ɆȿPɕ ɉPȿȾɈɋɌɈPɈɀɇɈɋɌɂ ɂ ɈȻɓɂȿ PȿɄɈɆȿɇȾȺɐɂɂ
ɍɋɌȺɇɈȼɄȺ
x ɉɟɪɟɦɟɳɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɬɶɫɹ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ
ɱɟɦ ɞɜɭɦɹ ɥɢɰɚɦɢ.
x Ȼɭɞɶɬɟ ɜɧɢɦɚɬɟɥɶɧɵ ɩɪɢ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɟɧɢɹɯ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɧɟ ɩɨɜɪɟɞɢɬɶ
ɩɨɥɵ (ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɩɚɪɤɟɬ).
x ȼ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ ɫɥɟɞɢɬɟ ɡɚ ɬɟɦ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɧɟ ɩɨɜɪɟɞɢɬɶ
ɯɨɥɨɞɢɥɶɧɢɤɨɦ ɤɚɛɟɥɶ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ.
x ɉɪɨɫɥɟɞɢɬɟ ɡɚ ɬɟɦ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɩɪɢɛɨɪ ɧɟ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɥɫɹ ɜɛɥɢɡɢ ɨɬ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɨɜ
ɬɟɩɥɚ.
x Ⱦɥɹ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɞɨɥɠɧɨɣ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɢ ɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɣɬɟ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɨɟ
ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɨ ɩɨ ɨɛɟɢɦ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɚɦ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ ɢ ɧɚɞ ɧɢɦ ɢɥɢ ɠɟ ɫɥɟɞɭɣɬɟ
ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɹɦ ɩɨ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ.
x ɋɥɟɞɢɬɟ ɡɚ ɬɟɦ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɹ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ
ɨɫɬɚɜɚɥɢɫɶ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɵɦɢ.
x ɋɥɟɞɢɬɟ ɡɚ ɰɟɥɨɫɬɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɨɜ ɤɨɧɬɭɪɚ ɰɢɪɤɭɥɹɰɢɢ
ɯɥɚɞɚɝɟɧɬɚ.
x ɍɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɣɬɟ, ɜɵɪɨɜɧɹɜ ɩɨ ɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɢ, ɯɨɥɨɞɢɥɶɧɢɤ ɧɚ ɩɨɥɭ,
ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɦ ɜɵɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɬɶ ɜɟɫ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ, ɜɵɛɪɚɜ ɩɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɨ,
ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɟ ɟɝɨ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɭ ɢ ɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɸ.
x ɍɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɣɬɟ ɩɪɢɛɨɪ ɜ ɫɭɯɨɦ ɢ ɯɨɪɨɲɨ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɢɪɭɟɦɨɦ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɢ.
ɉɪɢɛɨɪ ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧ ɞɥɹ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ ɜ ɫɪɟɞɟ, ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ
ɧɟ ɩɪɟɜɵɲɚɟɬ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɨɜ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɩɨ
ɤɥɢɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɦɭ ɤɥɚɫɫɭ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɭ, ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɦɭ ɧɚ ɩɚɫɩɨɪɬɧɨɣ ɬɚɛɥɢɱɤɟ:
ɩɪɢɛɨɪ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶ ɧɟɧɚɞɥɟɠɚɳɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɜ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ, ɟɫɥɢ ɨɧ
ɞɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɥɫɹ ɩɪɢ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɟ, ɜɵɯɨɞɹɳɟɣ ɡɚ
ɩɪɟɞɟɥɵ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɢɧɬɟɪɜɚɥɨɜ.
Ʉɥɢɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɤɥɚɫɫ Ɍ. ɨɤɪ. ɫɪ. (°C) Ɍ. ɨɤɪ. ɫɪ. (°F)
SN ɨɬ 10 ɞɨ 32 ɨɬ 50 ɞɨ 90
N ɨɬ 16 ɞɨ 32 ɨɬ 61 ɞɨ 90
ST ɨɬ 16 ɞɨ 38 ɨɬ 61 ɞɨ 100
T ɨɬ 16 ɞɨ 43 ɨɬ 61 ɞɨ 110
x ɍɞɨɫɬɨɜɟɪɶɬɟɫɶ, ɱɬɨ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɩɨ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɸ ɧɚ ɬɚɛɥɢɱɤɟ ɫ
ɩɚɫɩɨɪɬɧɵɦɢ ɞɚɧɧɵɦɢ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɸ ɜ ȼɚɲɟɣ ɤɜɚɪɬɢɪɟ.
