Dell PowerSwitch S4048T-ON User guide

Dell Conguration Guide for the S4048T–ON

System

9.11(2.0P1)

Notes, cautions, and warnings

NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your product.

CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the problem.

WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.

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2017 - 05

Rev. A00

Contents

1 About this Guide...........................................................................................................................................35

Audience........................................................................................................................................................................... 35

Conventions......................................................................................................................................................................35

Related Documents......................................................................................................................................................... 35

2 Conguration Fundamentals........................................................................................................................ 36

Accessing the Command Line........................................................................................................................................36

CLI Modes.........................................................................................................................................................................36

Navigating CLI Modes............................................................................................................................................... 38

The do Command............................................................................................................................................................. 41

Undoing Commands.........................................................................................................................................................41

Obtaining Help..................................................................................................................................................................42

Entering and Editing Commands....................................................................................................................................42

Command History............................................................................................................................................................ 43

Filtering show Command Outputs.................................................................................................................................43

Example of the grep Keyword.................................................................................................................................. 43

Multiple Users in Conguration Mode...........................................................................................................................44

3 Getting Started............................................................................................................................................45

Console Access................................................................................................................................................................46

Serial Console.............................................................................................................................................................46

Accessing the CLI Interface and Running Scripts Using SSH....................................................................................47

Entering CLI commands Using an SSH Connection..............................................................................................47

Executing Local CLI Scripts Using an SSH Connection........................................................................................ 47

Default Conguration...................................................................................................................................................... 48

Conguring a Host Name............................................................................................................................................... 48

Accessing the System Remotely....................................................................................................................................48

Accessing the System Remotely..............................................................................................................................48

Congure the Management Port IP Address......................................................................................................... 48

Congure a Management Route..............................................................................................................................49

Conguring a Username and Password..................................................................................................................49

Conguring the Enable Password..................................................................................................................................49

Conguration File Management.....................................................................................................................................50

Copy Files to and from the System.........................................................................................................................50

Mounting an NFS File System...................................................................................................................................51

Save the Running-Conguration..............................................................................................................................52

Congure the Overload Bit for a Startup Scenario............................................................................................... 53

Viewing Files...............................................................................................................................................................53

Compressing Conguration Files............................................................................................................................. 54

Managing the File System...............................................................................................................................................57

Enabling Software Features on Devices Using a Command Option..........................................................................57

View Command History.................................................................................................................................................. 58

Contents

3

Upgrading Dell Networking OS...................................................................................................................................... 58

Verify Software Images Before Installation...................................................................................................................58

Using HTTP for File Transfers........................................................................................................................................ 59

4 Management................................................................................................................................................ 61

Conguring Privilege Levels............................................................................................................................................ 61

Creating a Custom Privilege Level............................................................................................................................61

Removing a Command from EXEC Mode.............................................................................................................. 62

Moving a Command from EXEC Privilege Mode to EXEC Mode........................................................................62

Allowing Access to CONFIGURATION Mode Commands....................................................................................62

Allowing Access to Dierent Modes........................................................................................................................62

Applying a Privilege Level to a Username............................................................................................................... 64

Applying a Privilege Level to a Terminal Line.......................................................................................................... 64

Conguring Logging........................................................................................................................................................ 64

Audit and Security Logs............................................................................................................................................65

Conguring Logging Format ...................................................................................................................................66

Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration.................................................................................. 67

Setting Up a Secure Connection to a Syslog Server.............................................................................................67

Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server......................................................................................................69

Track Login Activity......................................................................................................................................................... 69

Restrictions for Tracking Login Activity.................................................................................................................. 69

Conguring Login Activity Tracking.........................................................................................................................69

Display Login Statistics..............................................................................................................................................70

Limit Concurrent Login Sessions.....................................................................................................................................71

Restrictions for Limiting the Number of Concurrent Sessions............................................................................. 71

Conguring Concurrent Session Limit......................................................................................................................71

Enabling the System to Clear Existing Sessions.................................................................................................... 72

Enabling Secured CLI Mode............................................................................................................................................73

Log Messages in the Internal Buer..............................................................................................................................73

Conguration Task List for System Log Management.......................................................................................... 73

Disabling System Logging............................................................................................................................................... 73

Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server............................................................................................................ 74

Conguring a UNIX System as a Syslog Server.....................................................................................................74

Changing System Logging Settings...............................................................................................................................74

Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration........................................................................................ 75

Conguring a UNIX Logging Facility Level....................................................................................................................76

Synchronizing Log Messages......................................................................................................................................... 77

Enabling Timestamp on Syslog Messages.................................................................................................................... 77

File Transfer Services.......................................................................................................................................................78

Conguration Task List for File Transfer Services..................................................................................................78

Enabling the FTP Server........................................................................................................................................... 78

Conguring FTP Server Parameters........................................................................................................................78

Conguring FTP Client Parameters......................................................................................................................... 79

Terminal Lines................................................................................................................................................................... 79

Denying and Permitting Access to a Terminal Line................................................................................................80

Conguring Login Authentication for Terminal Lines..............................................................................................81

4

Contents

Setting Timeout for EXEC Privilege Mode................................................................................................................... 82

Using Telnet to get to Another Network Device..........................................................................................................82

Lock CONFIGURATION Mode....................................................................................................................................... 83

Viewing the Conguration Lock Status...................................................................................................................83

Restoring the Factory Default Settings.........................................................................................................................83

Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................84

Restoring Factory Default Environment Variables................................................................................................. 84

5 802.1X......................................................................................................................................................... 86

Port-Authentication Process..........................................................................................................................................88

EAP over RADIUS......................................................................................................................................................88

Conguring 802.1X...........................................................................................................................................................89

Related Conguration Tasks..................................................................................................................................... 89

Important Points to Remember......................................................................................................................................89

