Dell PowerSwitch S4048-ON User guide

Dell Configuration Guide for the S4048–ON

System

9.11(0.0)

Notes, cautions, and warnings

NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your product.

CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the problem.

WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.

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2017 - 01

Rev. A00

Contents

1 About this Guide...........................................................................................................................................36

Audience........................................................................................................................................................................... 36

Conventions......................................................................................................................................................................36

Related Documents......................................................................................................................................................... 36

2 Configuration Fundamentals........................................................................................................................ 37

Accessing the Command Line........................................................................................................................................37

CLI Modes.........................................................................................................................................................................37

Navigating CLI Modes...............................................................................................................................................39

The do Command............................................................................................................................................................ 42

Undoing Commands........................................................................................................................................................ 42

Obtaining Help..................................................................................................................................................................43

Entering and Editing Commands................................................................................................................................... 43

Command History............................................................................................................................................................44

Filtering show Command Outputs.................................................................................................................................44

Example of the grep Keyword..................................................................................................................................44

Multiple Users in Configuration Mode...........................................................................................................................45

3 Getting Started........................................................................................................................................... 46

Console Access................................................................................................................................................................ 47

Serial Console............................................................................................................................................................. 47

Accessing the CLI Interface and Running Scripts Using SSH................................................................................... 48

Entering CLI commands Using an SSH Connection..............................................................................................48

Executing Local CLI Scripts Using an SSH Connection........................................................................................48

Default Configuration...................................................................................................................................................... 49

Configuring a Host Name............................................................................................................................................... 49

Accessing the System Remotely................................................................................................................................... 49

Accessing the System Remotely............................................................................................................................. 49

Configure the Management Port IP Address.........................................................................................................50

Configure a Management Route............................................................................................................................. 50

Configuring a Username and Password..................................................................................................................50

Configuring the Enable Password.................................................................................................................................. 51

Configuration File Management..................................................................................................................................... 51

Copy Files to and from the System..........................................................................................................................51

Mounting an NFS File System..................................................................................................................................52

Save the Running-Configuration............................................................................................................................. 54

Configure the Overload Bit for a Startup Scenario...............................................................................................54

Viewing Files...............................................................................................................................................................54

Compressing Configuration Files.............................................................................................................................55

Managing the File System.............................................................................................................................................. 58

Enabling Software Features on Devices Using a Command Option.........................................................................58

View Command History.................................................................................................................................................. 59

Contents

3

Upgrading Dell Networking OS......................................................................................................................................59

Verify Software Images Before Installation..................................................................................................................59

Using HTTP for File Transfers....................................................................................................................................... 60

4 Management............................................................................................................................................... 62

Configuring Privilege Levels........................................................................................................................................... 62

Creating a Custom Privilege Level...........................................................................................................................63

Removing a Command from EXEC Mode..............................................................................................................63

Moving a Command from EXEC Privilege Mode to EXEC Mode....................................................................... 63

Allowing Access to CONFIGURATION Mode Commands................................................................................... 63

Allowing Access to Different Modes.......................................................................................................................63

Applying a Privilege Level to a Username...............................................................................................................65

Applying a Privilege Level to a Terminal Line......................................................................................................... 65

Configuring Logging........................................................................................................................................................ 65

Audit and Security Logs............................................................................................................................................66

Configuring Logging Format .................................................................................................................................. 68

Display the Logging Buffer and the Logging Configuration................................................................................. 68

Setting Up a Secure Connection to a Syslog Server............................................................................................ 69

Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server......................................................................................................70

Track Login Activity.........................................................................................................................................................70

Restrictions for Tracking Login Activity..................................................................................................................70

Configuring Login Activity Tracking........................................................................................................................ 70

Display Login Statistics.............................................................................................................................................. 71

Limit Concurrent Login Sessions....................................................................................................................................72

Restrictions for Limiting the Number of Concurrent Sessions............................................................................ 72

Configuring Concurrent Session Limit.....................................................................................................................73

Enabling the System to Clear Existing Sessions.................................................................................................... 73

Enabling Secured CLI Mode........................................................................................................................................... 74

Log Messages in the Internal Buffer............................................................................................................................. 74

Configuration Task List for System Log Management......................................................................................... 74

Disabling System Logging............................................................................................................................................... 74

Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server............................................................................................................75

Configuring a UNIX System as a Syslog Server.....................................................................................................75

Changing System Logging Settings.............................................................................................................................. 75

Display the Logging Buffer and the Logging Configuration....................................................................................... 76

Configuring a UNIX Logging Facility Level....................................................................................................................77

Synchronizing Log Messages.........................................................................................................................................78

Enabling Timestamp on Syslog Messages.................................................................................................................... 78

File Transfer Services......................................................................................................................................................79

Configuration Task List for File Transfer Services................................................................................................ 79

Enabling the FTP Server...........................................................................................................................................79

Configuring FTP Server Parameters....................................................................................................................... 79

Configuring FTP Client Parameters........................................................................................................................ 80

Terminal Lines.................................................................................................................................................................. 80

Denying and Permitting Access to a Terminal Line................................................................................................81

Configuring Login Authentication for Terminal Lines............................................................................................82

4

Contents

Setting Timeout for EXEC Privilege Mode...................................................................................................................83

Using Telnet to get to Another Network Device.........................................................................................................83

Lock CONFIGURATION Mode.......................................................................................................................................84

Viewing the Configuration Lock Status.................................................................................................................. 84

Reloading the system......................................................................................................................................................84

Restoring the Factory Default Settings........................................................................................................................85

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................... 85

Restoring Factory Default Environment Variables................................................................................................ 86

5 802.1X......................................................................................................................................................... 88

Port-Authentication Process......................................................................................................................................... 90

EAP over RADIUS......................................................................................................................................................90

Configuring 802.1X...........................................................................................................................................................91

Related Configuration Tasks.....................................................................................................................................91

