Dell PowerSwitch S4820T User guide

Dell Conguration Guide for the S4820T System

9.10(0.0)

Notes, cautions, and warnings

NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your computer.

CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the problem.

WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.

trademarks of Dell Inc. in the United States and/or other jurisdictions. All other marks and names mentioned herein may be trademarks of their respective

companies.

2016 - 04

Rev. A00

Contents

1 About this Guide...........................................................................................................................................32

Audience............................................................................................................................................................................32

Conventions......................................................................................................................................................................32

Related Documents......................................................................................................................................................... 32

2 Conguration Fundamentals........................................................................................................................ 33

Accessing the Command Line........................................................................................................................................33

CLI Modes.........................................................................................................................................................................33

Navigating CLI Modes...............................................................................................................................................35

The do Command.............................................................................................................................................................37

Undoing Commands........................................................................................................................................................ 38

Obtaining Help..................................................................................................................................................................38

Entering and Editing Commands....................................................................................................................................39

Command History............................................................................................................................................................40

Filtering show Command Outputs.................................................................................................................................40

Example of the grep Keyword.................................................................................................................................. 40

Multiple Users in Conguration Mode............................................................................................................................41

3 Getting Started............................................................................................................................................42

Console Access................................................................................................................................................................ 43

Serial Console............................................................................................................................................................. 43

Accessing the CLI Interface and Running Scripts Using SSH....................................................................................44

Entering CLI commands Using an SSH Connection..............................................................................................44

Executing Local CLI Scripts Using an SSH Connection........................................................................................44

Default Conguration...................................................................................................................................................... 45

Conguring a Host Name............................................................................................................................................... 45

Accessing the System Remotely....................................................................................................................................45

Accessing the System Remotely..............................................................................................................................45

Congure the Management Port IP Address.........................................................................................................45

Congure a Management Route..............................................................................................................................46

Conguring a Username and Password.................................................................................................................. 46

Conguring the Enable Password..................................................................................................................................46

Conguration File Management..................................................................................................................................... 47

Copy Files to and from the System......................................................................................................................... 47

Mounting an NFS File System..................................................................................................................................48

Save the Running-Conguration..............................................................................................................................49

Congure the Overload Bit for a Startup Scenario............................................................................................... 50

Viewing Files...............................................................................................................................................................50

Managing the File System............................................................................................................................................... 51

Enabling Software Features on Devices Using a Command Option.......................................................................... 51

View Command History.................................................................................................................................................. 52

Upgrading Dell Networking OS...................................................................................................................................... 52

Using HTTP for File Transfers........................................................................................................................................ 52

Contents

3

Verify Software Images Before Installation...................................................................................................................53

4 Management............................................................................................................................................... 55

Conguring Privilege Levels........................................................................................................................................... 55

Creating a Custom Privilege Level...........................................................................................................................55

Removing a Command from EXEC Mode.............................................................................................................. 56

Moving a Command from EXEC Privilege Mode to EXEC Mode....................................................................... 56

Allowing Access to CONFIGURATION Mode Commands....................................................................................56

Allowing Access to Dierent Modes........................................................................................................................56

Applying a Privilege Level to a Username............................................................................................................... 58

Applying a Privilege Level to a Terminal Line.......................................................................................................... 58

Conguring Logging........................................................................................................................................................ 58

Audit and Security Logs............................................................................................................................................ 59

Conguring Logging Format ...................................................................................................................................60

Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration...................................................................................61

Setting Up a Secure Connection to a Syslog Server............................................................................................. 61

Log Messages in the Internal Buer..............................................................................................................................63

Conguration Task List for System Log Management.......................................................................................... 63

Disabling System Logging............................................................................................................................................... 63

Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server............................................................................................................ 63

Conguring a UNIX System as a Syslog Server.....................................................................................................63

Track Login Activity......................................................................................................................................................... 64

Restrictions for Tracking Login Activity...................................................................................................................64

Conguring Login Activity Tracking......................................................................................................................... 64

Display Login Statistics..............................................................................................................................................65

Limit Concurrent Login Sessions....................................................................................................................................66

Restrictions for Limiting the Number of Concurrent Sessions............................................................................ 66

Conguring Concurrent Session Limit.....................................................................................................................66

Enabling the System to Clear Existing Sessions.................................................................................................... 67

Changing System Logging Settings...............................................................................................................................67

Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration........................................................................................68

Conguring a UNIX Logging Facility Level....................................................................................................................69

Synchronizing Log Messages......................................................................................................................................... 70

Enabling Timestamp on Syslog Messages.................................................................................................................... 70

File Transfer Services....................................................................................................................................................... 71

Conguration Task List for File Transfer Services...................................................................................................71

Enabling the FTP Server............................................................................................................................................71

Conguring FTP Server Parameters........................................................................................................................72

Conguring FTP Client Parameters......................................................................................................................... 72

Terminal Lines................................................................................................................................................................... 73

Denying and Permitting Access to a Terminal Line................................................................................................ 73

Conguring Login Authentication for Terminal Lines............................................................................................. 74

Setting Timeout for EXEC Privilege Mode................................................................................................................... 75

Using Telnet to get to Another Network Device..........................................................................................................75

Lock CONFIGURATION Mode....................................................................................................................................... 76

Viewing the Conguration Lock Status...................................................................................................................76

Recovering from a Forgotten Password....................................................................................................................... 76

4

Contents

Recovering from a Forgotten Enable Password.....................................................................................................77

Recovering from a Failed Start.......................................................................................................................................78

Restoring the Factory Default Settings.........................................................................................................................78

Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................79

Restoring Factory Default Environment Variables................................................................................................. 79

5 802.1X.......................................................................................................................................................... 81

Port-Authentication Process..........................................................................................................................................83

EAP over RADIUS......................................................................................................................................................84

Conguring 802.1X...........................................................................................................................................................84

Related Conguration Tasks..................................................................................................................................... 84

Important Points to Remember......................................................................................................................................84