Enabling 802.1X................................................................................................................................................................ 90

Conguring Request Identity Re-Transmissions............................................................................................................91

Conguring a Quiet Period after a Failed Authentication..................................................................................... 92

Forcibly Authorizing or Unauthorizing a Port............................................................................................................... 93

Re-Authenticating a Port................................................................................................................................................93

Conguring Timeouts......................................................................................................................................................94

Conguring Dynamic VLAN Assignment with Port Authentication.......................................................................... 95

Guest and Authentication-Fail VLANs.......................................................................................................................... 96

Conguring a Guest VLAN........................................................................................................................................97

Conguring an Authentication-Fail VLAN............................................................................................................... 97

6 Access Control List (ACL) VLAN Groups and Content Addressable Memory (CAM)....................................99

Optimizing CAM Utilization During the Attachment of ACLs to VLANs...................................................................99

Guidelines for Conguring ACL VLAN Groups........................................................................................................... 100

Conguring ACL VLAN Groups and Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters...............................................100

Conguring ACL VLAN Groups.............................................................................................................................. 100

Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters........................................................................................................101

Viewing CAM Usage...................................................................................................................................................... 102

Allocating FP Blocks for VLAN Processes.................................................................................................................. 103

Unied Forwarding Table (UFT) Modes...................................................................................................................... 104

Conguring UFT Modes.......................................................................................................................................... 104

7 Access Control Lists (ACLs)....................................................................................................................... 106

IP Access Control Lists (ACLs)..................................................................................................................................... 107

CAM Usage...............................................................................................................................................................108

Implementing ACLs on Dell Networking OS..........................................................................................................108

Important Points to Remember.....................................................................................................................................110

Conguration Task List for Route Maps.................................................................................................................110

Conguring Match Routes.......................................................................................................................................112

Conguring Set Conditions......................................................................................................................................113

Congure a Route Map for Route Redistribution..................................................................................................114

Congure a Route Map for Route Tagging............................................................................................................ 115

Contents

5

Continue Clause........................................................................................................................................................ 115

IP Fragment Handling..................................................................................................................................................... 116

IP Fragments ACL Examples................................................................................................................................... 116

Layer 4 ACL Rules Examples................................................................................................................................... 116

Congure a Standard IP ACL.........................................................................................................................................117

Conguring a Standard IP ACL Filter......................................................................................................................118

Congure an Extended IP ACL......................................................................................................................................119

Conguring Filters with a Sequence Number........................................................................................................119

Conguring Filters Without a Sequence Number.................................................................................................120

Congure Layer 2 and Layer 3 ACLs............................................................................................................................ 121

Assign an IP ACL to an Interface..................................................................................................................................122

Applying an IP ACL.........................................................................................................................................................122

Counting ACL Hits....................................................................................................................................................123

Congure Ingress ACLs................................................................................................................................................. 123

Congure Egress ACLs.................................................................................................................................................. 123

Applying Egress Layer 3 ACLs (Control-Plane).................................................................................................... 124

IP Prex Lists.................................................................................................................................................................. 125

Implementation Information.................................................................................................................................... 125

Conguration Task List for Prex Lists.................................................................................................................. 125

ACL Resequencing......................................................................................................................................................... 129

Resequencing an ACL or Prex List.......................................................................................................................129

Route Maps......................................................................................................................................................................131

Implementation Information..................................................................................................................................... 131

Logging of ACL Processes............................................................................................................................................. 131

Guidelines for Conguring ACL Logging................................................................................................................132

Conguring ACL Logging.........................................................................................................................................132

Flow-Based Monitoring Support for ACLs.................................................................................................................. 133

Behavior of Flow-Based Monitoring.......................................................................................................................133

Enabling Flow-Based Monitoring............................................................................................................................134

Conguring UDF ACL.................................................................................................................................................... 135

Conguring IP Mirror Access Group............................................................................................................................ 138

Sample Conguration...............................................................................................................................................139

Example of viewing IP mirror–access–group applied to an Interface................................................................139

8 Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD).................................................................................................. 140

How BFD Works............................................................................................................................................................. 140

BFD Packet Format.................................................................................................................................................. 141

BFD Sessions............................................................................................................................................................ 142

BFD Three-Way Handshake.................................................................................................................................... 143

Session State Changes............................................................................................................................................145

Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................................... 145

Congure BFD................................................................................................................................................................ 145

Congure BFD for Physical Ports...........................................................................................................................146

Congure BFD for Static Routes............................................................................................................................147

Congure BFD for OSPF.........................................................................................................................................150

Congure BFD for OSPFv3.....................................................................................................................................153

6

Contents

Congure BFD for IS-IS...........................................................................................................................................154

Congure BFD for BGP...........................................................................................................................................156

Congure BFD for VRRP.........................................................................................................................................163

Conguring Protocol Liveness................................................................................................................................166

Troubleshooting BFD................................................................................................................................................166

9 Border Gateway Protocol IPv4 (BGPv4).................................................................................................... 168

Autonomous Systems (AS)...........................................................................................................................................168

Sessions and Peers.........................................................................................................................................................170

Establish a Session................................................................................................................................................... 170

Route Reectors..............................................................................................................................................................171

BGP Attributes................................................................................................................................................................172

Best Path Selection Criteria.................................................................................................................................... 172

Weight........................................................................................................................................................................ 174

Local Preference....................................................................................................................................................... 174

Multi-Exit Discriminators (MEDs)...........................................................................................................................175

Origin..........................................................................................................................................................................176

AS Path...................................................................................................................................................................... 177

Next Hop....................................................................................................................................................................177

Multiprotocol BGP.......................................................................................................................................................... 177

Implement BGP with Dell Networking OS...................................................................................................................178

Additional Path (Add-Path) Support...................................................................................................................... 178

