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FN IO Module

Dell FN IO Module Owner's manual

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Dell PowerEdge FN I/O Module
Conguration Guide
9.11(2.1P1)
Notes, cautions, and warnings
NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your product.
CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the problem.
WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.
Copyright © 2017 Dell Inc. or its subsidiaries. All rights reserved. Dell, EMC, and other trademarks are trademarks of Dell Inc. or its subsidiaries. Other
trademarks may be trademarks of their respective owners.
2017 - 06
Rev. A00
Contents
1 About this Guide...........................................................................................................................................32
Audience............................................................................................................................................................................32
Conventions......................................................................................................................................................................32
Information Symbols........................................................................................................................................................32
Related Documents......................................................................................................................................................... 33
2 Before You Start.......................................................................................................................................... 34
Operational Modes...........................................................................................................................................................34
Standalone mode....................................................................................................................................................... 34
VLT mode....................................................................................................................................................................34
Programmable MUX mode....................................................................................................................................... 34
Stacking mode............................................................................................................................................................35
Full Switch mode........................................................................................................................................................35
Default Settings............................................................................................................................................................... 35
Other Auto-Congured Settings....................................................................................................................................36
Data Center Bridging Support........................................................................................................................................36
FCoE Connectivity and FIP Snooping...........................................................................................................................36
iSCSI Operation................................................................................................................................................................36
Link Aggregation...............................................................................................................................................................37
Link Tracking..................................................................................................................................................................... 37
Conguring VLANs.......................................................................................................................................................... 37
Uplink LAG.................................................................................................................................................................. 37
Server-Facing LAGs...................................................................................................................................................37
Where to Go From Here..................................................................................................................................................38
3 Conguration Fundamentals........................................................................................................................ 39
Accessing the Command Line........................................................................................................................................39
CLI Modes.........................................................................................................................................................................40
Navigating CLI Modes...............................................................................................................................................40
The do Command............................................................................................................................................................. 41
Undoing Commands........................................................................................................................................................ 42
Obtaining Help..................................................................................................................................................................42
Entering and Editing Commands....................................................................................................................................43
Command History............................................................................................................................................................ 43
Filtering show Command Outputs................................................................................................................................. 44
Multiple Users in Conguration Mode...........................................................................................................................45
4 Getting Started............................................................................................................................................46
Console Access................................................................................................................................................................ 47
Serial Console............................................................................................................................................................. 47
External Serial Port with a USB Connector............................................................................................................49
Accessing the CLI Interface and Running Scripts Using SSH....................................................................................49
Contents
3
Entering CLI commands Using an SSH Connection..............................................................................................49
Executing Local CLI Scripts Using an SSH Connection........................................................................................49
Boot Process....................................................................................................................................................................50
Default Conguration....................................................................................................................................................... 51
Conguring a Host Name................................................................................................................................................ 51
Conguring a Unique Host Name on the System........................................................................................................52
Accessing the System Remotely....................................................................................................................................52
Accessing the Switch Remotely...............................................................................................................................52
Congure the Management Port IP Address......................................................................................................... 52
Congure a Management Route..............................................................................................................................53
Conguring a Username and Password.................................................................................................................. 53
Conguring the Enable Password..................................................................................................................................53
Conguration File Management.....................................................................................................................................54
Copy Files to and from the System......................................................................................................................... 54
Save the Running-Conguration............................................................................................................................. 55
Viewing Files...............................................................................................................................................................56
Managing the File System...............................................................................................................................................57
View the Command History........................................................................................................................................... 58
Using HTTP for File Transfers........................................................................................................................................ 58
Upgrading and Downgrading the Dell Networking OS................................................................................................59
Verify Software Images Before Installation...................................................................................................................59
Deploying FN I/O Module............................................................................................................................................... 60
Ensuring the FN IOM system is in Standalone Mode.............................................................................................61
Conguration Examples............................................................................................................................................. 61
Congure Interfaces and Port Channel...................................................................................................................63
Verifying the Congurations.....................................................................................................................................64
5 Management............................................................................................................................................... 65
Conguring Privilege Levels........................................................................................................................................... 65
Creating a Custom Privilege Level...........................................................................................................................66
Customizing a Privilege Level...................................................................................................................................66
Applying a Privilege Level to a Username...............................................................................................................68
Applying a Privilege Level to a Terminal Line.......................................................................................................... 68
Conguring Logging........................................................................................................................................................ 68
Audit and Security Logs............................................................................................................................................ 69
Conguring Logging Format ...................................................................................................................................70
Setting Up a Secure Connection to a Syslog Server..............................................................................................71
Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration........................................................................................ 72
Log Messages in the Internal Buer..............................................................................................................................72
Conguration Task List for System Log Management.......................................................................................... 73
Disabling System Logging............................................................................................................................................... 73
Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server............................................................................................................ 73
Conguring a UNIX System as a Syslog Server.....................................................................................................73
Changing System Logging Settings............................................................................................................................... 74
Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration........................................................................................75
Conguring a UNIX Logging Facility Level....................................................................................................................75
4
Contents
Synchronizing Log Messages......................................................................................................................................... 76
Enabling Timestamp on Syslog Messages.................................................................................................................... 77
Enabling Secure Management Mode.............................................................................................................................77
Enabling Secured CLI Mode............................................................................................................................................78
File Transfer Services.......................................................................................................................................................78
Conguration Task List for File Transfer Services..................................................................................................78
Enabling the FTP Server........................................................................................................................................... 78