Enabling 802.1X................................................................................................................................................................ 85

Conguring MAC addresses for a do1x Prole.............................................................................................................86

Conguring Request Identity Re-Transmissions........................................................................................................... 87

Conguring a Quiet Period after a Failed Authentication......................................................................................87

Forcibly Authorizing or Unauthorizing a Port............................................................................................................... 88

Re-Authenticating a Port................................................................................................................................................89

Conguring Timeouts......................................................................................................................................................90

Conguring Dynamic VLAN Assignment with Port Authentication........................................................................... 91

Guest and Authentication-Fail VLANs.......................................................................................................................... 92

Conguring a Guest VLAN....................................................................................................................................... 92

Conguring an Authentication-Fail VLAN...............................................................................................................92

Conguring dot1x Prole ................................................................................................................................................93

Conguring the Static MAB and MAB Prole .............................................................................................................94

Conguring Critical VLAN ..............................................................................................................................................94

6 Access Control List (ACL) VLAN Groups and Content Addressable Memory (CAM)....................................96

Optimizing CAM Utilization During the Attachment of ACLs to VLANs...................................................................96

Guidelines for Conguring ACL VLAN Groups............................................................................................................. 97

Conguring ACL VLAN Groups and Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters................................................ 97

Conguring ACL VLAN Groups................................................................................................................................ 97

Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters........................................................................................................ 98

Viewing CAM Usage........................................................................................................................................................99

Allocating FP Blocks for VLAN Processes.................................................................................................................. 100

7 Access Control Lists (ACLs)........................................................................................................................101

IP Access Control Lists (ACLs).....................................................................................................................................102

CAM Usage...............................................................................................................................................................102

Implementing ACLs on Dell Networking OS..........................................................................................................103

IP Fragment Handling.................................................................................................................................................... 105

IP Fragments ACL Examples...................................................................................................................................105

Layer 4 ACL Rules Examples.................................................................................................................................. 105

Congure a Standard IP ACL........................................................................................................................................106

Conguring a Standard IP ACL Filter..................................................................................................................... 107

Congure an Extended IP ACL.....................................................................................................................................108

Conguring Filters with a Sequence Number.......................................................................................................108

Contents

5

Conguring Filters Without a Sequence Number................................................................................................ 109

Congure Layer 2 and Layer 3 ACLs............................................................................................................................ 110

Assign an IP ACL to an Interface...................................................................................................................................110

Applying an IP ACL.......................................................................................................................................................... 111

Counting ACL Hits..................................................................................................................................................... 111

Congure Ingress ACLs.................................................................................................................................................. 112

Congure Egress ACLs...................................................................................................................................................112

Applying Egress Layer 3 ACLs (Control-Plane)..................................................................................................... 113

IP Prex Lists................................................................................................................................................................... 113

Implementation Information..................................................................................................................................... 114

Conguration Task List for Prex Lists...................................................................................................................114

ACL Resequencing.......................................................................................................................................................... 117

Resequencing an ACL or Prex List........................................................................................................................118

Route Maps......................................................................................................................................................................119

Implementation Information..................................................................................................................................... 119

Important Points to Remember.....................................................................................................................................119

Conguration Task List for Route Maps................................................................................................................ 120

Conguring Match Routes...................................................................................................................................... 122

Conguring Set Conditions..................................................................................................................................... 123

Congure a Route Map for Route Redistribution.................................................................................................124

Congure a Route Map for Route Tagging............................................................................................................124

Continue Clause........................................................................................................................................................125

Logging of ACL Processes............................................................................................................................................ 125

Guidelines for Conguring ACL Logging................................................................................................................126

Conguring ACL Logging.........................................................................................................................................126

Flow-Based Monitoring Support for ACLs.................................................................................................................. 127

Behavior of Flow-Based Monitoring.......................................................................................................................127

Enabling Flow-Based Monitoring............................................................................................................................128

8 Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD).................................................................................................. 130

How BFD Works............................................................................................................................................................. 130

BFD Packet Format...................................................................................................................................................131

BFD Sessions............................................................................................................................................................ 132

BFD Three-Way Handshake.................................................................................................................................... 133

Session State Changes............................................................................................................................................135

Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................................... 135

Congure BFD................................................................................................................................................................ 135

Congure BFD for Physical Ports...........................................................................................................................136

Congure BFD for Static Routes............................................................................................................................139

Congure BFD for OSPF..........................................................................................................................................141

Congure BFD for OSPFv3.....................................................................................................................................143

Congure BFD for IS-IS...........................................................................................................................................145

Congure BFD for BGP........................................................................................................................................... 147

Congure BFD for VRRP.........................................................................................................................................154

Conguring Protocol Liveness................................................................................................................................156

Troubleshooting BFD................................................................................................................................................156

6

Contents

9 Border Gateway Protocol IPv4 (BGPv4).................................................................................................... 158

Autonomous Systems (AS)...........................................................................................................................................158

Sessions and Peers........................................................................................................................................................ 160

Establish a Session...................................................................................................................................................160

Route Reectors............................................................................................................................................................. 161

BGP Attributes................................................................................................................................................................162

Best Path Selection Criteria....................................................................................................................................162

Weight........................................................................................................................................................................164

Local Preference.......................................................................................................................................................164

Multi-Exit Discriminators (MEDs)...........................................................................................................................165

Origin..........................................................................................................................................................................166

AS Path......................................................................................................................................................................166

Next Hop................................................................................................................................................................... 167

Multiprotocol BGP.......................................................................................................................................................... 167

Implement BGP with Dell Networking OS...................................................................................................................168

Additional Path (Add-Path) Support......................................................................................................................168

Advertise IGP Cost as MED for Redistributed Routes........................................................................................ 168

Ignore Router-ID in Best-Path Calculation............................................................................................................ 169

Four-Byte AS Numbers........................................................................................................................................... 169

AS4 Number Representation.................................................................................................................................. 169

AS Number Migration............................................................................................................................................... 171

BGP4 Management Information Base (MIB)........................................................................................................172

Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 172

Conguration Information..............................................................................................................................................173

BGP Conguration..........................................................................................................................................................173

Enabling BGP.............................................................................................................................................................174

Conguring AS4 Number Representations............................................................................................................177

Conguring Peer Groups......................................................................................................................................... 178

Conguring BGP Fast Fall-Over..............................................................................................................................181

Conguring Passive Peering................................................................................................................................... 182

Maintaining Existing AS Numbers During an AS Migration................................................................................. 183

Allowing an AS Number to Appear in its Own AS Path....................................................................................... 184

Enabling Graceful Restart....................................................................................................................................... 185

Enabling Neighbor Graceful Restart...................................................................................................................... 186

Filtering on an AS-Path Attribute........................................................................................................................... 186

Regular Expressions as Filters................................................................................................................................. 187

Redistributing Routes...............................................................................................................................................189

Enabling Additional Paths........................................................................................................................................ 189

Conguring IP Community Lists.............................................................................................................................190

Conguring an IP Extended Community List.........................................................................................................191

Filtering Routes with Community Lists.................................................................................................................. 192

Manipulating the COMMUNITY Attribute.............................................................................................................192

Changing MED Attributes....................................................................................................................................... 194

Changing the LOCAL_PREFERENCE Attribute.................................................................................................. 194

Changing the NEXT_HOP Attribute......................................................................................................................195

Changing the WEIGHT Attribute............................................................................................................................195

Contents

7

Enabling Multipath....................................................................................................................................................196

Filtering BGP Routes................................................................................................................................................196

Filtering BGP Routes Using Route Maps...............................................................................................................197

Filtering BGP Routes Using AS-PATH Information.............................................................................................. 198

Conguring BGP Route Reectors........................................................................................................................ 198

Aggregating Routes..................................................................................................................................................199

Conguring BGP Confederations........................................................................................................................... 199

Enabling Route Flap Dampening............................................................................................................................ 200

Changing BGP Timers.............................................................................................................................................202

Enabling BGP Neighbor Soft-Reconguration.....................................................................................................203

Route Map Continue............................................................................................................................................... 204

Enabling MBGP Congurations................................................................................................................................... 204

BGP Regular Expression Optimization........................................................................................................................205

Debugging BGP............................................................................................................................................................. 205

Storing Last and Bad PDUs....................................................................................................................................206

Capturing PDUs....................................................................................................................................................... 207

PDU Counters.......................................................................................................................................................... 208

Sample Congurations.................................................................................................................................................. 208

10 Content Addressable Memory (CAM)....................................................................................................... 214

CAM Allocation............................................................................................................................................................... 214

Test CAM Usage.............................................................................................................................................................216

View CAM Proles..........................................................................................................................................................216

View CAM-ACL Settings............................................................................................................................................... 217

View CAM Usage............................................................................................................................................................218

CAM Optimization.......................................................................................................................................................... 219

Troubleshoot CAM Proling.......................................................................................................................................... 219

CAM Prole Mismatches.........................................................................................................................................219

QoS CAM Region Limitation................................................................................................................................... 219

11 Control Plane Policing (CoPP).................................................................................................................. 220

Congure Control Plane Policing.................................................................................................................................. 221

Conguring CoPP for Protocols............................................................................................................................ 222

Conguring CoPP for CPU Queues...................................................................................................................... 224

CoPP for OSPFv3 Packets.....................................................................................................................................225

Conguring CoPP for OSPFv3...............................................................................................................................227

Displaying CoPP Conguration ............................................................................................................................. 228

12 Data Center Bridging (DCB)..................................................................................................................... 230

Ethernet Enhancements in Data Center Bridging..................................................................................................... 230

Priority-Based Flow Control.................................................................................................................................... 231

Enhanced Transmission Selection..........................................................................................................................232

Data Center Bridging Exchange Protocol (DCBx)...............................................................................................233

Data Center Bridging in a Trac Flow...................................................................................................................234

Enabling Data Center Bridging..................................................................................................................................... 234

DCB Maps and its Attributes..................................................................................................................................235

Data Center Bridging: Default Conguration..............................................................................................................236

8

Contents

Conguring Priority-Based Flow Control.................................................................................................................... 236

Conguring Lossless Queues..................................................................................................................................237

Conguring PFC in a DCB Map................................................................................................................................... 238

PFC Conguration Notes........................................................................................................................................238

PFC Prerequisites and Restrictions.......................................................................................................................239

Applying a DCB Map on a Port.................................................................................................................................... 239

Conguring PFC without a DCB Map.........................................................................................................................240

Conguring Lossless QueuesExample:..................................................................................................................240

Priority-Based Flow Control Using Dynamic Buer Method.................................................................................... 241

Pause and Resume of Trac...................................................................................................................................241

Buer Sizes for Lossless or PFC Packets.............................................................................................................242

Behavior of Tagged Packets.........................................................................................................................................242

Conguration Example for DSCP and PFC Priorities................................................................................................243

Using PFC to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac...................................................................................................243

Congure Enhanced Transmission Selection..............................................................................................................244

ETS Prerequisites and Restrictions........................................................................................................................244

Creating an ETS Priority Group..............................................................................................................................244

ETS Operation with DCBx...................................................................................................................................... 245

Conguring Bandwidth Allocation for DCBx CIN.................................................................................................246

Conguring ETS in a DCB Map..............................................................................................................................246

Hierarchical Scheduling in ETS Output Policies......................................................................................................... 248

Using ETS to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac...................................................................................................248

Applying DCB Policies in a Switch Stack.................................................................................................................... 248

Congure a DCBx Operation........................................................................................................................................248

DCBx Operation....................................................................................................................................................... 249

DCBx Port Roles...................................................................................................................................................... 249

DCB Conguration Exchange................................................................................................................................ 250

Conguration Source Election................................................................................................................................ 251

Propagation of DCB Information............................................................................................................................ 251

Auto-Detection and Manual Conguration of the DCBx Version....................................................................... 251

