Dell Configuration Guide for the S4820T System
9.11(0.0)
Notes, cautions, and warnings
NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your product.
CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the problem.
WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.
Copyright © 2017 Dell Inc. or its subsidiaries. All rights reserved. Dell, EMC, and other trademarks are trademarks of Dell Inc. or its subsidiaries. Other
trademarks may be trademarks of their respective owners.
2017 - 01
Rev. A00
Contents
1 About this Guide...........................................................................................................................................34
Audience............................................................................................................................................................................34
Conventions......................................................................................................................................................................34
Related Documents......................................................................................................................................................... 34
2 Configuration Fundamentals........................................................................................................................35
Accessing the Command Line........................................................................................................................................35
CLI Modes.........................................................................................................................................................................35
Navigating CLI Modes............................................................................................................................................... 37
The do Command............................................................................................................................................................ 40
Undoing Commands........................................................................................................................................................ 40
Obtaining Help...................................................................................................................................................................41
Entering and Editing Commands.................................................................................................................................... 41
Command History............................................................................................................................................................42
Filtering show Command Outputs.................................................................................................................................42
Example of the grep Keyword..................................................................................................................................42
Multiple Users in Configuration Mode...........................................................................................................................43
3 Getting Started........................................................................................................................................... 44
Console Access................................................................................................................................................................45
Serial Console.............................................................................................................................................................45
Accessing the CLI Interface and Running Scripts Using SSH................................................................................... 46
Entering CLI commands Using an SSH Connection..............................................................................................46
Executing Local CLI Scripts Using an SSH Connection........................................................................................46
Default Configuration...................................................................................................................................................... 47
Configuring a Host Name................................................................................................................................................47
Accessing the System Remotely................................................................................................................................... 47
Accessing the System Remotely............................................................................................................................. 47
Configure the Management Port IP Address.........................................................................................................48
Configure a Management Route............................................................................................................................. 48
Configuring a Username and Password..................................................................................................................48
Configuring the Enable Password................................................................................................................................. 49
Configuration File Management.....................................................................................................................................49
Copy Files to and from the System.........................................................................................................................49
Mounting an NFS File System................................................................................................................................. 50
Save the Running-Configuration............................................................................................................................. 52
Configure the Overload Bit for a Startup Scenario...............................................................................................52
Viewing Files...............................................................................................................................................................52
Managing the File System.............................................................................................................................................. 53
Enabling Software Features on Devices Using a Command Option.........................................................................54
View Command History.................................................................................................................................................. 54
Upgrading Dell Networking OS......................................................................................................................................55
Contents
3
Using HTTP for File Transfers....................................................................................................................................... 55
Verify Software Images Before Installation..................................................................................................................55
4 Management................................................................................................................................................57
Configuring Privilege Levels........................................................................................................................................... 57
Creating a Custom Privilege Level.......................................................................................................................... 58
Removing a Command from EXEC Mode..............................................................................................................58
Moving a Command from EXEC Privilege Mode to EXEC Mode....................................................................... 58
Allowing Access to CONFIGURATION Mode Commands................................................................................... 58
Allowing Access to Different Modes.......................................................................................................................58
Applying a Privilege Level to a Username...............................................................................................................60
Applying a Privilege Level to a Terminal Line......................................................................................................... 60
Configuring Logging........................................................................................................................................................ 60
Audit and Security Logs.............................................................................................................................................61
Configuring Logging Format .................................................................................................................................. 63
Display the Logging Buffer and the Logging Configuration................................................................................. 63
Setting Up a Secure Connection to a Syslog Server............................................................................................ 64
Log Messages in the Internal Buffer.............................................................................................................................65
Configuration Task List for System Log Management.........................................................................................65
Disabling System Logging...............................................................................................................................................65
Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server............................................................................................................65
Configuring a UNIX System as a Syslog Server.................................................................................................... 66
Track Login Activity.........................................................................................................................................................66
Restrictions for Tracking Login Activity..................................................................................................................66
Configuring Login Activity Tracking........................................................................................................................ 66
Display Login Statistics..............................................................................................................................................67
Limit Concurrent Login Sessions................................................................................................................................... 68
Restrictions for Limiting the Number of Concurrent Sessions............................................................................68
Configuring Concurrent Session Limit.................................................................................................................... 68
Enabling the System to Clear Existing Sessions....................................................................................................69
Enabling Secured CLI Mode........................................................................................................................................... 70
Changing System Logging Settings.............................................................................................................................. 70
Display the Logging Buffer and the Logging Configuration........................................................................................ 71
Configuring a UNIX Logging Facility Level.................................................................................................................... 71
Synchronizing Log Messages.........................................................................................................................................72
Enabling Timestamp on Syslog Messages.................................................................................................................... 73
File Transfer Services......................................................................................................................................................73
Configuration Task List for File Transfer Services.................................................................................................74
Enabling the FTP Server........................................................................................................................................... 74
Configuring FTP Server Parameters....................................................................................................................... 74
Configuring FTP Client Parameters.........................................................................................................................75
Terminal Lines...................................................................................................................................................................75
Denying and Permitting Access to a Terminal Line............................................................................................... 75
Configuring Login Authentication for Terminal Lines............................................................................................ 76
Setting Timeout for EXEC Privilege Mode................................................................................................................... 77
Using Telnet to get to Another Network Device.........................................................................................................78
4
Contents
Lock CONFIGURATION Mode.......................................................................................................................................78
Viewing the Configuration Lock Status.................................................................................................................. 78
Recovering from a Forgotten Password.......................................................................................................................79
Recovering from a Forgotten Enable Password....................................................................................................80
Recovering from a Failed Start.......................................................................................................................................81
Restoring the Factory Default Settings.........................................................................................................................81
Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................81
Restoring Factory Default Environment Variables................................................................................................ 82
5 802.1X......................................................................................................................................................... 84
Port-Authentication Process..........................................................................................................................................86
