Fritsch GTM Operating instructions

Gas Pressure and Temperature Measuring System

Planetary Mills

Operang instrucons

Gas Pressure and Temperature Measuring System for controlling the

grinding process for mechanical alloying

Valid for the following arcle numbers: 50.2510.00 / 50.2540.00

Read the instrucons prior to performing any task!

Translaon of the original operang instrucons

Version 03/2020 Index 006

Fritsch GmbH

Milling and Sizing

Industriestrasse 8

55743 Idar-Oberstein

Telephone: +49 (0)6784/ 70-0

Fax: +49 (0)6784/ 70-11

Email: inf[email protected]

Internet: www.fritsch.de

Cercaons and CE conformity

Fritsch GmbH has been cered by the SGS-TÜV Saar GmbH.

An audit cered that Fritsch GmbH conforms to the requirements of the

DIN EN ISO 9001:2015.

The enclosed Conformity Declaraon lists the guidelines the FRITSCH

instrument conforms to, to be able to bear the CE mark.

Cercaon

CE Conformity

Cercaons and CE conformity

- 3 -

Table of contents

1 Brief descripon of the GTM System............................................ 6

1.1 Scope of applicaon............................................................... 6

1.2 Operang principle................................................................ 6

1.3 The measuring principle......................................................... 6

1.4 Design.................................................................................... 7

2 Technical data................................................................................ 8

3 Safety instrucons for using the GTM System.............................. 9

3.1 Requirements for the user..................................................... 9

3.2 Electrical safety.................................................................... 10

4Installaon................................................................................... 11

4.1 Unpacking............................................................................ 11

4.2 Seng up............................................................................. 11

4.3 Electrical connecon............................................................ 11

4.4 Charging the baery............................................................ 11

4.4.1 Undervoltage display........................................................ 11

4.4.2 Charging rechargeable baeries....................................... 12

4.4.3 Rechargeable baery lifespan........................................... 12

4.5 Inial start-up....................................................................... 12

5 Installing the soware................................................................. 14

5.1 Seng up the interface........................................................ 17

5.2 Conguring the transmission unit........................................ 17

5.2.1 Conguraon.................................................................... 17

5.2.2 Setup - conguraon......................................................... 18

6 Performing a measurement......................................................... 19

6.1 Filter..................................................................................... 19

6.2 Measuring............................................................................ 19

6.3 Transferring measurement data........................................... 20

6.4 Exing the measurement..................................................... 21

6.5 Saving / loading measurements........................................... 21

6.6 Evaluang the measurement............................................... 21

7 Detailed informaon................................................................... 24

7.1 GTM soware...................................................................... 24

7.2 Operang modes and conguraon.................................... 24

7.2.1 Data reducon.................................................................. 24

7.2.2 Standby through conguraon......................................... 25

7.2.3 Automac scan rate adjustment....................................... 25

8 Cleaning........................................................................................ 26

9 Maintenance................................................................................ 27

10 Checklist for troubleshoong...................................................... 28

Table of contents

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11 Guarantee terms.......................................................................... 29

12 Index............................................................................................. 31

Table of contents

- 5 -

1 Brief descripon of the GTM System

1.1 Scope of applicaon

The GTM System records the gas pressure and temperature in the

grinding bowl during the grinding process in Planetary Mills. This pro-

vides a wide range of informaon for describing the communion,

mixing, acvaon, amorphisaon or phase transion processes that have

occurred.

nThe measured gas pressure contains informaon about temperature

changes due to heang of the grinding container. It describes the

interacon of the conned gas with the surfaces created during the

grinding process (adsorpon and desorpon of gases) while taking

into account the whole powder volume.

nBy measuring the basic temperature rise in the system using a tem-

perature sensor, the thermal eect on the gas pressure can be taken

into account to a limited extent.

One essenal applicaon is measuring slow changes of material states

during the grinding process, such as the amorphisaon of metals. Such

tests can take many hours, and rapid data acquision is not necessary.

Another important applicaon for high-energy grinding processes is to

achieve phase formaons or changes as a result of mechanical alloying.

During this processes, extremely fast reacons may occur that can be

recorded by the GTM System at a high measuring rate.

1.2 Operang principle

A microelectronic silicon membrane pressure sensor and a temperature

sensor are used as sensing components that are integrated into a modi-

ed grinding bowl lid (transmission unit). The measured values emied

by the sensors are digitally transmied to a staonary receiver located

outside of the Planetary Mill.

The received data telegrams are checked for completeness and correct-

ness in the receiver and transferred to a PC via a serial RS232 interface.