DCBx Example..........................................................................................................................................................252

DCBx Prerequisites and Restrictions.....................................................................................................................252

Conguring DCBx....................................................................................................................................................253

Verifying the DCB Conguration................................................................................................................................. 256

Sample DCB Conguration...........................................................................................................................................264

PFC and ETS Conguration Command Examples...............................................................................................266

QoS dot1p Trac Classication and Queue Assignment..........................................................................................266

Conguring the Dynamic Buer Method....................................................................................................................267

13 Dynamic Host Conguration Protocol (DHCP)......................................................................................... 269

DHCP Packet Format and Options............................................................................................................................. 269

Assign an IP Address using DHCP................................................................................................................................271

Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................272

Congure the System to be a DHCP Server..............................................................................................................272

Conguring the Server for Automatic Address Allocation.................................................................................. 273

Specifying a Default Gateway.................................................................................................................................274

Congure a Method of Hostname Resolution......................................................................................................274

Contents

9

Using DNS for Address Resolution........................................................................................................................ 274

Using NetBIOS WINS for Address Resolution......................................................................................................275

Creating Manual Binding Entries............................................................................................................................275

Debugging the DHCP Server................................................................................................................................. 275

Using DHCP Clear Commands...............................................................................................................................276

Congure the System to be a Relay Agent.................................................................................................................276

Congure the System to be a DHCP Client................................................................................................................277

DHCP Client Operation with Other Features....................................................................................................... 278

DHCP Client on a Management Interface............................................................................................................ 279

Congure the System for User Port Stacking (Option 230)....................................................................................279

Congure Secure DHCP............................................................................................................................................... 280

Option 82..................................................................................................................................................................280

DHCP Snooping........................................................................................................................................................281

Conguring the DHCP secondary-subnet............................................................................................................284

Drop DHCP Packets on Snooped VLANs Only....................................................................................................284

Dynamic ARP Inspection........................................................................................................................................ 285

Conguring Dynamic ARP Inspection................................................................................................................... 286

Source Address Validation.............................................................................................................................................287

Enabling IP Source Address Validation.................................................................................................................. 287

DHCP MAC Source Address Validation................................................................................................................ 288

Enabling IP+MAC Source Address Validation.......................................................................................................288

Viewing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets....................................................................................................289

Clearing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets...................................................................................................289

14 Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP)................................................................................................................ 290

ECMP for Flow-Based Anity.....................................................................................................................................290

Conguring the Hash Algorithm............................................................................................................................ 290

Enabling Deterministic ECMP Next Hop.............................................................................................................. 290

Conguring the Hash Algorithm Seed................................................................................................................... 291

Link Bundle Monitoring.................................................................................................................................................. 291

Managing ECMP Group Paths...............................................................................................................................292

Creating an ECMP Group Bundle.......................................................................................................................... 292

Modifying the ECMP Group Threshold.................................................................................................................292

RTAG7.............................................................................................................................................................................293

Flow-based Hashing for ECMP................................................................................................................................... 294

15 FIP Snooping............................................................................................................................................ 297

Fibre Channel over Ethernet........................................................................................................................................ 297

Ensure Robustness in a Converged Ethernet Network............................................................................................ 297

FIP Snooping on Ethernet Bridges..............................................................................................................................299

FIP Snooping in a Switch Stack...................................................................................................................................300

Using FIP Snooping........................................................................................................................................................301

FIP Snooping Prerequisites..................................................................................................................................... 301

Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 301

Enabling the FCoE Transit Feature........................................................................................................................302

Enable FIP Snooping on VLANs.............................................................................................................................302

Congure the FC-MAP Value................................................................................................................................ 303

10

Contents

Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-Bridge Link.......................................................................................................303

Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-FCF Link...........................................................................................................303

Impact on Other Software Features..................................................................................................................... 303

FIP Snooping Restrictions...................................................................................................................................... 304

Conguring FIP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................304

Displaying FIP Snooping Information...........................................................................................................................305

FCoE Transit Conguration Example........................................................................................................................... 310

16 FIPS Cryptography................................................................................................................................... 312

Conguration Tasks........................................................................................................................................................312

Preparing the System.................................................................................................................................................... 312

Enabling FIPS Mode.......................................................................................................................................................313

Generating Host-Keys....................................................................................................................................................313

Monitoring FIPS Mode Status...................................................................................................................................... 313

Disabling FIPS Mode...................................................................................................................................................... 314

17 Force10 Resilient Ring Protocol (FRRP)....................................................................................................315

Protocol Overview..........................................................................................................................................................315

Ring Status................................................................................................................................................................316

Multiple FRRP Rings................................................................................................................................................ 316

Important FRRP Points............................................................................................................................................317

Important FRRP Concepts......................................................................................................................................318

Implementing FRRP....................................................................................................................................................... 319

FRRP Conguration....................................................................................................................................................... 319

Creating the FRRP Group....................................................................................................................................... 319

Conguring the Control VLAN................................................................................................................................319

Conguring and Adding the Member VLANs.......................................................................................................320

Setting the FRRP Timers.........................................................................................................................................321

Clearing the FRRP Counters.................................................................................................................................. 322

Viewing the FRRP Conguration...........................................................................................................................322

Viewing the FRRP Information...............................................................................................................................322

Troubleshooting FRRP.................................................................................................................................................. 322

Conguration Checks..............................................................................................................................................322

Sample Conguration and Topology............................................................................................................................323

18 GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP)..............................................................................................325

Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................... 325

Congure GVRP............................................................................................................................................................ 326

Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................326

Enabling GVRP Globally................................................................................................................................................ 326

Enabling GVRP on a Layer 2 Interface........................................................................................................................ 327

Congure GVRP Registration.......................................................................................................................................327

Congure a GARP Timer.............................................................................................................................................. 328

RPM Redundancy..........................................................................................................................................................328

19 High Availability (HA)............................................................................................................................... 329

Component Redundancy.............................................................................................................................................. 329

Contents

11

RPM Redundancy....................................................................................................................................................329

