3com SuperStack 3 Load Balancer Appliance User manual

http://www.3com.com/

Part No. 990-0049-00

Published June 2001

SuperStack

®

3

Server Load Balancer

Server Load Balancer Plus

User Guide

3C16120

3C16121

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3Com Corporation

5400 Bayfront Plaza

Santa Clara, California

95052-8145

in any form or by any means or used to make any derivative work (such as translation, transformation, or

adaptation) without written permission from 3Com Technologies.

3Com Technologies reserves the right to revise this documentation and to make changes in content from time

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change.

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implied or expressed, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties, terms or conditions of

merchantability, satisfactory quality, and fitness for a particular purpose. 3Com may make improvements or

changes in the product(s) and/or the program(s) described in this documentation at any time.

If there is any software on removable media described in this documentation, it is furnished under a license

agreement included in the hard copy documentation.

UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT LEGEND

If you are a United States government agency, then this documentation and the software described herein are

provided to you subject to the following:

All technical data and computer software are commercial in nature and developed solely at private expense.

Software is delivered as “Commercial Computer Software” as defined in DFARS 252.227-7014 (June 1995) or

as a “commercial item” as defined in FAR 2.101(a) and as such is provided with only such rights as are

provided in 3Com’s standard commercial license for the Software. Technical data is provided with limited rights

only as provided in DFAR 252.227-7015 (Nov 1995) or FAR 52.227-14 (June 1987), whichever is applicable.

You agree not to remove or deface any portion of any legend provided on any licensed program or

documentation contained in, or delivered to you in conjunction with, this User Guide.

Unless otherwise indicated, 3Com registered trademarks are registered in the United States and may or may

not be registered in other countries.

3Com, and SuperStack are registered trademarks of 3Com Corporation. The 3Com logo is a trademark of

3Com Corporation.

Microsoft, MS-DOS, Windows, and Windows NT are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. Novell

and NetWare are registered trademarks of Novell, Inc. Netscape Navigator is a registered trademark of

Netscape Communications. Javascript is a trademark of Sun Microsystems.

All other company and product names may be trademarks of the respective companies with which they are

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It is the policy of 3Com Corporation to be environmentally-friendly in all operations. To uphold our policy, we

are committed to:

Establishing environmental performance standards that comply with national legislation and regulations.

Conserving energy, materials and natural resources in all operations.

Reducing the waste generated by all operations. Ensuring that all waste conforms to recognized environmental

standards. Maximizing the recyclable and reusable content of all products.

Ensuring that all products can be recycled, reused and disposed of safely.

Ensuring that all products are labelled according to recognized environmental standards.

Improving our environmental record on a continual basis.

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3Com processes allow for the recovery, reclamation and safe disposal of all end-of-life electronic components.

Regulated Materials Statement

3Com products do not contain any hazardous or ozone-depleting material.

Environmental Statement about the Documentation

The documentation for this product is printed on paper that comes from sustainable, managed forests; it is

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the inks are vegetable-based with a low heavy-metal content.

