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Force10 Z9000

Dell Force10 Z9000 Administrator Guide

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Dell Configuration Guide for the Z9000
System
9.5(0.0)
Notes, Cautions, and Warnings
NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your computer.
CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you
how to avoid the problem.
WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.
Copyright © 2014 Dell Inc. All rights reserved. This product is protected by U.S. and international copyright and
intellectual property laws. Dell
â„¢
and the Dell logo are trademarks of Dell Inc. in the United States and/or other
jurisdictions. All other marks and names mentioned herein may be trademarks of their respective companies.
2014 - 06
Rev. A00
Contents
1 About this Guide......................................................................................................31
Audience.............................................................................................................................................. 31
Conventions.........................................................................................................................................31
Related Documents.............................................................................................................................31
2 Configuration Fundamentals...............................................................................32
Accessing the Command Line............................................................................................................32
CLI Modes............................................................................................................................................32
Navigating CLI Modes................................................................................................................... 34
The do Command............................................................................................................................... 37
Undoing Commands...........................................................................................................................38
Obtaining Help.................................................................................................................................... 39
Entering and Editing Commands....................................................................................................... 39
Command History.............................................................................................................................. 40
Filtering show Command Outputs.....................................................................................................40
Multiple Users in Configuration Mode............................................................................................... 42
3 Data Center Bridging (DCB).................................................................................43
SNMP Support for PFC and Buffer Statistics Tracking.......................................................................43
4 Getting Started....................................................................................................... 44
Console Access...................................................................................................................................44
Serial Console................................................................................................................................44
Accessing the CLI Interface and Running Scripts Using SSH............................................................45
Z9000 ........................................................................................................................................... 45
Entering CLI commands Using an SSH Connection................................................................... 46
Executing Local CLI Scripts Using an SSH Connection...............................................................46
Default Configuration......................................................................................................................... 47
Configuring a Host Name...................................................................................................................47
Accessing the System Remotely.........................................................................................................47
Accessing the Z-Series and Remotely..........................................................................................47
Configure the Management Port IP Address............................................................................... 48
Configure a Management Route..................................................................................................48
Configuring a Username and Password.......................................................................................48
Configuring the Enable Password......................................................................................................49
Configuration File Management.........................................................................................................49
Copy Files to and from the System.............................................................................................. 49
Save the Running-Configuration..................................................................................................50
Configure the Overload Bit for a Startup Scenario...................................................................... 51
Viewing Files...................................................................................................................................51
Managing the File System................................................................................................................... 52
Enabling Software Features on Devices Using a Command Option................................................ 53
View Command History......................................................................................................................54
Upgrading Dell Networking OS.......................................................................................................... 55
Using HTTP for File Transfers............................................................................................................. 55
Using Hashes to Validate Software Images........................................................................................55
5 Management............................................................................................................ 57
Configuring Privilege Levels................................................................................................................57
Creating a Custom Privilege Level................................................................................................57
Removing a Command from EXEC Mode....................................................................................57
Moving a Command from EXEC Privilege Mode to EXEC Mode................................................ 57
Allowing Access to CONFIGURATION Mode Commands.......................................................... 58
Allowing Access to the Following Modes.................................................................................... 58
Applying a Privilege Level to a Username.................................................................................... 60
Applying a Privilege Level to a Terminal Line...............................................................................60
Configuring Logging...........................................................................................................................60
Audit and Security Logs.................................................................................................................61
Configuring Logging Format ...................................................................................................... 62
Setting Up a Secure Connection to a Syslog Server....................................................................63
Log Messages in the Internal Buffer...................................................................................................64
Configuration Task List for System Log Management................................................................ 64
Disabling System Logging.................................................................................................................. 64
Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server....................................................................................65
Configuring a UNIX System as a Syslog Server............................................................................65
Changing System Logging Settings....................................................................................................65
Display the Logging Buffer and the Logging Configuration............................................................. 66
Configuring a UNIX Logging Facility Level.........................................................................................67
Synchronizing Log Messages............................................................................................................. 68
Enabling Timestamp on Syslog Messages......................................................................................... 68
File Transfer Services.......................................................................................................................... 69
Configuration Task List for File Transfer Services........................................................................69
Enabling the FTP Server................................................................................................................ 69
Configuring FTP Server Parameters............................................................................................. 70
Configuring FTP Client Parameters..............................................................................................70
Terminal Lines......................................................................................................................................71
Denying and Permitting Access to a Terminal Line......................................................................71
Configuring Login Authentication for Terminal Lines..................................................................72
Setting Time Out of EXEC Privilege Mode..........................................................................................73
Using Telnet to get to Another Network Device................................................................................73
Lock CONFIGURATION Mode............................................................................................................74
Viewing the Configuration Lock Status........................................................................................ 74
Recovering from a Forgotten Password on the Z9000 System........................................................75
Recovering from a Forgotten Enable Password on the Z9000.................................................. 76
Recovering from a Failed Start on the Z9000 System.......................................................................77
Restoring the Factory Default Settings...............................................................................................78
Z9000MXL Switch......................................................................................................................... 78
Important Points to Remember....................................................................................................78
6 802.1X........................................................................................................................79