Advertise IGP Cost as MED for Redistributed Routes.........................................................................................178

Ignore Router-ID in Best-Path Calculation............................................................................................................ 179

Four-Byte AS Numbers............................................................................................................................................179

AS4 Number Representation.................................................................................................................................. 179

AS Number Migration............................................................................................................................................... 181

BGP4 Management Information Base (MIB)........................................................................................................182

Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 182

Conguration Information..............................................................................................................................................183

BGP Conguration......................................................................................................................................................... 183

Enabling BGP............................................................................................................................................................ 184

Conguring AS4 Number Representations........................................................................................................... 187

Conguring Peer Groups.........................................................................................................................................189

Conguring BGP Fast Fall-Over..............................................................................................................................191

Conguring Passive Peering................................................................................................................................... 193

Maintaining Existing AS Numbers During an AS Migration................................................................................. 193

Allowing an AS Number to Appear in its Own AS Path....................................................................................... 194

Enabling Graceful Restart....................................................................................................................................... 195

Enabling Neighbor Graceful Restart...................................................................................................................... 196

Filtering on an AS-Path Attribute........................................................................................................................... 196

Regular Expressions as Filters.................................................................................................................................198

Redistributing Routes.............................................................................................................................................. 199

Enabling Additional Paths....................................................................................................................................... 200

Conguring IP Community Lists............................................................................................................................ 200

Conguring an IP Extended Community List........................................................................................................201

Contents

7

Filtering Routes with Community Lists................................................................................................................. 202

Manipulating the COMMUNITY Attribute............................................................................................................ 203

Changing MED Attributes.......................................................................................................................................204

Changing the LOCAL_PREFERENCE Attribute..................................................................................................204

Conguring the local System or a Dierent System to be the Next Hop for BGP-Learned Routes............ 205

Changing the WEIGHT Attribute...........................................................................................................................206

Enabling Multipath...................................................................................................................................................206

Filtering BGP Routes...............................................................................................................................................206

Filtering BGP Routes Using Route Maps..............................................................................................................208

Filtering BGP Routes Using AS-PATH Information............................................................................................. 208

Conguring BGP Route Reectors....................................................................................................................... 209

Aggregating Routes..................................................................................................................................................210

Conguring BGP Confederations...........................................................................................................................210

Enabling Route Flap Dampening..............................................................................................................................211

Changing BGP Timers..............................................................................................................................................213

Enabling BGP Neighbor Soft-Reconguration......................................................................................................213

Enabling or disabling BGP neighbors......................................................................................................................214

Route Map Continue................................................................................................................................................216

Enabling MBGP Congurations.................................................................................................................................... 216

Congure IPv6 NH Automatically for IPv6 Prex Advertised over IPv4 Neighbor.......................................... 217

BGP Regular Expression Optimization.........................................................................................................................217

Debugging BGP.............................................................................................................................................................. 217

Storing Last and Bad PDUs.....................................................................................................................................218

Capturing PDUs........................................................................................................................................................219

PDU Counters.......................................................................................................................................................... 220

Sample Congurations.................................................................................................................................................. 220

10 Content Addressable Memory (CAM).......................................................................................................227

CAM Allocation...............................................................................................................................................................227

Test CAM Usage............................................................................................................................................................229

View CAM-ACL Settings.............................................................................................................................................. 229

View CAM Usage............................................................................................................................................................231

CAM Optimization.......................................................................................................................................................... 231

Troubleshoot CAM Proling..........................................................................................................................................232

QoS CAM Region Limitation...................................................................................................................................232

11 Control Plane Policing (CoPP).................................................................................................................. 233

Congure Control Plane Policing................................................................................................................................. 234

Conguring CoPP for Protocols............................................................................................................................ 235

Conguring CoPP for CPU Queues.......................................................................................................................237

CoPP for OSPFv3 Packets.....................................................................................................................................238

Conguring CoPP for OSPFv3............................................................................................................................... 241

Displaying CoPP Conguration ..............................................................................................................................241

12 Data Center Bridging (DCB)..................................................................................................................... 244

Ethernet Enhancements in Data Center Bridging......................................................................................................244

8

Contents

Priority-Based Flow Control................................................................................................................................... 245

Enhanced Transmission Selection..........................................................................................................................246

Data Center Bridging Exchange Protocol (DCBx)...............................................................................................247

Data Center Bridging in a Trac Flow...................................................................................................................248

Enabling Data Center Bridging..................................................................................................................................... 248

DCB Maps and its Attributes..................................................................................................................................249

Data Center Bridging: Default Conguration............................................................................................................. 250

Conguring Priority-Based Flow Control....................................................................................................................250

Conguring Lossless Queues.................................................................................................................................. 251

Conguring PFC in a DCB Map................................................................................................................................... 252

PFC Conguration Notes........................................................................................................................................252

PFC Prerequisites and Restrictions.......................................................................................................................253

Applying a DCB Map on a Port.................................................................................................................................... 253

Conguring PFC without a DCB Map.........................................................................................................................254

Conguring Lossless QueuesExample:..................................................................................................................254

Priority-Based Flow Control Using Dynamic Buer Method................................................................................... 256

Pause and Resume of Trac..................................................................................................................................256

Buer Sizes for Lossless or PFC Packets............................................................................................................ 256

Behavior of Tagged Packets.........................................................................................................................................257

Conguration Example for DSCP and PFC Priorities................................................................................................257

Using PFC to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac.................................................................................................. 258

Congure Enhanced Transmission Selection..............................................................................................................258

ETS Prerequisites and Restrictions....................................................................................................................... 258

Creating an ETS Priority Group............................................................................................................................. 258

ETS Operation with DCBx......................................................................................................................................260

Conguring Bandwidth Allocation for DCBx CIN................................................................................................ 260

Conguring ETS in a DCB Map.............................................................................................................................. 261

