... 504

Displaying the MAC Address Table....................................................................................................................... 504

MAC Learning Limit.......................................................................................................................................................504

Setting the MAC Learning Limit............................................................................................................................505

mac learning-limit Dynamic.................................................................................................................................... 505

mac learning-limit mac-address-sticky.................................................................................................................505

mac learning-limit station-move............................................................................................................................506

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mac learning-limit no-station-move...................................................................................................................... 506

Learning Limit Violation Actions............................................................................................................................ 506

Setting Station Move Violation Actions................................................................................................................507

Recovering from Learning Limit and Station Move Violations...........................................................................507

Disabling MAC Address Learning on the System................................................................................................508

NIC Teaming.................................................................................................................................................................. 508

Configure Redundant Pairs..........................................................................................................................................509

Important Points about Configuring Redundant Pairs......................................................................................... 511

Far-End Failure Detection............................................................................................................................................. 512

FEFD State Changes............................................................................................................................................... 513

Configuring FEFD.....................................................................................................................................................514

Enabling FEFD on an Interface...............................................................................................................................514

Debugging FEFD...................................................................................................................................................... 515

29 Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)..................................................................................................... 517

802.1AB (LLDP) Overview............................................................................................................................................517

Protocol Data Units..................................................................................................................................................517

Optional TLVs................................................................................................................................................................. 518

Management TLVs...................................................................................................................................................518

TIA-1057 (LLDP-MED) Overview............................................................................................................................... 520

TIA Organizationally Specific TLVs....................................................................................................................... 520

Configure LLDP............................................................................................................................................................. 524

Related Configuration Tasks..................................................................................................................................524

Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................524

LLDP Compatibility..................................................................................................................................................525

CONFIGURATION versus INTERFACE Configurations........................................................................................... 525

Enabling LLDP................................................................................................................................................................525

Disabling and Undoing LLDP..................................................................................................................................526

Advertising TLVs........................................................................................................................................................... 526

Viewing the LLDP Configuration................................................................................................................................. 527

Viewing Information Advertised by Adjacent LLDP Agents.....................................................................................527

Configuring LLDPDU Intervals.....................................................................................................................................528

Configuring Transmit and Receive Mode...................................................................................................................529

Configuring the Time to Live Value.............................................................................................................................530

Debugging LLDP............................................................................................................................................................530

Relevant Management Objects....................................................................................................................................531

30 Microsoft Network Load Balancing..........................................................................................................537

NLB Unicast Mode Scenario........................................................................................................................................537

NLB Multicast Mode Scenario.....................................................................................................................................537

Limitations of the NLB Feature................................................................................................................................... 538

Microsoft Clustering..................................................................................................................................................... 538

Enable and Disable VLAN Flooding ............................................................................................................................ 538

Configuring a Switch for NLB .....................................................................................................................................538

Enabling a Switch for Multicast NLB....................................................................................................................539

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Contents

31 Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP)......................................................................................... 540

Protocol Overview........................................................................................................................................................ 540

Anycast RP......................................................................................................................................................................541

Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 542

Configure Multicast Source Discovery Protocol....................................................................................................... 542

Related Configuration Tasks..................................................................................................................................542

Enable MSDP.................................................................................................................................................................546

Manage the Source-Active Cache..............................................................................................................................547

Viewing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................ 547

Limiting the Source-Active Cache.........................................................................................................................547

Clearing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................548

Enabling the Rejected Source-Active Cache.......................................................................................................548

Accept Source-Active Messages that Fail the RFP Check..................................................................................... 548

Specifying Source-Active Messages...........................................................................................................................551

Limiting the Source-Active Messages from a Peer.................................................................................................. 552

Preventing MSDP from Caching a Local Source...................................................................................................... 552

Preventing MSDP from Caching a Remote Source................................................................................................. 553

Preventing MSDP from Advertising a Local Source.................................................................................................553

Logging Changes in Peership States.......................................................................................................................... 554

Terminating a Peership.................................................................................................................................................554