EAP over RADIUS......................................................................................................................................................86
Configuring 802.1X...........................................................................................................................................................87
Related Configuration Tasks.....................................................................................................................................87
Important Points to Remember..................................................................................................................................... 87
Enabling 802.1X................................................................................................................................................................88
Configuring MAC addresses for a do1x Profile............................................................................................................ 89
Configuring Request Identity Re-Transmissions......................................................................................................... 90
Configuring a Quiet Period after a Failed Authentication.....................................................................................90
Forcibly Authorizing or Unauthorizing a Port................................................................................................................91
Re-Authenticating a Port................................................................................................................................................92
Configuring Timeouts......................................................................................................................................................93
Configuring Dynamic VLAN Assignment with Port Authentication.......................................................................... 94
Guest and Authentication-Fail VLANs.......................................................................................................................... 95
Configuring a Guest VLAN....................................................................................................................................... 95
Configuring an Authentication-Fail VLAN.............................................................................................................. 95
Configuring dot1x Profile ............................................................................................................................................... 96
Configuring the Static MAB and MAB Profile .............................................................................................................97
Configuring Critical VLAN ..............................................................................................................................................98
6 Access Control List (ACL) VLAN Groups and Content Addressable Memory (CAM)...................................99
Optimizing CAM Utilization During the Attachment of ACLs to VLANs..................................................................99
Guidelines for Configuring ACL VLAN Groups...........................................................................................................100
Configuring ACL VLAN Groups and Configuring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters..............................................100
Configuring ACL VLAN Groups..............................................................................................................................100
Configuring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters....................................................................................................... 101
Viewing CAM Usage...................................................................................................................................................... 102
Allocating FP Blocks for VLAN Processes.................................................................................................................. 103
7 Access Control Lists (ACLs)...................................................................................................................... 105
IP Access Control Lists (ACLs)....................................................................................................................................106
CAM Usage............................................................................................................................................................... 107
Implementing ACLs on Dell Networking OS..........................................................................................................107
IP Fragment Handling.................................................................................................................................................... 109
IP Fragments ACL Examples.................................................................................................................................. 109
Layer 4 ACL Rules Examples.................................................................................................................................. 109
Contents
5
Configure a Standard IP ACL........................................................................................................................................ 110
Configuring a Standard IP ACL Filter...................................................................................................................... 111
Configure an Extended IP ACL......................................................................................................................................112
Configuring Filters with a Sequence Number........................................................................................................112
Configuring Filters Without a Sequence Number................................................................................................. 113
Configure Layer 2 and Layer 3 ACLs............................................................................................................................114
Assign an IP ACL to an Interface.................................................................................................................................. 115
Applying an IP ACL..........................................................................................................................................................115
Counting ACL Hits.................................................................................................................................................... 116
Configure Ingress ACLs..................................................................................................................................................116
Configure Egress ACLs.................................................................................................................................................. 116
Applying Egress Layer 3 ACLs (Control-Plane).................................................................................................... 117
IP Prefix Lists...................................................................................................................................................................118
Implementation Information.....................................................................................................................................118
Configuration Task List for Prefix Lists..................................................................................................................118
ACL Resequencing.........................................................................................................................................................122
Resequencing an ACL or Prefix List...................................................................................................................... 122
Route Maps.....................................................................................................................................................................124
Implementation Information.................................................................................................................................... 124
Important Points to Remember....................................................................................................................................124
Configuration Task List for Route Maps............................................................................................................... 124
Configuring Match Routes......................................................................................................................................126
Configuring Set Conditions..................................................................................................................................... 128
Configure a Route Map for Route Redistribution................................................................................................ 129
Configure a Route Map for Route Tagging.......................................................................................................... 129
Continue Clause........................................................................................................................................................130
Logging of ACL Processes............................................................................................................................................130
Guidelines for Configuring ACL Logging................................................................................................................ 131
Configuring ACL Logging......................................................................................................................................... 131
Flow-Based Monitoring Support for ACLs..................................................................................................................132
Behavior of Flow-Based Monitoring...................................................................................................................... 132
Enabling Flow-Based Monitoring............................................................................................................................133
8 Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD)..................................................................................................135
How BFD Works.............................................................................................................................................................135
BFD Packet Format................................................................................................................................................. 136
BFD Sessions............................................................................................................................................................ 137
BFD Three-Way Handshake................................................................................................................................... 138
Session State Changes............................................................................................................................................140
Important Points to Remember....................................................................................................................................140
Configure BFD................................................................................................................................................................ 140
Configure BFD for Physical Ports...........................................................................................................................141
Configure BFD for Static Routes........................................................................................................................... 142
Configure BFD for OSPF.........................................................................................................................................145
Configure BFD for OSPFv3.................................................................................................................................... 148
Configure BFD for IS-IS...........................................................................................................................................149
6
Contents
Configure BFD for BGP............................................................................................................................................151
Configure BFD for VRRP........................................................................................................................................ 158
Configuring Protocol Liveness.................................................................................................................................161
Troubleshooting BFD................................................................................................................................................161
9 Border Gateway Protocol IPv4 (BGPv4)....................................................................................................163
Autonomous Systems (AS)...........................................................................................................................................163
Sessions and Peers........................................................................................................................................................ 165
Establish a Session...................................................................................................................................................165
Route Reflectors............................................................................................................................................................ 166
BGP Attributes................................................................................................................................................................167
Best Path Selection Criteria....................................................................................................................................168
Weight....................................................................................................................................................................... 169
Local Preference...................................................................................................................................................... 169
Multi-Exit Discriminators (MEDs).......................................................................................................................... 170
Origin...........................................................................................................................................................................171
AS Path......................................................................................................................................................................172
Next Hop................................................................................................................................................................... 172
Multiprotocol BGP..........................................................................................................................................................172
