Americas Headquarters
Cisco Systems, Inc.
170 West Tasman Drive
San Jose, CA 95134-1706
USA
http://www.cisco.com
Tel: 408 526-4000
800 553-NETS (6387)
Fax: 408 527-0883
Catalyst 3560 Switch Software
Configuration Guide
Cisco IOS Release 12.2(44)SE
January 2008
Text Part Number: OL-8553-05
THE SPECIFICATIONS AND INFORMATION REGARDING THE PRODUCTS IN THIS MANUAL ARE SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE. ALL
STATEMENTS, INFORMATION, AND RECOMMENDATIONS IN THIS MANUAL ARE BELIEVED TO BE ACCURATE BUT ARE PRESENTED WITHOUT
WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED. USERS MUST TAKE FULL RESPONSIBILITY FOR THEIR APPLICATION OF ANY PRODUCTS.
THE SOFTWARE LICENSE AND LIMITED WARRANTY FOR THE ACCOMPANYING PRODUCT ARE SET FORTH IN THE INFORMATION PACKET THAT
SHIPPED WITH THE PRODUCT AND ARE INCORPORATED HEREIN BY THIS REFERENCE. IF YOU ARE UNABLE TO LOCATE THE SOFTWARE LICENSE
OR LIMITED WARRANTY, CONTACT YOUR CISCO REPRESENTATIVE FOR A COPY.
The Cisco implementation of TCP header compression is an adaptation of a program developed by the University of California, Berkeley (UCB) as part of UCB’s public
domain version of the UNIX operating system. All rights reserved. Copyright © 1981, Regents of the University of California.
NOTWITHSTANDING ANY OTHER WARRANTY HEREIN, ALL DOCUMENT FILES AND SOFTWARE OF THESE SUPPLIERS ARE PROVIDED “AS IS” WITH
ALL FAULTS. CISCO AND THE ABOVE-NAMED SUPPLIERS DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, WITHOUT
LIMITATION, THOSE OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT OR ARISING FROM A COURSE OF
DEALING, USAGE, OR TRADE PRACTICE.
IN NO EVENT SHALL CISCO OR ITS SUPPLIERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY INDIRECT, SPECIAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES, INCLUDING,
WITHOUT LIMITATION, LOST PROFITS OR LOSS OR DAMAGE TO DATA ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THIS MANUAL, EVEN IF CISCO
OR ITS SUPPLIERS HAVE BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
CCVP, the Cisco logo, and Welcome to the Human Network are trademarks of Cisco Systems, Inc.; Changing the Way We Work, Live, Play, and Learn is a service mark of
Cisco Systems, Inc.; and Access Registrar, Aironet, Catalyst, CCDA, CCDP, CCIE, CCIP, CCNA, CCNP, CCSP, Cisco, the Cisco Certified Internetwork Expert logo,
Cisco IOS, Cisco Press, Cisco Systems, Cisco Systems Capital, the Cisco Systems logo, Cisco Unity, Enterprise/Solver, EtherChannel, EtherFast, EtherSwitch, Fast Step,
Follow Me Browsing, FormShare, GigaDrive, HomeLink, Internet Quotient, IOS, iPhone, IP/TV, iQ Expertise, the iQ logo, iQ Net Readiness Scorecard, iQuick Study,
LightStream, Linksys, MeetingPlace, MGX, Networkers, Networking Academy, Network Registrar, PIX, ProConnect, ScriptShare, SMARTnet, StackWise, The Fastest Way
to Increase Your Internet Quotient, and TransPath are registered trademarks of Cisco Systems, Inc. and/or its affiliates in the United States and certain other countries.
All other trademarks mentioned in this document or Website are the property of their respective owners. The use of the word partner does not imply a partnership relationship
between Cisco and any other company. (0711R)
Any Internet Protocol (IP) addresses used in this document are not intended to be actual addresses. Any examples, command display output, and figures included in the
document are shown for illustrative purposes only. Any use of actual IP addresses in illustrative content is unintentional and coincidental.
Catalyst 3560 Switch Software Configuration Guide
© 2006-2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
iii
Catalyst 3560 Switch Software Configuration Guide
OL-8553-05
CONTENTS
Preface xliii
Audience xliii
Purpose xliii
Conventions xliv
Related Publications xliv
Obtaining Documentation, Obtaining Support, and Security Guidelines xlvi
CHAPTER
1Overview 1-1
Features 1-1
Ease-of-Deployment and Ease-of-Use Features 1-2
Performance Features 1-3
Management Options 1-5
Manageability Features 1-5
Availability and Redundancy Features 1-7
VLAN Features 1-8
Security Features 1-8
QoS and CoS Features 1-10
Layer 3 Features 1-12
Power over Ethernet Features 1-13
Monitoring Features 1-13
Default Settings After Initial Switch Configuration 1-14
Network Configuration Examples 1-17
Design Concepts for Using the Switch 1-17
Small to Medium-Sized Network Using Catalyst 3560 Switches 1-20
Large Network Using Catalyst 3560 Switches 1-22
Long-Distance, High-Bandwidth Transport Configuration 1-23
Where to Go Next 1-24
CHAPTER
2Using the Command-Line Interface 2-1
Understanding Command Modes 2-1
Understanding the Help System 2-3
Understanding Abbreviated Commands 2-4
Contents
iv
Catalyst 3560 Switch Software Configuration Guide
OL-8553-05
Understanding no and default Forms of Commands 2-4
Understanding CLI Error Messages 2-5
Using Configuration Logging 2-5
Using Command History 2-6
Changing the Command History Buffer Size 2-6
Recalling Commands 2-6
Disabling the Command History Feature 2-7
Using Editing Features 2-7
Enabling and Disabling Editing Features 2-7
Editing Commands through Keystrokes 2-7
Editing Command Lines that Wrap 2-9
Searching and Filtering Output of show and more Commands 2-10
Accessing the CLI 2-10
Accessing the CLI through a Console Connection or through Telnet 2-10
CHAPTER
3Assigning the Switch IP Address and Default Gateway 3-1
Understanding the Boot Process 3-1
Assigning Switch Information 3-2
Default Switch Information 3-3
Understanding DHCP-Based Autoconfiguration 3-3
DHCP Client Request Process 3-4
Understanding DHCP-based Autoconfiguration and Image Update 3-5
DHCP Autoconfiguration 3-5
DHCP Auto-Image Update 3-5
Limitations and Restrictions 3-5
Configuring DHCP-Based Autoconfiguration 3-6
DHCP Server Configuration Guidelines 3-6
Configuring the TFTP Server 3-7
Configuring the DNS 3-7
Configuring the Relay Device 3-8
Obtaining Configuration Files 3-8
Example Configuration 3-9
Configuring the DHCP Auto Configuration and Image Update Features 3-11
Configuring DHCP Autoconfiguration (Only Configuration File) 3-11
Configuring DHCP Auto-Image Update (Configuration File and Image) 3-12
Configuring the Client 3-13
Manually Assigning IP Information 3-14
Checking and Saving the Running Configuration 3-15
Contents
v
Catalyst 3560 Switch Software Configuration Guide
OL-8553-05
Modifying the Startup Configuration 3-16
Default Boot Configuration 3-16
