China Electronics Technology Instruments AV3672 Series User manual

AV3672 Series

Vector Network Analyzer

User Manual

China Electronics Technology Instruments Co., Ltd

AV3672 Series Vector Network Analyzer

Contents

The manual applies to vector network analyzers of the following models.

● AV3672series vector network analyzer

Options in addition to standard accessories:

● 2-port program-controlled step attenuator

● 4-port measuring device

● 4-port program-controlled step attenuator

● Active intermodulation measuring device

● Pulse measuring device

● Time domain measuring device

● Frequency offset measuring device

● Mixer scalar measuring device

● Mixer vector measuring device

● Embedded local oscillator converter measuring device

● Gain compression and two-dimensional sweep measuring device

Version: A.1 November 2014 China Electronics Technology Instruments Limited Company

Address: 98 Xiangjiang Road, Economic and Technological Development Zone, Qingdao, Shandong, China

Toll Free Customer Service Phone: 800-868-7041

Technical support: 0532-8688984786897262

Fax: 0532-86889056 86897258

Website: www.ei41.com

Email: eiqd@ei41.com

Postcode: 266555

AV3672 Series Vector Network Analyzer

Contents

AV3672 Series Vector Network Analyzer

Contents

Preface

Thanks for choosing the AV3672 series vector network analyzer produced by China Electronics Technology

Instruments Co., Ltd. Please read this User Manual carefully for your convenience.

We devote ourselves to meeting your demands, providing you high-quality measuring instrument and the best after-

sales service. We persist with “superior quality and considerate service”, and are committed to offering

satisfactory products and service for our clients.

Manual No.

AV2.733.1036SSCN

Version

A.1 2016.5

China Electronics Technology Instruments Co., Ltd

Manual Authorization

The information contained in this User Manual is subject to change without notice. The power to interpret the

contents of and terms used in this Manual rests with China Electronics Technology Instruments Company.

China Electronics Technology Instruments Co. Ltd owns the copyright of this User Manual which should not be

modified or tampered by any organization or individual, or reproduced or transmitted for the purpose of making

profit without its prior permission, otherwise China Electronics Technology Instruments Company will reserve the

right to investigate and affix legal liability of infringement.

Product Quality Assurance

The warranty period of the product is 18 months from the date of delivery. The instrument manufacturer will

repair or replace damaged parts according to the actual situation within the warranty period. The user should return

the product to the manufacturer and prepay mailing costs. The manufacturer will return the product and such costs

to the user after maintenance.

Product Quality Certificate

The product meets the indicator requirements of the manual at the time of delivery. Calibration and measurement

are completed by the measuring organization with qualifications specified by the state, and relevant data are

provided for reference.

Quality/Environment Management

Research, development, manufacturing and testing of the product comply with the requirements of the quality and

environmental management system. The 41st Institute has the qualifications and has been certified by the

ISO9001 and ISO14001 management system.

Precautions

Warning

“Warning” indicates danger. It reminds the user to pay attention to a certain operation process, operation method or

similar situations. Noncompliance with the rules or improper operation may result in personal injuries. You must

fully understand the warning and all the conditions in it shall be met before the next step.

Attention

“Attention” indicates important prompts and no danger. It reminds the user to pay attention to a certain operation

process, operation method or similar situations. Noncompliance with the rules or improper operation may result in

damage to the instrument or loss of important data. You must fully understand the caution and all the conditions in

it shall be met before the next step.

