Dell PowerSwitch S4820T User guide

Dell Conguration Guide for the S4820T System

9.9(0.0)

Notes, cautions, and warnings

NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your computer.

CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the

problem.

WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.

™

and the Dell logo are trademarks of Dell Inc. in the United States and/or other jurisdictions. All other marks and names mentioned herein may be

trademarks of their respective companies.

2015 - 09

Rev. A00

Contents

1 About this Guide............................................................................................................ 33

Audience.......................................................................................................................................................................... 33

Conventions..................................................................................................................................................................... 33

Related Documents.......................................................................................................................................................... 33

2 Conguration Fundamentals..........................................................................................34

Accessing the Command Line.......................................................................................................................................... 34

CLI Modes........................................................................................................................................................................34

Navigating CLI Modes................................................................................................................................................ 36

The do Command.............................................................................................................................................................38

Undoing Commands.........................................................................................................................................................39

Obtaining Help..................................................................................................................................................................39

Entering and Editing Commands...................................................................................................................................... 40

Command History............................................................................................................................................................. 41

Filtering show Command Outputs.....................................................................................................................................41

Multiple Users in Conguration Mode...............................................................................................................................42

3 Getting Started............................................................................................................. 43

Console Access................................................................................................................................................................ 43

Serial Console.............................................................................................................................................................43

Accessing the CLI Interface and Running Scripts Using SSH........................................................................................... 44

Entering CLI commands Using an SSH Connection....................................................................................................44

Executing Local CLI Scripts Using an SSH Connection.............................................................................................. 44

Default Conguration....................................................................................................................................................... 45

Conguring a Host Name.................................................................................................................................................45

Accessing the System Remotely...................................................................................................................................... 45

Accessing the System Remotely................................................................................................................................ 45

Congure the Management Port IP Address.............................................................................................................. 46

Congure a Management Route.................................................................................................................................46

Conguring a Username and Password...................................................................................................................... 46

Conguring the Enable Password.....................................................................................................................................46

Conguration File Management........................................................................................................................................47

Copy Files to and from the System.............................................................................................................................47

Mounting an NFS File System.................................................................................................................................... 48

Save the Running-Conguration................................................................................................................................ 49

Congure the Overload Bit for a Startup Scenario.....................................................................................................50

Viewing Files.............................................................................................................................................................. 50

Managing the File System.................................................................................................................................................51

Enabling Software Features on Devices Using a Command Option...................................................................................51

View Command History....................................................................................................................................................52

Upgrading Dell Networking OS.........................................................................................................................................52

Using HTTP for File Transfers.......................................................................................................................................... 52

3

Using Hashes to Verify Software Images Before Installation.............................................................................................53

4 Management.................................................................................................................55

Conguring Privilege Levels............................................................................................................................................. 55

Creating a Custom Privilege Level..............................................................................................................................55

Removing a Command from EXEC Mode.................................................................................................................. 55

Moving a Command from EXEC Privilege Mode to EXEC Mode................................................................................55

Allowing Access to CONFIGURATION Mode Commands...........................................................................................55

Allowing Access to Dierent Modes...........................................................................................................................56

Applying a Privilege Level to a Username....................................................................................................................57

Applying a Privilege Level to a Terminal Line...............................................................................................................58

Conguring Logging......................................................................................................................................................... 58

Audit and Security Logs............................................................................................................................................. 58

Conguring Logging Format .....................................................................................................................................60

Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration......................................................................................... 60

Setting Up a Secure Connection to a Syslog Server................................................................................................... 61

Log Messages in the Internal Buer................................................................................................................................. 62

Conguration Task List for System Log Management................................................................................................ 62

Disabling System Logging.................................................................................................................................................62

Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server................................................................................................................. 62

Conguring a UNIX System as a Syslog Server..........................................................................................................62

Track Login Activity.......................................................................................................................................................... 63

Restrictions for Tracking Login Activity...................................................................................................................... 63

Conguring Login Activity Tracking............................................................................................................................ 63

Display Login Statistics...............................................................................................................................................64

Limit Concurrent Login Sessions...................................................................................................................................... 64

Restrictions for Limiting the Number of Concurrent Sessions....................................................................................65

Conguring Concurrent Session Limit........................................................................................................................ 65

Enabling the System to Clear Existing Sessions......................................................................................................... 65

Changing System Logging Settings..................................................................................................................................66

Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration............................................................................................... 67

Conguring a UNIX Logging Facility Level........................................................................................................................ 67

Synchronizing Log Messages........................................................................................................................................... 68

Enabling Timestamp on Syslog Messages........................................................................................................................ 69

File Transfer Services....................................................................................................................................................... 69

Conguration Task List for File Transfer Services....................................................................................................... 69

Enabling the FTP Server.............................................................................................................................................70

Conguring FTP Server Parameters...........................................................................................................................70

Conguring FTP Client Parameters............................................................................................................................ 70

Terminal Lines....................................................................................................................................................................71

Denying and Permitting Access to a Terminal Line.......................................................................................................71

Conguring Login Authentication for Terminal Lines................................................................................................... 72

Setting Timeout for EXEC Privilege Mode........................................................................................................................73

Using Telnet to get to Another Network Device............................................................................................................... 73

Lock CONFIGURATION Mode..........................................................................................................................................74

Viewing the Conguration Lock Status.......................................................................................................................74

4

Recovering from a Forgotten Password........................................................................................................................... 75

Recovering from a Forgotten Enable Password.......................................................................................................... 76

Recovering from a Failed Start......................................................................................................................................... 76

Restoring the Factory Default Settings.............................................................................................................................77

Important Points to Remember...................................................................................................................................77

Restoring Factory Default Environment Variables....................................................................................................... 77

5 802.1ag..........................................................................................................................79

Ethernet CFM.................................................................................................................................................................. 79

Maintenance Domains......................................................................................................................................................80

Maintenance Points..........................................................................................................................................................80

