Amprobe GP-2A User manual

GP-2A

Earth Ground Tester

Users Manual

• Manualdeuso

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GP-2A

Earth Ground Tester

UsersManual

GP-2A_Rev002

©2012AmprobeTestTools.

Allrightsreserved.

Limited Warranty and Limitation of Liability

YourAmprobeproductwillbefreefromdefectsinmaterialandworkmanshipfor1yearfrom

thedateofpurchase.Thiswarrantydoesnotcoverfuses,disposablebatteriesordamagefrom

accident,neglect,misuse,alteration,contamination,orabnormalconditionsofoperationor

handling.Amprobe’swarrantyobligationislimited,atAmprobe’soption,torefundofthe

purchaseprice,freeofchargerepair,orreplacementofadefectiveproduct.Resellersarenot

authorizedtoextendanyotherwarrantyonAmprobe’sbehalf.Toobtainserviceduringthe

warrantyperiod,returntheproductwithproofofpurchasetoanauthorizedAmprobeTest

ToolsServiceCenterortoanAmprobedealerordistributor.SeeRepairSectionfordetails.This

warrantyisyouronlyremedy.Allotherwarranties-whetherexpress,impliedorstatutory-

includingimpliedwarrantiesoftnessforaparticularpurposeormerchantability,arehereby

excluded.NeitherAmprobenoritsparentcompanyorafliatesshallbeliableforanyspecial,

indirect,incidentalorconsequentialdamagesorlosses,arisingfromanycauseortheory.Since

somestatesorcountriesdonotallowtheexclusionorlimitationofanimpliedwarrantyorof

incidentalorconsequentialdamages,thislimitationofliabilitymaynotapplytoyou.

Repair

Alltesttoolsreturnedforwarrantyornon-warrantyrepairorforcalibrationshouldbe

accompaniedbythefollowing:yourname,company’sname,address,telephonenumber,and

proofofpurchase.Additionally,pleaseincludeabriefdescriptionoftheproblemortheservice

requestedandincludethetestleadswiththemeter.Non-warrantyrepairorreplacement

chargesshouldberemittedintheformofacheck,amoneyorder,creditcardwithexpiration

date,orapurchaseordermadepayabletoAmprobe®TestTools.

In-Warranty Repairs and Replacement – All Countries

Pleasereadthewarrantystatementandcheckyourbatterybeforerequestingrepair.Duringthe

warrantyperiodanydefectivetesttoolcanbereturnedtoyourAmprobe®TestToolsdistributor

foranexchangeforthesameorlikeproduct.Pleasecheckthe“WheretoBuy”sectiononwww.

amprobe.comforalistofdistributorsnearyou.Additionally,intheUnitedStatesandCanadaIn-

WarrantyrepairandreplacementunitscanalsobesenttoaAmprobe®TestToolsServiceCenter

(seebelowforaddress).

Non-Warranty Repairs and Replacement – US and Canada

Non-warrantyrepairsintheUnitedStatesandCanadashouldbesenttoaAmprobe®TestTools

ServiceCenter.CallAmprobe®TestToolsorinquireatyourpointofpurchaseforcurrentrepair

andreplacementrates.

InUSA InCanada

AmprobeTestTools AmprobeTestTools

Everett,WA98203 Mississauga,ONL4Z1X9

Tel:888-993-5853 Tel:905-890-7600

Fax:425-446-6390 Fax:905-890-6866

Non-Warranty Repairs and Replacement – Europe

Europeannon-warrantyunitscanbereplacedbyyourAmprobe®TestToolsdistributorfora

nominalcharge.Pleasecheckthe“WheretoBuy”sectiononwww.amprobe.comforalistof

distributorsnearyou.

EuropeanCorrespondenceAddress*

Amprobe®TestToolsEurope

Beha-AmprobeGmbH

IndenEngematten14

79286Glottertal,Germany

Tel.:+49(0)76848009–0

*(Correspondenceonly–norepairorreplacementavailablefromthisaddress.European

customerspleasecontactyourdistributor.)