Hierarchical Scheduling in ETS Output Policies......................................................................................................... 262

Using ETS to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac...................................................................................................263

Applying DCB Policies in a Switch Stack.................................................................................................................... 263

Congure a DCBx Operation........................................................................................................................................263

DCBx Operation....................................................................................................................................................... 263

DCBx Port Roles...................................................................................................................................................... 264

DCB Conguration Exchange................................................................................................................................ 265

Conguration Source Election............................................................................................................................... 265

Propagation of DCB Information........................................................................................................................... 266

Auto-Detection and Manual Conguration of the DCBx Version...................................................................... 266

DCBx Example..........................................................................................................................................................267

DCBx Prerequisites and Restrictions.....................................................................................................................267

Conguring DCBx.................................................................................................................................................... 267

Verifying the DCB Conguration.................................................................................................................................. 271

QoS dot1p Trac Classication and Queue Assignment..........................................................................................280

Conguring the Dynamic Buer Method.................................................................................................................... 281

Sample DCB Conguration...........................................................................................................................................282

PFC and ETS Conguration Command Examples...............................................................................................284

Contents

9

13 Dynamic Host Conguration Protocol (DHCP).........................................................................................285

DHCP Packet Format and Options............................................................................................................................. 285

Assign an IP Address using DHCP............................................................................................................................... 287

Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................288

Congure the System to be a DHCP Server..............................................................................................................288

Conguring the Server for Automatic Address Allocation..................................................................................289

Specifying a Default Gateway................................................................................................................................290

Congure a Method of Hostname Resolution..................................................................................................... 290

Using DNS for Address Resolution........................................................................................................................290

Using NetBIOS WINS for Address Resolution...................................................................................................... 291

Creating Manual Binding Entries............................................................................................................................ 291

Debugging the DHCP Server..................................................................................................................................291

Using DHCP Clear Commands...............................................................................................................................292

Congure the System to be a Relay Agent................................................................................................................ 292

Congure the System to be a DHCP Client............................................................................................................... 294

Conguring the DHCP Client System...................................................................................................................294

DHCP Client on a Management Interface............................................................................................................296

DHCP Client Operation with Other Features.......................................................................................................296

Congure the System for User Port Stacking (Option 230)....................................................................................297

Congure Secure DHCP............................................................................................................................................... 297

Option 82..................................................................................................................................................................298

DHCP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................................298

Drop DHCP Packets on Snooped VLANs Only.................................................................................................... 301

Dynamic ARP Inspection.........................................................................................................................................302

Conguring Dynamic ARP Inspection................................................................................................................... 303

Source Address Validation............................................................................................................................................ 304

Enabling IP Source Address Validation..................................................................................................................304

DHCP MAC Source Address Validation................................................................................................................ 305

Enabling IP+MAC Source Address Validation.......................................................................................................305

Viewing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets................................................................................................... 306

Clearing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets...................................................................................................306

14 Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP)................................................................................................................ 307

ECMP for Flow-Based Anity..................................................................................................................................... 307

Conguring the Hash Algorithm.............................................................................................................................307

Enabling Deterministic ECMP Next Hop...............................................................................................................307

Conguring the Hash Algorithm Seed.................................................................................................................. 308

Link Bundle Monitoring................................................................................................................................................. 308

Managing ECMP Group Paths...............................................................................................................................309

Creating an ECMP Group Bundle..........................................................................................................................309

Modifying the ECMP Group Threshold................................................................................................................ 309

RTAG7..............................................................................................................................................................................310

Flow-based Hashing for ECMP.....................................................................................................................................311

15 FIP Snooping............................................................................................................................................ 314

10

Contents

Fibre Channel over Ethernet.........................................................................................................................................314

Ensure Robustness in a Converged Ethernet Network.............................................................................................314

FIP Snooping on Ethernet Bridges...............................................................................................................................316

FIP Snooping in a Switch Stack....................................................................................................................................318

Using FIP Snooping........................................................................................................................................................ 318

FIP Snooping Prerequisites......................................................................................................................................318

Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 318

Enabling the FCoE Transit Feature.........................................................................................................................319

Enable FIP Snooping on VLANs.............................................................................................................................320

Congure the FC-MAP Value................................................................................................................................ 320

Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-Bridge Link.......................................................................................................320

Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-FCF Link...........................................................................................................320

Impact on Other Software Features..................................................................................................................... 320

FIP Snooping Restrictions....................................................................................................................................... 321

Conguring FIP Snooping........................................................................................................................................321

Displaying FIP Snooping Information...........................................................................................................................322

FCoE Transit Conguration Example...........................................................................................................................327

16 FIPS Cryptography...................................................................................................................................329

Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................................... 329

Preparing the System....................................................................................................................................................329

Enabling FIPS Mode...................................................................................................................................................... 330

Generating Host-Keys...................................................................................................................................................330

Monitoring FIPS Mode Status......................................................................................................................................330

Disabling FIPS Mode...................................................................................................................................................... 331

17 Force10 Resilient Ring Protocol (FRRP)................................................................................................... 332

Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................332

Ring Status............................................................................................................................................................... 333

Multiple FRRP Rings................................................................................................................................................333

Important FRRP Points...........................................................................................................................................334

Important FRRP Concepts.....................................................................................................................................335

Implementing FRRP.......................................................................................................................................................336

FRRP Conguration...................................................................................................................................................... 336

Creating the FRRP Group.......................................................................................................................................336

Conguring the Control VLAN............................................................................................................................... 337

Conguring and Adding the Member VLANs.......................................................................................................338

Setting the FRRP Timers........................................................................................................................................339

Clearing the FRRP Counters..................................................................................................................................339

Viewing the FRRP Conguration...........................................................................................................................339

Viewing the FRRP Information...............................................................................................................................339