Maintenance End Points................................................................................................................................................... 81

Implementation Information...............................................................................................................................................81

Conguring the CFM........................................................................................................................................................82

Related Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................... 82

Enable Ethernet CFM.......................................................................................................................................................82

Creating a Maintenance Domain.......................................................................................................................................82

Creating a Maintenance Association.................................................................................................................................83

Create Maintenance Points.............................................................................................................................................. 83

Creating a Maintenance End Point............................................................................................................................. 83

Creating a Maintenance Intermediate Point................................................................................................................84

Displaying the MP Databases..................................................................................................................................... 84

Continuity Check Messages.............................................................................................................................................85

Enabling CCM............................................................................................................................................................ 86

Enabling Cross-Checking........................................................................................................................................... 86

Sending Loopback Messages and Responses...................................................................................................................86

Sending Linktrace Messages and Responses................................................................................................................... 86

Caching Link Trace..................................................................................................................................................... 87

Enabling CFM SNMP Traps..............................................................................................................................................88

Displaying Ethernet CFM Statistics.................................................................................................................................. 89

6 802.1X............................................................................................................................91

Port-Authentication Process............................................................................................................................................ 92

EAP over RADIUS...................................................................................................................................................... 93

Conguring 802.1X........................................................................................................................................................... 94

Related Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................... 94

Important Points to Remember........................................................................................................................................ 94

Enabling 802.1X................................................................................................................................................................ 95

Conguring Request Identity Re-Transmissions................................................................................................................96

Conguring a Quiet Period after a Failed Authentication.............................................................................................97

Forcibly Authorizing or Unauthorizing a Port.................................................................................................................... 98

Re-Authenticating a Port..................................................................................................................................................98

Conguring Timeouts.......................................................................................................................................................99

Conguring Dynamic VLAN Assignment with Port Authentication................................................................................. 100

Guest and Authentication-Fail VLANs............................................................................................................................. 101

Conguring a Guest VLAN........................................................................................................................................102

5

Conguring an Authentication-Fail VLAN..................................................................................................................102

7 Access Control List (ACL) VLAN Groups and Content Addressable Memory (CAM).... 104

Optimizing CAM Utilization During the Attachment of ACLs to VLANs.......................................................................... 104

Guidelines for Conguring ACL VLAN Groups................................................................................................................ 105

Conguring ACL VLAN Groups and Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters..........................................................105

Conguring ACL VLAN Groups.................................................................................................................................105

Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters............................................................................................................106

Viewing CAM Usage....................................................................................................................................................... 107

Allocating FP Blocks for VLAN Processes.......................................................................................................................108

8 Access Control Lists (ACLs)........................................................................................ 109

IP Access Control Lists (ACLs)........................................................................................................................................ 110

CAM Usage............................................................................................................................................................... 110

Implementing ACLs on Dell Networking OS................................................................................................................111

IP Fragment Handling...................................................................................................................................................... 112

IP Fragments ACL Examples......................................................................................................................................112

Layer 4 ACL Rules Examples......................................................................................................................................113

Congure a Standard IP ACL........................................................................................................................................... 114

Conguring a Standard IP ACL Filter......................................................................................................................... 115

Congure an Extended IP ACL........................................................................................................................................ 115

Conguring Filters with a Sequence Number.............................................................................................................116

Conguring Filters Without a Sequence Number....................................................................................................... 117

Congure Layer 2 and Layer 3 ACLs................................................................................................................................117

Assign an IP ACL to an Interface..................................................................................................................................... 118

Applying an IP ACL.......................................................................................................................................................... 118

Counting ACL Hits.....................................................................................................................................................119

Congure Ingress ACLs................................................................................................................................................... 119

Congure Egress ACLs................................................................................................................................................... 120

Applying Egress Layer 3 ACLs (Control-Plane).......................................................................................................... 121

IP Prex Lists...................................................................................................................................................................121

Implementation Information...................................................................................................................................... 122

Conguration Task List for Prex Lists......................................................................................................................122

ACL Resequencing..........................................................................................................................................................125

Resequencing an ACL or Prex List.......................................................................................................................... 126

Route Maps.....................................................................................................................................................................127

Implementation Information.......................................................................................................................................127

Important Points to Remember....................................................................................................................................... 127

Conguration Task List for Route Maps.................................................................................................................... 127

Conguring Match Routes........................................................................................................................................129

Conguring Set Conditions........................................................................................................................................131

Congure a Route Map for Route Redistribution...................................................................................................... 132

Congure a Route Map for Route Tagging................................................................................................................132

Continue Clause........................................................................................................................................................132

Logging of ACL Processes.............................................................................................................................................. 133

Guidelines for Conguring ACL Logging....................................................................................................................134

6

Conguring ACL Logging.......................................................................................................................................... 134

Flow-Based Monitoring Support for ACLs...................................................................................................................... 135

Behavior of Flow-Based Monitoring..........................................................................................................................135

Enabling Flow-Based Monitoring...............................................................................................................................136

9 Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD)....................................................................138

How BFD Works............................................................................................................................................................. 138

BFD Packet Format.................................................................................................................................................. 139

BFD Sessions............................................................................................................................................................140

BFD Three-Way Handshake.......................................................................................................................................141

Session State Changes............................................................................................................................................. 143

Important Points to Remember.......................................................................................................................................143

Congure BFD................................................................................................................................................................ 143

Congure BFD for Physical Ports..............................................................................................................................144

Congure BFD for Static Routes...............................................................................................................................147

Congure BFD for OSPF.......................................................................................................................................... 148

Congure BFD for OSPFv3...................................................................................................................................... 150

Congure BFD for IS-IS............................................................................................................................................ 152

Congure BFD for BGP............................................................................................................................................ 154

Congure BFD for VRRP.......................................................................................................................................... 160

Conguring Protocol Liveness...................................................................................................................................163

