Dell Configuration Guide for the S3100 Series
9.10(0.1)
Notes, cautions, and warnings
NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your computer.
CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the
problem.
WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.
© 2016 Dell Inc. All rights reserved. This product is protected by U.S. and international copyright and intellectual property laws. Dell and the
Dell logo are trademarks of Dell Inc. in the United States and/or other jurisdictions. All other marks and names mentioned herein may be
trademarks of their respective companies.
2016 - 06
Rev. A00
Contents
1 About this Guide.....................................................................................................................................................31
Audience.....................................................................................................................................................................31
Conventions...............................................................................................................................................................31
Related Documents..................................................................................................................................................31
2 Configuration Fundamentals.............................................................................................................................. 32
Accessing the Command Line...............................................................................................................................32
CLI Modes.................................................................................................................................................................. 32
Navigating CLI Modes........................................................................................................................................34
The do Command....................................................................................................................................................36
Undoing Commands................................................................................................................................................37
Obtaining Help.......................................................................................................................................................... 37
Entering and Editing Commands..........................................................................................................................38
Command History....................................................................................................................................................39
Filtering show Command Outputs....................................................................................................................... 39
Example of the grep Keyword......................................................................................................................... 39
Multiple Users in Configuration Mode.................................................................................................................40
3 Getting Started.......................................................................................................................................................41
Console Access.........................................................................................................................................................42
Serial Console......................................................................................................................................................42
Accessing the CLI Interface and Running Scripts Using SSH..........................................................................43
Entering CLI commands Using an SSH Connection...................................................................................43
Executing Local CLI Scripts Using an SSH Connection..............................................................................43
Default Configuration..............................................................................................................................................44
Configuring a Host Name.......................................................................................................................................44
Accessing the System Remotely...........................................................................................................................44
Accessing the System Remotely..................................................................................................................... 44
Configure the Management Port IP Address................................................................................................45
Configure a Management Route.....................................................................................................................45
Configuring a Username and Password........................................................................................................ 45
Configuring the Enable Password........................................................................................................................ 46
Configuration File Management........................................................................................................................... 46
Copy Files to and from the System................................................................................................................ 46
Mounting an NFS File System...........................................................................................................................47
Save the Running-Configuration.................................................................................................................... 49
Configure the Overload Bit for a Startup Scenario..................................................................................... 49
Viewing Files........................................................................................................................................................ 49
Compressing Configuration Files....................................................................................................................50
Managing the File System.......................................................................................................................................53
Enabling Software Features on Devices Using a Command Option.............................................................53
View Command History..........................................................................................................................................54
Upgrading Dell Networking OS.............................................................................................................................54
Contents
3
Verify Software Images Before Installation.........................................................................................................54
Using HTTP for File Transfers.................................................................................................................................55
4 Management...........................................................................................................................................................57
Configuring Privilege Levels................................................................................................................................... 57
Creating a Custom Privilege Level.................................................................................................................. 57
Removing a Command from EXEC Mode.................................................................................................... 58
Moving a Command from EXEC Privilege Mode to EXEC Mode............................................................. 58
Allowing Access to CONFIGURATION Mode Commands........................................................................ 58
Allowing Access to Different Modes.............................................................................................................. 58
Applying a Privilege Level to a Username..................................................................................................... 60
Applying a Privilege Level to a Terminal Line............................................................................................... 60
Configuring Logging............................................................................................................................................... 60
Audit and Security Logs..................................................................................................................................... 61
Configuring Logging Format ......................................................................................................................... 62
Display the Logging Buffer and the Logging Configuration..................................................................... 63
Setting Up a Secure Connection to a Syslog Server...................................................................................64
Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server.............................................................................................. 65
Track Login Activity..................................................................................................................................................65
Restrictions for Tracking Login Activity......................................................................................................... 65
Configuring Login Activity Tracking............................................................................................................... 65
Display Login Statistics...................................................................................................................................... 66
Limit Concurrent Login Sessions.......................................................................................................................... 67
Restrictions for Limiting the Number of Concurrent Sessions.................................................................67
Configuring Concurrent Session Limit...........................................................................................................67
Enabling the System to Clear Existing Sessions...........................................................................................68
Log Messages in the Internal Buffer.....................................................................................................................69
Configuration Task List for System Log Management............................................................................... 69
Disabling System Logging...................................................................................................................................... 69
Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server....................................................................................................69
Configuring a UNIX System as a Syslog Server............................................................................................69
Changing System Logging Settings......................................................................................................................70
Display the Logging Buffer and the Logging Configuration............................................................................71
Configuring a UNIX Logging Facility Level.......................................................................................................... 71
Synchronizing Log Messages.................................................................................................................................72
Enabling Timestamp on Syslog Messages...........................................................................................................73
File Transfer Services................................................................................................................................................73
Configuration Task List for File Transfer Services........................................................................................73
Enabling the FTP Server.....................................................................................................................................73
Configuring FTP Server Parameters................................................................................................................74
Configuring FTP Client Parameters................................................................................................................ 74
Terminal Lines........................................................................................................................................................... 75
Denying and Permitting Access to a Terminal Line.....................................................................................75
Configuring Login Authentication for Terminal Lines................................................................................ 76
Setting Timeout for EXEC Privilege Mode........................................................................................................... 77
Using Telnet to get to Another Network Device................................................................................................77
Lock CONFIGURATION Mode...............................................................................................................................78
9.10(0.1)
4
Viewing the Configuration Lock Status..........................................................................................................78
5 802.1X...................................................................................................................................................................... 79
Port-Authentication Process..................................................................................................................................81
EAP over RADIUS................................................................................................................................................ 82
Configuring 802.1X.................................................................................................................................................. 83
Related Configuration Tasks............................................................................................................................ 83
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................ 83
Enabling 802.1X........................................................................................................................................................ 84
Configuring dot1x Profile .......................................................................................................................................85
Configuring MAC addresses for a do1x Profile.................................................................................................. 86
