Dell Force10 User guide

Dell Networking Configuration Guide for the

MXL 10/40GbE Switch I/O Module

9.6(0.0)

Notes, Cautions, and Warnings

NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your computer.

CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you

how to avoid the problem.

WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.

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2014 - 09

Rev. A00

Contents

1 About this Guide................................................................................................. 32

Audience..............................................................................................................................................32

Conventions........................................................................................................................................ 32

Information Symbols...........................................................................................................................32

Related Documents............................................................................................................................ 33

2 Configuration Fundamentals........................................................................... 34

Accessing the Command Line............................................................................................................34

CLI Modes............................................................................................................................................34

Navigating CLI Modes................................................................................................................... 36

The do Command...............................................................................................................................39

Undoing Commands...........................................................................................................................39

Obtaining Help....................................................................................................................................40

Entering and Editing Commands....................................................................................................... 40

Command History............................................................................................................................... 41

Filtering show Command Outputs.....................................................................................................42

Multiple Users in Configuration Mode............................................................................................... 43

3 Getting Started................................................................................................... 44

Console Access...................................................................................................................................45

Serial Console................................................................................................................................45

External Serial Port with a USB Connector...................................................................................47

Accessing the CLI Interface and Running Scripts Using SSH............................................................ 47

Entering CLI commands Using an SSH Connection....................................................................47

Executing Local CLI Scripts Using an SSH Connection...............................................................47

Boot Process....................................................................................................................................... 48

Default Configuration......................................................................................................................... 50

Configuring a Host Name...................................................................................................................50

Accessing the System Remotely.........................................................................................................51

Accessing the MXL Switch Remotely............................................................................................51

Configure the Management Port IP Address................................................................................51

Configure a Management Route...................................................................................................51

Configuring a Username and Password.......................................................................................52

Configuring the Enable Password...................................................................................................... 52

Configuration File Management.........................................................................................................53

Copy Files to and from the System.............................................................................................. 53

Save the Running-Configuration..................................................................................................54

Viewing Files.................................................................................................................................. 55

Managing the File System...................................................................................................................56

View the Command History................................................................................................................57

Using HTTP for File Transfers............................................................................................................. 58

Upgrading and Downgrading the Dell Networking OS.....................................................................58

Using Hashes to Validate Software Images........................................................................................58

4 Management....................................................................................................... 60

Configuring Privilege Levels............................................................................................................... 60

Creating a Custom Privilege Level............................................................................................... 60

Customizing a Privilege Level....................................................................................................... 61

Applying a Privilege Level to a Username.................................................................................... 62

Applying a Privilege Level to a Terminal Line...............................................................................63

Configuring Logging...........................................................................................................................63

Audit and Security Logs.................................................................................................................63

Configuring Logging Format ...................................................................................................... 65

Setting Up a Secure Connection to a Syslog Server....................................................................66

Display the Logging Buffer and the Logging Configuration..............................................................67

Log Messages in the Internal Buffer...................................................................................................68

Configuration Task List for System Log Management................................................................ 68

Disabling System Logging.................................................................................................................. 68

Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server................................................................................... 68

Configuring a UNIX System as a Syslog Server............................................................................68

Changing System Logging Settings................................................................................................... 69

Display the Logging Buffer and the Logging Configuration............................................................. 70

Configuring a UNIX Logging Facility Level.........................................................................................70

Synchronizing Log Messages..............................................................................................................72

Enabling Timestamp on Syslog Messages..........................................................................................72

File Transfer Services...........................................................................................................................73

Configuration Task List for File Transfer Services........................................................................ 73

Enabling the FTP Server.................................................................................................................73

Configuring FTP Server Parameters..............................................................................................73

Configuring FTP Client Parameters.............................................................................................. 74

Terminal Lines..................................................................................................................................... 74

Denying and Permitting Access to a Terminal Line..................................................................... 74

Configuring Login Authentication for Terminal Lines..................................................................75

Setting Time Out of EXEC Privilege Mode......................................................................................... 76

Using Telnet to get to Another Network Device................................................................................77

Lock CONFIGURATION Mode............................................................................................................ 77

Viewing the Configuration Lock Status........................................................................................78

Recovering from a Forgotten Password............................................................................................ 78

Recovering from a Forgotten Enable Password................................................................................ 79

Recovering from a Failed Start........................................................................................................... 80

5 802.1X................................................................................................................... 81

The Port-Authentication Process.......................................................................................................83

EAP over RADIUS...........................................................................................................................85

Configuring 802.1X............................................................................................................................. 85

Related Configuration Tasks.........................................................................................................85

Important Points to Remember......................................................................................................... 86

Enabling 802.1X...................................................................................................................................86

Configuring Request Identity Re-Transmissions......................................................................... 88

Configuring a Quiet Period after a Failed Authentication........................................................... 88

Forcibly Authorizing or Unauthorizing a Port....................................................................................89

Re-Authenticating a Port....................................................................................................................90

Configuring Timeouts......................................................................................................................... 91