Troubleshooting BFD.................................................................................................................................................163

10 Border Gateway Protocol IPv4 (BGPv4).................................................................... 165

Autonomous Systems (AS).............................................................................................................................................165

Sessions and Peers......................................................................................................................................................... 167

Establish a Session....................................................................................................................................................167

Route Reectors.............................................................................................................................................................168

BGP Attributes............................................................................................................................................................... 169

Best Path Selection Criteria......................................................................................................................................169

Weight....................................................................................................................................................................... 171

Local Preference........................................................................................................................................................171

Multi-Exit Discriminators (MEDs)..............................................................................................................................172

Origin........................................................................................................................................................................ 173

AS Path.....................................................................................................................................................................173

Next Hop...................................................................................................................................................................174

Multiprotocol BGP...........................................................................................................................................................174

Implement BGP with Dell Networking OS....................................................................................................................... 175

Additional Path (Add-Path) Support......................................................................................................................... 175

Advertise IGP Cost as MED for Redistributed Routes...............................................................................................175

Ignore Router-ID in Best-Path Calculation.................................................................................................................176

Four-Byte AS Numbers.............................................................................................................................................176

AS4 Number Representation.....................................................................................................................................176

AS Number Migration................................................................................................................................................178

BGP4 Management Information Base (MIB).............................................................................................................179

Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................................179

7

Conguration Information............................................................................................................................................... 180

BGP Conguration..........................................................................................................................................................180

Enabling BGP.............................................................................................................................................................181

Conguring AS4 Number Representations................................................................................................................184

Conguring Peer Groups.......................................................................................................................................... 185

Conguring BGP Fast Fall-Over................................................................................................................................188

Conguring Passive Peering..................................................................................................................................... 190

Maintaining Existing AS Numbers During an AS Migration........................................................................................ 190

Allowing an AS Number to Appear in its Own AS Path.............................................................................................. 191

Enabling Graceful Restart......................................................................................................................................... 192

Enabling Neighbor Graceful Restart..........................................................................................................................193

Filtering on an AS-Path Attribute.............................................................................................................................. 193

Regular Expressions as Filters................................................................................................................................... 194

Redistributing Routes............................................................................................................................................... 196

Enabling Additional Paths..........................................................................................................................................196

Conguring IP Community Lists................................................................................................................................ 197

Conguring an IP Extended Community List.............................................................................................................198

Filtering Routes with Community Lists......................................................................................................................199

Manipulating the COMMUNITY Attribute................................................................................................................. 199

Changing MED Attributes......................................................................................................................................... 201

Changing the LOCAL_PREFERENCE Attribute........................................................................................................201

Changing the NEXT_HOP Attribute.........................................................................................................................202

Changing the WEIGHT Attribute..............................................................................................................................202

Enabling Multipath................................................................................................................................................... 202

Filtering BGP Routes................................................................................................................................................203

Filtering BGP Routes Using Route Maps..................................................................................................................204

Filtering BGP Routes Using AS-PATH Information................................................................................................... 205

Conguring BGP Route Reectors...........................................................................................................................205

Aggregating Routes................................................................................................................................................. 206

Conguring BGP Confederations............................................................................................................................. 206

Enabling Route Flap Dampening............................................................................................................................... 207

Changing BGP Timers..............................................................................................................................................209

Enabling BGP Neighbor Soft-Reconguration..........................................................................................................209

Route Map Continue.................................................................................................................................................210

Enabling MBGP Congurations........................................................................................................................................211

BGP Regular Expression Optimization.............................................................................................................................212

Debugging BGP.............................................................................................................................................................. 212

Storing Last and Bad PDUs.......................................................................................................................................213

Capturing PDUs........................................................................................................................................................214

PDU Counters...........................................................................................................................................................215

Sample Congurations....................................................................................................................................................215

11 Content Addressable Memory (CAM)......................................................................... 221

CAM Allocation............................................................................................................................................................... 221

Test CAM Usage............................................................................................................................................................ 223

View CAM Proles......................................................................................................................................................... 223

8

View CAM-ACL Settings................................................................................................................................................224

View CAM Usage........................................................................................................................................................... 226

CAM Optimization..........................................................................................................................................................226

Troubleshoot CAM Proling............................................................................................................................................226

CAM Prole Mismatches..........................................................................................................................................226

QoS CAM Region Limitation.....................................................................................................................................226

12 Control Plane Policing (CoPP)................................................................................... 228

Congure Control Plane Policing.................................................................................................................................... 229

Conguring CoPP for Protocols............................................................................................................................... 230

Conguring CoPP for CPU Queues.......................................................................................................................... 231

CoPP for OSPFv3 Packets.......................................................................................................................................232

Conguring CoPP for OSPFv3.................................................................................................................................235

Displaying CoPP Conguration ................................................................................................................................236

13 Data Center Bridging (DCB)...................................................................................... 238

Ethernet Enhancements in Data Center Bridging...........................................................................................................238

Priority-Based Flow Control..................................................................................................................................... 239

Enhanced Transmission Selection.............................................................................................................................240

Data Center Bridging Exchange Protocol (DCBx)..................................................................................................... 241

Data Center Bridging in a Trac Flow....................................................................................................................... 241

Enabling Data Center Bridging........................................................................................................................................ 241

DCB Maps and its Attributes....................................................................................................................................242

Data Center Bridging: Default Conguration...................................................................................................................243

Conguring Priority-Based Flow Control........................................................................................................................ 243

Conguring Lossless Queues....................................................................................................................................244

Conguring PFC in a DCB Map......................................................................................................................................245

PFC Conguration Notes......................................................................................................................................... 245

PFC Prerequisites and Restrictions.......................................................................................................................... 246

Applying a DCB Map on a Port.......................................................................................................................................247

Conguring PFC without a DCB Map.............................................................................................................................247

Conguring Lossless QueuesExample:......................................................................................................................248