x ɇɟ ɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟɫɶ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɢɤɚɦɢ ɧɚ ɨɞɧɨ ɢɥɢ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɝɧɟɡɞ ɢɥɢ
ɭɞɥɢɧɢɬɟɥɹɦɢ.
x Ⱦɥɹ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɤ ɫɟɬɢ ɜɨɞɨɫɧɚɛɠɟɧɢɹ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɬɪɭɛɭ,
ɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɦɭɸ ɜ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɬɟ ɫ ɧɨɜɵɦ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɟɦ; ɧɟɥɶɡɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ
ɬɪɭɛɭ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɦ ɜɵ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɥɢɫɶ ɞɨ ɷɬɨɝɨ.
x ɂɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɤɚɛɟɥɹ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɢɥɢ ɟɝɨ ɡɚɦɟɧɚ ɦɨɠɟɬ
ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɬɶɫɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɦ ɩɟɪɫɨɧɚɥɨɦ.
x Ɉɬɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɨɬ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɟɬɢ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɬɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɟɦ
ɜɢɥɤɢ ɨɬ ɪɨɡɟɬɤɢ ɢɥɢ ɩɪɢ ɩɨɦɨɳɢ ɞɜɭɯɩɨɥɸɫɧɨɝɨ ɫɟɬɟɜɨɝɨ
ɜɵɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɹ, ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɦɨɝɨ ɞɨ ɪɨɡɟɬɤɢ.
ȻȿɁɈɉȺɋɇɈɋɌɖ
x ɇɟ ɯɪɚɧɢɬɟ ɛɟɧɡɢɧ, ɝɨɪɸɱɢɟ ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɢ ɢɥɢ ɨɝɧɟɨɩɚɫɧɵɟ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ
ɜɛɥɢɡɢ ɨɬ ɯɨɥɨɞɢɥɶɧɢɤɚ ɢɥɢ ɥɸɛɨɝɨ ɞɪɭɝɨɝɨ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɛɵɬɨɜɨɝɨ
ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ. ȼɵɞɟɥɹɟɦɵɟ ɢɦɢ ɩɚɪɵ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɫɬɚɬɶ ɩɪɢɱɢɧɨɣ ɩɨɠɚɪɚ ɢɥɢ
ɜɡɪɵɜɚ.
x ɇɟɥɶɡɹ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɧɢɤɚɤɢɦɢ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ, ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɢɥɢ
ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɩɪɢɫɩɨɫɨɛɥɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɞɥɹ ɭɫɤɨɪɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ ɨɬɬɚɢɜɚɧɢɹ
ɤɪɨɦɟ ɬɟɯ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɨɜɚɧɵ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɟɦ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ.
x ɇɟɥɶɡɹ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɢɥɢ ɩɨɦɟɳɚɬɶ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɪɢɛɨɪɵ ɜɧɭɬɪɶ
ɨɬɞɟɥɟɧɢɣ, ɟɫɥɢ ɨɧɢ ɨɬɥɢɱɚɸɬɫɹ ɨɬ ɬɟɯ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɨɜɚɧɵ
ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɟɦ.
x Ⱦɚɧɧɵɣ ɩɪɢɛɨɪ ɧɟ ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧ ɞɥɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɞɟɬɶɦɢ ɢɥɢ
ɥɢɰɚɦɢ ɫɨ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ, ɫɟɧɫɨɪɧɵɦɢ ɢɥɢ ɭɦɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦɢ
ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɹɦɢ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɥɢɰɚɦɢ, ɧɟ ɢɦɟɸɳɢɦɢ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɝɨ
ɨɩɵɬɚ ɢ ɡɧɚɧɢɣ, ɛɟɡ ɧɚɞɡɨɪɚ ɢɥɢ ɩɪɟɞɜɚɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɭɱɟɧɢɹ
ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɢɦ ɥɢɰɨɦ, ɨɬɜɟɱɚɸɳɢɦ ɡɚ ɢɯ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶ.
