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PowerSwitch S4048T-ON

Dell PowerSwitch S4048T-ON User guide

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Dell Conguration Guide for the S4048T–ON
System
9.11(2.0P1)
Notes, cautions, and warnings
NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your product.
CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the problem.
WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.
Copyright © 2017 Dell Inc. or its subsidiaries. All rights reserved. Dell, EMC, and other trademarks are trademarks of Dell Inc. or its subsidiaries. Other
trademarks may be trademarks of their respective owners.
2017 - 05
Rev. A00
Contents
1 About this Guide...........................................................................................................................................35
Audience........................................................................................................................................................................... 35
Conventions......................................................................................................................................................................35
Related Documents......................................................................................................................................................... 35
2 Conguration Fundamentals........................................................................................................................ 36
Accessing the Command Line........................................................................................................................................36
CLI Modes.........................................................................................................................................................................36
Navigating CLI Modes............................................................................................................................................... 38
The do Command............................................................................................................................................................. 41
Undoing Commands.........................................................................................................................................................41
Obtaining Help..................................................................................................................................................................42
Entering and Editing Commands....................................................................................................................................42
Command History............................................................................................................................................................ 43
Filtering show Command Outputs.................................................................................................................................43
Example of the grep Keyword.................................................................................................................................. 43
Multiple Users in Conguration Mode...........................................................................................................................44
3 Getting Started............................................................................................................................................45
Console Access................................................................................................................................................................46
Serial Console.............................................................................................................................................................46
Accessing the CLI Interface and Running Scripts Using SSH....................................................................................47
Entering CLI commands Using an SSH Connection..............................................................................................47
Executing Local CLI Scripts Using an SSH Connection........................................................................................ 47
Default Conguration...................................................................................................................................................... 48
Conguring a Host Name............................................................................................................................................... 48
Accessing the System Remotely....................................................................................................................................48
Accessing the System Remotely..............................................................................................................................48
Congure the Management Port IP Address......................................................................................................... 48
Congure a Management Route..............................................................................................................................49
Conguring a Username and Password..................................................................................................................49
Conguring the Enable Password..................................................................................................................................49
Conguration File Management.....................................................................................................................................50
Copy Files to and from the System.........................................................................................................................50
Mounting an NFS File System...................................................................................................................................51
Save the Running-Conguration..............................................................................................................................52
Congure the Overload Bit for a Startup Scenario............................................................................................... 53
Viewing Files...............................................................................................................................................................53
Compressing Conguration Files............................................................................................................................. 54
Managing the File System...............................................................................................................................................57
Enabling Software Features on Devices Using a Command Option..........................................................................57
View Command History.................................................................................................................................................. 58
Contents
3
Upgrading Dell Networking OS...................................................................................................................................... 58
Verify Software Images Before Installation...................................................................................................................58
Using HTTP for File Transfers........................................................................................................................................ 59
4 Management................................................................................................................................................ 61
Conguring Privilege Levels............................................................................................................................................ 61
Creating a Custom Privilege Level............................................................................................................................61
Removing a Command from EXEC Mode.............................................................................................................. 62
Moving a Command from EXEC Privilege Mode to EXEC Mode........................................................................62
Allowing Access to CONFIGURATION Mode Commands....................................................................................62
Allowing Access to Dierent Modes........................................................................................................................62
Applying a Privilege Level to a Username............................................................................................................... 64
Applying a Privilege Level to a Terminal Line.......................................................................................................... 64
Conguring Logging........................................................................................................................................................ 64
Audit and Security Logs............................................................................................................................................65
Conguring Logging Format ...................................................................................................................................66
Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration.................................................................................. 67
Setting Up a Secure Connection to a Syslog Server.............................................................................................67
Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server......................................................................................................69
Track Login Activity......................................................................................................................................................... 69
Restrictions for Tracking Login Activity.................................................................................................................. 69
Conguring Login Activity Tracking.........................................................................................................................69
Display Login Statistics..............................................................................................................................................70
Limit Concurrent Login Sessions.....................................................................................................................................71
Restrictions for Limiting the Number of Concurrent Sessions............................................................................. 71
Conguring Concurrent Session Limit......................................................................................................................71
Enabling the System to Clear Existing Sessions.................................................................................................... 72
Enabling Secured CLI Mode............................................................................................................................................73
Log Messages in the Internal Buer..............................................................................................................................73
Conguration Task List for System Log Management.......................................................................................... 73
Disabling System Logging............................................................................................................................................... 73
Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server............................................................................................................ 74
Conguring a UNIX System as a Syslog Server.....................................................................................................74
Changing System Logging Settings...............................................................................................................................74
Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration........................................................................................ 75
Conguring a UNIX Logging Facility Level....................................................................................................................76
Synchronizing Log Messages......................................................................................................................................... 77
Enabling Timestamp on Syslog Messages.................................................................................................................... 77
File Transfer Services.......................................................................................................................................................78
Conguration Task List for File Transfer Services..................................................................................................78
Enabling the FTP Server........................................................................................................................................... 78
Conguring FTP Server Parameters........................................................................................................................78
Conguring FTP Client Parameters......................................................................................................................... 79
Terminal Lines................................................................................................................................................................... 79
Denying and Permitting Access to a Terminal Line................................................................................................80
Conguring Login Authentication for Terminal Lines..............................................................................................81
4
Contents
Setting Timeout for EXEC Privilege Mode................................................................................................................... 82
Using Telnet to get to Another Network Device..........................................................................................................82
Lock CONFIGURATION Mode....................................................................................................................................... 83
Viewing the Conguration Lock Status...................................................................................................................83
Restoring the Factory Default Settings.........................................................................................................................83
Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................84
Restoring Factory Default Environment Variables................................................................................................. 84
5 802.1X......................................................................................................................................................... 86
