Dell Networking Configuration Guide for the
C9000 Series
Version 9.10(0.1)
Notes, Cautions, and Warnings
NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your computer.
CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the
problem.
WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.
Copyright © 2015 Dell Inc. All rights reserved. This product is protected by U.S. and international copyright and intellectual property laws.
Dell
â„¢
and the Dell logo are trademarks of Dell Inc. in the United States and/or other jurisdictions. All other marks and names mentioned herein
may be trademarks of their respective companies.
2016 - 05
Rev. A00
Contents
1 About this Guide.................................................................................................................................................... 33
Audience.....................................................................................................................................................................33
Conventions.............................................................................................................................................................. 33
Related Documents................................................................................................................................................. 33
2 Configuration Fundamentals..............................................................................................................................34
Accessing the Command Line...............................................................................................................................34
CLI Modes.................................................................................................................................................................. 34
Navigating CLI Modes........................................................................................................................................36
The do Command....................................................................................................................................................39
Undoing Commands............................................................................................................................................... 39
Obtaining Help..........................................................................................................................................................40
Entering and Editing Commands..........................................................................................................................40
Command History.................................................................................................................................................... 41
Filtering show Command Outputs....................................................................................................................... 41
Multiple Users in Configuration Mode.................................................................................................................43
3 Getting Started...................................................................................................................................................... 44
Console Access........................................................................................................................................................ 44
Serial Console......................................................................................................................................................45
Mounting an NFS File System................................................................................................................................ 46
Important Points to Remember...................................................................................................................... 46
Default Configuration..............................................................................................................................................47
Configuring a Host Name.......................................................................................................................................47
Accessing the System Remotely...........................................................................................................................48
Accessing the System Remotely..................................................................................................................... 48
Configure the Management Port IP Address................................................................................................48
Configure a Management Route.....................................................................................................................48
Configuring a Username and Password........................................................................................................49
Configuring the Enable Password........................................................................................................................ 49
Manage Configuration Files................................................................................................................................... 49
File Storage.......................................................................................................................................................... 50
Copy Files to and from the System................................................................................................................ 50
Save the Running-Configuration.....................................................................................................................51
Configure the Overload Bit for a Startup Scenario......................................................................................52
Viewing Files........................................................................................................................................................ 52
Changes in Configuration Files........................................................................................................................53
Viewing Command History.................................................................................................................................... 53
Upgrading the Dell Networking OS......................................................................................................................53
4 Switch Management.............................................................................................................................................54
Configuring Privilege Levels...................................................................................................................................54
Creating a Custom Privilege Level..................................................................................................................54
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3
Removing a Command from EXEC Mode.................................................................................................... 54
Moving a Command from EXEC Privilege Mode to EXEC Mode............................................................. 54
Allowing Access to CONFIGURATION Mode Commands.........................................................................55
Allowing Access to the Following Modes......................................................................................................55
Applying a Privilege Level to a Username..................................................................................................... 56
Applying a Privilege Level to a Terminal Line................................................................................................57
Configuring Logging................................................................................................................................................ 57
Audit and Security Logs..................................................................................................................................... 57
Configuring Logging Format ......................................................................................................................... 59
Setting Up a Secure Connection to a Syslog Server................................................................................... 59
Track Login Activity.................................................................................................................................................. 61
Restrictions for Tracking Login Activity..........................................................................................................61
Configuring Login Activity Tracking................................................................................................................61
Display Login Statistics.......................................................................................................................................61
Limit Concurrent Login Sessions.......................................................................................................................... 63
Restrictions for Limiting the Number of Concurrent Sessions.................................................................63
Configuring Concurrent Session Limit...........................................................................................................63
Enabling the System to Clear Existing Sessions...........................................................................................63
Log Messages in the Internal Buffer.....................................................................................................................64
Configuration Task List for System Log Management............................................................................... 64
Disabling System Logging...................................................................................................................................... 65
Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server....................................................................................................65
Configuring a UNIX System as a Syslog Server............................................................................................ 65
Display the Logging Buffer and the Logging Configuration........................................................................... 66
Changing System Logging Settings......................................................................................................................66
Configuring a UNIX Logging Facility Level..........................................................................................................67
Synchronizing Log Messages................................................................................................................................ 68
Enabling Timestamp on Syslog Messages.......................................................................................................... 68
File Transfer Services............................................................................................................................................... 69
Configuration Task List for File Transfer Services........................................................................................69
Enabling the FTP Server.................................................................................................................................... 69
Configuring FTP Server Parameters................................................................................................................70
Configuring FTP Client Parameters................................................................................................................ 70
Terminal Lines............................................................................................................................................................71
Denying and Permitting Access to a Terminal Line.....................................................................................71
Configuring Login Authentication for Terminal Lines.................................................................................71
Setting Time Out of EXEC Privilege Mode...........................................................................................................72
Using Telnet to Access Another Network Device..............................................................................................73
Lock CONFIGURATION Mode............................................................................................................................... 73
Viewing the Configuration Lock Status..........................................................................................................73
Recovering from a Forgotten Password .............................................................................................................74
Ignoring the Startup Configuration and Booting from the Factory-Default Configuration.....................75
Recovering from a Failed Start...............................................................................................................................75
Restoring Factory-Default Settings.......................................................................................................................75
Important Point to Remember.........................................................................................................................76
Restoring Factory-Default Boot Environment Variables............................................................................76
Using Hashes to Verify Software Images Before Installation...........................................................................77
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Verifying System Images on C9010 Components............................................................................................ 78
When System Images on C9010 Components Do Not Match.................................................................79
Manually Resetting the System Image on a C9010 Component.............................................................80
Logging in to the Virtual Console of a C9010 Component......................................................................80
Booting the C9010 from an Image on a Network Server..........................................................................80
Configuring C9010 Components to Boot from the RPM CP Image.......................................................81
5 802.1X......................................................................................................................................................................82
The Port-Authentication Process......................................................................................................................... 84
EAP over RADIUS................................................................................................................................................ 85
Configuring 802.1X.................................................................................................................................................. 86
Related Configuration Tasks............................................................................................................................ 86
