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Notice
This guide is delivered subject to the following conditions and restrictions:
This guide contains proprietary information belonging to Elmo Motion Control Ltd.
Such information is supplied solely for the purpose of assisting users of the Dragonfly
and Butterfly servo drives in their installation.
The text and graphics included in this manual are for the purpose of illustration and
reference only. The specifications on which they are based are subject to change
without notice.
Elmo Motion Control and the Elmo Motion Control logo are trademarks of Elmo
Motion Control Ltd.
Information in this document is subject to change without notice.
Document No. MAN-DRBUIG
Copyright 2008
Elmo Motion Control Ltd.
All rights reserved.
Hornet/Bee Catalog Numbers:
Maximum DC
Operating Voltage
Continuous Current
(Amps)
BUT- X/YYY
Maximum DC
Operating Voltage
Continuous Current
(Amps)
DRA-
X/YY
Related Products:
Evaluation Board Catalog Number
Evaluation Board User Manual
OCA-EVLBRD-1 (available upon request)
MAN-EVLBRD-OCA (available on our web site)
Revision History:
Ver. 1.1 April 2008 Updated Power Ratings Table in Appendix
Ver. 1.0 June 2007 Initial release
(MAN-DRBUIG.PDF)
Elmo Motion Control Ltd.
64 Gisin St., P.O. Box 463
Petach Tikva 49103
Israel
Tel: +972 (3) 929-2300
Fax: +972 (3) 929-2322
Elmo Motion Control Inc.
1 Park Drive, Suite 12
Westford, MA 01886
USA
Tel: +1 (978) 399-0034
Fax: +1 (978) 399-0035
Elmo Motion Control GmbH
Steinkirchring 1
D-78056, Villingen-Schwenningen
Germany
Tel: +49 (0) 7720-85 77 60
Fax: +49 (0) 7720-85 77 70
www.elmomc.com
Contents
Chapter 1: Safety Information...............................................................................................1-1
1.1 Warnings....................................................................................................................1-2
1.2 Cautions.....................................................................................................................1-2
1.3
Directives and Standards.........................................................................................1-3
1.4 CE Mark Conformance.............................................................................................1-3
1.5 Warranty Information...............................................................................................1-4
Chapter 2: Introduction...........................................................................................................2-1
2.1 ExtrIQ Product Family..............................................................................................2-1
2.2 Product Description..................................................................................................2-2
2.3 Highlights..................................................................................................................2-2
2.4 Fault Protection.........................................................................................................2-3
2.5 How to Use this Guide.............................................................................................2-3
Chapter 3: Installation ............................................................................................................3-1
3.1 Before You Begin.......................................................................................................3-1
3.1.1 Site Requirements.............................................................................................3-1
3.2 Unpacking the Amplifier..........................................................................................3-1
3.3 Dimensions................................................................................................................3-2
3.3.1 Butterfly Dimensions........................................................................................3-2
3.3.2 Dragonfly Dimensions.....................................................................................3-3
3.4 Mounting ...................................................................................................................3-3
3.4.1 Butterfly..............................................................................................................3-3
3.4.2 Dragonfly...........................................................................................................3-3
3.5 Integrating the Dragonfly and Butterfly on a PCB................................................3-4
3.5.1 Traces..................................................................................................................3-4
3.5.2 Grounds and Returns.......................................................................................3-5
3.6 Pin Functions.............................................................................................................3-6
3.6.1 Pinouts................................................................................................................3-6
3.6.2 Connector J1 ......................................................................................................3-7
3.7 Dragonfly/Butterfly Connection Diagram.............................................................3-9
3.8 Evaluation Board and Cable Kit..............................................................................3-9
3.9 DC Power Supply....................................................................................................3-10
3.10 Heat Dissipation......................................................................................................3-12
3.10.1 Butterfly............................................................................................................3-12
3.10.1.1 Thermal Data.........................................................................................3-12
3.10.1.2 Heat Dissipation Data...........................................................................3-12
3.10.1.3 How to Use the Charts.........................................................................3-13
3.10.2 Dragonfly.........................................................................................................3-13
Chapter 4: Servo Control Operation.....................................................................................4-1
4.1 Current Command Input .........................................................................................4-1
4.2 External Current Limit - Continuous (ECLC)........................................................4-1