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CONTENTS

ABOUT THIS GUIDE

Conventions 8

Related Documentation 9

Product Registration 9

Documentation Comments 9

1 INTRODUCING THE SERVER LOAD BALANCER

About the Server Load Balancer 12

Summary of Hardware Features 12

Summary of Software Features 12

Server Load Balancer — Front View Detail 13

Ports 13

Console Port 13

LEDs 14

Server Load Balancer — Rear View Detail 15

Unit Information Label 15

Power Socket 15

Advanced Redundant Power System Socket 15

Downloading 3Com Network Supervisor 16

2 INSTALLING THE SERVER LOAD BALANCER

Package Contents 18

Choosing a Suitable Site 18

Rack-mounting 19

Choosing the Correct Cables 20

Placing Units On Top of Each Other 20

The Power-up Sequence 21

Powering-up 21

Solving Problems Indicated by LEDs 22

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3 SETTING UP FOR MANAGEMENT

Methods of Managing the Server Load Balancer 24

Assigning an IP Address 24

4 WORKING WITH THE WEB INTERFACE

Choosing a Browser 28

Installing the JRE for Microsoft Internet Explorer 28

Installing the JRE for Netscape Navigator 29

Accessing the Web Interface 30

Exiting the Web interface 30

Using the Web Interface 31

Summary View 32

Device View 33

Logical View 35

Help View 37

Setting up SNMP Management 38

Specifying Community Strings 38

Modifying a Trap Address 38

Upgrading Operating Software 39

5 CONFIGURING NON-REDUNDANT SERVER LOAD BALANCING

Server Load Balancing Configuration Example 42

Configuring for Non-redundant Server Load Balancing 43

6 CONFIGURING REDUNDANT SERVER LOAD BALANCING

Redundant Server Load Balancing Configuration Example 46

Configuring for Active-Passive Redundancy 47

Configuring for Active-Active Redundancy 49

Active-Active Device Allocation 51

Setting Redundancy Settings 51

7 CONFIGURING CACHE REDIRECTION

Cache Redirection Configuration Example 54

Defining a Cache Subnet 55

Non-redundant Configuration 55

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Redundant Configuration 56

Adding a Cache 57

Assigning Caches to Services 57

Showing Status and Deleting the Cache 58

Creating a Cache Profile (Optional) 58

8 CONFIGURING FOR LOAD BALANCING

Defining a Server Subnet 62

Changing Lan Port Roles 63

Adding a Server 64

Adding a Service 65

Assigning Servers to Service 66

Showing Status and Deleting the Server 66

Assigning Server to Services (Advanced) 67

Adding a User Group 68

Adding IP Address Ranges to User Groups 68

Accessing Permissions 69

Creating a Balance Profile (Optional) 69

Modifying Security Filters (Attack Mitigation) 72

Modifying Security Filters 72

Modifying User Access 73

A SAFETY INFORMATION

Important Safety Information 76

L’information de Sécurité Importante 78

Wichtige Sicherheitsinformationen 80

B TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS AND PIN-OUTS

Server Load Balancer Specifications 83

Console Port Cable 84

PC-AT Serial 84

C TECHNICAL SUPPORT

Online Technical Services 85

World Wide Web Site 85

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3Com Knowledgebase Web Services 85

3Com FTP Site 86

Support from Your Network Supplier 86

Support from 3Com 87

Returning Products for Repair 89

INDEX

3COM CORPORATION LIFETIME LIMITED WARRANTY

REGULATORY NOTICES

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ABOUT THIS GUIDE

This guide provides all the information you need to install and use a

SuperStack

®

3 Server Load Balancer (3C16120) or the SuperStack 3

Server Load Balancer Plus (3C16121) to perform server load balancing,

both non-redundant and redundant, and cache redirection.

The guide is intended for use by network administrators who are

responsible for installing and setting up network equipment.

Most user guides and release notes are available in Adobe Acrobat

Reader Portable Document Format (PDF) or HTML on the 3Com®

World Wide Web site:

http://www.3com.com/

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8 ABOUT THIS GUIDE

Conventions Table 1 and Table 2 list conventions that are used throughout this guide.

Ta b l e 1 Notice Icons

Icon Notice Type Description

Information note Information that describes important features or

instructions.

Caution Information that alerts you to potential loss of data or

potential damage to an application, system, or device.

Warning Information that alerts you to potential personal

injury.

Ta b l e 2 Text Conventions

Convention Description

boldface

This typeface represents user input. Example:

At the login: prompt, enter

admin.

Screen displays This typeface represents information as it appears on the

screen.

Syntax The word “syntax” means that you must evaluate the syntax

provided and then supply the appropriate values for the

placeholders that appear in angle brackets. Example:

To change your password, use the following syntax:

system password <password>

In this example, you must supply a password for <password>.

The words “enter”

and “type”

When you see the word “enter” in this guide, you must type

something, and then press Return or Enter. Do not press

Return or Enter when an instruction simply says “type.”

Keyboard key names If you must press two or more keys simultaneously, the key

names are linked with a plus sign (+). Example:

Press Ctrl+Alt+Del

Words in italics Italics are used to:

■ Emphasize a point.

■ Denote a new term at the place where it is defined in the

text.

■ Identify menu names, menu commands, and software

button names. Examples:

From the Help menu, select Contents.

Click OK.

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Related Documentation 9

In addition to this guide, the documentation set includes the following:

■ Release Notes (PDF format)

These notes provide information about the current software release,

including new features, modifications, and known problems. These

release notes are available in PDF format and are accessible from the

3Com web site.

