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Force10 MXL Blade

Dell Force10 MXL Blade User manual

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Dell Networking Conguration Guide for the MXL
10/40GbE Switch I/O Module
9.10(0.0)
Notes, cautions, and warnings
NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your computer.
CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the
problem.
WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.
© 2016 Dell Inc. All rights reserved. This product is protected by U.S. and international copyright and intellectual property laws. Dell and the Dell
logo are trademarks of Dell Inc. in the United States and/or other jurisdictions. All other marks and names mentioned herein may be trademarks of
their respective companies.
2016 - 04
Rev. A00
Contents
1 About this Guide.............................................................................................................31
Audience........................................................................................................................................................................... 31
Conventions......................................................................................................................................................................31
Information Symbols..........................................................................................................................................................31
Related Documents.......................................................................................................................................................... 32
2 Conguration Fundamentals..........................................................................................33
Accessing the Command Line.......................................................................................................................................... 33
CLI Modes........................................................................................................................................................................33
Navigating CLI Modes................................................................................................................................................ 34
The do Command.............................................................................................................................................................37
Undoing Commands......................................................................................................................................................... 37
Obtaining Help..................................................................................................................................................................38
Entering and Editing Commands...................................................................................................................................... 38
Command History............................................................................................................................................................ 39
Filtering show Command Outputs.................................................................................................................................... 39
Multiple Users in Conguration Mode...............................................................................................................................40
3 Getting Started............................................................................................................. 42
Console Access................................................................................................................................................................ 43
Serial Console.............................................................................................................................................................43
External Serial Port with a USB Connector................................................................................................................ 45
Accessing the CLI Interface and Running Scripts Using SSH........................................................................................... 45
Entering CLI commands Using an SSH Connection....................................................................................................45
Executing Local CLI Scripts Using an SSH Connection.............................................................................................. 45
Boot Process....................................................................................................................................................................46
Default Conguration........................................................................................................................................................47
Conguring a Host Name................................................................................................................................................. 47
Conguring a Unique Host Name on the System............................................................................................................. 48
Accessing the System Remotely...................................................................................................................................... 48
Accessing the Switch Remotely................................................................................................................................. 48
Congure the Management Port IP Address..............................................................................................................48
Congure a Management Route.................................................................................................................................49
Conguring a Username and Password...................................................................................................................... 49
Conguring the Enable Password.....................................................................................................................................49
Conguration File Management....................................................................................................................................... 50
Copy Files to and from the System............................................................................................................................ 50
Save the Running-Conguration................................................................................................................................. 51
Viewing Files.............................................................................................................................................................. 52
Managing the File System................................................................................................................................................ 53
View the Command History..............................................................................................................................................54
Using HTTP for File Transfers.......................................................................................................................................... 54
3
Upgrading and Downgrading the Dell Networking OS......................................................................................................55
Verify Software Images Before Installation....................................................................................................................... 55
4 Management................................................................................................................. 57
Conguring Privilege Levels..............................................................................................................................................57
Creating a Custom Privilege Level.............................................................................................................................. 57
Customizing a Privilege Level..................................................................................................................................... 58
Applying a Privilege Level to a Username................................................................................................................... 59
Applying a Privilege Level to a Terminal Line...............................................................................................................59
Conguring Logging......................................................................................................................................................... 60
Audit and Security Logs............................................................................................................................................. 60
Conguring Logging Format .....................................................................................................................................62
Setting Up a Secure Connection to a Syslog Server...................................................................................................62
Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration............................................................................................... 63
Log Messages in the Internal Buer................................................................................................................................. 64
Conguration Task List for System Log Management................................................................................................ 64
Disabling System Logging.................................................................................................................................................64
Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server................................................................................................................. 64
Conguring a UNIX System as a Syslog Server..........................................................................................................64
Changing System Logging Settings..................................................................................................................................65
Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration............................................................................................... 65
Conguring a UNIX Logging Facility Level........................................................................................................................ 66
Synchronizing Log Messages............................................................................................................................................67
Enabling Timestamp on Syslog Messages........................................................................................................................ 68
Enabling Secure Management Mode................................................................................................................................68
File Transfer Services....................................................................................................................................................... 68
Conguration Task List for File Transfer Services....................................................................................................... 69
Enabling the FTP Server............................................................................................................................................ 69
Conguring FTP Server Parameters...........................................................................................................................69
Conguring FTP Client Parameters............................................................................................................................ 69
Terminal Lines...................................................................................................................................................................70
Denying and Permitting Access to a Terminal Line......................................................................................................70
Conguring Login Authentication for Terminal Lines....................................................................................................71
Setting Time Out of EXEC Privilege Mode....................................................................................................................... 72
Using Telnet to get to Another Network Device............................................................................................................... 72
Lock CONFIGURATION Mode..........................................................................................................................................73
Viewing the Conguration Lock Status.......................................................................................................................73
Limit Concurrent Login Sessions.......................................................................................................................................74
Restrictions for Limiting the Number of Concurrent Sessions.....................................................................................74
Conguring Concurrent Session Limit.........................................................................................................................74
Enabling the System to Clear Existing Sessions..........................................................................................................74
Track Login Activity.......................................................................................................................................................... 75
Restrictions for Tracking Login Activity.......................................................................................................................75
Conguring Login Activity Tracking............................................................................................................................ 75
Display Login Statistics............................................................................................................................................... 76
Recovering from a Forgotten Password............................................................................................................................77
4
Recovering from a Forgotten Enable Password................................................................................................................ 78
Recovering from a Failed Start......................................................................................................................................... 79
5 802.1X........................................................................................................................... 80
The Port-Authentication Process......................................................................................................................................81
EAP over RADIUS...................................................................................................................................................... 82
Conguring 802.1X........................................................................................................................................................... 83
Related Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................... 83
Important Points to Remember........................................................................................................................................ 83