Troubleshooting FRRP.................................................................................................................................................. 340

Conguration Checks..............................................................................................................................................340

Sample Conguration and Topology............................................................................................................................340

FRRP Support on VLT................................................................................................................................................... 341

Example Scenario.................................................................................................................................................... 342

Contents

11

Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................343

18 GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP)..............................................................................................344

Important Points to Remember....................................................................................................................................344

Congure GVRP............................................................................................................................................................ 345

Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................345

Enabling GVRP Globally................................................................................................................................................ 346

Enabling GVRP on a Layer 2 Interface........................................................................................................................346

Congure GVRP Registration...................................................................................................................................... 346

Congure a GARP Timer...............................................................................................................................................347

RPM Redundancy..........................................................................................................................................................347

19 High Availability (HA)............................................................................................................................... 349

Component Redundancy.............................................................................................................................................. 349

Automatic and Manual Stack Unit Failover.......................................................................................................... 349

Synchronization between Management and Standby Units..............................................................................350

Forcing a Stack Unit Failover................................................................................................................................. 350

Specifying an Auto-Failover Limit...........................................................................................................................351

Disabling Auto-Reboot............................................................................................................................................. 351

Manually Synchronizing Management and Standby Units..................................................................................351

Pre-Conguring a Stack Unit Slot................................................................................................................................351

Removing a Provisioned Logical Stack Unit................................................................................................................ 351

Hitless Behavior............................................................................................................................................................. 352

Graceful Restart.............................................................................................................................................................352

Software Resiliency....................................................................................................................................................... 352

Software Component Health Monitoring............................................................................................................. 352

System Health Monitoring......................................................................................................................................352

Failure and Event Logging...................................................................................................................................... 353

Hot-Lock Behavior.........................................................................................................................................................353

20 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP).........................................................................................354

IGMP Implementation Information.............................................................................................................................. 354

IGMP Protocol Overview..............................................................................................................................................354

IGMP Version 2........................................................................................................................................................ 354

IGMP Version 3........................................................................................................................................................356

Congure IGMP............................................................................................................................................................. 359

Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................359

Viewing IGMP Enabled Interfaces...............................................................................................................................360

Selecting an IGMP Version...........................................................................................................................................360

Viewing IGMP Groups...................................................................................................................................................360

Adjusting Timers............................................................................................................................................................. 361

Adjusting Query and Response Timers..................................................................................................................361

Preventing a Host from Joining a Group.................................................................................................................... 362

Enabling IGMP Immediate-Leave................................................................................................................................ 365

IGMP Snooping..............................................................................................................................................................365

IGMP Snooping Implementation Information.......................................................................................................365

12

Contents

Conguring IGMP Snooping.................................................................................................................................. 365

Removing a Group-Port Association.....................................................................................................................366

Disabling Multicast Flooding...................................................................................................................................366

Specifying a Port as Connected to a Multicast Router.......................................................................................367

Conguring the Switch as Querier.........................................................................................................................367

Fast Convergence after MSTP Topology Changes...................................................................................................368

Egress Interface Selection (EIS) for HTTP and IGMP Applications........................................................................368

Protocol Separation.................................................................................................................................................368

Enabling and Disabling Management Egress Interface Selection...................................................................... 369

Handling of Management Route Conguration................................................................................................... 370

Handling of Switch-Initiated Trac........................................................................................................................ 371

Handling of Switch-Destined Trac.......................................................................................................................371

Handling of Transit Trac (Trac Separation).....................................................................................................372

Mapping of Management Applications and Trac Type..................................................................................... 372

Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Initiated Trac ............................................................................ 373

Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Destined Trac ...........................................................................374

Interworking of EIS With Various Applications..................................................................................................... 375

Designating a Multicast Router Interface................................................................................................................... 375

21 Interfaces................................................................................................................................................. 377

Basic Interface Conguration....................................................................................................................................... 377

Advanced Interface Conguration............................................................................................................................... 377

Interface Types............................................................................................................................................................... 378

View Basic Interface Information................................................................................................................................. 378

Resetting an Interface to its Factory Default State...................................................................................................380

Enabling a Physical Interface.........................................................................................................................................381

Physical Interfaces..........................................................................................................................................................381

Conguration Task List for Physical Interfaces.....................................................................................................381

Overview of Layer Modes....................................................................................................................................... 381

Conguring Layer 2 (Data Link) Mode..................................................................................................................382

Conguring Layer 2 (Interface) Mode...................................................................................................................382

Conguring Layer 3 (Network) Mode...................................................................................................................383

Conguring Layer 3 (Interface) Mode.................................................................................................................. 383

Egress Interface Selection (EIS)..................................................................................................................................384

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 384

Conguring EIS........................................................................................................................................................ 384

Management Interfaces................................................................................................................................................385

Conguring Management Interfaces.................................................................................................................... 385

Conguring a Management Interface on an Ethernet Port............................................................................... 386

VLAN Interfaces.............................................................................................................................................................387

Loopback Interfaces......................................................................................................................................................388

Null Interfaces................................................................................................................................................................ 388

Port Channel Interfaces................................................................................................................................................388

Port Channel Denition and Standards.................................................................................................................389

Port Channel Benets.............................................................................................................................................389

Port Channel Implementation.................................................................................................................................389

Contents

13

Interfaces in Port Channels.................................................................................................................................... 390

Conguration Tasks for Port Channel Interfaces.................................................................................................390

Creating a Port Channel......................................................................................................................................... 390

Adding a Physical Interface to a Port Channel..................................................................................................... 391

Reassigning an Interface to a New Port Channel................................................................................................392

Conguring the Minimum Oper Up Links in a Port Channel.............................................................................. 393

Adding or Removing a Port Channel from a VLAN............................................................................................. 393

Assigning an IP Address to a Port Channel.......................................................................................................... 394