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................ 86
Enabling 802.1X........................................................................................................................................................ 87
Configuring dot1x Profile ...................................................................................................................................... 89
Configuring MAC addresses for a do1x Profile.................................................................................................. 89
Configuring the Static MAB and MAB Profile .................................................................................................... 90
Configuring Critical VLAN ......................................................................................................................................91
Configuring Request Identity Re-Transmissions............................................................................................... 91
Configuring a Quiet Period after a Failed Authentication............................................................................... 92
Forcibly Authorizing or Unauthorizing a Port.................................................................................................... 93
Re-Authenticating a Port........................................................................................................................................94
Configuring Dynamic VLAN Assignment with Port Authentication.............................................................. 94
Guest and Authentication-Fail VLANs..................................................................................................................95
Configuring a Guest VLAN................................................................................................................................96
Configuring an Authentication-Fail VLAN..................................................................................................... 97
Configuring Timeouts....................................................................................................................................... 98
Multi-Host Authentication......................................................................................................................................99
Configuring Multi-Host AuthenticationConfiguring Single-Host Authentication..............................100
Multi-Supplicant Authentication......................................................................................................................... 102
Configuring Multi-Supplicant AuthenticationRestricting Multi-Supplicant Authentication.............102
MAC Authentication Bypass.................................................................................................................................103
MAB in Single-host and Multi-Host Mode.................................................................................................. 103
MAB in Multi-Supplicant Authentication Mode......................................................................................... 104
Configuring MAC Authentication Bypass....................................................................................................104
Dynamic CoS with 802.1X.................................................................................................................................... 105
6 Access Control Lists (ACLs)............................................................................................................................... 107
IP Access Control Lists (ACLs)..............................................................................................................................107
CAM Usage........................................................................................................................................................ 108
User-Configurable CAM Allocation..............................................................................................................109
Allocating CAM for Ingress ACLs on the Port Extender........................................................................... 109
Allocating CAM for Egress ACLs on the Port Extender............................................................................. 111
Implementing ACLs ......................................................................................................................................... 112
IP Fragment Handling............................................................................................................................................ 113
IP Fragments ACL Examples........................................................................................................................... 113
Layer 4 ACL Rules Examples...........................................................................................................................114
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Configure a Standard IP ACL................................................................................................................................114
Configuring a Standard IP ACL Filter.............................................................................................................115
Configure an Extended IP ACL.............................................................................................................................116
Configuring Filters with a Sequence Number.............................................................................................116
Configuring Filters Without a Sequence Number......................................................................................118
Configure Layer 2 and Layer 3 ACLs...................................................................................................................118
Using ACL VLAN Groups....................................................................................................................................... 119
Guidelines for Configuring ACL VLAN Groups........................................................................................... 119
Configuring an ACL VLAN Group..................................................................................................................120
Allocating ACL VLAN CAM.............................................................................................................................. 121
Applying an IP ACL to an Interface......................................................................................................................121
Applying Ingress ACLs on the Port Extender.............................................................................................. 122
Applying Egress ACLs.......................................................................................................................................122
Applying Layer 3 Egress ACLs on Control-Plane Traffic.......................................................................... 123
Counting ACL Hits............................................................................................................................................124
IP Prefix Lists............................................................................................................................................................124
Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................124
Configuration Task List for Prefix Lists.........................................................................................................124
ACL Resequencing................................................................................................................................................. 128
Resequencing an ACL or Prefix List..............................................................................................................129
Route Maps..............................................................................................................................................................130
Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................130
Important Points to Remember.......................................................................................................................... 130
Configuration Task List for Route Maps...................................................................................................... 130
Configuring Match Routes..............................................................................................................................133
Configuring Set Conditions............................................................................................................................134
Configure a Route Map for Route Redistribution...................................................................................... 135
Configure a Route Map for Route Tagging.................................................................................................135
Continue Clause............................................................................................................................................... 136
Configuring a UDF ACL.........................................................................................................................................136
Hot-Lock Behavior.................................................................................................................................................138
7 Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD)......................................................................................................139
How BFD Works......................................................................................................................................................139
BFD Packet Format.......................................................................................................................................... 140
BFD Sessions...................................................................................................................................................... 141
BFD Three-Way Handshake........................................................................................................................... 142
Session State Changes.................................................................................................................................... 144
Important Points to Remember.......................................................................................................................... 144
Configure BFD.........................................................................................................................................................144
Configure BFD for Static Routes................................................................................................................... 145
Configure BFD for OSPF..................................................................................................................................147
Configure BFD for OSPFv3............................................................................................................................. 150
Configure BFD for IS-IS................................................................................................................................... 151
Configure BFD for BGP................................................................................................................................... 154
Configure BFD for VRRP................................................................................................................................. 160
Configuring Protocol Liveness...................................................................................................................... 163
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8 Border Gateway Protocol IPv4 (BGPv4)......................................................................................................... 164
Autonomous Systems (AS)................................................................................................................................... 164
Sessions and Peers.................................................................................................................................................166
Establish a Session............................................................................................................................................167
Route Reflectors..................................................................................................................................................... 167
Communities.....................................................................................................................................................168
BGP Attributes.........................................................................................................................................................168
Best Path Selection Criteria............................................................................................................................169
Weight................................................................................................................................................................. 170
Local Preference................................................................................................................................................171
Multi-Exit Discriminators (MEDs)................................................................................................................... 171
Origin...................................................................................................................................................................172
AS Path................................................................................................................................................................ 172
Next Hop.............................................................................................................................................................173
Multiprotocol BGP..................................................................................................................................................173
Implement BGP ......................................................................................................................................................173
Additional Path (Add-Path) Support..............................................................................................................173
Advertise IGP Cost as MED for Redistributed Routes............................................................................... 174
Ignore Router-ID for Some Best-Path Calculations................................................................................. 174
Four-Byte AS Numbers....................................................................................................................................174
AS4 Number Representation..........................................................................................................................175