Enabling 802.1X................................................................................................................................................................ 84
Conguring Request Identity Re-Transmissions..........................................................................................................85
Conguring a Quiet Period after a Failed Authentication............................................................................................ 86
Conguring dot1x Prole ..................................................................................................................................................87
Conguring MAC addresses for a do1x Prole.................................................................................................................. 87
Conguring the Static MAB and MAB Prole .................................................................................................................. 87
Conguring Critical VLAN ............................................................................................................................................... 88
Forcibly Authorizing or Unauthorizing a Port....................................................................................................................89
Re-Authenticating a Port................................................................................................................................................. 90
Conguring Timeouts........................................................................................................................................................91
Conguring Dynamic VLAN Assignment with Port Authentication................................................................................... 92
Guest and Authentication-Fail VLANs........................................................................................................................ 93
Conguring a Guest VLAN......................................................................................................................................... 93
Conguring an Authentication-Fail VLAN................................................................................................................... 93
6 Access Control List (ACL) VLAN Groups and Content Addressable Memory (CAM)..... 95
Optimizing CAM Utilization During the Attachment of ACLs to VLANs............................................................................95
Guidelines for Conguring ACL VLAN groups...................................................................................................................96
Conguring ACL VLAN Groups and Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters........................................................... 96
Conguring ACL VLAN Groups.................................................................................................................................. 96
Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters..............................................................................................................97
Viewing CAM Usage.........................................................................................................................................................98
Allocating FP Blocks for VLAN Processes........................................................................................................................ 99
7 Access Control Lists (ACLs)......................................................................................... 101
IP Access Control Lists (ACLs)........................................................................................................................................ 101
Implementing ACL on the Dell Networking OS................................................................................................................102
ACLs and VLANs............................................................................................................................................................ 102
ACL Optimization............................................................................................................................................................102
Determine the Order in which ACLs are Used to Classify Trac.....................................................................................102
Example of the order Keyword to Determine ACL Sequence.................................................................................... 102
IP Fragment Handling..................................................................................................................................................... 103
IP Fragments ACL Examples...........................................................................................................................................103
Layer 4 ACL Rules Examples...........................................................................................................................................103
Congure a Standard IP ACL.......................................................................................................................................... 104
Conguring a Standard IP ACL Filter.............................................................................................................................. 105
Congure an Extended IP ACL....................................................................................................................................... 106
5
Conguring Filters with a Sequence Number..................................................................................................................106
Conguring Filters Without a Sequence Number............................................................................................................ 107
Established Flag.............................................................................................................................................................. 107
Congure Layer 2 and Layer 3 ACLs............................................................................................................................... 107
Assign an IP ACL to an Interface.....................................................................................................................................108
Applying an IP ACL......................................................................................................................................................... 108
Counting ACL Hits.......................................................................................................................................................... 109
Congure Ingress ACLs.................................................................................................................................................. 109
Congure Egress ACLs....................................................................................................................................................110
Applying Egress Layer 3 ACLs (Control-Plane)................................................................................................................ 110
IP Prex Lists................................................................................................................................................................... 111
Implementation Information........................................................................................................................................111
Conguration Task List for Prex Lists..............................................................................................................................111
Creating a Prex List....................................................................................................................................................... 112
Creating a Prex List Without a Sequence Number.........................................................................................................112
Viewing Prex Lists..........................................................................................................................................................113
Applying a Prex List for Route Redistribution.................................................................................................................114
Applying a Filter to a Prex List (OSPF)...........................................................................................................................114
ACL Resequencing.......................................................................................................................................................... 115
Resequencing an ACL or Prex List.................................................................................................................................115
Route Maps..................................................................................................................................................................... 117
Implementation Information....................................................................................................................................... 117
Important Points to Remember........................................................................................................................................117
Conguration Task List for Route Maps........................................................................................................................... 117
Creating a Route Map......................................................................................................................................................117
Congure Route Map Filters............................................................................................................................................119
Conguring Match Routes...............................................................................................................................................119
Conguring Set Conditions.............................................................................................................................................120
Congure a Route Map for Route Redistribution............................................................................................................. 121
Congure a Route Map for Route Tagging.......................................................................................................................121
Continue Clause..............................................................................................................................................................122
Logging of ACL Processes.............................................................................................................................................. 122
Guidelines for Conguring ACL Logging..........................................................................................................................123
Conguring ACL Logging................................................................................................................................................ 123
Flow-Based Monitoring Support for ACLs.......................................................................................................................124
Behavior of Flow-Based Monitoring.......................................................................................................................... 124
Enabling Flow-Based Monitoring.....................................................................................................................................126
8 Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD).................................................................... 127
How BFD Works..............................................................................................................................................................127
BFD Packet Format.................................................................................................................................................. 128
BFD Sessions............................................................................................................................................................129
BFD Three-Way Handshake...................................................................................................................................... 130
Session State Changes............................................................................................................................................. 132
Important Points to Remember.......................................................................................................................................132
Congure BFD................................................................................................................................................................ 132
6
Congure BFD for Physical Ports..............................................................................................................................133
Enabling BFD Globally............................................................................................................................................... 133
Establishing a Session on Physical Ports................................................................................................................... 134
Changing Physical Port Session Parameters.............................................................................................................135
Disabling and Re-Enabling BFD.................................................................................................................................136
Congure BFD for Static Routes.....................................................................................................................................136
Related Conguration Tasks......................................................................................................................................136
Establishing Sessions for Static Routes.....................................................................................................................137
Changing Static Route Session Parameters.............................................................................................................. 137
Disabling BFD for Static Routes................................................................................................................................ 138
Congure BFD for OSPF................................................................................................................................................ 138
Related Conguration Tasks......................................................................................................................................138
Establishing Sessions with OSPF Neighbors.............................................................................................................139
Changing OSPF Session Parameters........................................................................................................................ 140
Disabling BFD for OSPF............................................................................................................................................140
Congure BFD for OSPFv3.............................................................................................................................................140