Important Points to Remember......................................................................................................................................91

Enabling 802.1X................................................................................................................................................................92

Configuring dot1x Profile ................................................................................................................................................93

Configuring MAC addresses for a do1x Profile............................................................................................................ 94

Configuring the Static MAB and MAB Profile .............................................................................................................94

Configuring Critical VLAN ..............................................................................................................................................95

Configuring Request Identity Re-Transmissions..........................................................................................................96

Configuring a Quiet Period after a Failed Authentication.....................................................................................96

Forcibly Authorizing or Unauthorizing a Port............................................................................................................... 97

Re-Authenticating a Port................................................................................................................................................98

Configuring Timeouts......................................................................................................................................................99

Configuring Dynamic VLAN Assignment with Port Authentication.........................................................................100

Guest and Authentication-Fail VLANs..........................................................................................................................101

Configuring a Guest VLAN.......................................................................................................................................101

Configuring an Authentication-Fail VLAN..............................................................................................................101

6 Access Control List (ACL) VLAN Groups and Content Addressable Memory (CAM)................................. 103

Optimizing CAM Utilization During the Attachment of ACLs to VLANs.................................................................103

Guidelines for Configuring ACL VLAN Groups........................................................................................................... 104

Configuring ACL VLAN Groups and Configuring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters.............................................. 104

Configuring ACL VLAN Groups..............................................................................................................................104

Configuring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters...................................................................................................... 105

Viewing CAM Usage...................................................................................................................................................... 106

Allocating FP Blocks for VLAN Processes.................................................................................................................. 107

Unified Forwarding Table (UFT) Modes..................................................................................................................... 108

Configuring UFT Modes.......................................................................................................................................... 108

7 Access Control Lists (ACLs)....................................................................................................................... 110

IP Access Control Lists (ACLs)......................................................................................................................................111

CAM Usage................................................................................................................................................................112

Implementing ACLs on Dell Networking OS.......................................................................................................... 112

Important Points to Remember.....................................................................................................................................114

Contents

5

Configuration Task List for Route Maps................................................................................................................114

Configuring Match Routes.......................................................................................................................................116

Configuring Set Conditions...................................................................................................................................... 117

Configure a Route Map for Route Redistribution.................................................................................................118

Configure a Route Map for Route Tagging........................................................................................................... 119

Continue Clause........................................................................................................................................................ 119

IP Fragment Handling.................................................................................................................................................... 120

IP Fragments ACL Examples.................................................................................................................................. 120

Layer 4 ACL Rules Examples.................................................................................................................................. 120

Configure a Standard IP ACL........................................................................................................................................ 121

Configuring a Standard IP ACL Filter.....................................................................................................................122

Configure an Extended IP ACL.....................................................................................................................................123

Configuring Filters with a Sequence Number.......................................................................................................123

Configuring Filters Without a Sequence Number................................................................................................ 124

Configure Layer 2 and Layer 3 ACLs...........................................................................................................................125

Assign an IP ACL to an Interface................................................................................................................................. 126

Applying an IP ACL.........................................................................................................................................................126

Counting ACL Hits....................................................................................................................................................127

Configure Ingress ACLs................................................................................................................................................. 127

Configure Egress ACLs..................................................................................................................................................127

Applying Egress Layer 3 ACLs (Control-Plane)................................................................................................... 128

IP Prefix Lists..................................................................................................................................................................129

Implementation Information....................................................................................................................................129

Configuration Task List for Prefix Lists................................................................................................................. 129

ACL Resequencing.........................................................................................................................................................133

Resequencing an ACL or Prefix List...................................................................................................................... 133

Route Maps.....................................................................................................................................................................135

Implementation Information....................................................................................................................................135

Logging of ACL Processes............................................................................................................................................135

Guidelines for Configuring ACL Logging............................................................................................................... 136

Configuring ACL Logging........................................................................................................................................ 136

Flow-Based Monitoring Support for ACLs..................................................................................................................137

Behavior of Flow-Based Monitoring...................................................................................................................... 137

Enabling Flow-Based Monitoring............................................................................................................................139

Configuring UDF ACL.................................................................................................................................................... 140

Configuring IP Mirror Access Group............................................................................................................................142

Sample Configuration...............................................................................................................................................143

Example of viewing IP mirror–access–group applied to an Interface...............................................................143

8 Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD)..................................................................................................144

How BFD Works.............................................................................................................................................................144

BFD Packet Format................................................................................................................................................. 145

BFD Sessions............................................................................................................................................................ 146

BFD Three-Way Handshake....................................................................................................................................147

Session State Changes............................................................................................................................................149

Important Points to Remember....................................................................................................................................149

6

Contents

Configure BFD................................................................................................................................................................ 149

Configure BFD for Physical Ports..........................................................................................................................150

Configure BFD for Static Routes............................................................................................................................151

Configure BFD for OSPF.........................................................................................................................................154

Configure BFD for OSPFv3.................................................................................................................................... 157

Configure BFD for IS-IS...........................................................................................................................................158

Configure BFD for BGP...........................................................................................................................................160

Configure BFD for VRRP.........................................................................................................................................167

Configuring Protocol Liveness................................................................................................................................170

Troubleshooting BFD............................................................................................................................................... 170

9 Border Gateway Protocol IPv4 (BGPv4).................................................................................................... 172

Autonomous Systems (AS)...........................................................................................................................................172

Sessions and Peers.........................................................................................................................................................174

Establish a Session................................................................................................................................................... 174

Route Reflectors............................................................................................................................................................ 175

BGP Attributes................................................................................................................................................................176

Best Path Selection Criteria.................................................................................................................................... 177

Weight........................................................................................................................................................................178

Local Preference.......................................................................................................................................................178

Multi-Exit Discriminators (MEDs)...........................................................................................................................179

Origin..........................................................................................................................................................................180