4.2.1 External Voltage............................................................................................4-1
4.2.2 External Resistor...............................................................................................4-2
4.2.3 External Current Limit - Peak (ECLP)...........................................................4-2
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4.2.4 External Voltage................................................................................................4-2
4.2.5 External Resistor...............................................................................................4-3
4.2.6 Latch Mode (LM)..............................................................................................4-3
4.3 Status Indications......................................................................................................4-3
Appendix: Specifications ......................................................................................................A-1
A.1 General Specifications..............................................................................................A-1
A.1.1 Butterfly.............................................................................................................A-1
A.1.2 Dragonfly..........................................................................................................A-2
A.2 Environmental Specifications.................................................................................A-2
A.3 Standards Compliance.............................................................................................A-3
A.3.1 Quality Assurance...........................................................................................A-3
A.3.2 Design................................................................................................................A-3
A.3.3 Safety.................................................................................................................A-3
A.3.4 EMC...................................................................................................................A-4
A.3.5 Workmanship...................................................................................................A-4
A.3.6 PCB ....................................................................................................................A-4
A.3.7 Packing..............................................................................................................A-4
A.3.8 WEEE*...............................................................................................................A-4
A.3.9 RoHS..................................................................................................................A-4
Dragonfly/Butterfly Installation Guide Contents
MAN-DRBUIG (Ver. 1.1)
ii
Chapter 1: Safety Information
In order to achieve the optimum, safe operation of the Dragonfly and Butterfly servo-
amplifiers, it is imperative that you implement the safety procedures included in this
installation guide. This information is provided to protect you and to keep your work
area safe when operating the Dragonfly and Butterfly and accompanying equipment.
Please read this chapter carefully before you begin the installation process.
Before you start, ensure that all system components are connected to earth ground.
Electrical safety is provided through a low-resistance earth connection.
Only qualified personnel may install, adjust, maintain and repair the servo drive. A
“qualified person” has the knowledge and authorization to perform tasks such as
transporting, assembling, installing, commissioning and operating motors.
The Dragonfly and Butterfly servo drive contain electrostatic-sensitive components that
can be damaged if handled incorrectly. To prevent any electrostatic damage, avoid
contact with highly insulating materials, such as plastic film and synthetic fabrics. Place
the product on a conductive surface and ground yourself in order to discharge any
possible static electricity build-up.
To avoid any potential hazards that may cause severe personal injury or damage to the
product during operation, keep all covers and cabinet doors shut.
The following safety symbols are used in this manual:
Warning:
This information is needed to avoid a safety hazard, which might cause
bodily injury.
Caution:
This information is necessary for preventing damage to the product or
to other equipment.
Note:
This is auxiliary information that ensures the correct operation of the
equipment.
Dragonfly/Butterfly Installation Guide
MAN-DRBUIG (Ver. 1.1)
1-1
1.1 Warnings
Cleaning after soldering
To avoid the damage of the product's acrylic coating the
Dragonfly/Butterfly must not be cleaned after soldering by dissolving
solvents and /or "water" cleaning process. For more details:
http://www.elmomc.com/applications/article/Soldering-and-
Cleaning_Application-Note.pdf
To avoid electric arcing and hazards to personnel and electrical contacts,
never connect/disconnect the servo drive while the power source is on.
Power cables can carry a high voltage, even when the motor is not in
motion. Disconnect the Dragonfly and Butterfly from all voltage sources
before they are opened for servicing.
The Dragonfly and Butterfly servo drive contain grounding conduits for
electric current protection. Any disruption to these conduits may cause
the instrument to become hot (live) and dangerous.
After shutting off the power and removing the power source from your
equipment, wait at least 1 minute before touching or disconnecting parts
of the equipment that are normally loaded with electrical charges (such as
capacitors or contacts). Measuring the electrical contact points with a
meter, before touching the equipment, is recommended.
1.2 Cautions
The Dragonfly and Butterfly servo drives contain hot surfaces and
electrically-charged components during operation.
The maximum DC power supply connected to the instrument must
comply with the parameters outlined in this guide.
When connecting the Dragonfly and Butterfly to an approved 12 ~ 95
VDC auxiliary power supply, connect them through a line that is
separated from hazardous live voltages using reinforced or double
insulation in accordance with approved safety standards.
Before switching on the Dragonfly and Butterfly, verify that all safety
precautions have been observed and that the installation procedures in
this manual have been followed.
