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PowerSwitch Z9100-ON

Dell PowerSwitch Z9100-ON User guide

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Dell Networking OS Conguration Guide for the
Z9100–ON System
9.10(0.0)
Notes, cautions, and warnings
NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your computer.
CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the problem.
WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.
© 2016 Dell Inc. All rights reserved. This product is protected by U.S. and international copyright and intellectual property laws. Dell and the Dell logo are
trademarks of Dell Inc. in the United States and/or other jurisdictions. All other marks and names mentioned herein may be trademarks of their respective
companies.
2016 - 04
Rev. A00
Contents
1 About this Guide........................................................................................................................................... 31
Audience............................................................................................................................................................................ 31
Conventions.......................................................................................................................................................................31
Related Documents.......................................................................................................................................................... 31
2 Conguration Fundamentals........................................................................................................................ 32
Accessing the Command Line........................................................................................................................................32
CLI Modes.........................................................................................................................................................................32
Navigating CLI Modes............................................................................................................................................... 34
The do Command............................................................................................................................................................ 36
Undoing Commands........................................................................................................................................................ 37
Obtaining Help.................................................................................................................................................................. 37
Entering and Editing Commands....................................................................................................................................38
Command History............................................................................................................................................................38
Filtering show Command Outputs.................................................................................................................................39
Example of the grep Keyword..................................................................................................................................39
Multiple Users in Conguration Mode...........................................................................................................................40
3 Getting Started............................................................................................................................................ 41
Console Access................................................................................................................................................................ 42
Serial Console............................................................................................................................................................. 42
Micro USB-B Access.................................................................................................................................................43
Default Conguration...................................................................................................................................................... 44
Conguring a Host Name............................................................................................................................................... 44
Accessing the System Remotely....................................................................................................................................44
Accessing the System Remotely..............................................................................................................................44
Congure the Management Port IP Address......................................................................................................... 44
Congure a Management Route..............................................................................................................................45
Conguring a Username and Password.................................................................................................................. 45
Conguring the Enable Password..................................................................................................................................45
Conguration File Management.....................................................................................................................................46
Copy Files to and from the System......................................................................................................................... 46
Mounting an NFS File System..................................................................................................................................47
Save the Running-Conguration..............................................................................................................................48
Congure the Overload Bit for a Startup Scenario............................................................................................... 49
Viewing Files...............................................................................................................................................................49
Managing the File System.............................................................................................................................................. 50
View Command History.................................................................................................................................................. 50
Upgrading Dell Networking OS...................................................................................................................................... 50
Using HTTP for File Transfers.........................................................................................................................................51
Verify Software Images Before Installation....................................................................................................................51
4 Management............................................................................................................................................... 53
Contents
3
Conguring Privilege Levels............................................................................................................................................53
Creating a Custom Privilege Level...........................................................................................................................53
Removing a Command from EXEC Mode.............................................................................................................. 54
Moving a Command from EXEC Privilege Mode to EXEC Mode........................................................................54
Allowing Access to CONFIGURATION Mode Commands....................................................................................54
Allowing Access to Dierent Modes........................................................................................................................54
Applying a Privilege Level to a Username...............................................................................................................56
Applying a Privilege Level to a Terminal Line.......................................................................................................... 56
Conguring Logging........................................................................................................................................................ 56
Audit and Security Logs............................................................................................................................................ 57
Conguring Logging Format ...................................................................................................................................58
Setting Up a Secure Connection to a Syslog Server.............................................................................................58
Log Messages in the Internal Buer..............................................................................................................................60
Conguration Task List for System Log Management..........................................................................................60
Disabling System Logging...............................................................................................................................................60
Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server............................................................................................................60
Conguring a UNIX System as a Syslog Server.....................................................................................................60
Track Login Activity.......................................................................................................................................................... 61
Restrictions for Tracking Login Activity................................................................................................................... 61
Conguring Login Activity Tracking..........................................................................................................................61
Display Login Statistics..............................................................................................................................................62
Limit Concurrent Login Sessions....................................................................................................................................63
Restrictions for Limiting the Number of Concurrent Sessions............................................................................ 63
Conguring Concurrent Session Limit.....................................................................................................................63
Enabling the System to Clear Existing Sessions.................................................................................................... 64
Changing System Logging Settings...............................................................................................................................64
Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration........................................................................................65
Conguring a UNIX Logging Facility Level....................................................................................................................66
Synchronizing Log Messages......................................................................................................................................... 67
Enabling Timestamp on Syslog Messages.................................................................................................................... 67
File Transfer Services.......................................................................................................................................................67
Conguration Task List for File Transfer Services..................................................................................................68
Enabling the FTP Server...........................................................................................................................................68
Conguring FTP Server Parameters....................................................................................................................... 68
Conguring FTP Client Parameters.........................................................................................................................69
Terminal Lines...................................................................................................................................................................69
Denying and Permitting Access to a Terminal Line................................................................................................69
Conguring Login Authentication for Terminal Lines.............................................................................................70
Setting Timeout for EXEC Privilege Mode.................................................................................................................... 71
Using Telnet to get to Another Network Device.......................................................................................................... 72
Lock CONFIGURATION Mode....................................................................................................................................... 72
Viewing the Conguration Lock Status...................................................................................................................73
Reloading the system...................................................................................................................................................... 73
Restoring the Factory Default Settings.........................................................................................................................74
Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................ 74
Restoring Factory Default Environment Variables................................................................................................. 75
4
Contents
5 802.1X..........................................................................................................................................................76
Port-Authentication Process.......................................................................................................................................... 78
EAP over RADIUS......................................................................................................................................................79
Conguring 802.1X...........................................................................................................................................................79
Related Conguration Tasks..................................................................................................................................... 79
Important Points to Remember......................................................................................................................................79
Enabling 802.1X................................................................................................................................................................ 80
Conguring dot1x Prole .................................................................................................................................................81