Priority-Based Flow Control Using Dynamic Buer Method........................................................................................... 249

Pause and Resume of Trac....................................................................................................................................249

Buer Sizes for Lossless or PFC Packets.................................................................................................................249

Behavior of Tagged Packets...........................................................................................................................................250

Conguration Example for DSCP and PFC Priorities......................................................................................................250

Using PFC to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac......................................................................................................... 251

Congure Enhanced Transmission Selection................................................................................................................... 251

ETS Prerequisites and Restrictions........................................................................................................................... 251

Creating an ETS Priority Group................................................................................................................................ 252

ETS Operation with DCBx........................................................................................................................................253

Conguring Bandwidth Allocation for DCBx CIN...................................................................................................... 253

Conguring ETS in a DCB Map................................................................................................................................ 254

Hierarchical Scheduling in ETS Output Policies.............................................................................................................. 255

Using ETS to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac.........................................................................................................256

9

Applying DCB Policies in a Switch Stack........................................................................................................................ 256

Congure a DCBx Operation..........................................................................................................................................256

DCBx Operation.......................................................................................................................................................256

DCBx Port Roles...................................................................................................................................................... 257

DCB Conguration Exchange...................................................................................................................................258

Conguration Source Election..................................................................................................................................258

Propagation of DCB Information.............................................................................................................................. 259

Auto-Detection and Manual Conguration of the DCBx Version.............................................................................. 259

DCBx Example......................................................................................................................................................... 259

DCBx Prerequisites and Restrictions........................................................................................................................260

Conguring DCBx.................................................................................................................................................... 260

Verifying the DCB Conguration.................................................................................................................................... 264

Sample DCB Conguration.............................................................................................................................................273

PFC and ETS Conguration Command Examples.................................................................................................... 275

QoS dot1p Trac Classication and Queue Assignment.................................................................................................275

Conguring the Dynamic Buer Method........................................................................................................................276

14 Dynamic Host Conguration Protocol (DHCP)...........................................................278

DHCP Packet Format and Options.................................................................................................................................278

Assign an IP Address using DHCP..................................................................................................................................280

Implementation Information............................................................................................................................................280

Congure the System to be a DHCP Server................................................................................................................... 281

Conguring the Server for Automatic Address Allocation..........................................................................................281

Specifying a Default Gateway...................................................................................................................................283

Congure a Method of Hostname Resolution...........................................................................................................283

Using DNS for Address Resolution........................................................................................................................... 283

Using NetBIOS WINS for Address Resolution.......................................................................................................... 283

Creating Manual Binding Entries...............................................................................................................................283

Debugging the DHCP Server................................................................................................................................... 284

Using DHCP Clear Commands................................................................................................................................. 284

Congure the System to be a Relay Agent.....................................................................................................................284

Congure the System to be a DHCP Client....................................................................................................................286

DHCP Client Operation with Other Features............................................................................................................286

DHCP Client on a Management Interface.................................................................................................................287

Congure the System for User Port Stacking (Option 230)........................................................................................... 287

Congure Secure DHCP.................................................................................................................................................288

Option 82.................................................................................................................................................................288

DHCP Snooping....................................................................................................................................................... 288

Conguring the DHCP secondary-subnet.................................................................................................................291

Drop DHCP Packets on Snooped VLANs Only.........................................................................................................292

Dynamic ARP Inspection.......................................................................................................................................... 292

Conguring Dynamic ARP Inspection.......................................................................................................................293

Source Address Validation..............................................................................................................................................294

Enabling IP Source Address Validation......................................................................................................................294

DHCP MAC Source Address Validation....................................................................................................................295

Enabling IP+MAC Source Address Validation........................................................................................................... 295

10

Viewing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets.........................................................................................................296

Clearing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets........................................................................................................ 296

15 Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP)..................................................................................297

ECMP for Flow-Based Anity........................................................................................................................................297

Conguring the Hash Algorithm............................................................................................................................... 297

Enabling Deterministic ECMP Next Hop...................................................................................................................297

Conguring the Hash Algorithm Seed...................................................................................................................... 297

Link Bundle Monitoring...................................................................................................................................................298

Managing ECMP Group Paths................................................................................................................................. 299

Creating an ECMP Group Bundle.............................................................................................................................299

Modifying the ECMP Group Threshold.................................................................................................................... 299

RTAG7........................................................................................................................................................................... 300

Flow-based Hashing for ECMP.......................................................................................................................................301

16 FCoE Transit..............................................................................................................304

Fibre Channel over Ethernet.......................................................................................................................................... 304

Ensure Robustness in a Converged Ethernet Network...................................................................................................304

FIP Snooping on Ethernet Bridges................................................................................................................................. 305

FIP Snooping in a Switch Stack......................................................................................................................................307

Using FIP Snooping........................................................................................................................................................ 307

FIP Snooping Prerequisites.......................................................................................................................................307

Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................308

Enabling the FCoE Transit Feature...........................................................................................................................308

Enable FIP Snooping on VLANs............................................................................................................................... 309

Congure the FC-MAP Value...................................................................................................................................309

Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-Bridge Link............................................................................................................309

Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-FCF Link............................................................................................................... 309

Impact on Other Software Features.........................................................................................................................309

FIP Snooping Restrictions.........................................................................................................................................310

Conguring FIP Snooping......................................................................................................................................... 310

Displaying FIP Snooping Information................................................................................................................................311

FCoE Transit Conguration Example...............................................................................................................................316

17 FIPS Cryptography..................................................................................................... 318

Conguration Tasks.........................................................................................................................................................318

Preparing the System..................................................................................................................................................... 318

Enabling FIPS Mode........................................................................................................................................................318

Generating Host-Keys.....................................................................................................................................................319

Monitoring FIPS Mode Status.........................................................................................................................................319

Disabling FIPS Mode...................................................................................................................................................... 322

18 Force10 Resilient Ring Protocol (FRRP).....................................................................323

Protocol Overview..........................................................................................................................................................323