Automatic and Manual Stack Unit Failover........................................................................................................... 331

Support for RPM Redundancy by Dell Networking OS Version........................................................................ 332

Synchronization between Management and Standby Units.............................................................................. 332

Conguring RPM Redundancy...............................................................................................................................332

Online Insertion and Removal.......................................................................................................................................333

RPM Online Insertion and Removal.......................................................................................................................334

Linecard Online Insertion and Removal................................................................................................................. 334

Hitless Behavior............................................................................................................................................................. 335

Graceful Restart.............................................................................................................................................................336

Software Resiliency....................................................................................................................................................... 336

Software Component Health Monitoring............................................................................................................. 336

System Health Monitoring......................................................................................................................................336

Failure and Event Logging.......................................................................................................................................336

Hot-Lock Behavior.........................................................................................................................................................337

Process Restartability....................................................................................................................................................337

Enabling Process Restartability..............................................................................................................................338

20 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP).........................................................................................339

IGMP Implementation Information.............................................................................................................................. 339

IGMP Protocol Overview..............................................................................................................................................339

IGMP Version 2........................................................................................................................................................ 339

IGMP Version 3.........................................................................................................................................................341

Congure IGMP............................................................................................................................................................. 343

Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................344

Viewing IGMP Enabled Interfaces............................................................................................................................... 344

Selecting an IGMP Version........................................................................................................................................... 344

Viewing IGMP Groups...................................................................................................................................................345

Adjusting Timers............................................................................................................................................................ 345

Adjusting Query and Response Timers................................................................................................................. 345

Enabling IGMP Immediate-Leave.................................................................................................................................346

IGMP Snooping..............................................................................................................................................................346

IGMP Snooping Implementation Information....................................................................................................... 346

Conguring IGMP Snooping...................................................................................................................................346

Removing a Group-Port Association..................................................................................................................... 347

Disabling Multicast Flooding................................................................................................................................... 347

Specifying a Port as Connected to a Multicast Router...................................................................................... 348

Conguring the Switch as Querier........................................................................................................................ 348

Fast Convergence after MSTP Topology Changes...................................................................................................349

Egress Interface Selection (EIS) for HTTP and IGMP Applications........................................................................349

Protocol Separation.................................................................................................................................................349

Enabling and Disabling Management Egress Interface Selection......................................................................350

Handling of Management Route Conguration.................................................................................................... 351

Handling of Switch-Initiated Trac....................................................................................................................... 352

Handling of Switch-Destined Trac......................................................................................................................352

Handling of Transit Trac (Trac Separation).................................................................................................... 353

Mapping of Management Applications and Trac Type.....................................................................................353

12

Contents

Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Initiated Trac ............................................................................ 354

Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Destined Trac .......................................................................... 355

Interworking of EIS With Various Applications.....................................................................................................356

Designating a Multicast Router Interface...................................................................................................................356

21 Interfaces................................................................................................................................................. 357

Basic Interface Conguration....................................................................................................................................... 357

Advanced Interface Conguration...............................................................................................................................357

Interface Types...............................................................................................................................................................358

View Basic Interface Information.................................................................................................................................358

Resetting an Interface to its Factory Default State...................................................................................................360

Enabling a Physical Interface........................................................................................................................................360

Physical Interfaces......................................................................................................................................................... 361

Conguration Task List for Physical Interfaces.....................................................................................................361

Overview of Layer Modes....................................................................................................................................... 361

Conguring Layer 2 (Data Link) Mode..................................................................................................................362

Conguring Layer 2 (Interface) Mode.................................................................................................................. 362

Conguring Layer 3 (Network) Mode...................................................................................................................362

Conguring Layer 3 (Interface) Mode.................................................................................................................. 363

Egress Interface Selection (EIS)..................................................................................................................................364

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 364

Conguring EIS........................................................................................................................................................ 364

Management Interfaces................................................................................................................................................364

Conguring Management Interfaces.....................................................................................................................364

Conguring a Management Interface on an Ethernet Port............................................................................... 366

VLAN Interfaces.............................................................................................................................................................367

Loopback Interfaces...................................................................................................................................................... 367

Null Interfaces................................................................................................................................................................ 368

Port Channel Interfaces................................................................................................................................................ 368

Port Channel Denition and Standards.................................................................................................................368

Port Channel Benets.............................................................................................................................................368

Port Channel Implementation.................................................................................................................................369

Interfaces in Port Channels.................................................................................................................................... 369

Conguration Tasks for Port Channel Interfaces.................................................................................................369

Creating a Port Channel..........................................................................................................................................370

Adding a Physical Interface to a Port Channel.....................................................................................................370

Reassigning an Interface to a New Port Channel................................................................................................ 372

Conguring the Minimum Oper Up Links in a Port Channel...............................................................................372

Adding or Removing a Port Channel from a VLAN..............................................................................................373

Assigning an IP Address to a Port Channel...........................................................................................................374

Deleting or Disabling a Port Channel..................................................................................................................... 374

Load Balancing Through Port Channels................................................................................................................ 374

Changing the Hash Algorithm................................................................................................................................ 375

Bulk Conguration..........................................................................................................................................................376

Interface Range........................................................................................................................................................376

Bulk Conguration Examples..................................................................................................................................376

Dening Interface Range Macros.................................................................................................................................377

Contents

13

Dene the Interface Range.....................................................................................................................................378

Choosing an Interface-Range Macro.................................................................................................................... 378

Monitoring and Maintaining Interfaces........................................................................................................................378

Maintenance Using TDR......................................................................................................................................... 379

Splitting QSFP Ports to SFP+ Ports........................................................................................................................... 380

Converting a QSFP or QSFP+ Port to an SFP or SFP+ Port..................................................................................380

Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 381

Example Scenarios................................................................................................................................................... 381

Conguring wavelength for 10–Gigabit SFP+ optics................................................................................................384

Link Dampening..............................................................................................................................................................385

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 385

Enabling Link Dampening........................................................................................................................................385