Conguring the Static MAB and MAB Prole .............................................................................................................82
Conguring Critical VLAN ..............................................................................................................................................82
Conguring MAC addresses for a do1x Prole.............................................................................................................83
Conguring Request Identity Re-Transmissions...........................................................................................................84
Conguring a Quiet Period after a Failed Authentication..................................................................................... 84
Forcibly Authorizing or Unauthorizing a Port............................................................................................................... 85
Re-Authenticating a Port................................................................................................................................................86
Conguring Timeouts...................................................................................................................................................... 87
Conguring Dynamic VLAN Assignment with Port Authentication...........................................................................88
Guest and Authentication-Fail VLANs.......................................................................................................................... 89
Conguring a Guest VLAN....................................................................................................................................... 89
Conguring an Authentication-Fail VLAN...............................................................................................................89
6 Access Control List (ACL) VLAN Groups and Content Addressable Memory (CAM).................................... 91
Optimizing CAM Utilization During the Attachment of ACLs to VLANs................................................................... 91
Guidelines for Conguring ACL VLAN Groups.............................................................................................................92
Conguring ACL VLAN Groups and Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters................................................ 92
Conguring ACL VLAN Groups................................................................................................................................92
Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters........................................................................................................ 93
Viewing CAM Usage........................................................................................................................................................94
Allocating FP Blocks for VLAN Processes....................................................................................................................95
7 Access Control Lists (ACLs)........................................................................................................................ 96
IP Access Control Lists (ACLs).......................................................................................................................................97
CAM Usage.................................................................................................................................................................97
Implementing ACLs on Dell Networking OS...........................................................................................................99
Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................................... 100
Conguration Task List for Route Maps................................................................................................................100
Conguring Match Routes...................................................................................................................................... 102
Conguring Set Conditions.....................................................................................................................................104
Congure a Route Map for Route Redistribution.................................................................................................105
Congure a Route Map for Route Tagging........................................................................................................... 105
Continue Clause....................................................................................................................................................... 105
IP Fragment Handling.................................................................................................................................................... 106
IP Fragments ACL Examples...................................................................................................................................106
Layer 4 ACL Rules Examples...................................................................................................................................106
Congure a Standard IP ACL........................................................................................................................................ 107
Conguring a Standard IP ACL Filter.....................................................................................................................108
Contents
5
Congure an Extended IP ACL.....................................................................................................................................109
Conguring Filters with a Sequence Number.......................................................................................................109
Conguring Filters Without a Sequence Number................................................................................................. 110
Congure Layer 2 and Layer 3 ACLs............................................................................................................................. 111
Assign an IP ACL to an Interface................................................................................................................................... 111
Applying an IP ACL..........................................................................................................................................................112
Counting ACL Hits.....................................................................................................................................................112
Congure Ingress ACLs.................................................................................................................................................. 113
Congure Egress ACLs...................................................................................................................................................113
Applying Egress Layer 3 ACLs (Control-Plane)..................................................................................................... 114
Conguring UDF ACL..................................................................................................................................................... 114
IP Prex Lists................................................................................................................................................................... 117
Implementation Information..................................................................................................................................... 117
Conguration Task List for Prex Lists................................................................................................................... 117
ACL Resequencing..........................................................................................................................................................121
Resequencing an ACL or Prex List........................................................................................................................121
Route Maps.....................................................................................................................................................................122
Implementation Information.................................................................................................................................... 123
Flow-Based Monitoring Support for ACLs.................................................................................................................. 123
Behavior of Flow-Based Monitoring.......................................................................................................................123
Enabling Flow-Based Monitoring............................................................................................................................124
8 Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD).................................................................................................. 126
How BFD Works............................................................................................................................................................. 126
BFD Packet Format..................................................................................................................................................127
BFD Sessions............................................................................................................................................................ 128
BFD Three-Way Handshake.................................................................................................................................... 129
Session State Changes.............................................................................................................................................131
Important Points to Remember..................................................................................................................................... 131
Congure BFD................................................................................................................................................................. 131
Congure BFD for Physical Ports...........................................................................................................................132
Congure BFD for Static Routes............................................................................................................................135
Congure BFD for OSPF.........................................................................................................................................136
Congure BFD for OSPFv3.....................................................................................................................................139
Congure BFD for IS-IS...........................................................................................................................................140
Congure BFD for BGP........................................................................................................................................... 142
Congure BFD for VRRP.........................................................................................................................................149
Conguring Protocol Liveness.................................................................................................................................151
Troubleshooting BFD.................................................................................................................................................151
9 Border Gateway Protocol IPv4 (BGPv4).................................................................................................... 153
Autonomous Systems (AS)........................................................................................................................................... 153
Sessions and Peers........................................................................................................................................................ 155
Establish a Session...................................................................................................................................................155
Route Reectors.............................................................................................................................................................156
BGP Attributes................................................................................................................................................................157
Best Path Selection Criteria.................................................................................................................................... 157
6
Contents
Weight........................................................................................................................................................................159
Local Preference.......................................................................................................................................................159
Multi-Exit Discriminators (MEDs)...........................................................................................................................160
Origin.......................................................................................................................................................................... 161
AS Path.......................................................................................................................................................................161
Next Hop................................................................................................................................................................... 162
Multiprotocol BGP..........................................................................................................................................................162
Implement BGP with Dell Networking OS...................................................................................................................163
Additional Path (Add-Path) Support......................................................................................................................163
Advertise IGP Cost as MED for Redistributed Routes........................................................................................ 163
Ignore Router-ID in Best-Path Calculation............................................................................................................ 164
Four-Byte AS Numbers............................................................................................................................................164
AS4 Number Representation.................................................................................................................................. 164
AS Number Migration.............................................................................................................................................. 166
BGP4 Management Information Base (MIB)........................................................................................................ 167
Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 167
Conguration Information..............................................................................................................................................168
BGP Conguration......................................................................................................................................................... 168