The Port-Authentication Process.......................................................................................................80
EAP over RADIUS...........................................................................................................................82
Configuring 802.1X............................................................................................................................. 82
Related Configuration Tasks.........................................................................................................82
Important Points to Remember..........................................................................................................83
Enabling 802.1X...................................................................................................................................84
Configuring Request Identity Re-Transmissions............................................................................... 85
Configuring a Quiet Period after a Failed Authentication........................................................... 86
Forcibly Authorizing or Unauthorizing a Port.................................................................................... 87
Re-Authenticating a Port....................................................................................................................88
Configuring Timeouts.........................................................................................................................89
Configuring Dynamic VLAN Assignment with Port Authentication..................................................90
Guest and Authentication-Fail VLANs................................................................................................ 91
Configuring a Guest VLAN............................................................................................................92
Configuring an Authentication-Fail VLAN....................................................................................92
7 Access Control Lists (ACLs)..................................................................................94
IP Access Control Lists (ACLs)............................................................................................................ 95
CAM Usage.................................................................................................................................... 95
Implementing ACLs on Dell Networking OS................................................................................97
IP Fragment Handling......................................................................................................................... 98
IP Fragments ACL Examples......................................................................................................... 98
Layer 4 ACL Rules Examples.........................................................................................................99
Configure a Standard IP ACL............................................................................................................100
Configuring a Standard IP ACL Filter.......................................................................................... 101
Configure an Extended IP ACL......................................................................................................... 102
Configuring Filters with a Sequence Number............................................................................102
Configuring Filters Without a Sequence Number......................................................................103
Configure Layer 2 and Layer 3 ACLs................................................................................................104
Assign an IP ACL to an Interface...................................................................................................... 105
Applying an IP ACL............................................................................................................................105
Counting ACL Hits.......................................................................................................................106
Configure Ingress ACLs.................................................................................................................... 106
Configure Egress ACLs......................................................................................................................107
Applying Egress Layer 3 ACLs (Control-Plane).......................................................................... 108
IP Prefix Lists..................................................................................................................................... 108
Implementation Information...................................................................................................... 109
Configuration Task List for Prefix Lists....................................................................................... 109
ACL Resequencing.............................................................................................................................113
Resequencing an ACL or Prefix List............................................................................................ 114
Route Maps........................................................................................................................................ 115
Implementation Information.......................................................................................................115
Important Points to Remember........................................................................................................ 116
Configuration Task List for Route Maps......................................................................................116
Configuring Match Routes.......................................................................................................... 118
Configuring Set Conditions........................................................................................................ 120
Configure a Route Map for Route Redistribution.......................................................................121
Configure a Route Map for Route Tagging................................................................................ 122
Continue Clause..........................................................................................................................122
Logging of ACL Processes................................................................................................................ 122
Guidelines for Configuring ACL Logging......................................................................................... 123
Configuring ACL Logging................................................................................................................. 124
Flow-Based Monitoring Support for ACLs....................................................................................... 125
Behavior of Flow-Based Monitoring...........................................................................................125
Enabling Flow-Based Monitoring..................................................................................................... 127
8 Access Control List (ACL) VLAN Groups and Content Addressable
Memory (CAM).......................................................................................................... 129
Optimizing CAM Utilization During the Attachment of ACLs to VLANs......................................... 129
Guidelines for Configuring ACL VLAN groups.................................................................................130
Configuring ACL VLAN Groups and Configuring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters.........................131
Configuring ACL VLAN Groups................................................................................................... 131
Configuring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters............................................................................. 132
Viewing CAM Usage.......................................................................................................................... 133
Allocating FP Blocks for VLAN Processes.........................................................................................134
9 Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD).....................................................136
How BFD Works................................................................................................................................ 136
BFD Packet Format......................................................................................................................137
BFD Sessions................................................................................................................................139
BFD Three-Way Handshake........................................................................................................139
Session State Changes................................................................................................................140
Important Points to Remember........................................................................................................ 141
Configure BFD................................................................................................................................... 141
Configure BFD for Physical Ports............................................................................................... 142
Configure BFD for Static Routes.................................................................................................145
Configure BFD for OSPF..............................................................................................................147
Configure BFD for OSPFv3......................................................................................................... 150
Configure BFD for IS-IS............................................................................................................... 151
Configure BFD for BGP............................................................................................................... 154
Configure BFD for VRRP..............................................................................................................161
Configuring Protocol Liveness................................................................................................... 164
Troubleshooting BFD..................................................................................................................164
10 Border Gateway Protocol IPv4 (BGPv4).......................................................166
Autonomous Systems (AS)................................................................................................................166
Sessions and Peers............................................................................................................................168
Establish a Session.......................................................................................................................169
Route Reflectors................................................................................................................................169
BGP Attributes................................................................................................................................... 170
Best Path Selection Criteria......................................................................................................... 171
Weight.......................................................................................................................................... 173
Local Preference..........................................................................................................................173