AV3672 Series Vector Network Analyzer 
Contents 

Contents 
MANUAL GUIDE .................................................................................................................................................. 11 
1 ABOUT THE MANUAL ................................................................................................................................................ 11 
2 RELATED DOCUMENTS .............................................................................................................................................. 12 
OVERVIEW ............................................................................................................................................................ 14 
1 PRODUCT OVERVIEW ................................................................................................................................................ 14 
2 SAFE OPERATION GUIDE ........................................................................................................................................... 18 
2.1 Safety Signs ....................................................................................................................................................... 19 
2.2 Operation State and Location ........................................................................................................................... 20 
2.3 Power Safety ..................................................................................................................................................... 20 
2.4 Operation Precautions ...................................................................................................................................... 21 
2.5 Maintenance ...................................................................................................................................................... 21 
2.6 Battery and Power Supply Module.................................................................................................................... 22 
2.7 Transportation .................................................................................................................................................. 22 
2.8 Waste Disposal/Environmental Protection ....................................................................................................... 22 
INTRODUCTION TO USE .................................................................................................................................... 22 
1 PREPARATION BEFORE USE ....................................................................................................................................... 23 
1.1 Pre-operation Preparation ................................................................................................................................ 23 
1.2 System Recovery and Installation Procedures of Analyzer ............................................................................... 31 
1.3 Routine Maintenance ........................................................................................................................................ 36 
2 FRONT PANEL & REAR PANEL .................................................................................................................................. 36 
2.1 Front Panel ....................................................................................................................................................... 37 
2.2 Rear panel ......................................................................................................................................................... 43 
3 ANALYZER INTERFACE .............................................................................................................................................. 50 
3.1 Front Panel Interface ........................................................................................................................................ 50 
3.2 Mouse Interface ................................................................................................................................................. 51 
4 TRACE, CHANNEL AND WINDOW OF ANALYZER ....................................................................................................... 52 
4.1 Trace ................................................................................................................................................................. 52 
4.2 Channel ............................................................................................................................................................. 52 
4.3 Window ............................................................................................................................................................. 53 
5 DATA ANALYSIS........................................................................................................................................................ 54 
5.1 Marker ............................................................................................................................................................... 54 
5.2 Trace Operation and Statistics .......................................................................................................................... 63 
5.3 Limit Test .......................................................................................................................................................... 65 
5.4 Ripple Test ........................................................................................................................................................ 67 
5.5 Bandwidth Test .................................................................................................................................................. 70 
5.6 Equation Editor ................................................................................................................................................. 72 
6. DATA OUTPUT .......................................................................................................................................................... 78 
6.1 Saving and Recalling of File ............................................................................................................................. 78 
6.2 Printing of Measurement Contents ................................................................................................................... 82 
MEASUREMENT SETTING ................................................................................................................................. 84 
1 RESETTING OF ANALYZER ......................................................................................................................................... 84 
1.1 Default Reset State ............................................................................................................................................ 84 
1.2 User Reset State ................................................................................................................................................ 87 
1.3 Resetting of Analyzer......................................................................................................................................... 87 
2 SELECTION OF MEASUREMENT PARAMETER ............................................................................................................. 88 

AV3672 Series Vector Network Analyzer 
Contents 
2.1 Parameter S....................................................................................................................................................... 88 
2.2 Any Ratio ........................................................................................................................................................... 90 
2.3 Non-ratio Power Measurement ......................................................................................................................... 90 
2.4 Measurement mode of trace change .................................................................................................................. 91 
3 SETTING OF FREQUENCY RANGE ............................................................................................................................... 91 
4 SETTING OF SIGNAL POWER LEVEL ........................................................................................................................... 92 
5 SETTING OF SWEEP .................................................................................................................................................... 95 
5.1 Overview of Sweep Types .................................................................................................................................. 95 
5.2 Setting of Sweep Type........................................................................................................................................ 95 
5.3 Sweep Time ....................................................................................................................................................... 97 
5.4 Setting of Sweep ................................................................................................................................................ 97 
6 TRIGGER MODE ......................................................................................................................................................... 98 
6.1 Simple Trigger Setting....................................................................................................................................... 98 
6.2 Detailed Trigger Setting .................................................................................................................................... 99 
6.3 [Trigger] Dialog Box ...................................................................................................................................... 100 
7 SETTING OF DATA FORMAT AND SCALE .................................................................................................................. 104 
7.1 Data Format .................................................................................................................................................... 104 
7.2 Data Format Setting ........................................................................................................................................ 107 
7.3 Scale ................................................................................................................................................................ 107 
8 OBSERVATION OF MULTIPLE TRACKS AND OPENING OF MULTIPLE CHANNELS ...................................................... 108 
9 SETTING OF ANALYZER DISPLAY ............................................................................................................................ 111 
9.1 State Bar .......................................................................................................................................................... 111 
9.2 Tool bar ........................................................................................................................................................... 112 
9.3 List .................................................................................................................................................................. 114 
9.4 Display Contents ............................................................................................................................................. 115 
9.5 Title bar ........................................................................................................................................................... 117 
MENU .................................................................................................................................................................... 118 
1 MENU STRUCTURE ................................................................................................................................................... 118 
1.1 File .................................................................................................................................................................. 118 
1.2 Track ............................................................................................................................................................... 120 
1.3 Channel ........................................................................................................................................................... 121 
1.4 Excitation ........................................................................................................................................................ 122 
1.5 Response ......................................................................................................................................................... 125 
1.6 Calibration ...................................................................................................................................................... 129 
1.7 Marker ............................................................................................................................................................. 130 
1.8 Analysis ........................................................................................................................................................... 133 
1.9 System ............................................................................................................................................................. 136 
1.10 Help ............................................................................................................................................................... 138 
2. DESCRIPTION OF MENU ........................................................................................................................................... 139 
2.1 File .................................................................................................................................................................. 139 
2.2 Trace ............................................................................................................................................................... 141 
2.3 Channel ........................................................................................................................................................... 143 
2.4 Excitation ........................................................................................................................................................ 144 
2.5 Response ......................................................................................................................................................... 151 
2.6 Calibration ...................................................................................................................................................... 159 
2.7 Marker ............................................................................................................................................................. 162 
2.8 Analysis ........................................................................................................................................................... 170 
2.9 System ............................................................................................................................................................. 179 