Link Bundle Monitoring..................................................................................................................................................387

Using Ethernet Pause Frames for Flow Control.........................................................................................................387

Enabling Pause Frames........................................................................................................................................... 388

Congure the MTU Size on an Interface....................................................................................................................388

Port-Pipes.......................................................................................................................................................................389

Auto-Negotiation on Ethernet Interfaces...................................................................................................................389

Setting the Speed and Duplex Mode of Ethernet Interfaces.............................................................................390

Set Auto-Negotiation Options................................................................................................................................ 391

View Advanced Interface Information.........................................................................................................................392

Conguring the Interface Sampling Size.............................................................................................................. 392

Dynamic Counters......................................................................................................................................................... 393

Clearing Interface Counters....................................................................................................................................393

Compressing Conguration Files................................................................................................................................. 394

22 Internet Protocol Security (IPSec).......................................................................................................... 398

Conguring IPSec .........................................................................................................................................................398

23 IPv4 Routing............................................................................................................................................400

IP Addresses....................................................................................................................................................................401

Implementation Information.................................................................................................................................... 401

Conguration Tasks for IP Addresses.......................................................................................................................... 401

Assigning IP Addresses to an Interface....................................................................................................................... 401

Conguring Static Routes.............................................................................................................................................402

Congure Static Routes for the Management Interface..........................................................................................403

IPv4 Path MTU Discovery Overview.......................................................................................................................... 403

Using the Congured Source IP Address in ICMP Messages..................................................................................404

Conguring the ICMP Source Interface............................................................................................................... 404

Conguring the Duration to Establish a TCP Connection........................................................................................ 404

Enabling Directed Broadcast........................................................................................................................................405

Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................................................405

Enabling Dynamic Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................405

Specifying the Local System Domain and a List of Domains................................................................................... 406

Conguring DNS with Traceroute............................................................................................................................... 406

ARP..................................................................................................................................................................................407

Conguration Tasks for ARP........................................................................................................................................ 407

14

Contents

Conguring Static ARP Entries....................................................................................................................................408

Enabling Proxy ARP.......................................................................................................................................................408

Clearing ARP Cache......................................................................................................................................................408

ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP............................................................................................................................... 409

Enabling ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................409

ARP Learning via ARP Request................................................................................................................................... 409

Conguring ARP Retries................................................................................................................................................410

ICMP................................................................................................................................................................................ 410

Conguration Tasks for ICMP........................................................................................................................................411

Enabling ICMP Unreachable Messages........................................................................................................................411

UDP Helper...................................................................................................................................................................... 411

Congure UDP Helper.............................................................................................................................................. 411

Important Points to Remember...............................................................................................................................411

Enabling UDP Helper...................................................................................................................................................... 411

Conguring a Broadcast Address................................................................................................................................. 412

Congurations Using UDP Helper................................................................................................................................ 412

UDP Helper with Broadcast-All Addresses..................................................................................................................413

UDP Helper with Subnet Broadcast Addresses..........................................................................................................413

UDP Helper with Congured Broadcast Addresses...................................................................................................414

UDP Helper with No Congured Broadcast Addresses.............................................................................................414

Troubleshooting UDP Helper.........................................................................................................................................415

24 IPv6 Routing.............................................................................................................................................416

Protocol Overview..........................................................................................................................................................416

Extended Address Space.........................................................................................................................................417

Stateless Autoconguration.................................................................................................................................... 417

IPv6 Headers.............................................................................................................................................................417

IPv6 Header Fields................................................................................................................................................... 418

Extension Header Fields..........................................................................................................................................420

Addressing................................................................................................................................................................. 421

Implementing IPv6 with Dell Networking OS............................................................................................................. 422

ICMPv6........................................................................................................................................................................... 423

Path MTU Discovery..................................................................................................................................................... 424

IPv6 Neighbor Discovery.............................................................................................................................................. 424

IPv6 Neighbor Discovery of MTU Packets...........................................................................................................425

Conguration Task List for IPv6 RDNSS.................................................................................................................... 425

Conguring the IPv6 Recursive DNS Server....................................................................................................... 425

Debugging IPv6 RDNSS Information Sent to the Host ..................................................................................... 426

Displaying IPv6 RDNSS Information......................................................................................................................426

Secure Shell (SSH) Over an IPv6 Transport.............................................................................................................. 427

Conguration Tasks for IPv6........................................................................................................................................ 427

Adjusting Your CAM-Prole.................................................................................................................................... 427

Assigning an IPv6 Address to an Interface...........................................................................................................428

Assigning a Static IPv6 Route................................................................................................................................429

Conguring Telnet with IPv6..................................................................................................................................429

SNMP over IPv6......................................................................................................................................................429

Displaying IPv6 Information....................................................................................................................................430

Contents

15

Displaying an IPv6 Interface Information.............................................................................................................. 430

Showing IPv6 Routes...............................................................................................................................................431

Showing the Running-Conguration for an Interface......................................................................................... 432

Clearing IPv6 Routes...............................................................................................................................................432

Conguring IPv6 RA Guard.......................................................................................................................................... 433

Conguring IPv6 RA Guard on an Interface.........................................................................................................435

Monitoring IPv6 RA Guard..................................................................................................................................... 435

25 iSCSI Optimization.................................................................................................................................. 436

iSCSI Optimization Overview....................................................................................................................................... 436

Monitoring iSCSI Trac Flows............................................................................................................................... 437

Application of Quality of Service to iSCSI Trac Flows..................................................................................... 438

Information Monitored in iSCSI Trac Flows....................................................................................................... 438

Detection and Auto-Conguration for Dell EqualLogic Arrays........................................................................... 439

Conguring Detection and Ports for Dell Compellent Arrays.............................................................................439

Synchronizing iSCSI Sessions Learned on VLT-Lags with VLT-Peer.................................................................440

Enable and Disable iSCSI Optimization................................................................................................................. 440

Default iSCSI Optimization Values................................................................................................................................441

iSCSI Optimization Prerequisites.................................................................................................................................. 441