AS Path...................................................................................................................................................................... 181

Next Hop....................................................................................................................................................................181

Multiprotocol BGP.......................................................................................................................................................... 181

Implement BGP with Dell Networking OS...................................................................................................................182

Additional Path (Add-Path) Support..................................................................................................................... 182

Advertise IGP Cost as MED for Redistributed Routes........................................................................................182

Ignore Router-ID in Best-Path Calculation............................................................................................................183

Four-Byte AS Numbers........................................................................................................................................... 183

AS4 Number Representation..................................................................................................................................183

AS Number Migration.............................................................................................................................................. 185

BGP4 Management Information Base (MIB)....................................................................................................... 186

Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................186

Configuration Information............................................................................................................................................. 187

BGP Configuration......................................................................................................................................................... 187

Enabling BGP............................................................................................................................................................ 188

Configuring AS4 Number Representations............................................................................................................191

Configuring Peer Groups.........................................................................................................................................193

Configuring BGP Fast Fall-Over.............................................................................................................................195

Configuring Passive Peering................................................................................................................................... 197

Maintaining Existing AS Numbers During an AS Migration.................................................................................197

Allowing an AS Number to Appear in its Own AS Path.......................................................................................198

Enabling Graceful Restart....................................................................................................................................... 199

Enabling Neighbor Graceful Restart..................................................................................................................... 200

Filtering on an AS-Path Attribute..........................................................................................................................200

Contents

7

Regular Expressions as Filters................................................................................................................................202

Redistributing Routes..............................................................................................................................................203

Enabling Additional Paths....................................................................................................................................... 204

Configuring IP Community Lists............................................................................................................................ 204

Configuring an IP Extended Community List.......................................................................................................205

Filtering Routes with Community Lists.................................................................................................................206

Manipulating the COMMUNITY Attribute............................................................................................................207

Changing MED Attributes...................................................................................................................................... 208

Changing the LOCAL_PREFERENCE Attribute................................................................................................. 208

Configuring the local System or a Different System to be the Next Hop for BGP-Learned Routes...........209

Changing the WEIGHT Attribute........................................................................................................................... 210

Enabling Multipath....................................................................................................................................................210

Filtering BGP Routes............................................................................................................................................... 210

Filtering BGP Routes Using Route Maps.............................................................................................................. 212

Filtering BGP Routes Using AS-PATH Information............................................................................................. 212

Configuring BGP Route Reflectors........................................................................................................................213

Aggregating Routes................................................................................................................................................. 214

Configuring BGP Confederations...........................................................................................................................214

Enabling Route Flap Dampening.............................................................................................................................215

Changing BGP Timers..............................................................................................................................................217

Enabling BGP Neighbor Soft-Reconfiguration..................................................................................................... 217

Enabling or disabling BGP neighbors..................................................................................................................... 218

Route Map Continue...............................................................................................................................................220

Enabling MBGP Configurations................................................................................................................................... 220

BGP Regular Expression Optimization.........................................................................................................................221

Debugging BGP.............................................................................................................................................................. 221

Storing Last and Bad PDUs....................................................................................................................................222

Capturing PDUs....................................................................................................................................................... 223

PDU Counters..........................................................................................................................................................224

Sample Configurations..................................................................................................................................................224

10 Content Addressable Memory (CAM).......................................................................................................231

CAM Allocation............................................................................................................................................................... 231

Test CAM Usage........................................................................................................................................................... 233

View CAM-ACL Settings..............................................................................................................................................233

View CAM Usage...........................................................................................................................................................235

CAM Optimization.........................................................................................................................................................235

Troubleshoot CAM Profiling.........................................................................................................................................235

QoS CAM Region Limitation.................................................................................................................................. 235

11 Control Plane Policing (CoPP)..................................................................................................................237

Configure Control Plane Policing.................................................................................................................................238

Configuring CoPP for Protocols............................................................................................................................239

Configuring CoPP for CPU Queues.......................................................................................................................241

CoPP for OSPFv3 Packets.................................................................................................................................... 242

Configuring CoPP for OSPFv3..............................................................................................................................245

8

Contents

Displaying CoPP Configuration .............................................................................................................................245

12 Data Center Bridging (DCB).....................................................................................................................248

Ethernet Enhancements in Data Center Bridging.....................................................................................................248

Priority-Based Flow Control...................................................................................................................................249

Enhanced Transmission Selection.........................................................................................................................250

Data Center Bridging Exchange Protocol (DCBx)...............................................................................................251

Data Center Bridging in a Traffic Flow................................................................................................................. 252

Enabling Data Center Bridging.....................................................................................................................................252

DCB Maps and its Attributes................................................................................................................................. 253

Data Center Bridging: Default Configuration.............................................................................................................254

Configuring Priority-Based Flow Control....................................................................................................................254

Configuring Lossless Queues.................................................................................................................................255

Configuring PFC in a DCB Map...................................................................................................................................256

PFC Configuration Notes....................................................................................................................................... 256

PFC Prerequisites and Restrictions.......................................................................................................................257

Applying a DCB Map on a Port.................................................................................................................................... 257

Configuring PFC without a DCB Map.........................................................................................................................258

Configuring Lossless QueuesExample:................................................................................................................. 258

Priority-Based Flow Control Using Dynamic Buffer Method...................................................................................260

Pause and Resume of Traffic.................................................................................................................................260

Buffer Sizes for Lossless or PFC Packets............................................................................................................260

Behavior of Tagged Packets.........................................................................................................................................261

Configuration Example for DSCP and PFC Priorities................................................................................................ 261

Using PFC to Manage Converged Ethernet Traffic................................................................................................. 262

Configure Enhanced Transmission Selection.............................................................................................................262

ETS Prerequisites and Restrictions.......................................................................................................................262

Creating an ETS Priority Group............................................................................................................................. 262

ETS Operation with DCBx......................................................................................................................................264