Deleting or Disabling a Port Channel.....................................................................................................................395

Load Balancing Through Port Channels............................................................................................................... 395

Changing the Hash Algorithm................................................................................................................................395

Bulk Conguration......................................................................................................................................................... 396

Interface Range....................................................................................................................................................... 396

Bulk Conguration Examples..................................................................................................................................396

Dening Interface Range Macros................................................................................................................................ 398

Dene the Interface Range.................................................................................................................................... 398

Choosing an Interface-Range Macro.................................................................................................................... 398

Monitoring and Maintaining Interfaces....................................................................................................................... 399

Maintenance Using TDR.........................................................................................................................................400

Non Dell-Qualied Transceivers...................................................................................................................................400

Splitting 40G Ports without Reload............................................................................................................................. 401

Splitting QSFP Ports to SFP+ Ports........................................................................................................................... 402

Converting a QSFP or QSFP+ Port to an SFP or SFP+ Port..................................................................................403

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 403

Example Scenarios...................................................................................................................................................403

Link Dampening............................................................................................................................................................. 405

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 405

Enabling Link Dampening........................................................................................................................................405

Link Bundle Monitoring..................................................................................................................................................407

Using Ethernet Pause Frames for Flow Control........................................................................................................ 407

Enabling Pause Frames...........................................................................................................................................408

Congure the MTU Size on an Interface....................................................................................................................408

Port-Pipes.......................................................................................................................................................................409

Auto-Negotiation on Ethernet Interfaces...................................................................................................................409

Setting the Speed of Ethernet Interfaces.............................................................................................................410

Set Auto-Negotiation Options................................................................................................................................. 411

View Advanced Interface Information..........................................................................................................................412

Conguring the Interface Sampling Size............................................................................................................... 412

Conguring the Trac Sampling Size Globally........................................................................................................... 414

Dynamic Counters..........................................................................................................................................................415

Clearing Interface Counters.................................................................................................................................... 415

22 Internet Protocol Security (IPSec)........................................................................................................... 417

Conguring IPSec ..........................................................................................................................................................417

23 IPv4 Routing.............................................................................................................................................419

14

Contents

IP Addresses...................................................................................................................................................................420

Implementation Information....................................................................................................................................420

Conguration Tasks for IP Addresses..........................................................................................................................420

Assigning IP Addresses to an Interface.......................................................................................................................420

Conguring Static Routes............................................................................................................................................. 421

Congure Static Routes for the Management Interface.......................................................................................... 422

IPv4 Path MTU Discovery Overview...........................................................................................................................423

Using the Congured Source IP Address in ICMP Messages..................................................................................423

Conguring the ICMP Source Interface............................................................................................................... 423

Conguring the Duration to Establish a TCP Connection........................................................................................ 424

Enabling Directed Broadcast........................................................................................................................................ 424

Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................................................424

Enabling Dynamic Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................425

Specifying the Local System Domain and a List of Domains................................................................................... 425

Conguring DNS with Traceroute................................................................................................................................426

ARP..................................................................................................................................................................................426

Conguration Tasks for ARP.........................................................................................................................................427

Conguring Static ARP Entries.................................................................................................................................... 427

Enabling Proxy ARP....................................................................................................................................................... 427

Clearing ARP Cache...................................................................................................................................................... 428

ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................................428

Enabling ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................428

ARP Learning via ARP Request................................................................................................................................... 428

Conguring ARP Retries...............................................................................................................................................429

ICMP............................................................................................................................................................................... 430

Conguration Tasks for ICMP...................................................................................................................................... 430

Enabling ICMP Unreachable Messages...................................................................................................................... 430

UDP Helper.....................................................................................................................................................................430

Congure UDP Helper.............................................................................................................................................430

Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 431

Enabling UDP Helper......................................................................................................................................................431

Conguring a Broadcast Address................................................................................................................................. 431

Congurations Using UDP Helper............................................................................................................................... 432

UDP Helper with Broadcast-All Addresses.................................................................................................................432

UDP Helper with Subnet Broadcast Addresses.........................................................................................................433

UDP Helper with Congured Broadcast Addresses.................................................................................................. 433

UDP Helper with No Congured Broadcast Addresses............................................................................................434

Troubleshooting UDP Helper........................................................................................................................................ 434

24 IPv6 Routing............................................................................................................................................435

Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................435

Extended Address Space........................................................................................................................................436

Stateless Autoconguration................................................................................................................................... 436

IPv6 Headers............................................................................................................................................................436

IPv6 Header Fields...................................................................................................................................................437

Extension Header Fields..........................................................................................................................................439

Contents

15

Addressing................................................................................................................................................................ 440

Implementing IPv6 with Dell Networking OS..............................................................................................................441

ICMPv6...........................................................................................................................................................................442

Path MTU Discovery..................................................................................................................................................... 443

IPv6 Neighbor Discovery.............................................................................................................................................. 443

IPv6 Neighbor Discovery of MTU Packets...........................................................................................................444

Conguration Task List for IPv6 RDNSS.................................................................................................................... 444

Conguring the IPv6 Recursive DNS Server....................................................................................................... 444

Debugging IPv6 RDNSS Information Sent to the Host .....................................................................................445

Displaying IPv6 RDNSS Information......................................................................................................................446

Secure Shell (SSH) Over an IPv6 Transport.............................................................................................................. 446

Conguration Tasks for IPv6........................................................................................................................................ 447

Adjusting Your CAM-Prole.................................................................................................................................... 447

Assigning an IPv6 Address to an Interface........................................................................................................... 448

Assigning a Static IPv6 Route................................................................................................................................448

Conguring Telnet with IPv6..................................................................................................................................449

SNMP over IPv6......................................................................................................................................................449

Displaying IPv6 Information....................................................................................................................................449

