BIRD 7022 Owner's manual

Stat Power Sensor

Model 7022

Operation Manual

by Bird Technologies, Inc.

Instruction Book Part Number 920-7022 Rev. C

Safety Precautions

Thefollowingaregeneralsafetyprecautionsthatarenot

necessarilyrelatedtoanyspecificpartorprocedure,anddo

notnecessarilyappearelsewhereinthispublication.These

precautionsmustbethoroughlyunderstoodandapplytoall

phasesofoperationandmaintenance.

WARNING

KeepAw

ayFromLiveCircuits

OperatingPersonnelmustatalltimesobservegeneral

safetyprecautions.Donotreplacecomponentsormake

adjustmentstotheinsideofthetestequipmentwiththe

highvoltagesupplyturnedon.Toavoidcasualties,always

removepower.

WARNING

ShockHaz

ard

DonotattempttoremovetheRFtransmissionlinewhile

RFpowerispresent.

WARNING

DoNo

tServiceOrAdjustAlone

Undernocircumstancesshouldanypersonreachintoan

enclosureforthepurposeofser viceoradjustmentof

equipmentexceptinthepresenceofsomeonewhois

capableofrenderingaid.

WARNING

Saf

etyEarthGround

Anuniterruptibleearthsafetygroundmustbesupplied

fromthemainpowersourcetotestinstruments.

Groundingoneconductorofatwoconductorpowercable

isnotsufficientprotection.Seriousinjuryordeathcan

occurifthisgroundingisnotproperlysupplied.

WARNING

Resuscitation

Personnelworkingwithornearhighvoltagesshouldbe

familiarwithmodernmethodsofresuscitation.

SafetyPrecautions

Safety Symbols

WARNING

Warningnotescallattentiontoaprocedure,whichifnot

correctlyperformed,couldresultinpersonalinjury.

CAUTION

utionnotescallattentiontoaprocedure,whichifnot

correctlyperformed,couldresultindamagetothe

instrument.

Note: Callsa

ttentiontosupplementalinforma‐

tion.

Warning Statements

Thefollowingsafetywarningsappearinthetextwherethere

isdangertooperatingandmaintenancepersonnel,andare

repeatedhereforemphasis.

WARNING

verattempttoconnectordisconnectRFequipmentfrom

thetransmissionlinewhileRFpowerisbeingapplied.

LeakingRFenergyisapotentialhealthhazard.

Onpage3.

StatisticalPowerSensor

iii

Safety Statements

USAGE

ANY USE OF THIS INSTRUMENT IN A MANNER NOT

SPECIFIED BY THE MANUFACTURER MAY IMPAIR

THE INSTRUMENT’S SAFETY PROTECTION.

USO

EL USO DE ESTE INSTRUMENTO DE MANERA NO

ESPECIFICADA POR EL FABRICANTE, PUEDE

ANULAR LA PROTECCIÓN DE SEGURIDAD DEL

INSTRUMENTO.

BENUTZUNG

WIRD DAS GERÄT AUF ANDERE WEISE

VERWENDET ALS VOM HERSTELLER

BESCHRIEBEN, KANN DIE GERÄTESICHERHEIT

BEEINTRÄCHTIGT WERDEN.

UTILISATION

TOUTE UTILISATION DE CET INSTRUMENT QUI

N’EST PAS EXPLICITEMENT PRÉVUE PAR LE

FABRICANT PEUT ENDOMMAGER LE DISPOSITIF DE

PROTECTION DE L’INSTRUMENT.

IMPIEGO

QUALORA QUESTO STRUMENTO VENISSE

UTILIZZATO IN MODO DIVERSO DA COME

SPECIFICATO DAL PRODUTTORE LA PROZIONE DI

SICUREZZA POTREBBE VENIRNE COMPROMESSA.

SafetyPrecautions

SERVICE

SERVICING INSTRUCTIONS ARE FOR USE BY

SERVICE - TRAINED PERSONNEL ONLY. TO AVOID

DANGEROUS ELECTRIC SHOCK, DO NOT PERFORM

ANY SERVICING UNLESS QUALIFIED TO DO SO.

SERVICIO

LAS INSTRUCCIONES DE SERVICIO SON PARA USO

EXCLUSIVO DEL PERSONAL DE SERVICIO

CAPACITADO. PARA EVITAR EL PELIGRO DE

DESCARGAS ELÉCTRICAS, NO REALICE NINGÚN

SERVICIO A MENOS QUE ESTÉ CAPACITADO PARA

HACERIO.