Configuring Bandwidth Allocation for DCBx CIN................................................................................................ 264

Configuring ETS in a DCB Map............................................................................................................................. 265

Hierarchical Scheduling in ETS Output Policies.........................................................................................................266

Using ETS to Manage Converged Ethernet Traffic..................................................................................................267

Applying DCB Policies in a Switch Stack....................................................................................................................267

Configure a DCBx Operation........................................................................................................................................267

DCBx Operation.......................................................................................................................................................267

DCBx Port Roles......................................................................................................................................................268

DCB Configuration Exchange................................................................................................................................ 269

Configuration Source Election............................................................................................................................... 269

Propagation of DCB Information........................................................................................................................... 270

Auto-Detection and Manual Configuration of the DCBx Version......................................................................270

DCBx Example.......................................................................................................................................................... 271

DCBx Prerequisites and Restrictions..................................................................................................................... 271

Configuring DCBx.....................................................................................................................................................271

Verifying the DCB Configuration................................................................................................................................. 275

QoS dot1p Traffic Classification and Queue Assignment.........................................................................................284

Contents

9

Configuring the Dynamic Buffer Method...................................................................................................................285

Sample DCB Configuration...........................................................................................................................................286

PFC and ETS Configuration Command Examples.............................................................................................. 288

13 Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)........................................................................................ 289

DHCP Packet Format and Options.............................................................................................................................289

Assign an IP Address using DHCP............................................................................................................................... 291

Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 292

Configure the System to be a DHCP Server............................................................................................................. 292

Configuring the Server for Automatic Address Allocation................................................................................. 293

Specifying a Default Gateway................................................................................................................................294

Configure a Method of Hostname Resolution..................................................................................................... 294

Using DNS for Address Resolution........................................................................................................................294

Using NetBIOS WINS for Address Resolution.....................................................................................................295

Creating Manual Binding Entries........................................................................................................................... 295

Debugging the DHCP Server.................................................................................................................................295

Using DHCP Clear Commands.............................................................................................................................. 296

Configure the System to be a Relay Agent................................................................................................................296

Configure the System to be a DHCP Client...............................................................................................................298

Configuring the DHCP Client System...................................................................................................................298

DHCP Client on a Management Interface............................................................................................................299

DHCP Client Operation with Other Features...................................................................................................... 300

Configure the System for User Port Stacking (Option 230)................................................................................... 301

Configure Secure DHCP............................................................................................................................................... 301

Option 82...................................................................................................................................................................301

DHCP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................................302

Drop DHCP Packets on Snooped VLANs Only................................................................................................... 305

Dynamic ARP Inspection........................................................................................................................................ 306

Configuring Dynamic ARP Inspection................................................................................................................... 307

Source Address Validation............................................................................................................................................308

Enabling IP Source Address Validation................................................................................................................. 308

DHCP MAC Source Address Validation................................................................................................................309

Enabling IP+MAC Source Address Validation......................................................................................................309

Viewing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets....................................................................................................310

Clearing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets................................................................................................... 310

14 Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP)................................................................................................................. 311

ECMP for Flow-Based Affinity......................................................................................................................................311

Configuring the Hash Algorithm..............................................................................................................................311

Enabling Deterministic ECMP Next Hop................................................................................................................311

Configuring the Hash Algorithm Seed................................................................................................................... 312

Link Bundle Monitoring..................................................................................................................................................312

Managing ECMP Group Paths............................................................................................................................... 313

Creating an ECMP Group Bundle...........................................................................................................................313

Modifying the ECMP Group Threshold................................................................................................................. 313

RTAG7..............................................................................................................................................................................314

10

Contents

Flow-based Hashing for ECMP....................................................................................................................................315

15 FIP Snooping............................................................................................................................................ 318

Fibre Channel over Ethernet.........................................................................................................................................318

Ensure Robustness in a Converged Ethernet Network............................................................................................ 318

FIP Snooping on Ethernet Bridges..............................................................................................................................320

FIP Snooping in a Switch Stack...................................................................................................................................322

Using FIP Snooping....................................................................................................................................................... 322

FIP Snooping Prerequisites.................................................................................................................................... 322

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 322

Enabling the FCoE Transit Feature....................................................................................................................... 323

Enable FIP Snooping on VLANs.............................................................................................................................324

Configure the FC-MAP Value................................................................................................................................ 324

Configure a Port for a Bridge-to-Bridge Link.......................................................................................................324

Configure a Port for a Bridge-to-FCF Link.......................................................................................................... 324

Impact on Other Software Features.....................................................................................................................324

FIP Snooping Restrictions...................................................................................................................................... 325

Configuring FIP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................325

Displaying FIP Snooping Information...........................................................................................................................326

FCoE Transit Configuration Example...........................................................................................................................331

16 Flex Hash and Optimized Boot-Up........................................................................................................... 333

Flex Hash Capability Overview.................................................................................................................................... 333

Configuring the Flex Hash Mechanism.......................................................................................................................333

Configuring Fast Boot and LACP Fast Switchover...................................................................................................334

Optimizing the Boot Time.............................................................................................................................................334

Booting Process When Optimized Boot Time Mechanism is Enabled..............................................................334

Guidelines for Configuring Optimized Booting Mechanism............................................................................... 335

Interoperation of Applications with Fast Boot and System States.........................................................................336

LACP and IPv4 Routing.......................................................................................................................................... 336

LACP and IPv6 Routing..........................................................................................................................................336

BGP Graceful Restart............................................................................................................................................. 337

Cold Boot Caused by Power Cycling the System............................................................................................... 337

Unexpected Reload of the System........................................................................................................................337

Software Upgrade................................................................................................................................................... 337

LACP Fast Switchover............................................................................................................................................337

Changes to BGP Multipath.................................................................................................................................... 338

Delayed Installation of ECMP Routes Into BGP.................................................................................................. 338

