H3C S5500-EI Series Operating instructions

H3C
Brand
H3C
Model
S5500-EI Series
Type
Operating instructions
Operation Manual – Information Center
H3C S5500-EI Series Ethernet Switches Table of Contents
i
Table of Contents
Chapter 1 Information Center Configuration..............................................................................1-1
1.1 Information Center Overview.............................................................................................1-1
1.1.1 Introduction to Information Center...........................................................................1-1
1.1.2 System Information Format.....................................................................................1-5
1.2 Configuring Information Center..........................................................................................1-6
1.2.1 Information Center Configuration Task List ............................................................1-6
1.2.2 Setting to Output System Information to the Console.............................................1-7
1.2.3 Setting to Output System Information to a Monitor Terminal.................................. 1-9
1.2.4 Setting to Output System Information to a Log Host.............................................1-10
1.2.5 Setting to Output System Information to the Trap Buffer...................................... 1-11
1.2.6 Setting to Output System Information to the Log Buffer....................................... 1-12
1.2.7 Setting to Output System Information to the SNMP NMS ....................................1-13
1.2.8 Configuring Synchronous Information Output.......................................................1-14
1.3 Displaying and Maintaining Information Center...............................................................1-14
1.4 Information Center Configuration Examples....................................................................1-15
1.4.1 Outputting Log Information to a Unix Log Host.....................................................1-15
1.4.2 Outputting Log Information to a Linux Log Host ...................................................1-17
1.4.3 Outputting Log Information to the Console...........................................................1-19
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Chapter 1 Information Center Configuration
When configuring information center, go to these sections for information you are
interested in:
z Information Center Overview
z Configuring Information Center
z Displaying and Maintaining Information Center
z Information Center Configuration Examples
1.1 Information Center Overview
1.1.1 Introduction to Information Center
Acting as the system information hub, information center classifies and manages
system information. Together with the debugging functionality, information center offers
a powerful support for network administrators and developers in monitoring network
performance and diagnosing network problems.
Note:
By default, the information center is enabled. An enabled information center affects the
system performance in some degree due to information classification and output. Such
impact becomes more obvious in the event that there is enormous information waiting
for processing.
The information center of the system has the following features:
I. Classification of system information
The system is available with three types of information:
z Log information
z Trap information
z Debugging information
II. Eight levels of system information
The information is classified into eight levels by severity and can be filtered by level.
More emergent information has a smaller severity level.
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Table 1-1 Severity description
Severity Severity value Description
emergencies 0 The system is unavailable.
alerts 1 Information that demands prompt reaction
critical 2 Critical information
errors 3 Error information
warnings 4 Warnings
notifications 5 Normal information that needs to be noticed
informational 6 Informational information to be recorded
debugging 7 Information generated during debugging
Information filtering by severity works this way: information with the severity value
greater than the configured threshold is not output during the filtering.
z If the threshold is set to 0, only information with the severity being emergencies will
be output;
z If the threshold is set to 7, information of all severities will be output.
III. Ten channels and six output destinations of system information
The system supports six information output destinations, including the console, monitor,
logbuffer, loghost, trapbuffer, and SNMP.
The system supports ten channels. The channels 0 through 5 have their default
channel names and are associated with six output destinations by default. Both the
channel names and the associations between the channels and output destinations
can be changed through commands.
Table 1-2 Information channels and output destinations
Information
channel number
Default channel
name
Default output destination
0 console
Console (Receives log, trap and debugging
information)
1 monitor
Monitor terminal (Receives log, trap and
debugging information, facilitating remote
maintenance)
2 loghost
Log host (Receives log, trap and debugging
information and information will be stored in
files for future retrieval.)
3 trapbuffer
Trap buffer (Receives trap information, a
buffer inside the router for recording
information.)
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Information
channel number
Default channel
name
Default output destination
4 logbuffer
Log buffer (Receives log information, a
buffer inside the router for recording
information.)
5 snmpagent SNMP NMS (Receives trap information)
6 channel6
Not specified (Receives log, trap, and
debugging information)
7 channel7
Not specified (Receives log, trap, and
debugging information)
8 channel8
Not specified (Receives log, trap, and
debugging information)
9 channel9
Not specified (Receives log, trap, and
debugging information)
Note:
Configurations for the six output destinations function independently and take effect
only after the information center is enabled.