WARTUNG

ANWEISUNGEN FÜR DIE WARTUNG DES GERÄTES

GELTEN NUR FÜR GESCHULTES FACHPERSONAL.

ZUR VERMEIDUNG GEFÄHRLICHE, ELEKTRISCHE

SCHOCKS, SIND WARTUNGSARBEITEN

AUSSCHLIEßLICH VON QUALIFIZIERTEM

SERVICEPERSONAL DURCHZUFÜHREN.

ENTRENTIEN

L’EMPLOI DES INSTRUCTIONS D’ENTRETIEN DOIT

ÊTRE RÉSERVÉ AU PERSONNEL FORMÉ AUX

OPÉRATIONS D’ENTRETIEN. POUR PRÉVENIR UN

CHOC ÉLECTRIQUE DANGEREUX, NE PAS

EFFECTUER D’ENTRETIEN SI L’ON N’A PAS ÉTÉ

QUALIFIÉ POUR CE FAIRE.

ASSISTENZA TECNICA

LE ISTRUZIONI RELATIVE ALL’ASSISTENZA SONO

PREVISTE ESCLUSIVAMENTE PER IL PERSONALE

OPPORTUNAMENTE ADDESTRATO. PER EVITARE

PERICOLOSE SCOSSE ELETTRICHE NON

EFFETTUARRE ALCUNA RIPARAZIONE A MENO CHE

QUALIFICATI A FARLA.

StatisticalPowerSensor

About This Manual

Thismanualcoverstheoperatingandmaintenance

instructionsforthefollowingmodels:

7022-1-020201

Changes to this Manual

Wehavemadeeveryefforttoensurethismanualisaccurate.

Ifyoudiscoveranyerrors,orifyouhavesuggestionsfor

improvingthismanual,pleasesendyourcommentstoour

Solon,Ohiofactory.Thismanualmaybeperiodicallyupdated.

Wheninquiringaboutupdatestothismanualrefertothepart

numberandre

visiononthetitlepage.

Literature Contents

Chapter Layout

Introduction — DescribesthefeaturesoftheStatistical

PowerSensor.

Installation — Describeshowtoco

nnectandinstallthe

StatisticalPowerSensorintothesystemthatisbeing

monitored.

Operation — Describeshowtorunandmain

tainthe

StatisticalPowerSensor.

Specifications — Describesthebasicinf

ormation,settings,

andrangesoftheStatisticalPowerSensor.

Table of Contents

Safety Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i

SafetySymbols................................... ii

WarningStatements...........

................... ii

SafetyStatements.............................

...iii

About This Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v

ChangestothisManual............................ v

LiteratureContents ....... ......

.................. v

Chapter 1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Description ..............................

........ 1

Outline..................................... ....

Chapter 2 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Connections ..................................... 3

Chapter 3 Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

ZeroingSensor .........

.......................... 4

FunctionDescriptions................... ...

....... 5

LEDCodes....................................... 7

Updating

theSensorFirmware.... ..................  9

Chapter 4 Specifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

7022‐1‐020201Specifications.................... 

.10

Chapter 1 Introduction

Description

TheBirdStatisticalPowerSensor(SPS)isaThrulinesensor

thatcanmeasureAverage,RealTime,PeakandStatistical.Itis

usedwiththeBirdVirtualPowerMeterSoftware(VPM3)or

withtheBirdRFmeterApp.

Note: FirmwareupgradesextendingtheSPS’s

capabilitiesmaybeperiodicallyreleased.Forthe

latestfirmwareupgrade,contactBird Customer

Serviceat866‐695‐4569orvisitourwebsiteat

http://www.birdrf.com

Introduction

Outline

Figure 1 Sensor Outline

NFRFConnectors

Trigger

USB

Reset

Button

Chapter 2 Installation

Connections

WARNING

NeverattempttoconnectordisconnectRFequipmentfrom

thetransmissionlinewhileRFpowerisbeingapplied.

LeakingRFenergyisapotentialhealthhazard.

Note: ConnecttheSPStotheRFli

nesothatthe

arrowonthesensorpointstowardstheload/

antenna.

Tocon

nectusingtheUSBport,connecttheUSBcable

betweenthecomputerandtheSPS.Aseparatepowersupply

isnotrequiredwhenusingtheUSBport.

Chapter 3 Operation

Zeroing Sensor

Note: ThisproceduresusesVPM3.

1. Checktha

tnoRFisinthesystem.

Note: Thesensorwi

llread“~0.”

2. Doon

eofthefollowing:

 PresstheAmplitudemenubutton.

 GototheAmplitu de menuitem.