Related Conguration Tasks.......................................................................................................................................141
Establishing Sessions with OSPFv3 Neighbors.......................................................................................................... 141
Changing OSPFv3 Session Parameters..................................................................................................................... 141
Disabling BFD for OSPFv3.........................................................................................................................................141
Congure BFD for BGP...................................................................................................................................................142
Prerequisites............................................................................................................................................................. 142
Establishing Sessions with BGP Neighbors............................................................................................................... 142
Disabling BFD for BGP..............................................................................................................................................144
Use BFD in a BGP Peer Group..................................................................................................................................144
Displaying BFD for BGP Information......................................................................................................................... 145
Congure BFD for VRRP................................................................................................................................................ 148
Related Conguration Tasks......................................................................................................................................149
Establishing Sessions with All VRRP Neighbors........................................................................................................ 149
Establishing VRRP Sessions on VRRP Neighbors..................................................................................................... 149
Changing VRRP Session Parameters........................................................................................................................150
Disabling BFD for VRRP.............................................................................................................................................151
Congure BFD for VLANs................................................................................................................................................151
Related Conguration Task........................................................................................................................................ 151
Establish Sessions with VLAN Neighbors..................................................................................................................152
Changing VLAN Session Parameters........................................................................................................................ 152
Disabling BFD for VLANs.......................................................................................................................................... 153
Congure BFD for Port-Channels................................................................................................................................... 153
Related Conguration Tasks......................................................................................................................................153
Establish Sessions on Port-Channels........................................................................................................................ 153
Changing Physical Port Session Parameters.............................................................................................................154
Disabling BFD for Port-Channels...............................................................................................................................154
Conguring Protocol Liveness.........................................................................................................................................154
Troubleshooting BFD...................................................................................................................................................... 155
9 Border Gateway Protocol IPv4 (BGPv4)......................................................................156
7
Autonomous Systems (AS).............................................................................................................................................156
Sessions and Peers......................................................................................................................................................... 158
Establish a Session....................................................................................................................................................158
Route Reectors.............................................................................................................................................................159
Communities.............................................................................................................................................................160
BGP Attributes............................................................................................................................................................... 160
Best Path Selection Criteria......................................................................................................................................160
Weight...................................................................................................................................................................... 162
Local Preference.......................................................................................................................................................162
Multi-Exit Discriminators (MEDs)..............................................................................................................................163
Origin........................................................................................................................................................................164
AS Path.................................................................................................................................................................... 164
Next Hop..................................................................................................................................................................165
Multiprotocol BGP.......................................................................................................................................................... 165
Implement BGP with the Dell Networking OS.................................................................................................................165
Additional Path (Add-Path) Support......................................................................................................................... 165
Advertise IGP Cost as MED for Redistributed Routes...............................................................................................166
Ignore Router-ID for Some Best-Path Calculations................................................................................................... 166
Four-Byte AS Numbers.............................................................................................................................................166
AS4 Number Representation.....................................................................................................................................167
AS Number Migration............................................................................................................................................... 168
BGP4 Management Information Base (MIB).............................................................................................................170
Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................................170
Conguration Information................................................................................................................................................ 171
BGP Conguration...........................................................................................................................................................171
Enabling BGP............................................................................................................................................................ 172
Enabling MBGP Congurations................................................................................................................................200
BGP Regular Expression Optimization............................................................................................................................ 201
Debugging BGP.............................................................................................................................................................. 201
Storing Last and Bad PDUs......................................................................................................................................202
PDU Counters..........................................................................................................................................................203
Sample Congurations................................................................................................................................................... 203
10 Content Addressable Memory (CAM).........................................................................212
CAM Allocation............................................................................................................................................................... 212
Test CAM Usage.............................................................................................................................................................213
View CAM-ACL Settings.................................................................................................................................................213
CAM Optimization...........................................................................................................................................................214
11 Control Plane Policing (CoPP).................................................................................... 215
Congure Control Plane Policing.....................................................................................................................................216
Conguring CoPP for Protocols................................................................................................................................ 217
Conguring CoPP for CPU Queues.......................................................................................................................... 218
Show Commands......................................................................................................................................................219
12 Data Center Bridging (DCB)....................................................................................... 221
8
Ethernet Enhancements in Data Center Bridging............................................................................................................221
Priority-Based Flow Control..................................................................................................................................... 222
Enhanced Transmission Selection.............................................................................................................................222
Data Center Bridging Exchange Protocol (DCBx).....................................................................................................224
Data Center Bridging in a Trac Flow...................................................................................................................... 224
Enabling Data Center Bridging........................................................................................................................................224
Conguring DCB Maps and its Attributes.................................................................................................................225
Data Center Bridging: Default Conguration.................................................................................................................. 228
Interworking of DCB Map With DCB Buer Threshold Settings.....................................................................................228
Conguring Priority-Based Flow Control........................................................................................................................ 229
Conguring Lossless Queues....................................................................................................................................230
Conguring the PFC Buer in a Switch Stack.......................................................................................................... 231
Priority-Based Flow Control Using Dynamic Buer Method..................................................................................... 232
Congure Enhanced Transmission Selection.................................................................................................................. 233
ETS Prerequisites and Restrictions...........................................................................................................................233
Creating an ETS Priority Group................................................................................................................................ 233
ETS Operation with DCBx........................................................................................................................................234
Conguring Bandwidth Allocation for DCBx CIN......................................................................................................235
Hierarchical Scheduling in ETS Output Policies........................................................................................................ 236
Applying DCB Policies with an ETS Conguration.......................................................................................................... 236
PFC and ETS Conguration Examples........................................................................................................................... 236
Using PFC and ETS to Manage Data Center Trac................................................................................................. 237
Using PFC and ETS to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac in a Switch Stack........................................................ 238
Applying DCB Policies in a Switch Stack........................................................................................................................ 239
Congure a DCBx Operation.......................................................................................................................................... 239
DCBx Operation....................................................................................................................................................... 239
DCBx Port Roles...................................................................................................................................................... 239