x ȼɨ ɢɡɛɟɠɚɧɢɟ ɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɭɞɭɲɶɹ ɢ ɡɚɫɬɪɟɜɚɧɢɹ ɜɧɭɬɪɢ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ ɧɟ
ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɣɬɟ ɞɟɬɹɦ ɢɝɪɚɬɶ ɢɥɢ ɩɪɹɬɚɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɧɟɦ.
x ɇɟ ɞɨɩɭɫɤɚɣɬɟ ɩɨɩɚɞɚɧɢɹ ɜ ɠɟɥɭɞɨɤ ɠɢɞɤɨɝɨ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɦɨɝɨ
(ɧɟɬɨɤɫɢɱɧɨɝɨ) ɚɤɤɭɦɭɥɹɬɨɪɨɜ ɯɨɥɨɞɚ, ɟɫɥɢ ɬɚɤɨɜɵɟ ɢɦɟɸɬɫɹ (ɜ
ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɦɨɞɟɥɹɯ).
x ɇɟ ɟɲɶɬɟ ɤɭɛɢɤɢ ɥɶɞɚ ɢ ɦɨɪɨɠɟɧɨɟ ɬɢɩɚ ɷɫɤɢɦɨ ɫɪɚɡɭ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɬɨɝɨ, ɤɚɤ
ɨɧɢ ɜɵɧɭɬɵ ɢɡ ɦɨɪɨɡɢɥɶɧɢɤɚ, ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɨɧɢ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɜɵɡɜɚɬɶ ɨɠɨɝɢ ɨɬ
ɯɨɥɨɞɚ.
ɂɋɉɈɅɖɁɈȼȺɇɂȿ
x ɉɟɪɟɞ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɟɦ ɤɚɤɢɯɥɢɛɨ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɣ ɩɨ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɸ ɢɥɢ ɭɛɨɪɤɟ
ɜɵɧɶɬɟ ɜɢɥɤɭ ɢɡ ɪɨɡɟɬɤɢ ɢɥɢ ɨɬɤɥɸɱɢɬɟ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɟ ɜ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɟɬɢ.
x ȼɫɟ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɵ, ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɵ ɥɶɞɨɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɵ ɢ ɞɨɡɚɬɨɪɵ
ɜɨɞɵ, ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɛɵɬɶ ɩɨɞɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɵ ɤ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɜɨɞɨɫɧɚɛɠɟɧɢɹ, ɜ
ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɩɨɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɩɢɬɶɟɜɚɹ ɜɨɞɚ (ɩɪɢ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɜ ɫɟɬɢ
ɜɨɞɨɫɧɚɛɠɟɧɢɹ 0,17 – 0,81 MPa (1,7 - 8,1 ɛɚɪ)). ȼ ɥɶɞɨɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɵ
ɢ/ɢɥɢ ɞɨɡɚɬɨɪɵ ɜɨɞɵ, ɧɟ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɧɵɟ ɧɚɩɪɹɦɭɸ ɫ ɫɟɬɶɸ
ɜɨɞɨɫɧɚɛɠɟɧɢɹ, ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɧɚɥɢɜɚɬɶ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɩɢɬɶɟɜɭɸ ɜɨɞɭ.
x
x ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɯɨɥɨɞɢɥɶɧɭɸ ɤɚɦɟɪɭ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɞɥɹ ɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ ɫɜɟɠɢɯ
ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɨɜ, ɚ ɦɨɪɨɡɢɥɶɧɭɸ ɤɚɦɟɪɭ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɞɥɹ ɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɦɨɪɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ
ɢ ɡɚɦɨɪɚɠɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɜɟɠɢɯ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɨɜ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɤɭɛɢɤɨɜ
ɥɶɞɚ.
x ɇɟ ɫɬɚɜɶɬɟ ɜ ɦɨɪɨɡɢɥɶɧɭɸ ɤɚɦɟɪɭ ɫɬɟɤɥɹɧɧɵɟ ɟɦɤɨɫɬɢ ɫ ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɶɸ,
ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɨɧɢ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɥɨɩɧɭɬɶ.
ɂɡɝɨɬɨɜɢɬɟɥɶ ɫɧɢɦɚɟɬ ɫ ɫɟɛɹ ɥɸɛɭɸ ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɜ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ
ɧɟɫɨɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɯ ɜɵɲɟ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɢɣ ɢ ɦɟɪ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɨɪɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ
ɋɈȼȿɌɕ ɉɈ ɁȺɓɂɌȿ ɈɄPɍɀȺɘɓȿɃ ɋPȿȾɕ
1. ɍɩɚɤɨɜɤɚ
Ⱦɥɹ ɭɩɚɤɨɜɤɢ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥ, ɞɨɩɭɫɤɚɸɳɢɣ 100% ɧɭɸ
ɜɬɨɪɢɱɧɭɸ ɩɟɪɟɪɚɛɨɬɤɭ, ɨ ɱɟɦ ɫɜɢɞɟɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɧɚɧɟɫɟɧɧɵɣ ɧɚ ɧɟɝɨ
ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɣ ɫɢɦɜɨɥ. ɍɞɚɥɟɧɢɟ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɬɶɫɹ ɜ
ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦɢ ɦɟɫɬɧɵɦɢ ɧɨɪɦɚɦɢ. ɍɩɚɤɨɜɨɱɧɵɣ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥ
(ɰɟɥɥɨɮɚɧɨɜɵɟ ɩɚɤɟɬɵ, ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɵ ɢɡ ɩɨɥɢɫɬɢɪɨɥɚ ɢ ɬ.ɩ.) ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ
ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɨɦ ɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɥɹ ɞɟɬɟɣ ɢ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɯɪɚɧɢɬɶɫɹ ɜ
ɧɟɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɨɦ ɞɥɹ ɧɢɯ
ɦɟɫɬɟ.
2. ɋɞɚɱɚ ɧɚ ɫɥɨɦ
ɉɪɢɛɨɪ ɢɡɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧ ɢɡ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ, ɞɨɩɭɫɤɚɸɳɢɯ ɩɨɜɬɨɪɧɨɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ.
Ⱦɚɧɧɵɣ ɩɪɢɛɨɪ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɦɚɪɤɢɪɨɜɤɭ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ȿɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɨɣ ɞɢɪɟɤɬɢɜɨɣ
2002/96/EC, Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE ɍɬɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɹ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɢ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ).Ɉɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɹ ɧɚɞɥɟɠɚɳɭɸ
ɭɬɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɸ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɹ, ɩɨɬɪɟɛɢɬɟɥɶ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɩɪɟɞɨɬɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɸ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɝɨ
ɧɟɝɚɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɧɚ ɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɭɸ ɫɪɟɞɭ ɢ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɶɟ ɥɸɞɟɣ.
ɋɢɦɜɨɥ
, ɢɦɟɸɳɢɣɫɹ ɧɚ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɢ ɢɥɢ ɜ ɫɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ,
ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɧɚ ɬɨ, ɱɬɨ ɞɚɧɧɨɟ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɟ ɧɟ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɭɞɚɥɹɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɨɬɯɨɞɵ ɤɚɤ
ɛɵɬɨɜɨɣ ɦɭɫɨɪ, ɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɛɵɬɶ ɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɨ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɣ ɩɭɧɤɬ ɫɛɨɪɚ ɢ
ɩɟɪɟɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɢ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ.
ɉɪɢ ɫɞɚɱɟ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ ɧɚ ɫɥɨɦ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɢɬɟ ɟɝɨ ɜ ɧɟɪɚɛɨɱɟɟ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ, ɫɪɟɡɚɜ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɤɚɛɟɥɶ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɢ
ɫɧɹɜ ɞɜɟɪɰɵ ɢ ɩɨɥɤɢ ɬɚɤ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɞɟɬɢ ɧɟ
ɦɨɝɥɢ ɩɨɩɚɫɬɶ ɜɧɭɬɪɶ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ.