3. PresstheZe

romenukey .

Note: Zeroingwi

lltakeabout10seconds.A

progressbarforthecalibrationwillbedisplayed

onthescreen.

Note: Ifthec

alibratio n isinterruptedforany

reason,thesensorwill needtobere‐zeroed.

4. Press“R

un”toresumedatacollectionwiththenewZero

offset.

Figure 2 Zeroing Sensor

StatisticalPowerSensor

Function Descriptions

Figure 3 Average and Peak Envelope Power -

Square Wave Signal

Average Power

Peak Envelope Power

0 W

50 W

100 W

Average Power

Diodesand“squarelaw”outputisdirectlyproportionaltothe

averagepower,whichprovidesthemeasureoftheequivalent

heatingpowerofasignal,asmeasuredwithacalorimeter.The

measurementisthetotalRFpowerinthesystem,anddoes

notdependonthenumberofcarriersormodulationscheme.

Thest

atisticalpowersensormeasuresforwardandreflected

powersothatVSWR,returnlossorRho(reflectioncoefficient)

canbedisplayed.

Operation

Statistical Power

Mostmodernwirelesscommunicationsystemsemploy

complexmodulationmethodslikeorthogonalfrequency

divisionmultiplexing(OFDM)orQuadratureAmplitude

Modulation(QAM).Thesemethodsuseacombination

amplitude,frequency,orphasetocreatesymbolbased

multichannelormulti‐carriersystemsthatresultin

pseudorandomornoise‐likepowerenvelops.Thepeak‐to‐

average

powerratioofsuchawaveformcanbeacomplex

functionofthedatastr eamcontentratherthanjust

amplitude.Sincedigitallymodulatedsignalsoftenappear

noise‐like,statisticalanalysismaybeusedinorderto

characterizethem.

TheStatisticalPowerSensorcollectssamplesoftheenvelope

ofacarrierandaccumulatestheminaseriesofbins.This

informationisusefulforqualitativeassessmentofcomplex

waveformsthathaveafinitenumberofdiscreteamplitude

levels,likeQAM.

Amoreusefulmeasurementisonethatshowshowoften

variouspowerlevelsoccurasa percentageofdataensemble

length.Thisisdonebycalculatingthecumulativedistribution

function(CDF)fromthePDF.

 CDF‐Showstheprobabilityinpercentthatthe

measuredpowerislessthanorequaltoaspecified

powerlevel.

 ComplementaryCDF(CCDF)‐Theprobabilitythat

themeasuredpowerisgreaterthanaspecified

powerlevel.

 CrestFactor‐Peak‐to‐averageratio,orCrestFactor ,

displaysthenumberofsamplesanalyzed,elapsed

time,andconfidenceband.

StatisticalPowerSensor

Time Domain Mode

TheStatisticalPowerSensortimedomainmodeoperatesvery

muchlikeamoderndigitaloscilloscopethathasitsvertical

axisaccuratelycalibratedinpower.Timebaseandtrigger

functionsareavailabletopresentastabletimedomain

graphicthatpermitsmarkerstobesettodisplay.

 Peak(Envelope)Power

 BurstPower

 PoweratMarker

 PowerbetweenMarkers

 IIEEThirteenPulseRelatedParametric

Measurements(risetime,overshoot,falltime,etc.)

LED Codes

LED Code Condition Action

SolidRed FatalError Returnforservice.

SlowBlinkRed DeviceError Returnforservice.

FastBlinkRed StorageMedia

Error

Returnforservice.

Red/GreenSlow

Blink

CalMemoryError Returnforservice.

Red/YellowSlow

Blink

ConfigMemory

Error

Returnforservice.

SolidGreen Ready Deviceisreadyto

executecommands.

Operation

SolidBlue LoadingFPGA Normallydisplaysfor

lessthan30seconds

whensensorisstarted.

Otherwisereturnfor

service.

FastBlinkingBlue FPGASelfTest

Failed

Returnforservice.

Blue/WhiteSlow

Blink

FPGAProgInit

Error

Returnforservice.

Blue/RedSlowBlink FailedtoLoad

FPGA

Updatethefirmware,

see

"Updatingthe

SensorFirmware"on

page 9

.

Ifproblempersists,

returnforservice.

Blue/MagentaSlow

Blink

FPGARegister

Failure

Returnforservice

SlowBlinkYellow ExecutionError Invalidcommandor

parametervalue.



Cyclepower.

FastBlinkMagenta Insufficient

Memory

Sensoriswaitingfora

firmwareupdate.See

"UpdatingtheSensor 

Firmware"onpa ge9

.