DCB Conguration Exchange....................................................................................................................................241
Conguration Source Election...................................................................................................................................241
Propagation of DCB Information.............................................................................................................................. 242
Auto-Detection and Manual Conguration of the DCBx Version...............................................................................242
DCBx Example......................................................................................................................................................... 242
DCBx Prerequisites and Restrictions........................................................................................................................ 243
Conguring DCBx.....................................................................................................................................................243
Verifying the DCB Conguration.....................................................................................................................................247
QoS dot1p Trac Classication and Queue Assignment.................................................................................................255
Conguring the Dynamic Buer Method........................................................................................................................256
13 Debugging and Diagnostics........................................................................................258
Oine Diagnostics......................................................................................................................................................... 258
Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................258
Running Oine Diagnostics..................................................................................................................................... 258
Trace Logs...................................................................................................................................................................... 261
Auto Save on Crash or Rollover................................................................................................................................ 261
Using the Show Hardware Commands............................................................................................................................261
Enabling Environmental Monitoring................................................................................................................................ 262
9
Recognize an Over-Temperature Condition.............................................................................................................. 264
Troubleshoot an Over-Temperature Condition.......................................................................................................... 264
Recognize an Under-Voltage Condition....................................................................................................................265
Troubleshoot an Under-Voltage Condition................................................................................................................265
Troubleshooting Packet Loss..........................................................................................................................................265
Displaying Drop Counters......................................................................................................................................... 266
Dataplane Statistics..................................................................................................................................................267
Display Stack Port Statistics.................................................................................................................................... 268
Displaying Stack Member Counters..........................................................................................................................268
Enabling Application Core Dumps...................................................................................................................................270
Mini Core Dumps............................................................................................................................................................270
Enabling TCP Dumps...................................................................................................................................................... 271
Enabling Buer Statistics Tracking ................................................................................................................................. 271
14 Dynamic Host Conguration Protocol (DHCP)...........................................................273
DHCP Packet Format and Options.................................................................................................................................273
Assign an IP Address using DHCP............................................................................................................................ 275
Implementation Information............................................................................................................................................275
Congure the System to be a DHCP Server...................................................................................................................276
Conguring the Server for Automatic Address Allocation.........................................................................................276
Conguration Tasks.................................................................................................................................................. 277
Specifying a Default Gateway...................................................................................................................................278
Enabling the DHCP Server....................................................................................................................................... 278
Congure a Method of Hostname Resolution...........................................................................................................278
Creating Manual Binding Entries...............................................................................................................................279
Debugging the DHCP Server................................................................................................................................... 280
Using DHCP Clear Commands.................................................................................................................................280
Congure the System to be a Relay Agent.....................................................................................................................280
Congure the System to be a DHCP Client....................................................................................................................282
Conguring the DHCP Client System.......................................................................................................................282
DHCP Client on a Management Interface................................................................................................................ 285
DHCP Client Operation with Other Features............................................................................................................286
Congure Secure DHCP.................................................................................................................................................287
Option 82................................................................................................................................................................. 287
DHCP Snooping....................................................................................................................................................... 287
Conguring the DHCP secondary-subnet................................................................................................................ 290
Drop DHCP Packets on Snooped VLANs Only..........................................................................................................291
Dynamic ARP Inspection...........................................................................................................................................291
Conguring Dynamic ARP Inspection.......................................................................................................................292
Source Address Validation........................................................................................................................................ 293
15 Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP)................................................................................. 295
ECMP for Flow-Based Anity....................................................................................................................................... 295
Enabling Deterministic ECMP Next Hop.................................................................................................................. 295
Link Bundle Monitoring.................................................................................................................................................. 295
Managing ECMP Group Paths....................................................................................................................................... 296
10
RTAG7........................................................................................................................................................................... 296
Flow-based Hashing for ECMP...................................................................................................................................... 297
16 FC FLEXIO FPORT.................................................................................................... 300
FC FLEXIO FPORT........................................................................................................................................................ 300
Conguring Switch Mode to FCF Port Mode..................................................................................................................301
Name Server...................................................................................................................................................................301
FCoE Maps.................................................................................................................................................................... 302
Creating an FCoE Map...................................................................................................................................................302
Zoning............................................................................................................................................................................304
Creating Zone and Adding Members..............................................................................................................................304
Creating Zone Alias and Adding Members......................................................................................................................304
Creating Zonesets..........................................................................................................................................................305
Activating a Zoneset...................................................................................................................................................... 305
Displaying the Fabric Parameters................................................................................................................................... 305
17 FCoE Transit.............................................................................................................. 309
Fibre Channel over Ethernet.......................................................................................................................................... 309
Ensure Robustness in a Converged Ethernet Network.................................................................................................. 309
FIP Snooping on Ethernet Bridges..................................................................................................................................310
FIP Snooping in a Switch Stack...................................................................................................................................... 312
Using FIP Snooping.........................................................................................................................................................312
Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................................312
Enabling the FCoE Transit Feature............................................................................................................................312
Enable FIP Snooping on VLANs................................................................................................................................ 313
Congure the FC-MAP Value....................................................................................................................................313
Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-Bridge Link.............................................................................................................313
Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-FCF Link................................................................................................................ 313
Impact on Other Software Features..........................................................................................................................313
FIP Snooping Prerequisites....................................................................................................................................... 314
FIP Snooping Restrictions.........................................................................................................................................314
Conguring FIP Snooping......................................................................................................................................... 314
Displaying FIP Snooping Information...............................................................................................................................315
FCoE Transit Conguration Example..............................................................................................................................320
18 FIPS Cryptography.................................................................................................... 322
Preparing the System.....................................................................................................................................................322
Enabling FIPS Mode.......................................................................................................................................................322
Generating Host-Keys.................................................................................................................................................... 323
Monitoring FIPS Mode Status........................................................................................................................................ 323