Dragonfly/Butterfly Installation Guide Safety Information
MAN-DRBUIG (Ver. 1.1)
1-2
1.3 Directives and Standards
The Dragonfly and Butterfly conform to the following industry safety standards:
Safety Standard Item
In compliance with MIL-STD-704
Aircraft, Electric Power Characteristics
In compliance with MIL-STD-810
Environmental Engineering Considerations and
Laboratory Tests
In compliance with MIL-STD-1275
Characteristics of 28 Volt DC Electrical Systems in
Military Vehicles
In compliance with MIL-STD-461
Requirements for the Control of Electromagnetic
Interference Characteristics of Subsystems and
Equipment
In compliance with MIL-HDBK-217
Reliability Prediction of Electronic Equipment
In compliance with ISO-9001:2000
Quality Management
In compliance with UL508c Power Conversion Equipment
In compliance with UL840
Insulation Coordination, Including Clearance and
Creepage Distances of Electrical Equipment
In compliance with UL60950-1
(formerly UL1950)
Safety of Information Technology Equipment,
Including Electrical Business Equipment
In compliance with EN60204-1 Low Voltage Directive, 73/23/EEC
The Dragonfly and Butterfly servo drives have been developed, produced, tested and
documented in accordance with the relevant standards. Elmo Motion Control is not
responsible for any deviation from the configuration and installation described in this
documentation. Furthermore, Elmo is not responsible for the performance of new
measurements or ensuring that regulatory requirements are met.
1.4 CE Mark Conformance
The Dragonfly and Butterfly servo drives are intended for incorporation in a machine or
end product. The actual end product must comply with all safety aspects of the relevant
requirements of the European Safety of Machinery Directive 98/37/EC as amended, and
with those of the most recent versions of standards EN60204-1 and EN292-2 at the least.
According to Annex III of Article 13 of Council Directive 93/68/EEC, amending Council
Directive 73/23/EEC concerning electrical equipment designed for use within certain
voltage limits, the Butterfly and Dragonfly meet the provisions outlined in Council
Directive 73/23/EEC. The party responsible for ensuring that the equipment meets the
limits required by EMC regulations is the manufacturer of the end product.
Dragonfly/Butterfly Installation Guide Safety Information
MAN-DRBUIG (Ver. 1.1)
1-3
1.5 Warranty Information
The products covered in this manual are warranted to be free of defects in material and
workmanship and conform to the specifications stated either within this document or in
the product catalog description. All Elmo drives are warranted for a period of 12 months
from the time of installation, or 18 months from time of shipment, whichever comes first.
No other warranties, expressed or implied — and including a warranty of
merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose — extend beyond this warranty.
Dragonfly/Butterfly Installation Guide Safety Information
MAN-DRBUIG (Ver. 1.1)
1-4
Cymbal Installation Guide Introduction
MAN-CYMIG (Ver. 1.1)
2-1
Chapter 2: Introduction
This Installation Guide is intended for design engineers who are integrating Elmo Motion
Control Cymbal servo amplifiers into a machine.
2.1 Product Description
The Cymbal series of servo amplifiers is designed to operate in the current mode
controlling permanent-magnet trapezoidal brushless motor and DC brush motor.
The Cymbal exhibits “the highest density of power and intelligence” and can deliver up
to 11.3 kW of continuous power or 13.6 k W of peak power in a most compact and
efficient package.
The Cymbal operates from a DC power source in the range of 12 ~ 195 VDC.
The Power stage of the Cymbal is fully isolated from other sections of the Cymbal, such
as the control stage and the heatsink. This contributes very significantly to the safety and
the EMI immunity of the Cymbal. In addition it simplifies the requirements of the DC
power supply used to power the DC bus of the Cymbal and allows also the operation
with a non-isolated DC power source.
The Cymbal incorporates full custom mixed analog/digital ICs and a hybrid power
stage. The basic configuration is a current mode amplifier targeting the OEM market. As
such, no trimmers are used in the basic version. In addition to its compliance with
relevant MIL standards, the Cymbal amplifier also meets UL508c and the relevant CE
regulations.
The Cymbal power stage is implemented on ceramic substrates. This design enables very
high thermal conductivity, high current carrying capacity, improved EMC and good
mechanical strength. The control section is implemented by dedicated custom ICs that
contribute to enhanced performance and reliability.