Conguring FTP Server Parameters........................................................................................................................79
Conguring FTP Client Parameters......................................................................................................................... 79
Terminal Lines...................................................................................................................................................................80
Denying and Permitting Access to a Terminal Line................................................................................................80
Conguring Login Authentication for Terminal Lines.............................................................................................80
Setting Time Out of EXEC Privilege Mode................................................................................................................... 81
Using Telnet to get to Another Network Device..........................................................................................................82
Lock CONFIGURATION Mode....................................................................................................................................... 82
Viewing the Conguration Lock Status...................................................................................................................83
Limit Concurrent Login Sessions....................................................................................................................................83
Restrictions for Limiting the Number of Concurrent Sessions............................................................................ 83
Conguring Concurrent Session Limit.....................................................................................................................84
Enabling the System to Clear Existing Sessions.................................................................................................... 84
Track Login Activity......................................................................................................................................................... 85
Restrictions for Tracking Login Activity.................................................................................................................. 85
Conguring Login Activity Tracking.........................................................................................................................85
Display Login Statistics..............................................................................................................................................86
Recovering from a Forgotten Password........................................................................................................................87
Recovering from a Forgotten Enable Password...........................................................................................................88
Recovering from a Failed Start...................................................................................................................................... 89
6 802.1X......................................................................................................................................................... 90
The Port-Authentication Process.................................................................................................................................. 93
EAP over RADIUS......................................................................................................................................................94
Conguring 802.1X...........................................................................................................................................................94
Related Conguration Tasks..................................................................................................................................... 94
Important Points to Remember......................................................................................................................................95
Enabling 802.1X................................................................................................................................................................ 95
Conguring Request Identity Re-Transmissions.....................................................................................................96
Conguring a Quiet Period after a Failed Authentication......................................................................................97
Forcibly Authorizing or Unauthorizing a Port............................................................................................................... 98
Re-Authenticating a Port................................................................................................................................................99
Conguring Timeouts......................................................................................................................................................99
Conguring Dynamic VLAN Assignment with Port Authentication.........................................................................100
Guest and Authentication-Fail VLANs....................................................................................................................101
Conguring a Guest VLAN......................................................................................................................................102
Conguring an Authentication-Fail VLAN............................................................................................................. 102
7 Access Control List (ACL) VLAN Groups and Content Addressable Memory (CAM)...................................104
Contents
5
Optimizing CAM Utilization During the Attachment of ACLs to VLANs................................................................. 104
Guidelines for Conguring ACL VLAN groups............................................................................................................105
Conguring ACL VLAN Groups and Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters...............................................106
Conguring ACL VLAN Groups.............................................................................................................................. 106
Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters....................................................................................................... 107
Viewing CAM Usage.......................................................................................................................................................107
Allocating FP Blocks for VLAN Processes.................................................................................................................. 109
8 Access Control Lists (ACLs)........................................................................................................................110
IP Access Control Lists (ACLs)...................................................................................................................................... 111
Implementing ACL on the Dell Networking OS........................................................................................................... 112
ACLs and VLANs.............................................................................................................................................................112
ACL Optimization............................................................................................................................................................ 112
Determine the Order in which ACLs are Used to Classify Trac..............................................................................112
Example of the order Keyword to Determine ACL Sequence..............................................................................112
IP Fragment Handling..................................................................................................................................................... 113
IP Fragments ACL Examples..........................................................................................................................................113
Layer 4 ACL Rules Examples......................................................................................................................................... 113
Congure a Standard IP ACL.........................................................................................................................................114
Conguring a Standard IP ACL Filter............................................................................................................................115
Congure an Extended IP ACL......................................................................................................................................116
Conguring Filters with a Sequence Number..............................................................................................................116
Conguring Filters Without a Sequence Number........................................................................................................117
Established Flag...............................................................................................................................................................117
Congure Layer 2 and Layer 3 ACLs.............................................................................................................................117
Assign an IP ACL to an Interface...................................................................................................................................118
Applying an IP ACL..........................................................................................................................................................118
Counting ACL Hits.......................................................................................................................................................... 119
Congure Ingress ACLs.................................................................................................................................................. 119
Congure Egress ACLs..................................................................................................................................................120
Applying Egress Layer 3 ACLs (Control-Plane).......................................................................................................... 120
IP Prex Lists................................................................................................................................................................... 121
Implementation Information..................................................................................................................................... 121
Conguration Task List for Prex Lists.........................................................................................................................121
Creating a Prex List......................................................................................................................................................122
Creating a Prex List Without a Sequence Number.................................................................................................. 122
Viewing Prex Lists........................................................................................................................................................ 123
Applying a Prex List for Route Redistribution........................................................................................................... 124
Applying a Filter to a Prex List (OSPF)......................................................................................................................124
ACL Resequencing......................................................................................................................................................... 125
Resequencing an ACL or Prex List.............................................................................................................................125
Route Maps..................................................................................................................................................................... 127
Implementation Information.....................................................................................................................................127
Important Points to Remember.....................................................................................................................................127
Conguration Task List for Route Maps...................................................................................................................... 127
Creating a Route Map....................................................................................................................................................127
6
Contents
Congure Route Map Filters.........................................................................................................................................129
Conguring Match Routes............................................................................................................................................ 129
Conguring Set Conditions........................................................................................................................................... 130
Congure a Route Map for Route Redistribution........................................................................................................131
Congure a Route Map for Route Tagging.................................................................................................................. 131
Continue Clause..............................................................................................................................................................132
Logging of ACL Processes............................................................................................................................................ 132
Guidelines for Conguring ACL Logging......................................................................................................................133
Conguring ACL Logging...............................................................................................................................................133
Flow-Based Monitoring Support for ACLs.................................................................................................................. 134
Behavior of Flow-Based Monitoring.......................................................................................................................134
Enabling Flow-Based Monitoring..................................................................................................................................135
9 Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD).................................................................................................. 137
How BFD Works..............................................................................................................................................................137