Configuring Dynamic VLAN Assignment with Port Authentication..................................................92

Guest and Authentication-Fail VLANs.......................................................................................... 93

Configuring a Guest VLAN............................................................................................................94

Configuring an Authentication-Fail VLAN....................................................................................94

6 Access Control List (ACL) VLAN Groups and Content Addressable

Memory (CAM)........................................................................................................96

Optimizing CAM Utilization During the Attachment of ACLs to VLANs...........................................96

Guidelines for Configuring ACL VLAN groups................................................................................... 97

Configuring ACL VLAN Groups and Configuring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters..........................98

Configuring ACL VLAN Groups.................................................................................................... 98

Configuring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters............................................................................... 99

Viewing CAM Usage..........................................................................................................................100

Allocating FP Blocks for VLAN Processes.........................................................................................101

7 Access Control Lists (ACLs).............................................................................103

IP Access Control Lists (ACLs).......................................................................................................... 103

Implementing ACL on the Dell Networking OS.............................................................................. 104

ACLs and VLANs................................................................................................................................104

ACL Optimization..............................................................................................................................104

Determine the Order in which ACLs are Used to Classify Traffic...................................................104

Example of the order Keyword to Determine ACL Sequence...................................................105

IP Fragment Handling....................................................................................................................... 105

IP Fragments ACL Examples............................................................................................................. 105

Layer 4 ACL Rules Examples.............................................................................................................106

Configure a Standard IP ACL............................................................................................................ 107

Configuring a Standard IP ACL Filter................................................................................................108

Configure an Extended IP ACL.........................................................................................................109

Configuring Filters with a Sequence Number..................................................................................109

Configuring Filters Without a Sequence Number............................................................................110

Established Flag................................................................................................................................. 110

Configure Layer 2 and Layer 3 ACLs................................................................................................. 111

Assign an IP ACL to an Interface....................................................................................................... 111

Applying an IP ACL.............................................................................................................................112

Counting ACL Hits............................................................................................................................. 112

Configure Ingress ACLs..................................................................................................................... 113

Configure Egress ACLs...................................................................................................................... 113

Applying Egress Layer 3 ACLs (Control-Plane).................................................................................114

IP Prefix Lists...................................................................................................................................... 115

Implementation Information.......................................................................................................115

Configuration Task List for Prefix Lists..............................................................................................115

Creating a Prefix List..........................................................................................................................116

Creating a Prefix List Without a Sequence Number.........................................................................117

Viewing Prefix Lists............................................................................................................................ 117

Applying a Prefix List for Route Redistribution.................................................................................118

Applying a Filter to a Prefix List (OSPF)............................................................................................. 119

ACL Resequencing............................................................................................................................ 119

Resequencing an ACL or Prefix List..................................................................................................120

Route Maps........................................................................................................................................ 121

Implementation Information.......................................................................................................122

Important Points to Remember........................................................................................................122

Configuration Task List for Route Maps........................................................................................... 122

Creating a Route Map....................................................................................................................... 122

Configure Route Map Filters.............................................................................................................124

Configuring Match Routes................................................................................................................125

Configuring Set Conditions.............................................................................................................. 126

Configure a Route Map for Route Redistribution............................................................................ 126

Configure a Route Map for Route Tagging...................................................................................... 127

Continue Clause................................................................................................................................127

Logging of ACL Processes................................................................................................................ 128

Guidelines for Configuring ACL Logging......................................................................................... 129

Configuring ACL Logging................................................................................................................. 130

Flow-Based Monitoring Support for ACLs.......................................................................................130

Behavior of Flow-Based Monitoring........................................................................................... 131

Enabling Flow-Based Monitoring..................................................................................................... 132

8 Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD).................................................. 134

How BFD Works................................................................................................................................ 134

BFD Packet Format......................................................................................................................135

BFD Sessions................................................................................................................................137

BFD Three-Way Handshake........................................................................................................ 137

Session State Changes................................................................................................................ 138

Important Points to Remember........................................................................................................139

Configure BFD...................................................................................................................................139

Configure BFD for Physical Ports............................................................................................... 140

Enabling BFD Globally.................................................................................................................140

Establishing a Session on Physical Ports.....................................................................................141

Changing Physical Port Session Parameters..............................................................................142

Disabling and Re-Enabling BFD..................................................................................................143

Configure BFD for Static Routes.......................................................................................................143

Related Configuration Tasks.......................................................................................................144

Establishing Sessions for Static Routes...................................................................................... 144

Changing Static Route Session Parameters............................................................................... 145

Disabling BFD for Static Routes.................................................................................................. 145

Configure BFD for OSPF................................................................................................................... 145

Related Configuration Tasks.......................................................................................................145

Establishing Sessions with OSPF Neighbors.............................................................................. 146

Changing OSPF Session Parameters.......................................................................................... 147

Disabling BFD for OSPF...............................................................................................................147

Configure BFD for OSPFv3............................................................................................................... 148

Related Configuration Tasks.......................................................................................................148

Establishing Sessions with OSPFv3 Neighbors...........................................................................148