IV. Outputting system information by source module
The system is composed of a variety of protocol modules, board drivers, and
configuration modules. The system information can be classified, filtered, and output by
source module. Some source module names and descriptions are shown in
Table 1-3.
Table 1-3 Source module list
Module name Description
8021X 802.1X module
ACL Access Control List module
ARP Address Resolution Protocol module
BGP Border Gateway Protocol module
CFM Configuration File Management module
CLST Cluster Configuration module
CMD Command line module
default Default setting of all modules
DEV Device management module
DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol module
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Module name Description
DNS Domain Name System module
ETH Ethernet module
FTPS FTP Server module
GARP Generic Attribute Registration Protocol module
HABP Huawei Authentication Bypass Protocol module
HWCM Huawei Configuration Management MIB module
IFNET Interface management module
IP Internet Protocol module
ISIS
Intermediate System-to-Intermediate System intra-domain
routing information exchange protocol module
LAGG Link Aggregation module
LINE Line module
MSDP Multicast Source Discovery Protocol module
MSTP Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol module
NAT Network Address Translation module
NTP Network Time Protocol module
PKI Public Key Infrastructure module
OSPF Open Shortest Path First module
POE Power over Ethernet module
QoS Quality of Service module
RDS Radius module
RM Routing Management module
RMON Remote monitor module
SHELL User interface module
SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol module
SOCKET Socket module
SSH Secure Shell module
SYSMIB System MIB module
TAC Terminal Access Controller module
TELNET Telnet module
UDPH UDP Helper module
VFS Virtual File System module
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Module name Description
VLAN Virtual Local Area Network module
VOS Virtual Operating System module
VRRP Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol module
VTY Virtual Type Terminal module
To sum up, the major task of the information center is to output the three types of
information of the modules onto the ten channels in terms of the eight severity levels
and according to the user’s settings, and then redirect the system information from ten
channels to the six output destinations.
1.1.2 System Information Format
System information has the following format:
<priority>timestamp sysname module/level/digest:content
Note:
z The closing set of angel brackets < >, the space, the forward slash /, and the colon
are all required in the above format.
z Before the <priority>, there may be a %, “#, or * followed with a space, indicating log,
alarm, or debugging information respectively.
z This format is the standard format of system information. After the system
information is sent to the log host, the displayed format depends on the tools you
use to view the logs.
Below is an example of the format of log information to be output to a log host:
% <188>Sep 28 15:33:46:235 2005 MyDevice SHELL/5/LOGIN: Console login from aux0
What follows is a detailed explanation of the fields involved:
I. Priority
The priority is calculated using the following formula: facility*8+severity, in which facility
represents the logging facility name and can be configured when you set the log host
parameters. The facility ranges from local0 to local7 (16 to 23 in decimal integers) and
defaults to local7. The facility is mainly used to mark different log sources on the log
host, query and filter the logs of the corresponding log source. Severity ranges from 0
to 7.
Table 1-1 details the value and meaning associated with each severity.
Note that there is no space between the priority and timestamp fields and that the
priority takes effect only when the information has been sent to the log host.
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II. Timestamp
Timestamp records the time when system information is generated to allow users to
check and identify system events.
Note that there is a space between the timestamp and sysname (host name) fields.
III. Sysname
Sysname is the system name of the current host. You can use the sysname command
to modify the system name. (Refer to System Maintaining and Debugging for details)
Note that there is a space between the sysname and module fields.
IV. Module
The module field represents the name of the module that generates system information.
You can enter the info-center source ? command in system view to view the module
list.
Refer to
Table 1-3 for module name and description.
Between “module” and “level” is a “/”.
V. Level (Severity)
System information can be divided into eight levels based on its severity, from 0 to 7.
Refer to
Table 1-1 for definition and description of these severity levels. Note that there
is a forward slash between the levels (severity) and digest fields.
VI. Digest
The digest field is a string of up to 32 characters, outlining the system information.
Note that there is a colon between the digest and content fields.
VII. Content
This field provides the content of the system information.
