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Hitachi Command Suite
Dynamic Link Manager Software
User Guide (for VMware(R))
MK-92DLM130-00
Document Organization
Product Version
Getting Help
Contents
© 2011 Hitachi, Ltd., Hitachi Data Systems Corporation. All rights reserved.
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Hitachi Dynamic Link Manager User Guide (for VMware(R))
Contents
Preface..................................................................................................ix
Intended audience.....................................................................................................x
Product version..........................................................................................................x
Release notes............................................................................................................x
Document revision level
..............................................................................................x
Document organization...............................................................................................x
Referenced documents..............................................................................................xi
Document conventions..............................................................................................xi
Convention for storage capacity values......................................................................xiii
Getting help............................................................................................................xiii
Comments..............................................................................................................xiv
1 Overview of HDLM................................................................................1-1
What is HDLM?.......................................................................................................1-2
HDLM Features.......................................................................................................1-3
2 HDLM Functions...................................................................................2-1
Devices Managed by HDLM......................................................................................2-2
System Configuration..............................................................................................2-2
LU Configuration.....................................................................................................2-3
Program Configuration............................................................................................2-4
HDLM driver and NMP positions...............................................................................2-5
Distributing a Load Using Load Balancing..................................................................2-6
Paths to Which Load Balancing Is Applied...........................................................2-8
When Using the Hitachi AMS/WMS Series..................................................2-8
When Using the Universal Storage Platform V/VM, Virtual Storage Platform,
Hitachi AMS2000 Series, or Hitachi SMS....................................................2-9
Load Balancing Algorithms................................................................................2-9
Performing Failovers and Failbacks Using Path Switching.........................................2-11
Automatic Path Switching................................................................................2-11
Automatic Failovers...............................................................................2-11
Automatic Failbacks...............................................................................2-13
Manual Path Switching....................................................................................2-13
Path Status Transition.....................................................................................2-14
The Online Path Statuses.......................................................................2-14
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The Offline Path Statuses.......................................................................2-14
Correspondence between VMware vSphere and HDLM path statuses.........
2-15
Status Transitions of a Path....................................................................2-15
Monitoring Intermittent Errors................................................................................2-16
Checking Intermittent Errors............................................................................2-16
Setting Up Intermittent Error Monitoring...........................................................2-16
Intermittent Error Monitoring Actions...............................................................2-17
When an Intermittent Error Occurs.........................................................2-17
When an Intermittent Error Does Not Occur............................................2-18
When the Conditions for an Intermittent Error Are Changed During Error
Monitoring............................................................................................2-18
When a User Changes the Intermittent Error Information..................................2-19
Detecting Errors by Using Path Health Checking......................................................2-21
Error Management................................................................................................2-21
Types of Collected Logs...................................................................................2-22
Collecting Error Information Using the Utility for Collecting HDLM Error Information
(DLMgetras)...................................................................................................2-23
Collecting Audit Log Data.......................................................................................2-23
Categories and Audit Events that HDLM Can Output to the Audit Log.................2-25
Requirements for Outputting Audit Log Data.....................................................2-26
Destination and Filtering of Audit Log Data.......................................................2-27
Audit Log Data Formats...................................................................................2-27
3 Creating an HDLM Environment.............................................................3-1
HDLM System Requirements....................................................................................3-2
Hosts and OSs Supported by HDLM...................................................................3-2
Host OS support......................................................................................3-2
Remote management client OS support....................................................3-2
Storage Systems Supported by HDLM................................................................3-2
Memory and Disk Capacity Requirements...........................................................3-3
Memory Requirements.............................................................................3-3
Disk Requirements..................................................................................3-3
Number of Paths Supported in HDLM.................................................................3-3
Flow for Creating an HDLM Environment..................................................................3-4
HDLM Installation Types..........................................................................................3-4
Notes on Creating an HDLM Environment.................................................................3-4
Installing HDLM......................................................................................................3-5
Performing a New Installation of HDLM.............................................................. 3-5
New installation on remote management client..........................................3-6
Unattended installation on remote management client............................... 3-7
New installation on host...........................................................................3-7
Performing a Re-installation of HDLM.................................................................3-8
Checking the Path Configuration..............................................................................3-8
Setting Up HDLM....................................................................................................3-9
Checking the Current Settings...........................................................................3-9
Setting Up the HDLM Functions........................................................................3-10
Setting Up Load Balancing.....................................................................3-10
Setting Up Intermittent Error Monitoring.................................................3-11
Setting Up Audit Log Data Collection.......................................................3-11
Checking the Updated Settings........................................................................3-12
Setting Up Integrated Traces.................................................................................3-13
Uninstalling HDLM.................................................................................................3-15
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Preparations for HDLM Uninstallation...............................................................3-15
Uninstalling HDLM
...........................................................................................3-16
Uninstalling HDLM from a host...............................................................3-16
Uninstalling HDLM from a remote management client..............................3-17
Performing an unattended uninstallation of HDLM on a remote management
client....................................................................................................3-17
4 HDLM Operation...................................................................................4-1