Ring Status.............................................................................................................................................................. 323

Multiple FRRP Rings................................................................................................................................................ 324

11

Important FRRP Points............................................................................................................................................ 325

Important FRRP Concepts.......................................................................................................................................326

Implementing FRRP........................................................................................................................................................327

FRRP Conguration........................................................................................................................................................327

Creating the FRRP Group.........................................................................................................................................327

Conguring the Control VLAN..................................................................................................................................327

Conguring and Adding the Member VLANs........................................................................................................... 329

Setting the FRRP Timers......................................................................................................................................... 330

Clearing the FRRP Counters....................................................................................................................................330

Viewing the FRRP Conguration..............................................................................................................................330

Viewing the FRRP Information................................................................................................................................. 330

Troubleshooting FRRP.................................................................................................................................................... 331

Conguration Checks................................................................................................................................................331

Sample Conguration and Topology................................................................................................................................ 331

19 GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP)............................................................... 333

Important Points to Remember...................................................................................................................................... 333

Congure GVRP.............................................................................................................................................................334

Related Conguration Tasks..................................................................................................................................... 334

Enabling GVRP Globally..................................................................................................................................................334

Enabling GVRP on a Layer 2 Interface............................................................................................................................335

Congure GVRP Registration.........................................................................................................................................335

Congure a GARP Timer................................................................................................................................................336

RPM Redundancy.......................................................................................................................................................... 336

20 High Availability (HA)................................................................................................ 337

Component Redundancy................................................................................................................................................337

RPM Redundancy.................................................................................................................................................... 337

Automatic and Manual Stack Unit Failover...............................................................................................................339

Support for RPM Redundancy by Dell Networking OS Version................................................................................ 339

Synchronization between Management and Standby Units..................................................................................... 340

Conguring RPM Redundancy.................................................................................................................................340

Online Insertion and Removal..........................................................................................................................................341

RPM Online Insertion and Removal...........................................................................................................................341

Linecard Online Insertion and Removal.....................................................................................................................342

Hitless Behavior............................................................................................................................................................. 343

Graceful Restart.............................................................................................................................................................343

Software Resiliency........................................................................................................................................................343

Software Component Health Monitoring..................................................................................................................343

System Health Monitoring........................................................................................................................................344

Failure and Event Logging........................................................................................................................................ 344

Hot-Lock Behavior......................................................................................................................................................... 344

Process Restartability.................................................................................................................................................... 345

Enabling Process Restartability................................................................................................................................ 345

21 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP)...........................................................346

12

IGMP Implementation Information..................................................................................................................................346

IGMP Protocol Overview............................................................................................................................................... 346

IGMP Version 2........................................................................................................................................................ 346

IGMP Version 3........................................................................................................................................................ 347

Congure IGMP............................................................................................................................................................. 350

Related Conguration Tasks.....................................................................................................................................350

Viewing IGMP Enabled Interfaces................................................................................................................................... 351

Selecting an IGMP Version..............................................................................................................................................351

Viewing IGMP Groups.....................................................................................................................................................351

Adjusting Timers.............................................................................................................................................................352

Adjusting Query and Response Timers.....................................................................................................................352

Enabling IGMP Immediate-Leave................................................................................................................................... 353

IGMP Snooping..............................................................................................................................................................353

IGMP Snooping Implementation Information............................................................................................................353

Conguring IGMP Snooping.....................................................................................................................................353

Removing a Group-Port Association........................................................................................................................ 354

Disabling Multicast Flooding.....................................................................................................................................354

Specifying a Port as Connected to a Multicast Router.............................................................................................354

Conguring the Switch as Querier........................................................................................................................... 355

Fast Convergence after MSTP Topology Changes.........................................................................................................355

Egress Interface Selection (EIS) for HTTP and IGMP Applications................................................................................ 355

Protocol Separation..................................................................................................................................................356

Enabling and Disabling Management Egress Interface Selection.............................................................................. 357

Handling of Management Route Conguration........................................................................................................ 358

Handling of Switch-Initiated Trac.......................................................................................................................... 358

Handling of Switch-Destined Trac.........................................................................................................................359

Handling of Transit Trac (Trac Separation)......................................................................................................... 359

Mapping of Management Applications and Trac Type........................................................................................... 359

Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Initiated Trac .................................................................................... 361

Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Destined Trac ...................................................................................361

Interworking of EIS With Various Applications..........................................................................................................362

Designating a Multicast Router Interface....................................................................................................................... 363

22 Interfaces..................................................................................................................364

Basic Interface Conguration......................................................................................................................................... 364

Advanced Interface Conguration..................................................................................................................................364

Interface Types.............................................................................................................................................................. 365

View Basic Interface Information....................................................................................................................................365

Resetting an Interface to its Factory Default State.........................................................................................................367

Enabling a Physical Interface.......................................................................................................................................... 367

Physical Interfaces......................................................................................................................................................... 368

Conguration Task List for Physical Interfaces......................................................................................................... 368

Overview of Layer Modes........................................................................................................................................ 368

Conguring Layer 2 (Data Link) Mode..................................................................................................................... 369

Conguring Layer 2 (Interface) Mode...................................................................................................................... 369

Conguring Layer 3 (Network) Mode...................................................................................................................... 369

13

Conguring Layer 3 (Interface) Mode...................................................................................................................... 370

Egress Interface Selection (EIS).....................................................................................................................................370

Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................................371

Conguring EIS......................................................................................................................................................... 371

Management Interfaces.................................................................................................................................................. 371

Conguring Management Interfaces.........................................................................................................................371

Conguring a Management Interface on an Ethernet Port....................................................................................... 373

VLAN Interfaces.............................................................................................................................................................373

Loopback Interfaces....................................................................................................................................................... 374

Null Interfaces................................................................................................................................................................ 375

Port Channel Interfaces..................................................................................................................................................375