Enabling BGP............................................................................................................................................................ 169
Conguring AS4 Number Representations........................................................................................................... 172
Conguring Peer Groups......................................................................................................................................... 173
Conguring BGP Fast Fall-Over............................................................................................................................. 176
Conguring Passive Peering....................................................................................................................................177
Maintaining Existing AS Numbers During an AS Migration................................................................................. 178
Allowing an AS Number to Appear in its Own AS Path....................................................................................... 179
Enabling Graceful Restart....................................................................................................................................... 180
Enabling Neighbor Graceful Restart....................................................................................................................... 181
Filtering on an AS-Path Attribute............................................................................................................................181
Regular Expressions as Filters.................................................................................................................................182
Redistributing Routes...............................................................................................................................................184
Enabling Additional Paths........................................................................................................................................ 184
Conguring IP Community Lists............................................................................................................................. 185
Conguring an IP Extended Community List........................................................................................................186
Filtering Routes with Community Lists.................................................................................................................. 187
Manipulating the COMMUNITY Attribute............................................................................................................. 187
Changing MED Attributes....................................................................................................................................... 189
Changing the LOCAL_PREFERENCE Attribute.................................................................................................. 189
Changing the NEXT_HOP Attribute......................................................................................................................190
Changing the WEIGHT Attribute............................................................................................................................190
Enabling Multipath.................................................................................................................................................... 191
Filtering BGP Routes................................................................................................................................................ 191
Filtering BGP Routes Using Route Maps...............................................................................................................192
Filtering BGP Routes Using AS-PATH Information.............................................................................................. 193
Conguring BGP Route Reectors........................................................................................................................ 193
Aggregating Routes..................................................................................................................................................194
Conguring BGP Confederations...........................................................................................................................194
Enabling Route Flap Dampening.............................................................................................................................195
Contents
7
Changing BGP Timers..............................................................................................................................................197
Enabling BGP Neighbor Soft-Reconguration..................................................................................................... 198
Route Map Continue................................................................................................................................................199
Enabling MBGP Congurations.................................................................................................................................... 199
BGP Regular Expression Optimization........................................................................................................................200
Debugging BGP............................................................................................................................................................. 200
Storing Last and Bad PDUs.....................................................................................................................................201
Capturing PDUs....................................................................................................................................................... 202
PDU Counters.......................................................................................................................................................... 203
Sample Congurations.................................................................................................................................................. 203
10 Content Addressable Memory (CAM)...................................................................................................... 209
CAM Allocation.............................................................................................................................................................. 209
Test CAM Usage..............................................................................................................................................................211
View CAM-ACL Settings................................................................................................................................................211
View CAM Usage............................................................................................................................................................212
CAM Optimization.......................................................................................................................................................... 213
Troubleshoot CAM Proling...........................................................................................................................................213
CAM Prole Mismatches.........................................................................................................................................213
QoS CAM Region Limitation................................................................................................................................... 213
Syslog Error When the Table is Full........................................................................................................................ 214
Syslog Warning Upon 90 Percent Utilization of CAM..........................................................................................214
Syslog Warning for Discrepancies Between Congured Extended Prexes.....................................................214
Unied Forwarding Table (UFT) Modes...................................................................................................................... 214
Conguring UFT Modes.......................................................................................................................................... 214
11 Control Plane Policing (CoPP)...................................................................................................................216
Congure Control Plane Policing.................................................................................................................................. 217
Conguring CoPP for Protocols............................................................................................................................. 218
Conguring CoPP for CPU Queues...................................................................................................................... 220
Displaying CoPP Conguration ..............................................................................................................................221
12 Data Center Bridging (DCB)..................................................................................................................... 223
Ethernet Enhancements in Data Center Bridging..................................................................................................... 223
Priority-Based Flow Control................................................................................................................................... 224
Enhanced Transmission Selection..........................................................................................................................225
Data Center Bridging Exchange Protocol (DCBx)...............................................................................................226
Data Center Bridging in a Trac Flow...................................................................................................................227
Enabling Data Center Bridging..................................................................................................................................... 227
DCB Maps and its Attributes..................................................................................................................................228
Data Center Bridging: Default Conguration..............................................................................................................228
Conguring Priority-Based Flow Control.................................................................................................................... 229
Conguring Lossless Queues................................................................................................................................. 230
Conguring PFC in a DCB Map.................................................................................................................................... 231
PFC Conguration Notes........................................................................................................................................ 231
PFC Prerequisites and Restrictions....................................................................................................................... 232
Applying a DCB Map on a Port.................................................................................................................................... 232
8
Contents
Conguring PFC without a DCB Map.........................................................................................................................233
Priority-Based Flow Control Using Dynamic Buer Method....................................................................................233
Pause and Resume of Trac..................................................................................................................................233
Buer Sizes for Lossless or PFC Packets.............................................................................................................234
Behavior of Tagged Packets.........................................................................................................................................234
Conguration Example for DSCP and PFC Priorities................................................................................................235
SNMP Support for PFC and Buer Statistics Tracking............................................................................................235
Performing PFC Using DSCP Bits Instead of 802.1p Bits.........................................................................................236
PFC and ETS Conguration Examples........................................................................................................................237
Using PFC to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac...................................................................................................237
Operations on Untagged Packets................................................................................................................................ 237
Generation of PFC for a Priority for Untagged Packets........................................................................................... 237
Congure Enhanced Transmission Selection..............................................................................................................237
Creating an ETS Priority Group..............................................................................................................................238
ETS Operation with DCBx...................................................................................................................................... 239
Conguring ETS in a DCB Map..............................................................................................................................239
Hierarchical Scheduling in ETS Output Policies......................................................................................................... 240
Using ETS to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac....................................................................................................241
Applying DCB Policies in a Switch Stack.....................................................................................................................241
Congure a DCBx Operation.........................................................................................................................................241
DCBx Operation........................................................................................................................................................241
DCBx Port Roles...................................................................................................................................................... 242
DCB Conguration Exchange.................................................................................................................................243
Conguration Source Election................................................................................................................................243
Propagation of DCB Information............................................................................................................................244
Auto-Detection and Manual Conguration of the DCBx Version...................................................................... 244
DCBx Example..........................................................................................................................................................245