Multi-Exit Discriminators (MEDs)................................................................................................ 174
Origin............................................................................................................................................175
AS Path......................................................................................................................................... 176
Next Hop......................................................................................................................................176
Multiprotocol BGP............................................................................................................................. 177
Implement BGP with Dell Networking OS........................................................................................177
Additional Path (Add-Path) Support............................................................................................177
Advertise IGP Cost as MED for Redistributed Routes.................................................................177
Ignore Router-ID for Some Best-Path Calculations..................................................................178
Four-Byte AS Numbers................................................................................................................178
AS4 Number Representation.......................................................................................................179
AS Number Migration..................................................................................................................180
BGP4 Management Information Base (MIB).............................................................................. 182
Important Points to Remember..................................................................................................182
Configuration Information................................................................................................................183
BGP Configuration............................................................................................................................ 183
Enabling BGP...............................................................................................................................184
Configuring AS4 Number Representations................................................................................188
Configuring Peer Groups............................................................................................................190
Configuring BGP Fast Fall-Over..................................................................................................193
Configuring Passive Peering....................................................................................................... 194
Maintaining Existing AS Numbers During an AS Migration........................................................195
Allowing an AS Number to Appear in its Own AS Path..............................................................196
Enabling Graceful Restart............................................................................................................197
Enabling Neighbor Graceful Restart...........................................................................................198
Filtering on an AS-Path Attribute................................................................................................199
Regular Expressions as Filters.................................................................................................... 200
Redistributing Routes..................................................................................................................202
Enabling Additional Paths...........................................................................................................202
Configuring IP Community Lists................................................................................................ 203
Configuring an IP Extended Community List............................................................................ 205
Filtering Routes with Community Lists......................................................................................206
Manipulating the COMMUNITY Attribute.................................................................................. 206
Changing MED Attributes...........................................................................................................208
Changing the LOCAL_PREFERENCE Attribute..........................................................................208
Changing the NEXT_HOP Attribute...........................................................................................209
Changing the WEIGHT Attribute.................................................................................................210
Enabling Multipath...................................................................................................................... 210
Filtering BGP Routes................................................................................................................... 210
Filtering BGP Routes Using Route Maps.....................................................................................212
Filtering BGP Routes Using AS-PATH Information.................................................................... 213
Configuring BGP Route Reflectors.............................................................................................213
Aggregating Routes.....................................................................................................................214
Configuring BGP Confederations...............................................................................................215
Enabling Route Flap Dampening................................................................................................ 215
Changing BGP Timers.................................................................................................................218
Enabling BGP Neighbor Soft-Reconfiguration.......................................................................... 218
Route Map Continue...................................................................................................................220
Enabling MBGP Configurations........................................................................................................220
BGP Regular Expression Optimization............................................................................................. 221
Debugging BGP.................................................................................................................................221
Storing Last and Bad PDUs......................................................................................................... 222
Capturing PDUs...........................................................................................................................223
PDU Counters............................................................................................................................. 224
Sample Configurations..................................................................................................................... 225
11 Content Addressable Memory (CAM).............................................................231
CAM Allocation..................................................................................................................................231
Test CAM Usage................................................................................................................................233
View CAM Profiles.............................................................................................................................234
View CAM-ACL Settings................................................................................................................... 234
View CAM Usage...............................................................................................................................236
CAM Optimization.............................................................................................................................237
Troubleshoot CAM Profiling............................................................................................................. 237
CAM Profile Mismatches.............................................................................................................237
QoS CAM Region Limitation.......................................................................................................237
12 Control Plane Policing (CoPP)........................................................................ 239
Configure Control Plane Policing....................................................................................................240
Configuring CoPP for Protocols.................................................................................................241
Configuring CoPP for CPU Queues...........................................................................................243
CoPP for OSPFv3 Packets.......................................................................................................... 244
Configuring CoPP for OSPFv3....................................................................................................247
Show Commands....................................................................................................................... 248
13 Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)..........................................250
DHCP Packet Format and Options.................................................................................................. 250
Assign an IP Address using DHCP.................................................................................................... 252
Implementation Information............................................................................................................253
Configure the System to be a DHCP Server....................................................................................254
Configuring the Server for Automatic Address Allocation........................................................ 254
Specifying a Default Gateway.....................................................................................................256
Configure a Method of Hostname Resolution.......................................................................... 256
Using DNS for Address Resolution.............................................................................................256
Using NetBIOS WINS for Address Resolution............................................................................ 256
Creating Manual Binding Entries................................................................................................ 257
Debugging the DHCP Server...................................................................................................... 257
Using DHCP Clear Commands...................................................................................................257
Configure the System to be a Relay Agent......................................................................................258
Configure the System to be a DHCP Client.................................................................................... 260
DHCP Client on a Management Interface.................................................................................260
DHCP Client Operation with Other Features.............................................................................261
Configure the System for User Port Stacking (Option 230)............................................................262
Configure Secure DHCP...................................................................................................................262