AS Number Migration.......................................................................................................................................176
BGP4 Management Information Base (MIB)............................................................................................... 178
Important Points to Remember.....................................................................................................................178
Configuration Information....................................................................................................................................179
BGP Configuration................................................................................................................................................. 179
Enabling BGP.....................................................................................................................................................180
Configuring AS4 Number Representations.................................................................................................183
Configuring Peer Groups................................................................................................................................184
Configuring BGP Fast Fail-Over.....................................................................................................................187
Configuring Passive Peering.......................................................................................................................... 188
Maintaining Existing AS Numbers During an AS Migration......................................................................189
Allowing an AS Number to Appear in its Own AS Path............................................................................ 190
Enabling Neighbor Graceful Restart.............................................................................................................190
Filtering on an AS-Path Attribute................................................................................................................... 191
Regular Expressions as Filters........................................................................................................................ 192
Redistributing Routes.......................................................................................................................................194
Enabling Additional Paths............................................................................................................................... 194
Configuring IP Community Lists................................................................................................................... 195
Configuring an IP Extended Community List............................................................................................. 196
Filtering Routes with Community Lists........................................................................................................ 197
Manipulating the COMMUNITY Attribute.................................................................................................... 197
Changing MED Attributes............................................................................................................................... 199
Changing the LOCAL_PREFERENCE Attribute...........................................................................................199
Configuring the local System or a Different System to be the Next Hop for BGP-Learned
Routes.................................................................................................................................................................200
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Changing the WEIGHT Attribute...................................................................................................................200
Enabling Multipath............................................................................................................................................201
Filtering BGP Routes........................................................................................................................................ 201
Filtering BGP Routes Using Route Maps..................................................................................................... 202
Filtering BGP Routes Using AS-PATH Information................................................................................... 203
Configuring BGP Route Reflectors.............................................................................................................. 204
Aggregating Routes......................................................................................................................................... 204
Configuring BGP Confederations.................................................................................................................205
Enabling Route Flap Dampening.................................................................................................................. 205
Changing BGP Timers..................................................................................................................................... 207
Enabling BGP Neighbor Soft-Reconfiguration..........................................................................................208
Route Map Continue....................................................................................................................................... 209
Enabling MBGP Configurations.......................................................................................................................... 209
BGP Regular Expression Optimization...............................................................................................................210
Debugging BGP...................................................................................................................................................... 210
Storing Last and Bad PDUs..............................................................................................................................211
Capturing PDUs.................................................................................................................................................212
PDU Counters....................................................................................................................................................213
Sample Configurations..........................................................................................................................................213
9 Content Addressable Memory (CAM)..............................................................................................................222
CAM Allocation....................................................................................................................................................... 222
Test CAM Usage..................................................................................................................................................... 224
View CAM-ACL Settings....................................................................................................................................... 224
View CAM Usage.................................................................................................................................................... 225
Return to the Default CAM Configuration........................................................................................................ 225
CAM Optimization................................................................................................................................................. 226
Applications for CAM Profiling............................................................................................................................ 226
LAG HashingLAG Hashing Based on Bidirectional Flow..........................................................................226
Unified Forwarding Table (UFT) Modes.............................................................................................................226
Configuring UFT Modes.................................................................................................................................. 227
10 Control Plane Policing (CoPP)........................................................................................................................228
CoPP Implementation...........................................................................................................................................228
Protocol-based Control Plane Policing...................................................................................................... 228
Queue-based Control Plane Policing..........................................................................................................228
CoPP Example........................................................................................................................................................ 230
Configure Control Plane Policing....................................................................................................................... 231
Configuring CoPP for Protocols....................................................................................................................231
Examples of Configuring CoPP for Protocols............................................................................................232
Configuring CoPP for CPU Queues............................................................................................................. 233
Examples of Configuring CoPP for CPU Queues......................................................................................234
Displaying CoPP Configuration.....................................................................................................................235
Troubleshooting CoPP Operation......................................................................................................................238
Enabling CPU Traffic Statistics...................................................................................................................... 238
Viewing CPU Traffic Statistics........................................................................................................................238
Troubleshooting CPU Packet Loss...............................................................................................................239
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Viewing Per-Protocol CoPP Counters........................................................................................................ 240
Viewing Per-Queue CoPP Counters............................................................................................................243
11 Data Center Bridging (DCB)............................................................................................................................ 244
Enabling Data Center Bridging............................................................................................................................244
Ethernet Enhancements in Data Center Bridging...........................................................................................245
Priority-Based Flow Control.......................................................................................................................... 246
Enhanced Transmission Selection................................................................................................................247
Data Center Bridging Exchange Protocol (DCBx).....................................................................................248
Data Center Bridging in a Traffic Flow.........................................................................................................248
QoS dot1p Traffic Classification and Queue Assignment............................................................................. 249
SNMP Support for PFC and Buffer Statistics Tracking................................................................................... 249
DCB Maps and its Attributes................................................................................................................................ 250
DCB Map: Configuration Procedure............................................................................................................250
Important Points to Remember.....................................................................................................................251
Applying a DCB Map on a Port...................................................................................................................... 251
Configuring PFC without a DCB Map.......................................................................................................... 252
Configuring Lossless Queues........................................................................................................................ 252
Applying a DCB Map on a Line Card............................................................................................................ 253
Data Center Bridging: Default Configuration...................................................................................................253
Configuration Notes: PFC and ETS in a DCB Map..........................................................................................254
PFC Configuration Notes................................................................................................................................254
ETS Configuration Notes................................................................................................................................ 255
ETS Prerequisites and Restrictions................................................................................................................256
Priority-Group Configuration Notes............................................................................................................ 256
Configuring Priority-Based Flow Control......................................................................................................... 256
Configuring Lossless Queues........................................................................................................................ 257
Configuring Enhanced Transmission Selection...............................................................................................258
Creating an ETS Priority Group..................................................................................................................... 258
ETS Operation with DCBx.............................................................................................................................. 259
Configure a DCBx Operation.............................................................................................................................. 259
DCBx Operation............................................................................................................................................... 260
DCBx Port Roles...............................................................................................................................................260
DCB Configuration Exchange........................................................................................................................261