Automatically Downloading a Configuration File 3-16
Specifying the Filename to Read and Write the System Configuration 3-16
Booting Manually 3-17
Booting a Specific Software Image 3-18
Controlling Environment Variables 3-18
Scheduling a Reload of the Software Image 3-20
Configuring a Scheduled Reload 3-20
Displaying Scheduled Reload Information 3-21
CHAPTER
4Configuring Cisco IOS CNS Agents 4-1
Understanding Cisco Configuration Engine Software 4-1
Configuration Service 4-2
Event Service 4-3
NameSpace Mapper 4-3
What You Should Know About the CNS IDs and Device Hostnames 4-3
ConfigID 4-3
DeviceID 4-4
Hostname and DeviceID 4-4
Using Hostname, DeviceID, and ConfigID 4-4
Understanding Cisco IOS Agents 4-5
Initial Configuration 4-5
Incremental (Partial) Configuration 4-6
Synchronized Configuration 4-6
Configuring Cisco IOS Agents 4-6
Enabling Automated CNS Configuration 4-6
Enabling the CNS Event Agent 4-8
Enabling the Cisco IOS CNS Agent 4-9
Enabling an Initial Configuration 4-9
Enabling a Partial Configuration 4-13
Displaying CNS Configuration 4-14
CHAPTER
5Clustering Switches 5-1
Understanding Switch Clusters 5-1
Cluster Command Switch Characteristics 5-3
Standby Cluster Command Switch Characteristics 5-3
Candidate Switch and Cluster Member Switch Characteristics 5-3
Contents
vi
Catalyst 3560 Switch Software Configuration Guide
OL-8553-05
Planning a Switch Cluster 5-4
Automatic Discovery of Cluster Candidates and Members 5-4
Discovery Through CDP Hops 5-5
Discovery Through Non-CDP-Capable and Noncluster-Capable Devices 5-6
Discovery Through Different VLANs 5-6
Discovery Through Different Management VLANs 5-7
Discovery Through Routed Ports 5-8
Discovery of Newly Installed Switches 5-9
HSRP and Standby Cluster Command Switches 5-10
Virtual IP Addresses 5-11
Other Considerations for Cluster Standby Groups 5-11
Automatic Recovery of Cluster Configuration 5-12
IP Addresses 5-13
Hostnames 5-13
Passwords 5-13
SNMP Community Strings 5-14
TACACS+ and RADIUS 5-14
LRE Profiles 5-14
Using the CLI to Manage Switch Clusters 5-15
Catalyst 1900 and Catalyst 2820 CLI Considerations 5-15
Using SNMP to Manage Switch Clusters 5-15
CHAPTER
6Administering the Switch 6-1
Managing the System Time and Date 6-1
Understanding the System Clock 6-1
Understanding Network Time Protocol 6-2
Configuring NTP 6-3
Default NTP Configuration 6-4
Configuring NTP Authentication 6-4
Configuring NTP Associations 6-5
Configuring NTP Broadcast Service 6-6
Configuring NTP Access Restrictions 6-8
Configuring the Source IP Address for NTP Packets 6-10
Displaying the NTP Configuration 6-11
Configuring Time and Date Manually 6-11
Setting the System Clock 6-11
Displaying the Time and Date Configuration 6-12
Configuring the Time Zone 6-12
Configuring Summer Time (Daylight Saving Time) 6-13
Contents
vii
Catalyst 3560 Switch Software Configuration Guide
OL-8553-05
Configuring a System Name and Prompt 6-14
Default System Name and Prompt Configuration 6-15
Configuring a System Name 6-15
Understanding DNS 6-15
Default DNS Configuration 6-16
Setting Up DNS 6-16
Displaying the DNS Configuration 6-17
Creating a Banner 6-17
Default Banner Configuration 6-17
Configuring a Message-of-the-Day Login Banner 6-18
Configuring a Login Banner 6-19
Managing the MAC Address Table 6-19
Building the Address Table 6-20
MAC Addresses and VLANs 6-20
Default MAC Address Table Configuration 6-21
Changing the Address Aging Time 6-21
Removing Dynamic Address Entries 6-22
Configuring MAC Address Notification Traps 6-22
Adding and Removing Static Address Entries 6-24
Configuring Unicast MAC Address Filtering 6-25
Displaying Address Table Entries 6-26
Managing the ARP Table 6-26
CHAPTER
7Configuring SDM Templates 7-1
Understanding the SDM Templates 7-1
Dual IPv4 and IPv6 SDM Templates 7-2
Configuring the Switch SDM Template 7-3
Default SDM Template 7-3
SDM Template Configuration Guidelines 7-4
Setting the SDM Template 7-4
Displaying the SDM Templates 7-5
CHAPTER
8Configuring Switch-Based Authentication 8-1
Preventing Unauthorized Access to Your Switch 8-1
Protecting Access to Privileged EXEC Commands 8-2
Default Password and Privilege Level Configuration 8-2
Setting or Changing a Static Enable Password 8-3
Protecting Enable and Enable Secret Passwords with Encryption 8-3
Disabling Password Recovery 8-5
Contents
viii
Catalyst 3560 Switch Software Configuration Guide
OL-8553-05
Setting a Telnet Password for a Terminal Line 8-6
Configuring Username and Password Pairs 8-6
Configuring Multiple Privilege Levels 8-7
Setting the Privilege Level for a Command 8-8
Changing the Default Privilege Level for Lines 8-9
Logging into and Exiting a Privilege Level 8-9
Controlling Switch Access with TACACS+ 8-10
Understanding TACACS+ 8-10
TACACS+ Operation 8-12
Configuring TACACS+ 8-12
Default TACACS+ Configuration 8-13
Identifying the TACACS+ Server Host and Setting the Authentication Key 8-13
Configuring TACACS+ Login Authentication 8-14
Configuring TACACS+ Authorization for Privileged EXEC Access and Network Services 8-16
Starting TACACS+ Accounting 8-17
Displaying the TACACS+ Configuration 8-17
Controlling Switch Access with RADIUS 8-17
Understanding RADIUS 8-18
RADIUS Operation 8-19
Configuring RADIUS 8-19
Default RADIUS Configuration 8-20
Identifying the RADIUS Server Host 8-20
Configuring RADIUS Login Authentication 8-23
Defining AAA Server Groups 8-25
Configuring RADIUS Authorization for User Privileged Access and Network Services 8-27
Starting RADIUS Accounting 8-28
Configuring Settings for All RADIUS Servers 8-29
Configuring the Switch to Use Vendor-Specific RADIUS Attributes 8-29
Configuring the Switch for Vendor-Proprietary RADIUS Server Communication 8-31
Displaying the RADIUS Configuration 8-31
Controlling Switch Access with Kerberos 8-32
Understanding Kerberos 8-32
Kerberos Operation 8-34
Authenticating to a Boundary Switch 8-34
Obtaining a TGT from a KDC 8-35
Authenticating to Network Services 8-35
Configuring Kerberos 8-35
Configuring the Switch for Local Authentication and Authorization 8-36
Contents
ix
Catalyst 3560 Switch Software Configuration Guide
OL-8553-05
Configuring the Switch for Secure Shell 8-37
Understanding SSH 8-38
SSH Servers, Integrated Clients, and Supported Versions 8-38
Limitations 8-39
Configuring SSH 8-39
Configuration Guidelines 8-39
Setting Up the Switch to Run SSH 8-39
Configuring the SSH Server 8-41
Displaying the SSH Configuration and Status 8-42
Configuring the Switch for Secure Socket Layer HTTP 8-42