1.2 Configuring Information Center
1.2.1 Information Center Configuration Task List
Complete the following tasks to configure information center:
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Task Remarks
Setting to Output System Information to the Console Optional
Setting to Output System Information to a Monitor Terminal Optional
Setting to Output System Information to a Log Host Optional
Setting to Output System Information to the Trap Buffer Optional
Setting to Output System Information to the Log Buffer Optional
Setting to Output System Information to the SNMP NMS Optional
Configuring Synchronous Information Output Optional
1.2.2 Setting to Output System Information to the Console
I. Setting to output system information to the console
To do… Use the command… Remarks
Enter system view
system-view
—
Enable information center
info-center enable
Optional
Enabled by default
Name the channel with a
specified channel number
info-center channel
channel-number name
channel-name
Optional
Refer to
Table 1-2 for
default channel names.
Configure the channel
through which system
information can be output
to the console
info-center console
channel
{ channel-number |
channel-name }
Optional
System information is
output to the console by
default, with channel 0 as
the default channel.
Configure the output rules
of system information
info-center source
{ module-name | default }
channel
{ channel-number |
channel-name } [ debug
{ level severity | state
state } * | log { level
severity | state state } * |
trap { level severity |
state state } * ] *
Optional
Refer to
Table 1-4 for the
default output rules of
system information.
Configure the format of
the time stamp
info-center timestamp
{ debugging | log | trap }
{ boot | date | none }
Optional
The time stamp format for
log, trap and debugging
information is date by
default.
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Table 1-4 Default output rules for different output destinations
LOG TRAP DEBUG
Output
destina
tion
Module
s
allowe
d
Enable
d/disab
led
Severit
y
Enable
d/disab
led
Severit
y
Enable
d/disab
led
Severit
y
Consol
e
default
(all
module
s)
Enable
d
warning
s
Enable
d
debuggi
ng
Enable
d
debuggi
ng
Monitori
ng
terminal
default
(all
module
s)
Enable
d
warning
s
Enable
d
debuggi
ng
Enable
d
debuggi
ng
Log
host
default
(all
module
s)
Enable
d
informat
ional
Enable
d
debuggi
ng
Disable
d
debuggi
ng
Trap
buffer
default
(all
module
s)
Disable
d
informat
ional
Enable
d
warning
s
Disable
d
debuggi
ng
Log
buffer
default
(all
module
s)
Enable
d
warning
s
Disable
d
debuggi
ng
Disable
d
debuggi
ng
SNMP
NMS
default
(all
module
s)
Disable
d
debuggi
ng
Enable
d
warning
s
Disable
d
debuggi
ng
II. Enabling the display of system information on the console
After setting to output system information to the console, you need to enable the
associated display function to display the output information on the console.
Follow these steps in user view to enable the display of system information on the
console:
To do… Use the command… Remarks
Enable the monitoring of
system information on
the console
terminal monitor
Optional
Enabled on the console and
disabled on the monitoring
terminal by default.
Enable the display of
debugging information on
the console
terminal debugging
Required
Disabled by default
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To do… Use the command… Remarks
Enable the display of log
information on the
console
terminal logging
Optional
Enabled by default
Enable the display of trap
information on the
console
terminal trapping
Optional
Enabled by default
1.2.3 Setting to Output System Information to a Monitor Terminal
System information can also be output to a monitor terminal, which is a user terminal
that has login connections through the AUX, or VTY user interface.
I. Setting to output system information to a monitor terminal
To do… Use the command… Remarks
Enter system view
system-view
—
Enable information center
info-center enable
Optional
Enabled by default
Name the channel with a
specified channel number
info-center channel
channel-number name
channel-name
Optional
Refer to
Table 1-2 for
default channel names.
Configure the channel
through which system
information can be output
to a monitor terminal
info-center monitor
channel
{ channel-number |
channel-name }
Optional
System information is
output to the monitor
terminal by default with
channel 1 as the default
channel.
Configure the output rules
of the system information
info-center source
{ module-name | default }
channel
{ channel-number |
channel-name } [ debug
{ level severity | state
state } * | log { level
severity | state state } * |
trap { level severity |
state state } * ] *
Optional
Refer to
Table 1-4 for the
default output rules of the
system information.
Configure the format of
the time stamp
info-center timestamp
{ debugging | log | trap }
{ boot | date | none }
Optional
By default, the time stamp
format for log, trap and
debugging information is
date.