2.2 Standard Features
• Operates in current mode
• Internal DC-to-DC converter, which allows for operation from a single supply
• Zero dead-band
• Excellent linearity
• One differential input
• Motor current monitor
• Current gain change for low inductance motors
• Remote current gain control
• Status indication and remote control functions by four open collector transistors
• External continuous and peak current-limit adjustments
• Package: plated-aluminum base plate, plastic housing, UL94V0 recognized
• Ultra-lightweight of 700 grams (24.7 oz)
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2.3 Fault Protection
Built-in protection against possible fault conditions, including:
• Shorts between the outputs or between each output and the power input/return
• Over-heating
• Under/over voltage
• Failure of internal power supplies
• Latch mode for each protective feature
2.4 How to Use this Guide
Installation is the first step in integrating and operating the Elmo Cymbal servo
amplifiers. After carefully reading the safety instructions in the first chapter, the
following chapters provide you with installation instructions as follows:
Chapter 3, Installation, provides step-by-step instructions for unpacking, mounting and
connecting the Cymbal.
Chapter 4, Servo Control Operation, explains how to control the operation of the servo
amplifier.
The Appendix, Technical Specifications, lists all the drive ratings and specifications.
Chapter 3: Installation
3.1 Before You Begin
3.1.1 Site Requirements
You can guarantee the safe operation of the Dragonfly and Butterfly by ensuring that they are
installed in an appropriate environment.
Feature Value
Ambient operating temperature -40 °C to +70 °C (-40 °F to 160 °F)
Maximum relative humidity 95% non-condensing
Operating area atmosphere No flammable gases or vapors permitted in area
Note: Models for extended environmental conditions are available.
The Dragonfly and Butterfly dissipate their heat by convection. The maximum
ambient operating temperature of –40 °C to +70 °C (-40 °F to 160 °F) must not
be exceeded.
3.2 Unpacking the Amplifier
To unpack the Dragonfly and Butterfly:
Carefully remove the servo amplifier from the box and the Styrofoam.
1. Check the amplifier to ensure that there is no visible damage to the instrument. If any
damage has occurred, report immediately to the carrier that delivered your amplifier.
2. To ensure that the Dragonfly or Butterfly you have unpacked is the appropriate type for
your requirements, find the part number sticker on the side of the product:
The P/N gives the type designation
as follows:
Maximum DC
Operating Voltage
Continuous Current
(Amps)
BUT- X/YYY
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Maximum DC
Operating Voltage
Continuous Current
(Amps)
DRA-
X/YY
3. Verify that the Dragonfly or Butterfly type is the one that you ordered, and ensure that
the voltage meets your specific requirements.
3.3 Dimensions
3.3.1 Butterfly Dimensions
Figure 3-1: Butterfly Dimensions
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3.3.2 Dragonfly Dimensions
Figure 3-2: Dragonfly Dimensions
3.4 Mounting
3.4.1 Butterfly
The Butterfly was designed for mounting on a printed circuit board (PCB). It is connected by
2mm pitch 0.51 mm square pins. When designing the Butterfly into a device, be sure to leave
about 1 cm (0.4") outward from the heatsink to enable free air convection around the Butterfly.
We recommend that the Butterfly be soldered directly to the board. Alternatively, the Butterfly
can be attached to socket connectors mounted on the PCB. If the PCB is enclosed in a metal
chassis, we recommend that the Butterfly be screw-mounted to it as well to help with heat
dissipation. The Butterfly has screw-mount holes on each corner of the heatsink for this
purpose.
3.4.2 Dragonfly
The Dragonfly was designed for mounting on a printed circuit board (PCB). It is connected by
2mm pitch 0.51 mm square pins. When designing the Dragonfly into a device, be sure to leave
about 1 cm (0.4") outward from the lower board to enable free air convection around the
Dragonfly. We recommend that the Dragonfly be soldered directly to the board. Alternatively,
the Dragonfly can be attached to socket connectors mounted on the PCB.
Note: Elmo recommends you leave approximately 1 cm (0.4 in) of space on the side opposite
the terminals to allow for free air convection.