BFD Packet Format..................................................................................................................................................138
BFD Sessions............................................................................................................................................................ 139
BFD Three-Way Handshake.................................................................................................................................... 140
Session State Changes............................................................................................................................................142
Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................................... 142
Congure BFD................................................................................................................................................................ 142
Congure BFD for Physical Ports...........................................................................................................................143
Enabling BFD Globally.............................................................................................................................................. 143
Changing Physical Port Session Parameters........................................................................................................ 144
Disabling and Re-Enabling BFD...............................................................................................................................144
Congure BFD for Static Routes..................................................................................................................................145
Related Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................145
Establishing Sessions for Static Routes.................................................................................................................145
Establishing Static Route Sessions on Specic Neighbors................................................................................. 146
Changing Static Route Session Parameters..........................................................................................................147
Disabling BFD for Static Routes..............................................................................................................................147
Congure BFD for OSPF............................................................................................................................................... 147
Related Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................148
Establishing Sessions with OSPF Neighbors........................................................................................................ 148
Establishing Sessions with OSPF Neighbors for nondefault VRFs.................................................................... 149
Changing OSPF Session Parameters.....................................................................................................................150
Disabling BFD for OSPF.......................................................................................................................................... 150
Congure BFD for OSPFv3............................................................................................................................................151
Related Conguration Tasks.....................................................................................................................................151
Establishing Sessions with OSPFv3 Neighbors.....................................................................................................151
Establishing BFD Sessions with OSPFv3 Neighbors for nondefault VRFs........................................................ 151
Changing OSPFv3 Session Parameters.................................................................................................................153
Disabling BFD for OSPFv3...................................................................................................................................... 153
Congure BFD for BGP................................................................................................................................................. 153
Prerequisites..............................................................................................................................................................153
Establishing Sessions with BGP Neighbors.......................................................................................................... 154
Contents
7
Disabling BFD for BGP.............................................................................................................................................155
Use BFD in a BGP Peer Group............................................................................................................................... 156
Displaying BFD for BGP Information......................................................................................................................156
Congure BFD for VRRP...............................................................................................................................................160
Related Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................160
Establishing Sessions with All VRRP Neighbors....................................................................................................161
Establishing VRRP Sessions on VRRP Neighbors................................................................................................ 161
Changing VRRP Session Parameters.....................................................................................................................162
Disabling BFD for VRRP.......................................................................................................................................... 162
Congure BFD for VLANs............................................................................................................................................. 163
Related Conguration Task......................................................................................................................................163
Establish Sessions with VLAN Neighbors............................................................................................................. 164
Changing VLAN Session Parameters.....................................................................................................................164
Disabling BFD for VLANs.........................................................................................................................................165
Congure BFD for Port-Channels................................................................................................................................165
Related Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................165
Establish Sessions on Port-Channels.....................................................................................................................166
Changing Physical Port Session Parameters........................................................................................................ 166
Disabling BFD for Port-Channels............................................................................................................................167
Conguring Protocol Liveness...................................................................................................................................... 167
Troubleshooting BFD...................................................................................................................................................... 167
10 Border Gateway Protocol IPv4 (BGPv4)................................................................................................... 169
Autonomous Systems (AS)........................................................................................................................................... 169
Sessions and Peers......................................................................................................................................................... 171
Establish a Session....................................................................................................................................................171
Route Reectors.............................................................................................................................................................172
Communities..............................................................................................................................................................173
BGP Attributes................................................................................................................................................................173
Best Path Selection Criteria.................................................................................................................................... 173
Weight........................................................................................................................................................................175
Local Preference.......................................................................................................................................................175
Multi-Exit Discriminators (MEDs)...........................................................................................................................176
Origin.......................................................................................................................................................................... 177
AS Path...................................................................................................................................................................... 178
Next Hop................................................................................................................................................................... 178
Multiprotocol BGP.......................................................................................................................................................... 178
Implement BGP with the Dell Networking OS............................................................................................................ 179
Additional Path (Add-Path) Support......................................................................................................................179
Advertise IGP Cost as MED for Redistributed Routes........................................................................................ 179
Ignore Router-ID for Some Best-Path Calculations............................................................................................. 180
Four-Byte AS Numbers........................................................................................................................................... 180
AS4 Number Representation.................................................................................................................................. 180
AS Number Migration.............................................................................................................................................. 182
BGP4 Management Information Base (MIB)........................................................................................................183
Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 183
8
Contents
Conguration Information..............................................................................................................................................184
BGP Conguration......................................................................................................................................................... 184
Enabling BGP............................................................................................................................................................ 185
Enabling MBGP Congurations.............................................................................................................................. 215
BGP Regular Expression Optimization.........................................................................................................................216
Debugging BGP.............................................................................................................................................................. 216
Storing Last and Bad PDUs.....................................................................................................................................217
PDU Counters...........................................................................................................................................................218
Sample Congurations...................................................................................................................................................218
11 Conguration Cloning................................................................................................................................227
Cloning Conguration Output Status..........................................................................................................................227
12 Content Addressable Memory (CAM).......................................................................................................230
CAM Allocation.............................................................................................................................................................. 230
Test CAM Usage.............................................................................................................................................................231
View CAM-ACL Settings............................................................................................................................................... 231
CAM Optimization......................................................................................................................................................... 232
13 Control Plane Policing (CoPP)..................................................................................................................233
Congure Control Plane Policing................................................................................................................................. 234
Conguring CoPP for Protocols............................................................................................................................ 235
Conguring CoPP for CPU Queues...................................................................................................................... 236
Show Commands.....................................................................................................................................................237
14 Data Center Bridging (DCB).....................................................................................................................239
Supported Modes..........................................................................................................................................................239
Ethernet Enhancements in Data Center Bridging..................................................................................................... 239