DCBx Prerequisites and Restrictions.....................................................................................................................245
Conguring DCBx....................................................................................................................................................245
Verifying the DCB Conguration..................................................................................................................................248
QoS dot1p Trac Classication and Queue Assignment..........................................................................................255
Conguring the Dynamic Buer Method................................................................................................................... 256
Sample DCB Conguration...........................................................................................................................................257
PFC and ETS Conguration Command Examples...............................................................................................258
13 Dynamic Host Conguration Protocol (DHCP).........................................................................................259
DHCP Packet Format and Options............................................................................................................................. 259
Assign an IP Address using DHCP................................................................................................................................261
Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................262
Congure the System to be a DHCP Server..............................................................................................................262
Conguring the Server for Automatic Address Allocation..................................................................................263
Specifying a Default Gateway................................................................................................................................ 264
Congure a Method of Hostname Resolution..................................................................................................... 264
Using DNS for Address Resolution........................................................................................................................264
Using NetBIOS WINS for Address Resolution..................................................................................................... 265
Creating Manual Binding Entries............................................................................................................................265
Debugging the DHCP Server.................................................................................................................................265
Contents
9
Using DHCP Clear Commands.............................................................................................................................. 266
Congure the System to be a DHCP Client...............................................................................................................266
Conguring the DHCP Client System...................................................................................................................266
DHCP Client on a Management Interface............................................................................................................268
DHCP Client Operation with Other Features.......................................................................................................268
Congure Secure DHCP...............................................................................................................................................269
Option 82..................................................................................................................................................................269
DHCP Snooping....................................................................................................................................................... 270
Drop DHCP Packets on Snooped VLANs Only.................................................................................................... 273
Dynamic ARP Inspection.........................................................................................................................................274
Conguring Dynamic ARP Inspection....................................................................................................................274
Source Address Validation............................................................................................................................................ 275
Enabling IP Source Address Validation.................................................................................................................. 276
DHCP MAC Source Address Validation.................................................................................................................276
Enabling IP+MAC Source Address Validation.......................................................................................................276
Viewing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets....................................................................................................277
Clearing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets....................................................................................................277
14 Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP)................................................................................................................ 278
ECMP for Flow-Based Anity..................................................................................................................................... 278
Conguring the Hash Algorithm.............................................................................................................................278
Enabling Deterministic ECMP Next Hop...............................................................................................................278
Conguring the Hash Algorithm Seed...................................................................................................................279
Link Bundle Monitoring..................................................................................................................................................279
Managing ECMP Group Paths...............................................................................................................................280
Creating an ECMP Group Bundle..........................................................................................................................280
Modifying the ECMP Group Threshold.................................................................................................................280
Support for /128 IPv6 and /32 IPv4 Prexes in Layer 3 Host Table and LPM Table.......................................281
Support for ECMP in host table............................................................................................................................. 281
Support for moving /128 IPv6 Prexes and /32 IPv4 Prexes ........................................................................ 282
15 FIP Snooping............................................................................................................................................283
Fibre Channel over Ethernet........................................................................................................................................ 283
Ensure Robustness in a Converged Ethernet Network............................................................................................ 283
FIP Snooping on Ethernet Bridges..............................................................................................................................285
Using FIP Snooping........................................................................................................................................................287
FIP Snooping Prerequisites..................................................................................................................................... 287
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................287
Enabling the FCoE Transit Feature........................................................................................................................288
Enable FIP Snooping on VLANs.............................................................................................................................289
Congure the FC-MAP Value................................................................................................................................ 289
Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-Bridge Link....................................................................................................... 289
Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-FCF Link...........................................................................................................289
Impact on Other Software Features..................................................................................................................... 289
FIP Snooping Restrictions...................................................................................................................................... 290
Conguring FIP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................290
Displaying FIP Snooping Information............................................................................................................................291
10
Contents
FCoE Transit Conguration Example.......................................................................................................................... 296
16 Flex Hash and Optimized Boot-Up............................................................................................................298
Flex Hash Capability Overview.................................................................................................................................... 298
Conguring the Flex Hash Mechanism.......................................................................................................................298
Conguring Fast Boot and LACP Fast Switchover...................................................................................................299
Optimizing the Boot Time.............................................................................................................................................299
Booting Process When Optimized Boot Time Mechanism is Enabled..............................................................299
Guidelines for Conguring Optimized Booting Mechanism................................................................................300
Interoperation of Applications with Fast Boot and System States...........................................................................301
LACP and IPv4 Routing...........................................................................................................................................301
LACP and IPv6 Routing...........................................................................................................................................301
BGP Graceful Restart............................................................................................................................................. 302
Cold Boot Caused by Power Cycling the System................................................................................................302
Unexpected Reload of the System........................................................................................................................302
Software Upgrade................................................................................................................................................... 302
LACP Fast Switchover............................................................................................................................................302
Changes to BGP Multipath.................................................................................................................................... 303
Delayed Installation of ECMP Routes Into BGP...................................................................................................303
RDMA Over Converged Ethernet (RoCE) Overview............................................................................................... 303
Preserving 802.1Q VLAN Tag Value for Lite Subinterfaces...................................................................................... 304
17 Force10 Resilient Ring Protocol (FRRP)................................................................................................... 305
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................305
Ring Status............................................................................................................................................................... 306
Multiple FRRP Rings............................................................................................................................................... 306
Important FRRP Points........................................................................................................................................... 307
Important FRRP Concepts.....................................................................................................................................308
Implementing FRRP...................................................................................................................................................... 309
FRRP Conguration...................................................................................................................................................... 309
Creating the FRRP Group...................................................................................................................................... 309
Conguring the Control VLAN...............................................................................................................................309
Conguring and Adding the Member VLANs........................................................................................................ 311
Setting the FRRP Timers.........................................................................................................................................312
Clearing the FRRP Counters...................................................................................................................................312
Viewing the FRRP Conguration............................................................................................................................312
Viewing the FRRP Information............................................................................................................................... 312
Troubleshooting FRRP................................................................................................................................................... 313
Conguration Checks...............................................................................................................................................313
Sample Conguration and Topology.............................................................................................................................313
18 GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP).............................................................................................. 315
Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................................... 315