Changing OSPFv3 Session Parameters...................................................................................... 148

Disabling BFD for OSPFv3...........................................................................................................149

Configure BFD for BGP.....................................................................................................................149

Prerequisites................................................................................................................................ 149

Establishing Sessions with BGP Neighbors................................................................................ 150

Disabling BFD for BGP.................................................................................................................152

Use BFD in a BGP Peer Group.................................................................................................... 152

Displaying BFD for BGP Information.......................................................................................... 152

Configure BFD for VRRP................................................................................................................... 156

Related Configuration Tasks....................................................................................................... 157

Establishing Sessions with All VRRP Neighbors..........................................................................157

Establishing VRRP Sessions on VRRP Neighbors....................................................................... 158

Changing VRRP Session Parameters.......................................................................................... 159

Disabling BFD for VRRP...............................................................................................................159

Configure BFD for VLANs................................................................................................................. 159

Related Configuration Task........................................................................................................ 160

Establish Sessions with VLAN Neighbors................................................................................... 160

Changing VLAN Session Parameters...........................................................................................161

Disabling BFD for VLANs............................................................................................................. 161

Configure BFD for Port-Channels.................................................................................................... 161

Related Configuration Tasks.......................................................................................................162

Establish Sessions on Port-Channels......................................................................................... 162

Changing Physical Port Session Parameters..............................................................................163

Disabling BFD for Port-Channels................................................................................................163

Configuring Protocol Liveness......................................................................................................... 163

Troubleshooting BFD........................................................................................................................163

9 Border Gateway Protocol IPv4 (BGPv4).......................................................165

Autonomous Systems (AS)................................................................................................................165

Sessions and Peers............................................................................................................................ 167

Establish a Session.......................................................................................................................168

Route Reflectors................................................................................................................................169

Communities...............................................................................................................................169

BGP Attributes................................................................................................................................... 170

Best Path Selection Criteria.........................................................................................................170

Weight.......................................................................................................................................... 172

Local Preference..........................................................................................................................172

Multi-Exit Discriminators (MEDs)................................................................................................ 173

Origin........................................................................................................................................... 174

AS Path......................................................................................................................................... 175

Next Hop......................................................................................................................................175

Multiprotocol BGP.............................................................................................................................175

Implement BGP with the Dell Networking OS.................................................................................176

Additional Path (Add-Path) Support............................................................................................176

Advertise IGP Cost as MED for Redistributed Routes................................................................ 176

Ignore Router-ID for Some Best-Path Calculations.................................................................. 177

Four-Byte AS Numbers................................................................................................................177

AS4 Number Representation.......................................................................................................178

AS Number Migration.................................................................................................................. 179

BGP4 Management Information Base (MIB)...............................................................................181

Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................. 181

Configuration Information................................................................................................................182

BGP Configuration............................................................................................................................ 182

Enabling BGP...............................................................................................................................183

Enabling MBGP Configurations...................................................................................................217

BGP Regular Expression Optimization............................................................................................. 218

Debugging BGP.................................................................................................................................218

Storing Last and Bad PDUs......................................................................................................... 219

PDU Counters..............................................................................................................................219

Sample Configurations.....................................................................................................................220

10 Content Addressable Memory (CAM).........................................................229

CAM Allocation................................................................................................................................. 229

Test CAM Usage................................................................................................................................230

View CAM-ACL Settings....................................................................................................................231

CAM Optimization.............................................................................................................................231

11 Control Plane Policing (CoPP)..................................................................... 232

Configure Control Plane Policing.................................................................................................... 233

Configuring CoPP for Protocols................................................................................................ 234

Configuring CoPP for CPU Queues...........................................................................................236

Show Commands........................................................................................................................237

12 Data Center Bridging (DCB)......................................................................... 239

Ethernet Enhancements in Data Center Bridging........................................................................... 239

Priority-Based Flow Control.......................................................................................................240

Enhanced Transmission Selection..............................................................................................241

Data Center Bridging Exchange Protocol (DCBx)..................................................................... 242

Data Center Bridging in a Traffic Flow.......................................................................................243

Enabling Data Center Bridging.........................................................................................................243

QoS dot1p Traffic Classification and Queue Assignment...............................................................244

Configuring Priority-Based Flow Control........................................................................................245

Configuring Lossless Queues..................................................................................................... 247

Configuring the PFC Buffer in a Switch Stack........................................................................... 248

Configure Enhanced Transmission Selection................................................................................. 249

ETS Prerequisites and Restrictions............................................................................................. 249

Creating a QoS ETS Output Policy.............................................................................................250

Creating an ETS Priority Group...................................................................................................251

Applying an ETS Output Policy for a Priority Group to an Interface.........................................252

ETS Operation with DCBx...........................................................................................................254

Configuring Bandwidth Allocation for DCBx CIN..................................................................... 254

Applying DCB Policies in a Switch Stack..........................................................................................255

Applying DCB Policies with an ETS Configuration..........................................................................256

Configure a DCBx Operation........................................................................................................... 256