Port Channel Denition and Standards.....................................................................................................................375

Port Channel Benets.............................................................................................................................................. 375

Port Channel Implementation................................................................................................................................... 375

Interfaces in Port Channels...................................................................................................................................... 376

Conguration Tasks for Port Channel Interfaces.......................................................................................................376

Creating a Port Channel........................................................................................................................................... 376

Adding a Physical Interface to a Port Channel.......................................................................................................... 377

Reassigning an Interface to a New Port Channel......................................................................................................378

Conguring the Minimum Oper Up Links in a Port Channel......................................................................................379

Adding or Removing a Port Channel from a VLAN................................................................................................... 379

Assigning an IP Address to a Port Channel...............................................................................................................380

Deleting or Disabling a Port Channel......................................................................................................................... 381

Load Balancing Through Port Channels.................................................................................................................... 381

Changing the Hash Algorithm................................................................................................................................... 381

Bulk Conguration..........................................................................................................................................................382

Interface Range........................................................................................................................................................382

Bulk Conguration Examples....................................................................................................................................383

Dening Interface Range Macros................................................................................................................................... 384

Dene the Interface Range...................................................................................................................................... 384

Choosing an Interface-Range Macro........................................................................................................................384

Monitoring and Maintaining Interfaces........................................................................................................................... 384

Maintenance Using TDR.......................................................................................................................................... 385

Splitting QSFP Ports to SFP+ Ports...............................................................................................................................386

Converting a QSFP or QSFP+ Port to an SFP or SFP+ Port..........................................................................................387

Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................ 387

Example Scenarios................................................................................................................................................... 387

Link Dampening.............................................................................................................................................................. 391

Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................................391

Enabling Link Dampening......................................................................................................................................... 392

Link Bundle Monitoring...................................................................................................................................................393

Using Ethernet Pause Frames for Flow Control..............................................................................................................393

Enabling Pause Frames............................................................................................................................................ 394

Congure the MTU Size on an Interface........................................................................................................................395

Port-Pipes......................................................................................................................................................................395

14

Auto-Negotiation on Ethernet Interfaces....................................................................................................................... 395

Setting the Speed and Duplex Mode of Ethernet Interfaces.................................................................................... 396

Set Auto-Negotiation Options.................................................................................................................................. 397

View Advanced Interface Information............................................................................................................................ 398

Conguring the Interface Sampling Size.................................................................................................................. 399

Dynamic Counters..........................................................................................................................................................400

Clearing Interface Counters..................................................................................................................................... 400

Compressing Conguration Files.....................................................................................................................................401

23 Internet Protocol Security (IPSec)............................................................................404

Conguring IPSec ......................................................................................................................................................... 404

24 IPv4 Routing............................................................................................................. 406

IP Addresses.................................................................................................................................................................. 406

Implementation Information..................................................................................................................................... 406

Conguration Tasks for IP Addresses............................................................................................................................. 406

Assigning IP Addresses to an Interface...........................................................................................................................407

Conguring Static Routes.............................................................................................................................................. 407

Congure Static Routes for the Management Interface.................................................................................................408

IPv4 Path MTU Discovery Overview..............................................................................................................................409

Using the Congured Source IP Address in ICMP Messages......................................................................................... 409

Conguring the ICMP Source Interface................................................................................................................... 409

Conguring the Duration to Establish a TCP Connection................................................................................................410

Enabling Directed Broadcast........................................................................................................................................... 410

Resolution of Host Names.............................................................................................................................................. 410

Enabling Dynamic Resolution of Host Names.................................................................................................................. 411

Specifying the Local System Domain and a List of Domains............................................................................................ 411

Conguring DNS with Traceroute................................................................................................................................... 412

ARP................................................................................................................................................................................ 412

Conguration Tasks for ARP........................................................................................................................................... 413

Conguring Static ARP Entries....................................................................................................................................... 413

Enabling Proxy ARP........................................................................................................................................................ 413

Clearing ARP Cache........................................................................................................................................................414

ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................................... 414

Enabling ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP..................................................................................................................... 414

ARP Learning via ARP Request.......................................................................................................................................414

Conguring ARP Retries................................................................................................................................................. 415

ICMP.............................................................................................................................................................................. 416

Conguration Tasks for ICMP......................................................................................................................................... 416

Enabling ICMP Unreachable Messages...........................................................................................................................416

UDP Helper.....................................................................................................................................................................416

Congure UDP Helper.............................................................................................................................................. 416

Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................................416

Enabling UDP Helper.......................................................................................................................................................417

Conguring a Broadcast Address.................................................................................................................................... 417

Congurations Using UDP Helper................................................................................................................................... 418

15

UDP Helper with Broadcast-All Addresses......................................................................................................................418

UDP Helper with Subnet Broadcast Addresses...............................................................................................................419

UDP Helper with Congured Broadcast Addresses.........................................................................................................419

UDP Helper with No Congured Broadcast Addresses.................................................................................................. 420

Troubleshooting UDP Helper.......................................................................................................................................... 420

25 IPv6 Routing..............................................................................................................421

Protocol Overview.......................................................................................................................................................... 421

Extended Address Space.......................................................................................................................................... 421

Stateless Autoconguration...................................................................................................................................... 421

IPv6 Headers........................................................................................................................................................... 422

IPv6 Header Fields................................................................................................................................................... 422

Extension Header Fields........................................................................................................................................... 424

Addressing............................................................................................................................................................... 425

Implementing IPv6 with Dell Networking OS..................................................................................................................426

ICMPv6..........................................................................................................................................................................427

Path MTU Discovery......................................................................................................................................................428

IPv6 Neighbor Discovery................................................................................................................................................428

IPv6 Neighbor Discovery of MTU Packets............................................................................................................... 429

Conguration Task List for IPv6 RDNSS........................................................................................................................ 429

Conguring the IPv6 Recursive DNS Server............................................................................................................429