There are other publications you may find useful, such as:

■ Documentation accompanying the Advanced Redundant Power

System.

■ Documentation accompanying the 3Com® Network Supervisor.

Product

Registration

You can register your SuperStack 3 Server Load Balancer on the 3Com

Web site to receive up-to-date information on your product:

http://support.3com.com/registration/frontpg.pl

Documentation

Comments

Your suggestions are very important to us. They will help make our

documentation more useful to you. Please e-mail comments about this

document to 3Com at:

pddtechpubs_comments@3com.com

Please include the following information when commenting:

■ Document title

■ Document part number (on the title page)

■ Page number (if appropriate)

Example:

■ SuperStack 3 Server Load Balancer and Server Load Balancer Plus User

Guide

■ Part Number 990-XXXX-XX

■ Page 21

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10 ABOUT THIS GUIDE

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1

INTRODUCING THE SERVER LOAD

BALANCER

This chapter contains introductory information about the SuperStack® 3

Server Load Balancer and the SuperStack 3 Server Load Balancer Plus. It

covers summaries of the following topics:

■ About the Server Load Balancer

■ Server Load Balancer — Front View Detail

■ Server Load Balancer — Rear View Detail

■ Downloading 3Com Network Supervisor

Unless otherwise noted, the information in this chapter applies to both

the Server Load Balancer and the Server Load Balancer Plus.

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12 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCING THE SERVER LOAD BALANCER

About the Server

Load Balancer

The SuperStack

®

3 Server Load Balancer and Server Load Balancer Plus

provide support for connecting multiple high-performance servers to a

Gigabit backbone and providing server load balancing, cache redirection

and security functionality.

Summary of

Hardware Features

Table 3 summarizes the hardware features that are supported in both

models of the Server Load Balancer.

Summary of Software

Features

Table 4 summarizes the software features that are supported in both

models of the Server Load Balancer.

Ta b l e 3 Hardware Features

Feature

Server Load Balancer

Server Load Balancer Plus

Memory ■ 64 MB for Server Load Balancer Plus

■ 32 MB for Server Load Balancer

12 10/100 LAN Ports Supported

2 Gigabit Ethernet Ports Supported

SuperStack 3 Architecture ■ Connects to a SuperStack 3 Advanced

Redundant Power System (ARPS)

■ Installs in a 19-inch rack or stand-alone

mounting

Ta b l e 4 Software Features

Feature

Server Load Balancer

Server Load Balancer Plus

Algorithms ■ Round Robin

■ Weighted Round Robin

■ Least Connections

■ Quickest Last Response

■ Quickest Average Response

■ Weighted Percentage

Port Trunking (Etherchannel) Supported

Up to 256 servers Supported

TCP/IP Sessions ■ 16,000 for the Server Load Balancer

■ 128,000 for the Server Load Balancer Plus

Persistence Modes ■ Source IP

■ Secure Socket Layer (SSL) Session ID

■ Cookie

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Server Load Balancer — Front View Detail 13

Server Load

Balancer — Front

View Detail

Figure 1 Server Load Balancer — front view

Ports The Server Load Balancer and Server Load Balancer Plus have twelve

dedicated 10BASE-T/100BASE-TX ports and two 1000BASE-SX ports.

Console Port The console port allows you to use a terminal or serial PC connector to

access the command line interface (CLI). The CLI allows you to assign the

IP address to the Service Load Balancer and provides basic configuration

capabilities. For console port pin-out information, see Appendix B.

Cache Redirection ■ Transparent mode

■ Proxy mode

DoS Protection Supported

Redundant Failover Modes ■ Primary/Secondary

■ Active/Active

Management Web interface, command line interface, and

SNMP supported

Ta b l e 4 Software Features

Feature

Server Load Balancer

Server Load Balancer Plus

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 121110

1413

1000BASE-SX Ports

Console Port

10BASE-T/100BASE-TX

Port Status LEDs

1000BASE-SX

Port Status LEDs

Power Self-Test LED

Power LED

10BASE-T/100BASE-TX Ports

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14 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCING THE SERVER LOAD BALANCER

LEDs Table 5 lists LEDs visible on the front of the Server Load Balancer, and how

to read their status according to color.

Ta b l e 5 LED Behavior

LED Color Indicates

Power/Self Test LED

Yellow The Server Load Balancer has failed its Power On Self

Test (POST) or a failure is detected in the runtime.