Port-Authentication Process..........................................................................................................................................88
EAP over RADIUS......................................................................................................................................................88
Conguring 802.1X...........................................................................................................................................................89
Related Conguration Tasks..................................................................................................................................... 89
Important Points to Remember......................................................................................................................................89
Enabling 802.1X................................................................................................................................................................ 90
Conguring Request Identity Re-Transmissions............................................................................................................91
Conguring a Quiet Period after a Failed Authentication..................................................................................... 92
Forcibly Authorizing or Unauthorizing a Port............................................................................................................... 93
Re-Authenticating a Port................................................................................................................................................93
Conguring Timeouts......................................................................................................................................................94
Conguring Dynamic VLAN Assignment with Port Authentication.......................................................................... 95
Guest and Authentication-Fail VLANs.......................................................................................................................... 96
Conguring a Guest VLAN........................................................................................................................................97
Conguring an Authentication-Fail VLAN............................................................................................................... 97
6 Access Control List (ACL) VLAN Groups and Content Addressable Memory (CAM)....................................99
Optimizing CAM Utilization During the Attachment of ACLs to VLANs...................................................................99
Guidelines for Conguring ACL VLAN Groups........................................................................................................... 100
Conguring ACL VLAN Groups and Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters...............................................100
Conguring ACL VLAN Groups.............................................................................................................................. 100
Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters........................................................................................................101
Viewing CAM Usage...................................................................................................................................................... 102
Allocating FP Blocks for VLAN Processes.................................................................................................................. 103
Unied Forwarding Table (UFT) Modes...................................................................................................................... 104
Conguring UFT Modes.......................................................................................................................................... 104
7 Access Control Lists (ACLs)....................................................................................................................... 106
IP Access Control Lists (ACLs)..................................................................................................................................... 107
CAM Usage...............................................................................................................................................................108
Implementing ACLs on Dell Networking OS..........................................................................................................108
Important Points to Remember.....................................................................................................................................110
Conguration Task List for Route Maps.................................................................................................................110
Conguring Match Routes.......................................................................................................................................112
Conguring Set Conditions......................................................................................................................................113
Congure a Route Map for Route Redistribution..................................................................................................114
Congure a Route Map for Route Tagging............................................................................................................ 115
Contents
5
Continue Clause........................................................................................................................................................ 115
IP Fragment Handling..................................................................................................................................................... 116
IP Fragments ACL Examples................................................................................................................................... 116
Layer 4 ACL Rules Examples................................................................................................................................... 116
Congure a Standard IP ACL.........................................................................................................................................117
Conguring a Standard IP ACL Filter......................................................................................................................118
Congure an Extended IP ACL......................................................................................................................................119
Conguring Filters with a Sequence Number........................................................................................................119
Conguring Filters Without a Sequence Number.................................................................................................120
Congure Layer 2 and Layer 3 ACLs............................................................................................................................ 121
Assign an IP ACL to an Interface..................................................................................................................................122
Applying an IP ACL.........................................................................................................................................................122
Counting ACL Hits....................................................................................................................................................123
Congure Ingress ACLs................................................................................................................................................. 123
Congure Egress ACLs.................................................................................................................................................. 123
Applying Egress Layer 3 ACLs (Control-Plane).................................................................................................... 124
IP Prex Lists.................................................................................................................................................................. 125
Implementation Information.................................................................................................................................... 125
Conguration Task List for Prex Lists.................................................................................................................. 125
ACL Resequencing......................................................................................................................................................... 129
Resequencing an ACL or Prex List.......................................................................................................................129
Route Maps......................................................................................................................................................................131
Implementation Information..................................................................................................................................... 131
Logging of ACL Processes............................................................................................................................................. 131
Guidelines for Conguring ACL Logging................................................................................................................132
Conguring ACL Logging.........................................................................................................................................132
Flow-Based Monitoring Support for ACLs.................................................................................................................. 133
Behavior of Flow-Based Monitoring.......................................................................................................................133
Enabling Flow-Based Monitoring............................................................................................................................134
Conguring UDF ACL.................................................................................................................................................... 135
Conguring IP Mirror Access Group............................................................................................................................ 138
Sample Conguration...............................................................................................................................................139
Example of viewing IP mirror–access–group applied to an Interface................................................................139
8 Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD).................................................................................................. 140
How BFD Works............................................................................................................................................................. 140
BFD Packet Format.................................................................................................................................................. 141
BFD Sessions............................................................................................................................................................ 142
BFD Three-Way Handshake.................................................................................................................................... 143
Session State Changes............................................................................................................................................145
Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................................... 145
Congure BFD................................................................................................................................................................ 145
Congure BFD for Physical Ports...........................................................................................................................146
Congure BFD for Static Routes............................................................................................................................147
Congure BFD for OSPF.........................................................................................................................................150
Congure BFD for OSPFv3.....................................................................................................................................153
6
Contents
Congure BFD for IS-IS...........................................................................................................................................154
Congure BFD for BGP...........................................................................................................................................156
Congure BFD for VRRP.........................................................................................................................................163
Conguring Protocol Liveness................................................................................................................................166
Troubleshooting BFD................................................................................................................................................166
9 Border Gateway Protocol IPv4 (BGPv4).................................................................................................... 168
Autonomous Systems (AS)...........................................................................................................................................168
Sessions and Peers.........................................................................................................................................................170
Establish a Session................................................................................................................................................... 170
Route Reectors..............................................................................................................................................................171
BGP Attributes................................................................................................................................................................172
Best Path Selection Criteria.................................................................................................................................... 172
Weight........................................................................................................................................................................ 174
Local Preference....................................................................................................................................................... 174
Multi-Exit Discriminators (MEDs)...........................................................................................................................175
Origin..........................................................................................................................................................................176
AS Path...................................................................................................................................................................... 177