Configuring the Static MAB and MAB Profile .................................................................................................... 86
Configuring Critical VLAN ......................................................................................................................................87
Configuring Request Identity Re-Transmissions...............................................................................................88
Configuring a Quiet Period after a Failed Authentication......................................................................... 88
Forcibly Authorizing or Unauthorizing a Port.................................................................................................... 89
Re-Authenticating a Port........................................................................................................................................90
Configuring Timeouts..............................................................................................................................................91
Configuring Dynamic VLAN Assignment with Port Authentication...............................................................92
Guest and Authentication-Fail VLANs..................................................................................................................93
Configuring a Guest VLAN................................................................................................................................93
Configuring an Authentication-Fail VLAN.....................................................................................................93
6 Access Control List (ACL) VLAN Groups and Content Addressable Memory (CAM).................................95
Optimizing CAM Utilization During the Attachment of ACLs to VLANs....................................................... 95
Guidelines for Configuring ACL VLAN Groups.................................................................................................. 96
Configuring ACL VLAN Groups and Configuring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters....................................96
Configuring ACL VLAN Groups....................................................................................................................... 96
Configuring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters................................................................................................97
Viewing CAM Usage.................................................................................................................................................98
Allocating FP Blocks for VLAN Processes........................................................................................................... 99
7 Access Control Lists (ACLs)............................................................................................................................... 100
IP Access Control Lists (ACLs)..............................................................................................................................101
CAM Usage.........................................................................................................................................................102
Implementing ACLs on Dell Networking OS.............................................................................................. 102
Important Points to Remember.......................................................................................................................... 104
Configuration Task List for Route Maps...................................................................................................... 104
Configuring Match Routes............................................................................................................................. 106
Configuring Set Conditions............................................................................................................................107
Configure a Route Map for Route Redistribution......................................................................................108
Configure a Route Map for Route Tagging.................................................................................................109
Continue Clause............................................................................................................................................... 109
IP Fragment Handling............................................................................................................................................109
IP Fragments ACL Examples...........................................................................................................................110
Layer 4 ACL Rules Examples...........................................................................................................................110
Configure a Standard IP ACL................................................................................................................................ 111
Contents
5
Configuring a Standard IP ACL Filter.............................................................................................................112
Configure an Extended IP ACL.............................................................................................................................113
Configuring Filters with a Sequence Number.............................................................................................113
Configuring Filters Without a Sequence Number......................................................................................114
Configure Layer 2 and Layer 3 ACLs...................................................................................................................115
Assign an IP ACL to an Interface..........................................................................................................................115
Applying an IP ACL..................................................................................................................................................115
Counting ACL Hits............................................................................................................................................ 116
Configure Ingress ACLs......................................................................................................................................... 116
Configure Egress ACLs...........................................................................................................................................117
Applying Egress Layer 3 ACLs (Control-Plane)...........................................................................................118
IP Prefix Lists............................................................................................................................................................ 118
Implementation Information.......................................................................................................................... 119
Configuration Task List for Prefix Lists......................................................................................................... 119
ACL Resequencing................................................................................................................................................. 122
Resequencing an ACL or Prefix List.............................................................................................................. 123
Route Maps.............................................................................................................................................................. 124
Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................124
Logging of ACL Processes....................................................................................................................................124
Guidelines for Configuring ACL Logging.....................................................................................................125
Configuring ACL Logging............................................................................................................................... 126
Flow-Based Monitoring Support for ACLs........................................................................................................ 126
Behavior of Flow-Based Monitoring.............................................................................................................127
Enabling Flow-Based Monitoring..................................................................................................................128
8 Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD)..................................................................................................... 130
How BFD Works......................................................................................................................................................130
BFD Packet Format........................................................................................................................................... 131
BFD Sessions......................................................................................................................................................132
BFD Three-Way Handshake........................................................................................................................... 133
Session State Changes.....................................................................................................................................135
Important Points to Remember...........................................................................................................................135
Configure BFD.........................................................................................................................................................135
Configure BFD for Physical Ports..................................................................................................................136
Configure BFD for Static Routes................................................................................................................... 139
Configure BFD for OSPF..................................................................................................................................141
Configure BFD for OSPFv3............................................................................................................................. 144
Configure BFD for IS-IS...................................................................................................................................145
Configure BFD for BGP....................................................................................................................................147
Configure BFD for VRRP................................................................................................................................. 154
Configuring Protocol Liveness.......................................................................................................................156
Troubleshooting BFD.......................................................................................................................................156
9 Border Gateway Protocol IPv4 (BGPv4)......................................................................................................... 158
Autonomous Systems (AS)....................................................................................................................................158
Sessions and Peers.................................................................................................................................................160
Establish a Session............................................................................................................................................ 161
9.10(0.1)
6
Route Reflectors......................................................................................................................................................161
BGP Attributes......................................................................................................................................................... 162
Best Path Selection Criteria............................................................................................................................ 163
Weight................................................................................................................................................................. 165
Local Preference...............................................................................................................................................165
Multi-Exit Discriminators (MEDs)...................................................................................................................165
Origin...................................................................................................................................................................166
AS Path................................................................................................................................................................ 167
Next Hop.............................................................................................................................................................167
Multiprotocol BGP..................................................................................................................................................167
Implement BGP with Dell Networking OS........................................................................................................168
Additional Path (Add-Path) Support............................................................................................................. 168
Advertise IGP Cost as MED for Redistributed Routes............................................................................... 168
Ignore Router-ID in Best-Path Calculation................................................................................................ 169
Four-Byte AS Numbers....................................................................................................................................169
AS4 Number Representation..........................................................................................................................169
AS Number Migration....................................................................................................................................... 171
BGP4 Management Information Base (MIB)............................................................................................... 173
Important Points to Remember.....................................................................................................................173
Configuration Information....................................................................................................................................174
BGP Configuration................................................................................................................................................. 174