Understanding Secure HTTP Servers and Clients 8-42
Certificate Authority Trustpoints 8-43
CipherSuites 8-44
Configuring Secure HTTP Servers and Clients 8-45
Default SSL Configuration 8-45
SSL Configuration Guidelines 8-45
Configuring a CA Trustpoint 8-45
Configuring the Secure HTTP Server 8-46
Configuring the Secure HTTP Client 8-48
Displaying Secure HTTP Server and Client Status 8-48
Configuring the Switch for Secure Copy Protocol 8-49
Information About Secure Copy 8-49
CHAPTER
9Configuring IEEE 802.1x Port-Based Authentication 9-1
Understanding IEEE 802.1x Port-Based Authentication 9-1
Device Roles 9-2
Authentication Process 9-3
Authentication Initiation and Message Exchange 9-5
Ports in Authorized and Unauthorized States 9-7
IEEE 802.1x Host Mode 9-7
IEEE 802.1x Accounting 9-8
IEEE 802.1x Accounting Attribute-Value Pairs 9-8
Using 802.1x Readiness Check 9-10
Using IEEE 802.1x Authentication with VLAN Assignment 9-10
Using IEEE 802.1x Authentication with Per-User ACLs 9-11
Using IEEE 802.1x Authentication with Guest VLAN 9-12
Using IEEE 802.1x Authentication with Restricted VLAN 9-13
Using IEEE 802.1x Authentication with Inaccessible Authentication Bypass 9-14
Using IEEE 802.1x Authentication with Voice VLAN Ports 9-15
Contents
x
Catalyst 3560 Switch Software Configuration Guide
OL-8553-05
Using IEEE 802.1x Authentication with Port Security 9-16
Using IEEE 802.1x Authentication with Wake-on-LAN 9-17
Using IEEE 802.1x Authentication with MAC Authentication Bypass 9-17
Using Network Admission Control Layer 2 IEEE 802.1x Validation 9-19
Using Multidomain Authentication 9-19
Using Web Authentication 9-20
Web Authentication with Automatic MAC Check 9-21
Configuring IEEE 802.1x Authentication 9-21
Default IEEE 802.1x Authentication Configuration 9-22
IEEE 802.1x Authentication Configuration Guidelines 9-23
IEEE 802.1x Authentication 9-23
VLAN Assignment, Guest VLAN, Restricted VLAN, and Inaccessible Authentication
Bypass 9-25
MAC Authentication Bypass 9-25
Upgrading from a Previous Software Release 9-26
Configuring 802.1x Readiness Check 9-26
Configuring IEEE 802.1x Authentication 9-27
Configuring the Switch-to-RADIUS-Server Communication 9-28
Configuring the Host Mode 9-30
Configuring Periodic Re-Authentication 9-31
Manually Re-Authenticating a Client Connected to a Port 9-31
Changing the Quiet Period 9-32
Changing the Switch-to-Client Retransmission Time 9-32
Setting the Switch-to-Client Frame-Retransmission Number 9-33
Setting the Re-Authentication Number 9-33
Configuring IEEE 802.1x Accounting 9-34
Configuring a Guest VLAN 9-35
Configuring a Restricted VLAN 9-36
Configuring the Inaccessible Authentication Bypass Feature 9-38
Configuring IEEE 802.1x Authentication with WoL 9-40
Configuring MAC Authentication Bypass 9-41
Configuring NAC Layer 2 IEEE 802.1x Validation 9-42
Configuring Web Authentication 9-43
Disabling IEEE 802.1x Authentication on the Port 9-45
Resetting the IEEE 802.1x Authentication Configuration to the Default Values 9-46
Displaying IEEE 802.1x Statistics and Status 9-46
Contents
xi
Catalyst 3560 Switch Software Configuration Guide
OL-8553-05
CHAPTER
10 Configuring Interface Characteristics 10-1
Understanding Interface Types 10-1
Port-Based VLANs 10-2
Switch Ports 10-2
Access Ports 10-3
Trunk Ports 10-3
Tunnel Ports 10-3
Routed Ports 10-4
Switch Virtual Interfaces 10-4
EtherChannel Port Groups 10-5
Dual-Purpose Uplink Ports 10-6
Power over Ethernet Ports 10-6
Supported Protocols and Standards 10-6
Powered-Device Detection and Initial Power Allocation 10-7
Power Management Modes 10-8
Connecting Interfaces 10-9
Using Interface Configuration Mode 10-10
Procedures for Configuring Interfaces 10-10
Configuring a Range of Interfaces 10-11
Configuring and Using Interface Range Macros 10-12
Configuring Ethernet Interfaces 10-14
Default Ethernet Interface Configuration 10-14
Setting the Type of a Dual-Purpose Uplink Port 10-16
Configuring Interface Speed and Duplex Mode 10-17
Speed and Duplex Configuration Guidelines 10-17
Setting the Interface Speed and Duplex Parameters 10-18
Configuring IEEE 802.3x Flow Control 10-19
Configuring Auto-MDIX on an Interface 10-20
Configuring a Power Management Mode on a PoE Port 10-21
Budgeting Power for Devices Connected to a PoE Port 10-22
Adding a Description for an Interface 10-24
Configuring Layer 3 Interfaces 10-25
Configuring the System MTU 10-26
Monitoring and Maintaining the Interfaces 10-28
Monitoring Interface Status 10-28
Clearing and Resetting Interfaces and Counters 10-29
Shutting Down and Restarting the Interface 10-29
Contents
xii
Catalyst 3560 Switch Software Configuration Guide
OL-8553-05
CHAPTER
11 Configuring Smartports Macros 11-1
Understanding Smartports Macros 11-1
Configuring Smartports Macros 11-2
Default Smartports Macro Configuration 11-2
Smartports Macro Configuration Guidelines 11-2
Creating Smartports Macros 11-4
Applying Smartports Macros 11-5
Applying Cisco-Default Smartports Macros 11-6
Displaying Smartports Macros 11-8
CHAPTER
12 Configuring VLANs 12-1
Understanding VLANs 12-1
Supported VLANs 12-2
VLAN Port Membership Modes 12-3
Configuring Normal-Range VLANs 12-4
Token Ring VLANs 12-6
Normal-Range VLAN Configuration Guidelines 12-6
VLAN Configuration Mode Options 12-7
VLAN Configuration in config-vlan Mode 12-7
VLAN Configuration in VLAN Database Configuration Mode 12-7
Saving VLAN Configuration 12-7
Default Ethernet VLAN Configuration 12-8
Creating or Modifying an Ethernet VLAN 12-9
Deleting a VLAN 12-10
Assigning Static-Access Ports to a VLAN 12-11
Configuring Extended-Range VLANs 12-12
Default VLAN Configuration 12-12
Extended-Range VLAN Configuration Guidelines 12-13
Creating an Extended-Range VLAN 12-13
Creating an Extended-Range VLAN with an Internal VLAN ID 12-15
Displaying VLANs 12-16
Configuring VLAN Trunks 12-16
Trunking Overview 12-16
Encapsulation Types 12-18
IEEE 802.1Q Configuration Considerations 12-19
Default Layer 2 Ethernet Interface VLAN Configuration 12-19
Contents
xiii
Catalyst 3560 Switch Software Configuration Guide
OL-8553-05
Configuring an Ethernet Interface as a Trunk Port 12-19
Interaction with Other Features 12-20
Configuring a Trunk Port 12-20
Defining the Allowed VLANs on a Trunk 12-21
Changing the Pruning-Eligible List 12-22
Configuring the Native VLAN for Untagged Traffic 12-23
Configuring Trunk Ports for Load Sharing 12-24
Load Sharing Using STP Port Priorities 12-24
Load Sharing Using STP Path Cost 12-26