Next Hop....................................................................................................................................................................177
Multiprotocol BGP.......................................................................................................................................................... 177
Implement BGP with Dell Networking OS...................................................................................................................178
Additional Path (Add-Path) Support...................................................................................................................... 178
Advertise IGP Cost as MED for Redistributed Routes.........................................................................................178
Ignore Router-ID in Best-Path Calculation............................................................................................................ 179
Four-Byte AS Numbers............................................................................................................................................179
AS4 Number Representation.................................................................................................................................. 179
AS Number Migration............................................................................................................................................... 181
BGP4 Management Information Base (MIB)........................................................................................................182
Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 182
Conguration Information..............................................................................................................................................183
BGP Conguration......................................................................................................................................................... 183
Enabling BGP............................................................................................................................................................ 184
Conguring AS4 Number Representations........................................................................................................... 187
Conguring Peer Groups.........................................................................................................................................189
Conguring BGP Fast Fall-Over..............................................................................................................................191
Conguring Passive Peering................................................................................................................................... 193
Maintaining Existing AS Numbers During an AS Migration................................................................................. 193
Allowing an AS Number to Appear in its Own AS Path....................................................................................... 194
Enabling Graceful Restart....................................................................................................................................... 195
Enabling Neighbor Graceful Restart...................................................................................................................... 196
Filtering on an AS-Path Attribute........................................................................................................................... 196
Regular Expressions as Filters.................................................................................................................................198
Redistributing Routes.............................................................................................................................................. 199
Enabling Additional Paths....................................................................................................................................... 200
Conguring IP Community Lists............................................................................................................................ 200
Conguring an IP Extended Community List........................................................................................................201
Contents
7
Filtering Routes with Community Lists................................................................................................................. 202
Manipulating the COMMUNITY Attribute............................................................................................................ 203
Changing MED Attributes.......................................................................................................................................204
Changing the LOCAL_PREFERENCE Attribute..................................................................................................204
Conguring the local System or a Dierent System to be the Next Hop for BGP-Learned Routes............ 205
Changing the WEIGHT Attribute...........................................................................................................................206
Enabling Multipath...................................................................................................................................................206
Filtering BGP Routes...............................................................................................................................................206
Filtering BGP Routes Using Route Maps..............................................................................................................208
Filtering BGP Routes Using AS-PATH Information............................................................................................. 208
Conguring BGP Route Reectors....................................................................................................................... 209
Aggregating Routes..................................................................................................................................................210
Conguring BGP Confederations...........................................................................................................................210
Enabling Route Flap Dampening..............................................................................................................................211
Changing BGP Timers..............................................................................................................................................213
Enabling BGP Neighbor Soft-Reconguration......................................................................................................213
Enabling or disabling BGP neighbors......................................................................................................................214
Route Map Continue................................................................................................................................................216
Enabling MBGP Congurations.................................................................................................................................... 216
Congure IPv6 NH Automatically for IPv6 Prex Advertised over IPv4 Neighbor.......................................... 217
BGP Regular Expression Optimization.........................................................................................................................217
Debugging BGP.............................................................................................................................................................. 217
Storing Last and Bad PDUs.....................................................................................................................................218
Capturing PDUs........................................................................................................................................................219
PDU Counters.......................................................................................................................................................... 220
Sample Congurations.................................................................................................................................................. 220
10 Content Addressable Memory (CAM).......................................................................................................227
CAM Allocation...............................................................................................................................................................227
Test CAM Usage............................................................................................................................................................229
View CAM-ACL Settings.............................................................................................................................................. 229
View CAM Usage............................................................................................................................................................231
CAM Optimization.......................................................................................................................................................... 231
Troubleshoot CAM Proling..........................................................................................................................................232
QoS CAM Region Limitation...................................................................................................................................232
11 Control Plane Policing (CoPP).................................................................................................................. 233
Congure Control Plane Policing................................................................................................................................. 234
Conguring CoPP for Protocols............................................................................................................................ 235
Conguring CoPP for CPU Queues.......................................................................................................................237
CoPP for OSPFv3 Packets.....................................................................................................................................238
Conguring CoPP for OSPFv3............................................................................................................................... 241
Displaying CoPP Conguration ..............................................................................................................................241
12 Data Center Bridging (DCB)..................................................................................................................... 244
Ethernet Enhancements in Data Center Bridging......................................................................................................244
8
Contents
Priority-Based Flow Control................................................................................................................................... 245
Enhanced Transmission Selection..........................................................................................................................246
Data Center Bridging Exchange Protocol (DCBx)...............................................................................................247
Data Center Bridging in a Trac Flow...................................................................................................................248
Enabling Data Center Bridging..................................................................................................................................... 248
DCB Maps and its Attributes..................................................................................................................................249
Data Center Bridging: Default Conguration............................................................................................................. 250
Conguring Priority-Based Flow Control....................................................................................................................250
Conguring Lossless Queues.................................................................................................................................. 251
Conguring PFC in a DCB Map................................................................................................................................... 252
PFC Conguration Notes........................................................................................................................................252
PFC Prerequisites and Restrictions.......................................................................................................................253
Applying a DCB Map on a Port.................................................................................................................................... 253
Conguring PFC without a DCB Map.........................................................................................................................254
Conguring Lossless QueuesExample:..................................................................................................................254
Priority-Based Flow Control Using Dynamic Buer Method................................................................................... 256
Pause and Resume of Trac..................................................................................................................................256
Buer Sizes for Lossless or PFC Packets............................................................................................................ 256
Behavior of Tagged Packets.........................................................................................................................................257
Conguration Example for DSCP and PFC Priorities................................................................................................257
Using PFC to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac.................................................................................................. 258
Congure Enhanced Transmission Selection..............................................................................................................258
ETS Prerequisites and Restrictions....................................................................................................................... 258
Creating an ETS Priority Group............................................................................................................................. 258
ETS Operation with DCBx......................................................................................................................................260
Conguring Bandwidth Allocation for DCBx CIN................................................................................................ 260
Conguring ETS in a DCB Map.............................................................................................................................. 261
Hierarchical Scheduling in ETS Output Policies......................................................................................................... 262