AV3672 Series Vector Network Analyzer 
Contents 

2.10 Help ............................................................................................................................................................... 182 
MEASUREMENT OPTIMIZATION ................................................................................................................... 183 
1 REDUCTION OF ACCESSORY INFLUENCE ................................................................................................................. 183 
2 IMPROVEMENT OF REFLECTION ACCURACY OF LOW-LOSS 2-PORT DEVICE ............................................................ 184 
3 INCREASE OF DYNAMIC RANGE............................................................................................................................... 186 
3.1 Increase of Input Power of Device .................................................................................................................. 186 
3.2 Reduction of Base Noise of Receiver ............................................................................................................... 186 
4 IMPROVEMENT OF MEASUREMENT RESULTS OF LONG DEVICE OF EACH POINT...................................................... 188 
5 IMPROVEMENT OF PHASE MEASUREMENT ACCURACY ............................................................................................ 189 
5.1 Electrical Delay .............................................................................................................................................. 189 
5.2 Port Extension ................................................................................................................................................. 190 
5.3 Phase Deviation .............................................................................................................................................. 192 
5.4 Frequency Point Interval ................................................................................................................................ 193 
5.5 Specific Operations ......................................................................................................................................... 193 
6 REDUCTION OF TRACE NOISE .................................................................................................................................. 195 
6.1 Sweep Averaging ............................................................................................................................................. 195 
6.2 Track Smoothing ............................................................................................................................................. 196 
6.3 Intermediate Frequency Bandwidth ................................................................................................................ 197 
7 INCREASE OF DATA POINT NUMBER ........................................................................................................................ 198 
8 IMPROVEMENT OF MEASUREMENT STABILITY ........................................................................................................ 199 
9 INCREASE OF SWEEP VELOCITY .............................................................................................................................. 201 
10 IMPROVEMENT OF EFFICIENCY OF MULTI-STATE MEASUREMENT ......................................................................... 203 
10.1 Improvement of Measurement Efficiency by Measurement Setting ............................................................... 204 
10.2 Automatic Change of Measurement Setting .................................................................................................. 205 
10.3 Rapid recalling of measurement ................................................................................................................... 205 
11 RAPID DATA TRANSMISSION ................................................................................................................................. 205 
11.1 Use of “Single” Trigger Mode ...................................................................................................................... 205 
11.2 Minimization of Transmission Data .............................................................................................................. 206 
11.3 Use of Real Number Format ......................................................................................................................... 206 
11.4 Use of LAN .................................................................................................................................................... 206 
11.5 Use of COM Program ................................................................................................................................... 206 
12 USE OF MACRO ..................................................................................................................................................... 206 
12.1 New macro .................................................................................................................................................... 206 
12.2 [Macro Setup] Dialog Box ............................................................................................................................ 207 
12.3 [Macro setting window] dialog box .............................................................................................................. 208 
CALIBRATION .................................................................................................................................................... 209 
1 CALIBRATION OVERVIEW ........................................................................................................................................ 209 
1.1 Definition of Calibration ................................................................................................................................. 209 
1.2 Significance of Calibration ............................................................................................................................. 209 
1.3 Applications of Calibration ............................................................................................................................. 209 
1.4 Simple Calibration Process ............................................................................................................................. 210 
2 SELECTION OF CALIBRATION TYPE ......................................................................................................................... 210 
3 CALIBRATION GUIDE ............................................................................................................................................... 212 
4 HIGH-ACCURACY MEASUREMENT CALIBRATION .................................................................................................... 214 
5 MEASUREMENT ERRORS ......................................................................................................................................... 216 
5.1 Drift Errors ..................................................................................................................................................... 216 
5.2 Random Errors ................................................................................................................................................ 216 
5.3 System Errors .................................................................................................................................................. 216 