Configuration Source Election......................................................................................................................262
Propagation of DCB Information..................................................................................................................262
Auto-Detection and Manual Configuration of the DCBx Version.........................................................262
Behavior of Tagged Packets.......................................................................................................................... 263
Configuration Example for DSCP and PFC Priorities................................................................................263
DCBx Example.................................................................................................................................................. 265
DCBx Prerequisites and Restrictions............................................................................................................265
Configuring DCBx............................................................................................................................................266
Verifying the DCB Configuration........................................................................................................................269
Performing PFC Using DSCP Bits Instead of 802.1p Bits...............................................................................279
PFC and ETS Configuration Examples...............................................................................................................279
Using PFC and ETS to Manage Data Center Traffic........................................................................................279
PFC and ETS Configuration Command Examples.....................................................................................281
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Using PFC and ETS to Manage Converged Ethernet Traffic................................................................... 281
Hierarchical Scheduling in ETS Output Policies.........................................................................................281
Priority-Based Flow Control Using Dynamic Buffer Method....................................................................... 282
Pause and Resume of Traffic......................................................................................................................... 282
Buffer Sizes for Lossless or PFC Packets.....................................................................................................283
Configuring the Dynamic Buffer Method......................................................................................................... 283
12 Debugging and Diagnostics............................................................................................................................285
Offline Diagnostics.................................................................................................................................................285
Running Port Extender Offline Diagnostics on the Switch..................................................................... 285
Running Offline Diagnostics on a Standalone Switch.............................................................................. 291
TRACE Logs..............................................................................................................................................................312
Auto Save on Reload, Crash, or Rollover.....................................................................................................312
Uploading Trace Logs......................................................................................................................................312
Last Restart Reason................................................................................................................................................ 313
show hardware Commands.................................................................................................................................313
Environmental Monitoring....................................................................................................................................315
Displaying Port Extender Environment Information ................................................................................ 315
Display Power Supply Status.......................................................................................................................... 316
Display Fan Status.............................................................................................................................................316
Display Transceiver Type.................................................................................................................................317
Recognize an Over-Temperature Condition..............................................................................................318
Troubleshoot an Over-Temperature Condition........................................................................................ 319
Troubleshooting Packet Loss...............................................................................................................................321
Displaying Drop Counters.............................................................................................................................. 322
Displaying Dataplane Statistics......................................................................................................................322
Displaying Line-Card Counters.....................................................................................................................324
Accessing Application Core Dumps...................................................................................................................325
Mini Core Dumps................................................................................................................................................... 325
Full Kernel Core Dumps........................................................................................................................................326
Enabling TCP Dumps............................................................................................................................................ 326
Accessing Port Extender Core and Mini Core Dumps................................................................................... 327
13 Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)...........................................................................................328
DHCP Packet Format and Options.....................................................................................................................328
Assign an IP Address using DHCP...................................................................................................................... 330
Implementation Information................................................................................................................................331
Configure the System to be a DHCP Server..................................................................................................... 331
Configuring the Server for Automatic Address Allocation...................................................................... 332
Specifying a Default Gateway........................................................................................................................333
Configure a Method of Hostname Resolution...........................................................................................334
Using DNS for Address Resolution............................................................................................................... 334
Using NetBIOS WINS for Address Resolution............................................................................................ 334
Creating Manual Binding Entries...................................................................................................................334
Debugging the DHCP Server......................................................................................................................... 335
Using DHCP Clear Commands..................................................................................................................... 335
Configure the System to be a Relay Agent.......................................................................................................335
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Configure the System to be a DHCP Client......................................................................................................337
DHCP Client on a Management Interface...................................................................................................337
DHCP Client Operation with Other Features............................................................................................. 337
Configure Secure DHCP.......................................................................................................................................338
Option 82...........................................................................................................................................................338
DHCP Snooping................................................................................................................................................339
Drop DHCP Packets on Snooped VLANs Only.......................................................................................... 341
Dynamic ARP Inspection................................................................................................................................ 342
Configuring Dynamic ARP Inspection......................................................................................................... 343
Source Address Validation................................................................................................................................... 344
Enabling IP Source Address Validation........................................................................................................344
DHCP MAC Source Address Validation....................................................................................................... 345
Enabling IP+MAC Source Address Validation.............................................................................................345
Viewing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets..........................................................................................345
Clearing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets.........................................................................................346
14 Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP)........................................................................................................................347
ECMP for Flow-Based Affinity............................................................................................................................. 347
Enabling Deterministic ECMP Next Hop..................................................................................................... 347
Configuring the Hash Algorithm Seed.........................................................................................................347
Link Bundle Monitoring...................................................................................................................................348
Managing ECMP Group Paths.............................................................................................................................348
Creating an ECMP Group Bundle.......................................................................................................................349
Modifying the ECMP Group Threshold............................................................................................................. 349
BGP Multipath Operation with Link Bankwidth............................................................................................... 350
Dynamic Re-calculation of Link Bankwidth......................................................................................................351
Weighted ECMP for Static Routes...................................................................................................................... 352
ECMP Support in L3 Host and LPM Tables....................................................................................................... 352
15 FCoE Transit....................................................................................................................................................... 353
Fibre Channel over Ethernet................................................................................................................................353
Ensure Robustness in a Converged Ethernet Network..................................................................................353
FIP Snooping on Ethernet Bridges......................................................................................................................355
FIP Snooping in a Switch Stack........................................................................................................................... 357
Using FIP Snooping................................................................................................................................................357
FIP Snooping Prerequisites.............................................................................................................................357
Important Points to Remember.....................................................................................................................357
Enabling the FCoE Transit Feature............................................................................................................... 358
Enable FIP Snooping on VLANs.....................................................................................................................358
Configure the FC-MAP Value........................................................................................................................ 358
Configure a Port for a Bridge-to-Bridge Link............................................................................................ 359
Configure a Port for a Bridge-to-FCF Link................................................................................................. 359
Impact on Other Software Features.............................................................................................................359
FIP Snooping Restrictions...............................................................................................................................359
Configuring FIP Snooping....................................................................................................................................360
Displaying FIP Snooping Information.................................................................................................................361
FCoE Transit Configuration Example.................................................................................................................366