The computer programme calculates the measured values from the

received data and represents them graphically as a funcon of me. The

measured values can be saved and processed with a spreadsheet applica-

on, for example.

Power is supplied to the transmier and the sensors by rechargeable bat-

teries in the transmission unit. The data of two grinding bowls can also

be evaluated simultaneously. Two transmission units are required for

this.

1.3 The measuring principle

The measuring principle is based on the fact that gas, pressure and tem-

perature are directly proporonal in an ideal gas. (volume and mass of

the gas are constant p = const * T).

Brief descripon of the GTM System

- 6 -

The transfer of the process heat of the powder to the gas takes place due

to the large powder-gas contact surface and the close intermixing directly

during the grinding process so that temperature changes in the powder

are detected as pressure changes, almost without a me delay.

The release of heat to the grinding bowl causes a change in the relave

temperature of the grinding bowl. To measure this temperature change,

the temperature of the grinding container lid is also measured.

1.4 Design

The GTM System consists of the following parts:

1 Cylinder screws M6 x 50

2 GTM transmier

3 Cylinder screws M5 x 14

4 Filter lid

5 O-ring 78 x 2.5

6 O-ring 78 x 2.5

7 Grinding bowl

Brief descripon of the GTM System

- 7 -

2 Technical data

Analysis soware runs on WINDOWS XP / 7 / 8 / 10©

GTM pressure measuring range 0 bar - approx. 8 bar

Resoluon of pressure signal < 0.024 kPa

Resoluon of temperature signal 0.025 K

Measuring rate Up to 200 measured values / s in single and double trans-

mission mode

Temperature range of transmission unit 10 °C - 70 °C

Permissible temporary heat of reacon 15 kJ / s

Operang me with full baery Approx. 80 h

Data transmission RS232 connecon to PC (enclosed adapter RS232 to USB)

Radio transmission UHF radio transmier, 10 mW

Range of radio transmission Typically 15 m in buildings

Technical data

- 8 -

3 Safety instrucons for using the GTM System

nThe device may only be used for the purpose described.

nOnly use original accessories and original spare parts. Failure to

observe this instrucon can compromise the safety of the machine.

nThe operang personnel must be familiar with the content of the

operang manual. This includes ensuring that the operang manual

is provided with the device.

nDo not remove the informaon signs.

nSafe conduct must be strictly observed during all work.

nUnauthorised alteraon of the device will void Fritsch's declaraon

of conformity to European direcves and void the guarantee.

nThe device may only be operated indoors. The surrounding air may

not carry any electrically conducve dust.

nOnly use the measuring system in Planetary Mills from Fritsch GmbH.

nThe GTM System and the laboratory Planetary Mill are not explosion-

protected and are not suitable for grinding explosive materials.

nOperate the measuring system within the dened operang parame-

ters.

nDo not use the measuring system unaended.

nWatch out for jerking movements of the Planetary Mill and correct

the mass distribuons as necessary.

nWatch out for slipping movements of the grinding bowls and

increase the clamping force of the clamping device, if necessary.

nReplace screws that have worn-out threads.

nOnly use the measuring system in a dry environment.

nObserve the safety instrucons in the operang manual of your Plan-

etary Mill.

nBefore using the measuring system, consider the enthalpy of forma-

on of the new compound that could be created. Ensure that only so

much sample material is added to the grinding bowl so that the

quanty of heat released does not exceed 15 kJ per second!

nBefore switching on the Planetary Mill, disconnect the charging cable

from the transmission unit!

3.1 Requirements for the user

This operang manual is intended for persons assigned with operang

and monitoring the Fritsch of the GTM System. The operang manual

and especially its safety instrucons are to be observed by all persons

working on or with this device. In addion, the applicable rules and regu-

laons for accident prevenon at the installaon site are to be observed.

Always keep the operang manual at the installaon site of the of the

GTM System.

People with health problems or under the inuence of medicaon,

drugs, alcohol or exhauson must not operate this device.

Safety instrucons for using the GTM System

- 9 -

The of the GTM System may only be operated by authorised persons and

serviced or repaired by trained specialists. All commissioning, mainte-

nance and repair work may only be carried out by technically qualied

personnel. Qualied personnel are persons who, because of their educa-

on, experience and training as well as their knowledge of relevant

standards, regulaons, accident prevenon guidelines and operang

condions, are authorised by those responsible for the safety of the

machine to carry out the required work and are able to recognize and

avoid possible hazards as dened for skilled workers in IEC 364.

In order to prevent hazards to users, follow the instrucons in this

manual.