HDLM Operations Using Commands.........................................................................4-2
Notes on Using Commands................................................................................4-2
Viewing Path Information..................................................................................4-2
Changing the Status of Paths.............................................................................4-3
Changing the Status of Paths to Online.....................................................4-3
Changing the Status of Paths to Offline(C)................................................4-3
Viewing LU Information.....................................................................................4-4
Initializing Statistical Information for Paths.........................................................4-5
Viewing and Setting Up the Operating Environment............................................4-5
Viewing the Operating Environment..........................................................4-5
Setting Up the Operating Environment......................................................4-6
Viewing License Information..............................................................................4-6
Updating the License........................................................................................4-7
Viewing HDLM Version Information....................................................................4-7
5 Troubleshooting....................................................................................5-1
Information Collected by the DLMgetras Utility for Collecting HDLM Error Information. 5-2
Checking Error Information in Messages...................................................................5-2
What To Do for a Path Error....................................................................................5-2
Examining the Messages...................................................................................5-4
Obtain Path Information....................................................................................5-4
Identifying the Error Path..................................................................................5-4
Narrowing Down the Hardware That Might Have Caused the Error.......................5-4
Identifying the Error Location and Correcting any Hardware Error........................5-4
Placing the Path Online.....................................................................................5-4
What To Do for a Program Error..............................................................................5-5
Examining the Messages...................................................................................5-5
Obtaining Program Information.........................................................................5-5
What To Do for the Program Error.....................................................................5-6
Contacting your HDLM Vendor or Maintenance Company.....................................5-6
What To Do for Other Errors....................................................................................5-6
6 Command Reference.............................................................................6-1
Overview of the HDLM Command dlnkmgr................................................................6-2
clear (Returns the Path Statistics to the Initial Value)................................................6-3
Format.............................................................................................................6-3
To set the path statistics to 0...................................................................6-3
To display the format of the clear operation..............................................6-3
Parameters......................................................................................................6-4
To Set the Path Statistics to 0..................................................................6-4
To Display the Format of the clear Operation............................................6-4
help (Displays the Operation Format).......................................................................6-5
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Hitachi Dynamic Link Manager User Guide (for VMware(R))
Format.............................................................................................................6-5
Parameter........................................................................................................6-5
offline (Places Paths Offline)
.................................................................................... 6-7
Format.............................................................................................................6-8
To place paths offline..............................................................................6-8
To Display the Format of the offline Operation..........................................6-8
Parameters......................................................................................................6-8
To place paths Offline..............................................................................6-8
To Display the Format of the Offline Operation........................................6-10
online (Places Paths Online)...................................................................................6-11
Format...........................................................................................................6-11
To place paths Online............................................................................6-11
To Display the Format of the Online Operation........................................6-11
Parameters.....................................................................................................6-12
To place paths Online............................................................................6-12
To Display the Format of the Online Operation........................................6-14
set (Sets Up the Operating Environment)................................................................6-15
Format...........................................................................................................6-15
To Set the Host Operating Environment..................................................6-15
To Set the Remote Management Client Operating Environment................6-15
To Display the Format of the Set Operation.............................................6-15
Parameters.....................................................................................................6-16
To Set the Host Operating Environment..................................................6-16
To Set the Remote Management Client Operating Environment................6-18
To Display the Format of the Set Operation.............................................6-20
view (Displays Information)...................................................................................6-22
Format...........................................................................................................6-22
To Display Program Information for a Host..............................................6-22
To Display Program Information for a Remote Management Client............6-22
To Display Path Information...................................................................6-23
To Display LU Information......................................................................6-23
To Display the Format of the view Operation...........................................6-24
Parameters (To display program information)...................................................6-24
To Display Program Information for Hosts...............................................6-24
To Display Program Information for a Remote Management Client............6-27
To display path information....................................................................6-29
To display LU information......................................................................6-39
To display the format of the view operation.............................................6-46
7 Utility Reference...................................................................................7-1
The DLMgetras Utility for Collecting HDLM Error Information......................................7-2
Format.............................................................................................................7-2
Parameters......................................................................................................7-2
List of Collected Error Information.....................................................................7-3
8 Messages............................................................................................. 8-1
Before Viewing the List of Messages.........................................................................8-2
Format and Meaning of Message IDs.................................................................8-2
Terms Used in Messages and Message Explanations............................................8-2
KAPL01001 to KAPL02000.......................................................................................8-3
KAPL09001 to KAPL10000......................................................................................8-23
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Hitachi Dynamic Link Manager User Guide (for VMware(R))
KAPL10001 to KAPL11000......................................................................................8-24
KAPL13001 to KAPL14000......................................................................................8-
29
KAPL15001 to KAPL16000......................................................................................8-30
KAPL20001 to KAPL21000......................................................................................8-31
KAPL21001 to KAPL22000......................................................................................8-35
Acronyms and abbreviations
Glossary
Index
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Preface
This document describes how to use the Hitachi Dynamic Link Manager.