DCBx Operation.......................................................................................................................... 257

DCBx Port Roles..........................................................................................................................257

DCB Configuration Exchange.................................................................................................... 259

Configuration Source Election...................................................................................................259

Propagation of DCB Information...............................................................................................260

Auto-Detection and Manual Configuration of the DCBx Version............................................260

DCBx Example.............................................................................................................................261

DCBx Prerequisites and Restrictions..........................................................................................262

Configuring DCBx.......................................................................................................................262

Verifying the DCB Configuration..................................................................................................... 266

PFC and ETS Configuration Examples............................................................................................. 276

Using PFC and ETS to Manage Data Center Traffic...................................................................276

Using PFC and ETS to Manage Converged Ethernet Traffic in a Switch Stack........................280

Hierarchical Scheduling in ETS Output Policies........................................................................280

Configuring DCB Maps and its Attributes........................................................................................ 281

DCB Map: Configuration Procedure.......................................................................................... 281

Important Points to Remember................................................................................................. 282

Applying a DCB Map on a Port...................................................................................................282

Configuring PFC without a DCB Map........................................................................................ 283

Configuring Lossless Queues.....................................................................................................283

Priority-Based Flow Control Using Dynamic Buffer Method..........................................................284

Pause and Resume of Traffic......................................................................................................284

Buffer Sizes for Lossless or PFC Packets....................................................................................285

Interworking of DCB Map With DCB Buffer Threshold Settings.................................................... 286

Configuring the Dynamic Buffer Method........................................................................................286

13 Debugging and Diagnostics.........................................................................288

Offline Diagnostics........................................................................................................................... 288

Important Points to Remember................................................................................................. 288

Running Offline Diagnostics.......................................................................................................288

Trace Logs......................................................................................................................................... 291

Auto Save on Crash or Rollover..................................................................................................291

Using the Show Hardware Commands........................................................................................... 292

Enabling Environmental Monitoring................................................................................................ 293

Recognize an Over-Temperature Condition............................................................................ 294

Troubleshoot an Over-Temperature Condition........................................................................295

Recognize an Under-Voltage Condition................................................................................... 296

Troubleshoot an Under-Voltage Condition.............................................................................. 296

Buffer Tuning.....................................................................................................................................297

Deciding to Tune Buffers............................................................................................................298

Using a Pre-Defined Buffer Profile............................................................................................. 301

Sample Buffer Profile Configuration.......................................................................................... 301

Troubleshooting Packet Loss...........................................................................................................302

Displaying Drop Counters.......................................................................................................... 302

Dataplane Statistics.....................................................................................................................303

Display Stack Port Statistics........................................................................................................304

Display Stack Member Counters................................................................................................305

Enabling Application Core Dumps...................................................................................................305

Mini Core Dumps..............................................................................................................................306

Enabling TCP Dumps........................................................................................................................307

14 Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)........................................308

DHCP Packet Format and Options..................................................................................................308

Assign an IP Address using DHCP.............................................................................................. 310

Implementation Information.............................................................................................................311

Configure the System to be a DHCP Server.................................................................................... 312

Configuring the Server for Automatic Address Allocation.........................................................312

Configuration Tasks.....................................................................................................................313

Specifying a Default Gateway..................................................................................................... 314

Enabling the DHCP Server.......................................................................................................... 314

Configure a Method of Hostname Resolution...........................................................................315

Creating Manual Binding Entries.................................................................................................315

Debugging the DHCP Server...................................................................................................... 316

Using DHCP Clear Commands...................................................................................................316

Configure the System to be a Relay Agent...................................................................................... 316

Configure the System to be a DHCP Client.....................................................................................318

Configuring the DHCP Client System........................................................................................ 319

DHCP Client on a Management Interface................................................................................. 322

DHCP Client Operation with Other Features.............................................................................323

Configure Secure DHCP...................................................................................................................324

Option 82.................................................................................................................................... 324

DHCP Snooping.......................................................................................................................... 325

Drop DHCP Packets on Snooped VLANs Only.......................................................................... 327

Dynamic ARP Inspection.............................................................................................................327

Configuring Dynamic ARP Inspection........................................................................................328

Source Address Validation..........................................................................................................329

15 Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP)..................................................................... 332

ECMP for Flow-Based Affinity.......................................................................................................... 332

Enabling Deterministic ECMP Next Hop....................................................................................332

Link Bundle Monitoring.................................................................................................................... 332

Managing ECMP Group Paths.......................................................................................................... 333

16 FCoE Transit.................................................................................................... 334

Fibre Channel over Ethernet............................................................................................................ 334

Ensure Robustness in a Converged Ethernet Network...................................................................334

FIP Snooping on Ethernet Bridges................................................................................................... 336

FIP Snooping in a Switch Stack........................................................................................................ 338

Using FIP Snooping...........................................................................................................................338

Important Points to Remember................................................................................................. 338

Enabling the FCoE Transit Feature.............................................................................................339

Enable FIP Snooping on VLANs..................................................................................................339