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II. Enabling the display of system information on a monitor terminal
After setting to output system information to a monitor terminal, you need to enable the
associated display function in order to display the output information on the monitor
terminal.
Follow these steps to enable the display of system information on a monitor terminal:
To do… Use the command… Remarks
Enable the monitoring of
system information on a
monitor terminal
terminal monitor
Required
Enabled on the console
disabled on the
monitoring terminal by
default.
Enable the display of
debugging information on
a monitor terminal
terminal debugging
Required
Disabled by default
Enable the display of log
information on a monitor
terminal
terminal logging
Optional
Enabled by default
Enable the display of trap
information on a monitor
terminal
terminal trapping
Optional
Enabled by default
1.2.4 Setting to Output System Information to a Log Host
To do… Use the command… Remarks
Enter system view
system-view
—
Enable information center
info-center enable
Optional
Enabled by default
Name the channel with a
specified channel number
info-center channel
channel-number name
channel-name
Optional
Refer to
Table 1-2 for
default channel names.
Specify a log host and
configure the parameters
when system information
is output to the log host
info-center loghost
host-ip [ channel
{ channel-number |
channel-name } | facility
local-number ] *
Required
By default, the system
does not output
information to a log host. If
you specify to output
system information to a
log host, the system uses
channel 2 (loghost) by
default.
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To do… Use the command… Remarks
Configure the source
interface through which
log information can be
output to a log host
info-center loghost
source interface-type
interface-number
Optional
No source interface is
configured by default, and
the system selects an
interface as the source
interface.
Configure the output rules
of the system information
info-center source
{ module-name | default }
channel
{ channel-number |
channel-name } [ debug
{ level severity | state
state } * | log { level
severity | state state } * |
trap { level severity |
state state } * ] *
Optional
Refer to
Table 1-4 for the
output rules of the system
information.
Configure the format of
the time stamp for log
information
info-center timestamp
loghost { date |
no-year-date | none }
Optional
date by default.
1.2.5 Setting to Output System Information to the Trap Buffer
To do… Use the command… Remarks
Enter system view
system-view
—
Enable information center
info-center enable
Optional
Enabled by default
Name the channel with a
specified channel number
info-center channel
channel-number name
channel-name
Optional
Refer to
Table 1-2 for
default channel names.
Configure the channel
through which system
information can be output
to the trap buffer and
specify the buffer size
info-center trapbuffer
[ channel
{ channel-number |
channel-name } | size
buffersize ] *
Optional
System information is
output to the trap buffer by
default with a default
channel of channel 3
(known as trapbuffer) and
a default buffer size of
256.
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To do… Use the command… Remarks
Configure the output rules
of the system information
info-center source
{ module-name | default }
channel
{ channel-number |
channel-name } [ debug
{ level severity | state
state } * | log { level
severity | state state } * |
trap { level severity |
state state } * ] *
Optional
Refer to
Table 1-4 for the
output rules of the system
information.
Configure the format of
the time stamp
info-center timestamp
{ debugging | log | trap }
{ boot | date | none }
Optional
The time stamp format for
log, trap and debugging
information is date by
default.
1.2.6 Setting to Output System Information to the Log Buffer
To do… Use the command… Remarks
Enter system view
system-view
—
Enable information center
info-center enable
Optional
Enabled by default.
Name the channel with a
specified channel number
info-center channel
channel-number name
channel-name
Optional
Refer to
Table 1-2 for
default channel names.
Configure the channel
through which system
information can be output
to the log buffer and
specify the buffer size
info-center logbuffer
[ channel
{ channel-number |
channel-name } | size
buffersize ] *
Optional
System information is
output to the log buffer by
default with a default
channel of channel 4
(known as logbuffer) and
a default buffer size of
512.
Configure the output rules
of the system information
info-center source
{ module-name | default }
channel
{ channel-number |
channel-name } [ debug
{ level severity | state
state } * | log { level
severity | state state } * |
trap { level severity |
state state } * ] *
Optional
Refer to
Table 1-4 for the
output rules of the system
information.
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To do… Use the command… Remarks
Configure the format of
the timestamp
info-center timestamp
{ debugging | log | trap }
{ boot | date | none }
Optional
The time stamp format for
log, trap and debugging
information is date by
default.