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16 FIPS Cryptography............................................................................................................................................368
Configuration Tasks...............................................................................................................................................368
Preparing the System............................................................................................................................................ 368
Enabling FIPS Mode...............................................................................................................................................369
Generating Host-Keys...........................................................................................................................................369
Monitoring FIPS Mode Status.............................................................................................................................. 369
Disabling FIPS Mode.............................................................................................................................................. 370
17 Flex Hash and Optimized Boot-Up.................................................................................................................371
Flex Hash Capability Overview.............................................................................................................................371
Configuring the Flex Hash Mechanism..............................................................................................................371
LACP Fast Switchover............................................................................................................................................372
Configuring LACP Fast Switchover.....................................................................................................................372
LACP..........................................................................................................................................................................372
LACP Fast Switchover......................................................................................................................................372
RDMA Over Converged Ethernet (RoCE) Overview........................................................................................372
Sample Configurations..........................................................................................................................................374
..............................................................................................................................................................................374
Preserving 802.1Q VLAN Tag Value for Lite Subinterfaces............................................................................377
18 Force10 Resilient Ring Protocol (FRRP)........................................................................................................378
Protocol Overview................................................................................................................................................. 378
Ring Status......................................................................................................................................................... 379
Multiple FRRP Rings......................................................................................................................................... 379
Important FRRP Points....................................................................................................................................380
Implementing FRRP.........................................................................................................................................380
Important FRRP Concepts.............................................................................................................................. 381
FRRP Configuration............................................................................................................................................... 382
Creating the FRRP Group............................................................................................................................... 382
Configuring the Control VLAN...................................................................................................................... 382
Configuring and Adding the Member VLANs.............................................................................................383
Setting the FRRP Timers................................................................................................................................. 384
Clearing the FRRP Counters.......................................................................................................................... 385
Viewing the FRRP Configuration...................................................................................................................385
Viewing the FRRP Information...................................................................................................................... 385
Troubleshooting FRRP.......................................................................................................................................... 385
Configuration Checks..................................................................................................................................... 385
Sample Configuration and Topology................................................................................................................ 386
19 GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP)...................................................................................................388
Important Points to Remember..........................................................................................................................388
Configure GVRP..................................................................................................................................................... 389
Related Configuration Tasks..........................................................................................................................389
Enabling GVRP Globally........................................................................................................................................389
Enabling GVRP on a Layer 2 Interface...............................................................................................................390
Configure GVRP Registration.............................................................................................................................. 390
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Configure a GARP Timer.......................................................................................................................................391
20 High Availability (HA)....................................................................................................................................... 392
High Availability on Chassis..................................................................................................................................392
High Availability in a PE Stack..............................................................................................................................392
Online Insertion and Removal.............................................................................................................................392
RPM Online Insertion.......................................................................................................................................393
Line Card Online Insertion............................................................................................................................. 393
Pre-configuring a Slot for a Line-Card Type..............................................................................................393
Replacing a Line Card..................................................................................................................................... 394
Hitless Behavior......................................................................................................................................................394
Graceful Restart......................................................................................................................................................395
Software Resiliency................................................................................................................................................395
System Health Monitoring..............................................................................................................................395
Failure and Event Logging.............................................................................................................................. 395
Trace Log........................................................................................................................................................... 395
Core Dumps...................................................................................................................................................... 395
System Log........................................................................................................................................................ 396
Control Plane Redundancy..................................................................................................................................396
Control-Plane Failover....................................................................................................................................396
RPM Synchronization...................................................................................................................................... 397
Forcing an RPM Failover................................................................................................................................. 397
Specifying an Auto-Failover Limit.................................................................................................................398
Disabling Auto-Reboot................................................................................................................................... 398
21 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP)............................................................................................399
IGMP Implementation Information....................................................................................................................399
IGMP Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................399
IGMP Version 2................................................................................................................................................. 399
IGMP Version 3..................................................................................................................................................401
Configure IGMP......................................................................................................................................................403
Related Configuration Tasks..........................................................................................................................404
Viewing IGMP Enabled Interfaces...................................................................................................................... 404
Selecting an IGMP Version...................................................................................................................................404
Viewing IGMP Groups...........................................................................................................................................405
Enabling IGMP Immediate-Leave.......................................................................................................................405
IGMP Snooping...................................................................................................................................................... 405
IGMP Snooping Implementation Information........................................................................................... 406
Configuring IGMP Snooping......................................................................................................................... 406
Removing a Group-Port Association...........................................................................................................406
Disabling Multicast Flooding..........................................................................................................................407
Specifying a Port as Connected to a Multicast Router............................................................................ 407
Configuring the Switch as Querier...............................................................................................................407
Fast Convergence after MSTP Topology Changes.........................................................................................408
Designating a Multicast Router Interface......................................................................................................... 408
22 Interfaces........................................................................................................................................................... 409
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Basic Interface Configuration............................................................................................................................. 409
Advanced Interface Configuration.....................................................................................................................409
Port Numbering......................................................................................................................................................410
Interface Types........................................................................................................................................................413
View Basic Interface Information........................................................................................................................413
Resetting an Interface to its Factory Default State..........................................................................................419
Enabling a Physical Interface............................................................................................................................... 419
Physical Interfaces................................................................................................................................................. 420
Port Pipes...........................................................................................................................................................420
Setting the Speed and Duplex Mode of Ethernet Interfaces.................................................................. 420
Configuration Task List for Physical Interfaces.......................................................................................... 421
Overview of Layer Modes............................................................................................................................... 421