Disabling FIPS Mode...................................................................................................................................................... 324
19 Force10 Resilient Ring Protocol (FRRP).................................................................... 325
Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 325
Ring Status.............................................................................................................................................................. 326
Multiple FRRP Rings.................................................................................................................................................327
11
Important FRRP Points............................................................................................................................................ 328
Important FRRP Concepts.......................................................................................................................................329
Implementing FRRP....................................................................................................................................................... 330
FRRP Conguration....................................................................................................................................................... 330
Creating the FRRP Group........................................................................................................................................ 330
Conguring the Control VLAN................................................................................................................................. 330
Conguring and Adding the Member VLANs............................................................................................................332
Setting the FRRP Timers......................................................................................................................................... 333
Clearing the FRRP Counters.................................................................................................................................... 333
Viewing the FRRP Conguration..............................................................................................................................333
Viewing the FRRP Information................................................................................................................................. 333
Troubleshooting FRRP....................................................................................................................................................334
Conguration Checks...............................................................................................................................................334
Sample Conguration and Topology............................................................................................................................... 334
20 GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP)...............................................................337
Important Points to Remember...................................................................................................................................... 337
Congure GVRP.............................................................................................................................................................337
Related Conguration Tasks..................................................................................................................................... 338
Enabling GVRP Globally..................................................................................................................................................338
Enabling GVRP on a Layer 2 Interface............................................................................................................................339
Congure GVRP Registration.........................................................................................................................................339
Congure a GARP Timer................................................................................................................................................340
21 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP)........................................................... 341
IGMP Protocol Overview................................................................................................................................................ 341
IGMP Version 2.........................................................................................................................................................341
IGMP Version 3........................................................................................................................................................ 342
IGMP Snooping..............................................................................................................................................................345
IGMP Snooping Implementation Information............................................................................................................345
Conguring IGMP Snooping.....................................................................................................................................346
Enabling IGMP Immediate-Leave............................................................................................................................. 346
Disabling Multicast Flooding..................................................................................................................................... 347
Specifying a Port as Connected to a Multicast Router............................................................................................. 347
Conguring the Switch as Querier............................................................................................................................347
Fast Convergence after MSTP Topology Changes.........................................................................................................347
Designating a Multicast Router Interface....................................................................................................................... 348
22 Interfaces..................................................................................................................349
Basic Interface Conguration......................................................................................................................................... 349
Advanced Interface Conguration..................................................................................................................................349
Interface Types...............................................................................................................................................................349
View Basic Interface Information....................................................................................................................................350
Conguring the Default Interface...................................................................................................................................352
Enabling a Physical Interface..........................................................................................................................................352
Physical Interfaces......................................................................................................................................................... 353
12
Conguration Task List for Physical Interfaces......................................................................................................... 353
Overview of Layer Modes........................................................................................................................................353
Conguring Layer 2 (Data Link) Mode..................................................................................................................... 354
Conguring Layer 2 (Interface) Mode...................................................................................................................... 354
Conguring Layer 3 (Network) Mode...................................................................................................................... 354
Conguring Layer 3 (Interface) Mode......................................................................................................................355
Management Interfaces.................................................................................................................................................356
Conguring Management Interfaces on the MXL Switch.........................................................................................356
VLAN Interfaces.............................................................................................................................................................357
Loopback Interfaces.......................................................................................................................................................358
Null Interfaces................................................................................................................................................................358
Port Channel Interfaces................................................................................................................................................. 359
Port Channel Denition and Standards.....................................................................................................................359
Port Channel Benets..............................................................................................................................................359
Port Channel Implementation...................................................................................................................................359
100/1000/10000 Mbps Interfaces in Port Channels.................................................................................................360
Conguration Tasks for Port Channel Interfaces......................................................................................................360
Creating a Port Channel...........................................................................................................................................360
Adding a Physical Interface to a Port Channel...........................................................................................................361
Reassigning an Interface to a New Port Channel..................................................................................................... 362
Conguring the Minimum Oper Up Links in a Port Channel......................................................................................363
Adding or Removing a Port Channel from a VLAN................................................................................................... 363
Assigning an IP Address to a Port Channel...............................................................................................................364
Deleting or Disabling a Port Channel........................................................................................................................ 364
Load Balancing through Port Channels.......................................................................................................................... 364
Changing the Hash Algorithm........................................................................................................................................ 365
Server Ports...................................................................................................................................................................366
Default Conguration without Start-up Cong.........................................................................................................366
Bulk Conguration..........................................................................................................................................................366
Interface Range....................................................................................................................................................... 366
Bulk Conguration Examples.................................................................................................................................... 367
Dening Interface Range Macros................................................................................................................................... 368
Dene the Interface Range...................................................................................................................................... 368
Choosing an Interface-Range Macro........................................................................................................................368
Monitoring and Maintaining Interfaces........................................................................................................................... 369
Maintenance Using TDR...........................................................................................................................................370
Splitting QSFP Ports to SFP+ Ports...............................................................................................................................370
Merging SFP+ Ports to QSFP 40G Ports..................................................................................................................371
Congure the MTU Size on an Interface...................................................................................................................371
Converting a QSFP or QSFP+ Port to an SFP or SFP+ Port..........................................................................................372
Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................ 372
Example Scenarios................................................................................................................................................... 372
Conguring wavelength for 10–Gigabit SFP+ optics...................................................................................................... 373
Layer 2 Flow Control Using Ethernet Pause Frames.......................................................................................................373
Enabling Pause Frames.............................................................................................................................................373
13
Congure MTU Size on an Interface...............................................................................................................................374
Port-Pipes......................................................................................................................................................................375
Auto-Negotiation on Ethernet Interfaces....................................................................................................................... 375
Setting the Speed and Duplex Mode of Ethernet Interfaces.................................................................................... 375
View Advanced Interface Information............................................................................................................................. 377
Conguring the Interface Sampling Size...................................................................................................................378