Implement BGP with Dell Networking OS...................................................................................................................173
Additional Path (Add-Path) Support..................................................................................................................... 173
Advertise IGP Cost as MED for Redistributed Routes........................................................................................ 173
Ignore Router-ID in Best-Path Calculation............................................................................................................174
Four-Byte AS Numbers........................................................................................................................................... 174
AS4 Number Representation.................................................................................................................................. 174
AS Number Migration.............................................................................................................................................. 176
BGP4 Management Information Base (MIB)........................................................................................................177
Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 177
Configuration Information............................................................................................................................................. 178
BGP Configuration......................................................................................................................................................... 178
Enabling BGP............................................................................................................................................................ 179
Configuring AS4 Number Representations...........................................................................................................182
Configuring Peer Groups.........................................................................................................................................184
Configuring BGP Fast Fall-Over.............................................................................................................................186
Configuring Passive Peering................................................................................................................................... 188
Maintaining Existing AS Numbers During an AS Migration.................................................................................188
Allowing an AS Number to Appear in its Own AS Path.......................................................................................189
Enabling Graceful Restart....................................................................................................................................... 190
Enabling Neighbor Graceful Restart.......................................................................................................................191
Filtering on an AS-Path Attribute........................................................................................................................... 191
Regular Expressions as Filters................................................................................................................................ 193
Redistributing Routes.............................................................................................................................................. 194
Enabling Additional Paths........................................................................................................................................195
Configuring IP Community Lists.............................................................................................................................195
Configuring an IP Extended Community List........................................................................................................196
Filtering Routes with Community Lists..................................................................................................................197
Contents
7
Manipulating the COMMUNITY Attribute.............................................................................................................198
Changing MED Attributes.......................................................................................................................................199
Changing the LOCAL_PREFERENCE Attribute..................................................................................................199
Configuring the local System or a Different System to be the Next Hop for BGP-Learned Routes...........200
Changing the WEIGHT Attribute........................................................................................................................... 201
Enabling Multipath....................................................................................................................................................201
Filtering BGP Routes............................................................................................................................................... 201
Filtering BGP Routes Using Route Maps............................................................................................................. 203
Filtering BGP Routes Using AS-PATH Information.............................................................................................203
Configuring BGP Route Reflectors....................................................................................................................... 204
Aggregating Routes................................................................................................................................................ 205
Configuring BGP Confederations..........................................................................................................................205
Enabling Route Flap Dampening............................................................................................................................206
Changing BGP Timers.............................................................................................................................................208
Enabling BGP Neighbor Soft-Reconfiguration.................................................................................................... 208
Enabling or disabling BGP neighbors.....................................................................................................................209
Route Map Continue.................................................................................................................................................211
Enabling MBGP Configurations.....................................................................................................................................211
BGP Regular Expression Optimization.........................................................................................................................212
Debugging BGP.............................................................................................................................................................. 212
Storing Last and Bad PDUs.................................................................................................................................... 213
Capturing PDUs........................................................................................................................................................214
PDU Counters...........................................................................................................................................................215
Sample Configurations...................................................................................................................................................215
10 Content Addressable Memory (CAM)...................................................................................................... 222
CAM Allocation.............................................................................................................................................................. 222
Test CAM Usage........................................................................................................................................................... 224
View CAM Profiles.........................................................................................................................................................224
View CAM-ACL Settings..............................................................................................................................................225
View CAM Usage...........................................................................................................................................................226
CAM Optimization......................................................................................................................................................... 227
Troubleshoot CAM Profiling......................................................................................................................................... 227
QoS CAM Region Limitation...................................................................................................................................227
11 Control Plane Policing (CoPP)..................................................................................................................228
Configure Control Plane Policing.................................................................................................................................229
Configuring CoPP for Protocols............................................................................................................................230
Configuring CoPP for CPU Queues...................................................................................................................... 232
CoPP for OSPFv3 Packets.................................................................................................................................... 233
Configuring CoPP for OSPFv3..............................................................................................................................236
Displaying CoPP Configuration .............................................................................................................................236
12 Data Center Bridging (DCB).....................................................................................................................239
Ethernet Enhancements in Data Center Bridging.....................................................................................................239
Priority-Based Flow Control...................................................................................................................................240
8
Contents
Enhanced Transmission Selection..........................................................................................................................241
Data Center Bridging Exchange Protocol (DCBx).............................................................................................. 242
Data Center Bridging in a Traffic Flow................................................................................................................. 243
Enabling Data Center Bridging.....................................................................................................................................243
DCB Maps and its Attributes................................................................................................................................. 244
Data Center Bridging: Default Configuration.............................................................................................................245
Configuring Priority-Based Flow Control....................................................................................................................245
Configuring Lossless Queues................................................................................................................................. 246
Configuring PFC in a DCB Map................................................................................................................................... 247
PFC Configuration Notes....................................................................................................................................... 247
PFC Prerequisites and Restrictions.......................................................................................................................248
Applying a DCB Map on a Port.................................................................................................................................... 248
Configuring PFC without a DCB Map.........................................................................................................................249
Configuring Lossless QueuesExample:................................................................................................................. 249
Priority-Based Flow Control Using Dynamic Buffer Method....................................................................................251
Pause and Resume of Traffic................................................................................................................................. 251
Buffer Sizes for Lossless or PFC Packets............................................................................................................ 251
Behavior of Tagged Packets........................................................................................................................................252
Configuration Example for DSCP and PFC Priorities............................................................................................... 252
Using PFC to Manage Converged Ethernet Traffic................................................................................................. 253
Configure Enhanced Transmission Selection.............................................................................................................253
ETS Prerequisites and Restrictions.......................................................................................................................253
Creating an ETS Priority Group............................................................................................................................. 253
ETS Operation with DCBx......................................................................................................................................255
Configuring Bandwidth Allocation for DCBx CIN................................................................................................ 255
Configuring ETS in a DCB Map............................................................................................................................. 256
Hierarchical Scheduling in ETS Output Policies.........................................................................................................257
Using ETS to Manage Converged Ethernet Traffic..................................................................................................258
Applying DCB Policies in a Switch Stack....................................................................................................................258
Configure a DCBx Operation....................................................................................................................................... 258