Using ETS to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac...................................................................................................263
Applying DCB Policies in a Switch Stack.................................................................................................................... 263
Congure a DCBx Operation........................................................................................................................................263
DCBx Operation....................................................................................................................................................... 263
DCBx Port Roles...................................................................................................................................................... 264
DCB Conguration Exchange................................................................................................................................ 265
Conguration Source Election............................................................................................................................... 265
Propagation of DCB Information........................................................................................................................... 266
Auto-Detection and Manual Conguration of the DCBx Version...................................................................... 266
DCBx Example..........................................................................................................................................................267
DCBx Prerequisites and Restrictions.....................................................................................................................267
Conguring DCBx.................................................................................................................................................... 267
Verifying the DCB Conguration.................................................................................................................................. 271
QoS dot1p Trac Classication and Queue Assignment..........................................................................................280
Conguring the Dynamic Buer Method.................................................................................................................... 281
Sample DCB Conguration...........................................................................................................................................282
PFC and ETS Conguration Command Examples...............................................................................................284
Contents
9
13 Dynamic Host Conguration Protocol (DHCP).........................................................................................285
DHCP Packet Format and Options............................................................................................................................. 285
Assign an IP Address using DHCP............................................................................................................................... 287
Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................288
Congure the System to be a DHCP Server..............................................................................................................288
Conguring the Server for Automatic Address Allocation..................................................................................289
Specifying a Default Gateway................................................................................................................................290
Congure a Method of Hostname Resolution..................................................................................................... 290
Using DNS for Address Resolution........................................................................................................................290
Using NetBIOS WINS for Address Resolution...................................................................................................... 291
Creating Manual Binding Entries............................................................................................................................ 291
Debugging the DHCP Server..................................................................................................................................291
Using DHCP Clear Commands...............................................................................................................................292
Congure the System to be a Relay Agent................................................................................................................ 292
Congure the System to be a DHCP Client............................................................................................................... 294
Conguring the DHCP Client System...................................................................................................................294
DHCP Client on a Management Interface............................................................................................................296
DHCP Client Operation with Other Features.......................................................................................................296
Congure the System for User Port Stacking (Option 230)....................................................................................297
Congure Secure DHCP............................................................................................................................................... 297
Option 82..................................................................................................................................................................298
DHCP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................................298
Drop DHCP Packets on Snooped VLANs Only.................................................................................................... 301
Dynamic ARP Inspection.........................................................................................................................................302
Conguring Dynamic ARP Inspection................................................................................................................... 303
Source Address Validation............................................................................................................................................ 304
Enabling IP Source Address Validation..................................................................................................................304
DHCP MAC Source Address Validation................................................................................................................ 305
Enabling IP+MAC Source Address Validation.......................................................................................................305
Viewing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets................................................................................................... 306
Clearing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets...................................................................................................306
14 Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP)................................................................................................................ 307
ECMP for Flow-Based Anity..................................................................................................................................... 307
Conguring the Hash Algorithm.............................................................................................................................307
Enabling Deterministic ECMP Next Hop...............................................................................................................307
Conguring the Hash Algorithm Seed.................................................................................................................. 308
Link Bundle Monitoring................................................................................................................................................. 308
Managing ECMP Group Paths...............................................................................................................................309
Creating an ECMP Group Bundle..........................................................................................................................309
Modifying the ECMP Group Threshold................................................................................................................ 309
RTAG7..............................................................................................................................................................................310
Flow-based Hashing for ECMP.....................................................................................................................................311
15 FIP Snooping............................................................................................................................................ 314
10
Contents
Fibre Channel over Ethernet.........................................................................................................................................314
Ensure Robustness in a Converged Ethernet Network.............................................................................................314
FIP Snooping on Ethernet Bridges...............................................................................................................................316
FIP Snooping in a Switch Stack....................................................................................................................................318
Using FIP Snooping........................................................................................................................................................ 318
FIP Snooping Prerequisites......................................................................................................................................318
Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 318
Enabling the FCoE Transit Feature.........................................................................................................................319
Enable FIP Snooping on VLANs.............................................................................................................................320
Congure the FC-MAP Value................................................................................................................................ 320
Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-Bridge Link.......................................................................................................320
Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-FCF Link...........................................................................................................320
Impact on Other Software Features..................................................................................................................... 320
FIP Snooping Restrictions....................................................................................................................................... 321
Conguring FIP Snooping........................................................................................................................................321
Displaying FIP Snooping Information...........................................................................................................................322
FCoE Transit Conguration Example...........................................................................................................................327
16 FIPS Cryptography...................................................................................................................................329
Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................................... 329
Preparing the System....................................................................................................................................................329
Enabling FIPS Mode...................................................................................................................................................... 330
Generating Host-Keys...................................................................................................................................................330
Monitoring FIPS Mode Status......................................................................................................................................330
Disabling FIPS Mode...................................................................................................................................................... 331
17 Force10 Resilient Ring Protocol (FRRP)................................................................................................... 332
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................332
Ring Status............................................................................................................................................................... 333
Multiple FRRP Rings................................................................................................................................................333
Important FRRP Points...........................................................................................................................................334
Important FRRP Concepts.....................................................................................................................................335
Implementing FRRP.......................................................................................................................................................336
FRRP Conguration...................................................................................................................................................... 336
Creating the FRRP Group.......................................................................................................................................336
Conguring the Control VLAN............................................................................................................................... 337
Conguring and Adding the Member VLANs.......................................................................................................338
Setting the FRRP Timers........................................................................................................................................339
Clearing the FRRP Counters..................................................................................................................................339
Viewing the FRRP Conguration...........................................................................................................................339
Viewing the FRRP Information...............................................................................................................................339
Troubleshooting FRRP.................................................................................................................................................. 340