Configuring Layer 2 (Data Link) Mode......................................................................................................... 422
Configuring Layer 2 (Interface) Mode..........................................................................................................422
Configuring Layer 3 (Network) Mode.......................................................................................................... 422
Configuring Layer 3 (Interface) Mode..........................................................................................................423
Egress Interface Selection (EIS)...........................................................................................................................424
Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................... 424
Configuring EIS.................................................................................................................................................424
Management Interfaces........................................................................................................................................425
Configuring a Dedicated Management Interface .....................................................................................425
Configuring a Management Interface on an Ethernet Port.................................................................... 426
Port Extender Interfaces....................................................................................................................................... 427
VLAN Interfaces...................................................................................................................................................... 427
Loopback Interfaces..............................................................................................................................................428
Null Interfaces.........................................................................................................................................................428
Port Channel Interfaces........................................................................................................................................429
Port Channel Definition and Standards.......................................................................................................429
Port Channel Benefits..................................................................................................................................... 429
Port Channel Implementation.......................................................................................................................429
10/40 Gbps Interfaces in Port Channels.....................................................................................................430
Configuration Tasks for Port Channel Interfaces......................................................................................430
Creating a Port Channel................................................................................................................................. 430
Adding a Physical Interface to a Port Channel...........................................................................................431
Reassigning an Interface to a New Port Channel......................................................................................433
Configuring the Minimum Oper Up Links in a Port Channel..................................................................433
Adding or Removing a Port Channel from a VLAN...................................................................................434
Assigning an IP Address to a Port Channel.................................................................................................434
Deleting or Disabling a Port Channel.......................................................................................................... 434
Load Balancing Through Port Channels..................................................................................................... 435
Changing the Hash Algorithm.......................................................................................................................435
Bulk Configuration.................................................................................................................................................436
Interface Range................................................................................................................................................ 436
Bulk Configuration Examples........................................................................................................................ 436
Defining Interface Range Macros.......................................................................................................................438
Define the Interface Range............................................................................................................................ 438
Choosing an Interface-Range Macro.......................................................................................................... 438
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Monitoring and Maintaining Interfaces............................................................................................................. 438
Maintenance Using TDR................................................................................................................................. 439
Displaying Traffic Statistics on HiGig Ports...................................................................................................... 440
Link Bundle Monitoring........................................................................................................................................ 440
Monitoring HiGig Link Bundles............................................................................................................................441
Guidelines for Monitoring HiGig Link-Bundles .........................................................................................442
Enabling HiGig Link-Bundle Monitoring..................................................................................................... 442
Non Dell-Qualified Transceivers........................................................................................................................ 443
Splitting QSFP Ports to SFP+ Ports.................................................................................................................... 444
Converting a QSFP or QSFP+ Port to an SFP or SFP+ Port....................................................................444
Configuring wavelength for 10–Gigabit SFP+ optics.................................................................................... 445
Link Dampening..................................................................................................................................................... 446
Important Points to Remember....................................................................................................................446
Enabling Link Dampening.............................................................................................................................. 446
Using Ethernet Pause Frames for Flow Control..............................................................................................448
Threshold Settings........................................................................................................................................... 448
Enabling Pause Frames................................................................................................................................... 449
Configure the MTU Size on an Interface.......................................................................................................... 449
Auto-Negotiation on Ethernet Interfaces.........................................................................................................450
Set Auto-Negotiation Options...................................................................................................................... 450
View Advanced Interface Information............................................................................................................... 451
Configuring the Interface Sampling Size.................................................................................................... 452
Dynamic Counters.................................................................................................................................................453
Clearing Interface Counters...........................................................................................................................453
23 Internet Protocol Security (IPSec)................................................................................................................. 455
Configuring IPSec ................................................................................................................................................. 455
24 IPv4 Routing...................................................................................................................................................... 457
IP Addresses.............................................................................................................................................................457
Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................457
Configuration Tasks for IP Addresses................................................................................................................458
Assigning IP Addresses to an Interface..............................................................................................................458
Configuring Static Routes.................................................................................................................................... 459
Configure Static Routes for the Management Interface............................................................................... 460
Enabling Directed Broadcast...............................................................................................................................460
Resolution of Host Names...................................................................................................................................460
Enabling Dynamic Resolution of Host Names.................................................................................................461
Specifying the Local System Domain and a List of Domains........................................................................461
Configuring DNS with Traceroute......................................................................................................................462
ARP............................................................................................................................................................................462
Configuration Tasks for ARP..........................................................................................................................463
Configuring Static ARP Entries...................................................................................................................... 463
Configuring ARP Inspection Trust................................................................................................................464
Configuring ARP Timeout.............................................................................................................................. 464
Enabling Proxy ARP..........................................................................................................................................464
Clearing ARP Cache........................................................................................................................................ 464
Contents
15
ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP..................................................................................................................465
Enabling ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP.................................................................................................465
ARP Learning via ARP Request...................................................................................................................... 466
Configuring ARP Retries................................................................................................................................. 466
ICMP..........................................................................................................................................................................467
Configuration Tasks for ICMP........................................................................................................................467
Enabling ICMP Unreachable Messages....................................................................................................... 467
25 IPv6 Routing...................................................................................................................................................... 468
Protocol Overview.................................................................................................................................................468
Extended Address Space................................................................................................................................ 468
Stateless Autoconfiguration...........................................................................................................................468
IPv6 Headers..................................................................................................................................................... 469
IPv6 Header Fields............................................................................................................................................470
Extension Header Fields..................................................................................................................................472
IPv6 Addressing.................................................................................................................................................473
IPv6 Implementation on the Dell Networking OS.......................................................................................... 474
Configuring the LPM Table for IPv6 Extended Prefixes................................................................................. 475
ICMPv6..................................................................................................................................................................... 476
Path MTU Discovery.............................................................................................................................................. 476
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery......................................................................................................................................476
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery of MTU Packets.................................................................................................. 477