Configure the FC-MAP Value..................................................................................................... 339

Configure a Port for a Bridge-to-Bridge Link............................................................................339

Configure a Port for a Bridge-to-FCF Link................................................................................340

Impact on Other Software Features.......................................................................................... 340

FIP Snooping Prerequisites.........................................................................................................340

FIP Snooping Restrictions........................................................................................................... 341

Configuring FIP Snooping...........................................................................................................341

Displaying FIP Snooping Information.............................................................................................. 342

FCoE Transit Configuration Example...............................................................................................347

17 FIPS Cryptography......................................................................................... 350

Preparing the System........................................................................................................................350

Enabling FIPS Mode.......................................................................................................................... 350

Generating Host-Keys.......................................................................................................................351

Monitoring FIPS Mode Status............................................................................................................351

Disabling FIPS Mode......................................................................................................................... 352

18 Force10 Resilient Ring Protocol (FRRP)..................................................... 353

Protocol Overview............................................................................................................................ 353

Ring Status...................................................................................................................................354

Multiple FRRP Rings.................................................................................................................... 355

Important FRRP Points................................................................................................................356

Important FRRP Concepts.......................................................................................................... 357

Implementing FRRP.......................................................................................................................... 358

FRRP Configuration.......................................................................................................................... 358

Creating the FRRP Group........................................................................................................... 359

Configuring the Control VLAN................................................................................................... 359

Configuring and Adding the Member VLANs............................................................................ 360

Setting the FRRP Timers............................................................................................................. 362

Clearing the FRRP Counters.......................................................................................................362

Viewing the FRRP Configuration................................................................................................362

Viewing the FRRP Information................................................................................................... 362

Troubleshooting FRRP......................................................................................................................363

Configuration Checks.................................................................................................................363

Sample Configuration and Topology...............................................................................................363

19 GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP)................................................366

Important Points to Remember....................................................................................................... 366

Configure GVRP................................................................................................................................366

Related Configuration Tasks.......................................................................................................367

Enabling GVRP Globally....................................................................................................................367

Enabling GVRP on a Layer 2 Interface............................................................................................. 368

Configure GVRP Registration...........................................................................................................368

Configure a GARP Timer.................................................................................................................. 369

20 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP).........................................371

IGMP Protocol Overview...................................................................................................................371

IGMP Version 2............................................................................................................................ 371

IGMP Version 3............................................................................................................................373

IGMP Snooping................................................................................................................................. 376

IGMP Snooping Implementation Information........................................................................... 376

Configuring IGMP Snooping.......................................................................................................377

Enabling IGMP Immediate-Leave............................................................................................... 377

Disabling Multicast Flooding.......................................................................................................378

Specifying a Port as Connected to a Multicast Router..............................................................378

Configuring the Switch as Querier.............................................................................................378

Fast Convergence after MSTP Topology Changes..........................................................................379

Designating a Multicast Router Interface.........................................................................................379

21 Interfaces.........................................................................................................380

Basic Interface Configuration.......................................................................................................... 380

Advanced Interface Configuration...................................................................................................380

Interface Types..................................................................................................................................381

View Basic Interface Information..................................................................................................... 381

Enabling a Physical Interface............................................................................................................383

Physical Interfaces............................................................................................................................ 384

Configuration Task List for Physical Interfaces......................................................................... 384

Overview of Layer Modes...........................................................................................................384

Configuring Layer 2 (Data Link) Mode....................................................................................... 385

Configuring Layer 2 (Interface) Mode........................................................................................ 385

Configuring Layer 3 (Network) Mode.........................................................................................385

Configuring Layer 3 (Interface) Mode........................................................................................386

Management Interfaces....................................................................................................................387

Configuring Management Interfaces on the XML Switch......................................................... 387

VLAN Interfaces................................................................................................................................ 389

Loopback Interfaces.........................................................................................................................390

Null Interfaces...................................................................................................................................390

Port Channel Interfaces....................................................................................................................390

Port Channel Definition and Standards......................................................................................391

Port Channel Benefits................................................................................................................. 391

Port Channel Implementation.................................................................................................... 391

100/1000/10000 Mbps Interfaces in Port Channels.................................................................392

Configuration Tasks for Port Channel Interfaces...................................................................... 392

Creating a Port Channel............................................................................................................. 392

Adding a Physical Interface to a Port Channel.......................................................................... 393

Reassigning an Interface to a New Port Channel......................................................................395

Configuring the Minimum Oper Up Links in a Port Channel....................................................395

Adding or Removing a Port Channel from a VLAN................................................................... 396

Assigning an IP Address to a Port Channel................................................................................396

Deleting or Disabling a Port Channel.........................................................................................397

Server Ports....................................................................................................................................... 397

Default Configuration without Start-up Config.........................................................................397

Bulk Configuration............................................................................................................................398

Interface Range...........................................................................................................................398

Bulk Configuration Examples..................................................................................................... 398

Defining Interface Range Macros.................................................................................................... 400

Define the Interface Range........................................................................................................ 400