Conguration Checks..............................................................................................................................................340
Sample Conguration and Topology............................................................................................................................340
FRRP Support on VLT................................................................................................................................................... 341
Example Scenario.................................................................................................................................................... 342
Contents
11
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................343
18 GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP)..............................................................................................344
Important Points to Remember....................................................................................................................................344
Congure GVRP............................................................................................................................................................ 345
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................345
Enabling GVRP Globally................................................................................................................................................ 346
Enabling GVRP on a Layer 2 Interface........................................................................................................................346
Congure GVRP Registration...................................................................................................................................... 346
Congure a GARP Timer...............................................................................................................................................347
RPM Redundancy..........................................................................................................................................................347
19 High Availability (HA)............................................................................................................................... 349
Component Redundancy.............................................................................................................................................. 349
Automatic and Manual Stack Unit Failover.......................................................................................................... 349
Synchronization between Management and Standby Units..............................................................................350
Forcing a Stack Unit Failover................................................................................................................................. 350
Specifying an Auto-Failover Limit...........................................................................................................................351
Disabling Auto-Reboot............................................................................................................................................. 351
Manually Synchronizing Management and Standby Units..................................................................................351
Pre-Conguring a Stack Unit Slot................................................................................................................................351
Removing a Provisioned Logical Stack Unit................................................................................................................ 351
Hitless Behavior............................................................................................................................................................. 352
Graceful Restart.............................................................................................................................................................352
Software Resiliency....................................................................................................................................................... 352
Software Component Health Monitoring............................................................................................................. 352
System Health Monitoring......................................................................................................................................352
Failure and Event Logging...................................................................................................................................... 353
Hot-Lock Behavior.........................................................................................................................................................353
20 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP).........................................................................................354
IGMP Implementation Information.............................................................................................................................. 354
IGMP Protocol Overview..............................................................................................................................................354
IGMP Version 2........................................................................................................................................................ 354
IGMP Version 3........................................................................................................................................................356
Congure IGMP............................................................................................................................................................. 359
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................359
Viewing IGMP Enabled Interfaces...............................................................................................................................360
Selecting an IGMP Version...........................................................................................................................................360
Viewing IGMP Groups...................................................................................................................................................360
Adjusting Timers............................................................................................................................................................. 361
Adjusting Query and Response Timers..................................................................................................................361
Preventing a Host from Joining a Group.................................................................................................................... 362
Enabling IGMP Immediate-Leave................................................................................................................................ 365
IGMP Snooping..............................................................................................................................................................365
IGMP Snooping Implementation Information.......................................................................................................365
12
Contents
Conguring IGMP Snooping.................................................................................................................................. 365
Removing a Group-Port Association.....................................................................................................................366
Disabling Multicast Flooding...................................................................................................................................366
Specifying a Port as Connected to a Multicast Router.......................................................................................367
Conguring the Switch as Querier.........................................................................................................................367
Fast Convergence after MSTP Topology Changes...................................................................................................368
Egress Interface Selection (EIS) for HTTP and IGMP Applications........................................................................368
Protocol Separation.................................................................................................................................................368
Enabling and Disabling Management Egress Interface Selection...................................................................... 369
Handling of Management Route Conguration................................................................................................... 370
Handling of Switch-Initiated Trac........................................................................................................................ 371
Handling of Switch-Destined Trac.......................................................................................................................371
Handling of Transit Trac (Trac Separation).....................................................................................................372
Mapping of Management Applications and Trac Type..................................................................................... 372
Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Initiated Trac ............................................................................ 373
Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Destined Trac ...........................................................................374
Interworking of EIS With Various Applications..................................................................................................... 375
Designating a Multicast Router Interface................................................................................................................... 375
21 Interfaces................................................................................................................................................. 377
Basic Interface Conguration....................................................................................................................................... 377
Advanced Interface Conguration............................................................................................................................... 377
Interface Types............................................................................................................................................................... 378
View Basic Interface Information................................................................................................................................. 378
Resetting an Interface to its Factory Default State...................................................................................................380
Enabling a Physical Interface.........................................................................................................................................381
Physical Interfaces..........................................................................................................................................................381
Conguration Task List for Physical Interfaces.....................................................................................................381
Overview of Layer Modes....................................................................................................................................... 381
Conguring Layer 2 (Data Link) Mode..................................................................................................................382
Conguring Layer 2 (Interface) Mode...................................................................................................................382
Conguring Layer 3 (Network) Mode...................................................................................................................383
Conguring Layer 3 (Interface) Mode.................................................................................................................. 383
Egress Interface Selection (EIS)..................................................................................................................................384
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 384
Conguring EIS........................................................................................................................................................ 384
Management Interfaces................................................................................................................................................385
Conguring Management Interfaces.................................................................................................................... 385
Conguring a Management Interface on an Ethernet Port............................................................................... 386
VLAN Interfaces.............................................................................................................................................................387
Loopback Interfaces......................................................................................................................................................388
Null Interfaces................................................................................................................................................................ 388
Port Channel Interfaces................................................................................................................................................388
Port Channel Denition and Standards.................................................................................................................389
Port Channel Benets.............................................................................................................................................389
Port Channel Implementation.................................................................................................................................389
Contents
13
Interfaces in Port Channels.................................................................................................................................... 390
Conguration Tasks for Port Channel Interfaces.................................................................................................390
Creating a Port Channel......................................................................................................................................... 390
Adding a Physical Interface to a Port Channel..................................................................................................... 391
Reassigning an Interface to a New Port Channel................................................................................................392
Conguring the Minimum Oper Up Links in a Port Channel.............................................................................. 393
Adding or Removing a Port Channel from a VLAN............................................................................................. 393