Congure GVRP............................................................................................................................................................. 316
Related Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................316
Enabling GVRP Globally.................................................................................................................................................316
Enabling GVRP on a Layer 2 Interface.........................................................................................................................317
Contents
11
Congure GVRP Registration....................................................................................................................................... 317
Congure a GARP Timer............................................................................................................................................... 318
19 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP)..........................................................................................319
IGMP Implementation Information............................................................................................................................... 319
IGMP Protocol Overview...............................................................................................................................................319
IGMP Version 2.........................................................................................................................................................319
IGMP Version 3.........................................................................................................................................................321
Congure IGMP............................................................................................................................................................. 323
Related Conguration Tasks................................................................................................................................... 324
Viewing IGMP Enabled Interfaces............................................................................................................................... 324
Selecting an IGMP Version........................................................................................................................................... 324
Viewing IGMP Groups...................................................................................................................................................325
Adjusting Timers............................................................................................................................................................ 325
Adjusting Query and Response Timers................................................................................................................. 325
Enabling IGMP Immediate-Leave.................................................................................................................................326
IGMP Snooping..............................................................................................................................................................326
IGMP Snooping Implementation Information....................................................................................................... 326
Conguring IGMP Snooping...................................................................................................................................326
Removing a Group-Port Association..................................................................................................................... 327
Disabling Multicast Flooding................................................................................................................................... 327
Specifying a Port as Connected to a Multicast Router...................................................................................... 328
Conguring the Switch as Querier........................................................................................................................ 328
Fast Convergence after MSTP Topology Changes...................................................................................................329
Egress Interface Selection (EIS) for HTTP and IGMP Applications........................................................................329
Protocol Separation.................................................................................................................................................329
Enabling and Disabling Management Egress Interface Selection...................................................................... 330
Handling of Management Route Conguration.................................................................................................... 331
Handling of Switch-Initiated Trac....................................................................................................................... 332
Handling of Switch-Destined Trac......................................................................................................................332
Handling of Transit Trac (Trac Separation).................................................................................................... 333
Mapping of Management Applications and Trac Type.....................................................................................333
Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Initiated Trac ............................................................................ 334
Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Destined Trac ...........................................................................335
Interworking of EIS With Various Applications.....................................................................................................336
Designating a Multicast Router Interface................................................................................................................... 336
20 Interfaces.................................................................................................................................................337
Basic Interface Conguration....................................................................................................................................... 337
Advanced Interface Conguration............................................................................................................................... 337
Interface Types...............................................................................................................................................................338
View Basic Interface Information.................................................................................................................................338
Resetting an Interface to its Factory Default State...................................................................................................340
Enabling a Physical Interface........................................................................................................................................340
Physical Interfaces..........................................................................................................................................................341
Conguration Task List for Physical Interfaces.....................................................................................................341
Overview of Layer Modes....................................................................................................................................... 341
12
Contents
Conguring Layer 2 (Data Link) Mode..................................................................................................................342
Conguring Layer 2 (Interface) Mode...................................................................................................................342
Conguring Layer 3 (Network) Mode...................................................................................................................342
Conguring Layer 3 (Interface) Mode...................................................................................................................343
Egress Interface Selection (EIS)..................................................................................................................................344
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................344
Conguring EIS........................................................................................................................................................ 344
Management Interfaces................................................................................................................................................344
Conguring Management Interfaces.....................................................................................................................344
Conguring a Management Interface on an Ethernet Port............................................................................... 345
VLAN Interfaces............................................................................................................................................................ 346
Loopback Interfaces...................................................................................................................................................... 346
Null Interfaces.................................................................................................................................................................347
Port Channel Interfaces................................................................................................................................................ 347
Port Channel Denition and Standards................................................................................................................. 347
Port Channel Benets............................................................................................................................................. 347
Port Channel Implementation.................................................................................................................................348
Interfaces in Port Channels.................................................................................................................................... 348
Conguration Tasks for Port Channel Interfaces.................................................................................................348
Creating a Port Channel..........................................................................................................................................349
Adding a Physical Interface to a Port Channel.....................................................................................................349
Reassigning an Interface to a New Port Channel.................................................................................................351
Conguring the Minimum Oper Up Links in a Port Channel............................................................................... 351
Adding or Removing a Port Channel from a VLAN............................................................................................. 352
Assigning an IP Address to a Port Channel.......................................................................................................... 353
Deleting or Disabling a Port Channel.....................................................................................................................353
Load Balancing Through Port Channels................................................................................................................353
Load-Balancing Method..........................................................................................................................................354
Changing the Hash Algorithm................................................................................................................................354
Bulk Conguration......................................................................................................................................................... 355
Interface Range....................................................................................................................................................... 355
Bulk Conguration Examples..................................................................................................................................356
Dening Interface Range Macros................................................................................................................................ 357
Dene the Interface Range.....................................................................................................................................357
Choosing an Interface-Range Macro.................................................................................................................... 357
Monitoring and Maintaining Interfaces....................................................................................................................... 358
Maintenance Using TDR.........................................................................................................................................359
Non Dell-Qualied Transceivers................................................................................................................................... 359
Splitting 100G Ports...................................................................................................................................................... 360
Link Dampening............................................................................................................................................................. 360
Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 361
Enabling Link Dampening.........................................................................................................................................361
Link Bundle Monitoring................................................................................................................................................. 362
Using Ethernet Pause Frames for Flow Control........................................................................................................ 363
Enabling Pause Frames........................................................................................................................................... 364
Congure the MTU Size on an Interface....................................................................................................................364
Conguring wavelength for 10–Gigabit SFP+ optics................................................................................................365
Contents
13
Port-Pipes.......................................................................................................................................................................365
CR4 Auto-Negotiation.................................................................................................................................................. 365
Setting the Speed and Duplex Mode of Ethernet Interfaces...................................................................................366
FEC Conguration......................................................................................................................................................... 367
View Advanced Interface Information.........................................................................................................................369