Configuring VMPS 12-27
Understanding VMPS 12-28
Dynamic-Access Port VLAN Membership 12-28
Default VMPS Client Configuration 12-29
VMPS Configuration Guidelines 12-29
Configuring the VMPS Client 12-30
Entering the IP Address of the VMPS 12-30
Configuring Dynamic-Access Ports on VMPS Clients 12-30
Reconfirming VLAN Memberships 12-31
Changing the Reconfirmation Interval 12-31
Changing the Retry Count 12-32
Monitoring the VMPS 12-32
Troubleshooting Dynamic-Access Port VLAN Membership 12-33
VMPS Configuration Example 12-33
CHAPTER
13 Configuring VTP 13-1
Understanding VTP 13-1
The VTP Domain 13-2
VTP Modes 13-3
VTP Advertisements 13-3
VTP Version 2 13-4
VTP Pruning 13-4
Configuring VTP 13-6
Default VTP Configuration 13-6
VTP Configuration Options 13-7
VTP Configuration in Global Configuration Mode 13-7
VTP Configuration in VLAN Database Configuration Mode 13-7
Contents
xiv
Catalyst 3560 Switch Software Configuration Guide
OL-8553-05
VTP Configuration Guidelines 13-8
Domain Names 13-8
Passwords 13-8
VTP Version 13-8
Configuration Requirements 13-9
Configuring a VTP Server 13-9
Configuring a VTP Client 13-11
Disabling VTP (VTP Transparent Mode) 13-12
Enabling VTP Version 2 13-13
Enabling VTP Pruning 13-14
Adding a VTP Client Switch to a VTP Domain 13-14
Monitoring VTP 13-16
CHAPTER
14 Configuring Voice VLAN 15-1
Understanding Voice VLAN 15-1
Cisco IP Phone Voice Traffic 15-2
Cisco IP Phone Data Traffic 15-2
Configuring Voice VLAN 15-3
Default Voice VLAN Configuration 15-3
Voice VLAN Configuration Guidelines 15-3
Configuring a Port Connected to a Cisco 7960 IP Phone 15-4
Configuring Cisco IP Phone Voice Traffic 15-5
Configuring the Priority of Incoming Data Frames 15-6
Displaying Voice VLAN 15-7
CHAPTER
15 Configuring Private VLANs 14-1
Understanding Private VLANs 14-1
IP Addressing Scheme with Private VLANs 14-3
Private VLANs across Multiple Switches 14-4
Private-VLAN Interaction with Other Features 14-4
Private VLANs and Unicast, Broadcast, and Multicast Traffic 14-5
Private VLANs and SVIs 14-5
Configuring Private VLANs 14-5
Tasks for Configuring Private VLANs 14-6
Default Private-VLAN Configuration 14-6
Private-VLAN Configuration Guidelines 14-6
Secondary and Primary VLAN Configuration 14-6
Private-VLAN Port Configuration 14-8
Limitations with Other Features 14-8
Contents
xv
Catalyst 3560 Switch Software Configuration Guide
OL-8553-05
Configuring and Associating VLANs in a Private VLAN 14-9
Configuring a Layer 2 Interface as a Private-VLAN Host Port 14-11
Configuring a Layer 2 Interface as a Private-VLAN Promiscuous Port 14-12
Mapping Secondary VLANs to a Primary VLAN Layer 3 VLAN Interface 14-13
Monitoring Private VLANs 14-14
CHAPTER
16 Configuring IEEE 802.1Q and Layer 2 Protocol Tunneling 16-1
Understanding IEEE 802.1Q Tunneling 16-1
Configuring IEEE 802.1Q Tunneling 16-4
Default IEEE 802.1Q Tunneling Configuration 16-4
IEEE 802.1Q Tunneling Configuration Guidelines 16-4
Native VLANs 16-4
System MTU 16-5
IEEE 802.1Q Tunneling and Other Features 16-6
Configuring an IEEE 802.1Q Tunneling Port 16-6
Understanding Layer 2 Protocol Tunneling 16-7
Configuring Layer 2 Protocol Tunneling 16-10
Default Layer 2 Protocol Tunneling Configuration 16-11
Layer 2 Protocol Tunneling Configuration Guidelines 16-12
Configuring Layer 2 Protocol Tunneling 16-13
Configuring Layer 2 Tunneling for EtherChannels 16-14
Configuring the SP Edge Switch 16-14
Configuring the Customer Switch 16-16
Monitoring and Maintaining Tunneling Status 16-18
CHAPTER
17 Configuring STP 17-1
Understanding Spanning-Tree Features 17-1
STP Overview 17-2
Spanning-Tree Topology and BPDUs 17-3
Bridge ID, Switch Priority, and Extended System ID 17-4
Spanning-Tree Interface States 17-4
Blocking State 17-6
Listening State 17-6
Learning State 17-6
Forwarding State 17-6
Disabled State 17-7
How a Switch or Port Becomes the Root Switch or Root Port 17-7
Spanning Tree and Redundant Connectivity 17-8
Spanning-Tree Address Management 17-8
Contents
xvi
Catalyst 3560 Switch Software Configuration Guide
OL-8553-05
Accelerated Aging to Retain Connectivity 17-8
Spanning-Tree Modes and Protocols 17-9
Supported Spanning-Tree Instances 17-9
Spanning-Tree Interoperability and Backward Compatibility 17-10
STP and IEEE 802.1Q Trunks 17-10
VLAN-Bridge Spanning Tree 17-10
Configuring Spanning-Tree Features 17-11
Default Spanning-Tree Configuration 17-11
Spanning-Tree Configuration Guidelines 17-12
Changing the Spanning-Tree Mode. 17-13
Disabling Spanning Tree 17-14
Configuring the Root Switch 17-14
Configuring a Secondary Root Switch 17-16
Configuring Port Priority 17-17
Configuring Path Cost 17-18
Configuring the Switch Priority of a VLAN 17-19
Configuring Spanning-Tree Timers 17-20
Configuring the Hello Time 17-20
Configuring the Forwarding-Delay Time for a VLAN 17-21
Configuring the Maximum-Aging Time for a VLAN 17-21
Configuring the Transmit Hold-Count 17-22
Displaying the Spanning-Tree Status 17-22
CHAPTER
18 Configuring MSTP 18-1
Understanding MSTP 18-2
Multiple Spanning-Tree Regions 18-2
IST, CIST, and CST 18-3
Operations Within an MST Region 18-3
Operations Between MST Regions 18-4
IEEE 802.1s Terminology 18-5
Hop Count 18-5
Boundary Ports 18-6
IEEE 802.1s Implementation 18-6
Port Role Naming Change 18-7
Interoperation Between Legacy and Standard Switches 18-7
Detecting Unidirectional Link Failure 18-8
Interoperability with IEEE 802.1D STP 18-8
Contents
xvii
Catalyst 3560 Switch Software Configuration Guide
OL-8553-05
Understanding RSTP 18-8
Port Roles and the Active Topology 18-9
Rapid Convergence 18-10
Synchronization of Port Roles 18-11
Bridge Protocol Data Unit Format and Processing 18-12
Processing Superior BPDU Information 18-13
Processing Inferior BPDU Information 18-13
Topology Changes 18-13
Configuring MSTP Features 18-14
Default MSTP Configuration 18-14
MSTP Configuration Guidelines 18-15
Specifying the MST Region Configuration and Enabling MSTP 18-16
Configuring the Root Switch 18-17
Configuring a Secondary Root Switch 18-18
Configuring Port Priority 18-19
Configuring Path Cost 18-20
Configuring the Switch Priority 18-21
Configuring the Hello Time 18-22
Configuring the Forwarding-Delay Time 18-23
Configuring the Maximum-Aging Time 18-23
Configuring the Maximum-Hop Count 18-24
Specifying the Link Type to Ensure Rapid Transitions 18-24
Designating the Neighbor Type 18-25
Restarting the Protocol Migration Process 18-25
Displaying the MST Configuration and Status 18-26
CHAPTER