Malfuncons that impair the safety of persons, the of the GTM System or

other material property must be reced immediately. The following

informaon serves both the personal safety of operang personnel as

well as the safety of the products described and any devices connected

to them: All maintenance and repair work may only be performed by

technically qualied personnel.

This operang manual is not a complete technical descripon. Only the

details required for operaon and maintaining usability are described.

Fritsch has prepared and reviewed this operang manual with the

greatest care. However, no guarantee is made for its completeness or

accuracy.

Subject to technical modicaons.

3.2 Electrical safety

Note the input voltage of the receiver! Only connect plugs and cables to

the sockets intended for this purpose.

Safety instrucons for using the GTM System

- 10 -

4 Installaon

4.1 Unpacking

Compare the contents of the delivery with your order.

4.2 Seng up

nOperate indoors only

nOperang temperature of receiver 20 - 40 °C

nPlace the receiver next to the PC to be used. Connect the RS232

cable (9-pin) with the supplied adapter and the USB plug to your PC.

Then connect the cable to the interface of the receiver. Adjust the

interface used in the soware's default sengs.

4.3 Electrical connecon

Before connecng the power adapter, compare the voltage and current

values stated on the type plate with the values of the mains system to be

used.

If the mains voltage is not 230 V AC, use a power adapter that delivers

12 V DC of output voltage and 300 mW of power.

Plug the jack plug of the power adapter into the rear power supply

socket of the receiver and plug the power adapter into a power outlet.

Switch on the receiver (press the "Power" buon), the green display next

to the switch lights up.

4.4 Charging the baery

4.4.1 Undervoltage display

nIf the voltage falls below a dened value, the soware will display

the message ‘Charge rechargeable baeries / baeries’. The trans-

mission unit can measure for several more hours aer the message

appears for the rst me. The rechargeable baery will then be 2/3

depleted.

nAer the message ‘Cauon! Transmier in undervoltage

transmission mode’ is displayed, measuring and transmission mode

will be shut o aer approximately 1000 data transmissions.

Installaon

- 11 -

4.4.2 Charging rechargeable baeries

nRecharge the rechargeable baeries prior to long grinding processes.

nThe transmission unit must be at rest when the rechargeable bat-

teries are recharged. Plug the charging cable into the transmier and

into one of the two charging sockets on the receiver.

nThe assigned green display ashes briey three mes and lights up

during the charging process.

nThe green display goes out when the rechargeable baeries are fully

charged.

nIt takes approx. 17 hours to charge discharged baeries.

nStop charging the rechargeable baeries aer one day.

NOTICE!

Aer switching on the ON / OFF switch and subsequent

charging, the rechargeable baeries are always charged

for approx. 5 hours. If this is done several mes in short

succession, there is a risk of overcharging. The

rechargeable baeries may lose capacity as a result.

4.4.3 Rechargeable baery lifespan

nThe lifespan of the baeries will be shortened if the transmission

unit overheats.

nThe rechargeable baeries should be discharged as much as possible

prior to recharging.

nThe transmier rechargeable baeries can last up to 1000 charging/

discharging cycles if used properly.

4.5 Inial start-up

NOTICE!

To use the GTM system, the pressure pad on the Safe-

Lock locking device must be replaced. Simply remove

the original pressure pad and place the pressure pad

supplied with the GTM system on it.

Installaon

- 12 -

1. Unscrew the transmission unit from the grinding bowl.

2. Plug the switch plug of the charging cable into the socket of the

transmission unit.

3. Unscrew the cover of the transmission unit.

4. Switch on the start-up switch so that the point is visible (the

switched-o state is shown in the photo).

Installaon

- 13 -

5 Installing the soware

The soware for receiving the GTM data can only be

executed under WINDOWS 10 as administrator!

nStandard PC with MS Windows operang system (95 or higher).

nA serial interface with a transfer rate of 19,200 baud.

nUSB interface

1. Start the PC.

2. Insert USB ash drive and start the Fritsch Soware Installer.

3. Select ‘GTM System’ .

4. Next, select ‘GTM System’ again and the soware installaon will

begin.

5. Start by selecng the desired language.

Prerequisites for installaon

Installing the soware

- 14 -

6. The Setup Wizard starts.

7. Accept the licence agreements.

8. Choose a storage locaon for the GTM soware.

9. Select the points at which you would like to set up links for the

GTM soware.

Installing the soware

- 15 -

10. Specify the start menu entry in which you want to install the link.

11. Press the ‘Install’ buon to nish the installaon.

12. A message will nofy you whether the installaon was successful.

13. Start the soware from the start menu or the GTM 2 link on your

desktop.

Installing the soware

- 16 -

5.1 Seng up the interface

1. In the system sengs, verify the COM port to which the receiver

unit is connected.