AV3672 Series Vector Network Analyzer 
Contents 
6 EDITING OF CALIBRATION KIT DEFINITION ............................................................................................................. 218 
6.1 Calibration Kit Definition ............................................................................................................................... 219 
6.2 Custom Calibration Kit ................................................................................................................................... 219 
6.3 Create Calibration Kit .................................................................................................................................... 219 
6.4 Edit calibration kit .......................................................................................................................................... 220 
6.5 [Edit Kit] Dialog Box ...................................................................................................................................... 221 
6.6 [Add Connector] Dialog Box .......................................................................................................................... 223 
6.7 [Calibration Kit Class] Dialog Box ................................................................................................................ 224 
6.8 [Add standard] Dialog Box ............................................................................................................................. 224 
6.9 [Open-circuit device] Dialog Box ................................................................................................................... 225 
6.10 [Short Characteristics] Dialog Box .............................................................................................................. 226 
6.11 [Load] Dialog Box ........................................................................................................................................ 226 
6.12 [THRU type/transmission line/adapter] Dialog Box .................................................................................... 227 
7 STANDARD CALIBRATION KIT ................................................................................................................................. 227 
8 TRL CALIBRATION .................................................................................................................................................. 228 
9 FIXTURE COMPENSATION CALIBRATION ................................................................................................................. 230 
9.1 Terms of Fixtures ............................................................................................................................................ 230 
9.2 Fixturing On/Off ............................................................................................................................................. 231 
9.3 Port Matching ................................................................................................................................................. 231 
9.4 2-port De-embedding ...................................................................................................................................... 235 
9.5 Port Z Conversion ........................................................................................................................................... 236 
9.6 4-port Embed/De-embed ................................................................................................................................. 237 
10 ELECTRONIC CALIBRATION ................................................................................................................................... 239 
BASIS OF NETWORK MEASUREMENT .......................................................................................................... 244 
1 REFLECTION MEASUREMENT .................................................................................................................................. 244 
1.1 Reflection Measurement Expression ............................................................................................................... 244 
1.2 Summary of Reflection Measurement Expression ........................................................................................... 246 
2 PHASE MEASUREMENT ............................................................................................................................................ 246 
2.1 What is phase measurement? .......................................................................................................................... 246 
2.2 Why to perform phase measurement? ............................................................................................................. 247 
2.3 Use of Phase Format of Analyzer ................................................................................................................... 247 
2.4 Type of Phase Measurement ........................................................................................................................... 248 
2.5 Linear Phase Deviation and Group Delay ...................................................................................................... 248 
3 AMPLIFIER PARAMETER SPECIFICATIONS ................................................................................................................ 248 
3.1 Gain................................................................................................................................................................. 248 
3.2 Gain Flatness .................................................................................................................................................. 249 
3.3 Reverse Isolation ............................................................................................................................................. 249 
3.4 Gain Drift Changes over Time (temperature and bias) .................................................................................. 249 
3.5 Linear Phase Deviation................................................................................................................................... 249 
3.6 Group Delay .................................................................................................................................................... 249 
3.7 Return Loss (standing wave ratio, ρ) .............................................................................................................. 249 
3.8 Complex Impedance ........................................................................................................................................ 251 
3.9 Gain Compression ........................................................................................................................................... 251 
3.10 AM-PM Transformation Coefficient ............................................................................................................. 251 
4 COMPLEX IMPEDANCE ............................................................................................................................................. 251 
4.1 What is complex impedance? .......................................................................................................................... 251 
4.2 Improvement of Impedance Measurement Accuracy ...................................................................................... 251 
4.3 Steps of Complex Impedance Measurement .................................................................................................... 252 