Choosing an Interface-Range Macro........................................................................................400

Monitoring and Maintaining Interfaces............................................................................................401

Maintenance Using TDR.............................................................................................................402

Splitting QSFP Ports to SFP+ Ports.................................................................................................. 402

Merging SFP+ Ports to QSFP 40G Ports....................................................................................403

Configure the MTU Size on an Interface...................................................................................404

Converting a QSFP or QSFP+ Port to an SFP or SFP+ Port............................................................404

Important Points to Remember................................................................................................. 405

Support for LM4 Optics.............................................................................................................. 405

Example Scenarios......................................................................................................................405

Layer 2 Flow Control Using Ethernet Pause Frames.......................................................................409

Enabling Pause Frames............................................................................................................... 410

Configure MTU Size on an Interface................................................................................................ 411

Port-Pipes..........................................................................................................................................412

Auto-Negotiation on Ethernet Interfaces........................................................................................ 412

Setting the Speed and Duplex Mode of Ethernet Interfaces..................................................... 412

View Advanced Interface Information..............................................................................................414

Configuring the Interface Sampling Size....................................................................................415

Dynamic Counters...................................................................................................................... 416

Enhanced Validation of Interface Ranges........................................................................................ 417

22 Internet Protocol Security (IPSec).............................................................. 419

Configuring IPSec ............................................................................................................................ 419

23 IPv4 Routing....................................................................................................421

IP Addresses.......................................................................................................................................421

Implementation Information...................................................................................................... 421

Configuration Tasks for IP Addresses.........................................................................................421

IPv4 Path MTU Discovery Overview.................................................................................................424

Using the Configured Source IP Address in ICMP Messages..........................................................425

Configuring the ICMP Source Interface.....................................................................................425

Configuring the Duration to Establish a TCP Connection..............................................................426

Enabling Directed Broadcast............................................................................................................426

Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................... 426

Enabling Dynamic Resolution of Host Names...........................................................................427

Specifying the Local System Domain and a List of Domains....................................................427

Configuring DNS with Traceroute............................................................................................. 428

ARP.................................................................................................................................................... 429

Configuration Tasks for ARP.......................................................................................................429

ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP......................................................................................................431

ARP Learning via ARP Request..........................................................................................................431

Configuring ARP Retries................................................................................................................... 432

ICMP.................................................................................................................................................. 433

Configuration Tasks for ICMP.................................................................................................... 433

UDP Helper....................................................................................................................................... 433

Configure UDP Helper................................................................................................................433

Important Points to Remember................................................................................................. 433

Enabling UDP Helper.................................................................................................................. 434

Configurations Using UDP Helper................................................................................................... 434

UDP Helper with Broadcast-All Addresses................................................................................ 434

UDP Helper with Subnet Broadcast Addresses..........................................................................435

UDP Helper with Configured Broadcast Addresses.................................................................. 436

UDP Helper with No Configured Broadcast Addresses............................................................ 436

Troubleshooting UDP Helper...........................................................................................................437

24 IPv6 Addressing..............................................................................................438

Protocol Overview............................................................................................................................438

Extended Address Space............................................................................................................ 438

Stateless Autoconfiguration....................................................................................................... 438

IPv6 Header Fields............................................................................................................................440

Version (4 bits)............................................................................................................................ 440

Traffic Class (8 bits).....................................................................................................................440

Flow Label (20 bits).....................................................................................................................440

Payload Length (16 bits)............................................................................................................. 440

Next Header (8 bits)....................................................................................................................440

Hop Limit (8 bits)......................................................................................................................... 441

Source Address (128 bits)............................................................................................................441

Destination Address (128 bits).....................................................................................................441

Extension Header Fields....................................................................................................................441

Hop-by-Hop Options Header....................................................................................................442

Addressing.........................................................................................................................................442

Link-local Addresses...................................................................................................................443

Static and Dynamic Addressing..................................................................................................443

Implementing IPv6 with the Dell Networking OS...........................................................................444

ICMPv6..............................................................................................................................................446

Path MTU Discovery......................................................................................................................... 447

IPv6 Neighbor Discovery..................................................................................................................447

IPv6 Neighbor Discovery of MTU Packets.................................................................................448

Configuring the IPv6 Recursive DNS Server..............................................................................448

Debugging IPv6 RDNSS Information Sent to the Host ............................................................ 449

Displaying IPv6 RDNSS Information...........................................................................................450

IPv6 Multicast....................................................................................................................................450

Secure Shell (SSH) Over an IPv6 Transport...................................................................................... 451

Configuration Task List for IPv6........................................................................................................451

Adjusting Your CAM-Profile........................................................................................................451

Assigning an IPv6 Address to an Interface.................................................................................452

Assigning a Static IPv6 Route..................................................................................................... 453

Configuring Telnet with IPv6......................................................................................................453

SNMP over IPv6...........................................................................................................................454

Showing IPv6 Information..........................................................................................................454

Showing an IPv6 Interface..........................................................................................................454

Showing IPv6 Routes.................................................................................................................. 455