Debugging IPv6 RDNSS Information Sent to the Host ............................................................................................430

Displaying IPv6 RDNSS Information......................................................................................................................... 430

Secure Shell (SSH) Over an IPv6 Transport....................................................................................................................431

Conguration Tasks for IPv6........................................................................................................................................... 431

Adjusting Your CAM-Prole.......................................................................................................................................431

Assigning an IPv6 Address to an Interface................................................................................................................432

Assigning a Static IPv6 Route.................................................................................................................................. 433

Conguring Telnet with IPv6.................................................................................................................................... 433

SNMP over IPv6...................................................................................................................................................... 433

Displaying IPv6 Information...................................................................................................................................... 434

Displaying an IPv6 Interface Information.................................................................................................................. 434

Showing IPv6 Routes...............................................................................................................................................435

Showing the Running-Conguration for an Interface............................................................................................... 436

Clearing IPv6 Routes................................................................................................................................................436

Conguring IPv6 RA Guard............................................................................................................................................ 437

Conguring IPv6 RA Guard on an Interface..............................................................................................................438

Monitoring IPv6 RA Guard....................................................................................................................................... 439

26 iSCSI Optimization.................................................................................................... 440

iSCSI Optimization Overview......................................................................................................................................... 440

Monitoring iSCSI Trac Flows.................................................................................................................................. 441

Application of Quality of Service to iSCSI Trac Flows.............................................................................................441

Information Monitored in iSCSI Trac Flows............................................................................................................442

Detection and Auto-Conguration for Dell EqualLogic Arrays...................................................................................442

Conguring Detection and Ports for Dell Compellent Arrays.................................................................................... 443

16

Synchronizing iSCSI Sessions Learned on VLT-Lags with VLT-Peer..........................................................................443

Enable and Disable iSCSI Optimization..................................................................................................................... 444

Default iSCSI Optimization Values.................................................................................................................................. 444

iSCSI Optimization Prerequisites.................................................................................................................................... 445

Conguring iSCSI Optimization...................................................................................................................................... 445

Displaying iSCSI Optimization Information...................................................................................................................... 447

27 Intermediate System to Intermediate System............................................................ 449

IS-IS Protocol Overview.................................................................................................................................................449

IS-IS Addressing.............................................................................................................................................................449

Multi-Topology IS-IS.......................................................................................................................................................450

Transition Mode....................................................................................................................................................... 450

Interface Support.....................................................................................................................................................450

Adjacencies..............................................................................................................................................................450

Graceful Restart............................................................................................................................................................. 451

Timers.......................................................................................................................................................................451

Implementation Information............................................................................................................................................ 451

Conguration Information...............................................................................................................................................452

Conguration Tasks for IS-IS....................................................................................................................................452

Conguring the Distance of a Route........................................................................................................................ 460

Changing the IS-Type...............................................................................................................................................460

Redistributing IPv4 Routes.......................................................................................................................................463

Redistributing IPv6 Routes.......................................................................................................................................463

Conguring Authentication Passwords.....................................................................................................................464

Setting the Overload Bit.......................................................................................................................................... 465

Debugging IS-IS....................................................................................................................................................... 465

IS-IS Metric Styles......................................................................................................................................................... 466

Congure Metric Values.................................................................................................................................................466

Maximum Values in the Routing Table...................................................................................................................... 467

Change the IS-IS Metric Style in One Level Only......................................................................................................467

Leaks from One Level to Another.............................................................................................................................468

Sample Congurations................................................................................................................................................... 469

28 Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP)................................................................ 472

Introduction to Dynamic LAGs and LACP.......................................................................................................................472

Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................ 472

LACP Modes............................................................................................................................................................473

Conguring LACP Commands..................................................................................................................................473

LACP Conguration Tasks.............................................................................................................................................. 474

Creating a LAG.........................................................................................................................................................474

Conguring the LAG Interfaces as Dynamic............................................................................................................. 474

Setting the LACP Long Timeout.............................................................................................................................. 475

Monitoring and Debugging LACP............................................................................................................................. 475

Shared LAG State Tracking............................................................................................................................................ 476

Conguring Shared LAG State Tracking................................................................................................................... 476

Important Points about Shared LAG State Tracking..................................................................................................477

17

LACP Basic Conguration Example................................................................................................................................478

Congure a LAG on ALPHA......................................................................................................................................478

29 Layer 2...................................................................................................................... 486

Manage the MAC Address Table.................................................................................................................................... 486

Clearing the MAC Address Table.............................................................................................................................. 486

Setting the Aging Time for Dynamic Entries.............................................................................................................486

Conguring a Static MAC Address...........................................................................................................................486

Displaying the MAC Address Table............................................................................................................................487

MAC Learning Limit........................................................................................................................................................487

Setting the MAC Learning Limit............................................................................................................................... 488

mac learning-limit Dynamic...................................................................................................................................... 488

mac learning-limit mac-address-sticky..................................................................................................................... 488

mac learning-limit station-move............................................................................................................................... 488

mac learning-limit no-station-move..........................................................................................................................489

Learning Limit Violation Actions................................................................................................................................489

Setting Station Move Violation Actions.................................................................................................................... 489

Recovering from Learning Limit and Station Move Violations...................................................................................490

NIC Teaming.................................................................................................................................................................. 490

Congure Redundant Pairs............................................................................................................................................. 491

Important Points about Conguring Redundant Pairs...............................................................................................493

Far-End Failure Detection...............................................................................................................................................494

FEFD State Changes................................................................................................................................................495

Conguring FEFD.....................................................................................................................................................495

Enabling FEFD on an Interface.................................................................................................................................496

Debugging FEFD...................................................................................................................................................... 497

30 Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP).......................................................................499

802.1AB (LLDP) Overview............................................................................................................................................. 499

Protocol Data Units..................................................................................................................................................499

Optional TLVs................................................................................................................................................................ 500