Assigning an IP Address to a Port Channel.......................................................................................................... 394
Deleting or Disabling a Port Channel.....................................................................................................................395
Load Balancing Through Port Channels............................................................................................................... 395
Changing the Hash Algorithm................................................................................................................................395
Bulk Conguration......................................................................................................................................................... 396
Interface Range....................................................................................................................................................... 396
Bulk Conguration Examples..................................................................................................................................396
Dening Interface Range Macros................................................................................................................................ 398
Dene the Interface Range.................................................................................................................................... 398
Choosing an Interface-Range Macro.................................................................................................................... 398
Monitoring and Maintaining Interfaces....................................................................................................................... 399
Maintenance Using TDR.........................................................................................................................................400
Non Dell-Qualied Transceivers...................................................................................................................................400
Splitting 40G Ports without Reload............................................................................................................................. 401
Splitting QSFP Ports to SFP+ Ports........................................................................................................................... 402
Converting a QSFP or QSFP+ Port to an SFP or SFP+ Port..................................................................................403
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 403
Example Scenarios...................................................................................................................................................403
Link Dampening............................................................................................................................................................. 405
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 405
Enabling Link Dampening........................................................................................................................................405
Link Bundle Monitoring..................................................................................................................................................407
Using Ethernet Pause Frames for Flow Control........................................................................................................ 407
Enabling Pause Frames...........................................................................................................................................408
Congure the MTU Size on an Interface....................................................................................................................408
Port-Pipes.......................................................................................................................................................................409
Auto-Negotiation on Ethernet Interfaces...................................................................................................................409
Setting the Speed of Ethernet Interfaces.............................................................................................................410
Set Auto-Negotiation Options................................................................................................................................. 411
View Advanced Interface Information..........................................................................................................................412
Conguring the Interface Sampling Size............................................................................................................... 412
Conguring the Trac Sampling Size Globally........................................................................................................... 414
Dynamic Counters..........................................................................................................................................................415
Clearing Interface Counters.................................................................................................................................... 415
22 Internet Protocol Security (IPSec)........................................................................................................... 417
Conguring IPSec ..........................................................................................................................................................417
23 IPv4 Routing.............................................................................................................................................419
14
Contents
IP Addresses...................................................................................................................................................................420
Implementation Information....................................................................................................................................420
Conguration Tasks for IP Addresses..........................................................................................................................420
Assigning IP Addresses to an Interface.......................................................................................................................420
Conguring Static Routes............................................................................................................................................. 421
Congure Static Routes for the Management Interface.......................................................................................... 422
IPv4 Path MTU Discovery Overview...........................................................................................................................423
Using the Congured Source IP Address in ICMP Messages..................................................................................423
Conguring the ICMP Source Interface............................................................................................................... 423
Conguring the Duration to Establish a TCP Connection........................................................................................ 424
Enabling Directed Broadcast........................................................................................................................................ 424
Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................................................424
Enabling Dynamic Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................425
Specifying the Local System Domain and a List of Domains................................................................................... 425
Conguring DNS with Traceroute................................................................................................................................426
ARP..................................................................................................................................................................................426
Conguration Tasks for ARP.........................................................................................................................................427
Conguring Static ARP Entries.................................................................................................................................... 427
Enabling Proxy ARP....................................................................................................................................................... 427
Clearing ARP Cache...................................................................................................................................................... 428
ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................................428
Enabling ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................428
ARP Learning via ARP Request................................................................................................................................... 428
Conguring ARP Retries...............................................................................................................................................429
ICMP............................................................................................................................................................................... 430
Conguration Tasks for ICMP...................................................................................................................................... 430
Enabling ICMP Unreachable Messages...................................................................................................................... 430
UDP Helper.....................................................................................................................................................................430
Congure UDP Helper.............................................................................................................................................430
Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 431
Enabling UDP Helper......................................................................................................................................................431
Conguring a Broadcast Address................................................................................................................................. 431
Congurations Using UDP Helper............................................................................................................................... 432
UDP Helper with Broadcast-All Addresses.................................................................................................................432
UDP Helper with Subnet Broadcast Addresses.........................................................................................................433
UDP Helper with Congured Broadcast Addresses.................................................................................................. 433
UDP Helper with No Congured Broadcast Addresses............................................................................................434
Troubleshooting UDP Helper........................................................................................................................................ 434
24 IPv6 Routing............................................................................................................................................435
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................435
Extended Address Space........................................................................................................................................436
Stateless Autoconguration................................................................................................................................... 436
IPv6 Headers............................................................................................................................................................436
IPv6 Header Fields...................................................................................................................................................437
Extension Header Fields..........................................................................................................................................439
Contents
15
Addressing................................................................................................................................................................ 440
Implementing IPv6 with Dell Networking OS..............................................................................................................441
ICMPv6...........................................................................................................................................................................442
Path MTU Discovery..................................................................................................................................................... 443
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery.............................................................................................................................................. 443
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery of MTU Packets...........................................................................................................444
Conguration Task List for IPv6 RDNSS.................................................................................................................... 444
Conguring the IPv6 Recursive DNS Server....................................................................................................... 444
Debugging IPv6 RDNSS Information Sent to the Host .....................................................................................445
Displaying IPv6 RDNSS Information......................................................................................................................446
Secure Shell (SSH) Over an IPv6 Transport.............................................................................................................. 446
Conguration Tasks for IPv6........................................................................................................................................ 447
Adjusting Your CAM-Prole.................................................................................................................................... 447
Assigning an IPv6 Address to an Interface........................................................................................................... 448
Assigning a Static IPv6 Route................................................................................................................................448
Conguring Telnet with IPv6..................................................................................................................................449
SNMP over IPv6......................................................................................................................................................449
Displaying IPv6 Information....................................................................................................................................449