DCBx Operation.......................................................................................................................................................258
DCBx Port Roles......................................................................................................................................................259
DCB Configuration Exchange................................................................................................................................ 260
Configuration Source Election...............................................................................................................................260
Propagation of DCB Information............................................................................................................................261
Auto-Detection and Manual Configuration of the DCBx Version...................................................................... 261
DCBx Example......................................................................................................................................................... 262
DCBx Prerequisites and Restrictions.................................................................................................................... 262
Configuring DCBx....................................................................................................................................................262
Verifying the DCB Configuration.................................................................................................................................266
Sample DCB Configuration...........................................................................................................................................274
PFC and ETS Configuration Command Examples...............................................................................................276
QoS dot1p Traffic Classification and Queue Assignment......................................................................................... 276
Configuring the Dynamic Buffer Method................................................................................................................... 277
13 Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP).........................................................................................279
Contents
9
DHCP Packet Format and Options............................................................................................................................. 279
Assign an IP Address using DHCP............................................................................................................................... 281
Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 282
Configure the System to be a DHCP Server............................................................................................................. 282
Configuring the Server for Automatic Address Allocation................................................................................. 283
Specifying a Default Gateway................................................................................................................................284
Configure a Method of Hostname Resolution..................................................................................................... 284
Using DNS for Address Resolution........................................................................................................................284
Using NetBIOS WINS for Address Resolution.....................................................................................................285
Creating Manual Binding Entries........................................................................................................................... 285
Debugging the DHCP Server.................................................................................................................................285
Using DHCP Clear Commands.............................................................................................................................. 286
Configure the System to be a Relay Agent................................................................................................................286
Configure the System to be a DHCP Client...............................................................................................................288
DHCP Client Operation with Other Features...................................................................................................... 288
DHCP Client on a Management Interface............................................................................................................289
Configure the System for User Port Stacking (Option 230)...................................................................................290
Configure Secure DHCP...............................................................................................................................................290
Option 82..................................................................................................................................................................290
DHCP Snooping........................................................................................................................................................291
Configuring the DHCP secondary-subnet............................................................................................................294
Drop DHCP Packets on Snooped VLANs Only................................................................................................... 295
Dynamic ARP Inspection........................................................................................................................................ 295
Configuring Dynamic ARP Inspection................................................................................................................... 296
Source Address Validation............................................................................................................................................297
Enabling IP Source Address Validation..................................................................................................................297
DHCP MAC Source Address Validation................................................................................................................298
Enabling IP+MAC Source Address Validation......................................................................................................298
Viewing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets...................................................................................................299
Clearing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets.................................................................................................. 299
14 Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP)................................................................................................................300
ECMP for Flow-Based Affinity.................................................................................................................................... 300
Configuring the Hash Algorithm............................................................................................................................ 300
Enabling Deterministic ECMP Next Hop..............................................................................................................300
Configuring the Hash Algorithm Seed...................................................................................................................301
Link Bundle Monitoring..................................................................................................................................................301
Managing ECMP Group Paths.............................................................................................................................. 302
Creating an ECMP Group Bundle..........................................................................................................................302
Modifying the ECMP Group Threshold................................................................................................................ 302
RTAG7.............................................................................................................................................................................303
Flow-based Hashing for ECMP................................................................................................................................... 304
15 FIP Snooping............................................................................................................................................307
Fibre Channel over Ethernet........................................................................................................................................307
Ensure Robustness in a Converged Ethernet Network............................................................................................307
10
Contents
FIP Snooping on Ethernet Bridges..............................................................................................................................309
FIP Snooping in a Switch Stack.................................................................................................................................... 311
Using FIP Snooping.........................................................................................................................................................311
FIP Snooping Prerequisites......................................................................................................................................311
Important Points to Remember...............................................................................................................................311
Enabling the FCoE Transit Feature........................................................................................................................312
Enable FIP Snooping on VLANs..............................................................................................................................313
Configure the FC-MAP Value.................................................................................................................................313
Configure a Port for a Bridge-to-Bridge Link....................................................................................................... 313
Configure a Port for a Bridge-to-FCF Link........................................................................................................... 313
Impact on Other Software Features......................................................................................................................313
FIP Snooping Restrictions....................................................................................................................................... 314
Configuring FIP Snooping........................................................................................................................................314
Displaying FIP Snooping Information........................................................................................................................... 315
FCoE Transit Configuration Example..........................................................................................................................320
16 FIPS Cryptography...................................................................................................................................322
Configuration Tasks.......................................................................................................................................................322
Preparing the System................................................................................................................................................... 322
Enabling FIPS Mode...................................................................................................................................................... 323
Generating Host-Keys...................................................................................................................................................323
Monitoring FIPS Mode Status..................................................................................................................................... 323
Disabling FIPS Mode..................................................................................................................................................... 324
17 Force10 Resilient Ring Protocol (FRRP)...................................................................................................325
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................325
Ring Status...............................................................................................................................................................326
Multiple FRRP Rings............................................................................................................................................... 326
Important FRRP Points...........................................................................................................................................327
Important FRRP Concepts.....................................................................................................................................328
Implementing FRRP.......................................................................................................................................................329
FRRP Configuration...................................................................................................................................................... 329
Creating the FRRP Group...................................................................................................................................... 329
Configuring the Control VLAN...............................................................................................................................330
Configuring and Adding the Member VLANs....................................................................................................... 331
Setting the FRRP Timers........................................................................................................................................332
Clearing the FRRP Counters..................................................................................................................................332
Viewing the FRRP Configuration...........................................................................................................................332
Viewing the FRRP Information.............................................................................................................................. 332
Troubleshooting FRRP..................................................................................................................................................333
Configuration Checks..............................................................................................................................................333
Sample Configuration and Topology........................................................................................................................... 333