Management TLVs...................................................................................................................................................500

TIA-1057 (LLDP-MED) Overview................................................................................................................................... 502

TIA Organizationally Specic TLVs........................................................................................................................... 502

Congure LLDP............................................................................................................................................................. 506

Related Conguration Tasks.....................................................................................................................................506

Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................506

LLDP Compatibility.................................................................................................................................................. 506

CONFIGURATION versus INTERFACE Congurations...................................................................................................506

Enabling LLDP................................................................................................................................................................507

Disabling and Undoing LLDP.................................................................................................................................... 507

Advertising TLVs............................................................................................................................................................ 507

Viewing the LLDP Conguration.................................................................................................................................... 508

Viewing Information Advertised by Adjacent LLDP Agents............................................................................................ 509

Conguring LLDPDU Intervals........................................................................................................................................ 510

Conguring Transmit and Receive Mode.........................................................................................................................510

18

Conguring the Time to Live Value.................................................................................................................................. 511

Debugging LLDP.............................................................................................................................................................512

Relevant Management Objects.......................................................................................................................................513

31 Microsoft Network Load Balancing.............................................................................518

NLB Unicast Mode Scenario...........................................................................................................................................518

NLB Multicast Mode Scenario........................................................................................................................................ 518

Limitations of the NLB Feature....................................................................................................................................... 519

Microsoft Clustering....................................................................................................................................................... 519

Enable and Disable VLAN Flooding ................................................................................................................................ 519

Conguring a Switch for NLB ....................................................................................................................................... 520

Enabling a Switch for Multicast NLB........................................................................................................................520

32 Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP)........................................................... 521

Protocol Overview.......................................................................................................................................................... 521

Anycast RP.................................................................................................................................................................... 522

Implementation Information............................................................................................................................................522

Congure Multicast Source Discovery Protocol............................................................................................................. 522

Related Conguration Tasks..................................................................................................................................... 523

Enable MSDP................................................................................................................................................................. 527

Manage the Source-Active Cache................................................................................................................................. 528

Viewing the Source-Active Cache............................................................................................................................528

Limiting the Source-Active Cache............................................................................................................................528

Clearing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................... 529

Enabling the Rejected Source-Active Cache............................................................................................................529

Accept Source-Active Messages that Fail the RFP Check.............................................................................................529

Specifying Source-Active Messages.............................................................................................................................. 533

Limiting the Source-Active Messages from a Peer.........................................................................................................534

Preventing MSDP from Caching a Local Source............................................................................................................ 534

Preventing MSDP from Caching a Remote Source........................................................................................................ 535

Preventing MSDP from Advertising a Local Source....................................................................................................... 535

Logging Changes in Peership States.............................................................................................................................. 536

Terminating a Peership...................................................................................................................................................536

Clearing Peer Statistics.................................................................................................................................................. 537

Debugging MSDP...........................................................................................................................................................537

MSDP with Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................. 538

Conguring Anycast RP.................................................................................................................................................539

Reducing Source-Active Message Flooding............................................................................................................. 540

Specifying the RP Address Used in SA Messages....................................................................................................540

MSDP Sample Congurations........................................................................................................................................543

33 Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP)..................................................................546

Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 546

Spanning Tree Variations................................................................................................................................................ 547

Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................547

Congure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol.....................................................................................................................547

19

Related Conguration Tasks..................................................................................................................................... 547

Enable Multiple Spanning Tree Globally.......................................................................................................................... 548

Adding and Removing Interfaces....................................................................................................................................548

Creating Multiple Spanning Tree Instances.....................................................................................................................548

Inuencing MSTP Root Selection...................................................................................................................................549

Interoperate with Non-Dell Bridges................................................................................................................................550

Changing the Region Name or Revision.........................................................................................................................550

Modifying Global Parameters.......................................................................................................................................... 551

Modifying the Interface Parameters...............................................................................................................................552

Conguring an EdgePort................................................................................................................................................553

Flush MAC Addresses after a Topology Change.............................................................................................................553

MSTP Sample Congurations........................................................................................................................................ 554

Router 1 Running-CongurationRouter 2 Running-CongurationRouter 3 Running-CongurationSFTOS

Example Running-Conguration...............................................................................................................................554

Debugging and Verifying MSTP Congurations..............................................................................................................557

34 Multicast Features.................................................................................................... 559

Enabling IP Multicast..................................................................................................................................................... 559

Implementation Information........................................................................................................................................... 559

Multicast Policies...........................................................................................................................................................560

IPv4 Multicast Policies.............................................................................................................................................560

35 Object Tracking......................................................................................................... 567

Object Tracking Overview.............................................................................................................................................. 567

Track Layer 2 Interfaces...........................................................................................................................................568

Track Layer 3 Interfaces...........................................................................................................................................568

Track IPv4 and IPv6 Routes.....................................................................................................................................568

Set Tracking Delays..................................................................................................................................................569

VRRP Object Tracking..............................................................................................................................................570

Object Tracking Conguration........................................................................................................................................ 570

Tracking a Layer 2 Interface..................................................................................................................................... 570

Tracking a Layer 3 Interface...................................................................................................................................... 571

Track an IPv4/IPv6 Route........................................................................................................................................ 572

Displaying Tracked Objects.............................................................................................................................................576

36 Open Shortest Path First (OSPFv2 and OSPFv3)..................................................... 578

Protocol Overview..........................................................................................................................................................578

Autonomous System (AS) Areas.............................................................................................................................. 578

Area Types................................................................................................................................................................579

Networks and Neighbors......................................................................................................................................... 580

Router Types............................................................................................................................................................580

Designated and Backup Designated Routers............................................................................................................582

Link-State Advertisements (LSAs)........................................................................................................................... 582

Router Priority and Cost.......................................................................................................................................... 583

OSPF with Dell Networking OS......................................................................................................................................584

Graceful Restart...................................................................................................................................................... 585

20

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