19 Configuring Optional Spanning-Tree Features 19-1
Understanding Optional Spanning-Tree Features 19-1
Understanding Port Fast 19-2
Understanding BPDU Guard 19-2
Understanding BPDU Filtering 19-3
Understanding UplinkFast 19-3
Understanding BackboneFast 19-5
Understanding EtherChannel Guard 19-7
Understanding Root Guard 19-8
Understanding Loop Guard 19-9
Contents
xviii
Catalyst 3560 Switch Software Configuration Guide
OL-8553-05
Configuring Optional Spanning-Tree Features 19-9
Default Optional Spanning-Tree Configuration 19-9
Optional Spanning-Tree Configuration Guidelines 19-10
Enabling Port Fast 19-10
Enabling BPDU Guard 19-11
Enabling BPDU Filtering 19-12
Enabling UplinkFast for Use with Redundant Links 19-13
Enabling BackboneFast 19-13
Enabling EtherChannel Guard 19-14
Enabling Root Guard 19-15
Enabling Loop Guard 19-15
Displaying the Spanning-Tree Status 19-16
CHAPTER
20 Configuring Flex Links and the MAC Address-Table Move Update Feature 20-1
Understanding Flex Links and the MAC Address-Table Move Update 20-1
Flex Links 20-1
VLAN Flex Link Load Balancing and Support 20-2
Flex Link Multicast Fast Convergence 20-3
Learning the Other Flex Link Port as the mrouter Port 20-3
Generating IGMP Reports 20-3
Leaking IGMP Reports 20-4
MAC Address-Table Move Update 20-6
Configuring Flex Links and the MAC Address-Table Move Update 20-7
Default Configuration 20-7
Configuration Guidelines 20-8
Configuring Flex Links 20-8
Configuring VLAN Load Balancing on Flex Links 20-10
Configuring the MAC Address-Table Move Update Feature 20-12
Monitoring Flex Links and the MAC Address-Table Move Update 20-14
CHAPTER
21 Configuring DHCP Features and IP Source Guard 21-1
Understanding DHCP Features 21-1
DHCP Server 21-2
DHCP Relay Agent 21-2
DHCP Snooping 21-2
Option-82 Data Insertion 21-3
Cisco IOS DHCP Server Database 21-6
DHCP Snooping Binding Database 21-7
Contents
xix
Catalyst 3560 Switch Software Configuration Guide
OL-8553-05
Configuring DHCP Features 21-8
Default DHCP Configuration 21-8
DHCP Snooping Configuration Guidelines 21-9
Configuring the DHCP Server 21-10
Configuring the DHCP Relay Agent 21-10
Specifying the Packet Forwarding Address 21-11
Enabling DHCP Snooping and Option 82 21-12
Enabling DHCP Snooping on Private VLANs 21-13
Enabling the Cisco IOS DHCP Server Database 21-14
Enabling the DHCP Snooping Binding Database Agent 21-14
Displaying DHCP Snooping Information 21-15
Understanding IP Source Guard 21-15
Source IP Address Filtering 21-16
Source IP and MAC Address Filtering 21-16
Configuring IP Source Guard 21-16
Default IP Source Guard Configuration 21-16
IP Source Guard Configuration Guidelines 21-17
Enabling IP Source Guard 21-17
Displaying IP Source Guard Information 21-19
CHAPTER
22 Configuring Dynamic ARP Inspection 22-1
Understanding Dynamic ARP Inspection 22-1
Interface Trust States and Network Security 22-3
Rate Limiting of ARP Packets 22-4
Relative Priority of ARP ACLs and DHCP Snooping Entries 22-4
Logging of Dropped Packets 22-4
Configuring Dynamic ARP Inspection 22-5
Default Dynamic ARP Inspection Configuration 22-5
Dynamic ARP Inspection Configuration Guidelines 22-6
Configuring Dynamic ARP Inspection in DHCP Environments 22-7
Configuring ARP ACLs for Non-DHCP Environments 22-8
Limiting the Rate of Incoming ARP Packets 22-11
Performing Validation Checks 22-12
Configuring the Log Buffer 22-13
Displaying Dynamic ARP Inspection Information 22-15
Contents
xx
Catalyst 3560 Switch Software Configuration Guide
OL-8553-05
CHAPTER
23 Configuring IGMP Snooping and MVR 23-1
Understanding IGMP Snooping 23-2
IGMP Versions 23-3
Joining a Multicast Group 23-3
Leaving a Multicast Group 23-5
Immediate Leave 23-5
IGMP Configurable-Leave Timer 23-6
IGMP Report Suppression 23-6
Configuring IGMP Snooping 23-7
Default IGMP Snooping Configuration 23-7
Enabling or Disabling IGMP Snooping 23-7
Setting the Snooping Method 23-8
Configuring a Multicast Router Port 23-9
Configuring a Host Statically to Join a Group 23-10
Enabling IGMP Immediate Leave 23-11
Configuring the IGMP Leave Timer 23-11
Configuring TCN-Related Commands 23-12
Controlling the Multicast Flooding Time After a TCN Event 23-12
Recovering from Flood Mode 23-13
Disabling Multicast Flooding During a TCN Event 23-13
Configuring the IGMP Snooping Querier 23-14
Disabling IGMP Report Suppression 23-15
Displaying IGMP Snooping Information 23-16
Understanding Multicast VLAN Registration 23-17
Using MVR in a Multicast Television Application 23-18
Configuring MVR 23-20
Default MVR Configuration 23-20
MVR Configuration Guidelines and Limitations 23-20
Configuring MVR Global Parameters 23-21
Configuring MVR Interfaces 23-22
Displaying MVR Information 23-24
Configuring IGMP Filtering and Throttling 23-24
Default IGMP Filtering and Throttling Configuration 23-25
Configuring IGMP Profiles 23-25
Applying IGMP Profiles 23-26
Setting the Maximum Number of IGMP Groups 23-27
Configuring the IGMP Throttling Action 23-28
Displaying IGMP Filtering and Throttling Configuration 23-29
  • Page 1 1
  • Page 2 2
  • Page 3 3
  • Page 4 4
  • Page 5 5
  • Page 6 6
  • Page 7 7
  • Page 8 8
  • Page 9 9
  • Page 10 10
  • Page 11 11
  • Page 12 12
  • Page 13 13
  • Page 14 14
  • Page 15 15
  • Page 16 16
  • Page 17 17
  • Page 18 18
  • Page 19 19
  • Page 20 20
  • Page 21 21
  • Page 22 22
  • Page 23 23
  • Page 24 24
  • Page 25 25
  • Page 26 26
  • Page 27 27
  • Page 28 28
  • Page 29 29
  • Page 30 30
  • Page 31 31
  • Page 32 32
  • Page 33 33
  • Page 34 34
  • Page 35 35
  • Page 36 36
  • Page 37 37
  • Page 38 38
  • Page 39 39
  • Page 40 40
  • Page 41 41
  • Page 42 42
  • Page 43 43
  • Page 44 44
  • Page 45 45
  • Page 46 46
  • Page 47 47
  • Page 48 48
  • Page 49 49
  • Page 50 50
  • Page 51 51
  • Page 52 52
  • Page 53 53
  • Page 54 54
  • Page 55 55
  • Page 56 56
  • Page 57 57
  • Page 58 58
  • Page 59 59
  • Page 60 60
  • Page 61 61
  • Page 62 62
  • Page 63 63
  • Page 64 64
  • Page 65 65
  • Page 66 66
  • Page 67 67
  • Page 68 68
  • Page 69 69
  • Page 70 70
  • Page 71 71
  • Page 72 72
  • Page 73 73
  • Page 74 74
  • Page 75 75
  • Page 76 76
  • Page 77 77
  • Page 78 78
  • Page 79 79
  • Page 80 80
  • Page 81 81
  • Page 82 82
  • Page 83 83
  • Page 84 84
  • Page 85 85
  • Page 86 86
  • Page 87 87
  • Page 88 88
  • Page 89 89
  • Page 90 90
  • Page 91 91
  • Page 92 92
  • Page 93 93
  • Page 94 94
  • Page 95 95
  • Page 96 96
  • Page 97 97
  • Page 98 98
  • Page 99 99