Ifanupdateisnot

desired,disconnectthen

reconnecttheUSB

cable.Ensurethebutton

isnotpressed.

LED Code Condition Action

StatisticalPowerSensor

Updating the Sensor Firmware

1. Gotohttp://www.birdrf.com/

2. Downloadnewversionoffirmware.

3. ConnectthesensortoaPCviatheUSBcab le.

4. PressandholdtheResetbutton.

Note: Thiswillswitchthesensortobootloader

mode.

Note: Thefirmware/FPGAversiontobe

updatedtothesensorwillshowinthe“Update

Version”field.

5. Clickthe“Details”buttontodisplaydetailmessageinthe

messagescreen.

6. Clickthe“Update”buttonwillstarttoupdateintheorder

firmwarefirstthenFPGA.

Note: Theprogressbarwillindicatetheprog‐

ress.

Note: Rightafterthefirmwareupdatefinishes

itexpectsalongtimedelaybeforeupdating

FPGAasthesensorwillrestartandreloadFPGA.

Itmaytakemorethan3minstofinishFPGA

updatedependingonthesizeofFPGAimage.

Note: RightafterFPGAcompleting,thesensor

versionnumberwillbereadbackandshowin

the“SensorVersion”fieldtoreplace“Unavail

‐

able”tocompleteentireupdate.

7. ClosetheApplication.

8. DisconnectthesensorfromthePC.

Chapter 4 Specifications

7022-1-020201 Specifications

Sensor Characteristics

FrequencyRange 350MHzto6GHz

RFPo

werRange 0.025Wto500Waverage,1500Wpeak

MaximumPo

wer See

"Max.Peak Po we r " onpage12

Impedance,Nominal 50ohms

InsertionLoss,Ma

x 0.05

InputVSWR

,Max 1.065,350to2500MHz

1.12,2

500to6000MHz

Directivity,Min ‐30dB,350to1000MHz

‐28d

B,1000to6000MHz

RFConn

ectors NFemale

Interface USB2.0Ty

peB

PowerSupply:

USBPo

rt

DCConn

ector



Lessthanonehigh‐po

werUSBload

7–18VDC

,<500mA

DataLog

ging InVPM3Software

Average Power

RFPowerRange 0.25–500W

Peak/AverageRatio

,Max 12dB

MeasurementAccur

acy. ±3MHzwithCWsignals

StatisticalPowerSensor

Statistical Power

MeasurementRange:

ReturnLoss

Rho(

)

VSWR



0to23dB

0.07to0.

999

1.15to99.9

ForwardPo

wer,Min .5W

MeasurementAc

curacy See

Figure4onpa ge11

Figure 4 Match Measure Uncertainty

-6

-4

-2

-25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0

Uncertainty(dB)

Return Loss

Above

3GHz+

Above

3GHz-

Below

3GHz+

Below

3GHz-

Time Domain

RFPowerRange 4.0–400W

a. Max. power depends on frequency and system

VSWR. See

Figure5onpage12

MeasurementAccuracy.:

burstwi

dth>200µs

1µs<b.

w.<200µs

burstwi

dth<1µs

burstwi

dth<0.5µs



±(7%ofreading+0.2W)

b. Above 35 °C or below 15 °C add 3%

For D < 0.1 add 0.1 W

For period > 0.1s add (1.5% + 0.15 W)



±(10%ofre

ading+0.4W)

b

±(15%ofreading+0.4W)

b

±(20%ofreading+0.4W)

MinimumPulseWidth: 400ns

Specifications

Figure 5 Max. Peak Power

100

1000

10000

0.1 1 10

Frequency (GHz)

Power (Watts)

VSWR=1

VSWR=1.5

VSWR=3

Physical and Environmental Specifications

Temp,Operating –10to+50°C(+14to+122°F)

Temp,St

orage –40to+80°C(–40to+176°F)

MechanicalShockan

d

Vibration

IAWMIL‐PRF‐28800Fclass3

Humidity,Max 95%(n

on‐condensing)

Altitude,Ma

x 15,000ft.(4,500m)

Dimensions,Nominal 3.79”x5.36”x1.24”

(96x163x37

.7cm)

Weight,Ma

x 1.5lb.(0.68kg)

CEMark Compliant

RoHS Compliant

EMC EMCDi

rective(2004/108/EC)

EuropeanSt

andard:EN61326—

ElectricalEquipmentformeasurement,

controlandlaboratoryuse.

5.36”

3.79”

1.24”

Front

Back

StatisticalPowerSensor

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