□
Intended audience
□
Product version
□
Release notes
□
Document revision level
□
Document organization
□
Referenced documents
□
Document conventions
□
Convention for storage capacity values
□
Getting help
□
Comments
Preface
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Hitachi Dynamic Link Manager User Guide (for VMware(R))
Intended audience
This manual is intended for system administrators who use Hitachi Dynamic
Link Manager (HDLM) to operate and manage storage systems. The readers
of this manual must have a basic knowledge of the following areas:
•
VMware vSphere and its management functionality
• Storage system management functionality
Product version
This document revision applies to HDLM for VMware version 7.2 or later.
Release notes
Release notes contain requirements and more recent product information that
may not be fully described in this manual. Be sure to review the release notes
before installation.
Document revision level
Revision Date Description
MK-92DLM130-00 November 2011 Initial Release
Document organization
The following table provides an overview of the contents and organization of
this document. Click the chapter title in the left column to go to that chapter.
The first page of each chapter provides links to the sections in that chapter.
Chapter Description
1 Overview of HDLM on page 1-1 Gives an overview of HDLM, and describes its
features.
2 HDLM Functions on page 2-1 Describes management targets and the system
configuration of HDLM, and the basic terms and
functions for HDLM.
3 Creating an HDLM Environment
on page 3-1
Describes the procedures for building an HDLM
environment (including installing and setting up
HDLM), and describes for canceling the settings.
4 HDLM Operation on page 4-1 Explains how to operate HDLM using the HDLM
command.
5 Troubleshooting on page 5-1 Explains how to troubleshoot a path error, HDLM
failure, or any other problems that you might
encounter.
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Hitachi Dynamic Link Manager User Guide (for VMware(R))
Chapter Description
6 Command Reference on page
6-1
Describes all the HDLM commands.
7 Utility Reference on page 7-1 Describes the HDLM utilities.
8 Messages on page 8-1 Provides information for all the possible messages
that could be output by HDLM. It also lists and
explains the HDLM messages and shows the actions
to be taken in response to each message.
Referenced documents
The following Hitachi referenced documents can be found on the applicable
Hitachi documentation CD:
• Hitachi Adaptable Modular Storage Series User's Guide
• Hitachi Simple Modular Storage Series User's Guide
• Hitachi Workgroup Modular Storage Series User's Guide
• Universal Storage Platform V Series User's Guide
• Universal Storage Platform VM Series User's Guide
• Virtual Storage Platform Series User's Guide
Document conventions
Font and symbol conventions are classified as:
•
General font conventions
• Conventions in syntax explanations
These conventions are described below.
General Font Conventions
The following table lists the general font conventions:
Font Convention
Bold Bold type indicates text on a window, other than the window title. Such
text includes menus, menu options, buttons, radio box options, or
explanatory labels. For example, bold is used in sentences such as the
following:
• From the File menu, choose Open.
• Click the Cancel button.
• In the Enter name entry box, type your name.
Italics Italics are used to indicate a placeholder for some actual text provided by
the user or system. Italics are also used for emphasis. For example:
• Write the command as follows:
Preface
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Hitachi Dynamic Link Manager User Guide (for VMware(R))
Font Convention
copy source-file target-file
•
Do not delete the configuration file.