RDMA Over Converged Ethernet (RoCE) Overview............................................................................................... 338

Preserving 802.1Q VLAN Tag Value for Lite Subinterfaces.....................................................................................339

17 FIPS Cryptography...................................................................................................................................340

Configuration Tasks...................................................................................................................................................... 340

Preparing the System................................................................................................................................................... 340

Enabling FIPS Mode.......................................................................................................................................................341

Generating Host-Keys................................................................................................................................................... 341

Contents

11

Monitoring FIPS Mode Status...................................................................................................................................... 341

Disabling FIPS Mode..................................................................................................................................................... 342

18 Force10 Resilient Ring Protocol (FRRP)...................................................................................................343

Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................343

Ring Status...............................................................................................................................................................344

Multiple FRRP Rings................................................................................................................................................344

Important FRRP Points...........................................................................................................................................345

Important FRRP Concepts.....................................................................................................................................346

Implementing FRRP.......................................................................................................................................................347

FRRP Configuration.......................................................................................................................................................347

Creating the FRRP Group.......................................................................................................................................347

Configuring the Control VLAN...............................................................................................................................348

Configuring and Adding the Member VLANs.......................................................................................................349

Setting the FRRP Timers....................................................................................................................................... 350

Clearing the FRRP Counters..................................................................................................................................350

Viewing the FRRP Configuration.......................................................................................................................... 350

Viewing the FRRP Information.............................................................................................................................. 350

Troubleshooting FRRP...................................................................................................................................................351

Configuration Checks.............................................................................................................................................. 351

Sample Configuration and Topology............................................................................................................................351

FRRP Support on VLT.................................................................................................................................................. 352

Example Scenario.................................................................................................................................................... 353

Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................354

19 GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP)............................................................................................. 355

Important Points to Remember...................................................................................................................................355

Configure GVRP............................................................................................................................................................ 356

Related Configuration Tasks..................................................................................................................................356

Enabling GVRP Globally................................................................................................................................................ 357

Enabling GVRP on a Layer 2 Interface........................................................................................................................357

Configure GVRP Registration...................................................................................................................................... 357

Configure a GARP Timer.............................................................................................................................................. 358

RPM Redundancy..........................................................................................................................................................358

20 High Availability (HA).............................................................................................................................. 360

Component Redundancy..............................................................................................................................................360

Automatic and Manual Stack Unit Failover..........................................................................................................360

Synchronization between Management and Standby Units.............................................................................. 361

Forcing a Stack Unit Failover..................................................................................................................................361

Specifying an Auto-Failover Limit..........................................................................................................................362

Disabling Auto-Reboot............................................................................................................................................362

Manually Synchronizing Management and Standby Units.................................................................................362

Pre-Configuring a Stack Unit Slot...............................................................................................................................362

Removing a Provisioned Logical Stack Unit...............................................................................................................363

Hitless Behavior............................................................................................................................................................. 363

12

Contents

Graceful Restart............................................................................................................................................................ 363

Software Resiliency.......................................................................................................................................................364

Software Component Health Monitoring.............................................................................................................364

System Health Monitoring......................................................................................................................................364

Failure and Event Logging......................................................................................................................................364

Hot-Lock Behavior........................................................................................................................................................ 365

21 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP).........................................................................................366

IGMP Implementation Information.............................................................................................................................. 366

IGMP Protocol Overview............................................................................................................................................. 366

IGMP Version 2........................................................................................................................................................366

IGMP Version 3........................................................................................................................................................368

Configure IGMP..............................................................................................................................................................371

Related Configuration Tasks................................................................................................................................... 371

Viewing IGMP Enabled Interfaces............................................................................................................................... 372

Selecting an IGMP Version...........................................................................................................................................372

Viewing IGMP Groups...................................................................................................................................................372

Adjusting Timers.............................................................................................................................................................373

Adjusting Query and Response Timers................................................................................................................. 373

Preventing a Host from Joining a Group.................................................................................................................... 374

Enabling IGMP Immediate-Leave.................................................................................................................................377

IGMP Snooping.............................................................................................................................................................. 377

IGMP Snooping Implementation Information....................................................................................................... 377

Configuring IGMP Snooping...................................................................................................................................377

Removing a Group-Port Association.....................................................................................................................378

Disabling Multicast Flooding...................................................................................................................................378

Specifying a Port as Connected to a Multicast Router...................................................................................... 379

Configuring the Switch as Querier........................................................................................................................ 379

Fast Convergence after MSTP Topology Changes..................................................................................................380

Egress Interface Selection (EIS) for HTTP and IGMP Applications....................................................................... 380

Protocol Separation.................................................................................................................................................380

Enabling and Disabling Management Egress Interface Selection...................................................................... 381

Handling of Management Route Configuration...................................................................................................382

Handling of Switch-Initiated Traffic...................................................................................................................... 383

Handling of Switch-Destined Traffic.....................................................................................................................383

Handling of Transit Traffic (Traffic Separation)..................................................................................................384

Mapping of Management Applications and Traffic Type................................................................................... 384

Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Initiated Traffic ...........................................................................385

Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Destined Traffic ......................................................................... 386

Interworking of EIS With Various Applications.....................................................................................................387

Designating a Multicast Router Interface...................................................................................................................388

22 Interfaces................................................................................................................................................ 389

Basic Interface Configuration...................................................................................................................................... 389

Advanced Interface Configuration.............................................................................................................................. 389

Interface Types..............................................................................................................................................................390

Contents

13

View Basic Interface Information................................................................................................................................ 390

Resetting an Interface to its Factory Default State..................................................................................................392

Enabling a Physical Interface....................................................................................................................................... 393

Physical Interfaces........................................................................................................................................................ 393

Configuration Task List for Physical Interfaces...................................................................................................393

Overview of Layer Modes...................................................................................................................................... 393