  • Page 100 100
  • Page 101 101
  • Page 102 102
  • Page 103 103
  • Page 104 104
  • Page 105 105
  • Page 106 106
  • Page 107 107
  • Page 108 108
  • Page 109 109
  • Page 110 110
  • Page 111 111
  • Page 112 112
  • Page 113 113
  • Page 114 114
  • Page 115 115
  • Page 116 116
  • Page 117 117
  • Page 118 118
  • Page 119 119
  • Page 120 120
  • Page 121 121
  • Page 122 122
  • Page 123 123
  • Page 124 124
  • Page 125 125
  • Page 126 126
  • Page 127 127
  • Page 128 128
  • Page 129 129
  • Page 130 130
  • Page 131 131
  • Page 132 132
  • Page 133 133
  • Page 134 134
  • Page 135 135
  • Page 136 136
  • Page 137 137
  • Page 138 138
  • Page 139 139
  • Page 140 140
  • Page 141 141
  • Page 142 142
  • Page 143 143
  • Page 144 144
  • Page 145 145
  • Page 146 146
  • Page 147 147
  • Page 148 148
  • Page 149 149
  • Page 150 150
  • Page 151 151
  • Page 152 152
  • Page 153 153
  • Page 154 154
  • Page 155 155
  • Page 156 156
  • Page 157 157
  • Page 158 158
  • Page 159 159
  • Page 160 160
  • Page 161 161
  • Page 162 162
  • Page 163 163
  • Page 164 164
  • Page 165 165
  • Page 166 166
  • Page 167 167
  • Page 168 168
  • Page 169 169
  • Page 170 170
  • Page 171 171
  • Page 172 172
  • Page 173 173
  • Page 174 174
  • Page 175 175
  • Page 176 176
  • Page 177 177
  • Page 178 178
  • Page 179 179
  • Page 180 180
  • Page 181 181
  • Page 182 182
  • Page 183 183
  • Page 184 184
  • Page 185 185
  • Page 186 186
  • Page 187 187
  • Page 188 188
  • Page 189 189
  • Page 190 190
  • Page 191 191
  • Page 192 192
  • Page 193 193
  • Page 194 194
  • Page 195 195
  • Page 196 196
  • Page 197 197
  • Page 198 198
  • Page 199 199
  • Page 200 200
  • Page 201 201
  • Page 202 202
  • Page 203 203
  • Page 204 204
  • Page 205 205
  • Page 206 206
  • Page 207 207
  • Page 208 208
  • Page 209 209
  • Page 210 210
  • Page 211 211
  • Page 212 212
  • Page 213 213
  • Page 214 214
  • Page 215 215
  • Page 216 216
  • Page 217 217
  • Page 218 218
  • Page 219 219
  • Page 220 220
  • Page 221 221
  • Page 222 222
  • Page 223 223
  • Page 224 224
  • Page 225 225
  • Page 226 226
  • Page 227 227
  • Page 228 228
  • Page 229 229
  • Page 230 230
  • Page 231 231
  • Page 232 232
  • Page 233 233
  • Page 234 234
  • Page 235 235
  • Page 236 236
  • Page 237 237
  • Page 238 238
  • Page 239 239
  • Page 240 240
  • Page 241 241
  • Page 242 242
  • Page 243 243
  • Page 244 244
  • Page 245 245
  • Page 246 246
  • Page 247 247
  • Page 248 248
  • Page 249 249
  • Page 250 250
  • Page 251 251
  • Page 252 252
  • Page 253 253
  • Page 254 254
  • Page 255 255
  • Page 256 256
  • Page 257 257
  • Page 258 258
  • Page 259 259
  • Page 260 260
  • Page 261 261
  • Page 262 262
  • Page 263 263
  • Page 264 264
  • Page 265 265
  • Page 266 266
  • Page 267 267
  • Page 268 268
  • Page 269 269
  • Page 270 270
  • Page 271 271
  • Page 272 272
  • Page 273 273
  • Page 274 274
  • Page 275 275
  • Page 276 276
  • Page 277 277
  • Page 278 278
  • Page 279 279
  • Page 280 280
  • Page 281 281
  • Page 282 282
  • Page 283 283
  • Page 284 284
  • Page 285 285
  • Page 286 286
  • Page 287 287
  • Page 288 288
  • Page 289 289
  • Page 290 290
  • Page 291 291
  • Page 292 292
  • Page 293 293
  • Page 294 294
  • Page 295 295
  • Page 296 296
  • Page 297 297
  • Page 298 298
  • Page 299 299
  • Page 300 300
  • Page 301 301
  • Page 302 302
  • Page 303 303
  • Page 304 304
  • Page 305 305
  • Page 306 306
  • Page 307 307
  • Page 308 308
  • Page 309 309
  • Page 310 310
  • Page 311 311
  • Page 312 312
  • Page 313 313
  • Page 314 314
  • Page 315 315
  • Page 316 316
  • Page 317 317
  • Page 318 318
  • Page 319 319
  • Page 320 320
  • Page 321 321
  • Page 322 322
  • Page 323 323
  • Page 324 324
  • Page 325 325
  • Page 326 326
  • Page 327 327
  • Page 328 328
  • Page 329 329
  • Page 330 330
  • Page 331 331
  • Page 332 332
  • Page 333 333
  • Page 334 334
  • Page 335 335
  • Page 336 336
  • Page 337 337
  • Page 338 338
  • Page 339 339
  • Page 340 340
  • Page 341 341
  • Page 342 342
  • Page 343 343
  • Page 344 344
  • Page 345 345
  • Page 346 346
  • Page 347 347
  • Page 348 348
  • Page 349 349
  • Page 350 350
  • Page 351 351
  • Page 352 352
  • Page 353 353
  • Page 354 354
  • Page 355 355
  • Page 356 356
  • Page 357 357
  • Page 358 358
  • Page 359 359
  • Page 360 360
  • Page 361 361
  • Page 362 362
  • Page 363 363
  • Page 364 364
  • Page 365 365
  • Page 366 366
  • Page 367 367
  • Page 368 368
  • Page 369 369
  • Page 370 370
  • Page 371 371
  • Page 372 372
  • Page 373 373
  • Page 374 374
  • Page 375 375
  • Page 376 376
  • Page 377 377
  • Page 378 378
  • Page 379 379
  • Page 380 380
  • Page 381 381
  • Page 382 382
  • Page 383 383
  • Page 384 384
  • Page 385 385
  • Page 386 386
  • Page 387 387
  • Page 388 388
  • Page 389 389
  • Page 390 390
  • Page 391 391
  • Page 392 392
  • Page 393 393
  • Page 394 394
  • Page 395 395
  • Page 396 396
  • Page 397 397
  • Page 398 398
  • Page 399 399
  • Page 400 400
  • Page 401 401
  • Page 402 402
  • Page 403 403
  • Page 404 404
  • Page 405 405
  • Page 406 406
  • Page 407 407
  • Page 408 408
  • Page 409 409
  • Page 410 410
  • Page 411 411
  • Page 412 412
  • Page 413 413
  • Page 414 414
  • Page 415 415
  • Page 416 416
  • Page 417 417
  • Page 418 418
  • Page 419 419
  • Page 420 420
  • Page 421 421
  • Page 422 422
  • Page 423 423
  • Page 424 424
  • Page 425 425
  • Page 426 426
  • Page 427 427
  • Page 428 428
  • Page 429 429
  • Page 430 430
  • Page 431 431
  • Page 432 432
  • Page 433 433
  • Page 434 434
  • Page 435 435
  • Page 436 436
  • Page 437 437
  • Page 438 438
  • Page 439 439
  • Page 440 440
  • Page 441 441
  • Page 442 442
  • Page 443 443
  • Page 444 444
  • Page 445 445
  • Page 446 446
  • Page 447 447
  • Page 448 448
  • Page 449 449
  • Page 450 450
  • Page 451 451
  • Page 452 452
  • Page 453 453
  • Page 454 454
  • Page 455 455
  • Page 456 456
  • Page 457 457
  • Page 458 458
  • Page 459 459
  • Page 460 460
  • Page 461 461
  • Page 462 462
  • Page 463 463
  • Page 464 464
  • Page 465 465
  • Page 466 466
  • Page 467 467
  • Page 468 468
  • Page 469 469
  • Page 470 470
  • Page 471 471
  • Page 472 472
  • Page 473 473
  • Page 474 474
  • Page 475 475
  • Page 476 476
  • Page 477 477
  • Page 478 478