Option 82.................................................................................................................................... 262
DHCP Snooping..........................................................................................................................263
Drop DHCP Packets on Snooped VLANs Only..........................................................................265
Dynamic ARP Inspection............................................................................................................ 265
Configuring Dynamic ARP Inspection........................................................................................267
Source Address Validation................................................................................................................268
Enabling IP Source Address Validation...................................................................................... 268
DHCP MAC Source Address Validation......................................................................................268
Enabling IP+MAC Source Address Validation............................................................................269
14 Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP)........................................................................ 270
ECMP for Flow-Based Affinity.......................................................................................................... 270
Configuring the Hash Algorithm................................................................................................ 270
Enabling Deterministic ECMP Next Hop....................................................................................270
Configuring the Hash Algorithm Seed........................................................................................271
Link Bundle Monitoring..................................................................................................................... 271
Managing ECMP Group Paths.................................................................................................... 272
Creating an ECMP Group Bundle...............................................................................................273
Modifying the ECMP Group Threshold...................................................................................... 273
15 Enabling FIPS Cryptography............................................................................275
Configuration Tasks.......................................................................................................................... 275
Preparing the System........................................................................................................................275
Enabling FIPS Mode.......................................................................................................................... 276
Generating Host-Keys...................................................................................................................... 276
Monitoring FIPS Mode Status............................................................................................................277
Disabling FIPS Mode..........................................................................................................................277
16 Force10 Resilient Ring Protocol (FRRP)........................................................279
Protocol Overview............................................................................................................................ 279
Ring Status.................................................................................................................................. 280
Multiple FRRP Rings.....................................................................................................................281
Important FRRP Points................................................................................................................ 281
Important FRRP Concepts.......................................................................................................... 281
Implementing FRRP.......................................................................................................................... 283
FRRP Configuration.......................................................................................................................... 283
Creating the FRRP Group........................................................................................................... 283
Configuring the Control VLAN...................................................................................................284
Configuring and Adding the Member VLANs.............................................................................285
Setting the FRRP Timers..............................................................................................................287
Clearing the FRRP Counters....................................................................................................... 287
Viewing the FRRP Configuration................................................................................................ 287
Viewing the FRRP Information....................................................................................................287
Troubleshooting FRRP......................................................................................................................288
Configuration Checks.................................................................................................................288
Sample Configuration and Topology.............................................................................................. 288
17 GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP)...................................................291
Important Points to Remember........................................................................................................291
Configure GVRP................................................................................................................................292
Related Configuration Tasks.......................................................................................................292
Enabling GVRP Globally....................................................................................................................293
Enabling GVRP on a Layer 2 Interface............................................................................................. 293
Configure GVRP Registration........................................................................................................... 293
Configure a GARP Timer.................................................................................................................. 294
18 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP)...........................................296
IGMP Implementation Information..................................................................................................296
IGMP Protocol Overview..................................................................................................................296
IGMP Version 2............................................................................................................................296
IGMP Version 3........................................................................................................................... 298
Configure IGMP.................................................................................................................................301
Related Configuration Tasks.......................................................................................................301
Viewing IGMP Enabled Interfaces....................................................................................................302
Selecting an IGMP Version............................................................................................................... 302
Viewing IGMP Groups...................................................................................................................... 303
Adjusting Timers............................................................................................................................... 303
Adjusting Query and Response Timers......................................................................................303
Adjusting the IGMP Querier Timeout Value.............................................................................. 304
Configuring a Static IGMP Group.................................................................................................... 304
Enabling IGMP Immediate-Leave.................................................................................................... 305
IGMP Snooping.................................................................................................................................305
IGMP Snooping Implementation Information...........................................................................305
Configuring IGMP Snooping...................................................................................................... 305
Removing a Group-Port Association.........................................................................................306
Disabling Multicast Flooding...................................................................................................... 306
Specifying a Port as Connected to a Multicast Router..............................................................307
Configuring the Switch as Querier.............................................................................................307
Fast Convergence after MSTP Topology Changes......................................................................... 308
Egress Interface Selection (EIS) for HTTP and IGMP Applications................................................. 308
Protocol Separation....................................................................................................................309
Enabling and Disabling Management Egress Interface Selection.............................................310
Handling of Management Route Configuration.........................................................................311
Handling of Switch-Initiated Traffic............................................................................................311
Handling of Switch-Destined Traffic.......................................................................................... 312
Handling of Transit Traffic (Traffic Separation).......................................................................... 313
Mapping of Management Applications and Traffic Type...........................................................313
Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Initiated Traffic ...................................................314
Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Destined Traffic ................................................. 315
Interworking of EIS With Various Applications...........................................................................316
Designating a Multicast Router Interface......................................................................................... 317
19 Interfaces..............................................................................................................318
Basic Interface Configuration...........................................................................................................318
Advanced Interface Configuration................................................................................................... 318
Interface Types..................................................................................................................................319
View Basic Interface Information..................................................................................................... 319