1

GP-2A Earth Ground Tester

CONTENTS

1. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS AND PROCEDURES.................................................................................... 2

1.1Preliminaryinstructions............................................................................................................. 2

1.2Duringuse.................................................................................................................................. 3

1.3Afteruse...................................................................................................................................... 3

1.4Denitionofmeasurementcategory(Overvoltage)............................................................... 3

2. GENERAL DESCRIPTION................................................................................................................... 4

2.1Instrumentdescription............................................................................................................... 4

3. PREPARING THE INSTRUMENT......................................................................................................... 4

3.1Initialcheck................................................................................................................................. 4

3.2Powersupply.............................................................................................................................. 4

3.3Calibration.................................................................................................................................. 4

3.4Storage........................................................................................................................................ 4

4. WORKING INSTRUCTIONS............................................................................................................... 5

4.1Instrumentdescription............................................................................................................... 5

4.2Measuringaccessoriesdescription............................................................................................ 6

4.2.1Switchingon...................................................................................................................... 6

4.2.2Autopoweroff................................................................................................................. 6

4.3EARTH3W–Threewireearthresistancemeasurement......................................................... 7

4.4EARTH2W–Twowireearthresistancemeasurement............................................................ 9

4.5

r

-Groundresistivitymeasurement........................................................................................ 11

4.5.1Anomalousmeasuringapplications–allmodes........................................................... 14

5. MANAGEMENT OF STORED DATA................................................................................................ 17

5.1Howtosaveameasurement................................................................................................... 17

5.2Howtocanceloneorseveralmeasurements......................................................................... 17

5.3Howtorecallameasurement................................................................................................. 18

6.INSTRUMENT RESET AND DEFAULT PARAMETERS....................................................................... 19

7. NSTRUMENT CONNECTION TO PC................................................................................................ 19

8. MAINTENANCE............................................................................................................................... 20

8.1General..................................................................................................................................... 20

8.2Batteryreplacement................................................................................................................ 20

8.3Instrumentcleaning................................................................................................................. 20

8.4Endoflife................................................................................................................................. 20

9. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS.......................................................................................................... 21

9.1Denitions................................................................................................................................ 21

9.2Technicalfeatures.................................................................................................................... 22

9.2.1Safetystandards.............................................................................................................. 23

9.2.2Generalfeatures.............................................................................................................. 23

9.3Environment............................................................................................................................. 23

9.3.1Operatingenvironmentalconditions............................................................................ 23

9.3.2EMC.................................................................................................................................. 23

10. PRACTICAL REPORTS FOR ELECTRICAL TESTS............................................................................ 24

10.1Earthresistanceinttsystems................................................................................................. 24

10.2Earthresistance,voltaamperemetricmethod...................................................................... 24

10.2.1Creatingcablesextensions......................................................................................... 24

10.2.2Methodforsmall-sizedearthrods............................................................................. 25

10.2.3Methodforlarge-sizedearthrods............................................................................. 25

10.3Groundresistivity................................................................................................................... 26

10.3.1Approximateevaluationofintentionalrods’contribution..................................... 27

2

1. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS AND PROCEDURES

TheinstrumentwasdesignedincompliancewithstandardsEN61557andEN61010-1relativeto

electronicequipment.

�CAUTION

Foryourownsafetyandtoavoiddamagingtheinstrumentyouarerecommendedtofollow

theproceduresdescribedinthismanualandreadcarefullyallinstructionsprecededbythis

symbol�

Beforeandduringmeasurementskeeptothefollowinginstructions:

•Donottakemeasurementsinwetplacesaswellasinthepresenceofexplosivegasand

combustiblesorindustyplaces.

•Eventhoughyouarenottakinganymeasurementavoidanycontactwiththecircuitunder

test,withexposedmetalparts,unusedmeasuringterminals,circuitsetc.

•Donottakeanymeasurementanymeasurementwheneveranomalousconditionsoccursuch

asdeformations,breaks,leakages,blinddisplayetc.

•Payutmostattentionwhentakingmeasurementsofvoltagehigherthan25Vinspecial

places(buildingyards,swimmingpools,etc.)andhigherthan50Vinordinaryplacesdueto

theriskofelectricshock.

Thefollowingsymbolsareusedinthismanualaswellasontheinstrument:

�

CAUTION: Please read carefully this manual in order to understand the nature of the

potential danger and the actions to undertake

Refertotheinstructionmanual.Animproperusemaydamagetheinstrumentorits

componentsaswellasendangertheuser

D

DCorACvoltageandcurrent

X

Highvoltagedanger:riskofelectricshock

T

Doubleinsulation

=

Thebarredsymboloftherubbishbinshownontheequipmentindicatesthat,atthe

endofitsusefullife,boththeproductsanditsaccessoriesshallbecollectedseparately

fromotherwasteandcorrectlydisposed

1.1 Preliminary Instructions

•Thisinstrumentwasdesignedforuseinenvironmentswithpollutiondegree2.

•Itcanbeusedforvoltageandcurrentmeasurementsonelectricalinstallationswithover

voltagecategoryIII240Vtoearthandmaximumvoltageof415Vbetweeninputs.