Enabling BGP..................................................................................................................................................... 175
Configuring AS4 Number Representations.................................................................................................178
Configuring Peer Groups................................................................................................................................ 179
Configuring BGP Fast Fall-Over.................................................................................................................... 182
Configuring Passive Peering...........................................................................................................................183
Maintaining Existing AS Numbers During an AS Migration......................................................................184
Allowing an AS Number to Appear in its Own AS Path.............................................................................185
Enabling Graceful Restart............................................................................................................................... 186
Enabling Neighbor Graceful Restart............................................................................................................. 187
Filtering on an AS-Path Attribute...................................................................................................................187
Regular Expressions as Filters........................................................................................................................ 188
Redistributing Routes...................................................................................................................................... 190
Enabling Additional Paths............................................................................................................................... 190
Configuring IP Community Lists....................................................................................................................191
Configuring an IP Extended Community List............................................................................................. 192
Filtering Routes with Community Lists........................................................................................................ 193
Manipulating the COMMUNITY Attribute.................................................................................................... 193
Changing MED Attributes................................................................................................................................195
Changing the LOCAL_PREFERENCE Attribute...........................................................................................195
Configuring the local System or a Different System to be the Next Hop for BGP-Learned
Routes................................................................................................................................................................. 196
Changing the WEIGHT Attribute................................................................................................................... 196
Enabling Multipath............................................................................................................................................197
Filtering BGP Routes.........................................................................................................................................197
Filtering BGP Routes Using Route Maps......................................................................................................198
Filtering BGP Routes Using AS-PATH Information....................................................................................199
Contents
7
Configuring BGP Route Reflectors.............................................................................................................. 200
Aggregating Routes.........................................................................................................................................200
Configuring BGP Confederations................................................................................................................. 201
Enabling Route Flap Dampening...................................................................................................................201
Changing BGP Timers.....................................................................................................................................203
Enabling BGP Neighbor Soft-Reconfiguration..........................................................................................204
Route Map Continue....................................................................................................................................... 205
Enabling MBGP Configurations.......................................................................................................................... 205
BGP Regular Expression Optimization.............................................................................................................. 206
Debugging BGP......................................................................................................................................................206
Storing Last and Bad PDUs.............................................................................................................................207
Capturing PDUs................................................................................................................................................208
PDU Counters...................................................................................................................................................209
Sample Configurations......................................................................................................................................... 209
10 Content Addressable Memory (CAM)............................................................................................................216
CAM Allocation....................................................................................................................................................... 216
Test CAM Usage......................................................................................................................................................218
View CAM-ACL Settings........................................................................................................................................218
View CAM Usage....................................................................................................................................................220
CAM Optimization................................................................................................................................................. 220
Troubleshoot CAM Profiling................................................................................................................................ 220
CAM Profile Mismatches.................................................................................................................................220
QoS CAM Region Limitation...........................................................................................................................221
11 Control Plane Policing (CoPP)........................................................................................................................ 222
Configure Control Plane Policing.......................................................................................................................224
Configuring CoPP for Protocols................................................................................................................... 224
Configuring CoPP for CPU Queues............................................................................................................. 226
CoPP for OSPFv3 Packets...............................................................................................................................227
Configuring CoPP for OSPFv3.......................................................................................................................230
Displaying CoPP Configuration .................................................................................................................... 231
12 Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)...........................................................................................233
DHCP Packet Format and Options.....................................................................................................................233
Assign an IP Address using DHCP.......................................................................................................................235
Implementation Information............................................................................................................................... 236
Configure the System to be a DHCP Server.....................................................................................................236
Configuring the Server for Automatic Address Allocation.......................................................................237
Specifying a Default Gateway........................................................................................................................238
Configure a Method of Hostname Resolution...........................................................................................239
Using DNS for Address Resolution............................................................................................................... 239
Using NetBIOS WINS for Address Resolution............................................................................................ 239
Creating Manual Binding Entries...................................................................................................................239
Debugging the DHCP Server.........................................................................................................................240
Using DHCP Clear Commands..................................................................................................................... 240
Configure the System to be a Relay Agent...................................................................................................... 240
9.10(0.1)
8
Configure the System to be a DHCP Client..................................................................................................... 242
Configuring the DHCP Client System..........................................................................................................242
DHCP Client on a Management Interface.................................................................................................. 243
DHCP Client Operation with Other Features.............................................................................................244
Configure the System for User Port Stacking (Option 230)..........................................................................245
Configure Secure DHCP.......................................................................................................................................245
Option 82...........................................................................................................................................................245
DHCP Snooping............................................................................................................................................... 246
Drop DHCP Packets on Snooped VLANs Only..........................................................................................249
Dynamic ARP Inspection................................................................................................................................ 250
Configuring Dynamic ARP Inspection..........................................................................................................251
Source Address Validation....................................................................................................................................252
Enabling IP Source Address Validation........................................................................................................ 252
DHCP MAC Source Address Validation....................................................................................................... 253
Enabling IP+MAC Source Address Validation.............................................................................................253
Viewing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets..........................................................................................253
Clearing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets.........................................................................................254
13 Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP)........................................................................................................................ 255
ECMP for Flow-Based Affinity............................................................................................................................. 255
Configuring the Hash Algorithm................................................................................................................... 255
Enabling Deterministic ECMP Next Hop..................................................................................................... 255
Configuring the Hash Algorithm Seed.........................................................................................................256
Link Bundle Monitoring.........................................................................................................................................256
Managing ECMP Group Paths........................................................................................................................257
Creating an ECMP Group Bundle..................................................................................................................257
Modifying the ECMP Group Threshold........................................................................................................257
14 FIPS Cryptography............................................................................................................................................259
Configuration Tasks...............................................................................................................................................259
Preparing the System............................................................................................................................................ 259
Enabling FIPS Mode...............................................................................................................................................260
Generating Host-Keys...........................................................................................................................................260