ɉɪɢ ɫɞɚɱɟ ɯɨɥɨɞɢɥɶɧɢɤɚ ɧɚ ɫɥɨɦ ɩɪɢɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɣɬɟɫɶ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ
ɦɟɫɬɧɵɯ ɩɪɚɜɢɥ ɢ ɫɞɚɜɚɣɬɟ ɟɝɨ ɜ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɰɟɧɬɪɵ ɩɨ ɩɟɪɟɪɚɛɨɬɤɟ
ɨɬɯɨɞɨɜ, ɧɟ ɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɹ ɩɪɢɛɨɪ ɛɟɡ ɩɪɢɫɦɨɬɪɚ ɞɚɠɟ ɧɚ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɞɧɟɣ, ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ
ɨɧ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɨɦ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɥɹ ɞɟɬɟɣ. Ȼɨɥɟɟ
ɩɨɞɪɨɛɧɭɸ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɸ
ɨ ɬɨɦ, ɤɚɤ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɨɛɪɚɳɚɬɶɫɹ ɫ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɨɦ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ
ɨ ɟɝɨ ɫɞɚɱɟ ɢ ɩɟɪɟɪɚɛɨɬɤɟ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɩɨɥɭɱɢɬɶ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɦ ɦɟɫɬɧɨɦ
ɭɱɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɢ, ɫɥɭɠɛɟ ɫɛɨɪɚ ɛɵɬɨɜɨɝɨ ɦɭɫɨɪɚ ɢɥɢ ɜ ɦɚɝɚɡɢɧɟ, ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɦ ɛɵɥɨ
ɩɪɢɨɛɪɟɬɟɧɨ ɷɬɨ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɟ.
Ⱦɥɹ ɫɩɪɚɜɤɢ:
ɇɚɫɬɨɹɳɢɣ ɩɪɢɛɨɪ ɧɟ ɡɚɩɨɥɧɟɧ CFC. ȼ ɨɯɥɚɠɞɚɸɳɟɦ ɤɨɧɬɭɪɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ
ɮɪɟɨɧ R134ɚ (HFC) ɢɥɢ R600a (HC), ɫɦ. ɩɚɫɩɨɪɬɧɭɸ ɬɚɛɥɢɱɤɭ
ɜɧɭɬɪɢ
ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ.
Ⱦɥɹ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɨɜ ɫ ɢɡɨɛɭɬɚɧɨɦ (R600a):ɢɡɨɛɭɬɚɧ ɷɬɨ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɧɵɣ ɝɚɡ, ɧɟ
ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɳɢɣ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɧɚ ɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɭɸ ɫɪɟɞɭ, ɧɨ ɹɜɥɹɸɳɢɣɫɹ ɝɨɪɸɱɢɦ. ȼ
ɫɜɹɡɢ ɫ ɷɬɢɦ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɹɬɶ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɵ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɨɯɥɚɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ
ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɟ ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɣ.
ȼ ɞɚɧɧɨɦ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɟ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɶɫɹ ɩɚɪɧɢɤɨɜɵɟ ɝɚɡɵ-ɮɬɨɪɭɝɥɟɪɨɞɵ,
ɬɪɚɤɬɭɟɦɵɟ ɜ Ʉɢɨɬɫɤɨɦ ɉɪɨɬɨɤɨɥɟ; ɯɥɚɞɚɝɟɧɬ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬɫɹ ɜ ɝɟɪɦɟɬɢɱɧɨɦ
ɡɚɦɤɧɭɬɨɦ ɤɨɧɬɭɪɟ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ.
ɏɥɚɞɚɝɟɧɬ
R134a: Ʉɥɚɫɫɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧ ɤɚɤ ɝɚɡ, ɢɦɟɸɳɢɣ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɹ ɧɚ
ɝɥɨɛɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɩɨɬɟɩɥɟɧɢɟ GWP, ɪɚɜɧɵɣ 1300.
Ɂɚɹɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɨ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ
• Ⱦɚɧɧɵɣ ɩɪɢɛɨɪ ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧ ɞɥɹ ɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɨɜ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɢɡɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧ
ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚɦɢ (EC) N. 1935/2004.
• Ⱦɚɧɧɨɟ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɟ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɚɧɨ, ɢɡɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɨ ɢ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɧɨ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ:
- ɧɨɪɦɵ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ Ⱦɢɪɟɤɬɢɜɵ "ɇɢɡɤɨɟ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ" 2006/95/CE (ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ
ɡɚɦɟɧɹɟɬ Ⱦɢɪɟɤɬɢɜɭ 73/23/CEE ɫ ɟɟ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɦɢ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹɦɢ).
- ɫ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚɦɢ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ, ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɧɵɦɢ Ⱦɢɪɟɤɬɢɜɨɣ "ɗɆɋ" 2004/108 EEɋ.
ɗɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɡɚɳɢɬɚ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ ɝɚɪɚɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɚ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ, ɟɫɥɢ
ɩɪɢɛɨɪ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧ ɤ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɦɭ ɡɚɡɟɦɥɹɸɳɟɦɭ
ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɭ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɧɨɪɦɚɦɢ
.
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