2. In the GTM 2 soware, open the Parameters menu item in the Set-

tings tab.

3. Here you can select the correct COM port. This seng will be kept

when the programme is restarted.

5.2 Conguring the transmission unit

The standard parameter set is loaded by default. If you require dierent

sengs, the transmission unit can be in changed in the conguraon

menu. The conguraon must be retained during a measurement. The

standard parameter set is sucient for a wide range of applicaons.

5.2.1 Conguraon

nSerial number:

Can only be changed in administrator mode.

nStand by:

Period of me unl transmier module is temporarily switched o

for energy-saving purposes. Data is only exchanged again if impor-

tant changes have been made to measured values.

nCheck transmission:

Aer the me period of (stand by) x (check transmission), data is

cyclically exchanged even if measured values are idencal.

nScan rate:

Dynamic scan rate in the case of changing measured values.

Example: Measured values that barely change are transmied at

larger me intervals, whereas values that change more dramacally

are transmied at larger intervals. In this way, limited baery charge

is preserved.

n‘p:T’ transmission:

Rao of pressure to temperature measurement.

Example: ‘p:T’ = 15, then the pressure, which can change quickly

under certain circumstances, is measured 15 mes, aer which the

relavely slow temperature change is measured once.

Transmission unit

Pressure

Temperature

Installing the soware

- 17 -

nUser-dened descripon of the seng.

nThe dened sengs apply to either channel 1 or the (oponal)

channel 2.

nSave sengs as data set or load other sengs.

5.2.2 Setup - conguraon

The values set under ‘Conguraon’ must be transferred to the trans-

mission unit in order to take eect.

To do this, proceed as follows:

1. Connect the transmission unit to the receiver using the charging

cable.

2. Note the receiver channel used in the conguraon

3. Acvate the interface via ‘Connecon’ in the ‘Measurement’ tab.

4. Then select the Setup broadcast-unit transfer tool under

‘Measurement’ and ‘Setup’ .

5. Choose the ‘Setup’ buon to transfer the new conguraon data.

Comment

Sengs

Save / load

Installing the soware

- 18 -

6 Performing a measurement

6.1 Filter

NOTICE!

– Only use the transmission unit with a lter

inserted.

– Change the lter when you grind dierent mate-

rials.

– Check the lter aer each measurement and

replace it, if necessary.

nUnscrew the two sloed screws (boom of transmission unit)

nRemove the plate

nInsert the lter (a lter is already inserted at the factory)

nScrew the plate back on ghtly

6.2 Measuring

1. Check the following:

nStart-up switch of the transmission unit

nCharge level of the baery

nFilter

nScrew connecon of the transmission unit

2. Fill the grinding bowl (see the operang manual of the Planetary

Mill).

3. Check the lter of the grinding bowl. Replace it if damaged.

4. Screw the transmission unit onto the grinding bowl. (4 screws)

5. Place the grinding bowl into the Planetary Mill.

6. Follow the instrucons for ghtening the grinding bowl in the

operang manual of the Planetary Mill!

CAUTION!

The Planetary Mill must never be loaded on one

side. It must always be loaded symmetrically,

meaning the combined weight of the GTM

System, the grinding balls and the sample must

be the same as a counterweight.

7. Compensate for the weight dierence to the GTM System.

8. Switch on the receiver and the PC.

9. Start the GTM II programme.

Performing a measurement

- 19 -

6.3 Transferring measurement data

1. Press the buon in order to acvate the connecon to the

receiver.

2. Select the ‘1 channel’ menu item in the ‘Measurement’ menu. A

graph window for data recording appears.

3. The ‘CHECK IN’ message prompts you to disconnect the plug from

the transmission unit. This acvates the unit and starts the trans-

mission of data to the receiver.

4. The yellow LED on the receiver indicates that measurement data is

being received. (yellow display changes the switching status in

me intervals according to conguraon)

5. Set the rotaonal speed and grinding me on the Planetary Mill,

clamp the transmission unit into the bowl holder.

6. As soon as the CHECK IN is completed, data transmission will

begin. If you choose the ‘Start Measurement’ buon (arrow), the

recording is deleted and is started again.

7. Start the grinding process, observing the instrucons in the oper-

ang manual for the Planetary Mill.

NOTICE!

Monitor the temperature of the transmission

unit. Do not allow temperatures to exceed 70 °C

and plan a cool-down phase, if necessary.

The computer programme will display the following message if the tem-

perature is too high: Temperature exceeded on transmission unit

Performing a measurement

- 20 -

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Fritsch GTM Operating instructions

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