Priority-Based Flow Control......................................................................................................................................... 240
Enhanced Transmission Selection.................................................................................................................................241
Data Center Bridging Exchange Protocol (DCBx).....................................................................................................243
Creating a DCB Map......................................................................................................................................................243
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................243
Applying a DCB Map on Server-Facing Ethernet Ports......................................................................................244
Data Center Bridging: Default Conguration..............................................................................................................244
Data Center Bridging in a Trac Flow.........................................................................................................................245
Data Center Bridging: Auto-DCB-Enable Mode........................................................................................................ 245
Conguring Priority-Based Flow Control.................................................................................................................... 247
How Priority-Based Flow Control is Implemented...............................................................................................249
Conguring Lossless Queues................................................................................................................................. 249
Conguring the PFC Buer in a Switch Stack.................................................................................................... 250
Conguring Enhanced Transmission Selection........................................................................................................... 251
How Enhanced Transmission Selection is Implemented...................................................................................... 251
ETS Operation with DCBx...................................................................................................................................... 252
Hierarchical Scheduling in ETS Output Policies......................................................................................................... 252
DCBx Operation............................................................................................................................................................. 253
Contents
9
DCBx Operation....................................................................................................................................................... 253
DCBx Port Roles...................................................................................................................................................... 253
DCB Conguration Exchange................................................................................................................................ 254
Conguration Source Election............................................................................................................................... 255
Propagation of DCB Information........................................................................................................................... 255
Auto-Detection of the DCBx Version....................................................................................................................256
DCBx Example......................................................................................................................................................... 256
DCBx Prerequisites and Restrictions.....................................................................................................................257
DCBx Error Messages.............................................................................................................................................258
Debugging DCBx on an Interface.......................................................................................................................... 258
Verifying the DCB Conguration................................................................................................................................. 258
QoS dot1p Trac Classication and Queue Assignment.......................................................................................... 267
Troubleshooting PFC, ETS, and DCBx Operation...................................................................................................... 267
15 Dynamic Host Conguration Protocol (DHCP)......................................................................................... 270
Supported Modes.......................................................................................................................................................... 270
Assigning an IP Address using DHCP..........................................................................................................................270
Debugging DHCP Client Operation..............................................................................................................................272
DHCP Client....................................................................................................................................................................273
How DHCP Client is Implemented............................................................................................................................... 274
DHCP Client on a Management Interface.................................................................................................................. 274
DHCP Client on a VLAN............................................................................................................................................... 275
DHCP Packet Format and Options..............................................................................................................................275
Option 82........................................................................................................................................................................ 276
Releasing and Renewing DHCP-based IP Addresses................................................................................................ 277
Viewing DHCP Statistics and Lease Information....................................................................................................... 277
16 Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP)................................................................................................................ 279
ECMP for Flow-Based Anity..................................................................................................................................... 279
Enabling Deterministic ECMP Next Hop...............................................................................................................279
Link Bundle Monitoring..................................................................................................................................................279
Managing ECMP Group Paths.....................................................................................................................................280
17 FC FPORT.................................................................................................................................................281
FC FPORT...................................................................................................................................................................... 282
Conguring Switch Mode to FCF Port Mode............................................................................................................ 282
Name Server.................................................................................................................................................................. 283
FCoE Maps.....................................................................................................................................................................284
Creating an FCoE Map..................................................................................................................................................284
Zoning............................................................................................................................................................................. 285
Creating Zone and Adding Members...........................................................................................................................286
Creating Zone Alias and Adding Members..................................................................................................................286
Creating Zonesets..........................................................................................................................................................286
Activating a Zoneset......................................................................................................................................................287
Displaying the Fabric Parameters.................................................................................................................................287
10
Contents
18 FCoE Transit............................................................................................................................................ 290
Supported Modes..........................................................................................................................................................290
Fibre Channel over Ethernet........................................................................................................................................290
Ensure Robustness in a Converged Ethernet Network............................................................................................290
FIP Snooping on Ethernet Bridges.............................................................................................................................. 292
FIP Snooping in a Switch Stack...................................................................................................................................293
Using FIP Snooping....................................................................................................................................................... 294
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 294
Enabling the FCoE Transit Feature........................................................................................................................294
Enable FIP Snooping on VLANs.............................................................................................................................295
Congure the FC-MAP Value................................................................................................................................ 295
Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-Bridge Link.......................................................................................................295
Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-FCF Link...........................................................................................................295
Impact on Other Software Features..................................................................................................................... 295
FIP Snooping Prerequisites.....................................................................................................................................296
FIP Snooping Restrictions...................................................................................................................................... 296
Conguring FIP Snooping....................................................................................................................................... 297
Displaying FIP Snooping Information........................................................................................................................... 297
FCoE Transit Conguration Example...........................................................................................................................302
19 FIPS Cryptography...................................................................................................................................305
Preparing the System................................................................................................................................................... 305
Enabling FIPS Mode......................................................................................................................................................305
Generating Host-Keys...................................................................................................................................................306
Monitoring FIPS Mode Status..................................................................................................................................... 306
Disabling FIPS Mode......................................................................................................................................................307
20 Force10 Resilient Ring Protocol (FRRP).................................................................................................. 308
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................308
Ring Status............................................................................................................................................................... 309
Multiple FRRP Rings................................................................................................................................................ 310
Important FRRP Points.............................................................................................................................................311
Important FRRP Concepts......................................................................................................................................312
Implementing FRRP....................................................................................................................................................... 313
FRRP Conguration....................................................................................................................................................... 313
Creating the FRRP Group....................................................................................................................................... 313
Conguring the Control VLAN................................................................................................................................313
Conguring and Adding the Member VLANs....................................................................................................... 315
Setting the FRRP Timers........................................................................................................................................ 316