AV3672 Series Vector Network Analyzer 
Contents 

5 GROUP DELAY......................................................................................................................................................... 254 
5.1 What is group delay? ...................................................................................................................................... 254 
5.2 Why to measure the group delay? ................................................................................................................... 255 
5.3 What is the aperture of group delay? .............................................................................................................. 255 
5.4 Improvement of Measurement Accuracy of Group Delay ............................................................................... 256 
5.5 Steps of Group Delay Measurement ................................................................................................................ 256 
6 ABSOLUTE OUTPUT POWER ..................................................................................................................................... 257 
6.1 What is the absolute output power? ................................................................................................................ 257 
6.2 Why to measure the absolute output power? ................................................................................................... 257 
6.3 Steps of Measurement of Absolute Output Power ........................................................................................... 258 
7 AM-PM TRANSFORMATION .................................................................................................................................... 258 
7.1 What is AM-PM transformation? .................................................................................................................... 258 
7.2 Why to measure AM-PM transformation? ...................................................................................................... 259 
7.3 Factors Related to Measurement Accuracy .................................................................................................... 259 
7.4 Step of AM-PM Transformation Measurement ............................................................................................... 260 
8 LINEAR PHASE DEVIATION ...................................................................................................................................... 260 
8.1 What is linear phase shift? .............................................................................................................................. 260 
8.2 What is linear phase deviation? ...................................................................................................................... 261 
8.3 Why to measure the linear phase deviation? ................................................................................................... 261 
8.4 Use of Electrical Delay Function .................................................................................................................... 261 
8.5 Factors Related to Measurement Accuracy .................................................................................................... 261 
8.6 Steps of Linear Phase Deviation Measurement .............................................................................................. 261 
9 REVERSE ISOLATION ............................................................................................................................................... 262 
9.1 What is reverse isolation? ............................................................................................................................... 262 
9.2 Why to measure reverse isolation? ................................................................................................................. 262 
9.3 Factors Related to Measurement Accuracy .................................................................................................... 262 
9.4 Steps of Reverse Isolation Measurement ......................................................................................................... 263 
10 SMALL SIGNAL GAIN AND FLATNESS .................................................................................................................... 263 
10.1 What is gain? ................................................................................................................................................ 263 
10.2 What is flatness? ........................................................................................................................................... 264 
10.3 Why to measure the small signal gain and flatness? ..................................................................................... 264 
10.4 Factors Related to Measurement Accuracy .................................................................................................. 264 
10.5 Steps of Small Signal Gain and Flatness Measurement ................................................................................ 264 
REMOTE CONTROL .......................................................................................................................................... 266 
1 BASIS OF REMOTE CONTROL ................................................................................................................................... 266 
1.1 Remote Control Interface ................................................................................................................................ 266 
1.2 Message ........................................................................................................................................................... 268 
1.3 SCPI Command ............................................................................................................................................... 269 
1.4 Command Sequence and Synchronization ...................................................................................................... 276 
1.5 State Report System ......................................................................................................................................... 277 
1.6 Programming Precautions .............................................................................................................................. 278 
2 PROGRAMMED PORT AND CONFIGURATION OF INSTRUMENT .................................................................................. 279 
2.1 LAN ................................................................................................................................................................. 279 
2.2 GPIB ............................................................................................................................................................... 280 
3 BASIC PROGRAMMING METHOD OF VISA INTERFACE ............................................................................................ 281 
3.1 VISA Library ................................................................................................................................................... 282 
3.2 Initialization and Default State Setting ........................................................................................................... 282 
3.3 Sending of Setting Command .......................................................................................................................... 284 

AV3672 Series Vector Network Analyzer 
Contents 
3.4 Reading of Measurement Instrument State ..................................................................................................... 286 
3.5 Reading of Frequency Marker ........................................................................................................................ 287 
3.6 Reading of Trace data ..................................................................................................................................... 287 
3.7 Command Synchronization ............................................................................................................................. 288 
4 I/O LIBRARY ........................................................................................................................................................... 289 
4.1 Overview of I/O Library .................................................................................................................................. 289 
4.2 I/O Library Installation and Configuration .................................................................................................... 289 
FAULT DIAGNOSES AND REPAIR ................................................................................................................. 291 
1 OPERATING PRINCIPLE ........................................................................................................................................... 291 
1.1 Response of DUT to RF Signal ..................................................................................................................... 291 
1.2 Overall Principle ........................................................................................................................................... 291 
2 FAULT DIAGNOSIS AND TROUBLESHOOTING ......................................................................................................... 292 
2.1 System Problems ........................................................................................................................................... 292 
2.2 Curve Display Anomaly ................................................................................................................................ 293 
2.3 Sweep Problems ............................................................................................................................................ 293 
2.4 Display Problems .......................................................................................................................................... 293 
2.5 No Response of Front Panel Keys ................................................................................................................. 293 
2.6 Menu Failure................................................................................................................................................. 294 
3 ERROR INFORMATION ............................................................................................................................................ 294 
3.1 Local Error Information ............................................................................................................................... 294 
3.2 Program Error Information .......................................................................................................................... 296 
4 REPAIR .................................................................................................................................................................. 307 
4.1 Contact us ..................................................................................................................................................... 307 
4.2 Packaging and Mailing ................................................................................................................................. 308 
TECHNICAL INDICATORS AND MEASUREMENT METHODS................................................................. 309 
1 TECHNICAL INDICATORS ....................................................................................................................................... 309 
1.1 Frequency Range .......................................................................................................................................... 309 
1.2 Frequency Accuracy...................................................................................................................................... 309 
1.3 Frequency Resolution.................................................................................................................................... 309 
1.4 Port Output Harmonic Suppression .............................................................................................................. 309 
1.5 Maximum Output Power of Port ................................................................................................................... 310 
1.6 Accuracy of Port Output Power .................................................................................................................... 311 
1.7Sweep Range of Port Output Power ............................................................................................................... 311 
1.8 Linearity of Port Output Power .................................................................................................................... 312 
1.9 System Trace noise ........................................................................................................................................ 312 
1.10 Dynamic Range of System ........................................................................................................................... 312 
1.11 Indicators of Transmission Tracking, Reflection Tracking, Effective Source Matching and Effective 
Direction .................................................................................................................................................................. 313 
1.12 Port Damage Level ..................................................................................................................................... 314 
1.13 Range of Working Temperature and Storage Temperature ........................................................................ 314 
1.14 Number of Measurement Points .................................................................................................................. 314 
1.15 Measurement Display Format ..................................................................................................................... 314 
1.16 Display Window and Channel ..................................................................................................................... 314 
1.17 Averaging Factor ........................................................................................................................................ 314 
1.18Marker Function .......................................................................................................................................... 314 
1.19Sweep Type ................................................................................................................................................... 315 
1.20 Intermediate Frequency Bandwidth ............................................................................................................ 315 
1.21 Setting of Reference Level Amplitude .......................................................................................................... 315 