FRRP Support on VLT.................................................................................................................................................. 334
Example Scenario.................................................................................................................................................... 335
Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................336
Contents
11
18 GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP)..............................................................................................337
Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................... 337
Configure GVRP............................................................................................................................................................ 338
Related Configuration Tasks.................................................................................................................................. 338
Enabling GVRP Globally................................................................................................................................................ 339
Enabling GVRP on a Layer 2 Interface....................................................................................................................... 339
Configure GVRP Registration...................................................................................................................................... 339
Configure a GARP Timer.............................................................................................................................................. 340
RPM Redundancy..........................................................................................................................................................340
19 High Availability (HA)............................................................................................................................... 342
Component Redundancy..............................................................................................................................................342
RPM Redundancy....................................................................................................................................................342
Automatic and Manual Stack Unit Failover.......................................................................................................... 344
Support for RPM Redundancy by Dell Networking OS Version........................................................................345
Synchronization between Management and Standby Units............................................................................. 345
Configuring RPM Redundancy.............................................................................................................................. 345
Online Insertion and Removal.......................................................................................................................................346
RPM Online Insertion and Removal.......................................................................................................................347
Linecard Online Insertion and Removal.................................................................................................................347
Hitless Behavior............................................................................................................................................................. 348
Graceful Restart............................................................................................................................................................ 349
Software Resiliency.......................................................................................................................................................349
Software Component Health Monitoring.............................................................................................................349
System Health Monitoring......................................................................................................................................349
Failure and Event Logging......................................................................................................................................349
Hot-Lock Behavior........................................................................................................................................................ 350
Process Restartability................................................................................................................................................... 350
Enabling Process Restartability.............................................................................................................................. 351
20 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP)........................................................................................ 352
IGMP Implementation Information.............................................................................................................................. 352
IGMP Protocol Overview............................................................................................................................................. 352
IGMP Version 2........................................................................................................................................................352
IGMP Version 3........................................................................................................................................................354
Configure IGMP............................................................................................................................................................. 357
Related Configuration Tasks.................................................................................................................................. 357
Viewing IGMP Enabled Interfaces...............................................................................................................................358
Selecting an IGMP Version...........................................................................................................................................358
Viewing IGMP Groups...................................................................................................................................................358
Adjusting Timers............................................................................................................................................................ 359
Adjusting Query and Response Timers.................................................................................................................359
Enabling IGMP Immediate-Leave................................................................................................................................360
IGMP Snooping..............................................................................................................................................................360
IGMP Snooping Implementation Information.......................................................................................................360
12
Contents
Configuring IGMP Snooping.................................................................................................................................. 360
Removing a Group-Port Association..................................................................................................................... 361
Disabling Multicast Flooding....................................................................................................................................361
Specifying a Port as Connected to a Multicast Router......................................................................................362
Configuring the Switch as Querier........................................................................................................................ 362
Fast Convergence after MSTP Topology Changes..................................................................................................363
Egress Interface Selection (EIS) for HTTP and IGMP Applications....................................................................... 363
Protocol Separation.................................................................................................................................................363
Enabling and Disabling Management Egress Interface Selection......................................................................364
Handling of Management Route Configuration...................................................................................................365
Handling of Switch-Initiated Traffic......................................................................................................................366
Handling of Switch-Destined Traffic.....................................................................................................................366
Handling of Transit Traffic (Traffic Separation)..................................................................................................367
Mapping of Management Applications and Traffic Type................................................................................... 367
Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Initiated Traffic ...........................................................................368
Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Destined Traffic .........................................................................369
Interworking of EIS With Various Applications.....................................................................................................370
Designating a Multicast Router Interface....................................................................................................................371
21 Interfaces................................................................................................................................................. 372
Basic Interface Configuration.......................................................................................................................................372
Advanced Interface Configuration...............................................................................................................................372
Interface Types.............................................................................................................................................................. 373
View Basic Interface Information.................................................................................................................................373
Resetting an Interface to its Factory Default State..................................................................................................375
Enabling Energy Efficient Ethernet............................................................................................................................. 376
View EEE Information................................................................................................................................................... 376
Clear EEE Counters.......................................................................................................................................................380
Enabling a Physical Interface........................................................................................................................................ 381
Physical Interfaces......................................................................................................................................................... 381
Configuration Task List for Physical Interfaces...................................................................................................382
Overview of Layer Modes...................................................................................................................................... 382
Configuring Layer 2 (Data Link) Mode................................................................................................................. 382
Configuring Layer 2 (Interface) Mode..................................................................................................................383
Configuring Layer 3 (Network) Mode.................................................................................................................. 383
Configuring Layer 3 (Interface) Mode..................................................................................................................384
Egress Interface Selection (EIS)................................................................................................................................. 384
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 384
Configuring EIS........................................................................................................................................................ 385
Management Interfaces............................................................................................................................................... 385
Configuring Management Interfaces.................................................................................................................... 385
Configuring a Management Interface on an Ethernet Port............................................................................... 387
VLAN Interfaces.............................................................................................................................................................387
Loopback Interfaces......................................................................................................................................................388
Null Interfaces................................................................................................................................................................389
Port Channel Interfaces................................................................................................................................................389
Contents
13
Port Channel Definition and Standards................................................................................................................ 389
Port Channel Benefits.............................................................................................................................................389
Port Channel Implementation................................................................................................................................ 389
Interfaces in Port Channels....................................................................................................................................390
Configuration Tasks for Port Channel Interfaces................................................................................................390
Creating a Port Channel..........................................................................................................................................391
Adding a Physical Interface to a Port Channel.....................................................................................................391
Reassigning an Interface to a New Port Channel............................................................................................... 393