Configuring Layer 2 (Data Link) Mode................................................................................................................. 394

Configuring Layer 2 (Interface) Mode..................................................................................................................394

Configuring Layer 3 (Network) Mode.................................................................................................................. 395

Configuring Layer 3 (Interface) Mode..................................................................................................................395

Egress Interface Selection (EIS)................................................................................................................................. 396

Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................396

Configuring EIS........................................................................................................................................................ 396

Management Interfaces................................................................................................................................................397

Configuring Management Interfaces.................................................................................................................... 397

Configuring a Management Interface on an Ethernet Port...............................................................................398

VLAN Interfaces............................................................................................................................................................ 399

Loopback Interfaces......................................................................................................................................................400

Null Interfaces................................................................................................................................................................400

Port Channel Interfaces................................................................................................................................................400

Port Channel Definition and Standards................................................................................................................. 401

Port Channel Benefits..............................................................................................................................................401

Port Channel Implementation................................................................................................................................. 401

Interfaces in Port Channels....................................................................................................................................402

Configuration Tasks for Port Channel Interfaces................................................................................................402

Creating a Port Channel......................................................................................................................................... 402

Adding a Physical Interface to a Port Channel.................................................................................................... 403

Reassigning an Interface to a New Port Channel............................................................................................... 404

Configuring the Minimum Oper Up Links in a Port Channel..............................................................................405

Adding or Removing a Port Channel from a VLAN.............................................................................................405

Assigning an IP Address to a Port Channel..........................................................................................................406

Deleting or Disabling a Port Channel.....................................................................................................................407

Load Balancing Through Port Channels............................................................................................................... 407

Changing the Hash Algorithm................................................................................................................................ 407

Bulk Configuration.........................................................................................................................................................408

Interface Range....................................................................................................................................................... 408

Bulk Configuration Examples................................................................................................................................. 408

Defining Interface Range Macros................................................................................................................................ 410

Define the Interface Range.....................................................................................................................................410

Choosing an Interface-Range Macro.....................................................................................................................410

Monitoring and Maintaining Interfaces.........................................................................................................................411

Maintenance Using TDR..........................................................................................................................................412

Non Dell-Qualified Transceivers................................................................................................................................... 412

Splitting 40G Ports without Reload............................................................................................................................. 413

Splitting QSFP Ports to SFP+ Ports............................................................................................................................414

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Contents

Converting a QSFP or QSFP+ Port to an SFP or SFP+ Port.................................................................................. 415

Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................415

Example Scenarios................................................................................................................................................... 416

Configuring wavelength for 10–Gigabit SFP+ optics................................................................................................ 417

Link Dampening...............................................................................................................................................................417

Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................417

Enabling Link Dampening.........................................................................................................................................418

Link Bundle Monitoring..................................................................................................................................................419

Using Ethernet Pause Frames for Flow Control........................................................................................................420

Enabling Pause Frames...........................................................................................................................................420

Configure the MTU Size on an Interface.................................................................................................................... 421

Port-Pipes.......................................................................................................................................................................422

Auto-Negotiation on Ethernet Interfaces...................................................................................................................422

Setting the Speed of Ethernet Interfaces............................................................................................................422

Set Auto-Negotiation Options............................................................................................................................... 424

View Advanced Interface Information........................................................................................................................ 424

Configuring the Interface Sampling Size..............................................................................................................425

Configuring the Traffic Sampling Size Globally..........................................................................................................426

Dynamic Counters......................................................................................................................................................... 428

Clearing Interface Counters................................................................................................................................... 428

23 Internet Protocol Security (IPSec)..........................................................................................................430

Configuring IPSec .........................................................................................................................................................430

24 IPv4 Routing............................................................................................................................................432

IP Addresses...................................................................................................................................................................433

Implementation Information................................................................................................................................... 433

Configuration Tasks for IP Addresses.........................................................................................................................433

Assigning IP Addresses to an Interface...................................................................................................................... 433

Configuring Static Routes............................................................................................................................................ 434

Configure Static Routes for the Management Interface......................................................................................... 435

IPv4 Path MTU Discovery Overview.......................................................................................................................... 436

Using the Configured Source IP Address in ICMP Messages................................................................................. 436

Configuring the ICMP Source Interface...............................................................................................................436

Configuring the Duration to Establish a TCP Connection........................................................................................ 437

Enabling Directed Broadcast........................................................................................................................................437

Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................................................437

Enabling Dynamic Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................438

Specifying the Local System Domain and a List of Domains................................................................................... 438

Configuring DNS with Traceroute...............................................................................................................................439

ARP................................................................................................................................................................................. 439

Configuration Tasks for ARP....................................................................................................................................... 440

Configuring Static ARP Entries....................................................................................................................................440

Enabling Proxy ARP.......................................................................................................................................................440

Clearing ARP Cache.......................................................................................................................................................441

ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................................441

Contents

15

Enabling ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................ 441

ARP Learning via ARP Request....................................................................................................................................441

Configuring ARP Retries...............................................................................................................................................442

ICMP............................................................................................................................................................................... 443

Configuration Tasks for ICMP..................................................................................................................................... 443

Enabling ICMP Unreachable Messages...................................................................................................................... 443

UDP Helper.....................................................................................................................................................................443

Configure UDP Helper............................................................................................................................................ 443

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 444

Enabling UDP Helper.....................................................................................................................................................444

Configuring a Broadcast Address................................................................................................................................444

Configurations Using UDP Helper............................................................................................................................... 445

UDP Helper with Broadcast-All Addresses................................................................................................................ 445

UDP Helper with Subnet Broadcast Addresses........................................................................................................ 446

UDP Helper with Configured Broadcast Addresses..................................................................................................446

UDP Helper with No Configured Broadcast Addresses............................................................................................447

Troubleshooting UDP Helper........................................................................................................................................447

25 IPv6 Routing............................................................................................................................................448

Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................448

Extended Address Space........................................................................................................................................449

Stateless Autoconfiguration...................................................................................................................................449

IPv6 Headers............................................................................................................................................................449

IPv6 Header Fields.................................................................................................................................................. 450

Extension Header Fields......................................................................................................................................... 452

Addressing................................................................................................................................................................453

Implementing IPv6 with Dell Networking OS.............................................................................................................454

ICMPv6...........................................................................................................................................................................455

Path MTU Discovery.....................................................................................................................................................456

IPv6 Neighbor Discovery..............................................................................................................................................456

IPv6 Neighbor Discovery of MTU Packets.......................................................................................................... 457

Configuration Task List for IPv6 RDNSS....................................................................................................................457

Configuring the IPv6 Recursive DNS Server....................................................................................................... 457

Debugging IPv6 RDNSS Information Sent to the Host .....................................................................................458

Displaying IPv6 RDNSS Information..................................................................................................................... 459

Secure Shell (SSH) Over an IPv6 Transport............................................................................................................. 459

Configuration Tasks for IPv6....................................................................................................................................... 460

Adjusting Your CAM-Profile...................................................................................................................................460

Assigning an IPv6 Address to an Interface........................................................................................................... 461

Assigning a Static IPv6 Route................................................................................................................................ 461

Configuring Telnet with IPv6................................................................................................................................. 462

SNMP over IPv6......................................................................................................................................................462

Displaying IPv6 Information....................................................................................................................................462

Displaying an IPv6 Interface Information..............................................................................................................463

Showing IPv6 Routes..............................................................................................................................................463

Showing the Running-Configuration for an Interface........................................................................................ 465

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Contents

Clearing IPv6 Routes...............................................................................................................................................465

Configuring IPv6 RA Guard..........................................................................................................................................465

Configuring IPv6 RA Guard on an Interface.........................................................................................................467

Monitoring IPv6 RA Guard..................................................................................................................................... 468

26 iSCSI Optimization.................................................................................................................................. 469

iSCSI Optimization Overview.......................................................................................................................................469

Monitoring iSCSI Traffic Flows...............................................................................................................................471

Application of Quality of Service to iSCSI Traffic Flows..................................................................................... 471

Information Monitored in iSCSI Traffic Flows.......................................................................................................471

Detection and Auto-Configuration for Dell EqualLogic Arrays...........................................................................472

Configuring Detection and Ports for Dell Compellent Arrays.............................................................................472

Synchronizing iSCSI Sessions Learned on VLT-Lags with VLT-Peer...............................................................473

Enable and Disable iSCSI Optimization................................................................................................................. 473

Default iSCSI Optimization Values...............................................................................................................................474

iSCSI Optimization Prerequisites................................................................................................................................. 474

Configuring iSCSI Optimization....................................................................................................................................474

Displaying iSCSI Optimization Information................................................................................................................. 476

27 Intermediate System to Intermediate System..........................................................................................478

IS-IS Protocol Overview............................................................................................................................................... 478

IS-IS Addressing.............................................................................................................................................................478

Multi-Topology IS-IS......................................................................................................................................................479

Transition Mode....................................................................................................................................................... 479

Interface Support.................................................................................................................................................... 480

Adjacencies...............................................................................................................................................................480

Graceful Restart............................................................................................................................................................ 480

Timers....................................................................................................................................................................... 480

Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 480

Configuration Information............................................................................................................................................. 481

Configuration Tasks for IS-IS.................................................................................................................................482

Configuring the Distance of a Route.....................................................................................................................489

Changing the IS-Type.............................................................................................................................................490

Redistributing IPv4 Routes.....................................................................................................................................492

Redistributing IPv6 Routes.....................................................................................................................................493

Configuring Authentication Passwords................................................................................................................ 494

Setting the Overload Bit.........................................................................................................................................494

Debugging IS-IS.......................................................................................................................................................495

IS-IS Metric Styles.........................................................................................................................................................496

Configure Metric Values...............................................................................................................................................496

Maximum Values in the Routing Table..................................................................................................................497

Change the IS-IS Metric Style in One Level Only................................................................................................497

Leaks from One Level to Another......................................................................................................................... 498

Sample Configurations..................................................................................................................................................499

28 Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP)..............................................................................................502

Contents

17

Introduction to Dynamic LAGs and LACP..................................................................................................................502

Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................502

LACP Modes............................................................................................................................................................503

Configuring LACP Commands...............................................................................................................................503

LACP Configuration Tasks........................................................................................................................................... 504

Creating a LAG........................................................................................................................................................ 504

Configuring the LAG Interfaces as Dynamic........................................................................................................504

Setting the LACP Long Timeout...........................................................................................................................505

Monitoring and Debugging LACP..........................................................................................................................505

Shared LAG State Tracking......................................................................................................................................... 506

Configuring Shared LAG State Tracking..............................................................................................................506

Important Points about Shared LAG State Tracking..........................................................................................508

LACP Basic Configuration Example............................................................................................................................ 508

Configure a LAG on ALPHA...................................................................................................................................508

29 Layer 2..................................................................................................................................................... 517

Manage the MAC Address Table................................................................................................................................. 517

Clearing the MAC Address Table........................................................................................................................... 517

Setting the Aging Time for Dynamic Entries.........................................................................................................517

Configuring a Static MAC Address........................................................................................................................518

Displaying the MAC Address Table........................................................................................................................518

MAC Learning Limit....................................................................................................................................................... 518

Setting the MAC Learning Limit.............................................................................................................................519

mac learning-limit Dynamic..................................................................................................................................... 519

mac learning-limit mac-address-sticky..................................................................................................................519

mac learning-limit station-move............................................................................................................................ 520

mac learning-limit no-station-move...................................................................................................................... 520

Learning Limit Violation Actions.............................................................................................................................520

Setting Station Move Violation Actions.................................................................................................................521