•Youarerecommendedtorespecttheusualsafetyregulationsaimedatprotectingyou

againstdangerouscurrentsandtheinstrumentagainstimproperuse.

•Onlytheoriginalaccessoriessuppliedalongwiththeinstrumentguaranteecompliancewith

thesafetystandardsinforce.Theymustbeinagoodconditionand,ifnecessary,replaced

withidenticalones.

•Donottestnorconnecttoanycircuitexceedingthespeciedoverloadprotection.

•Donottakemeasurementsunderenvironmentalconditionsexceedingthelimitsindicatedin

thismanual.

•Makesurethatbatteriesarecorrectlyinstalled.

•Beforeconnectingtestleadstothecircuitundertestcheckthattherightfunctionwas

selected.

3

1.2 During Use

Youarerecommendedtoreadcarefullythefollowinginstructions:

�CAUTION

Failuretocomplywithwarningsandinstructionsmaydamagetheinstrumentand/orits

componentsaswellasinjuretheoperator

Ifthelowbatterysymbolisdisplayedduringuseinterrupttestingandreplacebatteries

followingtheproceduredescribedinparagraph8.2

•Beforeselectinganewfunctiondisconnectthetestleadsfromthecircuitundertest.

•Whentheinstrumentisconnectedtothecircuitundertestnevertouchanyunusedterminal.

•Donotmeasureresistanceinthepresenceofexternalvoltages;althoughtheinstrumentis

protected,anexcessivevoltagemaycausemalfunction.

•Avoidsubmittingtheinstrumenttovoltagewhilemeasuring(i.e.atestleadslippingoffthe

measuringpointaccidentallytouchinganenergizedpoint).UnpackingAndInspection

1.3 After Use

•TurnofftheinstrumentpressingON/OFFkeyafterusingit.

•Ifyouexpectnottousetheinstrumentforalongtimeremovethebatteries.

1.4 Deﬁnition Of Measurement Category (Overvoltage)

ThestandardsEN61010-1:Safetyrequirementsforelectricalequipmentformeasurement,

controlandlaboratoryuse,Part1:Generalrequirements,denewhatameasurementcategory,

usuallycalledovervoltagecategory,means.Underparagraph6.7.4:Measuringcircuits,itquotes:

Circuitsaredividedintothefollowingmeasurementcategories:

•MeasurementcategoryIVisformeasurementsperformedatthesourceofalow-voltage

installation.

•Examplesareelectricitymetersandmeasurementsonprimaryexcesscurrentprotection

devicesaswellasripplecontrolunits.MeasurementcategoryIIIisformeasurements

performedinthebuildinginstallations.

•Examplesaremeasurementsondistributionboards,circuitbreakers,wiring,includingcables,

bus-bars,junctionboxes,switches,socket-outletsinthexedinstallations,andequipment

forindustrialuseaswellassomeotherequipment,forexample,stationarymotorswith

permanentconnectiontoxedinstallations.MeasurementcategoryIIisformeasurements

performedoncircuitsdirectlyconnectedtothelowvoltageinstallations.

•Examplesaremeasurementsonhouseholdappliances,portabletoolsandsimilarequipment.

MeasurementcategoryIisformeasurementsperformedoncircuitsnotdirectlyconnectedto

MAINS.

•ExamplesaremeasurementsoncircuitsnotderivedfromMAINS,andspecially(internally)

protectedMAINS-derivedcircuits.Inthislattercase,transientstressesarevariable;forthis

reason,thenormrequiresthatthetransientwithstandingcapabilityoftheequipmentis

madeknowntotheuser.

4

2. GENERAL DESCRIPTION

Thisinstrumentwillgrantyouaccurateandreliablemeasurementsprovidedthatisused

accordingtotheinstructionsgiveninthismanual.Youwillenjoythehighestsafetythankstoa

developmentofnewestconceptionassuringdoubleinsulationandovervoltagecategoryIII.

2.1 Instrument Description

•EARTH2W:two-wireearthresistancemeasurement.

•EARTH3W:three-wireearthresistancemeasurement.

• r:four-wiregroundresistivitymeasurement.

3. PREPARING THE INSTRUMENT

3.1 Initial Check

Thisinstrumentwascheckedbothmechanicallyandelectricallypriortoshipment.Allpossible

caresandprecautionsweretakentoletyoureceivetheinstrumentunderperfectconditions.

Notwithstandingwesuggestyoutocheckitrapidlytocheckanydamagewhichmayhave

occurredduringtransport.Shoulditbethecasepleasecontactimmediatelytheforwarderor

yourdealer.