Configuring the Minimum Oper Up Links in a Port Channel.............................................................................. 393
Adding or Removing a Port Channel from a VLAN.............................................................................................394
Assigning an IP Address to a Port Channel..........................................................................................................395
Deleting or Disabling a Port Channel.....................................................................................................................395
Load Balancing Through Port Channels............................................................................................................... 395
Changing the Hash Algorithm................................................................................................................................396
Bulk Configuration......................................................................................................................................................... 397
Interface Range........................................................................................................................................................397
Bulk Configuration Examples..................................................................................................................................397
Defining Interface Range Macros................................................................................................................................399
Define the Interface Range....................................................................................................................................399
Choosing an Interface-Range Macro....................................................................................................................399
Monitoring and Maintaining Interfaces.......................................................................................................................399
Maintenance Using TDR.........................................................................................................................................400
Configuring wavelength for 10–Gigabit SFP+ optics................................................................................................401
Link Dampening.............................................................................................................................................................. 401
Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................402
Enabling Link Dampening........................................................................................................................................402
Link Bundle Monitoring................................................................................................................................................. 403
Using Ethernet Pause Frames for Flow Control........................................................................................................404
Enabling Pause Frames...........................................................................................................................................405
Configure the MTU Size on an Interface................................................................................................................... 405
Port-Pipes...................................................................................................................................................................... 406
Auto-Negotiation on Ethernet Interfaces.................................................................................................................. 406
Setting the Speed of Ethernet Interfaces............................................................................................................406
Set Auto-Negotiation Options............................................................................................................................... 408
View Advanced Interface Information........................................................................................................................ 408
Configuring the Interface Sampling Size..............................................................................................................409
Configuring the Traffic Sampling Size Globally.......................................................................................................... 410
Dynamic Counters...........................................................................................................................................................411
Clearing Interface Counters....................................................................................................................................412
Compressing Configuration Files..................................................................................................................................412
22 Internet Protocol Security (IPSec)...........................................................................................................416
Configuring IPSec ..........................................................................................................................................................416
23 IPv4 Routing.............................................................................................................................................418
IP Addresses................................................................................................................................................................... 419
14
Contents
Implementation Information....................................................................................................................................419
Configuration Tasks for IP Addresses......................................................................................................................... 419
Assigning IP Addresses to an Interface.......................................................................................................................419
Configuring Static Routes............................................................................................................................................ 420
Configure Static Routes for the Management Interface.......................................................................................... 421
IPv4 Path MTU Discovery Overview.......................................................................................................................... 422
Using the Configured Source IP Address in ICMP Messages................................................................................. 422
Configuring the ICMP Source Interface...............................................................................................................422
Configuring the Duration to Establish a TCP Connection........................................................................................423
Enabling Directed Broadcast........................................................................................................................................423
Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................................................423
Enabling Dynamic Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................424
Specifying the Local System Domain and a List of Domains................................................................................... 424
Configuring DNS with Traceroute...............................................................................................................................425
ARP................................................................................................................................................................................. 425
Configuration Tasks for ARP....................................................................................................................................... 426
Configuring Static ARP Entries....................................................................................................................................426
Enabling Proxy ARP.......................................................................................................................................................426
Clearing ARP Cache...................................................................................................................................................... 427
ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP............................................................................................................................... 427
Enabling ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................427
ARP Learning via ARP Request................................................................................................................................... 427
Configuring ARP Retries...............................................................................................................................................428
ICMP............................................................................................................................................................................... 429
Configuration Tasks for ICMP..................................................................................................................................... 429
Enabling ICMP Unreachable Messages...................................................................................................................... 429
UDP Helper.....................................................................................................................................................................429
Configure UDP Helper............................................................................................................................................ 429
Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................430
Enabling UDP Helper.....................................................................................................................................................430
Configuring a Broadcast Address................................................................................................................................430
Configurations Using UDP Helper................................................................................................................................431
UDP Helper with Broadcast-All Addresses................................................................................................................. 431
UDP Helper with Subnet Broadcast Addresses........................................................................................................ 432
UDP Helper with Configured Broadcast Addresses..................................................................................................432
UDP Helper with No Configured Broadcast Addresses........................................................................................... 433
Troubleshooting UDP Helper....................................................................................................................................... 433
24 IPv6 Routing............................................................................................................................................434
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................434
Extended Address Space....................................................................................................................................... 435
Stateless Autoconfiguration...................................................................................................................................435
IPv6 Headers............................................................................................................................................................435
IPv6 Header Fields...................................................................................................................................................436
Extension Header Fields..........................................................................................................................................438
Addressing................................................................................................................................................................439
Contents
15
Implementing IPv6 with Dell Networking OS.............................................................................................................440
ICMPv6............................................................................................................................................................................441
Path MTU Discovery.....................................................................................................................................................442
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery.............................................................................................................................................. 442
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery of MTU Packets.......................................................................................................... 443
Configuration Task List for IPv6 RDNSS....................................................................................................................443
Configuring the IPv6 Recursive DNS Server....................................................................................................... 443
Debugging IPv6 RDNSS Information Sent to the Host .....................................................................................444
Displaying IPv6 RDNSS Information..................................................................................................................... 445
Secure Shell (SSH) Over an IPv6 Transport............................................................................................................. 445
Configuration Tasks for IPv6....................................................................................................................................... 446
Adjusting Your CAM-Profile................................................................................................................................... 446
Assigning an IPv6 Address to an Interface...........................................................................................................447
Assigning a Static IPv6 Route................................................................................................................................447
Configuring Telnet with IPv6................................................................................................................................. 448
SNMP over IPv6......................................................................................................................................................448
Displaying IPv6 Information....................................................................................................................................448
Displaying an IPv6 Interface Information..............................................................................................................449