AV3672 Series Vector Network Analyzer 
Contents 

1.22 Setting of Reference Phase .......................................................................................................................... 315 
1.23 Storage Function ......................................................................................................................................... 315 
1.24 Port Type ..................................................................................................................................................... 315 
1.25 Interface Types ............................................................................................................................................ 315 
2 MEASUREMENT METHODS .................................................................................................................................... 315 
2.1 Test of Frequency Accuracy .......................................................................................................................... 316 
2.2 Test of Frequency Resolution ........................................................................................................................ 316 
2.3 Test of Port Output Harmonic Suppression .................................................................................................. 317 
2.4 Test of Maximum Output Power of Port ....................................................................................................... 318 
2.5 Test of Port Output Power Accuracy ............................................................................................................ 319 
2.6 Test of Sweep Range of Port Output Power .................................................................................................. 319 
2.7 Linearity of Port Output Power .................................................................................................................... 320 
2.8   System Trace noise Test .............................................................................................................................. 320 
2.9 Dynamic Range Test of System ..................................................................................................................... 321 
2.10 Test of Transmission Tracking, Reflection Tracking, Effective Source Matching, Effective Direction, etc.323 
APPENDIX .............................................................................................................................................................. 328 
APPENDIX 1 TYPICAL MEASUREMENT EXAMPLE .......................................................................................................... 328 
1 Startup, Preheating for 30min and Resetting of Analyzer .................................................................................. 328 
2 Frequency and Power Setting ............................................................................................................................ 328 
3 Selection of Measurement Parameter and Creating of New Trace .................................................................... 329 
4 Calibration. ........................................................................................................................................................ 330 
5 Connection of DUT ............................................................................................................................................ 331 
6 Scale Adjustment and Data and Analysis ........................................................................................................... 331 
7 Recording or Saving of Data .............................................................................................................................. 332 
APPENDIX 2 TIME DOMAIN MEASUREMENT .................................................................................................................. 334 
1 Principle of Time Domain Measurement ........................................................................................................... 334 
2 Resolution and Range of Time Domain Measurement ....................................................................................... 336 
3 Window Filtering ............................................................................................................................................... 340 
4 Time Gate Filtering ............................................................................................................................................ 341 
5 Time Domain Measurement Data ...................................................................................................................... 345 
6 Band-pass and Low-pass Time Domain Mode ................................................................................................... 350 
7 Setting of Time Domain Transformation Measurement ..................................................................................... 352 
APPENDIX 3 FREQUENCY OFFSET MEASUREMENT ........................................................................................................ 355 
1 Setting of Frequency Offset Measurement ......................................................................................................... 355 
2 Setting of Coupling and Non-coupling Mode ..................................................................................................... 356 
3 Calibration of Frequency Offset Measurement .................................................................................................. 358 
4 Typical Application of Frequency Offset Measurement ..................................................................................... 358 
APPENDIX 4 PULSE MEASUREMENT .............................................................................................................................. 363 
1 Time Domain Waveform .................................................................................................................................... 363 
2 [Pulse measurement] Dialog Box ...................................................................................................................... 363 
3 Pulse Envelope ................................................................................................................................................... 364 
4 Wideband Pulse Measurement ........................................................................................................................... 366 
5 Pulse Generator/Modulator Configuration........................................................................................................ 367 
APPENDIX 5 AMPLIFIER GAIN COMPRESSION MEASUREMENT ...................................................................................... 370 
1 Principle of Amplifier Gain Compression .......................................................................................................... 370 
2 Overview of Gain Compression Measurement ................................................................................................... 370 
3 Steps of Gain Compression Measurement.......................................................................................................... 375 
APPENDIX 6 MIXER MEASUREMENT ............................................................................................................................. 383 

AV3672 Series Vector Network Analyzer 
Contents 
1 Overview of Mixer Measurement ....................................................................................................................... 383 
2 Scalar Mixer Measurement ................................................................................................................................ 384 
3 Calibration of Scalar Mixer Measurement ........................................................................................................ 391 
4 Vector Mixer Measurement ................................................................................................................................ 394 
5 Vector Mixer Measurement Calibration ............................................................................................................ 397 
6 EMBEDDED LO MIXER MEASUREMENT .................................................................................................................. 399 
APPENDIX 7 INTERMODULATION DISTORTION MEASUREMENT ..................................................................................... 404 
1 Concept of Intermodulation Distortion .............................................................................................................. 404 
2 Intermodulation Distortion Parameters ............................................................................................................. 405 
3 Intermodulation Distortion Measurement of Amplifier Frequency Sweep ......................................................... 409 
4 Intermodulation Spectrum Measurement of Amplifier Frequency Sweep .......................................................... 415 
 
   

1. Manual Guide

1.1 About the Manual

11

1. Manual Guide

This chapter summarizes the functions, structure and main contents of the user manual of AV3672 vector

network analyzers, and the related documents for the user.