Yourshippingcartonshouldinclude:

 1 GP-2A

 4 Groundstakes

 1 Testleadset(banana–banana)

 1 Alligatorclipset

 1 OpticalUSBcable

 1 USBdriverCD

 1 Carryingcase

 1 User’smanual

Ifanyoftheitemsaredamagedormissing,returnthecompletepackageto

theplaceofpurchaseforanexchange.

3.2 Power Supply

Theinstrumentispoweredbybatteries(refertoparagraph9.2.2forfurtherdetailsonmodel,

numberandbatterylife).Thebatterychargeisdisplayedontherighttopside.Thesymbol

indicatesthatbatteriesarefullycharged,whilethesymbol indicatesthatbatteriesarelow

andshallbereplaced.

Toreplace/insertbatteriesfollowtheinstructionsindicatedunderparagraph8.2.

3.3 Calibration

Theinstrumentcomplieswiththetechnicalspecicationsreportedinthismanualandsucha

complianceIsguaranteedforoneyearafterpurchasedate.

3.4 Storage

Afteraperiodofstorageunderextremeenvironmentalconditionsexceedingthelimitslet

theinstrumentresumenormalmeasuringconditionsbeforeusingit(seeenvironmental

specicationslistedunderparagraph9.3.1).Thisprecautionwillgrantaccuratemeasurements

withoutriskingtodamagetheinstrument.

5

4. WORKING INSTRUCTIONS

4.1 Instrument Description

1

8

2

3

4

6

7

5

1

Inputs

2

ENTER / Arrow keys

ENTER keytoselectmeasuringmode

 Arrowkeystomovethecursorselectingtherequiredparameters

3

Back light key / ESC

Back light keytoturnonthedisplaybacklightfor30seconds

 ESC keytoquitwithoutselectinganymode

4

RCL / CLR key

RCL keytorecalldatastoredintheinstrument’smemory

CLR keytocanceltheselectedmeasurementsfromtheinstrument’smemory

5

Display

6

GO keytostartameasurement

7

SAVE keytostoremeasurements

8

ON/OFF keytoturnon/offtheinstrument

6

4.2 Measuring Accessories Description

1

2

Fig.1

4.2.1 Switching on

Whenswitchingontheinstrumentabrieftoneisaudiblealongwithdisplayofallsegmentsfor

aboutonesecond.

Subsequentlythelastrmwareversionaswellasthelastselectedmeasuringmodearedisplayed

beforeswitchingoff.

4.2.2 Auto power off

Theinstrumentautomaticallyturnsoff3minutesafterthelastkeypressing.Toresume

operationturnontheinstrumentpressingtheon/offkey.

1

Barrier

2

Hand-Held Area

7

4.3 EARTH 3W – Three Wire Earth Resistance Measurement

ThemeasurementiscarriedoutincompliancewithstandardsIEC781,VDE0413,EN61557-5.

�CAUTION

•Theinstrumentcanbeusedforvoltageandcurrentmeasurementsoninstallationswith

overvoltagecategoryCATIII240Vtoearthandmaximumvoltageof415Vbetweeninputs.

Donotconnecttheinstrumenttoinstallationswhosevoltagesexceedthelimitsindicated

inthismanual.Exceedingsuchlimitsmaycauseelectricshocktotheuseranddamagethe

instrument

•Alwaysconnectthecablestotheinstrumentandtothealligatorclipswhenthelatterare

notconnectedtotheplantundertest

•AlwaysrespecttheHand-heldareaofprobe(see4.2)

•Ifthelengthofthesuppliedcablesisn’tsuitablefortheplantundertest(seePar.11),You

cancreateyourownextensionsfollowingindicationsinPar.11.2.1

Fig.2:Three-wireearthresistancemeasurement

1.

TurnontheinstrumentpressingtheON/OFFkey

2.