Enabling a Physical Interface............................................................................................................ 321
Physical Interfaces.............................................................................................................................321
Configuration Task List for Physical Interfaces..........................................................................322
Overview of Layer Modes........................................................................................................... 322
Configuring Layer 2 (Data Link) Mode........................................................................................322
Configuring Layer 2 (Interface) Mode........................................................................................ 323
Configuring Layer 3 (Network) Mode.........................................................................................323
Configuring Layer 3 (Interface) Mode........................................................................................ 324
Egress Interface Selection (EIS)........................................................................................................324
Important Points to Remember..................................................................................................325
Configuring EIS............................................................................................................................325
Management Interfaces....................................................................................................................325
Configuring Management Interfaces......................................................................................... 325
Configuring Management Interfaces on the S-Series...............................................................326
VLAN Interfaces.................................................................................................................................327
Loopback Interfaces......................................................................................................................... 328
Null Interfaces...................................................................................................................................328
Port Channel Interfaces....................................................................................................................328
Port Channel Definition and Standards......................................................................................329
Port Channel Benefits.................................................................................................................329
Port Channel Implementation....................................................................................................329
10/100/1000 Mbps Interfaces in Port Channels........................................................................330
Configuration Tasks for Port Channel Interfaces......................................................................330
Creating a Port Channel..............................................................................................................331
Adding a Physical Interface to a Port Channel...........................................................................331
Reassigning an Interface to a New Port Channel......................................................................333
Configuring the Minimum Oper Up Links in a Port Channel....................................................334
..................................................................................................................................................... 334
Assigning an IP Address to a Port Channel................................................................................ 335
Deleting or Disabling a Port Channel.........................................................................................335
Load Balancing Through Port Channels.................................................................................... 335
Load-Balancing on the S- Series................................................................................................336
Changing the Hash Algorithm....................................................................................................336
Bulk Configuration............................................................................................................................338
Interface Range...........................................................................................................................338
Bulk Configuration Examples..................................................................................................... 338
Defining Interface Range Macros.................................................................................................... 340
Define the Interface Range........................................................................................................ 340
Choosing an Interface-Range Macro........................................................................................ 340
Monitoring and Maintaining Interfaces............................................................................................ 341
Maintenance Using TDR............................................................................................................. 342
Splitting QSFP Ports to SFP+ Ports.................................................................................................. 342
Link Dampening................................................................................................................................343
Important Points to Remember................................................................................................. 344
Enabling Link Dampening...........................................................................................................344
Link Bundle Monitoring.................................................................................................................... 345
Using Ethernet Pause Frames for Flow Control.............................................................................. 346
Threshold Settings...................................................................................................................... 346
Enabling Pause Frames............................................................................................................... 347
Configure the MTU Size on an Interface......................................................................................... 348
Port-Pipes......................................................................................................................................... 349
Auto-Negotiation on Ethernet Interfaces........................................................................................349
Setting the Speed and Duplex Mode of Ethernet Interfaces.....................................................349
Set Auto-Negotiation Options....................................................................................................351
View Advanced Interface Information..............................................................................................351
Configuring the Interface Sampling Size................................................................................... 352
Dynamic Counters............................................................................................................................354
Clearing Interface Counters....................................................................................................... 354
Enhanced Validation of Interface Ranges........................................................................................355
20 Internet Protocol Security (IPSec).................................................................356
Configuring IPSec ............................................................................................................................ 357
21 IPv4 Routing........................................................................................................ 358
IP Addresses...................................................................................................................................... 358
Implementation Information......................................................................................................358
Configuration Tasks for IP Addresses.............................................................................................. 358
Assigning IP Addresses to an Interface............................................................................................ 359
Configuring Static Routes................................................................................................................ 360
Configure Static Routes for the Management Interface................................................................. 361
IPv4 Path MTU Discovery Overview.................................................................................................362
Using the Configured Source IP Address in ICMP Messages..........................................................363
Configuring the ICMP Source Interface.....................................................................................363
Configuring the Duration to Establish a TCP Connection..............................................................363
Enabling Directed Broadcast............................................................................................................364
Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................... 364
Enabling Dynamic Resolution of Host Names................................................................................ 364
Specifying the Local System Domain and a List of Domains..........................................................365
Configuring DNS with Traceroute................................................................................................... 365
ARP.................................................................................................................................................... 366
Configuration Tasks for ARP.............................................................................................................367
Configuring Static ARP Entries......................................................................................................... 367
Enabling Proxy ARP...........................................................................................................................368
Clearing ARP Cache..........................................................................................................................368
ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP..................................................................................................... 368
Enabling ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP......................................................................................369
ARP Learning via ARP Request......................................................................................................... 369
Configuring ARP Retries................................................................................................................... 370
ICMP...................................................................................................................................................371
Configuration Tasks for ICMP...........................................................................................................371
Enabling ICMP Unreachable Messages............................................................................................ 371
UDP Helper........................................................................................................................................ 371