Yellow flashing The Server Load Balancer is running POST.

Off No fault has been detected.

Power LED

Green The Server Load Balancer is receiving power.

Green flashing The Server Load Balancer is receiving power and

downloading new operating software.

Off The Server Load Balancer is not receiving power.

10/100BASE-T Port Status LEDs

Packet Yellow Packets are being transmitted/received on the port.

Off No packets are being transmitted/received on the port.

Status Green A link is present and the port is enabled.

Green flashing The port is disabled.

Off No link is present.

1000BASE-SX Port Status LEDs

Packet Yellow Packets are being transmitted/received on the port.

Off No packets are being transmitted/received on the port.

Status Green A high speed (1000 Mbps) link is present, and the port

is enabled.

Green flashing A high speed (1000 Mbps) port is disabled.

Off No link is present.

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Server Load Balancer — Rear View Detail 15

Server Load

Balancer — Rear

View Detail

Figure 2 Server Load Balancer — rear view

Unit Information

Label

The labels on the rear of the unit show the following:

■ The 3Com product name of the Server Load Balancer

■ The 3Com 3C number of the Server Load Balancer

■ The unique MAC address (Ethernet address) of the Server Load

Balancer

■ The serial number of the Server Load Balancer

You may need this information for fault reporting purposes.

Power Socket The Server Load Balancer automatically adjusts its power setting to any

supply voltage in the range 90-240 VAC.

Advanced Redundant

Power System Socket

To protect against internal power supply failure, you can use this socket

to connect a Advanced Redundant Power System (ARPS) (part number

3C16075) to the Server Load Balancer. For more information on the

Advanced Redundant Power System, see the documentation shipped

with the power system.

For normal redundancy, the unit requires one Type 3 Power Module (part

number 3C16075).

For full redundancy, the unit requires two Type 3 Power Modules

combined using a Type 3 Y-Cable (part number 3C16077).

Laser warning and

Supply warning Label

Redundant Power System Socket

Power Socket

Unit Information Label

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16 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCING THE SERVER LOAD BALANCER

CAUTION: The Server Load Balancer can only use a SuperStack

Advanced Redundant Power System output.

WARNING: If you are connecting the Server Load Balancer to a ARPS

Type 3 Power Module, read the Safety Information section in the

documentation shipped with the power system.

CAUTION: The Server Load Balancer has no ON/OFF switch; the only

method of connecting or disconnecting main power is by connecting or

disconnecting the power cord.

Downloading 3Com

Network Supervisor

You can download 3Com Network Supervisor Version 3.0 from the

following Web address:

http://www.3com.com/tns

Network Supervisor is a powerful, intuitive network management

application for small to medium enterprise networks.

Network Supervisor automatically discovers up to 1500 network devices

and shows devices and connections on a graphical display. Network

managers can view network activity, monitor stress and set thresholds

and alerts. This information helps to provide the most efficient,

cost-effective use of network resources.

Version 3.0 adds significant extra functionality designed to detect

network inefficiency and optimize network performance. Features

include support for related and recurring events, user definable reports,

auto-alerting using pager or SMS messages and simple updates from the

3Com Web site.

3Com Network Supervisor offers Telnet and Web device management.

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2

INSTALLING THE SERVER LOAD

BALANCER

This chapter contains the information you need to install and set up the

Server Load Balancer. It covers the following topics:

■ Package Contents

■ Choosing a Suitable Site

■ Rack-mounting

■ Placing Units On Top of Each Other

■ The Power-up Sequence

■ Solving Problems Indicated by LEDs

WARNING: Safety Information. Before installing or removing any

components from the Server Load Balancer or carrying out any

maintenance procedures, you must read the safety information provided

in Appendix A of this guide.

AVERTISSEMENT: Consignes de sécurité. Avant d'installer ou d'enlever

tout composant du Server Load Balancer ou d'entamer une procédure de

maintenance, lisez les informations relatives à la sécurité qui se trouvent

dans l'Appendice A de ce guide.

WARNHINWEIS: Sicherheitsinformationen. Bevor Sie Komponenten

aus dem Server Load Balancer entfernen oder dem Server Load Balancer

hinzufuegen oder Instandhaltungsarbeiten verrichten, lesen Sie die

Sicherheitsanweisungen, die in Appendix A (Anhang A) in diesem

Handbuch aufgefuehrt sind.