Pressingright/leftarrowkeys , selectMOD,thenpressingup/downarrow

keys , select3Woption

3. Ascreensimilartotheonebelowappearswheretheinputinterferingvoltagevalueof

theinstrumentisdisplayed

(Inputinterferingvoltagevalue)

4. Connecttheblue,red,greenandblackcablestothecorrespondinginstrument’sinput

terminalsH,S,ES,Ethenaddingcrocodilesifnecessary

5. Extend,ifnecessary,theblueandredmeasuringcablesseparatelyusingcableswith

propersection.Addinganyextensiondoesnotrequirecalibrationanddoesnotaffect

themeasuredearthresistancevalue

6. Drivetheauxiliaryrodsintothegroundkeepingtothedistanceinstructionsprovidedby

thestandards(§11.2)

7. Connectcrocodilestotheauxiliaryrodsandtotheinstallationundertest(seeFig.2)

8

8. PressGOkey,theinstrumentstartscarryingoutmeasurement

9. Whiletheinstrumentismeasuringascreensimilartotheonebelowappearswherethe

instrument’sinputinterferingvoltagevalueisdisplayed.Whenthemessage



isdisplayeddonotdisconnectortouchthetestleads

(Inputinterferingvoltagevalue)

�CAUTION

Whenstartingmeasurementtheinputinterferingvoltageismeasuredatboththevoltand

amperecircuit.Shoulditrangebetween3Vand9V,theinstrumentcarriesoutmeasurement

anddisplaysthesymbol�indicatingtheuncertaintydeclineofthemeasurement(§9.1)

10. Whenthetestisover,shouldtheearthresistancevaluebelowerthanthefullscale,the

instrumentemitsadoubletoneindicatingthepositiveoutcomeofthetestanddisplays

theresistancemeasurementaswellastheinterferingvoltagevalueatthetimeof

measuring



(Inputinterferingvoltagevalue)

�CAUTION

Theresistancemeasurementiseffectedwith4-wirevoltamperemethodwithoutbeing

affectedbytheresistancevalueofthecables.Itisthereforenotnecessarytoeffect

compensationofcableresistanceorofanyextension

11. Whenthetestisover,shouldtheearthresistancevaluebehigherthanthefullscale,the

instrumentemitsalongtoneindicatingthenegativeoutcomeofthetestanddisplays

thescreenbelow

(Inputinterferingvoltagevalue)

12.

ThemeasurementscanbestoredpressingtheSAVEkeytwice(§5.1)

(Earthresistancemeasurement)

(Earthresistancemeasurementhigherthanfullscale)

9

4.4 EARTH 2W – Two Wire Earth Resistance Measurement

�CAUTION

•Theinstrumentcanbeusedforvoltageandcurrentmeasurementsoninstallationswith

overvoltagecategoryequaltoCATIII240Vtoearthandmaximumvoltageof415Vbetween

inputs.Donotconnecttheinstrumenttoinstallationswhosevoltagesexceedthelimits

indicatedinthismanual.Exceedingsuchlimitsmaycauseelectricshocktotheuserand

damagetheinstrument

•Alwaysconnectthecablestotheinstrumentandtothealligatorclipswhenthelatterare

notconnectedtotheplantundertest

•AlwaysrespecttheHand-heldareaofprobe(see4.2)

•Ifthelengthofthesuppliedcablesisn’tsuitablefortheplantundertest(seePar.11),You

cancreateyourownextensionsfollowingindicationsinPar.11.2.1

Wheneveritisnotpossibletodriverodsintothegroundtotakeathree-wiremeasurement(i.e.

historicalcentres),itispossibletousethesimpliedtwo-wiremethodwhichgivesanexcess

valueforthesakeofsafety.Tocarryoutthetestasuitableauxiliaryrodisnecessary;anauxiliary

rodisdeemedassuitablewhenitsearthresistanceisnegligibleandindependentoftheearth

installationundertest.

InFig.3alamppostisusedasauxiliaryrod,howeveranymetalbodydrivenintothegroundcan

beusedprovidedthattheabovementionedrequirementsaremet.

�CAUTION

TheinstrumentdisplaysthesumvalueofRA+RTasresult(seeFig.3andFig.4).Therefore

themeasurementachievedistheclosertoRA(prospectivevalue)themorenegligibleisthe

valueRToftheauxiliaryrodwithrespecttoRAitself.Inadditionthemeasurementwillbe

increased“forsafetysake”byRT,i.e.ifRA+RTresultstobecoordinatedwithprotective

conductors,RAalonewillbefarmorecoordinated

Fig.3:Two-wireearthresistancemeasurementusinganauxiliaryrod

IntheTTsystems(seeFig.4)itispossibletoperformatwo-wireearthmeasurementusingthe

NEUTRALconductorprovidedbythenationalEnergyBoardtakendirectlyfromasocketorpanel

boardasanauxiliaryrod;ifalsotheearthconnectionisavailable,themeasurementcanbe

takenonthesocketdirectly,betweenNEUTRALandEARTH.

�CAUTION

Ifyouwishtoeffectthemeasurementusingtheneutralandearthconductorsofanordinary

socket,youmayaccidentallyconnecttophase;inthiscasethedetectedvoltageaswellasthe

warningsymbol

forwrongenteringwillbedisplayedandnomeasurementwillbeeffectedeventhoughthe

GOkeyispressed.