Conguring the Interface Sampling Size...............................................................................................................370
Dynamic Counters.......................................................................................................................................................... 371
Clearing Interface Counters.....................................................................................................................................371
Enhanced Validation of Interface Ranges................................................................................................................... 372
Compressing Conguration Files..................................................................................................................................372
21 IPv4 Routing.............................................................................................................................................375
IP Addresses................................................................................................................................................................... 376
Implementation Information....................................................................................................................................376
Conguration Tasks for IP Addresses..........................................................................................................................376
Assigning IP Addresses to an Interface.......................................................................................................................376
Conguring Static Routes.............................................................................................................................................377
Congure Static Routes for the Management Interface.......................................................................................... 378
Using the Congured Source IP Address in ICMP Messages..................................................................................379
Conguring the ICMP Source Interface................................................................................................................379
Conguring the Duration to Establish a TCP Connection.........................................................................................379
Enabling Directed Broadcast........................................................................................................................................ 380
Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................................................380
Enabling Dynamic Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................380
Specifying the Local System Domain and a List of Domains.................................................................................... 381
Conguring DNS with Traceroute................................................................................................................................ 381
ARP..................................................................................................................................................................................382
Conguration Tasks for ARP........................................................................................................................................ 382
Conguring Static ARP Entries....................................................................................................................................382
Enabling Proxy ARP.......................................................................................................................................................383
Clearing ARP Cache......................................................................................................................................................383
ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................................383
Enabling ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................383
ARP Learning via ARP Request................................................................................................................................... 384
Conguring ARP Retries...............................................................................................................................................384
ICMP............................................................................................................................................................................... 385
Conguration Tasks for ICMP......................................................................................................................................385
Enabling ICMP Unreachable Messages...................................................................................................................... 385
UDP Helper.....................................................................................................................................................................386
Congure UDP Helper.............................................................................................................................................386
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 386
Enabling UDP Helper.....................................................................................................................................................386
Conguring a Broadcast Address................................................................................................................................ 386
Congurations Using UDP Helper................................................................................................................................387
UDP Helper with Broadcast-All Addresses................................................................................................................. 387
UDP Helper with Subnet Broadcast Addresses.........................................................................................................388
UDP Helper with Congured Broadcast Addresses..................................................................................................388
14
Contents
UDP Helper with No Congured Broadcast Addresses............................................................................................389
Troubleshooting UDP Helper........................................................................................................................................389
22 IPv6 Routing............................................................................................................................................390
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................390
Extended Address Space.........................................................................................................................................391
Stateless Autoconguration....................................................................................................................................391
IPv6 Headers.............................................................................................................................................................391
Longest Prex Match (LPM) Table and IPv6 /65 – /128 support....................................................................392
IPv6 Header Fields...................................................................................................................................................393
Extension Header Fields......................................................................................................................................... 395
Addressing................................................................................................................................................................ 396
Implementing IPv6 with Dell Networking OS............................................................................................................. 397
ICMPv6........................................................................................................................................................................... 397
Path MTU Discovery..................................................................................................................................................... 397
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery.............................................................................................................................................. 397
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery of MTU Packets...........................................................................................................398
Conguring the IPv6 Recursive DNS Server....................................................................................................... 398
Debugging IPv6 RDNSS Information Sent to the Host .....................................................................................399
Displaying IPv6 RDNSS Information......................................................................................................................399
Secure Shell (SSH) Over an IPv6 Transport..............................................................................................................400
Conguration Tasks for IPv6........................................................................................................................................400
Adjusting Your CAM-Prole....................................................................................................................................400
Assigning an IPv6 Address to an Interface............................................................................................................401
Assigning a Static IPv6 Route................................................................................................................................402
Conguring Telnet with IPv6..................................................................................................................................402
SNMP over IPv6......................................................................................................................................................403
Displaying IPv6 Information.................................................................................................................................... 403
Displaying an IPv6 Interface Information.............................................................................................................. 403
Showing IPv6 Routes..............................................................................................................................................404
Showing the Running-Conguration for an Interface.........................................................................................405
Clearing IPv6 Routes...............................................................................................................................................406
Conguring IPv6 RA Guard.......................................................................................................................................... 406
23 iSCSI Optimization.................................................................................................................................. 409
iSCSI Optimization Overview.......................................................................................................................................409
Monitoring iSCSI Trac Flows................................................................................................................................410
Application of Quality of Service to iSCSI Trac Flows....................................................................................... 411
Information Monitored in iSCSI Trac Flows.........................................................................................................411
Detection and Auto-Conguration for Dell EqualLogic Arrays............................................................................412
Conguring Detection and Ports for Dell Compellent Arrays..............................................................................412
Synchronizing iSCSI Sessions Learned on VLT-Lags with VLT-Peer..................................................................413
Enable and Disable iSCSI Optimization..................................................................................................................413
Default iSCSI Optimization Values................................................................................................................................414
iSCSI Optimization Prerequisites.................................................................................................................................. 414
Conguring iSCSI Optimization.................................................................................................................................... 414
Displaying iSCSI Optimization Information.................................................................................................................. 416
Contents
15
24 Intermediate System to Intermediate System........................................................................................... 418
IS-IS Protocol Overview................................................................................................................................................ 418
IS-IS Addressing..............................................................................................................................................................418
Multi-Topology IS-IS....................................................................................................................................................... 419
Transition Mode........................................................................................................................................................ 419
Interface Support..................................................................................................................................................... 419
Adjacencies...............................................................................................................................................................420
Graceful Restart.............................................................................................................................................................420
Timers........................................................................................................................................................................420
Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................420
Conguration Information..............................................................................................................................................421
Conguration Tasks for IS-IS.................................................................................................................................. 421
Conguring the Distance of a Route.....................................................................................................................429
Changing the IS-Type.............................................................................................................................................. 430
Redistributing IPv4 Routes.....................................................................................................................................432