Recovering from Learning Limit and Station Move Violations........................................................................... 521

Disabling MAC Address Learning on the System................................................................................................522

NIC Teaming...................................................................................................................................................................522

Configure Redundant Pairs.......................................................................................................................................... 523

Important Points about Configuring Redundant Pairs........................................................................................525

Far-End Failure Detection............................................................................................................................................ 526

FEFD State Changes...............................................................................................................................................527

Configuring FEFD.................................................................................................................................................... 528

Enabling FEFD on an Interface.............................................................................................................................. 528

Debugging FEFD......................................................................................................................................................529

30 Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)..................................................................................................... 531

802.1AB (LLDP) Overview............................................................................................................................................531

Protocol Data Units..................................................................................................................................................531

Optional TLVs.................................................................................................................................................................532

Management TLVs..................................................................................................................................................532

TIA-1057 (LLDP-MED) Overview............................................................................................................................... 534

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Contents

TIA Organizationally Specific TLVs........................................................................................................................534

Configure LLDP............................................................................................................................................................. 538

Related Configuration Tasks..................................................................................................................................538

Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................538

LLDP Compatibility..................................................................................................................................................539

CONFIGURATION versus INTERFACE Configurations........................................................................................... 539

Enabling LLDP................................................................................................................................................................539

Disabling and Undoing LLDP..................................................................................................................................540

Enabling LLDP on Management Ports........................................................................................................................540

Disabling and Undoing LLDP on Management Ports..........................................................................................540

Advertising TLVs........................................................................................................................................................... 540

Viewing the LLDP Configuration................................................................................................................................. 542

Viewing Information Advertised by Adjacent LLDP Agents.....................................................................................542

Configuring LLDPDU Intervals.....................................................................................................................................543

Configuring Transmit and Receive Mode...................................................................................................................544

Configuring the Time to Live Value.............................................................................................................................544

Debugging LLDP............................................................................................................................................................545

Relevant Management Objects...................................................................................................................................546

31 Microsoft Network Load Balancing...........................................................................................................551

NLB Unicast Mode Scenario.........................................................................................................................................551

NLB Multicast Mode Scenario......................................................................................................................................551

Limitations of the NLB Feature................................................................................................................................... 552

Microsoft Clustering..................................................................................................................................................... 552

Enable and Disable VLAN Flooding ............................................................................................................................ 552

Configuring a Switch for NLB .....................................................................................................................................552

Enabling a Switch for Multicast NLB....................................................................................................................553

32 Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP)........................................................................................ 554

Protocol Overview........................................................................................................................................................ 554

Anycast RP.....................................................................................................................................................................555

Implementation Information.........................................................................................................................................556

Configure Multicast Source Discovery Protocol.......................................................................................................556

Related Configuration Tasks..................................................................................................................................556

Enable MSDP.................................................................................................................................................................560

Manage the Source-Active Cache...............................................................................................................................561

Viewing the Source-Active Cache.........................................................................................................................561

Limiting the Source-Active Cache.........................................................................................................................561

Clearing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................562

Enabling the Rejected Source-Active Cache.......................................................................................................562

Accept Source-Active Messages that Fail the RFP Check.....................................................................................562

Specifying Source-Active Messages.......................................................................................................................... 565

Limiting the Source-Active Messages from a Peer.................................................................................................. 566

Preventing MSDP from Caching a Local Source......................................................................................................566

Preventing MSDP from Caching a Remote Source..................................................................................................567

Preventing MSDP from Advertising a Local Source.................................................................................................567

Contents

19

Logging Changes in Peership States.......................................................................................................................... 568

Terminating a Peership.................................................................................................................................................568

Clearing Peer Statistics................................................................................................................................................ 569

Debugging MSDP..........................................................................................................................................................569

MSDP with Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................570

Configuring Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................ 571

Reducing Source-Active Message Flooding........................................................................................................ 572

Specifying the RP Address Used in SA Messages.............................................................................................. 572

MSDP Sample Configurations......................................................................................................................................574

33 Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP)................................................................................................577

Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................577

Spanning Tree Variations..............................................................................................................................................578

Implementation Information................................................................................................................................... 578

Configure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol............................................................................................................... 578

Related Configuration Tasks.................................................................................................................................. 579

Enable Multiple Spanning Tree Globally......................................................................................................................579

Adding and Removing Interfaces.................................................................................................................................579

Creating Multiple Spanning Tree Instances............................................................................................................... 580

Influencing MSTP Root Selection................................................................................................................................ 581

Interoperate with Non-Dell Bridges............................................................................................................................. 581

Changing the Region Name or Revision.....................................................................................................................582

Modifying Global Parameters.......................................................................................................................................582

Modifying the Interface Parameters...........................................................................................................................583

Configuring an EdgePort..............................................................................................................................................584

Flush MAC Addresses after a Topology Change...................................................................................................... 585

MSTP Sample Configurations......................................................................................................................................585

Router 1 Running-ConfigurationRouter 2 Running-ConfigurationRouter 3 Running-

ConfigurationSFTOS Example Running-Configuration...................................................................................... 586

Debugging and Verifying MSTP Configurations........................................................................................................589

34 Multicast Features................................................................................................................................... 591

Enabling IP Multicast..................................................................................................................................................... 591

Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................591

Multicast Policies...........................................................................................................................................................592

IPv4 Multicast Policies............................................................................................................................................592

Understanding Multicast Traceroute (mtrace)......................................................................................................... 599

Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................600

Printing Multicast Traceroute (mtrace) Paths..........................................................................................................600

Supported Error Codes................................................................................................................................................. 601

mtrace Scenarios...........................................................................................................................................................602

35 Object Tracking.......................................................................................................................................608

Object Tracking Overview............................................................................................................................................608

Track Layer 2 Interfaces.........................................................................................................................................609

Track Layer 3 Interfaces.........................................................................................................................................609

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Contents

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