Monitoring FIPS Mode Status.............................................................................................................................. 260
Disabling FIPS Mode.............................................................................................................................................. 261
15 Force10 Resilient Ring Protocol (FRRP)........................................................................................................262
Protocol Overview................................................................................................................................................. 262
Ring Status......................................................................................................................................................... 263
Multiple FRRP Rings......................................................................................................................................... 263
Important FRRP Points....................................................................................................................................264
Important FRRP Concepts..............................................................................................................................265
Implementing FRRP...............................................................................................................................................266
FRRP Configuration............................................................................................................................................... 266
Creating the FRRP Group............................................................................................................................... 266
Configuring the Control VLAN...................................................................................................................... 267
Configuring and Adding the Member VLANs.............................................................................................268
Contents
9
Setting the FRRP Timers................................................................................................................................. 269
Clearing the FRRP Counters.......................................................................................................................... 269
Viewing the FRRP Configuration...................................................................................................................269
Viewing the FRRP Information...................................................................................................................... 269
Troubleshooting FRRP.......................................................................................................................................... 270
Configuration Checks..................................................................................................................................... 270
Sample Configuration and Topology.................................................................................................................270
16 GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP)................................................................................................... 272
Important Points to Remember.......................................................................................................................... 272
Configure GVRP......................................................................................................................................................273
Related Configuration Tasks.......................................................................................................................... 273
Enabling GVRP Globally........................................................................................................................................274
Enabling GVRP on a Layer 2 Interface............................................................................................................... 274
Configure GVRP Registration.............................................................................................................................. 274
Configure a GARP Timer.......................................................................................................................................275
RPM Redundancy................................................................................................................................................... 275
17 High Availability (HA)........................................................................................................................................ 277
Component Redundancy..................................................................................................................................... 277
Automatic and Manual Stack Unit Failover..................................................................................................277
Synchronization between Management and Standby Units...................................................................278
Forcing an Stack Unit Failover....................................................................................................................... 278
Disabling Auto-Reboot....................................................................................................................................279
Manually Synchronizing Management and Standby Units...................................................................... 279
Pre-Configuring a Stack Unit Slot.......................................................................................................................279
Removing a Provisioned Logical Stack Unit.....................................................................................................280
Hitless Behavior......................................................................................................................................................280
Graceful Restart......................................................................................................................................................280
Software Resiliency................................................................................................................................................ 281
Software Component Health Monitoring................................................................................................... 281
System Health Monitoring.............................................................................................................................. 281
Failure and Event Logging.............................................................................................................................. 281
Hot-Lock Behavior................................................................................................................................................ 282
18 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP)............................................................................................283
IGMP Implementation Information....................................................................................................................283
IGMP Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................283
IGMP Version 2................................................................................................................................................. 283
IGMP Version 3................................................................................................................................................. 285
Configure IGMP......................................................................................................................................................287
Related Configuration Tasks..........................................................................................................................288
Viewing IGMP Enabled Interfaces...................................................................................................................... 288
Selecting an IGMP Version...................................................................................................................................288
Viewing IGMP Groups...........................................................................................................................................289
Adjusting Timers.....................................................................................................................................................289
Adjusting Query and Response Timers....................................................................................................... 289
9.10(0.1)
10
Preventing a Host from Joining a Group..........................................................................................................290
Enabling IGMP Immediate-Leave.......................................................................................................................293
IGMP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................................293
IGMP Snooping Implementation Information........................................................................................... 293
Configuring IGMP Snooping..........................................................................................................................293
Removing a Group-Port Association...........................................................................................................294
Disabling Multicast Flooding..........................................................................................................................294
Specifying a Port as Connected to a Multicast Router............................................................................ 294
Configuring the Switch as Querier............................................................................................................... 295
Fast Convergence after MSTP Topology Changes.........................................................................................295
Egress Interface Selection (EIS) for HTTP and IGMP Applications...............................................................295
Protocol Separation.........................................................................................................................................296
Enabling and Disabling Management Egress Interface Selection..........................................................297
Handling of Management Route Configuration........................................................................................298
Handling of Switch-Initiated Traffic.............................................................................................................298
Handling of Switch-Destined Traffic............................................................................................................299
Handling of Transit Traffic (Traffic Separation)..........................................................................................300
Mapping of Management Applications and Traffic Type........................................................................ 300
Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Initiated Traffic ................................................................ 301
Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Destined Traffic .............................................................. 302
Interworking of EIS With Various Applications...........................................................................................303
Designating a Multicast Router Interface..........................................................................................................303
19 Interfaces............................................................................................................................................................304
Basic Interface Configuration..............................................................................................................................304
Advanced Interface Configuration.....................................................................................................................304
Interface Types....................................................................................................................................................... 305
Optional Modules...................................................................................................................................................305
View Basic Interface Information....................................................................................................................... 305
Resetting an Interface to its Factory Default State..........................................................................................307
Enabling Energy Efficient Ethernet.....................................................................................................................307
View EEE Information........................................................................................................................................... 308
Clear EEE Counters................................................................................................................................................ 312
Enabling a Physical Interface............................................................................................................................... 313
Physical Interfaces..................................................................................................................................................313
Configuration Task List for Physical Interfaces.......................................................................................... 313
Overview of Layer Modes............................................................................................................................... 314
Configuring Layer 2 (Data Link) Mode..........................................................................................................314
Configuring Layer 2 (Interface) Mode.......................................................................................................... 314
Configuring Layer 3 (Network) Mode...........................................................................................................315
Configuring Layer 3 (Interface) Mode.......................................................................................................... 315
Egress Interface Selection (EIS)........................................................................................................................... 316
Important Points to Remember.....................................................................................................................316
Configuring EIS................................................................................................................................................. 316
Management Interfaces.........................................................................................................................................317