Conguring iSCSI Optimization.................................................................................................................................... 441

Displaying iSCSI Optimization Information..................................................................................................................443

26 Intermediate System to Intermediate System.......................................................................................... 445

IS-IS Protocol Overview............................................................................................................................................... 445

IS-IS Addressing.............................................................................................................................................................445

Multi-Topology IS-IS...................................................................................................................................................... 446

Transition Mode....................................................................................................................................................... 446

Interface Support.....................................................................................................................................................446

Adjacencies...............................................................................................................................................................447

Graceful Restart.............................................................................................................................................................447

Timers........................................................................................................................................................................447

Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................447

Conguration Information.............................................................................................................................................448

Conguration Tasks for IS-IS..................................................................................................................................448

Conguring the Distance of a Route.....................................................................................................................456

Changing the IS-Type..............................................................................................................................................456

Redistributing IPv4 Routes.....................................................................................................................................459

Redistributing IPv6 Routes.....................................................................................................................................459

Conguring Authentication Passwords.................................................................................................................460

Setting the Overload Bit..........................................................................................................................................461

Debugging IS-IS........................................................................................................................................................461

IS-IS Metric Styles.........................................................................................................................................................462

Congure Metric Values............................................................................................................................................... 462

Maximum Values in the Routing Table.................................................................................................................. 463

Change the IS-IS Metric Style in One Level Only................................................................................................463

Leaks from One Level to Another..........................................................................................................................464

Sample Congurations..................................................................................................................................................465

16

Contents

27 Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP)...............................................................................................468

Introduction to Dynamic LAGs and LACP.................................................................................................................. 468

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 468

LACP Modes............................................................................................................................................................ 469

Conguring LACP Commands...............................................................................................................................469

LACP Conguration Tasks............................................................................................................................................ 470

Creating a LAG.........................................................................................................................................................470

Conguring the LAG Interfaces as Dynamic........................................................................................................ 470

Setting the LACP Long Timeout............................................................................................................................ 471

Monitoring and Debugging LACP...........................................................................................................................471

Shared LAG State Tracking...........................................................................................................................................472

Conguring Shared LAG State Tracking............................................................................................................... 472

Important Points about Shared LAG State Tracking........................................................................................... 473

LACP Basic Conguration Example.............................................................................................................................474

Congure a LAG on ALPHA....................................................................................................................................474

28 Layer 2.....................................................................................................................................................483

Manage the MAC Address Table................................................................................................................................. 483

Clearing the MAC Address Table........................................................................................................................... 483

Setting the Aging Time for Dynamic Entries........................................................................................................483

Conguring a Static MAC Address........................................................................................................................484

Displaying the MAC Address Table........................................................................................................................ 484

MAC Learning Limit....................................................................................................................................................... 484

Setting the MAC Learning Limit............................................................................................................................ 485

mac learning-limit Dynamic.................................................................................................................................... 485

mac learning-limit mac-address-sticky................................................................................................................. 485

mac learning-limit station-move............................................................................................................................ 486

mac learning-limit no-station-move...................................................................................................................... 486

Learning Limit Violation Actions.............................................................................................................................486

Setting Station Move Violation Actions................................................................................................................ 486

Recovering from Learning Limit and Station Move Violations............................................................................487

Disabling MAC Address Learning on the System.................................................................................................487

NIC Teaming................................................................................................................................................................... 488

Congure Redundant Pairs...........................................................................................................................................489

Important Points about Conguring Redundant Pairs........................................................................................ 490

Far-End Failure Detection............................................................................................................................................. 492

FEFD State Changes...............................................................................................................................................492

Conguring FEFD.................................................................................................................................................... 493

Enabling FEFD on an Interface...............................................................................................................................494

Debugging FEFD......................................................................................................................................................495

29 Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)......................................................................................................497

802.1AB (LLDP) Overview............................................................................................................................................497

Protocol Data Units..................................................................................................................................................497

Optional TLVs................................................................................................................................................................. 498

Management TLVs.................................................................................................................................................. 498

Contents

17

TIA-1057 (LLDP-MED) Overview................................................................................................................................ 500

TIA Organizationally Specic TLVs........................................................................................................................500

Congure LLDP............................................................................................................................................................. 504

Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................504

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 504

LLDP Compatibility..................................................................................................................................................504

CONFIGURATION versus INTERFACE Congurations............................................................................................ 504

Enabling LLDP................................................................................................................................................................505

Disabling and Undoing LLDP..................................................................................................................................505

Advertising TLVs............................................................................................................................................................505

Viewing the LLDP Conguration................................................................................................................................. 506

Viewing Information Advertised by Adjacent LLDP Agents..................................................................................... 507

Conguring LLDPDU Intervals.....................................................................................................................................508

Conguring Transmit and Receive Mode................................................................................................................... 508

Conguring the Time to Live Value............................................................................................................................. 509

Debugging LLDP.............................................................................................................................................................510

Relevant Management Objects..................................................................................................................................... 511

30 Microsoft Network Load Balancing...........................................................................................................516

NLB Unicast Mode Scenario.........................................................................................................................................516

NLB Multicast Mode Scenario......................................................................................................................................516

Limitations of the NLB Feature.....................................................................................................................................517

Microsoft Clustering.......................................................................................................................................................517

Enable and Disable VLAN Flooding ............................................................................................................................. 517

Conguring a Switch for NLB ......................................................................................................................................517

Enabling a Switch for Multicast NLB..................................................................................................................... 518

31 Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP).......................................................................................... 519

Protocol Overview..........................................................................................................................................................519

Anycast RP.....................................................................................................................................................................520

Implementation Information.......................................................................................................................................... 521

Congure Multicast Source Discovery Protocol.........................................................................................................521

Related Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................521

Enable MSDP................................................................................................................................................................. 525

Manage the Source-Active Cache.............................................................................................................................. 526

Viewing the Source-Active Cache.........................................................................................................................526