Displaying an IPv6 Interface Information.............................................................................................................. 450
Showing IPv6 Routes..............................................................................................................................................450
Showing the Running-Conguration for an Interface.........................................................................................452
Clearing IPv6 Routes...............................................................................................................................................452
Disabling ND Entry Timeout................................................................................................................................... 452
Conguring IPv6 RA Guard.......................................................................................................................................... 453
Conguring IPv6 RA Guard on an Interface.........................................................................................................454
Monitoring IPv6 RA Guard..................................................................................................................................... 455
25 iSCSI Optimization.................................................................................................................................. 456
iSCSI Optimization Overview.......................................................................................................................................456
Monitoring iSCSI Trac Flows...............................................................................................................................458
Application of Quality of Service to iSCSI Trac Flows..................................................................................... 458
Information Monitored in iSCSI Trac Flows.......................................................................................................458
Detection and Auto-Conguration for Dell EqualLogic Arrays...........................................................................459
Conguring Detection and Ports for Dell Compellent Arrays.............................................................................459
Synchronizing iSCSI Sessions Learned on VLT-Lags with VLT-Peer.................................................................460
Enable and Disable iSCSI Optimization.................................................................................................................460
Default iSCSI Optimization Values................................................................................................................................461
iSCSI Optimization Prerequisites.................................................................................................................................. 461
Conguring iSCSI Optimization.................................................................................................................................... 461
Displaying iSCSI Optimization Information..................................................................................................................463
26 Intermediate System to Intermediate System.......................................................................................... 465
IS-IS Protocol Overview............................................................................................................................................... 465
IS-IS Addressing.............................................................................................................................................................465
Multi-Topology IS-IS...................................................................................................................................................... 466
Transition Mode....................................................................................................................................................... 466
16
Contents
Interface Support.....................................................................................................................................................467
Adjacencies...............................................................................................................................................................467
Graceful Restart.............................................................................................................................................................467
Timers........................................................................................................................................................................467
Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................467
Conguration Information.............................................................................................................................................468
Conguration Tasks for IS-IS..................................................................................................................................469
Conguring the Distance of a Route.....................................................................................................................476
Changing the IS-Type...............................................................................................................................................477
Redistributing IPv4 Routes..................................................................................................................................... 479
Redistributing IPv6 Routes.....................................................................................................................................480
Conguring Authentication Passwords..................................................................................................................481
Setting the Overload Bit..........................................................................................................................................481
Debugging IS-IS....................................................................................................................................................... 482
IS-IS Metric Styles.........................................................................................................................................................483
Congure Metric Values................................................................................................................................................483
Maximum Values in the Routing Table.................................................................................................................. 483
Change the IS-IS Metric Style in One Level Only................................................................................................483
Leaks from One Level to Another..........................................................................................................................485
Sample Congurations..................................................................................................................................................486
27 Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP)...............................................................................................488
Introduction to Dynamic LAGs and LACP.................................................................................................................. 488
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 488
LACP Modes............................................................................................................................................................ 489
Conguring LACP Commands...............................................................................................................................489
LACP Conguration Tasks............................................................................................................................................490
Creating a LAG.........................................................................................................................................................490
Conguring the LAG Interfaces as Dynamic........................................................................................................490
Setting the LACP Long Timeout............................................................................................................................ 491
Monitoring and Debugging LACP...........................................................................................................................491
Shared LAG State Tracking.......................................................................................................................................... 492
Conguring Shared LAG State Tracking............................................................................................................... 492
Important Points about Shared LAG State Tracking........................................................................................... 494
LACP Basic Conguration Example............................................................................................................................ 494
Congure a LAG on ALPHA................................................................................................................................... 494
28 Layer 2.....................................................................................................................................................503
Manage the MAC Address Table................................................................................................................................. 503
Clearing the MAC Address Table........................................................................................................................... 503
Setting the Aging Time for Dynamic Entries........................................................................................................503
Conguring a Static MAC Address........................................................................................................................504
Displaying the MAC Address Table........................................................................................................................504
MAC Learning Limit.......................................................................................................................................................504
Setting the MAC Learning Limit............................................................................................................................ 505
mac learning-limit Dynamic.................................................................................................................................... 505
Contents
17
mac learning-limit mac-address-sticky................................................................................................................. 505
mac learning-limit station-move............................................................................................................................ 506
mac learning-limit no-station-move...................................................................................................................... 506
Learning Limit Violation Actions.............................................................................................................................506
Setting Station Move Violation Actions................................................................................................................ 507
Recovering from Learning Limit and Station Move Violations........................................................................... 507
NIC Teaming...................................................................................................................................................................508
Congure Redundant Pairs.......................................................................................................................................... 509
Important Points about Conguring Redundant Pairs..........................................................................................511
Far-End Failure Detection..............................................................................................................................................512
FEFD State Changes................................................................................................................................................513
Conguring FEFD..................................................................................................................................................... 514
Enabling FEFD on an Interface............................................................................................................................... 514
Debugging FEFD.......................................................................................................................................................515
29 Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)...................................................................................................... 517
802.1AB (LLDP) Overview.............................................................................................................................................517
Protocol Data Units.................................................................................................................................................. 517
Optional TLVs..................................................................................................................................................................518
Management TLVs................................................................................................................................................... 518
TIA-1057 (LLDP-MED) Overview................................................................................................................................ 520
TIA Organizationally Specic TLVs........................................................................................................................ 520
Congure LLDP..............................................................................................................................................................524
Related Conguration Tasks................................................................................................................................... 524
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................524
LLDP Compatibility..................................................................................................................................................525
CONFIGURATION versus INTERFACE Congurations............................................................................................ 525
Enabling LLDP................................................................................................................................................................525
Disabling and Undoing LLDP.................................................................................................................................. 526
Enabling LLDP on Management Ports........................................................................................................................526