  • Page 479 479
  • Page 480 480
  • Page 481 481
  • Page 482 482
  • Page 483 483
  • Page 484 484
  • Page 485 485
  • Page 486 486
  • Page 487 487
  • Page 488 488
  • Page 489 489
  • Page 490 490
  • Page 491 491
  • Page 492 492
  • Page 493 493
  • Page 494 494
  • Page 495 495
  • Page 496 496
  • Page 497 497
  • Page 498 498
  • Page 499 499
  • Page 500 500
  • Page 501 501
  • Page 502 502
  • Page 503 503
  • Page 504 504
  • Page 505 505
  • Page 506 506
  • Page 507 507
  • Page 508 508
  • Page 509 509
  • Page 510 510
  • Page 511 511
  • Page 512 512
  • Page 513 513
  • Page 514 514
  • Page 515 515
  • Page 516 516
  • Page 517 517
  • Page 518 518
  • Page 519 519
  • Page 520 520
  • Page 521 521
  • Page 522 522
  • Page 523 523
  • Page 524 524
  • Page 525 525
  • Page 526 526
  • Page 527 527
  • Page 528 528
  • Page 529 529
  • Page 530 530
  • Page 531 531
  • Page 532 532
  • Page 533 533
  • Page 534 534
  • Page 535 535
  • Page 536 536
  • Page 537 537
  • Page 538 538
  • Page 539 539
  • Page 540 540
  • Page 541 541
  • Page 542 542
  • Page 543 543
  • Page 544 544
  • Page 545 545
  • Page 546 546
  • Page 547 547
  • Page 548 548
  • Page 549 549
  • Page 550 550
  • Page 551 551
  • Page 552 552
  • Page 553 553
  • Page 554 554
  • Page 555 555
  • Page 556 556
  • Page 557 557
  • Page 558 558
  • Page 559 559
  • Page 560 560
  • Page 561 561
  • Page 562 562
  • Page 563 563
  • Page 564 564
  • Page 565 565
  • Page 566 566
  • Page 567 567
  • Page 568 568
  • Page 569 569
  • Page 570 570
  • Page 571 571
  • Page 572 572
  • Page 573 573
  • Page 574 574
  • Page 575 575
  • Page 576 576
  • Page 577 577
  • Page 578 578
  • Page 579 579
  • Page 580 580
  • Page 581 581
  • Page 582 582
  • Page 583 583
  • Page 584 584
  • Page 585 585
  • Page 586 586
  • Page 587 587
  • Page 588 588
  • Page 589 589
  • Page 590 590
  • Page 591 591
  • Page 592 592
  • Page 593 593
  • Page 594 594
  • Page 595 595
  • Page 596 596
  • Page 597 597
  • Page 598 598
  • Page 599 599
  • Page 600 600
  • Page 601 601
  • Page 602 602
  • Page 603 603
  • Page 604 604
  • Page 605 605
  • Page 606 606
  • Page 607 607
  • Page 608 608
  • Page 609 609
  • Page 610 610
  • Page 611 611
  • Page 612 612
  • Page 613 613
  • Page 614 614
  • Page 615 615
  • Page 616 616
  • Page 617 617
  • Page 618 618
  • Page 619 619
  • Page 620 620
  • Page 621 621
  • Page 622 622
  • Page 623 623
  • Page 624 624
  • Page 625 625
  • Page 626 626
  • Page 627 627
  • Page 628 628
  • Page 629 629
  • Page 630 630
  • Page 631 631
  • Page 632 632
  • Page 633 633
  • Page 634 634
  • Page 635 635
  • Page 636 636
  • Page 637 637
  • Page 638 638
  • Page 639 639
  • Page 640 640
  • Page 641 641
  • Page 642 642
  • Page 643 643
  • Page 644 644
  • Page 645 645
  • Page 646 646
  • Page 647 647
  • Page 648 648
  • Page 649 649
  • Page 650 650
  • Page 651 651
  • Page 652 652
  • Page 653 653
  • Page 654 654
  • Page 655 655
  • Page 656 656
  • Page 657 657
  • Page 658 658
  • Page 659 659
  • Page 660 660
  • Page 661 661
  • Page 662 662
  • Page 663 663
  • Page 664 664
  • Page 665 665
  • Page 666 666
  • Page 667 667
  • Page 668 668
  • Page 669 669
  • Page 670 670
  • Page 671 671
  • Page 672 672
  • Page 673 673
  • Page 674 674
  • Page 675 675
  • Page 676 676
  • Page 677 677
  • Page 678 678
  • Page 679 679
  • Page 680 680
  • Page 681 681
  • Page 682 682
  • Page 683 683
  • Page 684 684
  • Page 685 685
  • Page 686 686
  • Page 687 687
  • Page 688 688
  • Page 689 689
  • Page 690 690
  • Page 691 691
  • Page 692 692
  • Page 693 693
  • Page 694 694
  • Page 695 695
  • Page 696 696
  • Page 697 697
  • Page 698 698
  • Page 699 699
  • Page 700 700
  • Page 701 701
  • Page 702 702
  • Page 703 703
  • Page 704 704
  • Page 705 705
  • Page 706 706
  • Page 707 707
  • Page 708 708
  • Page 709 709
  • Page 710 710
  • Page 711 711
  • Page 712 712
  • Page 713 713
  • Page 714 714
  • Page 715 715
  • Page 716 716
  • Page 717 717
  • Page 718 718
  • Page 719 719
  • Page 720 720
  • Page 721 721
  • Page 722 722
  • Page 723 723
  • Page 724 724
  • Page 725 725
  • Page 726 726
  • Page 727 727
  • Page 728 728
  • Page 729 729
  • Page 730 730
  • Page 731 731
  • Page 732 732
  • Page 733 733
  • Page 734 734
  • Page 735 735
  • Page 736 736
  • Page 737 737
  • Page 738 738
  • Page 739 739
  • Page 740 740
  • Page 741 741
  • Page 742 742
  • Page 743 743
  • Page 744 744
  • Page 745 745
  • Page 746 746
  • Page 747 747
  • Page 748 748
  • Page 749 749
  • Page 750 750
  • Page 751 751
  • Page 752 752
  • Page 753 753
  • Page 754 754
  • Page 755 755
  • Page 756 756
  • Page 757 757
  • Page 758 758
  • Page 759 759
  • Page 760 760
  • Page 761 761
  • Page 762 762
  • Page 763 763
  • Page 764 764
  • Page 765 765
  • Page 766 766
  • Page 767 767
  • Page 768 768
  • Page 769 769
  • Page 770 770
  • Page 771 771
  • Page 772 772
  • Page 773 773
  • Page 774 774
  • Page 775 775
  • Page 776 776
  • Page 777 777
  • Page 778 778
  • Page 779 779
  • Page 780 780
  • Page 781 781
  • Page 782 782
  • Page 783 783
  • Page 784 784
  • Page 785 785
  • Page 786 786
  • Page 787 787
  • Page 788 788
  • Page 789 789
  • Page 790 790
  • Page 791 791
  • Page 792 792
  • Page 793 793
  • Page 794 794
  • Page 795 795
  • Page 796 796
  • Page 797 797
  • Page 798 798
  • Page 799 799
  • Page 800 800
  • Page 801 801
  • Page 802 802
  • Page 803 803
  • Page 804 804
  • Page 805 805
  • Page 806 806
  • Page 807 807
  • Page 808 808
  • Page 809 809
  • Page 810 810
  • Page 811 811
  • Page 812 812
  • Page 813 813
  • Page 814 814
  • Page 815 815
  • Page 816 816
  • Page 817 817
  • Page 818 818
  • Page 819 819
  • Page 820 820
  • Page 821 821
  • Page 822 822
  • Page 823 823
  • Page 824 824
  • Page 825 825
  • Page 826 826
  • Page 827 827
  • Page 828 828
  • Page 829 829
  • Page 830 830
  • Page 831 831
  • Page 832 832
  • Page 833 833
  • Page 834 834
  • Page 835 835
  • Page 836 836
  • Page 837 837
  • Page 838 838
  • Page 839 839
  • Page 840 840
  • Page 841 841
  • Page 842 842
  • Page 843 843
  • Page 844 844
  • Page 845 845
  • Page 846 846
  • Page 847 847
  • Page 848 848
  • Page 849 849
  • Page 850 850
  • Page 851 851
  • Page 852 852
  • Page 853 853
  • Page 854 854
  • Page 855 855
  • Page 856 856
  • Page 857 857
  • Page 858 858