Clearing Peer Statistics................................................................................................................................................ 555

Debugging MSDP..........................................................................................................................................................555

MSDP with Anycast RP............................................................................................................................................... 556

Configuring Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................557

Reducing Source-Active Message Flooding........................................................................................................ 558

Specifying the RP Address Used in SA Messages..............................................................................................558

MSDP Sample Configurations..................................................................................................................................... 560

32 Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP)................................................................................................563

Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................563

Spanning Tree Variations..............................................................................................................................................564

Implementation Information................................................................................................................................... 564

Configure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol...............................................................................................................564

Related Configuration Tasks..................................................................................................................................565

Enable Multiple Spanning Tree Globally......................................................................................................................565

Adding and Removing Interfaces................................................................................................................................ 565

Creating Multiple Spanning Tree Instances............................................................................................................... 566

Influencing MSTP Root Selection................................................................................................................................567

Interoperate with Non-Dell Bridges.............................................................................................................................567

Changing the Region Name or Revision.....................................................................................................................568

Modifying Global Parameters.......................................................................................................................................568

Modifying the Interface Parameters...........................................................................................................................569

Configuring an EdgePort.............................................................................................................................................. 570

Flush MAC Addresses after a Topology Change....................................................................................................... 571

MSTP Sample Configurations.......................................................................................................................................571

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Router 1 Running-ConfigurationRouter 2 Running-ConfigurationRouter 3 Running-

ConfigurationSFTOS Example Running-Configuration.......................................................................................572

Debugging and Verifying MSTP Configurations........................................................................................................575

33 Multicast Features................................................................................................................................... 577

Enabling IP Multicast.....................................................................................................................................................577

Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................577

Multicast Policies........................................................................................................................................................... 578

IPv4 Multicast Policies............................................................................................................................................ 578

Understanding Multicast Traceroute (mtrace)......................................................................................................... 585

Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................586

Printing Multicast Traceroute (mtrace) Paths..........................................................................................................586

Supported Error Codes.................................................................................................................................................587

mtrace Scenarios...........................................................................................................................................................588

34 Object Tracking....................................................................................................................................... 594

Object Tracking Overview............................................................................................................................................594

Track Layer 2 Interfaces.........................................................................................................................................595

Track Layer 3 Interfaces.........................................................................................................................................595

Track IPv4 and IPv6 Routes.................................................................................................................................. 596

Set Tracking Delays.................................................................................................................................................597

VRRP Object Tracking............................................................................................................................................597

Object Tracking Configuration.....................................................................................................................................597

Tracking a Layer 2 Interface.................................................................................................................................. 597

Tracking a Layer 3 Interface.................................................................................................................................. 598

Track an IPv4/IPv6 Route..................................................................................................................................... 600

Displaying Tracked Objects..........................................................................................................................................603

35 Open Shortest Path First (OSPFv2 and OSPFv3)...................................................................................605

Protocol Overview........................................................................................................................................................ 605

Autonomous System (AS) Areas.......................................................................................................................... 605

Area Types............................................................................................................................................................... 606

Networks and Neighbors........................................................................................................................................607

Router Types............................................................................................................................................................607

Designated and Backup Designated Routers.......................................................................................................609

Link-State Advertisements (LSAs).......................................................................................................................609

Router Priority and Cost......................................................................................................................................... 610

OSPF with Dell Networking OS.................................................................................................................................... 611

Graceful Restart....................................................................................................................................................... 612

Fast Convergence (OSPFv2, IPv4 Only)..............................................................................................................613

Multi-Process OSPFv2 with VRF...........................................................................................................................613

RFC-2328 Compliant OSPF Flooding....................................................................................................................613

OSPF ACK Packing..................................................................................................................................................614

Setting OSPF Adjacency with Cisco Routers.......................................................................................................614

Configuration Information............................................................................................................................................. 615

Configuration Task List for OSPFv2 (OSPF for IPv4)........................................................................................615

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Dell PowerSwitch S4820T User guide

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