Showing the Running-Configuration for an Interface.............................................................. 456

Clearing IPv6 Routes...................................................................................................................457

25 iSCSI Optimization.........................................................................................458

iSCSI Optimization Overview........................................................................................................... 458

Monitoring iSCSI Traffic Flows...................................................................................................460

Information Monitored in iSCSI Traffic Flows........................................................................... 460

Detection and Auto-Configuration for Dell EqualLogic Arrays................................................460

Configuring Detection and Ports for Dell Compellent Arrays...................................................461

iSCSI Optimization: Operation................................................................................................... 461

Default iSCSI Optimization Values..............................................................................................461

Displaying iSCSI Optimization Information..................................................................................... 462

26 Intermediate System to Intermediate System..........................................464

IS-IS Protocol Overview...................................................................................................................464

IS-IS Addressing................................................................................................................................464

Multi-Topology IS-IS........................................................................................................................ 465

Transition Mode..........................................................................................................................466

Interface Support........................................................................................................................466

Adjacencies................................................................................................................................. 466

Graceful Restart................................................................................................................................466

Timers..........................................................................................................................................467

Implementation Information............................................................................................................467

Configuration Information............................................................................................................... 468

Configuration Tasks for IS-IS..................................................................................................... 468

IS-IS Metric Styles.............................................................................................................................484

Configure Metric Values...................................................................................................................484

Maximum Values in the Routing Table...................................................................................... 485

Change the IS-IS Metric Style in One Level Only......................................................................485

Leaks from One Level to Another.............................................................................................. 487

Sample Configurations..................................................................................................................... 487

27 Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP)...............................................492

Introduction to Dynamic LAGs and LACP....................................................................................... 492

Important Points to Remember................................................................................................. 492

LACP Modes................................................................................................................................493

Configuring LACP Commands...................................................................................................493

LACP Configuration Tasks................................................................................................................494

Creating a LAG............................................................................................................................494

Configuring the LAG Interfaces as Dynamic............................................................................. 495

Setting the LACP Long Timeout.................................................................................................495

Shared LAG State Tracking...............................................................................................................496

Configuring Shared LAG State Tracking.......................................................................................... 497

Important Points about Shared LAG State Tracking..................................................................498

LACP Basic Configuration Example.................................................................................................499

Configure a LAG on ALPHA........................................................................................................499

28 Layer 2..............................................................................................................508

Manage the MAC Address Table......................................................................................................508

Clearing the MAC Address Table................................................................................................508

Setting the Aging Time for Dynamic Entries..............................................................................508

Configuring a Static MAC Address............................................................................................. 509

Displaying the MAC Address Table............................................................................................ 509

MAC Learning Limit.......................................................................................................................... 509

Setting the MAC Learning Limit.................................................................................................. 510

mac learning-limit Dynamic....................................................................................................... 510

mac learning-limit station-move................................................................................................510

Learning Limit Violation Actions..................................................................................................511

Setting Station Move Violation Actions.......................................................................................511

Recovering from Learning Limit and Station Move Violations...................................................511

NIC Teaming......................................................................................................................................512

MAC Move Optimization.............................................................................................................514

29 Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)........................................................ 515

802.1AB (LLDP) Overview..................................................................................................................515

Protocol Data Units..................................................................................................................... 515

Optional TLVs.................................................................................................................................... 516

Management TLVs.......................................................................................................................516

TIA-1057 (LLDP-MED) Overview...................................................................................................... 518

TIA Organizationally Specific TLVs............................................................................................. 519

Extended Power via MDI TLV......................................................................................................523

Configure LLDP.................................................................................................................................523

Related Configuration Tasks.......................................................................................................523

Important Points to Remember................................................................................................. 524

LLDP Compatibility..................................................................................................................... 524

CONFIGURATION versus INTERFACE Configurations....................................................................524

Enabling LLDP................................................................................................................................... 525

Disabling and Undoing LLDP......................................................................................................525

Advertising TLVs................................................................................................................................525

Viewing the LLDP Configuration......................................................................................................526

Viewing Information Advertised by Adjacent LLDP Agents.............................................................527

Configuring LLDPDU Intervals......................................................................................................... 528

Configuring Transmit and Receive Mode........................................................................................ 529

Configuring a Time to Live...............................................................................................................530

Debugging LLDP...............................................................................................................................530

Relevant Management Objects.........................................................................................................531

30 Microsoft Network Load Balancing............................................................538

NLB Unicast Mode Scenario.............................................................................................................538

NLB Multicast Mode Scenario.......................................................................................................... 539

Limitations With Enabling NLB on Switches....................................................................................539

Benefits and Working of Microsoft Clustering.................................................................................539

Enable and Disable VLAN Flooding .................................................................................................540

Configuring a Switch for NLB ......................................................................................................... 540

.....................................................................................................................................................540

31 Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP)........................................... 541

Protocol Overview............................................................................................................................ 541

Anycast RP.........................................................................................................................................543

Implementation Information............................................................................................................543

Configure the Multicast Source Discovery Protocol.......................................................................543