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3.5 Integrating the Dragonfly and Butterfly on a PCB
The Dragonfly and Butterfly are designed to be mounted on a PCB, either by soldering the
pins directly to the PCB or by using suitable socket connectors. In both cases the following
rules apply:
3.5.1 Traces
1. The size of the traces on the PCB (thickness and width) is determined by the current
carrying capacity required by the application.
The rated continuous current limit (Ic)of the Dragonfly and Butterfly is the current
used for sizing the motor traces (M1, M2, M3 and PE) and power traces (VP+, PR
and PE).
For control, feedbacks and Inputs/ outputs conductors the actual current is very
small but “generous” thickness and width of the conductors will contribute to a
better performance and lower interferences.
2. The traces should be as short as possible to minimize EMI and to minimize the heat
generated by the conductors.
3. The spacing between the high voltage conductors (VP+, PR, M1, M2, M3, VL) must be
at least:
Surface layer: 1.5 mm
Internal layer: 0.10 mm
Complying with the rules above will help satisfy UL safety standards, MIL-STD-275 and the
IPC-D-275 standard for non-coated conductors, operating at voltages lower than 100VDC and
at "unlimited altitudes" (above 10,000 meters – 30,000 feet).
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3.5.2 Grounds and Returns
The “Returns” of the Dragonfly and Butterfly are structured internally in a star configuration.
The returns in each functional block are listed below:
Functional Block Return Pin
Power PR (Power Return)
Internal Switch Mode P.S. PR (Power Return)
Control section Internal, not accessible
Feedback SUPRET (J2/2)
The returns above are all shorted within the Dragonfly and Butterfly in a topology that results
in optimum performance.
1. When wiring the traces of the above functions, on the Integration Board, the Returns of
each function must be wired separately to its designated terminal on the Dragonfly and
Butterfly. DO NOT USE A COMMON GROUND PLANE. Shorting the commons on the
Integration Board may cause performance degradation (ground loops, etc).
2. Return Traces: The return traces should be as large as possible, but without shorting
each other, and with minimal cross-overs.
3. Main Power Supply and Motor Traces: The power traces must be kept as far away as
possible from the feedback and control traces.
4. PE Terminal: The PE terminal is connected directly to the Butterfly's heatsink or to the
Dragonfly's two PE strips on its lower board. In the Butterfly, the heatsink serves as an
EMI common plane. The PE terminal should be connected to the system's Protective
Earth. Any other metallic parts (such as the chassis) of the assembly should be connected
to the Protective Earth as well.
5. Under normal operating conditions, the PE trace carries no current. The only time these
traces carry current is under abnormal conditions (such as when the device has become a
potential shock or fire hazard while conducting external EMI interferences directly to
ground). When connected properly the PE trace prevents these hazards from affecting
the drive.
Follow these instructions to ensure safe and proper implementation.
Failure to meet any of the above-mentioned requirements can result in
drive/controller/host failure.
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3.6 Pin Functions
The Dragonfly and Butterfly are PCB mounted analog servo drives. Their pinouts are
described below.
3.6.1 Pinouts
No.
Pins
Type
Port
Function Connector Location
2X11 J1 I/O connector
2 M3 Motor power output 3
2 M2 Motor power output 2
2 M1 Motor power output 1
2 PE Protective earth
2 PR Power input return
2 VP+ Positive power input
1
2 mm Pitch
0.51 mm SQ
VL Auxiliary power input
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3.6.2 Connector J1
Pin
#
Short
Form
Function
Description
1 EN+ Enable + Positive voltage input of the “Amplifier Enable” function.
To enable operation of the amplifier, the optocoupler
must be energized by applying voltage between this pin
(+) and pin J1/22 (-).
The optocoupler is isolated from the amplifier. See Figure
3-4.
“OFF” voltage: 0 V < Vin < 1 V.
“ON” voltage: 2.5 V < Vin < 10 V, 5 V typically with
current consumption 2.5 mA.
2 AOK Amplifier OK When the amplifier under normal operating conditions,
this output is in the “active low“ state. When a failure
occurs, this output is changed to the “open” state.
The optocoupler is an isolated, open collector NPN type.
See Figure
3-4.
Maximum voltage = 30 V
Maximum current = 8 mA
“On” voltage: V
OUT(On)
< 0.8 V
Refer to Section 4.3.
3 SO1 Status output 1 Specifications same as in pin J1/2.
4 HA Hall A input Logic levels: TTL
Maximum input voltage
: 15 VDC.