Configuring the IPv6 Recursive DNS Server............................................................................................... 477
Secure Shell (SSH) Over an IPv6 Transport.......................................................................................................479
Configuration Tasks for IPv6............................................................................................................................... 479
Adjusting Your CAM Profile............................................................................................................................479
Assigning an IPv6 Address to an Interface..................................................................................................480
Assigning a Static IPv6 Route.........................................................................................................................481
Configuring Telnet with IPv6......................................................................................................................... 481
SNMP over IPv6.................................................................................................................................................481
Displaying IPv6 Information...........................................................................................................................482
Displaying an IPv6 Configuration................................................................................................................. 482
Displaying IPv6 Routes....................................................................................................................................483
Displaying the Running Configuration for an Interface...........................................................................484
Clearing IPv6 Routes....................................................................................................................................... 484
26 Intermediate System to Intermediate System.............................................................................................486
IS-IS Protocol Overview....................................................................................................................................... 486
IS-IS Addressing..................................................................................................................................................... 486
Multi-Topology IS-IS............................................................................................................................................. 487
Transition Mode................................................................................................................................................487
Interface Support............................................................................................................................................. 488
Adjacencies....................................................................................................................................................... 488
Graceful Restart......................................................................................................................................................488
Timers.................................................................................................................................................................488
Implementation Information...............................................................................................................................489
Configuration Information...................................................................................................................................489
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16
Configuration Tasks for IS-IS.........................................................................................................................490
Configuring the Distance of a Route........................................................................................................... 497
Changing the IS-Type.....................................................................................................................................498
Redistributing IPv4 Routes.............................................................................................................................500
Redistributing IPv6 Routes..............................................................................................................................501
Configuring Authentication Passwords.......................................................................................................502
Setting the Overload Bit..................................................................................................................................502
Debugging IS-IS................................................................................................................................................503
IS-IS Metric Styles.................................................................................................................................................. 504
Configure Metric Values.......................................................................................................................................504
Maximum Values in the Routing Table........................................................................................................504
Change the IS-IS Metric Style in One Level Only......................................................................................504
Leaks from One Level to Another.................................................................................................................506
Sample Configurations..........................................................................................................................................507
27 iSCSI Optimization............................................................................................................................................509
iSCSI Optimization Overview.............................................................................................................................. 509
Default iSCSI Optimization Values...................................................................................................................... 511
iSCSI Optimization Prerequisites......................................................................................................................... 511
Configuring iSCSI Optimization...........................................................................................................................511
Displaying iSCSI Optimization Information.......................................................................................................513
Enable and Disable iSCSI Optimization............................................................................................................. 514
Synchronizing iSCSI Sessions Learned on VLT-Lags with VLT-Peer...........................................................515
Monitoring iSCSI Traffic Flows.............................................................................................................................515
Information Monitored in iSCSI Traffic Flows...................................................................................................515
Detection and Auto-Configuration for Dell EqualLogic Arrays....................................................................516
Configuring Detection and Ports for Dell Compellent Arrays...................................................................... 516
Application of Quality of Service to iSCSI Traffic Flows................................................................................. 517
28 Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP)..................................................................................................518
Introduction to Dynamic LAGs and LACP.........................................................................................................518
Important Points to Remember.....................................................................................................................518
LACP Modes.......................................................................................................................................................519
Configuring LACP Commands...................................................................................................................... 519
LACP Configuration Tasks....................................................................................................................................520
Creating a LAG..................................................................................................................................................520
Configuring the LAG Interfaces as Dynamic..............................................................................................520
Setting the LACP Long Timeout.................................................................................................................... 521
Monitoring and Debugging LACP................................................................................................................. 521
Shared LAG State Tracking...................................................................................................................................522
Configuring Shared LAG State Tracking......................................................................................................522
Important Points about Shared LAG State Tracking................................................................................. 523
LACP Basic Configuration Example................................................................................................................... 524
Configure a LAG on ALPHA............................................................................................................................524
29 Layer 2.................................................................................................................................................................532
Manage the MAC Address Table......................................................................................................................... 532
Contents
17
Clearing the MAC Address Table...................................................................................................................532
Setting the Aging Time for Dynamic Entries...............................................................................................532
Configuring a Static MAC Address................................................................................................................533
Displaying the MAC Address Table...............................................................................................................533
MAC Learning Limit................................................................................................................................................533
Setting the MAC Learning Limit.....................................................................................................................534
mac learning-limit Dynamic.......................................................................................................................... 534
mac learning-limit mac-address-sticky...................................................................................................... 534
mac learning-limit station-move..................................................................................................................535
mac learning-limit no-station-move........................................................................................................... 535
Learning Limit Violation Actions....................................................................................................................535
Setting Station Move Violation Actions........................................................................................................535
Recovering from Learning Limit and Station Move Violations............................................................... 536
Disabling MAC Address Learning on the System.......................................................................................536
NIC Teaming............................................................................................................................................................537
Configure Redundant Pairs..................................................................................................................................538
Important Points about Configuring Redundant Pairs.............................................................................540
Far-End Failure Detection.....................................................................................................................................541
FEFD State Changes.........................................................................................................................................542
Configuring FEFD............................................................................................................................................. 543
Enabling FEFD on an Interface...................................................................................................................... 543
Debugging FEFD...............................................................................................................................................544
30 Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)...........................................................................................................546
802.1AB (LLDP) Overview.....................................................................................................................................546
Protocol Data Units......................................................................................................................................... 546
Optional TLVs..........................................................................................................................................................547
Management TLVs........................................................................................................................................... 548
TIA-1057 (LLDP-MED) Overview........................................................................................................................ 549
TIA Organizationally Specific TLVs............................................................................................................... 550
Configure LLDP.......................................................................................................................................................553
Related Configuration Tasks.......................................................................................................................... 553
Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................... 554
LLDP Compatibility.......................................................................................................................................... 554
CONFIGURATION versus INTERFACE Configurations...................................................................................554