Configure UDP Helper.................................................................................................................371
Important Points to Remember..................................................................................................372
Enabling UDP Helper........................................................................................................................ 372
Configuring a Broadcast Address.....................................................................................................372
Configurations Using UDP Helper....................................................................................................373
UDP Helper with Broadcast-All Addresses...................................................................................... 373
UDP Helper with Subnet Broadcast Addresses................................................................................374
UDP Helper with Configured Broadcast Addresses.........................................................................375
UDP Helper with No Configured Broadcast Addresses...................................................................375
Troubleshooting UDP Helper........................................................................................................... 375
22 IPv6 Routing........................................................................................................ 377
Protocol Overview............................................................................................................................ 377
Extended Address Space.............................................................................................................377
Stateless Autoconfiguration........................................................................................................377
IPv6 Headers................................................................................................................................378
IPv6 Header Fields.......................................................................................................................379
Extension Header Fields............................................................................................................. 380
Addressing................................................................................................................................... 381
Implementing IPv6 with Dell Networking OS..................................................................................383
ICMPv6.............................................................................................................................................. 385
Path MTU Discovery......................................................................................................................... 385
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery..................................................................................................................386
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery of MTU Packets................................................................................. 387
Configuration Task List for IPv6 RDNSS...........................................................................................387
Configuring the IPv6 Recursive DNS Server.............................................................................. 387
Debugging IPv6 RDNSS Information Sent to the Host ............................................................ 388
Displaying IPv6 RDNSS Information...........................................................................................389
Secure Shell (SSH) Over an IPv6 Transport..................................................................................... 390
Configuration Tasks for IPv6............................................................................................................390
Adjusting Your CAM-Profile....................................................................................................... 390
Assigning an IPv6 Address to an Interface................................................................................. 391
Assigning a Static IPv6 Route......................................................................................................391
Configuring Telnet with IPv6......................................................................................................392
SNMP over IPv6...........................................................................................................................392
Showing IPv6 Information.......................................................................................................... 393
Showing an IPv6 Interface..........................................................................................................393
Showing IPv6 Routes..................................................................................................................394
Showing the Running-Configuration for an Interface.............................................................. 395
Clearing IPv6 Routes...................................................................................................................396
23 Intermediate System to Intermediate System............................................ 397
IS-IS Protocol Overview................................................................................................................... 397
IS-IS Addressing................................................................................................................................ 397
Multi-Topology IS-IS........................................................................................................................ 398
Transition Mode.......................................................................................................................... 399
Interface Support........................................................................................................................ 399
Adjacencies................................................................................................................................. 399
Graceful Restart................................................................................................................................ 399
Timers......................................................................................................................................... 400
Implementation Information........................................................................................................... 400
Configuration Information............................................................................................................... 401
Configuration Tasks for IS-IS......................................................................................................401
Configuring the Distance of a Route..........................................................................................410
Changing the IS-Type.................................................................................................................410
Redistributing IPv4 Routes..........................................................................................................413
Redistributing IPv6 Routes..........................................................................................................414
Configuring Authentication Passwords......................................................................................415
Setting the Overload Bit..............................................................................................................416
Debugging IS-IS.......................................................................................................................... 416
IS-IS Metric Styles..............................................................................................................................417
Configure Metric Values................................................................................................................... 418
Maximum Values in the Routing Table.......................................................................................418
Change the IS-IS Metric Style in One Level Only...................................................................... 418
Leaks from One Level to Another.............................................................................................. 420
Sample Configurations..................................................................................................................... 421
24 Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP).................................................424
Introduction to Dynamic LAGs and LACP....................................................................................... 424
Important Points to Remember................................................................................................. 424
LACP Modes................................................................................................................................ 425
Configuring LACP Commands................................................................................................... 425
LACP Configuration Tasks................................................................................................................426
Creating a LAG............................................................................................................................ 426
Configuring the LAG Interfaces as Dynamic..............................................................................427
Setting the LACP Long Timeout................................................................................................. 427
Monitoring and Debugging LACP.............................................................................................. 428
Shared LAG State Tracking...............................................................................................................428
Configuring Shared LAG State Tracking.................................................................................... 429
Important Points about Shared LAG State Tracking..................................................................430
LACP Basic Configuration Example..................................................................................................431
Configure a LAG on ALPHA........................................................................................................ 431
Setting Up a Threshold for Utilization of High-Gigabit Port Channels.......................................... 438
Guidelines for Monitoring High-Gigabit Port Channels........................................................... 440
Enabling the Verification of Member Links Utilization in a High-Gigabit Port Channel................ 441
Viewing Buffer Utilization and Queue Statistics on High-Gigabit Ethernet Backplane Ports........441
25 Layer 2...................................................................................................................443
Manage the MAC Address Table...................................................................................................... 443
Clearing the MAC Address Table................................................................................................443
Setting the Aging Time for Dynamic Entries..............................................................................443
Configuring a Static MAC Address............................................................................................. 444
Displaying the MAC Address Table............................................................................................ 444
MAC Learning Limit.......................................................................................................................... 444