5 HB Hall B input Logic levels: TTL
Maximum input voltage
: 15 VDC.
6 HC Hall C input Logic levels: TTL.
Maximum input voltage: 15 VDC.
7
LATCH Latch mode Latch mode input. For more details see the Latch Mode
section in Chapter 4.
8 ECLRET Current limits
return
Current limit signals return.
9 ECLC External
current limit
continuous
External voltage scales down the rated value.
Voltage range: 0 V to 3.75 V (3.75 V = rated Ic)
Refer to Section 4.2.
10 CM Current
monitor
Analog output with a scale of ± 3.9 V for ± Ip.
Output resistance: 1 kΩ
11 CREF+ Current
command
positive
Positive input of a differential amplifier:
Input operating voltage range: ±3.75 V
Maximum input voltage: ±20 V
Maximum common mode voltage: ±6 V
Differential input impedance: 40 kΩ
Refer to Section 4.1.
12
CREF- Current
command
negative
Negative input of a differential amplifier.
Same specification as in pin J1/11.
13 CMRET Current
monitor return
Current monitor (CM) signal return.
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Pin
#
Short
Form
Function
Description
14 ECLP External
current limit
peak
External voltage scales down the rated value.
Voltage range: 0 V to 3.75 V (3.75 V = rated Ip)
Refer to Section 4.2.
15 LMRET Latch Mode
return
Return for Latch Mode signals.
16 GAIN Current gain
change
Shorting this pin to LMRET pin (J1/15) reduces
the proportional gain of the current loop by 70%.
17 HARET Hall supply
voltage return
Return used only for Hall supply.
18 HALL+
5V
+5 V Hall
supply voltage
+5 V supply voltage for Hall sensors.
Output current: maximum of 13 mA.
19 SORET Status output
return
Status output common AOK, SO1, SO2, SO3.
Isolated from circuit common. See Figure
3-4.
20 SO2 Status output 2 Status indication output 2.
Same specification as in pin J1/2.
21 SO3 Status output 3 Status indication output 3.
Same specification as in pin J1/2.
22 EN- Enable - Negative voltage input of “Amplifier Enable” function.
Optocoupler is isolated from the amplifier.
For details, see pin J1/1.
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3.7 Dragonfly/Butterfly Connection Diagram
Figure 3-3: Dragonfly /Butterfly Connection Diagram
3.8 Evaluation Board and Cable Kit
The same circuit board used for the Ocarina and Castanet is also available for evaluating the
Dragonfly and Butterfly. It comes with standards terminal blocks for power connections and
D-sub plugs/sockets for signals connections. The Evaluation Board is provided with a cable
kit.
Evaluation Board Catalog Number
Evaluation Board User Manual
OCA-EVLBRD-1
MAN-EVLBRD-OCA (available on our web site)
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3.9 DC Power Supply
The DC power supply can be at any voltage in the range defined in the technical
specifications (the Appendix of this guide). The supply source must comply with the safety
aspects of the relevant requirements, in accordance with the most recent version of the
standard EN60950 or equivalent Low Voltage Directive Standard, all according to the
applicable over-voltage category. If the power source to the power supply is the AC line
(through an isolated transformer), safety margins must be considered in order to avoid
activating the under/over voltage protection due to line variations and/or voltage drop
under load.
In addition to the above, the transformer must comply with the safety aspects of the relevant
requirements in accordance with the most recent version of the standard EN60742 (Isolating
and Safety Isolating Transformers). The nominal DC bus voltage should be in the following
range:
1.2 V
dcmin
< V
dc
< 0.9 V
dcmax
where:
V
dcmin
is the minimum DC bus
Vdcmax
is the maximum DC bus
The recommended minimum power supply capacitance for a single-phase rectified DC source
connection is as follows:
Amplifier Voltage Range 60 V 100 V
Recommended capacitance ≥ 470 µF ≥470 µF
The transformer power should be calculated such that it will be able to deliver power to the
amplifier (including peak power) without significant voltage drops.
The power supply should be located as close as possible to the amplifier. The maximum
distance is 30 cm (1 foot). While driving high-inertia loads, the power supply must be
equipped with a shunt regulator; otherwise, the amplifier will be disabled whenever the
capacitors are charged above the maximum voltage, during motor break down.
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