Enabling LLDP......................................................................................................................................................... 555
Disabling and Undoing LLDP......................................................................................................................... 555
Enabling LLDP on Management Ports...............................................................................................................555
Disabling and Undoing LLDP on Management Ports............................................................................... 555
Advertising TLVs..................................................................................................................................................... 556
Viewing the LLDP Configuration.........................................................................................................................557
Viewing Information Advertised by Adjacent LLDP Agents...........................................................................558
Configuring LLDPDU Intervals............................................................................................................................ 558
Configuring Transmit and Receive Mode......................................................................................................... 559
Configuring a Time to Live.................................................................................................................................. 560
Debugging LLDP.....................................................................................................................................................561
Relevant Management Objects........................................................................................................................... 561
Version 9.10(0.1)
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31 Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP)..............................................................................................567
Protocol Overview................................................................................................................................................. 567
Anycast RP...............................................................................................................................................................568
Implementation Information............................................................................................................................... 569
Configure Multicast Source Discovery Protocol.............................................................................................569
Related Configuration Tasks..........................................................................................................................569
Enable MSDP............................................................................................................................................................571
Manage the Source-Active Cache...................................................................................................................... 571
Viewing the Source-Active Cache................................................................................................................ 571
Limiting the Source-Active Cache................................................................................................................572
Clearing the Source-Active Cache............................................................................................................... 572
Enabling the Rejected Source-Active Cache..............................................................................................572
Accept Source-Active Messages that Fail the RFP Check............................................................................. 572
Specifying Source-Active Messages...................................................................................................................575
Limiting the Source-Active Messages from a Peer......................................................................................... 575
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Local Source............................................................................................. 575
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Remote Source........................................................................................ 576
Preventing MSDP from Advertising a Local Source........................................................................................ 577
Logging Changes in Peership States.................................................................................................................. 577
Terminating a Peership......................................................................................................................................... 578
Clearing Peer Statistics..........................................................................................................................................578
Debugging MSDP................................................................................................................................................... 579
MSDP with Anycast RP.......................................................................................................................................... 579
Configuring Anycast RP........................................................................................................................................580
Reducing Source-Active Message Flooding...............................................................................................581
Specifying the RP Address Used in SA Messages.......................................................................................581
MSDP Sample Configurations............................................................................................................................. 583
32 Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP)..................................................................................................... 588
Protocol Overview.................................................................................................................................................588
Spanning Tree Variations......................................................................................................................................589
Implementation Information......................................................................................................................... 589
Configure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol.................................................................................................... 589
Related Configuration Tasks..........................................................................................................................589
Enable Multiple Spanning Tree Globally........................................................................................................... 590
Adding and Removing Interfaces....................................................................................................................... 590
Creating Multiple Spanning Tree Instances......................................................................................................590
Influencing MSTP Root Selection....................................................................................................................... 591
Interoperate with Non-Dell Bridges...................................................................................................................592
Changing the Region Name or Revision...........................................................................................................592
Modifying Global Parameters.............................................................................................................................. 593
Modifying the Interface Parameters...................................................................................................................594
Configuring an EdgePort......................................................................................................................................595
Flush MAC Addresses after a Topology Change............................................................................................. 595
MSTP Sample Configurations..............................................................................................................................596
Contents
19
Router 1 Running-ConfigurationRouter 2 Running-ConfigurationRouter 3 Running-
ConfigurationExample Running-Configuration........................................................................................ 596
Debugging and Verifying MSTP Configurations..............................................................................................599
33 Multicast Features.............................................................................................................................................601
Enabling IP Multicast............................................................................................................................................. 601
Implementation Information............................................................................................................................... 601
First Packet Forwarding for Lossless Multicast................................................................................................602
Multicast Policies....................................................................................................................................................602
IPv4 Multicast Policies.....................................................................................................................................602
34 Object Tracking.................................................................................................................................................610
Object Tracking Overview....................................................................................................................................610
Track Layer 2 Interfaces...................................................................................................................................611
Track Layer 3 Interfaces...................................................................................................................................611
Track IPv4 and IPv6 Routes............................................................................................................................612
Track a Metric Threshold................................................................................................................................ 612
Tracking a Metric Threshold...........................................................................................................................612
Track Route Reachability................................................................................................................................ 614
Tracking Route Reachability...........................................................................................................................614
Set Tracking Delays.......................................................................................................................................... 615
VRRP Object Tracking......................................................................................................................................615
Object Tracking Configuration............................................................................................................................616
Tracking a Layer 2 Interface...........................................................................................................................616
Tracking a Layer 3 Interface........................................................................................................................... 617
Displaying Tracked Objects..................................................................................................................................618
35 Open Shortest Path First (OSPFv2 and OSPFv3)......................................................................................... 620
Protocol Overview.................................................................................................................................................620
Autonomous System (AS) Areas....................................................................................................................620
Area Types..........................................................................................................................................................621
Networks and Neighbors................................................................................................................................622
Router Types..................................................................................................................................................... 622
Designated and Backup Designated Routers.............................................................................................624
Link-State Advertisements (LSAs)................................................................................................................. 624
Router Priority and Cost................................................................................................................................. 625
OSPF Implementation...........................................................................................................................................626
Fast Convergence (OSPFv2, IPv4 Only).......................................................................................................627
Multi-Process OSPFv2 (IPv4 only).................................................................................................................627
RFC-2328 Compliant OSPF Flooding.......................................................................................................... 627
OSPF ACK Packing...........................................................................................................................................628
Setting OSPF Adjacency with Cisco Routers..............................................................................................628
Configuration Information...................................................................................................................................629
Configuration Task List for OSPFv2 (OSPF for IPv4).................................................................................629
Sample Configurations for OSPFv2....................................................................................................................641
Basic OSPFv2 Router Topology.....................................................................................................................641
OSPF Area 0 — Te 1/1 and 1/2....................................................................................................................... 641
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