Code font
A code font indicates text that the user enters without change, or text
(such as messages) output by the system. For example:
•
At the prompt, enter dir.
• Use the send command to send mail.
• The following message is displayed:
The password is incorrect.
Code examples and messages appear as follows (though there may be some
exceptions, such as when the code is part of a diagram):
MakeDatabase
...
StoreDatabase temp DB32
In examples of coding, an ellipsis (...) indicates that one or more lines of
coding are not shown for purposes of brevity.
Conventions in Syntax Explanations
Syntax
definitions appear as follows:
StoreDatabase [temp|
perm] (database-name
...)
The following table lists the conventions used in syntax explanations:
Example font or
symbol
Convention
StoreDatabase
Code-font characters must be entered exactly as shown.
database-name This font style marks a placeholder that indicates where
appropriate characters are to be entered in an actual
command.
SD
Bold code-font characters indicate the abbreviation for a
command.
perm
Underlined characters indicate the default value.
[ ]
Square brackets enclose an item or set of items whose
specification is optional. An item that is underlined is specified
when all items are omitted.
{ }
One of the options enclosed in { } must be specified.
| Only one of the options separated by a vertical bar can be
specified at the same time.
...
An ellipsis (...) indicates that the item or items enclosed in ( )
or [ ] immediately preceding the ellipsis may be specified as
many times as necessary.
()
Parentheses indicate the range of items to which the vertical
bar (|) or ellipsis (...) is applicable.
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Example font or
symbol
Convention
>
A prompt in a window where a command can be entered.
Convention for storage capacity values
Physical storage capacity values (e.g., drive capacity) are calculated based on
the following values:
Physical capacity unit Value
1 kilobyte (KB)
1,000 (10
3
) bytes
1 megabyte (MB)
1,000 KB or 1,000
2
bytes
1 gigabyte (GB)
1,000 MB or 1,000
3
bytes
1 terabyte (TB)
1,000 GB or 1,000
4
bytes
1 petabyte (PB)
1,000 TB or 1,000
5
bytes
1 exabyte (EB)
1,000 PB or 1,000
6
bytes
Logical storage capacity values (e.g., logical device capacity) are calculated
based on the following values:
Logical capacity unit Value
1 block 512 bytes
1 KB
1,024 (2
10
) bytes
1 MB
1,024 KB or 1,024
2
bytes
1 GB
1,024 MB or 1,024
3
bytes
1 TB
1,024 GB or 1,024
4
bytes
1 PB
1,024 TB or 1,024
5
bytes
1 EB
1,024 PB or 1,024
6
bytes
Getting help
The Hitachi Data Systems customer support staff is available 24 hours a day,
seven days a week. If you need technical support, log on to the Hitachi Data
Systems Portal for contact information: https://hdssupport.hds.com
Preface
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Hitachi Dynamic Link Manager User Guide (for VMware(R))
Comments
Please send us your comments on this document:
Include the document title, number, and revision, and refer to specific
sections and paragraphs whenever possible. All comments become the
property of Hitachi Data Systems Corporation.
Thank you!
xiv
Preface
Hitachi Dynamic Link Manager User Guide (for VMware(R))
1
Overview of HDLM
HDLM
is a software package that manages paths between a host and a
storage system. HDLM is designed to distribute loads across multiple paths
and will switch a given load to another path if there is a failure in the path
that is currently being used, thus improving system reliability.
This chapter gives an overview of HDLM and describes its features.
□
What is HDLM?
□
HDLM Features
Overview of HDLM
1-1
Hitachi Dynamic Link Manager User Guide (for VMware(R))
What is HDLM?
With the widespread use of data warehousing and increasing use of
multimedia data, the need for high-speed processing of large volumes of data
on networks has rapidly grown. To satisfy this need, networks dedicated to
the transfer of data, such as SANs, are now being used to provide access to
storage systems.
HDLM manages the access paths to these storage systems. HDLM provides
the ability to distribute loads across multiple paths and switch to another path
if there is a failure in the path that is currently being used, thus improving
system availability and reliability.
Figure 1-1 Connections Between Hosts and Storage systems on page 1-2
illustrates the connections between various hosts and storage systems.
An ESXi server that connects to a storage system via a SAN is called a host. A
machine that connects to a host via a LAN and uses commands and utilities
to control it is called a remote management client
.