Setting the MAC Learning Limit..................................................................................................445
mac learning-limit Dynamic.......................................................................................................445
mac learning-limit mac-address-sticky.................................................................................... 446
mac learning-limit station-move...............................................................................................446
mac learning-limit no-station-move.........................................................................................446
Learning Limit Violation Actions.................................................................................................447
Setting Station Move Violation Actions......................................................................................447
Recovering from Learning Limit and Station Move Violations................................................. 448
NIC Teaming.....................................................................................................................................448
Configure Redundant Pairs.............................................................................................................. 449
Important Points about Configuring Redundant Pairs.............................................................. 451
Far-End Failure Detection................................................................................................................ 452
FEFD State Changes....................................................................................................................453
Configuring FEFD........................................................................................................................454
Enabling FEFD on an Interface................................................................................................... 455
Debugging FEFD......................................................................................................................... 456
26 Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP).......................................................... 458
802.1AB (LLDP) Overview.................................................................................................................458
Protocol Data Units.................................................................................................................... 458
Optional TLVs....................................................................................................................................459
Management TLVs...................................................................................................................... 459
TIA-1057 (LLDP-MED) Overview...................................................................................................... 461
TIA Organizationally Specific TLVs.............................................................................................462
Configure LLDP................................................................................................................................ 466
Related Configuration Tasks...................................................................................................... 466
Important Points to Remember................................................................................................. 467
LLDP Compatibility..................................................................................................................... 467
CONFIGURATION versus INTERFACE Configurations....................................................................467
Enabling LLDP...................................................................................................................................468
Disabling and Undoing LLDP......................................................................................................468
Enabling LLDP on Management Ports.............................................................................................468
Disabling and Undoing LLDP on Management Ports................................................................468
Advertising TLVs................................................................................................................................469
Viewing the LLDP Configuration......................................................................................................470
Viewing Information Advertised by Adjacent LLDP Agents............................................................. 471
Configuring LLDPDU Intervals..........................................................................................................472
Configuring Transmit and Receive Mode........................................................................................ 472
Configuring a Time to Live............................................................................................................... 473
Debugging LLDP...............................................................................................................................474
Relevant Management Objects........................................................................................................ 475
27 Microsoft Network Load Balancing...............................................................481
NLB Unicast Mode Scenario.............................................................................................................481
NLB Multicast Mode Scenario..........................................................................................................482
Limitations With Enabling NLB on Switches....................................................................................482
Benefits and Working of Microsoft Clustering................................................................................ 482
Enable and Disable VLAN Flooding .................................................................................................483
Configuring a Switch for NLB ..........................................................................................................483
.....................................................................................................................................................483
28 Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP)............................................ 484
Protocol Overview............................................................................................................................484
Anycast RP........................................................................................................................................ 486
Implementation Information............................................................................................................486
Configure Multicast Source Discovery Protocol.............................................................................486
Related Configuration Tasks...................................................................................................... 486
Enable MSDP.................................................................................................................................... 490
Manage the Source-Active Cache................................................................................................... 491
Viewing the Source-Active Cache..............................................................................................491
Limiting the Source-Active Cache............................................................................................. 492
Clearing the Source-Active Cache.............................................................................................492
Enabling the Rejected Source-Active Cache.............................................................................492
Accept Source-Active Messages that Fail the RFP Check.............................................................. 492
Specifying Source-Active Messages................................................................................................ 496
Limiting the Source-Active Messages from a Peer......................................................................... 497
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Local Source.............................................................................497
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Remote Source........................................................................ 498
Preventing MSDP from Advertising a Local Source........................................................................ 499
Logging Changes in Peership States............................................................................................... 500
Terminating a Peership.................................................................................................................... 500
Clearing Peer Statistics.....................................................................................................................500
Debugging MSDP..............................................................................................................................501
MSDP with Anycast RP......................................................................................................................501
Configuring Anycast RP....................................................................................................................503
Reducing Source-Active Message Flooding..............................................................................503
Specifying the RP Address Used in SA Messages.......................................................................503
MSDP Sample Configurations..........................................................................................................506
29 Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP).................................................... 509
Protocol Overview............................................................................................................................509
Spanning Tree Variations.................................................................................................................. 510
Implementation Information...................................................................................................... 510
Configure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol.................................................................................... 510
Related Configuration Tasks.......................................................................................................510
Enable Multiple Spanning Tree Globally...........................................................................................511
Adding and Removing Interfaces......................................................................................................511
Creating Multiple Spanning Tree Instances......................................................................................511
Influencing MSTP Root Selection..................................................................................................... 513
Interoperate with Non-Dell Networking OS Bridges.......................................................................513
Changing the Region Name or Revision..........................................................................................514
Modifying Global Parameters........................................................................................................... 514
Modifying the Interface Parameters................................................................................................. 516
Configuring an EdgePort.................................................................................................................. 516