10

Fig.4:Two-wireearthresistancemeasurementfromthepanelboard

1.

TurnontheinstrumentpressingtheON/OFFkey

2.

Pressingright/leftarrowkeys , selectMOD,thenpressingup/downarrow

keys , select2Woption

3. Ascreensimilartotheonebelowappearswheretheinputinterferingvoltagevalueof

theinstrumentisdisplayed



(Inputinterferingvoltagevalue)

4. Connecttheblue,red,greenandblackcablestothecorrespondinginstrument’sinput

terminalsH,S,ES,Ethenaddingcrocodilesifnecessary

5. Extend,ifnecessary,theblueandredmeasuringcablesseparatelyusingcableswith

propersection.Addinganyextensiondoesnotrequirecalibrationanddoesnotaffect

themeasuredearthresistancevalue

6. Connectcrocodilestotheauxiliaryrodsandtotheinstallationundertest(seeFig.3and

Fig.4)

7.

PressGOkey,theinstrumentstartscarryingoutmeasurement

8. Whiletheinstrumentismeasuringascreensimilartotheonebelowappearswherethe

instrument’sinputinterferingvoltagevalueisdisplayed.Whenthemessage



isdisplayeddonotdisconnectortouchthetestleads

(Inputinterferingvoltagevalue)

11

�CAUTION

Whenstartingmeasurementtheinputinterferingvoltageismeasuredatboththevoltand

amperecircuit.Shoulditrangebetween3Vand9V,theinstrumentcarriesoutmeasurement

anddisplaysthesymbol�indicatingtheuncertaintydeclineofthemeasurement(§9.1)

9. Whenthetestisover,shouldtheearthresistancevaluebelowerthanthefullscale,the

instrumentemitsadoubletoneindicatingthepositiveoutcomeofthetestanddisplays

theresistancemeasurementaswellastheinterferingvoltagevalueatthetimeof

measuring



(Inputinterferingvoltagevalue)

�CAUTION

Theresistancemeasurementiseffectedwith4-wirevoltamperemethodwithoutbeing

affectedbytheresistancevalueofthecables.Itisthereforenotnecessarytoeffect

compensationofcableresistanceorofanyextension

10. Whenthetestisover,shouldtheearthresistancevaluebehigherthanthefullscale,the

instrumentemitsalongtoneindicatingthenegativeoutcomeofthetestanddisplays

thescreenbelow

(Inputinterferingvoltagevalue)

11.

ThemeasurementscanbestoredpressingtheSAVEkeytwice(§5.1)

4.5

r

- Ground Resistivity Measurement

Thegroundresistivityvalueisanessentialparametertocalculatetheresistancevalueofthe

earthrodstobeusedfortheearthinstallation’sconstruction.Themeasurementiseffected

accordingtostandardsIEC781,VDE0413EN61557-5.

�CAUTION

•Theinstrumentcanbeusedforvoltageandcurrentmeasurementsoninstallationswith

overvoltagecategoryequaltoCATIII240Vtoearthandmaximumvoltageof415Vbetween

inputs.Donotconnecttheinstrumenttoinstallationswhosevoltagesexceedthelimits

indicatedinthismanual.Exceedingsuchlimitsmaycauseelectricshocktotheuserand

damagetheinstrument

•Alwaysconnectthecablestotheinstrumentandtothealligatorclipswhenthelatterare

notconnectedtotheplantundertest

•AlwaysrespecttheHand-heldareaofprobe(see4.2)

•Ifthelengthofthesuppliedcablesisn’tsuitablefortheplantundertest(seePar.11),You

cancreateyourownextensionsfollowingindicationsinPar.11.2.1

(Earthresistancemeasurement)

(Earthresistancemeasurementhigherthanfullscale)

12

Fig.5:Groundresistivitymeasurement

1.

TurnontheinstrumentpressingtheON/OFFkey

2.

Pressingright/leftarrowkeys , selectMOD,thenpressingup/downarrow

keys , selectoption

3. Ascreensimilartotheonebelowappearswhereboththeinputinterferingvoltageof

theinstrumentandtherods’distancevaluearedisplayed

(Valueofinputinterferingvoltageandrods’distanceset)

4. Shouldyouneedtomodifytherods’distancepressthearrowkeys , and

selectDIST,thenpressingthearrowkeys , setthedesireddistance(ranging

from1upto10metres,bystepsofoneorfrom3upto30feetbystepsofthree)



(Valueofrods’distanceset)

5.