1.2.7 Setting to Output System Information to the SNMP NMS
To do… Use the command… Remarks
Enter system view
system-view
—
Enable information
center
info-center enable
Optional
Enabled by default
Name the channel with
a specified channel
number
info-center channel
channel-number name
channel-name
Optional
Refer to
Table 1-2 for
default channel names.
Configure the channel
through which system
information can be
output to the SNMP
NMS
info-center snmp channel
{ channel-number |
channel-name }
Optional
System information is
output to the SNMP NMS
by default with channel 5
(known as snmpagent) as
the default channel.
Configure the output
rules of the system
information
info-center source
{ module-name | default }
channel { channel-number |
channel-name } [ debug
{ level severity | state state }
* | log { level severity | state
state } * | trap { level severity
| state state } * ] *
Optional
Refer to
Table 1-4 for the
output rules of the system
information.
Configure the format of
the timestamp
info-center timestamp
{ debugging | log | trap }
{ boot | date | none }
Optional
The time stamp format for
log, trap and debugging
information is date by
default.
Note:
To ensure that system information can be output to the SNMP NMS, you need to make
the necessary configurations on the SNMP agent and the NMS. For detailed
information on SNMP, refer to the SNMP-RMON Configuration part of the manual.
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1.2.8 Configuring Synchronous Information Output
Synchronous information output refers to the feature that if the user’s input is
interrupted by system output such as log, trap, or debugging information, then after the
completion of system output the system will display a command line prompt (in
command editing mode a prompt, or a [Y/N] string in interaction mode) and your input
so far.
This command is used in the case that your input is interrupted by a large amount of
system output. With this feature enabled, you can continue your operations from where
you were stopped.
Follow these steps to enable synchronous information output:
To do… Use the command… Remarks
Enter system view
system-view
—
Enable synchronous
information output
info-center
synchronous
Required
Disabled by default
Note:
z If you do not input any information following the current command line prompt, the
system does not display any command line prompt after system information output.
z In the interaction mode, you are prompted for some information input. If the input is
interrupted by system output, no system prompt will be made, rather only your input
will be displayed in a new line.
1.3 Displaying and Maintaining Information Center
To do… Use the command… Remarks
Display channel
information for a
specified channel
display channel
[ channel-number |
channel-name ]
Available in any view
Display the
configurations on each
output destination
display info-center
Available in any view
Display the state of the
log buffer and the log
information recorded
display logbuffer [ level severity
| size buffersize ] * [ | { begin |
exclude | include } text ]
Available in any view
Display a summary of
the log buffer
display logbuffer summary
[ level severity ]
Available in any view
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To do… Use the command… Remarks
Display the state of the
trap buffer and the trap
information recorded
display trapbuffer [ size
buffersize ]
Available in any view
Reset the log buffer
reset logbuffer
Available in user view
Reset the trap buffer
reset trapbuffer
Available in user view
1.4 Information Center Configuration Examples
1.4.1 Outputting Log Information to a Unix Log Host
I. Network requirements
z Send log information to a Unix log host with an IP address of 1.2.0.1/16;
z Log information with severity higher than informational will be output to the log
host;
z The source modules are ARP and IP.
II. Network diagram
Figure 1-1 Network diagram for outputting log information to a Unix log host
III. Configuration procedure
Before the configuration, make sure that there is a route between Device and PC.
1) Configuring the device
# Enable information center.
<Sysname> system-view
[Sysname] info-center enable
# Specify the host with IP address 1.2.0.1/16 as the log host, use channel loghost to
output log information (optional, loghost by default), and specify local4 as the logging
facility.
[Sysname] info-center loghost 1.2.0.1 channel loghost facility local4
# Disable the output of log, trap, and debugging information of all modules on the
channel loghost.
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[Sysname] info-center source default channel loghost debug state off log state
off trap state off
Caution:
As the default system configurations for different channels are different, you need to
disable the output of log, trap, and debugging information of all modules on the
specified channel (loghost in this example) first and then configure the output rule as
needed so that unnecessary information will not be output.
# Configure the information output rule: allow log information of ARP and IP modules
with severity equal to or higher than informational to be output to the log host.