Limiting the Source-Active Cache.........................................................................................................................526

Clearing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................ 527

Enabling the Rejected Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................527

Accept Source-Active Messages that Fail the RFP Check......................................................................................527

Specifying Source-Active Messages...........................................................................................................................530

Limiting the Source-Active Messages from a Peer....................................................................................................531

Preventing MSDP from Caching a Local Source........................................................................................................531

Preventing MSDP from Caching a Remote Source.................................................................................................. 532

Preventing MSDP from Advertising a Local Source..................................................................................................532

Logging Changes in Peership States...........................................................................................................................533

Terminating a Peership..................................................................................................................................................533

18

Contents

Clearing Peer Statistics.................................................................................................................................................534

Debugging MSDP.......................................................................................................................................................... 534

MSDP with Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................534

Conguring Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................535

Reducing Source-Active Message Flooding.........................................................................................................536

Specifying the RP Address Used in SA Messages.............................................................................................. 536

MSDP Sample Congurations......................................................................................................................................538

32 Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP)................................................................................................. 541

Protocol Overview..........................................................................................................................................................541

Spanning Tree Variations...............................................................................................................................................542

Implementation Information....................................................................................................................................542

Congure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol................................................................................................................542

Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................542

Enable Multiple Spanning Tree Globally...................................................................................................................... 543

Adding and Removing Interfaces.................................................................................................................................543

Creating Multiple Spanning Tree Instances................................................................................................................ 543

Inuencing MSTP Root Selection................................................................................................................................545

Interoperate with Non-Dell Bridges.............................................................................................................................545

Changing the Region Name or Revision..................................................................................................................... 545

Modifying Global Parameters....................................................................................................................................... 546

Modifying the Interface Parameters............................................................................................................................547

Conguring an EdgePort.............................................................................................................................................. 548

Flush MAC Addresses after a Topology Change....................................................................................................... 549

MSTP Sample Congurations......................................................................................................................................549

Router 1 Running-CongurationRouter 2 Running-CongurationRouter 3 Running-

CongurationSFTOS Example Running-Conguration.......................................................................................549

Debugging and Verifying MSTP Congurations........................................................................................................ 552

33 Multicast Features...................................................................................................................................554

Enabling IP Multicast.....................................................................................................................................................554

Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 554

Multicast Policies...........................................................................................................................................................555

IPv4 Multicast Policies............................................................................................................................................555

34 Object Tracking....................................................................................................................................... 563

Object Tracking Overview............................................................................................................................................ 563

Track Layer 2 Interfaces..........................................................................................................................................564

Track Layer 3 Interfaces..........................................................................................................................................564

Track IPv4 and IPv6 Routes...................................................................................................................................565

Set Tracking Delays................................................................................................................................................. 566

VRRP Object Tracking............................................................................................................................................ 566

Object Tracking Conguration..................................................................................................................................... 566

Tracking a Layer 2 Interface...................................................................................................................................566

Tracking a Layer 3 Interface................................................................................................................................... 567

Track an IPv4/IPv6 Route...................................................................................................................................... 568

Displaying Tracked Objects........................................................................................................................................... 572

Contents

19

35 Open Shortest Path First (OSPFv2 and OSPFv3).................................................................................... 574

Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 574

Autonomous System (AS) Areas............................................................................................................................574

Area Types................................................................................................................................................................ 575

Networks and Neighbors........................................................................................................................................ 576

Router Types.............................................................................................................................................................576

Designated and Backup Designated Routers....................................................................................................... 578

Link-State Advertisements (LSAs)........................................................................................................................ 578

Router Priority and Cost......................................................................................................................................... 579

OSPF with Dell Networking OS...................................................................................................................................580

Graceful Restart....................................................................................................................................................... 581

Fast Convergence (OSPFv2, IPv4 Only)..............................................................................................................582

Multi-Process OSPFv2 with VRF..........................................................................................................................582

RFC-2328 Compliant OSPF Flooding................................................................................................................... 582

OSPF ACK Packing................................................................................................................................................. 583

Setting OSPF Adjacency with Cisco Routers...................................................................................................... 583

Conguration Information.............................................................................................................................................584

Conguration Task List for OSPFv2 (OSPF for IPv4)........................................................................................ 584

Sample Congurations for OSPFv2.............................................................................................................................597

Basic OSPFv2 Router Topology............................................................................................................................. 597

OSPF Area 0 — Te 1/1 and 1/2..............................................................................................................................597

OSPF Area 0 — Te 3/1 and 3/2............................................................................................................................598

OSPF Area 0 — Te 2/1 and 2/2............................................................................................................................598

Conguration Task List for OSPFv3 (OSPF for IPv6).............................................................................................. 598

Enabling IPv6 Unicast Routing...............................................................................................................................599

Applying cost for OSPFv3......................................................................................................................................599

Assigning IPv6 Addresses on an Interface........................................................................................................... 599

Assigning Area ID on an Interface..........................................................................................................................600

Assigning OSPFv3 Process ID and Router ID Globally........................................................................................600

Assigning OSPFv3 Process ID and Router ID to a VRF.......................................................................................601

Conguring Stub Areas............................................................................................................................................601

Conguring Passive-Interface................................................................................................................................ 601

Redistributing Routes..............................................................................................................................................602

Conguring a Default Route...................................................................................................................................602

Enabling OSPFv3 Graceful Restart....................................................................................................................... 603

OSPFv3 Authentication Using IPsec.....................................................................................................................605

Troubleshooting OSPFv3..........................................................................................................................................611

36 Policy-based Routing (PBR).....................................................................................................................612

Overview......................................................................................................................................................................... 612

Implementing PBR..........................................................................................................................................................613

Conguration Task List for Policy-based Routing.......................................................................................................613

PBR Exceptions (Permit)........................................................................................................................................ 614

Create a Redirect List.................................................................................................................................................... 614

Create a Rule for a Redirect-list................................................................................................................................... 614

Apply a Redirect-list to an Interface using a Redirect-group.................................................................................... 616

20

Contents

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