Related Configuration Tasks...................................................................................................... 544

Enabling MSDP..................................................................................................................................548

Manage the Source-Active Cache................................................................................................... 549

Viewing the Source-Active Cache............................................................................................. 549

Limiting the Source-Active Cache............................................................................................. 550

Clearing the Source-Active Cache.............................................................................................550

Enabling the Rejected Source-Active Cache.............................................................................550

Accept Source-Active Messages that Fail the RFP Check.............................................................. 550

Specifying Source-Active Messages................................................................................................ 554

Limiting the Source-Active Messages from a Peer..........................................................................555

Preventing MSDP from Caching a Local Source............................................................................. 555

Preventing MSDP from Caching a Remote Source.........................................................................556

Preventing MSDP from Advertising a Local Source.........................................................................557

Logging Changes in Peership States................................................................................................558

Terminating a Peership.....................................................................................................................558

Clearing Peer Statistics..................................................................................................................... 558

Debugging MSDP..............................................................................................................................559

MSDP with Anycast RP......................................................................................................................559

Configuring Anycast RP.................................................................................................................... 561

Reducing Source-Active Message Flooding.............................................................................. 561

Specifying the RP Address Used in SA Messages....................................................................... 561

MSDP Sample Configurations.......................................................................................................... 564

32 Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP)...................................................567

Protocol Overview............................................................................................................................ 567

Spanning Tree Variations..................................................................................................................568

Implementation Information............................................................................................................568

Configure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol....................................................................................568

Related Configuration Tasks...................................................................................................... 568

Enable Multiple Spanning Tree Globally..........................................................................................569

Creating Multiple Spanning Tree Instances.....................................................................................569

Influencing MSTP Root Selection.....................................................................................................570

Interoperate with Non-Dell Networking OS Bridges.......................................................................571

Changing the Region Name or Revision.......................................................................................... 571

Modifying Global Parameters........................................................................................................... 572

Enable BPDU Filtering Globally.........................................................................................................573

Modifying the Interface Parameters.................................................................................................574

Configuring an EdgePort.................................................................................................................. 574

Flush MAC Addresses after a Topology Change..............................................................................575

MSTP Sample Configurations...........................................................................................................576

Router 1 Running-ConfigurationRouter 2 Running-ConfigurationRouter 3 Running-

ConfigurationSFTOS Example Running-Configuration.............................................................576

Debugging and Verifying MSTP Configurations.............................................................................. 579

33 Multicast Features..........................................................................................582

Enabling IP Multicast.........................................................................................................................582

Multicast with ECMP.........................................................................................................................582

Implementation Information............................................................................................................583

First Packet Forwarding for Lossless Multicast................................................................................584

Multicast Policies.............................................................................................................................. 584

IPv4 Multicast Policies...................................................................................................................... 584

Limiting the Number of Multicast Routes..................................................................................584

Preventing a Host from Joining a Group...................................................................................585

Rate Limiting IGMP Join Requests............................................................................................. 588

Preventing a PIM Router from Forming an Adjacency..............................................................588

Preventing a Source from Registering with the RP................................................................... 588

Preventing a PIM Router from Processing a Join...................................................................... 591

34 Open Shortest Path First (OSPFv2 and OSPFv3)...................................... 592

Protocol Overview............................................................................................................................592

Autonomous System (AS) Areas................................................................................................. 592

Area Types...................................................................................................................................593

Networks and Neighbors............................................................................................................594

Router Types............................................................................................................................... 594

Link-State Advertisements (LSAs)...............................................................................................596

Router Priority and Cost............................................................................................................. 597

OSPF with the Dell Networking OS..................................................................................................598

Graceful Restart.......................................................................................................................... 599

Fast Convergence (OSPFv2, IPv4 Only).....................................................................................600

Multi-Process OSPFv2 (IPv4 only)..............................................................................................600

RFC-2328 Compliant OSPF Flooding........................................................................................ 601

OSPF ACK Packing......................................................................................................................602

Setting OSPF Adjacency with Cisco Routers.............................................................................602

Configuration Information............................................................................................................... 603

Configuration Task List for OSPFv2 (OSPF for IPv4)................................................................. 603

Troubleshooting OSPFv2............................................................................................................616

Configuration Task List for OSPFv3 (OSPF for IPv6)....................................................................... 620

Enabling IPv6 Unicast Routing................................................................................................... 620

Assigning IPv6 Addresses on an Interface..................................................................................621

Assigning Area ID on an Interface...............................................................................................621

Assigning OSPFv3 Process ID and Router ID Globally...............................................................621

Configuring Stub Areas...............................................................................................................622

Configuring Passive-Interface....................................................................................................622

Redistributing Routes..................................................................................................................623

Configuring a Default Route.......................................................................................................623

Enabling OSPFv3 Graceful Restart............................................................................................. 623

Displaying Graceful Restart........................................................................................................ 624

OSPFv3 Authentication Using IPsec...........................................................................................626

35 Policy-based Routing (PBR)......................................................................... 635

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