Configuring Management Interfaces............................................................................................................317
Configuring a Management Interface on an Ethernet Port.....................................................................318
Contents
11
VLAN Interfaces.......................................................................................................................................................319
Loopback Interfaces.............................................................................................................................................. 319
Null Interfaces.........................................................................................................................................................320
Port Channel Interfaces........................................................................................................................................320
Port Channel Definition and Standards.......................................................................................................320
Port Channel Benefits..................................................................................................................................... 320
Port Channel Implementation....................................................................................................................... 321
Interfaces in Port Channels............................................................................................................................ 321
Configuration Tasks for Port Channel Interfaces......................................................................................322
Creating a Port Channel................................................................................................................................. 322
Adding a Physical Interface to a Port Channel...........................................................................................322
Reassigning an Interface to a New Port Channel......................................................................................324
Configuring the Minimum Oper Up Links in a Port Channel..................................................................325
Adding or Removing a Port Channel from a VLAN...................................................................................325
Assigning an IP Address to a Port Channel.................................................................................................326
Deleting or Disabling a Port Channel...........................................................................................................326
Load Balancing Through Port Channels......................................................................................................327
Load-Balancing Method................................................................................................................................. 327
Changing the Hash Algorithm....................................................................................................................... 327
Bulk Configuration.................................................................................................................................................328
Interface Range.................................................................................................................................................328
Bulk Configuration Examples........................................................................................................................ 329
Defining Interface Range Macros.......................................................................................................................330
Define the Interface Range.............................................................................................................................331
Choosing an Interface-Range Macro...........................................................................................................331
Monitoring and Maintaining Interfaces..............................................................................................................331
Maintenance Using TDR................................................................................................................................. 332
Link Dampening......................................................................................................................................................333
Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................... 333
Enabling Link Dampening...............................................................................................................................333
Link Bundle Monitoring.........................................................................................................................................335
Using Ethernet Pause Frames for Flow Control.............................................................................................. 335
Enabling Pause Frames................................................................................................................................... 336
Configure the MTU Size on an Interface.......................................................................................................... 336
Port-Pipes................................................................................................................................................................ 337
Auto-Negotiation on Ethernet Interfaces......................................................................................................... 337
Setting the Speed and Duplex Mode of Ethernet Interfaces...................................................................338
Set Auto-Negotiation Options.......................................................................................................................339
Provisioning Combo Ports...................................................................................................................................340
View Advanced Interface Information............................................................................................................... 341
Configuring the Interface Sampling Size.....................................................................................................341
Dynamic Counters.................................................................................................................................................342
Clearing Interface Counters...........................................................................................................................343
20 Internet Protocol Security (IPSec).................................................................................................................344
Configuring IPSec ................................................................................................................................................. 344
9.10(0.1)
12
21 IPv4 Routing...................................................................................................................................................... 346
IP Addresses.............................................................................................................................................................347
Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................347
Configuration Tasks for IP Addresses................................................................................................................ 347
Assigning IP Addresses to an Interface..............................................................................................................347
Configuring Static Routes.................................................................................................................................... 348
Configure Static Routes for the Management Interface............................................................................... 349
IPv4 Path MTU Discovery Overview...................................................................................................................350
Using the Configured Source IP Address in ICMP Messages....................................................................... 350
Configuring the ICMP Source Interface......................................................................................................350
Configuring the Duration to Establish a TCP Connection.............................................................................351
Enabling Directed Broadcast................................................................................................................................351
Resolution of Host Names....................................................................................................................................351
Enabling Dynamic Resolution of Host Names.................................................................................................352
Specifying the Local System Domain and a List of Domains........................................................................352
Configuring DNS with Traceroute......................................................................................................................353
ARP............................................................................................................................................................................ 353
Configuration Tasks for ARP................................................................................................................................354
Configuring Static ARP Entries............................................................................................................................ 354
Enabling Proxy ARP................................................................................................................................................354
Clearing ARP Cache...............................................................................................................................................355
ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP........................................................................................................................ 355
Enabling ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP....................................................................................................... 355
ARP Learning via ARP Request............................................................................................................................ 356
Configuring ARP Retries....................................................................................................................................... 356
ICMP..........................................................................................................................................................................357
Configuration Tasks for ICMP..............................................................................................................................357
Enabling ICMP Unreachable Messages..............................................................................................................357
UDP Helper..............................................................................................................................................................358
Configure UDP Helper.................................................................................................................................... 358
Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................... 358
Enabling UDP Helper.............................................................................................................................................358
Configuring a Broadcast Address....................................................................................................................... 358
Configurations Using UDP Helper......................................................................................................................359
UDP Helper with Broadcast-All Addresses....................................................................................................... 359
UDP Helper with Subnet Broadcast Addresses............................................................................................... 360
UDP Helper with Configured Broadcast Addresses....................................................................................... 360
UDP Helper with No Configured Broadcast Addresses................................................................................. 361
Troubleshooting UDP Helper.............................................................................................................................. 361
22 IPv6 Routing...................................................................................................................................................... 362
Protocol Overview................................................................................................................................................. 362
Extended Address Space.................................................................................................................................363
Stateless Autoconfiguration...........................................................................................................................363
IPv6 Headers..................................................................................................................................................... 363
IPv6 Header Fields............................................................................................................................................364
Contents
13
Extension Header Fields..................................................................................................................................366
Addressing..........................................................................................................................................................367
Implementing IPv6 with Dell Networking OS..................................................................................................368
ICMPv6..................................................................................................................................................................... 369
Path MTU Discovery.............................................................................................................................................. 370
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery...................................................................................................................................... 370
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery of MTU Packets...................................................................................................371
Configuration Task List for IPv6 RDNSS.............................................................................................................371
Configuring the IPv6 Recursive DNS Server................................................................................................371