Clearing the FRRP Counters...................................................................................................................................316
Viewing the FRRP Conguration............................................................................................................................316
Viewing the FRRP Information............................................................................................................................... 316
Troubleshooting FRRP................................................................................................................................................... 317
Conguration Checks...............................................................................................................................................317
Sample Conguration and Topology.............................................................................................................................317
Contents
11
FRRP Support on VLT................................................................................................................................................... 319
Example Scenario.................................................................................................................................................... 320
Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 321
21 GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP).............................................................................................. 322
Important Points to Remember....................................................................................................................................322
Congure GVRP............................................................................................................................................................ 322
Related Conguration Tasks................................................................................................................................... 323
Enabling GVRP Globally................................................................................................................................................ 323
Enabling GVRP on a Layer 2 Interface........................................................................................................................324
Congure GVRP Registration.......................................................................................................................................324
Congure a GARP Timer.............................................................................................................................................. 325
22 FIP Snooping........................................................................................................................................... 326
Supported Modes..........................................................................................................................................................326
Fibre Channel over Ethernet........................................................................................................................................ 326
Ensuring Robustness in a Converged Ethernet Network.........................................................................................326
FIP Snooping on Ethernet Bridges.............................................................................................................................. 328
How FIP Snooping is Implemented..............................................................................................................................329
FIP Snooping on VLANs......................................................................................................................................... 329
FC-MAP Value......................................................................................................................................................... 330
Bridge-to-FCF Links................................................................................................................................................330
Impact on other Software Features...................................................................................................................... 330
FIP Snooping Prerequisites.....................................................................................................................................330
FIP Snooping Restrictions....................................................................................................................................... 331
Conguring FIP Snooping..............................................................................................................................................331
Displaying FIP Snooping Information...........................................................................................................................332
FIP Snooping Example...................................................................................................................................................337
Debugging FIP Snooping...............................................................................................................................................337
23 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP).........................................................................................339
IGMP Overview..............................................................................................................................................................339
IGMP Version 2..............................................................................................................................................................339
Joining a Multicast Group.......................................................................................................................................340
Leaving a Multicast Group......................................................................................................................................340
IGMP Version 3..............................................................................................................................................................340
Joining and Filtering Groups and Sources............................................................................................................. 341
Leaving and Staying in Groups...............................................................................................................................342
IGMP Snooping..............................................................................................................................................................343
How IGMP Snooping is Implemented on an Aggregator.......................................................................................... 343
Disabling Multicast Flooding.........................................................................................................................................343
Displaying IGMP Information........................................................................................................................................343
24 Interfaces................................................................................................................................................ 346
Basic Interface Conguration.......................................................................................................................................346
Advanced Interface Conguration...............................................................................................................................346
12
Contents
Interface Types...............................................................................................................................................................347
View Basic Interface Information................................................................................................................................. 347
Conguring the Default Interface................................................................................................................................ 349
Enabling a Physical Interface........................................................................................................................................350
Physical Interfaces.........................................................................................................................................................350
Conguration Task List for Physical Interfaces....................................................................................................350
Overview of Layer Modes....................................................................................................................................... 351
Conguring Layer 2 (Data Link) Mode.................................................................................................................. 351
Conguring Layer 2 (Interface) Mode................................................................................................................... 351
Conguring Layer 3 (Network) Mode...................................................................................................................352
Conguring Layer 3 (Interface) Mode.................................................................................................................. 352
Management Interfaces................................................................................................................................................353
Conguring Management Interfaces on the Switch........................................................................................... 354
VLAN Interfaces............................................................................................................................................................ 355
Loopback Interfaces......................................................................................................................................................355
Null Interfaces................................................................................................................................................................ 356
VLAN Membership........................................................................................................................................................ 356
Default VLAN .......................................................................................................................................................... 357
Port-Based VLANs.................................................................................................................................................. 357
VLANs and Port Tagging.........................................................................................................................................357
Conguring VLAN Membership.............................................................................................................................358
Displaying VLAN Membership................................................................................................................................358
Adding an Interface to a Tagged VLAN................................................................................................................ 359
Adding an Interface to an Untagged VLAN..........................................................................................................359
VLAN Conguration on Physical Ports and Port-Channels............................................................................... 360
Port Channel Interfaces.................................................................................................................................................361
Port Channel Denition and Standards..................................................................................................................361
Port Channel Benets..............................................................................................................................................361
Port Channel Implementation.................................................................................................................................362
100/1000/10000 Mbps Interfaces in Port Channels...........................................................................................362
Conguration Tasks for Port Channel Interfaces.................................................................................................363
Creating a Port Channel..........................................................................................................................................363
Adding a Physical Interface to a Port Channel.....................................................................................................363
Reassigning an Interface to a New Port Channel................................................................................................365
Conguring the Minimum Oper Up Links in a Port Channel.............................................................................. 366
Adding or Removing a Port Channel from a VLAN............................................................................................. 366
Assigning an IP Address to a Port Channel...........................................................................................................367
Deleting or Disabling a Port Channel..................................................................................................................... 367
Load Balancing through Port Channels.......................................................................................................................367
Changing the Hash Algorithm...................................................................................................................................... 367
Server Ports................................................................................................................................................................... 368
Default Conguration without Start-up Cong................................................................................................... 368
Bulk Conguration......................................................................................................................................................... 369
Interface Range....................................................................................................................................................... 369
Bulk Conguration Examples..................................................................................................................................370
Contents
13
Dening Interface Range Macros................................................................................................................................. 371
Dene the Interface Range..................................................................................................................................... 371
Choosing an Interface-Range Macro..................................................................................................................... 371
Monitoring and Maintaining Interfaces........................................................................................................................372