Disabling and Undoing LLDP on Management Ports.......................................................................................... 526
Advertising TLVs............................................................................................................................................................ 526
Viewing the LLDP Conguration................................................................................................................................. 528
Viewing Information Advertised by Adjacent LLDP Agents..................................................................................... 528
Conguring LLDPDU Intervals.....................................................................................................................................529
Conguring Transmit and Receive Mode................................................................................................................... 530
Conguring the Time to Live Value............................................................................................................................. 530
Debugging LLDP.............................................................................................................................................................531
Relevant Management Objects................................................................................................................................... 532
30 Microsoft Network Load Balancing.......................................................................................................... 537
NLB Unicast Mode Scenario........................................................................................................................................ 537
NLB Multicast Mode Scenario..................................................................................................................................... 537
Limitations of the NLB Feature....................................................................................................................................538
Microsoft Clustering......................................................................................................................................................538
Enable and Disable VLAN Flooding ............................................................................................................................ 538
18
Contents
Conguring a Switch for NLB .....................................................................................................................................538
Enabling a Switch for Multicast NLB.................................................................................................................... 539
31 Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP)..........................................................................................540
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................540
Anycast RP......................................................................................................................................................................541
Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................542
Congure Multicast Source Discovery Protocol........................................................................................................542
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................542
Enable MSDP................................................................................................................................................................. 546
Manage the Source-Active Cache.............................................................................................................................. 547
Viewing the Source-Active Cache.........................................................................................................................547
Limiting the Source-Active Cache.........................................................................................................................547
Clearing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................ 548
Enabling the Rejected Source-Active Cache....................................................................................................... 548
Accept Source-Active Messages that Fail the RFP Check......................................................................................548
Specifying Source-Active Messages........................................................................................................................... 551
Limiting the Source-Active Messages from a Peer...................................................................................................552
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Local Source.......................................................................................................552
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Remote Source.................................................................................................. 553
Preventing MSDP from Advertising a Local Source................................................................................................. 553
Logging Changes in Peership States...........................................................................................................................554
Terminating a Peership..................................................................................................................................................554
Clearing Peer Statistics................................................................................................................................................ 555
Debugging MSDP..........................................................................................................................................................555
MSDP with Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................556
Conguring Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................557
Reducing Source-Active Message Flooding........................................................................................................ 558
Specifying the RP Address Used in SA Messages..............................................................................................558
MSDP Sample Congurations..................................................................................................................................... 560
32 Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP)................................................................................................ 563
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................563
Spanning Tree Variations.............................................................................................................................................. 564
Implementation Information................................................................................................................................... 564
Congure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol................................................................................................................564
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................565
Enable Multiple Spanning Tree Globally...................................................................................................................... 565
Adding and Removing Interfaces.................................................................................................................................565
Creating Multiple Spanning Tree Instances................................................................................................................ 566
Inuencing MSTP Root Selection................................................................................................................................567
Interoperate with Non-Dell Bridges............................................................................................................................. 567
Changing the Region Name or Revision..................................................................................................................... 568
Modifying Global Parameters.......................................................................................................................................568
Modifying the Interface Parameters........................................................................................................................... 569
Conguring an EdgePort.............................................................................................................................................. 570
Contents
19
Flush MAC Addresses after a Topology Change........................................................................................................ 571
MSTP Sample Congurations.......................................................................................................................................571
Router 1 Running-CongurationRouter 2 Running-CongurationRouter 3 Running-
CongurationSFTOS Example Running-Conguration....................................................................................... 572
Debugging and Verifying MSTP Congurations........................................................................................................ 575
33 Multicast Features................................................................................................................................... 577
Enabling IP Multicast..................................................................................................................................................... 577
Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................577
Multicast Policies........................................................................................................................................................... 578
IPv4 Multicast Policies............................................................................................................................................ 578
Understanding Multicast Traceroute (mtrace).......................................................................................................... 585
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 586
Printing Multicast Traceroute (mtrace) Paths........................................................................................................... 586
Supported Error Codes................................................................................................................................................. 587
mtrace Scenarios...........................................................................................................................................................588
34 Object Tracking........................................................................................................................................594
Object Tracking Overview............................................................................................................................................ 594
Track Layer 2 Interfaces......................................................................................................................................... 595
Track Layer 3 Interfaces......................................................................................................................................... 595
Track IPv4 and IPv6 Routes...................................................................................................................................596
Set Tracking Delays..................................................................................................................................................597
VRRP Object Tracking.............................................................................................................................................597
Object Tracking Conguration......................................................................................................................................597
Tracking a Layer 2 Interface................................................................................................................................... 597
Tracking a Layer 3 Interface................................................................................................................................... 598
Track an IPv4/IPv6 Route......................................................................................................................................600
Displaying Tracked Objects...........................................................................................................................................603
35 Open Shortest Path First (OSPFv2 and OSPFv3)................................................................................... 605
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................605
Autonomous System (AS) Areas........................................................................................................................... 605
Area Types................................................................................................................................................................ 606
Networks and Neighbors........................................................................................................................................ 607
Router Types............................................................................................................................................................ 607
Designated and Backup Designated Routers.......................................................................................................609
Link-State Advertisements (LSAs)........................................................................................................................609
Router Priority and Cost..........................................................................................................................................610
OSPF with Dell Networking OS.....................................................................................................................................611
Graceful Restart....................................................................................................................................................... 612
Fast Convergence (OSPFv2, IPv4 Only)...............................................................................................................613
Multi-Process OSPFv2 with VRF...........................................................................................................................613
OSPF ACK Packing.................................................................................................................................................. 613
Setting OSPF Adjacency with Cisco Routers.......................................................................................................613
Conguration Information..............................................................................................................................................614
20
Contents
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