Tosetthedistancemeasuringunitpressthearrowkeys , andselectUNIT,

13

thenpressingthearrowkeys , setthedesiredmeasuringunit(morft)



(Measuringunitselected)



6. Connecttheblue,red,greenandblackcablestothecorrespondinginstrument’sinput

terminalsH,S,ES,Ethenaddingcrocodilesifnecessary

7. Extend,ifnecessary,theblueandredmeasuringcablesseparatelyusingcableswith

propersection.Addinganyextensiondoesnotrequirecalibrationanddoesnotaffect

themeasuredgroundresistivityvalue

8. Drivetheauxiliaryrodsintothegroundplacingthemonalineatamutualdistance

equaltothatselectedontheinstrument.Settingadistanceotherthantheactual

distancebetweentheearthrodsmayaffectthemeasurement(§11.3)

9. Connectcrocodilestotheauxiliaryrods(seeFig.5)

10.

PressGOkey,theinstrumentstartscarryingoutmeasurement

11. Whiletheinstrumentismeasuringascreensimilartotheonebelowappearswherethe

instrument’sinputinterferingvoltagevalueandthedistancesetbetweenauxiliaryrods

aredisplayed.Whenthemessageis

displayeddonotdisconnectortouchthe

testleads

(Valueofinputinterferingvoltageandrods’distanceset)

�CAUTION

Whenstartingmeasurementtheinputinterferingvoltageismeasuredatboththevoltand

amperecircuit.Shoulditrangebetween3Vand9V,theinstrumentcarriesoutmeasurement

anddisplaysthesymbol�indicatingtheuncertaintydeclineofthemeasurement(§9.1)

12. Whenthetestisover,shouldthegroundresistivityvaluebelowerthanthefullscale,

theinstrumentemitsadoubletoneindicatingthepositiveoutcomeofthetestand

displaystheresistivitymeasurementaswellastheinterferingvoltagevalueatthetime

ofmeasuring

(Valueofinputinterferingvoltageandrods’distanceset)

(Measurementofgroundresistivity)

14

�CAUTION

Theresistivitymeasurementiseffectedwith4-wirevoltamperemethodwithoutbeing

affectedbytheresistancevalueofthecables.Itisthereforenotnecessarytoeffect

compensationofcableresistanceorofanyextension.

13. Whenthetestisover,shouldthegroundresistivityvaluebehigherthanthefullscale,

theinstrumentemitsalongtoneindicatingthenegativeoutcomeofthetestand

displaysthescreenbelow



(Valueofinputinterferingvoltageandrods’distanceset)

�CAUTION

ThefullscaleiscalculatedasPMAX=2DISTRwhereDISTisthevaluesetforthedistance

amongtherodsandRthemaximumresistancevaluewhichcanbemeasuredbythe

instrument.Thefullscaleofgroundresistivitymeasurementdependsonthesettingofthe

distanceamongtherods

14.

ThemeasurementscanbestoredpressingtheSAVEkeytwice(§5.1)

4.5.1 Anomalous measuring applications – all modes

1. Whenstartingameasurementtheinstrumentchecksthecontinuityofmeasuringcables.

Ifthevoltcircuit(redcableSandgreencableES)isinterruptedoritsresistancevalueis

toohigh,theinstrumentdisplaysascreensimilartotheonebelow.Checkthatterminals

areproperlyconnectedandthattheearthrodisconnectedtoterminalSandnotdriven

intoapebblyorscarcelyconductiveground.Inthislattercasepourwateraroundthe

rodtodecreaseitsresistancevalue(§11.2).

RP>topisdisplayedwhen:



TheSrod’sresistanceRS>50KΩissummeduptothevoltcircuit



TheresistanceofrodSexceedsthevalue1200+100RX[Ω](whereRXistheearth

resistancevalue)

(Examplefor3Wmode)



2. Whenstartingameasurementtheinstrumentchecksthecontinuityofmeasuringcables.

Iftheamperecircuit(bluecableHandblackcableE)isinterruptedoritsresistance

valueistoohigh,theinstrumentdisplaysascreensimilartotheonebelow.Checkthat

terminalsareproperlyconnectedandthattheearthrodisconnectedtoterminalHand

notdrivenintoapebblyorscarcelyconductiveground.Inthislattercasepourwater

aroundtherodtodecreaseitsresistancevalue(§11.2).