Maintenance Using TDR......................................................................................................................................... 373
Splitting QSFP Ports to SFP+ Ports............................................................................................................................373
Merging SFP+ Ports to QSFP 40G Ports............................................................................................................. 374
Congure the MTU Size on an Interface.............................................................................................................. 374
Conguring wavelength for 10–Gigabit SFP+ optics................................................................................................375
Converting a QSFP or QSFP+ Port to an SFP or SFP+ Port..................................................................................375
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................376
Example Scenarios...................................................................................................................................................376
Layer 2 Flow Control Using Ethernet Pause Frames.................................................................................................376
Enabling Pause Frames............................................................................................................................................377
Congure MTU Size on an Interface........................................................................................................................... 377
Port-Pipes....................................................................................................................................................................... 378
Auto-Negotiation on Ethernet Interfaces................................................................................................................... 378
Setting the Speed and Duplex Mode of Ethernet Interfaces.............................................................................378
View Advanced Interface Information.........................................................................................................................380
Conguring the Interface Sampling Size............................................................................................................... 381
Conguring the Trac Sampling Size Globally.....................................................................................................382
Dynamic Counters................................................................................................................................................... 383
Enhanced Control of Remote Fault Indication Processing....................................................................................... 384
25 Internet Protocol Security (IPSec).......................................................................................................... 386
Conguring IPSec .........................................................................................................................................................386
26 IPv4 Routing............................................................................................................................................388
IP Addresses...................................................................................................................................................................388
Implementation Information....................................................................................................................................389
Conguration Tasks for IP Addresses....................................................................................................................389
IPv4 Path MTU Discovery Overview........................................................................................................................... 391
Using the Congured Source IP Address in ICMP Messages..................................................................................392
Conguring the ICMP Source Interface............................................................................................................... 392
Conguring the Duration to Establish a TCP Connection........................................................................................ 392
Enabling Directed Broadcast........................................................................................................................................ 393
Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................................................393
Enabling Dynamic Resolution of Host Names......................................................................................................393
Specifying the Local System Domain and a List of Domains............................................................................. 394
Conguring DNS with Traceroute..........................................................................................................................394
ARP................................................................................................................................................................................. 395
Conguration Tasks for ARP..................................................................................................................................395
ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................................397
ARP Learning via ARP Request................................................................................................................................... 397
Conguring ARP Retries...............................................................................................................................................398
ICMP............................................................................................................................................................................... 399
14
Contents
Conguration Tasks for ICMP................................................................................................................................399
UDP Helper.....................................................................................................................................................................399
Congure UDP Helper............................................................................................................................................ 399
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 399
Enabling UDP Helper...............................................................................................................................................400
Congurations Using UDP Helper............................................................................................................................... 400
UDP Helper with Broadcast-All Addresses...........................................................................................................400
UDP Helper with Subnet Broadcast Addresses................................................................................................... 401
UDP Helper with Congured Broadcast Addresses.............................................................................................401
UDP Helper with No Congured Broadcast Addresses......................................................................................402
Troubleshooting UDP Helper........................................................................................................................................ 402
27 IPv6 Routing............................................................................................................................................ 404
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................404
Extended Address Space........................................................................................................................................405
Stateless Autoconguration................................................................................................................................... 405
IPv6 Header Fields........................................................................................................................................................ 406
Version (4 bits).........................................................................................................................................................406
Trac Class (8 bits)................................................................................................................................................ 406
Flow Label (20 bits).................................................................................................................................................406
Payload Length (16 bits).........................................................................................................................................406
Next Header (8 bits)................................................................................................................................................407
Hop Limit (8 bits).....................................................................................................................................................407
Source Address (128 bits).......................................................................................................................................408
Destination Address (128 bits)............................................................................................................................... 408
Extension Header Fields............................................................................................................................................... 408
Hop-by-Hop Options Header.................................................................................................................................408
Addressing...................................................................................................................................................................... 409
Link-local Addresses................................................................................................................................................409
Static and Dynamic Addressing............................................................................................................................. 409
Implementing IPv6 with the Dell Networking OS.......................................................................................................410
ICMPv6.............................................................................................................................................................................411
Path MTU Discovery......................................................................................................................................................412
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery...............................................................................................................................................412
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery of MTU Packets........................................................................................................... 413
Conguration Task List for IPv6 RDNSS..................................................................................................................... 413
Conguring the IPv6 Recursive DNS Server........................................................................................................ 413
Displaying IPv6 RDNSS Information.......................................................................................................................414
Debugging IPv6 RDNSS Information Sent to the Host ......................................................................................414
IPv6 Multicast.................................................................................................................................................................414
Conguration Task List for IPv6................................................................................................................................... 415
Adjusting Your CAM-Prole.....................................................................................................................................415
Assigning an IPv6 Address to an Interface............................................................................................................416
Assigning a Static IPv6 Route.................................................................................................................................416
Conguring Telnet with IPv6...................................................................................................................................417
SNMP over IPv6.......................................................................................................................................................417
Contents
15
Showing IPv6 Information....................................................................................................................................... 417
Showing an IPv6 Interface...................................................................................................................................... 418
Showing IPv6 Routes...............................................................................................................................................418
Showing the Running-Conguration for an Interface..........................................................................................419
Clearing IPv6 Routes...............................................................................................................................................420
Disabling ND Entry Timeout................................................................................................................................... 420
Secure Shell (SSH) Over an IPv6 Transport.............................................................................................................. 420
28 iSCSI Optimization................................................................................................................................... 421
Supported Modes...........................................................................................................................................................421
iSCSI Optimization Overview........................................................................................................................................421
Monitoring iSCSI Trac Flows.....................................................................................................................................422
Information Monitored in iSCSI Trac Flows.............................................................................................................423
Synchronizing iSCSI Sessions Learned on VLT-Lags with VLT-Peer.......................................................................423
iSCSI Optimization: Operation......................................................................................................................................423