Showing IPv6 Routes..............................................................................................................................................449
Showing the Running-Configuration for an Interface......................................................................................... 451
Clearing IPv6 Routes............................................................................................................................................... 451
Configuring IPv6 RA Guard...........................................................................................................................................451
Configuring IPv6 RA Guard on an Interface.........................................................................................................453
Monitoring IPv6 RA Guard..................................................................................................................................... 454
25 iSCSI Optimization.................................................................................................................................. 455
iSCSI Optimization Overview.......................................................................................................................................455
Monitoring iSCSI Traffic Flows.............................................................................................................................. 457
Application of Quality of Service to iSCSI Traffic Flows.................................................................................... 457
Information Monitored in iSCSI Traffic Flows......................................................................................................457
Detection and Auto-Configuration for Dell EqualLogic Arrays.......................................................................... 458
Configuring Detection and Ports for Dell Compellent Arrays............................................................................ 458
Synchronizing iSCSI Sessions Learned on VLT-Lags with VLT-Peer.............................................................. 459
Enable and Disable iSCSI Optimization.................................................................................................................459
Default iSCSI Optimization Values.............................................................................................................................. 460
iSCSI Optimization Prerequisites.................................................................................................................................460
Configuring iSCSI Optimization................................................................................................................................... 460
Displaying iSCSI Optimization Information................................................................................................................. 462
26 Intermediate System to Intermediate System..........................................................................................464
IS-IS Protocol Overview............................................................................................................................................... 464
IS-IS Addressing.............................................................................................................................................................464
Multi-Topology IS-IS..................................................................................................................................................... 465
Transition Mode.......................................................................................................................................................465
Interface Support.................................................................................................................................................... 466
Adjacencies...............................................................................................................................................................466
16
Contents
Graceful Restart............................................................................................................................................................ 466
Timers....................................................................................................................................................................... 466
Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 466
Configuration Information.............................................................................................................................................467
Configuration Tasks for IS-IS.................................................................................................................................468
Configuring the Distance of a Route.....................................................................................................................475
Changing the IS-Type............................................................................................................................................. 476
Redistributing IPv4 Routes.....................................................................................................................................478
Redistributing IPv6 Routes.....................................................................................................................................479
Configuring Authentication Passwords................................................................................................................ 480
Setting the Overload Bit.........................................................................................................................................480
Debugging IS-IS........................................................................................................................................................481
IS-IS Metric Styles.........................................................................................................................................................482
Configure Metric Values............................................................................................................................................... 482
Maximum Values in the Routing Table..................................................................................................................483
Change the IS-IS Metric Style in One Level Only................................................................................................483
Leaks from One Level to Another......................................................................................................................... 484
Sample Configurations..................................................................................................................................................485
27 Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP)..............................................................................................488
Introduction to Dynamic LAGs and LACP.................................................................................................................. 488
Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................488
LACP Modes............................................................................................................................................................ 489
Configuring LACP Commands...............................................................................................................................489
LACP Configuration Tasks........................................................................................................................................... 490
Creating a LAG........................................................................................................................................................ 490
Configuring the LAG Interfaces as Dynamic........................................................................................................490
Setting the LACP Long Timeout............................................................................................................................ 491
Monitoring and Debugging LACP...........................................................................................................................491
Shared LAG State Tracking......................................................................................................................................... 492
Configuring Shared LAG State Tracking.............................................................................................................. 492
Important Points about Shared LAG State Tracking..........................................................................................494
LACP Basic Configuration Example............................................................................................................................ 494
Configure a LAG on ALPHA................................................................................................................................... 494
28 Layer 2.................................................................................................................................................... 503
Manage the MAC Address Table................................................................................................................................ 503
Clearing the MAC Address Table.......................................................................................................................... 503
Setting the Aging Time for Dynamic Entries........................................................................................................503
Configuring a Static MAC Address....................................................................................................................... 504
Displaying the MAC Address Table....................................................................................................................... 504
MAC Learning Limit.......................................................................................................................................................504
Setting the MAC Learning Limit............................................................................................................................505
mac learning-limit Dynamic.................................................................................................................................... 505
mac learning-limit mac-address-sticky.................................................................................................................505
mac learning-limit station-move............................................................................................................................506
Contents
17
mac learning-limit no-station-move...................................................................................................................... 506
Learning Limit Violation Actions............................................................................................................................ 506
Setting Station Move Violation Actions................................................................................................................507
Recovering from Learning Limit and Station Move Violations...........................................................................507
Disabling MAC Address Learning on the System................................................................................................508
NIC Teaming.................................................................................................................................................................. 508
Configure Redundant Pairs..........................................................................................................................................509
Important Points about Configuring Redundant Pairs......................................................................................... 511
Far-End Failure Detection............................................................................................................................................. 512
FEFD State Changes............................................................................................................................................... 513
Configuring FEFD.....................................................................................................................................................514
Enabling FEFD on an Interface...............................................................................................................................514
Debugging FEFD...................................................................................................................................................... 515
29 Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)..................................................................................................... 517
802.1AB (LLDP) Overview............................................................................................................................................517
Protocol Data Units..................................................................................................................................................517
Optional TLVs................................................................................................................................................................. 518
Management TLVs...................................................................................................................................................518
TIA-1057 (LLDP-MED) Overview............................................................................................................................... 520
TIA Organizationally Specific TLVs....................................................................................................................... 520
Configure LLDP............................................................................................................................................................. 524
Related Configuration Tasks..................................................................................................................................524
Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................524
LLDP Compatibility..................................................................................................................................................525
CONFIGURATION versus INTERFACE Configurations........................................................................................... 525
Enabling LLDP................................................................................................................................................................525
Disabling and Undoing LLDP..................................................................................................................................526
Advertising TLVs........................................................................................................................................................... 526
Viewing the LLDP Configuration................................................................................................................................. 527