RC>topisdisplayedwhen:

(Measurementofgroundresistivityhigherthanthefull

scale)

(Voltcircuit’sresistancetoohigh)

(Valueofinputinterferingvoltage)

15

 TheHrod’sresistanceRH>50KΩissummeduptotheamperecircuit

 TheresistanceofrodHexceedsthevalue1200+100RX[Ω](whereRXistheearth

resistancevalue)

(Examplefor3Wmode)



3. Whenstartingameasurementtheinstrumentchecksthecontinuityofmeasuring

cables.Ifthevoltcircuit(redcableSandgreencableES)andtheamperecircuit(blue

cableHandblackcableE)arebothinterruptedortheirresistancevaluesaretoohigh,

theinstrumentdisplaysascreensimilartotheonebelow.Checkthattheterminalsare

properlyconnectedandthattheearthrodsconnectedtoterminalsSandHarenot

drivenintoapebblyorscarcelyconductiveground.Inthislattercasepourwateraround

therodstodecreasetheirresistancevalue(§11.2).

RP,RC>topisdisplayedwhen:

 theSrod’sresistanceRS>50KΩissummeduptothevoltcircuitandtheHrod’s

resistanceHRH>50KΩissummeduptotheamperecircuit

 boththeSrod’sresistanceandtheHrod’sresistanceexceedthevalue1200+100RX

[Ω](whereRXistheearthresistancevalue)



(Examplefor3Wmode)



4. Whenstartingameasurement,iftheredcable(connectedtoSterminal)andthegreen

cable(connectedtoESterminal)arereversed,theinstrumentdoesnoteffectthetest,

emitsalongsoundtoneanddisplaysthescreenbelow

(Exampleunder

r

mode)



5. Whenstartingameasurement,ifaninterferingvoltagehigherthan9Visdetectedat

thevoltcircuit’sinput,theinstrumentdoesnoteffectthetest,emitsalongsoundtone

anddisplaysthescreenbelow

(Amperecircuit’sresistancetoohigh)

(Valueofinputinterferingvoltage)

(Bothvoltandamperecircuits’resistancetoohigh)

(Valueofinputinterferingvoltage)

(Redandgreencablesreversed)

16

(Exampleunder2Wmode)

6. Whenstartingameasurement,ifaninterferingvoltagehigherthan9Visdetectedat

theamperecircuit’sinput,theinstrumentdoesnoteffectthetest,emitsalongsound

toneanddisplaysthescreenbelow

(Exampleunder2Wmode)

7. Whenstartingameasurement,ifaninterferingvoltagehigherthan9Visdetectedat

boththeampereandvoltcircuits’inputs,theinstrumentdoesnoteffectthetest,emits

alongsoundtoneanddisplaysthescreenbelow

(Exampleunder2Wmode)

8. Ifbatteryvoltageistoolowtheinstrumentdisplaysthesymboloflowbatteryaswell

asthemessageLOW BATTandnomeasurementisallowed.Itishoweverpossibletocarry

outsettings,readingofstoreddata,etc

(Exampleunder

r

mode)

9.

Theabovesaidanomalouscasescannotbestored

(Toohighinputinterferingvoltageatvoltcircuit)

(Inputinterferingvoltagevalue)

(Toohighinputinterferingvoltageatbothampereand

voltcircuits)

(Inputinterferingvoltagevalue)

(Toolowpowersupply,lowbatteries)

(Inputinterferingvoltagevalueanddistancesetamong

rods)

17

5. MANAGEMENT OF STORED DATA

5.1 How To Save A Measurement

1. AftertakingameasurementpressSAVEkey,theinstrumentdisplaysascreen

similartotheonebelow



2. ShouldyouneedtomodifythevaluesoftheparametersLandPpressthearrow

keys , andselectLorP,thenpressingthearrowkeys , setthedesired

value(from1to255).Thesevaluescanenableyoutotracebacktheplacewhere

themeasurementwaseffected

3.

or ConrmmeasurementstoringpressingSAVEkeyorENTERkey

5.2 How To Cancel One Or Several Measurements

1. PressRCLkey,theinstrumentdisplaysascreensimilartotheonebelow



2.  Pressthearrowkeys , toselectthememorylocationwherecancellationof

dataistobestarted,thedisplaysascreensimilartotheonebelow

�CAUTION

Conrmingcancellationofdatacausesremovalofallstoreddatastartingfromtheselected

locationtillthelastmemorylocation

(No.ofmemorylocationwherethe

measurementhastobesaved)

(LastvaluesetforparametersLandP)

(Numberofthememorylocationwhere

cancellationistobestarted)

(ValuesofLandPparameters)

(Numberofthelastmemorylocationused)

(ValuesofLandPparameters)

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