[Sysname] info-center source arp channel loghost log level informational state
on
[Sysname] info-center source ip channel loghost log level informational state
on
2) Configuring the log host
The following configurations were performed on SunOS 4.0 which has similar
configurations to the Unix operating systems implemented by other vendors.
Step 1: Issue the following commands as a root user.
# mkdir /var/log/MyDevice
# touch /var/log/MyDevice/information
Step 2: Edit the file /etc/syslog.conf as a root user and add the following selector/action
pair.
# MyDevice configuration messages
local4.info /var/log/MyDevice/information
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Note:
Be aware of the following issues while editing the /etc/syslog.conf file:
z Comments must be on a separate line and must begin with the # sign.
z The selector/action pair must be separated with a tab key, rather than a space.
z No redundant spaces are allowed in the file name.
z The device name and the accepted severity of log information specified by the
/etc/syslog.conf file must be identical to those configured on the device using the
info-center loghost or info-center source command; otherwise the log
information may not be output properly to the log host.
Step three: After the log file information has been created and the configuration file
/etc/syslog.conf has been modified, ensure that the configuration file /etc/syslog.conf is
reread:
# ps -ae | grep syslogd
147
# kill -HUP 147
After the above configurations, the system will be able to keep log information in the
related file.
1.4.2 Outputting Log Information to a Linux Log Host
I. Network requirements
z Send log information to a Linux log host with an IP address of 1.2.0.1/16;
z Log information with severity higher than informational will be output to the log
host;
z All modules can output log information.
II. Network diagram
Figure 1-2 Network diagram for outputting log information to a Linux log host
III. Configuration procedure
Before configuration, make sure that there is a route between Device and PC.
1) Configuring the device
# Enable information center.
<Sysname> system-view
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[Sysname] info-center enable
# Specify the host with IP address 1.2.0.1/16 as the log host, use channel loghost to
output log information (optional, loghost by default), and specify local5 as the logging
facility.
[Sysname] info-center loghost 1.2.0.1 channel loghost facility local5
# Disable the output of log, trap, and debugging information of all modules on the
channel loghost.
[Sysname] info-center source default channel loghost debug state off log state
off trap state off
Caution:
As the default system configurations for different channels are different, you need to
disable the output of log, trap, and debugging information of all modules on the
specified channel (loghost in this example) first and then configure the output rule as
needed so that unnecessary information will not be output.
# Configure the information output rule: allow log information of all modules with
severity equal to or higher than informational to be output to the log host.
[Sysname] info-center source default channel loghost log level informational
state on
2) Configuring the log host
Step 1: Issue the following commands as a root user.
# mkdir /var/log/MyDevice
# touch /var/log/MyDevice/information
Step 2: Edit the file /etc/syslog.conf as a root user and add the following selector/action
pair.
# MyDevice configuration messages
local7.info /var/log/MyDevice/information
Operation Manual – Information Center
H3C S5500-EI Series Ethernet Switches Chapter 1 Information Center Configuration
1-19
Note:
Be aware of the following issues while editing the /etc/syslog.conf file:
z Comments must be on a separate line and must begin with the # sign.
z The selector/action pair must be separated with a tab key, rather than a space.
z No redundant spaces are allowed in the file name.
z The device name and the accepted severity of the log information specified by the
/etc/syslog.conf file must be identical to those configured on the device using the
info-center loghost or info-center source command; otherwise the log
information may not be output properly to the log host.
Step 3: After the log file information has been created and the /etc/syslog.conf file has
been modified, issue the following commands to display the process ID of syslogd,
terminate a syslogd process, and restart syslogd using the -r option.
# ps -ae | grep syslogd
147
# kill -9 147
# syslogd -r &
Note:
Ensure that the syslogd process is started with the -r option on a Linux log host.
After the above configurations, the system will be able to keep log information in the
related file.
1.4.3 Outputting Log Information to the Console
I. Network requirements
z Log information with a severity higher than informational will be output to the
console;
z The source modules are ARP and IP.
II. Network diagram
Figure 1-3 Network diagram for sending log information to the console
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H3C S5500-EI Series Operating instructions

H3C
Brand
H3C
Model
S5500-EI Series
Type
Operating instructions
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