Flush MAC Addresses after a Topology Change..............................................................................517
MSTP Sample Configurations........................................................................................................... 518
Router 1 Running-ConfigurationRouter 2 Running-ConfigurationRouter 3 Running-
ConfigurationSFTOS Example Running-Configuration.............................................................518
Debugging and Verifying MSTP Configurations.............................................................................. 521
30 Multicast Features............................................................................................. 524
Enabling IP Multicast.........................................................................................................................524
Multicast with ECMP.........................................................................................................................524
Implementation Information............................................................................................................525
First Packet Forwarding for Lossless Multicast................................................................................ 526
Multicast Policies.............................................................................................................................. 526
IPv4 Multicast Policies................................................................................................................ 526
31 Open Shortest Path First (OSPFv2 and OSPFv3).........................................534
Protocol Overview............................................................................................................................534
Autonomous System (AS) Areas................................................................................................. 534
Area Types................................................................................................................................... 535
Networks and Neighbors............................................................................................................536
Router Types............................................................................................................................... 536
Designated and Backup Designated Routers............................................................................ 538
Link-State Advertisements (LSAs)...............................................................................................538
Router Priority and Cost.............................................................................................................540
OSPF with Dell Networking OS........................................................................................................540
Graceful Restart...........................................................................................................................541
Fast Convergence (OSPFv2, IPv4 Only)..................................................................................... 542
Multi-Process OSPFv2 (IPv4 only)..............................................................................................542
RFC-2328 Compliant OSPF Flooding........................................................................................ 543
OSPF ACK Packing......................................................................................................................544
Setting OSPF Adjacency with Cisco Routers............................................................................. 544
Configuration Information............................................................................................................... 545
Configuration Task List for OSPFv2 (OSPF for IPv4)..................................................................545
Sample Configurations for OSPFv2................................................................................................. 560
Basic OSPFv2 Router Topology................................................................................................. 560
OSPF Area 0 — Gl 1/1 and 1/2.....................................................................................................561
OSPF Area 0 — Gl 3/1 and 3/2.................................................................................................... 561
OSPF Area 0 — Gl 2/1 and 2/2....................................................................................................562
Configuration Task List for OSPFv3 (OSPF for IPv6)........................................................................562
Enabling IPv6 Unicast Routing................................................................................................... 562
Assigning IPv6 Addresses on an Interface................................................................................. 563
Assigning Area ID on an Interface.............................................................................................. 563
Assigning OSPFv3 Process ID and Router ID Globally.............................................................. 563
Configuring Stub Areas...............................................................................................................564
Configuring Passive-Interface....................................................................................................564
Redistributing Routes..................................................................................................................565
Configuring a Default Route.......................................................................................................565
Enabling OSPFv3 Graceful Restart............................................................................................. 565
OSPFv3 Authentication Using IPsec...........................................................................................568
Troubleshooting OSPFv3............................................................................................................ 575
32 Policy-based Routing (PBR).............................................................................577
Overview............................................................................................................................................577
Implementing Policy-based Routing with Dell Networking OS..................................................... 579
Configuration Task List for Policy-based Routing...........................................................................579
PBR Exceptions (Permit)............................................................................................................. 582
Sample Configuration.......................................................................................................................584
Create the Redirect-List GOLDAssign Redirect-List GOLD to Interface 2/11View
Redirect-List GOLD.....................................................................................................................585
33 PIM Sparse-Mode (PIM-SM).............................................................................587
Implementation Information............................................................................................................587
Protocol Overview............................................................................................................................ 587
Requesting Multicast Traffic....................................................................................................... 587
Refuse Multicast Traffic.............................................................................................................. 588
Send Multicast Traffic................................................................................................................. 588
Configuring PIM-SM.........................................................................................................................589
Related Configuration Tasks...................................................................................................... 589
Enable PIM-SM..................................................................................................................................589
Configuring S,G Expiry Timers......................................................................................................... 590
Configuring a Static Rendezvous Point........................................................................................... 592
Overriding Bootstrap Router Updates........................................................................................592
Configuring a Designated Router.................................................................................................... 592
Creating Multicast Boundaries and Domains.................................................................................. 593
Enabling PIM-SM Graceful Restart...................................................................................................593
34 PIM Source-Specific Mode (PIM-SSM)......................................................... 595
Implementation Information............................................................................................................595
Important Points to Remember..................................................................................................595
Configure PIM-SMM.........................................................................................................................596
Related Configuration Tasks...................................................................................................... 596
Enabling PIM-SSM............................................................................................................................ 596
Use PIM-SSM with IGMP Version 2 Hosts....................................................................................... 596
Configuring PIM-SSM with IGMPv2............................................................................................597
35 Port Monitoring..................................................................................................599
Important Points to Remember....................................................................................................... 599
Port Monitoring................................................................................................................................ 600
Configuring Port Monitoring............................................................................................................602
Enabling Flow-Based Monitoring.................................................................................................... 603
Remote Port Mirroring..................................................................................................................... 604
Remote Port Mirroring Example................................................................................................ 605
Configuring Remote Port Mirroring...........................................................................................605
Displaying Remote-Port Mirroring Configurations................................................................... 607
Configuring the Sample Remote Port Mirroring....................................................................... 608
Configuring the Encapsulated Remote Port Mirroring.................................................................... 611
Configuration steps for ERPM ....................................................................................................611
ERPM Behavior on a typical Dell Networking OS ........................................................................... 613
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