Debugging IPv6 RDNSS Information Sent to the Host ............................................................................372
Displaying IPv6 RDNSS Information............................................................................................................. 372
Secure Shell (SSH) Over an IPv6 Transport.......................................................................................................373
Configuration Tasks for IPv6................................................................................................................................373
Adjusting Your CAM-Profile........................................................................................................................... 373
Assigning an IPv6 Address to an Interface.................................................................................................. 374
Assigning a Static IPv6 Route.........................................................................................................................375
Configuring Telnet with IPv6......................................................................................................................... 375
SNMP over IPv6.................................................................................................................................................375
Displaying IPv6 Information........................................................................................................................... 376
Displaying an IPv6 Interface Information....................................................................................................376
Showing IPv6 Routes....................................................................................................................................... 377
Showing the Running-Configuration for an Interface............................................................................. 378
Clearing IPv6 Routes........................................................................................................................................379
Configuring IPv6 RA Guard.................................................................................................................................. 379
Configuring IPv6 RA Guard on an Interface............................................................................................... 381
Monitoring IPv6 RA Guard.............................................................................................................................. 381
23 iSCSI Optimization............................................................................................................................................382
iSCSI Optimization Overview...............................................................................................................................382
Monitoring iSCSI Traffic Flows...................................................................................................................... 383
Application of Quality of Service to iSCSI Traffic Flows...........................................................................384
Information Monitored in iSCSI Traffic Flows............................................................................................ 384
Detection and Auto-Configuration for Dell EqualLogic Arrays..............................................................385
Configuring Detection and Ports for Dell Compellent Arrays................................................................385
Synchronizing iSCSI Sessions Learned on VLT-Lags with VLT-Peer.................................................... 386
Enable and Disable iSCSI Optimization.......................................................................................................386
Default iSCSI Optimization Values......................................................................................................................387
iSCSI Optimization Prerequisites.........................................................................................................................387
Configuring iSCSI Optimization.......................................................................................................................... 387
Displaying iSCSI Optimization Information......................................................................................................389
24 Intermediate System to Intermediate System.............................................................................................391
IS-IS Protocol Overview........................................................................................................................................391
IS-IS Addressing...................................................................................................................................................... 391
Multi-Topology IS-IS............................................................................................................................................. 392
Transition Mode................................................................................................................................................392
Interface Support..............................................................................................................................................393
9.10(0.1)
14
Adjacencies........................................................................................................................................................393
Graceful Restart......................................................................................................................................................393
Timers................................................................................................................................................................. 393
Implementation Information............................................................................................................................... 394
Configuration Information...................................................................................................................................394
Configuration Tasks for IS-IS.........................................................................................................................395
Configuring the Distance of a Route...........................................................................................................402
Changing the IS-Type..................................................................................................................................... 403
Redistributing IPv4 Routes............................................................................................................................. 405
Redistributing IPv6 Routes.............................................................................................................................406
Configuring Authentication Passwords.......................................................................................................407
Setting the Overload Bit..................................................................................................................................407
Debugging IS-IS............................................................................................................................................... 408
IS-IS Metric Styles.................................................................................................................................................. 409
Configure Metric Values.......................................................................................................................................409
Maximum Values in the Routing Table........................................................................................................409
Change the IS-IS Metric Style in One Level Only......................................................................................409
Leaks from One Level to Another..................................................................................................................411
Sample Configurations..........................................................................................................................................412
25 Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP)..................................................................................................414
Introduction to Dynamic LAGs and LACP.........................................................................................................414
Important Points to Remember.....................................................................................................................414
LACP Modes.......................................................................................................................................................415
Configuring LACP Commands...................................................................................................................... 415
LACP Configuration Tasks....................................................................................................................................416
Creating a LAG.................................................................................................................................................. 416
Configuring the LAG Interfaces as Dynamic.............................................................................................. 416
Setting the LACP Long Timeout.................................................................................................................... 417
Monitoring and Debugging LACP................................................................................................................. 417
Shared LAG State Tracking...................................................................................................................................418
Configuring Shared LAG State Tracking...................................................................................................... 418
Important Points about Shared LAG State Tracking................................................................................. 419
LACP Basic Configuration Example................................................................................................................... 420
Configure a LAG on ALPHA........................................................................................................................... 420
26 Layer 2.................................................................................................................................................................429
Manage the MAC Address Table.........................................................................................................................429
Clearing the MAC Address Table.................................................................................................................. 429
Setting the Aging Time for Dynamic Entries.............................................................................................. 429
Configuring a Static MAC Address............................................................................................................... 430
Displaying the MAC Address Table...............................................................................................................430
MAC Learning Limit............................................................................................................................................... 430
Setting the MAC Learning Limit.....................................................................................................................431
mac learning-limit Dynamic...........................................................................................................................431
mac learning-limit mac-address-sticky.......................................................................................................431
mac learning-limit station-move..................................................................................................................432
Contents
15
mac learning-limit no-station-move...........................................................................................................432
Learning Limit Violation Actions................................................................................................................... 432
Setting Station Move Violation Actions....................................................................................................... 433
Recovering from Learning Limit and Station Move Violations............................................................... 433
Disabling MAC Address Learning on the System.......................................................................................434
NIC Teaming........................................................................................................................................................... 434
Configure Redundant Pairs..................................................................................................................................435
Important Points about Configuring Redundant Pairs.............................................................................437
Far-End Failure Detection....................................................................................................................................438
FEFD State Changes........................................................................................................................................ 439
Configuring FEFD.............................................................................................................................................440
Enabling FEFD on an Interface......................................................................................................................440
Debugging FEFD...............................................................................................................................................441
27 Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)...........................................................................................................443
802.1AB (LLDP) Overview.....................................................................................................................................443
Protocol Data Units......................................................................................................................................... 443
Optional TLVs......................................................................................................................................................... 444
Management TLVs........................................................................................................................................... 445
TIA-1057 (LLDP-MED) Overview........................................................................................................................ 446