Displaying an IPv6 Interface Information.............................................................................................................. 450

Showing IPv6 Routes..............................................................................................................................................450

Showing the Running-Conguration for an Interface.........................................................................................452

Clearing IPv6 Routes...............................................................................................................................................452

Disabling ND Entry Timeout................................................................................................................................... 452

Conguring IPv6 RA Guard.......................................................................................................................................... 453

Conguring IPv6 RA Guard on an Interface.........................................................................................................454

Monitoring IPv6 RA Guard..................................................................................................................................... 455

25 iSCSI Optimization.................................................................................................................................. 456

iSCSI Optimization Overview.......................................................................................................................................456

Monitoring iSCSI Trac Flows...............................................................................................................................458

Application of Quality of Service to iSCSI Trac Flows..................................................................................... 458

Information Monitored in iSCSI Trac Flows.......................................................................................................458

Detection and Auto-Conguration for Dell EqualLogic Arrays...........................................................................459

Conguring Detection and Ports for Dell Compellent Arrays.............................................................................459

Synchronizing iSCSI Sessions Learned on VLT-Lags with VLT-Peer.................................................................460

Enable and Disable iSCSI Optimization.................................................................................................................460

Default iSCSI Optimization Values................................................................................................................................461

iSCSI Optimization Prerequisites.................................................................................................................................. 461

Conguring iSCSI Optimization.................................................................................................................................... 461

Displaying iSCSI Optimization Information..................................................................................................................463

26 Intermediate System to Intermediate System.......................................................................................... 465

IS-IS Protocol Overview............................................................................................................................................... 465

IS-IS Addressing.............................................................................................................................................................465

Multi-Topology IS-IS...................................................................................................................................................... 466

Transition Mode....................................................................................................................................................... 466

16

Contents

Interface Support.....................................................................................................................................................467

Adjacencies...............................................................................................................................................................467

Graceful Restart.............................................................................................................................................................467

Timers........................................................................................................................................................................467

Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................467

Conguration Information.............................................................................................................................................468

Conguration Tasks for IS-IS..................................................................................................................................469

Conguring the Distance of a Route.....................................................................................................................476

Changing the IS-Type...............................................................................................................................................477

Redistributing IPv4 Routes..................................................................................................................................... 479

Redistributing IPv6 Routes.....................................................................................................................................480

Conguring Authentication Passwords..................................................................................................................481

Setting the Overload Bit..........................................................................................................................................481

Debugging IS-IS....................................................................................................................................................... 482

IS-IS Metric Styles.........................................................................................................................................................483

Congure Metric Values................................................................................................................................................483

Maximum Values in the Routing Table.................................................................................................................. 483

Change the IS-IS Metric Style in One Level Only................................................................................................483

Leaks from One Level to Another..........................................................................................................................485

Sample Congurations..................................................................................................................................................486

27 Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP)...............................................................................................488

Introduction to Dynamic LAGs and LACP.................................................................................................................. 488

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 488

LACP Modes............................................................................................................................................................ 489

Conguring LACP Commands...............................................................................................................................489

LACP Conguration Tasks............................................................................................................................................490

Creating a LAG.........................................................................................................................................................490

Conguring the LAG Interfaces as Dynamic........................................................................................................490

Setting the LACP Long Timeout............................................................................................................................ 491

Monitoring and Debugging LACP...........................................................................................................................491

Shared LAG State Tracking.......................................................................................................................................... 492

Conguring Shared LAG State Tracking............................................................................................................... 492

Important Points about Shared LAG State Tracking........................................................................................... 494

LACP Basic Conguration Example............................................................................................................................ 494

Congure a LAG on ALPHA................................................................................................................................... 494

28 Layer 2.....................................................................................................................................................503

Manage the MAC Address Table................................................................................................................................. 503

Clearing the MAC Address Table........................................................................................................................... 503

Setting the Aging Time for Dynamic Entries........................................................................................................503

Conguring a Static MAC Address........................................................................................................................504

Displaying the MAC Address Table........................................................................................................................504

MAC Learning Limit.......................................................................................................................................................504

Setting the MAC Learning Limit............................................................................................................................ 505

mac learning-limit Dynamic.................................................................................................................................... 505

Contents

17

mac learning-limit mac-address-sticky................................................................................................................. 505

mac learning-limit station-move............................................................................................................................ 506

mac learning-limit no-station-move...................................................................................................................... 506

Learning Limit Violation Actions.............................................................................................................................506

Setting Station Move Violation Actions................................................................................................................ 507

Recovering from Learning Limit and Station Move Violations........................................................................... 507

NIC Teaming...................................................................................................................................................................508

Congure Redundant Pairs.......................................................................................................................................... 509

Important Points about Conguring Redundant Pairs..........................................................................................511

Far-End Failure Detection..............................................................................................................................................512

FEFD State Changes................................................................................................................................................513

Conguring FEFD..................................................................................................................................................... 514

Enabling FEFD on an Interface............................................................................................................................... 514

Debugging FEFD.......................................................................................................................................................515

29 Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)...................................................................................................... 517

802.1AB (LLDP) Overview.............................................................................................................................................517

Protocol Data Units.................................................................................................................................................. 517

Optional TLVs..................................................................................................................................................................518

Management TLVs................................................................................................................................................... 518

TIA-1057 (LLDP-MED) Overview................................................................................................................................ 520

TIA Organizationally Specic TLVs........................................................................................................................ 520

Congure LLDP..............................................................................................................................................................524

Related Conguration Tasks................................................................................................................................... 524

Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................524

LLDP Compatibility..................................................................................................................................................525

CONFIGURATION versus INTERFACE Congurations............................................................................................ 525

Enabling LLDP................................................................................................................................................................525

Disabling and Undoing LLDP.................................................................................................................................. 526

Enabling LLDP on Management Ports........................................................................................................................526