Dynamic Counters....................................................................................................................................................379
Enhanced Control of Remote Fault Indication Processing.............................................................................................. 380
23 Internet Protocol Security (IPSec).............................................................................381
Conguring IPSec .......................................................................................................................................................... 381
24 IPv4 Routing............................................................................................................. 383
IP Addresses.................................................................................................................................................................. 383
Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................383
Conguration Tasks for IP Addresses....................................................................................................................... 383
IPv4 Path MTU Discovery Overview..............................................................................................................................386
Using the Congured Source IP Address in ICMP Messages......................................................................................... 386
Conguring the ICMP Source Interface....................................................................................................................387
Conguring the Duration to Establish a TCP Connection................................................................................................387
Enabling Directed Broadcast...........................................................................................................................................387
Resolution of Host Names..............................................................................................................................................388
Enabling Dynamic Resolution of Host Names...........................................................................................................388
Specifying the Local System Domain and a List of Domains.....................................................................................388
Conguring DNS with Traceroute.............................................................................................................................389
ARP............................................................................................................................................................................... 389
Conguration Tasks for ARP.................................................................................................................................... 390
ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................................... 391
ARP Learning via ARP Request.......................................................................................................................................391
Conguring ARP Retries................................................................................................................................................ 392
ICMP..............................................................................................................................................................................393
Conguration Tasks for ICMP.................................................................................................................................. 393
UDP Helper....................................................................................................................................................................393
Congure UDP Helper..............................................................................................................................................393
Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................ 393
Enabling UDP Helper................................................................................................................................................394
Congurations Using UDP Helper.................................................................................................................................. 394
UDP Helper with Broadcast-All Addresses............................................................................................................... 394
UDP Helper with Subnet Broadcast Addresses........................................................................................................395
UDP Helper with Congured Broadcast Addresses..................................................................................................395
UDP Helper with No Congured Broadcast Addresses............................................................................................ 396
Troubleshooting UDP Helper..........................................................................................................................................396
25 IPv6 Addressing........................................................................................................ 397
Protocol Overview..........................................................................................................................................................397
Extended Address Space..........................................................................................................................................397
14
Stateless Autoconguration......................................................................................................................................397
IPv6 Header Fields.........................................................................................................................................................399
Version (4 bits).........................................................................................................................................................399
Trac Class (8 bits)................................................................................................................................................. 399
Flow Label (20 bits)................................................................................................................................................. 399
Payload Length (16 bits)...........................................................................................................................................399
Next Header (8 bits)................................................................................................................................................399
Hop Limit (8 bits).....................................................................................................................................................400
Source Address (128 bits)........................................................................................................................................ 400
Destination Address (128 bits)..................................................................................................................................400
Extension Header Fields.................................................................................................................................................400
Hop-by-Hop Options Header.................................................................................................................................... 401
Addressing...................................................................................................................................................................... 401
Link-local Addresses.................................................................................................................................................402
Static and Dynamic Addressing................................................................................................................................402
Implementing IPv6 with the Dell Networking OS............................................................................................................402
ICMPv6......................................................................................................................................................................... 406
Path MTU Discovery......................................................................................................................................................406
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery................................................................................................................................................406
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery of MTU Packets............................................................................................................... 407
Conguring the IPv6 Recursive DNS Server............................................................................................................ 407
Debugging IPv6 RDNSS Information Sent to the Host ............................................................................................408
Displaying IPv6 RDNSS Information.........................................................................................................................408
IPv6 Multicast................................................................................................................................................................408
Secure Shell (SSH) Over an IPv6 Transport...................................................................................................................409
Conguration Task List for IPv6..................................................................................................................................... 409
Adjusting Your CAM-Prole......................................................................................................................................409
Assigning an IPv6 Address to an Interface................................................................................................................ 410
Assigning a Static IPv6 Route...................................................................................................................................410
Conguring Telnet with IPv6......................................................................................................................................411
SNMP over IPv6........................................................................................................................................................411
Showing IPv6 Information..........................................................................................................................................411
Showing an IPv6 Interface........................................................................................................................................412
Showing IPv6 Routes................................................................................................................................................412
Showing the Running-Conguration for an Interface................................................................................................ 413
Clearing IPv6 Routes................................................................................................................................................ 413
26 iSCSI Optimization.....................................................................................................415
iSCSI Optimization Overview.......................................................................................................................................... 415
Monitoring iSCSI Trac Flows.................................................................................................................................. 416
Information Monitored in iSCSI Trac Flows.............................................................................................................416
Detection and Auto-Conguration for Dell EqualLogic Arrays....................................................................................417
Conguring Detection and Ports for Dell Compellent Arrays..................................................................................... 417
iSCSI Optimization: Operation...................................................................................................................................417
Default iSCSI Optimization Values.............................................................................................................................418
Displaying iSCSI Optimization Information.......................................................................................................................418
15
27 Intermediate System to Intermediate System............................................................ 420
IS-IS Protocol Overview.................................................................................................................................................420
IS-IS Addressing.............................................................................................................................................................420
Multi-Topology IS-IS........................................................................................................................................................ 421
Transition Mode........................................................................................................................................................ 421
Interface Support......................................................................................................................................................421
Adjacencies...............................................................................................................................................................421
Graceful Restart.............................................................................................................................................................422
Timers......................................................................................................................................................................422
Implementation Information............................................................................................................................................422
Conguration Information...............................................................................................................................................423
Conguration Tasks for IS-IS....................................................................................................................................423
IS-IS Metric Styles..........................................................................................................................................................437
Congure Metric Values................................................................................................................................................. 437
Maximum Values in the Routing Table...................................................................................................................... 438
Change the IS-IS Metric Style in One Level Only..................................................................................................... 438
Leaks from One Level to Another.............................................................................................................................439