Redistributing IPv6 Routes.....................................................................................................................................433
Conguring Authentication Passwords.................................................................................................................434
Setting the Overload Bit......................................................................................................................................... 434
Debugging IS-IS....................................................................................................................................................... 435
IS-IS Metric Styles.........................................................................................................................................................436
Congure Metric Values............................................................................................................................................... 436
Maximum Values in the Routing Table...................................................................................................................437
Change the IS-IS Metric Style in One Level Only................................................................................................ 437
Leaks from One Level to Another..........................................................................................................................438
Sample Congurations.................................................................................................................................................. 439
25 Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP).............................................................................................. 442
Introduction to Dynamic LAGs and LACP...................................................................................................................442
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................442
LACP Modes............................................................................................................................................................ 443
Conguring LACP Commands............................................................................................................................... 443
LACP Conguration Tasks............................................................................................................................................ 444
Creating a LAG.........................................................................................................................................................444
Conguring the LAG Interfaces as Dynamic........................................................................................................ 444
Setting the LACP Long Timeout............................................................................................................................445
Monitoring and Debugging LACP..........................................................................................................................445
Shared LAG State Tracking.......................................................................................................................................... 446
Conguring Shared LAG State Tracking............................................................................................................... 446
Important Points about Shared LAG State Tracking........................................................................................... 447
LACP Basic Conguration Example.............................................................................................................................448
Congure a LAG on ALPHA................................................................................................................................... 448
26 Layer 2.....................................................................................................................................................457
Manage the MAC Address Table................................................................................................................................. 457
Clearing the MAC Address Table........................................................................................................................... 457
Setting the Aging Time for Dynamic Entries........................................................................................................ 457
16
Contents
Conguring a Static MAC Address........................................................................................................................458
Displaying the MAC Address Table........................................................................................................................ 458
MAC Learning Limit.......................................................................................................................................................458
Setting the MAC Learning Limit............................................................................................................................ 459
mac learning-limit Dynamic.................................................................................................................................... 459
mac learning-limit mac-address-sticky................................................................................................................. 459
mac learning-limit station-move............................................................................................................................ 460
mac learning-limit no-station-move...................................................................................................................... 460
Learning Limit Violation Actions.............................................................................................................................460
Setting Station Move Violation Actions................................................................................................................ 460
Recovering from Learning Limit and Station Move Violations............................................................................461
Disabling MAC Address Learning on the System....................................................................................................... 461
NIC Teaming................................................................................................................................................................... 462
Congure Redundant Pairs...........................................................................................................................................463
Important Points about Conguring Redundant Pairs........................................................................................ 464
Far-End Failure Detection.............................................................................................................................................466
FEFD State Changes...............................................................................................................................................466
Conguring FEFD.....................................................................................................................................................467
Enabling FEFD on an Interface...............................................................................................................................468
Debugging FEFD......................................................................................................................................................469
27 Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)......................................................................................................470
802.1AB (LLDP) Overview............................................................................................................................................470
Protocol Data Units..................................................................................................................................................470
Optional TLVs.................................................................................................................................................................. 471
Management TLVs................................................................................................................................................... 471
TIA-1057 (LLDP-MED) Overview.................................................................................................................................473
TIA Organizationally Specic TLVs........................................................................................................................ 473
Congure LLDP..............................................................................................................................................................476
Related Conguration Tasks................................................................................................................................... 476
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................477
LLDP Compatibility.................................................................................................................................................. 477
CONFIGURATION versus INTERFACE Congurations.............................................................................................477
Enabling LLDP................................................................................................................................................................ 477
Disabling and Undoing LLDP.................................................................................................................................. 478
Enabling LLDP on Management Ports........................................................................................................................ 478
Disabling and Undoing LLDP on Management Ports.......................................................................................... 478
Advertising TLVs............................................................................................................................................................ 479
Viewing the LLDP Conguration................................................................................................................................. 480
Viewing Information Advertised by Adjacent LLDP Agents..................................................................................... 480
Conguring LLDPDU Intervals......................................................................................................................................481
Conguring Transmit and Receive Mode....................................................................................................................482
Conguring the Time to Live Value............................................................................................................................. 483
Debugging LLDP............................................................................................................................................................483
Relevant Management Objects................................................................................................................................... 484
28 Microsoft Network Load Balancing.......................................................................................................... 488
Contents
17
NLB Unicast Mode Scenario........................................................................................................................................488
NLB Multicast Mode Scenario.....................................................................................................................................488
Limitations of the NLB Feature....................................................................................................................................489
Microsoft Clustering......................................................................................................................................................489
Enable and Disable VLAN Flooding ............................................................................................................................ 489
Conguring a Switch for NLB .....................................................................................................................................489
Enabling a Switch for Multicast NLB.................................................................................................................... 490
29 Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP)..........................................................................................491
Protocol Overview..........................................................................................................................................................491
Anycast RP.....................................................................................................................................................................492
Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................493
Congure Multicast Source Discovery Protocol........................................................................................................493
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................493
Enable MSDP................................................................................................................................................................. 497
Manage the Source-Active Cache.............................................................................................................................. 498
Viewing the Source-Active Cache.........................................................................................................................498
Limiting the Source-Active Cache.........................................................................................................................498
Clearing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................499
Enabling the Rejected Source-Active Cache....................................................................................................... 499
Accept Source-Active Messages that Fail the RFP Check......................................................................................499
Specifying Source-Active Messages...........................................................................................................................502
Limiting the Source-Active Messages from a Peer...................................................................................................503
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Local Source.......................................................................................................503
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Remote Source.................................................................................................. 504
Preventing MSDP from Advertising a Local Source................................................................................................. 504
Logging Changes in Peership States.......................................................................................................................... 505
Terminating a Peership..................................................................................................................................................505
Clearing Peer Statistics.................................................................................................................................................506