Viewing Information Advertised by Adjacent LLDP Agents.....................................................................................527
Configuring LLDPDU Intervals.....................................................................................................................................528
Configuring Transmit and Receive Mode...................................................................................................................529
Configuring the Time to Live Value.............................................................................................................................530
Debugging LLDP............................................................................................................................................................530
Relevant Management Objects....................................................................................................................................531
30 Microsoft Network Load Balancing..........................................................................................................537
NLB Unicast Mode Scenario........................................................................................................................................537
NLB Multicast Mode Scenario.....................................................................................................................................537
Limitations of the NLB Feature................................................................................................................................... 538
Microsoft Clustering..................................................................................................................................................... 538
Enable and Disable VLAN Flooding ............................................................................................................................ 538
Configuring a Switch for NLB .....................................................................................................................................538
Enabling a Switch for Multicast NLB....................................................................................................................539
18
Contents
31 Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP)......................................................................................... 540
Protocol Overview........................................................................................................................................................ 540
Anycast RP......................................................................................................................................................................541
Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 542
Configure Multicast Source Discovery Protocol....................................................................................................... 542
Related Configuration Tasks..................................................................................................................................542
Enable MSDP.................................................................................................................................................................546
Manage the Source-Active Cache..............................................................................................................................547
Viewing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................ 547
Limiting the Source-Active Cache.........................................................................................................................547
Clearing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................548
Enabling the Rejected Source-Active Cache.......................................................................................................548
Accept Source-Active Messages that Fail the RFP Check..................................................................................... 548
Specifying Source-Active Messages...........................................................................................................................551
Limiting the Source-Active Messages from a Peer.................................................................................................. 552
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Local Source...................................................................................................... 552
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Remote Source................................................................................................. 553
Preventing MSDP from Advertising a Local Source.................................................................................................553
Logging Changes in Peership States.......................................................................................................................... 554
Terminating a Peership.................................................................................................................................................554
Clearing Peer Statistics................................................................................................................................................ 555
Debugging MSDP..........................................................................................................................................................555
MSDP with Anycast RP............................................................................................................................................... 556
Configuring Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................557
Reducing Source-Active Message Flooding........................................................................................................ 558
Specifying the RP Address Used in SA Messages..............................................................................................558
MSDP Sample Configurations..................................................................................................................................... 560
32 Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP)................................................................................................563
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................563
Spanning Tree Variations..............................................................................................................................................564
Implementation Information................................................................................................................................... 564
Configure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol...............................................................................................................564
Related Configuration Tasks..................................................................................................................................565
Enable Multiple Spanning Tree Globally......................................................................................................................565
Adding and Removing Interfaces................................................................................................................................ 565
Creating Multiple Spanning Tree Instances............................................................................................................... 566
Influencing MSTP Root Selection................................................................................................................................567
Interoperate with Non-Dell Bridges.............................................................................................................................567
Changing the Region Name or Revision.....................................................................................................................568
Modifying Global Parameters.......................................................................................................................................568
Modifying the Interface Parameters...........................................................................................................................569
Configuring an EdgePort.............................................................................................................................................. 570
Flush MAC Addresses after a Topology Change....................................................................................................... 571
MSTP Sample Configurations.......................................................................................................................................571
Contents
19
Router 1 Running-ConfigurationRouter 2 Running-ConfigurationRouter 3 Running-
ConfigurationSFTOS Example Running-Configuration.......................................................................................572
Debugging and Verifying MSTP Configurations........................................................................................................575
33 Multicast Features................................................................................................................................... 577
Enabling IP Multicast.....................................................................................................................................................577
Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................577
Multicast Policies........................................................................................................................................................... 578
IPv4 Multicast Policies............................................................................................................................................ 578
Understanding Multicast Traceroute (mtrace)......................................................................................................... 585
Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................586
Printing Multicast Traceroute (mtrace) Paths..........................................................................................................586
Supported Error Codes.................................................................................................................................................587
mtrace Scenarios...........................................................................................................................................................588
34 Object Tracking....................................................................................................................................... 594
Object Tracking Overview............................................................................................................................................594
Track Layer 2 Interfaces.........................................................................................................................................595
Track Layer 3 Interfaces.........................................................................................................................................595
Track IPv4 and IPv6 Routes.................................................................................................................................. 596
Set Tracking Delays.................................................................................................................................................597
VRRP Object Tracking............................................................................................................................................597
Object Tracking Configuration.....................................................................................................................................597
Tracking a Layer 2 Interface.................................................................................................................................. 597
Tracking a Layer 3 Interface.................................................................................................................................. 598
Track an IPv4/IPv6 Route..................................................................................................................................... 600
Displaying Tracked Objects..........................................................................................................................................603
35 Open Shortest Path First (OSPFv2 and OSPFv3)...................................................................................605
Protocol Overview........................................................................................................................................................ 605
Autonomous System (AS) Areas.......................................................................................................................... 605
Area Types............................................................................................................................................................... 606
Networks and Neighbors........................................................................................................................................607
Router Types............................................................................................................................................................607
Designated and Backup Designated Routers.......................................................................................................609
Link-State Advertisements (LSAs).......................................................................................................................609
Router Priority and Cost......................................................................................................................................... 610
OSPF with Dell Networking OS.................................................................................................................................... 611
Graceful Restart....................................................................................................................................................... 612
Fast Convergence (OSPFv2, IPv4 Only)..............................................................................................................613
Multi-Process OSPFv2 with VRF...........................................................................................................................613
RFC-2328 Compliant OSPF Flooding....................................................................................................................613
OSPF ACK Packing..................................................................................................................................................614
Setting OSPF Adjacency with Cisco Routers.......................................................................................................614
Configuration Information............................................................................................................................................. 615
Configuration Task List for OSPFv2 (OSPF for IPv4)........................................................................................615
20
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