Sample Congurations................................................................................................................................................... 440
28 Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP)................................................................445
Introduction to Dynamic LAGs and LACP.......................................................................................................................445
Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................445
LACP Modes............................................................................................................................................................446
Conguring LACP Commands..................................................................................................................................446
LACP Conguration Tasks.............................................................................................................................................. 447
Creating a LAG.........................................................................................................................................................447
Conguring the LAG Interfaces as Dynamic............................................................................................................. 447
Setting the LACP Long Timeout.............................................................................................................................. 448
Shared LAG State Tracking............................................................................................................................................ 449
Conguring Shared LAG State Tracking......................................................................................................................... 449
Important Points about Shared LAG State Tracking................................................................................................. 450
LACP Basic Conguration Example.................................................................................................................................451
Congure a LAG on ALPHA...................................................................................................................................... 451
29 Layer 2......................................................................................................................459
Manage the MAC Address Table....................................................................................................................................459
Clearing the MAC Address Table..............................................................................................................................459
Setting the Aging Time for Dynamic Entries.............................................................................................................459
Conguring a Static MAC Address...........................................................................................................................460
Displaying the MAC Address Table........................................................................................................................... 460
MAC Learning Limit........................................................................................................................................................460
Setting the MAC Learning Limit................................................................................................................................461
mac learning-limit Dynamic....................................................................................................................................... 461
mac learning-limit station-move................................................................................................................................461
Learning Limit Violation Actions................................................................................................................................ 461
16
Setting Station Move Violation Actions.....................................................................................................................461
Recovering from Learning Limit and Station Move Violations...................................................................................462
Disabling MAC Address Learning on the System...................................................................................................... 462
NIC Teaming...................................................................................................................................................................463
MAC Move Optimization..........................................................................................................................................464
30 Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP).......................................................................465
802.1AB (LLDP) Overview............................................................................................................................................. 465
Protocol Data Units..................................................................................................................................................465
Optional TLVs.................................................................................................................................................................466
Management TLVs...................................................................................................................................................466
TIA-1057 (LLDP-MED) Overview................................................................................................................................... 468
TIA Organizationally Specic TLVs........................................................................................................................... 468
Extended Power via MDI TLV................................................................................................................................... 471
Congure LLDP..............................................................................................................................................................472
Related Conguration Tasks..................................................................................................................................... 472
Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................ 472
LLDP Compatibility...................................................................................................................................................472
CONFIGURATION versus INTERFACE Congurations...................................................................................................472
Enabling LLDP................................................................................................................................................................473
Disabling and Undoing LLDP.....................................................................................................................................473
Advertising TLVs.............................................................................................................................................................474
Viewing the LLDP Conguration.................................................................................................................................... 475
Viewing Information Advertised by Adjacent LLDP Agents.............................................................................................475
Conguring LLDPDU Intervals........................................................................................................................................476
Conguring Transmit and Receive Mode........................................................................................................................ 477
Conguring a Time to Live..............................................................................................................................................478
Debugging LLDP............................................................................................................................................................ 479
Relevant Management Objects...................................................................................................................................... 479
31 Microsoft Network Load Balancing............................................................................ 484
NLB Unicast Mode Scenario.......................................................................................................................................... 484
NLB Multicast Mode Scenario....................................................................................................................................... 484
Limitations With Enabling NLB on Switches...................................................................................................................485
Benets and Working of Microsoft Clustering................................................................................................................485
Enable and Disable VLAN Flooding ................................................................................................................................485
Conguring a Switch for NLB ....................................................................................................................................... 485
Multicast NLB Mode................................................................................................................................................486
32 Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP)...........................................................487
Protocol Overview..........................................................................................................................................................487
Anycast RP.................................................................................................................................................................... 489
Implementation Information............................................................................................................................................489
Congure the Multicast Source Discovery Protocol.......................................................................................................489
Related Conguration Tasks.....................................................................................................................................490
Enabling MSDP.............................................................................................................................................................. 494
17
Manage the Source-Active Cache................................................................................................................................. 495
Viewing the Source-Active Cache............................................................................................................................495
Limiting the Source-Active Cache............................................................................................................................495
Clearing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................... 496
Enabling the Rejected Source-Active Cache............................................................................................................496
Accept Source-Active Messages that Fail the RFP Check.............................................................................................496
Specifying Source-Active Messages..............................................................................................................................500
Limiting the Source-Active Messages from a Peer......................................................................................................... 501
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Local Source.............................................................................................................501
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Remote Source........................................................................................................502
Preventing MSDP from Advertising a Local Source....................................................................................................... 502
Logging Changes in Peership States.............................................................................................................................. 503
Terminating a Peership...................................................................................................................................................503
Clearing Peer Statistics..................................................................................................................................................504
Debugging MSDP.......................................................................................................................................................... 504
MSDP with Anycast RP.................................................................................................................................................505
Conguring Anycast RP.................................................................................................................................................506
Reducing Source-Active Message Flooding............................................................................................................. 507
Specifying the RP Address Used in SA Messages....................................................................................................507
MSDP Sample Congurations........................................................................................................................................509
33 Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP)...................................................................512
Protocol Overview.......................................................................................................................................................... 512
Spanning Tree Variations.................................................................................................................................................513
Implementation Information............................................................................................................................................ 513
Congure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol..................................................................................................................... 513
Related Conguration Tasks......................................................................................................................................513
Enable Multiple Spanning Tree Globally........................................................................................................................... 514
Creating Multiple Spanning Tree Instances......................................................................................................................514
Inuencing MSTP Root Selection................................................................................................................................... 515
Interoperate with Non-Dell Networking OS Bridges........................................................................................................515