TIA Organizationally Specific TLVs............................................................................................................... 447
Configure LLDP...................................................................................................................................................... 450
Related Configuration Tasks.......................................................................................................................... 451
Important Points to Remember.....................................................................................................................451
LLDP Compatibility...........................................................................................................................................451
CONFIGURATION versus INTERFACE Configurations...................................................................................451
Enabling LLDP.........................................................................................................................................................452
Disabling and Undoing LLDP......................................................................................................................... 452
Enabling LLDP on Management Ports...............................................................................................................452
Disabling and Undoing LLDP on Management Ports...............................................................................452
Advertising TLVs..................................................................................................................................................... 453
Viewing the LLDP Configuration........................................................................................................................ 454
Viewing Information Advertised by Adjacent LLDP Agents...........................................................................455
Configuring LLDPDU Intervals............................................................................................................................ 456
Configuring Transmit and Receive Mode......................................................................................................... 456
Configuring the Time to Live Value....................................................................................................................457
Debugging LLDP.................................................................................................................................................... 458
Relevant Management Objects...........................................................................................................................458
28 Microsoft Network Load Balancing.............................................................................................................. 464
NLB Unicast Mode Scenario................................................................................................................................464
NLB Multicast Mode Scenario............................................................................................................................. 464
Limitations of the NLB Feature............................................................................................................................465
Microsoft Clustering..............................................................................................................................................465
Enable and Disable VLAN Flooding ...................................................................................................................465
Configuring a Switch for NLB .............................................................................................................................465
Enabling a Switch for Multicast NLB............................................................................................................ 466
9.10(0.1)
16
29 Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP)............................................................................................. 467
Protocol Overview................................................................................................................................................. 467
Anycast RP...............................................................................................................................................................468
Implementation Information...............................................................................................................................469
Configure Multicast Source Discovery Protocol.............................................................................................469
Related Configuration Tasks..........................................................................................................................469
Enable MSDP........................................................................................................................................................... 473
Manage the Source-Active Cache......................................................................................................................474
Viewing the Source-Active Cache................................................................................................................474
Limiting the Source-Active Cache................................................................................................................474
Clearing the Source-Active Cache............................................................................................................... 475
Enabling the Rejected Source-Active Cache............................................................................................. 475
Accept Source-Active Messages that Fail the RFP Check.............................................................................475
Specifying Source-Active Messages.................................................................................................................. 478
Limiting the Source-Active Messages from a Peer.........................................................................................479
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Local Source.............................................................................................479
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Remote Source........................................................................................480
Preventing MSDP from Advertising a Local Source....................................................................................... 480
Logging Changes in Peership States..................................................................................................................481
Terminating a Peership......................................................................................................................................... 481
Clearing Peer Statistics......................................................................................................................................... 482
Debugging MSDP...................................................................................................................................................482
MSDP with Anycast RP..........................................................................................................................................483
Configuring Anycast RP........................................................................................................................................484
Reducing Source-Active Message Flooding.............................................................................................. 485
Specifying the RP Address Used in SA Messages...................................................................................... 485
MSDP Sample Configurations............................................................................................................................. 487
30 Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP).....................................................................................................490
Protocol Overview.................................................................................................................................................490
Spanning Tree Variations...................................................................................................................................... 491
Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................491
Configure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol.....................................................................................................491
Related Configuration Tasks.......................................................................................................................... 491
Enable Multiple Spanning Tree Globally........................................................................................................... 492
Adding and Removing Interfaces....................................................................................................................... 492
Creating Multiple Spanning Tree Instances......................................................................................................492
Influencing MSTP Root Selection.......................................................................................................................494
Interoperate with Non-Dell Bridges.................................................................................................................. 494
Changing the Region Name or Revision...........................................................................................................494
Modifying Global Parameters..............................................................................................................................495
Modifying the Interface Parameters.................................................................................................................. 496
Configuring an EdgePort......................................................................................................................................497
Flush MAC Addresses after a Topology Change.............................................................................................498
MSTP Sample Configurations..............................................................................................................................498
Contents
17
Router 1 Running-ConfigurationRouter 2 Running-ConfigurationRouter 3 Running-
ConfigurationSFTOS Example Running-Configuration...........................................................................498
Debugging and Verifying MSTP Configurations.............................................................................................. 501
31 Multicast Features.............................................................................................................................................503
Enabling IP Multicast............................................................................................................................................. 503
Implementation Information............................................................................................................................... 503
Multicast Policies....................................................................................................................................................504
IPv4 Multicast Policies.....................................................................................................................................504
32 Object Tracking................................................................................................................................................. 512
Object Tracking Overview.................................................................................................................................... 512
Track Layer 2 Interfaces.................................................................................................................................. 513
Track Layer 3 Interfaces.................................................................................................................................. 513
Track IPv4 and IPv6 Routes............................................................................................................................ 514
Set Tracking Delays.......................................................................................................................................... 515
VRRP Object Tracking......................................................................................................................................515
Object Tracking Configuration............................................................................................................................515
Tracking a Layer 2 Interface........................................................................................................................... 515
Tracking a Layer 3 Interface........................................................................................................................... 516
Track an IPv4/IPv6 Route................................................................................................................................518
Displaying Tracked Objects..................................................................................................................................521
33 Open Shortest Path First (OSPFv2 and OSPFv3)......................................................................................... 523
Protocol Overview................................................................................................................................................. 523
Autonomous System (AS) Areas.................................................................................................................... 523
Area Types..........................................................................................................................................................524
Networks and Neighbors................................................................................................................................525
Router Types..................................................................................................................................................... 525
Designated and Backup Designated Routers............................................................................................. 527
Link-State Advertisements (LSAs)..................................................................................................................527
Router Priority and Cost................................................................................................................................. 528
OSPF with Dell Networking OS...........................................................................................................................529