● About the manual ·········································································································· 11

● Related documents ········································································································· 12

1.1 About the Manual

The manual describes the purposes, performance indicators, basic operating theory, operating method,

operation precautions, etc. AV3672 vector network analyzers produced by China Electronics Technology

Instrument Ltd. Co., to help you rapidly get familiar with and understand key points of the instrument

operation and use. Please read this User Manual carefully and follow its guidance.

Due to the limit of time and knowledge of the writer, there may be some omission or error, and you are welcome to

correct any such error. We are sorry for the flaws which may cause your inconvenience.

The user manual includes the following chapters.

● Overview

The chapter provides an overview of the characteristics and operation precautions of AV3672 vector network

analyzers, mainly including a product overview and a safe operation guide.

● Introduction

This chapter describes the preparations before operation of AV3672 vector network analyzers, routine

maintenance of the system and instrument, overview of the front panel and the rear panel, operation interface,

analyzer menus, traces, channels, windows, and analysis and saving of measurement data.

● Measurement setting

This chapter describes various settings of the network analyzer in operation, including resetting of the analyzer,

selection of measurement parameters, setting of the frequency range, setting of the signal power level, setting of

sweep, selection of the trigger mode, selection of the data format and scale, viewing of several traces, opening of

several channels, and setting of the analyzer display.

● Menu

This chapter describes the menu structure and items according to functional categories to facilitate query and

reference.

● Measurement optimization

This chapter describes how to optimize the measurement accuracy by means of proper settings, including reduction

of accessory impacts, improvement of the reflection accuracy of the low-loss double-port device, increase of the

dynamic range, improvement of the measurement results of the electrical length and the measurement accuracy of

the phase, reduction of the trace noise and receiver crosstalk, increase of data points, improvement of the

measurement stability, sweep velocity, multi-state measurement efficiency and rapid data transmission, use of

macros, etc.

● Calibration

This chapter introduces the calibration type and method of AV3672 vector network analyzers to improve the

accuracy of measurement.

● Network measurement basics

This chapter describes the basic concepts and related theories of senior network parameter measurement.

● Remote control

This section outlines the remote control of the instrument, so that the user can rapidly get to know how to remotely

1. Manual Guide

1.2 Related Documents

12

control the instrument. It is divided into four sections: the program control basics describe the concepts related

to program control, software configuration, program-controlled port, SCPI commands, etc.; instrument port

configuration describes the connection and software configuration of the program-controlled port of AV3672

vector network analyzers; basic programming of VISA interface provides an example of basic programming

with text illustration and example codes, so that the user can rapidly get to know the programming method;

and I/O function library describes the basic concepts of the instrument drive and the basic installation and

configuration requirements of the IVI-COM/IVI-C drive.

● Fault diagnosis and repair

This section describes the overall operating theory, fault diagnosis and troubleshooting, and errors and repair.

● Technical indicators and test methods

This section describes the main technical indicators of AV3672 analyzers and the recommended test

instructions for the user.

● Appendix

This section lists the instructions on software accessories of AV3672 vector network analyzers.

1.2 Related Documents

The documents related to AV3672 series vector network analyzer include:

● User Manual

● Program control document

● Quick Start Guide

● Online help

User Manual

This manual introduces the functions and operation methods of the instrument in details, including configuration,

measurement, program control, maintenance, etc. It aims to guide the user to comprehensively understand the

functional characteristics and common test methods of the instrument. It mainly includes the following chapters:

● Manual Navigation

● Overview

● Introduction

● Measurement setting

● Menu

● Measurement optimization

● Calibration

● Network measurement basics

● Remote control

● Fault diagnosis and repair

● Technical indicators and measurement method

● Appendix

Program control document

This manual introduces the remote programming basis, SCPI basis, SCPI commands, programming examples,

I/O drive function library, etc. It aims to guide the user to rapidly and comprehensively know the program control

commands and methods of the instrument. It mainly includes the following chapters:

● Remote control

1. Manual Guide

1.2 Related Documents

13

● Program control commands

● Programming examples

● Error illustration

● Appendix

Quick Start Guide

This manual introduces the basic operations of configuration, start-up and measurement of the instrument, aiming

to help the user rapidly know the characteristics of the instrument and understand basic settings and operations. It

mainly includes the following chapters:

● Preparation for use

● Typical application

● Help

Online help

Online help is integrated in the instrument to provide rapid text navigation help and facilitate local and remote

operation. Hard keys on the front panel of the instrument and tool bars of the user interface can be activated with

corresponding shortcut keys. Main chapters are the same as those in the user manual.