Disabling and Undoing LLDP on Management Ports.......................................................................................... 526

Advertising TLVs............................................................................................................................................................ 526

Viewing the LLDP Conguration................................................................................................................................. 528

Viewing Information Advertised by Adjacent LLDP Agents..................................................................................... 528

Conguring LLDPDU Intervals.....................................................................................................................................529

Conguring Transmit and Receive Mode................................................................................................................... 530

Conguring the Time to Live Value............................................................................................................................. 530

Debugging LLDP.............................................................................................................................................................531

Relevant Management Objects................................................................................................................................... 532

30 Microsoft Network Load Balancing.......................................................................................................... 537

NLB Unicast Mode Scenario........................................................................................................................................ 537

NLB Multicast Mode Scenario..................................................................................................................................... 537

Limitations of the NLB Feature....................................................................................................................................538

Microsoft Clustering......................................................................................................................................................538

Enable and Disable VLAN Flooding ............................................................................................................................ 538

18

Contents

Conguring a Switch for NLB .....................................................................................................................................538

Enabling a Switch for Multicast NLB.................................................................................................................... 539

31 Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP)..........................................................................................540

Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................540

Anycast RP......................................................................................................................................................................541

Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................542

Congure Multicast Source Discovery Protocol........................................................................................................542

Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................542

Enable MSDP................................................................................................................................................................. 546

Manage the Source-Active Cache.............................................................................................................................. 547

Viewing the Source-Active Cache.........................................................................................................................547

Limiting the Source-Active Cache.........................................................................................................................547

Clearing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................ 548

Enabling the Rejected Source-Active Cache....................................................................................................... 548

Accept Source-Active Messages that Fail the RFP Check......................................................................................548

Specifying Source-Active Messages........................................................................................................................... 551

Limiting the Source-Active Messages from a Peer...................................................................................................552

Preventing MSDP from Caching a Local Source.......................................................................................................552

Preventing MSDP from Caching a Remote Source.................................................................................................. 553

Preventing MSDP from Advertising a Local Source................................................................................................. 553

Logging Changes in Peership States...........................................................................................................................554

Terminating a Peership..................................................................................................................................................554

Clearing Peer Statistics................................................................................................................................................ 555

Debugging MSDP..........................................................................................................................................................555

MSDP with Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................556

Conguring Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................557

Reducing Source-Active Message Flooding........................................................................................................ 558

Specifying the RP Address Used in SA Messages..............................................................................................558

MSDP Sample Congurations..................................................................................................................................... 560

32 Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP)................................................................................................ 563

Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................563

Spanning Tree Variations.............................................................................................................................................. 564

Implementation Information................................................................................................................................... 564

Congure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol................................................................................................................564

Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................565

Enable Multiple Spanning Tree Globally...................................................................................................................... 565

Adding and Removing Interfaces.................................................................................................................................565

Creating Multiple Spanning Tree Instances................................................................................................................ 566

Inuencing MSTP Root Selection................................................................................................................................567

Interoperate with Non-Dell Bridges............................................................................................................................. 567

Changing the Region Name or Revision..................................................................................................................... 568

Modifying Global Parameters.......................................................................................................................................568

Modifying the Interface Parameters........................................................................................................................... 569

Conguring an EdgePort.............................................................................................................................................. 570

Contents

19

Flush MAC Addresses after a Topology Change........................................................................................................ 571

MSTP Sample Congurations.......................................................................................................................................571

Router 1 Running-CongurationRouter 2 Running-CongurationRouter 3 Running-

CongurationSFTOS Example Running-Conguration....................................................................................... 572

Debugging and Verifying MSTP Congurations........................................................................................................ 575

33 Multicast Features................................................................................................................................... 577

Enabling IP Multicast..................................................................................................................................................... 577

Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................577

Multicast Policies........................................................................................................................................................... 578

IPv4 Multicast Policies............................................................................................................................................ 578

Understanding Multicast Traceroute (mtrace).......................................................................................................... 585

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 586

Printing Multicast Traceroute (mtrace) Paths........................................................................................................... 586

Supported Error Codes................................................................................................................................................. 587

mtrace Scenarios...........................................................................................................................................................588

34 Object Tracking........................................................................................................................................594

Object Tracking Overview............................................................................................................................................ 594

Track Layer 2 Interfaces......................................................................................................................................... 595

Track Layer 3 Interfaces......................................................................................................................................... 595

Track IPv4 and IPv6 Routes...................................................................................................................................596

Set Tracking Delays..................................................................................................................................................597

VRRP Object Tracking.............................................................................................................................................597

Object Tracking Conguration......................................................................................................................................597

Tracking a Layer 2 Interface................................................................................................................................... 597

Tracking a Layer 3 Interface................................................................................................................................... 598

Track an IPv4/IPv6 Route......................................................................................................................................600

Displaying Tracked Objects...........................................................................................................................................603

35 Open Shortest Path First (OSPFv2 and OSPFv3)................................................................................... 605

Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................605

Autonomous System (AS) Areas........................................................................................................................... 605

Area Types................................................................................................................................................................ 606

Networks and Neighbors........................................................................................................................................ 607

Router Types............................................................................................................................................................ 607

Designated and Backup Designated Routers.......................................................................................................609

Link-State Advertisements (LSAs)........................................................................................................................609

Router Priority and Cost..........................................................................................................................................610

OSPF with Dell Networking OS.....................................................................................................................................611

Graceful Restart....................................................................................................................................................... 612

Fast Convergence (OSPFv2, IPv4 Only)...............................................................................................................613

Multi-Process OSPFv2 with VRF...........................................................................................................................613

OSPF ACK Packing.................................................................................................................................................. 613

Setting OSPF Adjacency with Cisco Routers.......................................................................................................613

Conguration Information..............................................................................................................................................614

20

Contents

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