Changing the Region Name or Revision..........................................................................................................................516
Modifying Global Parameters.......................................................................................................................................... 516
Enable BPDU Filtering Globally........................................................................................................................................517
Modifying the Interface Parameters................................................................................................................................518
Conguring an EdgePort.................................................................................................................................................519
Flush MAC Addresses after a Topology Change.............................................................................................................520
MSTP Sample Congurations........................................................................................................................................ 520
Router 1 Running-CongurationRouter 2 Running-CongurationRouter 3 Running-CongurationSFTOS
Example Running-Conguration...............................................................................................................................520
Debugging and Verifying MSTP Congurations..............................................................................................................523
34 Multicast Features.................................................................................................... 525
Enabling IP Multicast......................................................................................................................................................525
Implementation Information............................................................................................................................................525
First Packet Forwarding for Lossless Multicast.............................................................................................................. 526
18
Multicast Policies........................................................................................................................................................... 526
IPv4 Multicast Policies................................................................................................................................................... 526
Limiting the Number of Multicast Routes.................................................................................................................526
Preventing a Host from Joining a Group...................................................................................................................527
Rate Limiting IGMP Join Requests...........................................................................................................................529
Preventing a PIM Router from Forming an Adjacency..............................................................................................530
Preventing a Source from Registering with the RP..................................................................................................530
Preventing a PIM Router from Processing a Join..................................................................................................... 532
35 Object Tracking.........................................................................................................534
Object Tracking Overview..............................................................................................................................................534
Track Layer 2 Interfaces...........................................................................................................................................535
Track Layer 3 Interfaces...........................................................................................................................................535
Track IPv4 and IPv6 Routes.....................................................................................................................................535
Set Tracking Delays..................................................................................................................................................535
VRRP Object Tracking............................................................................................................................................. 535
Object Tracking Conguration........................................................................................................................................536
Tracking a Layer 2 Interface..................................................................................................................................... 536
Tracking a Layer 3 Interface..................................................................................................................................... 537
Track an IPv4/IPv6 Route........................................................................................................................................538
Displaying Tracked Objects.............................................................................................................................................539
36 Open Shortest Path First (OSPFv2 and OSPFv3)......................................................541
Protocol Overview.......................................................................................................................................................... 541
Autonomous System (AS) Areas...............................................................................................................................541
Area Types............................................................................................................................................................... 542
Networks and Neighbors......................................................................................................................................... 543
Router Types............................................................................................................................................................543
Link-State Advertisements (LSAs)...........................................................................................................................545
Router Priority and Cost.......................................................................................................................................... 546
OSPF with the Dell Networking OS................................................................................................................................547
Graceful Restart.......................................................................................................................................................548
Fast Convergence (OSPFv2, IPv4 Only).................................................................................................................. 549
Processing SNMP and Sending SNMP Traps...........................................................................................................549
OSPF ACK Packing..................................................................................................................................................549
Setting OSPF Adjacency with Cisco Routers........................................................................................................... 549
Conguration Information.............................................................................................................................................. 550
Conguration Task List for OSPFv2 (OSPF for IPv4).............................................................................................. 550
Troubleshooting OSPFv2.......................................................................................................................................... 561
Conguration Task List for OSPFv3 (OSPF for IPv6).....................................................................................................564
Enabling IPv6 Unicast Routing................................................................................................................................. 564
Applying cost for OSPFv3........................................................................................................................................565
Assigning IPv6 Addresses on an Interface................................................................................................................565
Assigning Area ID on an Interface.............................................................................................................................565
Assigning OSPFv3 Process ID and Router ID Globally..............................................................................................566
Conguring Stub Areas............................................................................................................................................566
19
Conguring Passive-Interface..................................................................................................................................566
Redistributing Routes...............................................................................................................................................567
Conguring a Default Route.....................................................................................................................................567
Enabling OSPFv3 Graceful Restart...........................................................................................................................567
Displaying Graceful Restart......................................................................................................................................568
OSPFv3 Authentication Using IPsec........................................................................................................................ 570
37 Policy-based Routing (PBR)...................................................................................... 578
Overview........................................................................................................................................................................578
Implementing Policy-based Routing with Dell Networking OS........................................................................................ 579
Conguration Task List for Policy-based Routing........................................................................................................... 580
PBR Exceptions (Permit).........................................................................................................................................582
Sample Conguration.....................................................................................................................................................584
Create the Redirect-List GOLDAssign Redirect-List GOLD to Interface 2/11View Redirect-List GOLD....................585
38 PIM Sparse-Mode (PIM-SM)....................................................................................589
Implementation Information........................................................................................................................................... 589
Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 589
Requesting Multicast Trac.....................................................................................................................................589
Refuse Multicast Trac........................................................................................................................................... 590
Send Multicast Trac.............................................................................................................................................. 590
Conguring PIM-SM......................................................................................................................................................590
Related Conguration Tasks......................................................................................................................................591
Enable PIM-SM.............................................................................................................................................................. 591
Conguring S,G Expiry Timers........................................................................................................................................592
Conguring a Static Rendezvous Point.......................................................................................................................... 593
Overriding Bootstrap Router Updates......................................................................................................................593
Conguring a Designated Router................................................................................................................................... 594
Creating Multicast Boundaries and Domains.................................................................................................................. 594
Enabling PIM-SM Graceful Restart................................................................................................................................ 594
39 PIM Source-Specic Mode (PIM-SSM)................................................................... 595
Congure PIM-SMM..................................................................................................................................................... 595
Related Conguration Tasks.....................................................................................................................................595
Implementation Information........................................................................................................................................... 595
Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................595
Enabling PIM-SSM.........................................................................................................................................................596
Use PIM-SSM with IGMP Version 2 Hosts.................................................................................................................... 596
Conguring PIM-SSM with IGMPv2........................................................................................................................596
40 Port Monitoring........................................................................................................ 598
Important Points to Remember......................................................................................................................................598
Conguring Port Monitoring.......................................................................................................................................... 599
Enabling Flow-Based Monitoring....................................................................................................................................600
Remote Port Mirroring....................................................................................................................................................601
Remote Port Mirroring Example................................................................................................................................601
20
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