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18 CHAPTER 2: INSTALLING THE SERVER LOAD BALANCER

Package Contents Your shipping container should contain the following items:

■ Server Load Balancer (3C11620)

or Server Load Balancer Plus (3C11621)

■ User Guide (this guide)

■ Power Cord

■ 2 x mounting brackets

■ 6 x screws

■ 4 x rubber feet

Choosing a Suitable

Site

The Server Load Balancer is suited for use where it can be mounted in a

standard 19-inch equipment rack, or free-standing. A rack-mounting kit,

containing two mounting brackets and six screws is supplied with the

unit.

CAUTION: Ensure that the ventilation holes are not obstructed.

When deciding where to position the Server Load Balancer, ensure that:

■ Cabling is located away from sources of electrical noise such as radios,

transmitters and broadband amplifiers.

■ Cabling is located away from power lines and fluorescent lighting

fixtures

■ The Server Load Balancer is accessible and cables can be connected

easily.

■ Water or moisture cannot enter the case of the Server Load Balancer.

■ Air-flow is not restricted around the Server Load Balancer or through

the vents in the side of the Server Load Balancer. 3Com recommends

that you provide a minimum of 25 mm (1 in.) clearance.

■ The air is as free from dust as possible.

■ No more than four Server Load Balancer units are placed on top of

one another, if the units are free-standing.

■ Temperature operating limits are not exceeded. It is recommended

that the unit is installed in a clean, air conditioned environment.

■ Ensure there is adequate clearance at the front of the unit to ensure

that the fibers are not damaged as they have a restricted bend radius.

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Rack-mounting 19

Rack-mounting The Server Load Balancer is 1.5U and fits in most standard 19-inch racks.

However, if you are connecting the Server Load Balancer to a ARPS Type 3

power module, a runner, shelf or tray is recommended to support the

additional weight. You will need to allow a 2U space within the rack for

each Server Load Balancer.

WARNING: The rack-mount kits alone are not sufficient to support the

weight of the Server Load Balancer when attached to an ARPS power

module. It is recommended that you use a runner, shelf or tray to support

the total weight. The rack mount kits must not be used to suspend the

Server Load Balancer from under a table or desk, or attach it to a wall.

CAUTION: You must use a full depth shelf or support that will not

obstruct the air flow through the side panels of the Server Load Balancer.

CAUTION: Disconnect all cables from the Server Load Balancer before

continuing. Remove all self adhesive pads from the underside of the

Server Load Balancer if they have been fitted.

To rack-mount your Server Load Balancer:

1 Place the unit the right way up on a hard flat surface, with the front

facing towards you.

2 Locate a mounting bracket over the mounting holes on one side of the

unit, as shown in Figure 3.

Figure 3 Fitting a bracket for rack-mounting

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20 CHAPTER 2: INSTALLING THE SERVER LOAD BALANCER

You must use the screws supplied with the mounting brackets. Damage

caused to the unit by using incorrect screws invalidates your warranty.

3 Insert the three screws and tighten with a suitable screwdriver.

4 Repeat steps 2 and 3 for the other side of the unit.

5 Insert the unit into the 19-inch rack and secure with suitable screws (not

provided). Ensure that ventilation holes are not obstructed.

6 Connect network cabling.

Choosing the

Correct Cables

The 1000BASE-FX fiber optic LAN ports (Ports 13 and 14) on the Server

Load Balancer use SC connectors. The 10BASE-T/100BASE-TX copper

LAN ports (Ports 1 through 12) use RJ45 connectors.

Table 6 explains cables to use before connecting a device to the copper

ports.

1

Cables are not supplied by 3Com.

Placing Units On

Top of Each Other

If the units are free-standing, up to four units can be placed one on top

of the other.

If you are placing units one on top of the other, you must use the

self-adhesive rubber feet supplied. Apply the feet to the underside of

each unit, sticking one in the marked area at each corner. Place the units

on top of each other, ensuring that the feet of the upper unit line up with

the recesses of the lower unit.

Ta b l e 6 Cabling for Copper Ports

Device to Connect: Use this Cable:

Another Server Load Balancer, a

network switch or router

Crossover cable

1

End Station (such as a server or

a PC)

Straight-through cable

1

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