Figure 1-1 Connections Between Hosts and Storage systems
HDLM supports the following storage systems.
•
Hitachi AMS2000/AMS/WMS/SMS series
• Universal Storage Platform V/VM
• Virtual Storage Platform
1-2
Overview of HDLM
Hitachi Dynamic Link Manager User Guide (for VMware(R))
HDLM Features
HDLM features include the following:
The ability to distribute a load across multiple paths. This is also known as
load balancing.
When a host is connected to a storage system via multiple paths, HDLM
can distribute the load across all the paths. This prevents one, loaded
down path from affecting the processing speed of the entire system.
For details on load balancing, see Distributing a Load Using Load
Balancing on page 2-6.
The ability to continue running operations between a host and storage
system, even if there is a failure. This is also known as performing a failover.
When a host is connected to a storage system via multiple paths, HDLM
can automatically switch to another path if there is some sort of failure in
the path that is currently being used. This allows operations to continue
between a host and a storage system.
For details on performing failovers, see Performing Failovers and Failbacks
Using Path Switching on page 2-11.
The ability to bring a path that has recovered from an error back online. This
is also known as performing a failback.
If a path is recovered from an error, HDLM can bring that path back
online. This enables the maximum possible number of paths to always be
available and online, which in turn enables HDLM to better distribute the
load across multiple paths.
Failbacks can be performed manually or automatically. In an automatic
failback, HDLM automatically brings a path back online on the host side
when the user has fixed the physical fault in the path.
For details on performing failbacks, see Performing Failovers and
Failbacks Using Path Switching on page 2-11.
The ability to automatically check the status of any given path at regular
intervals. This is also known as path health checking.
#
Detects path errors by checking the path status at regular intervals. This
allows you to check for any existing path errors and to resolve them
promptly and efficiently.
For details on setting up and performing path health checking, see
Detecting Errors by Using Path Health Checking on page 2-21.
#
This is implemented by functionality provided by VMware vSphere ESXi.
Overview of HDLM
1-3
Hitachi Dynamic Link Manager User Guide (for VMware(R))
1-4
Overview of HDLM
Hitachi Dynamic Link Manager User Guide (for VMware(R))
2
HDLM Functions
This chapter describes the various functions that are built into HDLM. Before
the function specifications are explained though, this chapter will go into
detail about the HDLM management targets, system configuration, and basic
terms that are necessary to know to effectively operate HDLM. After that, the
rest of the chapter focuses on describing all the HDLM functions, including the
main ones: load distribution across paths and path switching.
□
Devices Managed by HDLM
□
System Configuration
□
LU Configuration
□
Program Configuration
□
HDLM driver and NMP positions
□
Distributing a Load Using Load Balancing
□
Performing Failovers and Failbacks Using Path Switching
□
Monitoring Intermittent Errors
□
Detecting Errors by Using Path Health Checking
□
Error Management
□
Collecting Audit Log Data
HDLM Functions
2-1
Hitachi Dynamic Link Manager User Guide (for VMware(R))
Devices Managed by HDLM
Below is a list of devices that can or cannot be managed by HDLM. The
devices that can be managed by HDLM are called HDLM management-target
devices.
HDLM management-target devices:
The following devices are from the storage systems listed in Section What
is HDLM? on page 1-2:
¢
SCSI devices
¢
Hitachi storage system command devices, such as Hitachi RAID
Manager command device
s
Non-HDLM management-target devices:
¢
SCSI devices other than those that are in the storage systems listed
in Section
What is HDLM? on page 1-2
¢
Built-in disks on a host
¢
Non-disk devices (tape devices, etc.)
System Configuration
HDLM manages routes between a host and a storage system by using the
SCSI driver. The host and storage systems are connected using SAN with
fiber cables. The cable port on the host is called a host bus adapter (HBA).
The cable port on the storage system is called a port (P) on a channel adapter
(CHA).
A logical unit (LU), which lies in a storage system, is either an input target or
an output target to or from a host. The areas within an LU are called Devs. A
route that connects a host to a Dev in an LU is called a path.
HDLM assigns a unique ID to each management-target path. This ID is called
AutoPATH_ID. Sometimes, the path is also just simply called a management
target.
Figure 2-1 HDLM System Configuration on page 2-3 shows the HDLM
system configuration.
2-2
HDLM Functions
Hitachi Dynamic Link Manager User Guide (for VMware(R))
/