Conguring iSCSI Optimization....................................................................................................................................424
Displaying iSCSI Optimization Information..................................................................................................................425
29 Intermediate System to Intermediate System...........................................................................................427
IS-IS Protocol Overview................................................................................................................................................427
IS-IS Addressing............................................................................................................................................................. 427
Multi-Topology IS-IS...................................................................................................................................................... 428
Transition Mode........................................................................................................................................................428
Interface Support.....................................................................................................................................................429
Adjacencies...............................................................................................................................................................429
Graceful Restart.............................................................................................................................................................429
Timers........................................................................................................................................................................429
Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................430
Conguration Information.............................................................................................................................................430
Conguration Tasks for IS-IS...................................................................................................................................431
IS-IS Metric Styles.........................................................................................................................................................445
Congure Metric Values............................................................................................................................................... 445
Maximum Values in the Routing Table.................................................................................................................. 445
Change the IS-IS Metric Style in One Level Only................................................................................................445
Leaks from One Level to Another.......................................................................................................................... 447
Sample Congurations.................................................................................................................................................. 448
30 Isolated Networks for Aggregators.......................................................................................................... 452
Conguring and Verifying Isolated Network Settings............................................................................................... 452
31 Link Aggregation...................................................................................................................................... 453
Supported Modes..........................................................................................................................................................453
How the LACP is Implemented on an Aggregator.....................................................................................................453
Uplink LAG................................................................................................................................................................454
Server-Facing LAGs................................................................................................................................................ 454
LACP Modes............................................................................................................................................................ 454
16
Contents
Auto-Congured LACP Timeout............................................................................................................................454
Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP)................................................................................................................ 455
Conguration Tasks for Port Channel Interfaces.................................................................................................455
Creating a Port Channel......................................................................................................................................... 455
Adding a Physical Interface to a Port Channel.....................................................................................................455
Reassigning an Interface to a New Port Channel................................................................................................ 457
Conguring the Minimum Oper Up Links in a Port Channel.............................................................................. 458
Conguring VLAN Tags for Member Interfaces.................................................................................................. 458
Deleting or Disabling a Port Channel.....................................................................................................................459
Conguring Auto LAG...................................................................................................................................................459
Conguring the Minimum Number of Links to be Up for Uplink LAGs to be Active..............................................461
Optimizing Trac Disruption Over LAG Interfaces On IOA Switches in VLT Mode..............................................462
Preserving LAG and Port Channel Settings in Nonvolatile Storage........................................................................ 462
Enabling LACP link-fallback.......................................................................................................................................... 462
Enabling the Verication of Member Links Utilization in a LAG Bundle..................................................................463
Monitoring the Member Links of a LAG Bundle........................................................................................................ 463
Verifying LACP Operation and LAG Conguration....................................................................................................464
Multiple Uplink LAGs with 10G Member Ports.......................................................................................................... 466
32 Layer 2.....................................................................................................................................................468
Supported Modes..........................................................................................................................................................468
Managing the MAC Address Table.............................................................................................................................. 468
Clearing the MAC Address Entries........................................................................................................................468
Displaying the MAC Address Table........................................................................................................................ 469
Disabling MAC Address Learning on the System.................................................................................................469
Network Interface Controller (NIC) Teaming............................................................................................................. 470
MAC Address Station Move...................................................................................................................................470
MAC Move Optimization......................................................................................................................................... 471
33 Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)......................................................................................................472
Supported Modes.......................................................................................................................................................... 472
Protocol Data Units........................................................................................................................................................472
Congure LLDP..............................................................................................................................................................474
Related Conguration Tasks................................................................................................................................... 474
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................474
CONFIGURATION versus INTERFACE Congurations.............................................................................................474
Enabling LLDP................................................................................................................................................................475
Disabling and Undoing LLDP.................................................................................................................................. 475
Advertising TLVs............................................................................................................................................................ 475
Optional TLVs................................................................................................................................................................. 476
Management TLVs...................................................................................................................................................476
IEEE Organizationally Specic TLVs...................................................................................................................... 477
LLDP-MED Capabilities TLV...................................................................................................................................478
LLDP-MED Network Policies TLV......................................................................................................................... 479
Extended Power via MDI TLV................................................................................................................................ 480
LLDP Operation............................................................................................................................................................. 480
Contents
17
Viewing the LLDP Conguration.................................................................................................................................. 481
Viewing Information Advertised by Adjacent LLDP Agents...................................................................................... 481
Conguring LLDPDU Intervals..................................................................................................................................... 482
Conguring a Time to Live............................................................................................................................................483
Clearing LLDP Counters............................................................................................................................................... 483
Debugging LLDP............................................................................................................................................................484
Relevant Management Objects................................................................................................................................... 484
34 Microsoft Network Load Balancing.......................................................................................................... 490
NLB Unicast Mode Scenario........................................................................................................................................490
NLB Multicast Mode Scenario.....................................................................................................................................490
Limitations With Enabling NLB on Switches...............................................................................................................491
Benets and Working of Microsoft Clustering............................................................................................................491
Enable and Disable VLAN Flooding ............................................................................................................................. 491
Conguring a Switch for NLB ......................................................................................................................................491
Multicast NLB Mode............................................................................................................................................... 492
35 Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP)......................................................................................... 493
Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 493
Anycast RP.....................................................................................................................................................................495
Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................496
Congure the Multicast Source Discovery Protocol.................................................................................................496
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................496
Enabling MSDP..............................................................................................................................................................500
Manage the Source-Active Cache...............................................................................................................................501
Viewing the Source-Active Cache......................................................................................................................... 501
Limiting the Source-Active Cache......................................................................................................................... 501
Clearing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................502
Enabling the Rejected Source-Active Cache....................................................................................................... 502
Accept Source-Active Messages that Fail the RFP Check......................................................................................502
Specifying Source-Active Messages.......................................................................................................................... 506