Debugging MSDP..........................................................................................................................................................506
MSDP with Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................506
Conguring Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................507
Reducing Source-Active Message Flooding........................................................................................................ 508
Specifying the RP Address Used in SA Messages..............................................................................................508
MSDP Sample Congurations...................................................................................................................................... 510
30 Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP)................................................................................................. 513
Protocol Overview..........................................................................................................................................................513
Spanning Tree Variations............................................................................................................................................... 514
Implementation Information.................................................................................................................................... 514
Congure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol.................................................................................................................514
Related Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................514
Enable Multiple Spanning Tree Globally....................................................................................................................... 515
Adding and Removing Interfaces..................................................................................................................................515
Creating Multiple Spanning Tree Instances.................................................................................................................515
Inuencing MSTP Root Selection.................................................................................................................................517
Interoperate with Non-Dell Bridges..............................................................................................................................517
18
Contents
Changing the Region Name or Revision...................................................................................................................... 518
Modifying Global Parameters........................................................................................................................................518
Modifying the Interface Parameters............................................................................................................................ 519
Conguring an EdgePort.............................................................................................................................................. 520
Flush MAC Addresses after a Topology Change........................................................................................................ 521
MSTP Sample Congurations.......................................................................................................................................521
Router 1 Running-CongurationRouter 2 Running-CongurationRouter 3 Running-
CongurationSFTOS Example Running-Conguration.......................................................................................522
Debugging and Verifying MSTP Congurations........................................................................................................ 526
31 Multicast Features....................................................................................................................................528
Enabling IP Multicast.....................................................................................................................................................528
Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................528
Multicast Policies...........................................................................................................................................................529
IPv4 Multicast Policies............................................................................................................................................529
32 Object Tracking........................................................................................................................................537
Object Tracking Overview.............................................................................................................................................537
Track Layer 2 Interfaces..........................................................................................................................................538
Track Layer 3 Interfaces..........................................................................................................................................538
Track IPv4 and IPv6 Routes................................................................................................................................... 539
Set Tracking Delays................................................................................................................................................. 540
VRRP Object Tracking............................................................................................................................................ 540
Object Tracking Conguration..................................................................................................................................... 540
Tracking a Layer 2 Interface................................................................................................................................... 540
Tracking a Layer 3 Interface....................................................................................................................................541
Track an IPv4/IPv6 Route...................................................................................................................................... 543
Displaying Tracked Objects...........................................................................................................................................546
33 Open Shortest Path First (OSPFv2 and OSPFv3)....................................................................................548
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................548
Autonomous System (AS) Areas........................................................................................................................... 548
Area Types................................................................................................................................................................ 549
Networks and Neighbors........................................................................................................................................550
Router Types............................................................................................................................................................ 550
Designated and Backup Designated Routers.......................................................................................................552
Link-State Advertisements (LSAs)........................................................................................................................552
Router Priority and Cost.........................................................................................................................................553
OSPF with Dell Networking OS...................................................................................................................................554
Graceful Restart...................................................................................................................................................... 555
Fast Convergence (OSPFv2, IPv4 Only)..............................................................................................................556
Multi-Process OSPFv2 with VRF..........................................................................................................................556
RFC-2328 Compliant OSPF Flooding................................................................................................................... 556
OSPF ACK Packing................................................................................................................................................. 557
Setting OSPF Adjacency with Cisco Routers...................................................................................................... 557
Conguration Information.............................................................................................................................................558
Conguration Task List for OSPFv2 (OSPF for IPv4)........................................................................................ 558
Contents
19
Conguration Task List for OSPFv3 (OSPF for IPv6)...............................................................................................572
Enabling IPv6 Unicast Routing...............................................................................................................................573
Assigning IPv6 Addresses on an Interface............................................................................................................573
Assigning Area ID on an Interface.......................................................................................................................... 573
Assigning OSPFv3 Process ID and Router ID Globally........................................................................................ 573
Assigning OSPFv3 Process ID and Router ID to a VRF...................................................................................... 574
Conguring Stub Areas........................................................................................................................................... 574
Conguring Passive-Interface................................................................................................................................575
Redistributing Routes..............................................................................................................................................575
Conguring a Default Route...................................................................................................................................576
Applying cost for OSPFv3...................................................................................................................................... 576
Enabling OSPFv3 Graceful Restart....................................................................................................................... 576
OSPFv3 Authentication Using IPsec.....................................................................................................................578
Troubleshooting OSPFv3........................................................................................................................................584
34 Policy-based Routing (PBR).................................................................................................................... 586
Overview........................................................................................................................................................................ 586
Implementing PBR......................................................................................................................................................... 587
Conguration Task List for Policy-based Routing...................................................................................................... 587
PBR Exceptions (Permit)....................................................................................................................................... 588
Create a Redirect List............................................................................................................................................. 588
Create a Rule for a Redirect-list.............................................................................................................................588
Apply a Redirect-list to an Interface using a Redirect-group............................................................................. 590
Sample Conguration....................................................................................................................................................592
Create the Redirect-List GOLDAssign Redirect-List GOLD to Interface 2/11View Redirect-List GOLD..... 593
35 PIM Sparse-Mode (PIM-SM).................................................................................................................. 596
Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 596
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................596
Requesting Multicast Trac.................................................................................................................................. 596
Refuse Multicast Trac.......................................................................................................................................... 597
Send Multicast Trac............................................................................................................................................. 597
Conguring PIM-SM..................................................................................................................................................... 597
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................598
Enable PIM-SM..............................................................................................................................................................598
Conguring S,G Expiry Timers..................................................................................................................................... 599
Conguring a Static Rendezvous Point......................................................................................................................600
Overriding Bootstrap Router Updates.................................................................................................................. 600
Conguring a Designated Router................................................................................................................................ 600
Creating Multicast Boundaries and Domains.............................................................................................................. 601
36 PIM Source-Specic Mode (PIM-SSM).................................................................................................. 602
Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................602
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 602
Congure PIM-SSM......................................................................................................................................................602
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................603
Enabling PIM-SSM........................................................................................................................................................ 603
20
Contents
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