  • Page 859 859
  • Page 860 860
  • Page 861 861
  • Page 862 862
  • Page 863 863
  • Page 864 864
  • Page 865 865
  • Page 866 866
  • Page 867 867
  • Page 868 868
  • Page 869 869
  • Page 870 870
  • Page 871 871
  • Page 872 872
  • Page 873 873
  • Page 874 874
  • Page 875 875
  • Page 876 876
  • Page 877 877
  • Page 878 878
  • Page 879 879
  • Page 880 880
  • Page 881 881
  • Page 882 882
  • Page 883 883
  • Page 884 884
  • Page 885 885
  • Page 886 886
  • Page 887 887
  • Page 888 888
  • Page 889 889
  • Page 890 890
  • Page 891 891
  • Page 892 892
  • Page 893 893
  • Page 894 894
  • Page 895 895
  • Page 896 896
  • Page 897 897
  • Page 898 898
  • Page 899 899
  • Page 900 900
  • Page 901 901
  • Page 902 902
  • Page 903 903
  • Page 904 904
  • Page 905 905
  • Page 906 906
  • Page 907 907
  • Page 908 908
  • Page 909 909
  • Page 910 910
  • Page 911 911
  • Page 912 912
  • Page 913 913
  • Page 914 914
  • Page 915 915
  • Page 916 916
  • Page 917 917
  • Page 918 918
  • Page 919 919
  • Page 920 920
  • Page 921 921
  • Page 922 922
  • Page 923 923
  • Page 924 924
  • Page 925 925
  • Page 926 926
  • Page 927 927
  • Page 928 928
  • Page 929 929
  • Page 930 930
  • Page 931 931
  • Page 932 932
  • Page 933 933
  • Page 934 934
  • Page 935 935
  • Page 936 936
  • Page 937 937
  • Page 938 938
  • Page 939 939
  • Page 940 940
  • Page 941 941
  • Page 942 942
  • Page 943 943
  • Page 944 944
  • Page 945 945
  • Page 946 946
  • Page 947 947
  • Page 948 948
  • Page 949 949
  • Page 950 950
  • Page 951 951
  • Page 952 952
  • Page 953 953
  • Page 954 954
  • Page 955 955
  • Page 956 956
  • Page 957 957
  • Page 958 958
  • Page 959 959
  • Page 960 960
  • Page 961 961
  • Page 962 962
  • Page 963 963
  • Page 964 964
  • Page 965 965
  • Page 966 966
  • Page 967 967
  • Page 968 968
  • Page 969 969
  • Page 970 970
  • Page 971 971
  • Page 972 972
  • Page 973 973
  • Page 974 974
  • Page 975 975
  • Page 976 976
  • Page 977 977
  • Page 978 978
  • Page 979 979
  • Page 980 980
  • Page 981 981
  • Page 982 982
  • Page 983 983
  • Page 984 984
  • Page 985 985
  • Page 986 986
  • Page 987 987
  • Page 988 988
  • Page 989 989
  • Page 990 990
  • Page 991 991
  • Page 992 992
  • Page 993 993
  • Page 994 994
  • Page 995 995
  • Page 996 996
  • Page 997 997
  • Page 998 998
  • Page 999 999
  • Page 1000 1000
  • Page 1001 1001
  • Page 1002 1002
  • Page 1003 1003
  • Page 1004 1004
  • Page 1005 1005
  • Page 1006 1006
  • Page 1007 1007
  • Page 1008 1008
  • Page 1009 1009
  • Page 1010 1010
  • Page 1011 1011
  • Page 1012 1012
  • Page 1013 1013
  • Page 1014 1014
  • Page 1015 1015
  • Page 1016 1016
  • Page 1017 1017
  • Page 1018 1018
  • Page 1019 1019
  • Page 1020 1020
  • Page 1021 1021
  • Page 1022 1022
  • Page 1023 1023
  • Page 1024 1024
  • Page 1025 1025
  • Page 1026 1026
  • Page 1027 1027
  • Page 1028 1028
  • Page 1029 1029
  • Page 1030 1030
  • Page 1031 1031
  • Page 1032 1032
  • Page 1033 1033
  • Page 1034 1034
  • Page 1035 1035
  • Page 1036 1036
  • Page 1037 1037
  • Page 1038 1038
  • Page 1039 1039
  • Page 1040 1040
  • Page 1041 1041
  • Page 1042 1042
  • Page 1043 1043
  • Page 1044 1044
  • Page 1045 1045
  • Page 1046 1046
  • Page 1047 1047
  • Page 1048 1048
  • Page 1049 1049
  • Page 1050 1050
  • Page 1051 1051
  • Page 1052 1052
  • Page 1053 1053
  • Page 1054 1054
  • Page 1055 1055
  • Page 1056 1056
  • Page 1057 1057
  • Page 1058 1058
  • Page 1059 1059
  • Page 1060 1060
  • Page 1061 1061
  • Page 1062 1062
  • Page 1063 1063
  • Page 1064 1064
  • Page 1065 1065
  • Page 1066 1066
  • Page 1067 1067
  • Page 1068 1068
  • Page 1069 1069
  • Page 1070 1070
  • Page 1071 1071
  • Page 1072 1072
  • Page 1073 1073
  • Page 1074 1074
  • Page 1075 1075
  • Page 1076 1076
  • Page 1077 1077
  • Page 1078 1078
  • Page 1079 1079
  • Page 1080 1080
  • Page 1081 1081
  • Page 1082 1082
  • Page 1083 1083
  • Page 1084 1084
  • Page 1085 1085
  • Page 1086 1086
  • Page 1087 1087
  • Page 1088 1088
  • Page 1089 1089
  • Page 1090 1090
  • Page 1091 1091
  • Page 1092 1092
  • Page 1093 1093
  • Page 1094 1094
  • Page 1095 1095
  • Page 1096 1096
  • Page 1097 1097
  • Page 1098 1098
  • Page 1099 1099
  • Page 1100 1100
  • Page 1101 1101
  • Page 1102 1102
  • Page 1103 1103
  • Page 1104 1104
  • Page 1105 1105
  • Page 1106 1106
  • Page 1107 1107
  • Page 1108 1108
  • Page 1109 1109
  • Page 1110 1110
  • Page 1111 1111
  • Page 1112 1112
  • Page 1113 1113
  • Page 1114 1114
  • Page 1115 1115
  • Page 1116 1116
  • Page 1117 1117
  • Page 1118 1118
  • Page 1119 1119
  • Page 1120 1120
  • Page 1121 1121
  • Page 1122 1122
  • Page 1123 1123
  • Page 1124 1124
  • Page 1125 1125
  • Page 1126 1126
  • Page 1127 1127
  • Page 1128 1128
  • Page 1129 1129
  • Page 1130 1130
  • Page 1131 1131
  • Page 1132 1132
  • Page 1133 1133
  • Page 1134 1134
  • Page 1135 1135
  • Page 1136 1136
  • Page 1137 1137
  • Page 1138 1138
  • Page 1139 1139
  • Page 1140 1140
  • Page 1141 1141
  • Page 1142 1142
  • Page 1143 1143
  • Page 1144 1144
  • Page 1145 1145
  • Page 1146 1146
  • Page 1147 1147
  • Page 1148 1148
  • Page 1149 1149
  • Page 1150 1150
  • Page 1151 1151
  • Page 1152 1152
  • Page 1153 1153
  • Page 1154 1154
  • Page 1155 1155
  • Page 1156 1156
  • Page 1157 1157
  • Page 1158 1158
  • Page 1159 1159
  • Page 1160 1160
  • Page 1161 1161
  • Page 1162 1162
  • Page 1163 1163
  • Page 1164 1164
  • Page 1165 1165
  • Page 1166 1166
  • Page 1167 1167
  • Page 1168 1168
  • Page 1169 1169
  • Page 1170 1170
  • Page 1171 1171
  • Page 1172 1172
  • Page 1173 1173
  • Page 1174 1174
  • Page 1175 1175
  • Page 1176 1176
  • Page 1177 1177
  • Page 1178 1178
  • Page 1179 1179
  • Page 1180 1180
  • Page 1181 1181
  • Page 1182 1182
  • Page 1183 1183
  • Page 1184 1184
  • Page 1185 1185
  • Page 1186 1186
  • Page 1187 1187
  • Page 1188 1188
  • Page 1189 1189
  • Page 1190 1190
  • Page 1191 1191
  • Page 1192 1192
  • Page 1193 1193
  • Page 1194 1194
  • Page 1195 1195
  • Page 1196 1196
  • Page 1197 1197
  • Page 1198 1198
  • Page 1199 1199
  • Page 1200 1200
  • Page 1201 1201
  • Page 1202 1202
  • Page 1203 1203
  • Page 1204 1204
  • Page 1205 1205
  • Page 1206 1206

Ask a question and I''ll find the answer in the document

Finding information in a document is now easier with AI