Graceful Restart................................................................................................................................................530
Fast Convergence (OSPFv2, IPv4 Only)....................................................................................................... 531
Multi-Process OSPFv2 with VRF.................................................................................................................... 531
OSPF ACK Packing............................................................................................................................................531
Setting OSPF Adjacency with Cisco Routers.............................................................................................. 531
Configuration Information................................................................................................................................... 532
Configuration Task List for OSPFv2 (OSPF for IPv4)................................................................................. 532
Configuration Task List for OSPFv3 (OSPF for IPv6).......................................................................................546
Enabling IPv6 Unicast Routing.......................................................................................................................547
Applying cost for OSPFv3............................................................................................................................... 547
Assigning IPv6 Addresses on an Interface...................................................................................................547
Assigning Area ID on an Interface.................................................................................................................547
Assigning OSPFv3 Process ID and Router ID Globally............................................................................. 548
Assigning OSPFv3 Process ID and Router ID to a VRF.............................................................................548
9.10(0.1)
18
Configuring Stub Areas................................................................................................................................... 549
Configuring Passive-Interface.......................................................................................................................549
Redistributing Routes...................................................................................................................................... 550
Configuring a Default Route..........................................................................................................................550
Enabling OSPFv3 Graceful Restart................................................................................................................550
OSPFv3 Authentication Using IPsec.............................................................................................................552
Troubleshooting OSPFv3................................................................................................................................558
34 Policy-based Routing (PBR)............................................................................................................................560
Overview..................................................................................................................................................................560
Implementing PBR..................................................................................................................................................561
Configuration Task List for Policy-based Routing...........................................................................................561
PBR Exceptions (Permit)..................................................................................................................................561
Create a Redirect List...................................................................................................................................... 562
Create a Rule for a Redirect-list....................................................................................................................562
Apply a Redirect-list to an Interface using a Redirect-group.................................................................564
Sample Configuration........................................................................................................................................... 566
Create the Redirect-List GOLDAssign Redirect-List GOLD to Interface 2/11View Redirect-List
GOLD.................................................................................................................................................................. 566
35 PIM Sparse-Mode (PIM-SM)............................................................................................................................ 569
Implementation Information............................................................................................................................... 569
Protocol Overview.................................................................................................................................................569
Requesting Multicast Traffic...........................................................................................................................569
Refuse Multicast Traffic...................................................................................................................................570
Send Multicast Traffic...................................................................................................................................... 570
Configuring PIM-SM..............................................................................................................................................570
Related Configuration Tasks...........................................................................................................................571
Enable PIM-SM........................................................................................................................................................ 571
Configuring S,G Expiry Timers............................................................................................................................. 571
Configuring a Static Rendezvous Point............................................................................................................. 572
Overriding Bootstrap Router Updates..........................................................................................................572
Configuring a Designated Router....................................................................................................................... 573
Creating Multicast Boundaries and Domains...................................................................................................573
36 PIM Source-Specific Mode (PIM-SSM)..........................................................................................................574
Implementation Information............................................................................................................................... 574
Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................... 574
Configure PIM-SSM............................................................................................................................................... 575
Related Configuration Tasks.......................................................................................................................... 575
Enabling PIM-SSM.................................................................................................................................................. 575
Use PIM-SSM with IGMP Version 2 Hosts.........................................................................................................575
Configuring PIM-SSM with IGMPv2..............................................................................................................576
37 Power over Ethernet (PoE)...............................................................................................................................577
Configuring PoE or PoE+......................................................................................................................................577
Enable PoE/PoE+............................................................................................................................................. 578
Contents
19
Upgrading the PoE Controller....................................................................................................................... 578
Manage Ports using Power Priority and Power Budget................................................................................. 579
Determine the Power Priority........................................................................................................................ 579
Manage Inline Power.......................................................................................................................................580
Set the Threshold Limit for the PoE Power Budget..................................................................................580
Manage Power Priorities................................................................................................................................. 581
Power Allocation to Ports...............................................................................................................................581
Power Allocation to Additional Ports...........................................................................................................582
Manage Legacy Devices....................................................................................................................................... 582
Suspend Power Delivery on a Port.....................................................................................................................582
Restore Power Delivery on a Port.......................................................................................................................583
Display the Power Details.....................................................................................................................................583
38 Port Monitoring................................................................................................................................................ 584
Important Points to Remember..........................................................................................................................584
Port Monitoring...................................................................................................................................................... 585
Configuring Port Monitoring............................................................................................................................... 586
Configuring Monitor Multicast Queue.............................................................................................................. 588
Enabling Flow-Based Monitoring....................................................................................................................... 589
Remote Port Mirroring..........................................................................................................................................589
Remote Port Mirroring Example................................................................................................................... 590
Configuring Remote Port Mirroring..............................................................................................................591
Displaying Remote-Port Mirroring Configurations...................................................................................592
Configuring the Sample Remote Port Mirroring....................................................................................... 593
Encapsulated Remote Port Monitoring.............................................................................................................596
ERPM Behavior on a typical Dell Networking OS .......................................................................................... 598
Decapsulation of ERPM packets at the Destination IP/ Analyzer.......................................................... 598
39 Private VLANs (PVLAN).................................................................................................................................... 600
Private VLAN Concepts........................................................................................................................................ 600
Using the Private VLAN Commands...................................................................................................................601
Configuration Task List.........................................................................................................................................602
Creating PVLAN ports..................................................................................................................................... 602
Creating a Primary VLAN................................................................................................................................ 603
Creating a Community VLAN........................................................................................................................604
Creating an Isolated VLAN............................................................................................................................. 604
Private VLAN Configuration Example................................................................................................................606
Inspecting the Private VLAN Configuration......................................................................................................607
40 Per-VLAN Spanning Tree Plus (PVST+)........................................................................................................ 609
Protocol Overview.................................................................................................................................................609
Implementation Information............................................................................................................................... 610
Configure Per-VLAN Spanning Tree Plus.......................................................................................................... 611
Related Configuration Tasks...........................................................................................................................611
Enabling PVST+....................................................................................................................................................... 611
Disabling PVST+...................................................................................................................................................... 611
Influencing PVST+ Root Selection......................................................................................................................612
9.10(0.1)
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