2 Overview

2.1 Product Overview

14

2 Overview

This chapter describes the main performance characteristics, purposes and technical indicators of AV3672

analyzers. It also includes the precautions for proper operation, electrical safety, etc.

● Product overview ··········································································································· 14

● Safe operation guide ································································································· 18

2.1 Product Overview

AV3672 series vector network analyzers are a new generation of vector network analyzer, launched by China

Electronics Technology Instruments Ltd Co. In the hardware, new design concept and technical schemes are

adopted, thus significantly improving key technical performance indicators such as the overall sweep velocity

and dynamic range. In the software, the embedded computer with high-performance microprocessor chip and

platform environment based on Windows7 operating system are applied, thus greatly improving the overall

interconnection and usability.

AV3672 series vector network analyzers have multiple calibration modes such as frequency response, single

port, response isolation, enhanced response, double ports and electrical calibration, and multiple display

modes such as the logarithmic amplitude, linearity amplitude, standing wave, phase, group delay and Smith

chart. It is equipped with various standard interfaces, such as USB, LAN, GPIB and VGA. In addition to all

measurement functions of the traditional vector network analyzer, the instrument can be used to test

comprehensive parameters of multiple functions such as the mixer/converter, active intermodulation distortion

and harmonic distortion, gain compression and two-dimensional sweep and S-parameter of the pulse network,

and accurately measure the amplitude frequency characteristics, phase frequency characteristics and group

delay characteristics of the microwave network.

The instrument can be widely applied in measurement of the transmission/reception (T/R) module, dielectric

material properties, microwave pulse characteristics and photoelectric properties. It is an indispensable tester

in research and production of the phased array radar, communication, RF microwave device and other systems.

Product Features:

➢ 12.1-inch high-resolution touch screen;

➢ Windows operating system and Chinese menu, with optional English menu;

➢ Multiple calibration modes such as the frequency response, single port, frequency isolation, double ports,

TRL and electrical calibration;

➢ 16 display windows capable of displaying 8 traces at the same time, and 64 independent measurement

channels to rapidly implement complex test solutions;

➢ Record/run (one-button operation), greatly simplifying the measurement setting steps and improving the

working efficiency;

➢ Multiple display formats such as the logarithmic amplitude, linearity amplitude, standing wave, phase,

group delay, Smith chart and polar coordinates;

➢ USB, GPIB, LAN and VGA interface;

➢ Two options: single-source stimulus type double-port vector network analyzer and double-source stimulus

type four-port vector network analyzer;

➢ Multiple functions such as the pulse measurement, time domain measurement, mixer measurement,

active intermodulation distortion measurement, gain compression and two-dimensional sweep

measurement, millimeter wave spreading, antenna and RCS measurement reception.

1) Simple and intuitive humane user interface, facilitating operation and improving the test efficiency.

The touch screen, panel keys and mouse can be used to effectively guide the user to properly operate the

instrument. The operation can be made quick and intuitive in the Windows system, thus greatly improving the

2 Overview

2.1 Product Overview

15

test efficiency.

AV3672 series vector network analyzers are equipped with a 12.1-inch 1280*800 touch screen, as shown in

Fig. 2.1, to facilitate operation.

Fig. 2.1 12.1-inch 1280*800 Touch Screen

The soft panel can be set on

the left side or right side of

the screen or hided to

facilitate operation.

Fig. 2.2 Soft Panel Interface

The favorite keys can be set

together among soft shortcut

keys to simplify operation

steps and facilitate operation.

2 Overview

2.1 Product Overview

16

Fig. 2.3 Soft Shortcut Keys

2) Multi-window multi-channel measurement display

AV3672 series vector network analyzers support up to 64 channels and as many as 16 measurement windows

can be displayed at the same time. Up to 8 test traces can be displayed in each window, and frequent state

recalling is not required to measure several parameters of the DUT, thus simplifying the test process.

Fig. 2.4 Multi-window Multi-channel Measurement Display

3) Wide dynamic range

AV3672 series vector network analyzers are designed based on fundamental wave mixed reception, thus

effectively expanding the dynamic range of the overall test and meeting increasing test demands for the wide

dynamic range.

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China Electronics Technology Instruments AV3672 Series User manual

China Electronics Technology Instruments AV3672 Series User manual

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