Limiting the Source-Active Messages from a Peer................................................................................................... 507
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Local Source.......................................................................................................507
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Remote Source.................................................................................................. 508
Preventing MSDP from Advertising a Local Source................................................................................................. 508
Logging Changes in Peership States...........................................................................................................................509
Terminating a Peership..................................................................................................................................................509
Clearing Peer Statistics................................................................................................................................................. 510
Debugging MSDP...........................................................................................................................................................510
MSDP with Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................. 511
Conguring Anycast RP.................................................................................................................................................512
Reducing Source-Active Message Flooding......................................................................................................... 513
Specifying the RP Address Used in SA Messages............................................................................................... 513
MSDP Sample Congurations...................................................................................................................................... 515
36 Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP)................................................................................................. 518
18
Contents
Protocol Overview..........................................................................................................................................................518
Spanning Tree Variations............................................................................................................................................... 519
Implementation Information.......................................................................................................................................... 519
Congure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol.................................................................................................................519
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................520
Enable Multiple Spanning Tree Globally...................................................................................................................... 520
Creating Multiple Spanning Tree Instances................................................................................................................ 520
Inuencing MSTP Root Selection................................................................................................................................ 521
Interoperate with Non-Dell Networking OS Bridges................................................................................................. 522
Changing the Region Name or Revision..................................................................................................................... 522
Modifying Global Parameters....................................................................................................................................... 523
Enable BPDU Filtering Globally.................................................................................................................................... 524
Modifying the Interface Parameters............................................................................................................................524
Conguring an EdgePort.............................................................................................................................................. 525
Flush MAC Addresses after a Topology Change....................................................................................................... 526
MSTP Sample Congurations......................................................................................................................................526
Router 1 Running-CongurationRouter 2 Running-CongurationRouter 3 Running-
CongurationSFTOS Example Running-Conguration....................................................................................... 527
Debugging and Verifying MSTP Congurations........................................................................................................ 530
37 Multicast Features................................................................................................................................... 532
Enabling IP Multicast.....................................................................................................................................................532
Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................532
First Packet Forwarding for Lossless Multicast.........................................................................................................533
Multicast Policies...........................................................................................................................................................533
IPv4 Multicast Policies.................................................................................................................................................. 533
Limiting the Number of Multicast Routes............................................................................................................ 534
Preventing a Host from Joining a Group.............................................................................................................. 534
Rate Limiting IGMP Join Requests........................................................................................................................537
Preventing a PIM Router from Forming an Adjacency........................................................................................537
Preventing a Source from Registering with the RP............................................................................................ 537
Preventing a PIM Router from Processing a Join............................................................................................... 540
Understanding Multicast Traceroute (mtrace).......................................................................................................... 540
Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 541
Printing Multicast Traceroute (mtrace) Paths............................................................................................................ 541
Supported Error Codes.................................................................................................................................................542
mtrace Scenarios...........................................................................................................................................................543
38 Open Shortest Path First (OSPFv2 and OSPFv3)....................................................................................549
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................549
Autonomous System (AS) Areas........................................................................................................................... 549
Area Types................................................................................................................................................................550
Networks and Neighbors.........................................................................................................................................551
Router Types............................................................................................................................................................. 551
Link-State Advertisements (LSAs)........................................................................................................................553
Router Priority and Cost.........................................................................................................................................554
Contents
19
OSPF with the Dell Networking OS............................................................................................................................555
Graceful Restart...................................................................................................................................................... 556
Fast Convergence (OSPFv2, IPv4 Only)..............................................................................................................557
Processing SNMP and Sending SNMP Traps......................................................................................................557
OSPF ACK Packing................................................................................................................................................. 557
Setting OSPF Adjacency with Cisco Routers...................................................................................................... 557
Conguration Information.............................................................................................................................................558
Conguration Task List for OSPFv2 (OSPF for IPv4)........................................................................................ 558
Troubleshooting OSPFv2........................................................................................................................................569
Conguration Task List for OSPFv3 (OSPF for IPv6)...............................................................................................573
Enabling IPv6 Unicast Routing............................................................................................................................... 574
Assigning IPv6 Addresses on an Interface............................................................................................................574
Assigning Area ID on an Interface.......................................................................................................................... 574
Assigning OSPFv3 Process ID and Router ID Globally........................................................................................575
Conguring Stub Areas...........................................................................................................................................575
Conguring Passive-Interface................................................................................................................................575
Redistributing Routes..............................................................................................................................................576
Conguring a Default Route...................................................................................................................................576
Enabling OSPFv3 Graceful Restart........................................................................................................................577
Displaying Graceful Restart.....................................................................................................................................577
OSPFv3 Authentication Using IPsec.....................................................................................................................579
39 Policy-based Routing (PBR).................................................................................................................... 587
Overview.........................................................................................................................................................................587
Implementing Policy-based Routing with Dell Networking OS................................................................................ 589
Conguration Task List for Policy-based Routing......................................................................................................589
PBR Exceptions (Permit)........................................................................................................................................ 591
Apply a Redirect-list to an Interface using a Redirect-group................................................................................... 593
Show Redirect List Conguration..........................................................................................................................594
Sample Conguration....................................................................................................................................................595
Create the Redirect-List GOLDAssign Redirect-List GOLD to Interface 2/11View Redirect-List GOLD..... 595
40 PIM Sparse-Mode (PIM-SM).................................................................................................................. 599
Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 599
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................599
Requesting Multicast Trac.................................................................................................................................. 600
Refuse Multicast Trac..........................................................................................................................................600
Send Multicast Trac.............................................................................................................................................600
Conguring PIM-SM......................................................................................................................................................601
Related Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................601
Enable PIM-SM.............................................................................................................................................................. 601
Conguring S,G Expiry Timers..................................................................................................................................... 602
Conguring a Static Rendezvous Point...................................................................................................................... 603
Overriding Bootstrap Router Updates.................................................................................................................. 603
Conguring a Designated Router................................................................................................................................ 604
Creating Multicast Boundaries and Domains............................................................................................................. 604
20
Contents
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