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Force10 MXL Blade

Dell Force10 MXL Blade Owner's manual

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Dell Networking Conguration Guide for the MXL
10/40GbE Switch I/O Module
9.11(2.1)
Notes, cautions, and warnings
NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your product.
CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the problem.
WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.
Copyright © 2017 Dell Inc. or its subsidiaries. All rights reserved. Dell, EMC, and other trademarks are trademarks of Dell Inc. or its subsidiaries. Other
trademarks may be trademarks of their respective owners.
2017 - 06
Rev. A00
Contents
1 About this Guide...........................................................................................................................................32
Audience............................................................................................................................................................................32
Conventions......................................................................................................................................................................32
Information Symbols........................................................................................................................................................32
Related Documents......................................................................................................................................................... 33
2 Conguration Fundamentals........................................................................................................................ 34
Accessing the Command Line........................................................................................................................................34
CLI Modes.........................................................................................................................................................................34
Navigating CLI Modes...............................................................................................................................................35
The do Command............................................................................................................................................................ 38
Undoing Commands........................................................................................................................................................ 38
Obtaining Help..................................................................................................................................................................39
Entering and Editing Commands....................................................................................................................................39
Command History............................................................................................................................................................40
Filtering show Command Outputs.................................................................................................................................40
Multiple Users in Conguration Mode............................................................................................................................41
3 Getting Started............................................................................................................................................43
Console Access................................................................................................................................................................ 44
Serial Console............................................................................................................................................................. 44
External Serial Port with a USB Connector............................................................................................................46
Accessing the CLI Interface and Running Scripts Using SSH....................................................................................46
Entering CLI commands Using an SSH Connection..............................................................................................46
Executing Local CLI Scripts Using an SSH Connection........................................................................................46
Boot Process.................................................................................................................................................................... 47
Default Conguration...................................................................................................................................................... 48
Conguring a Host Name............................................................................................................................................... 48
Conguring a Unique Host Name on the System........................................................................................................49
Accessing the System Remotely....................................................................................................................................49
Accessing the Switch Remotely...............................................................................................................................49
Congure the Management Port IP Address......................................................................................................... 49
Congure a Management Route..............................................................................................................................50
Conguring a Username and Password..................................................................................................................50
Conguring the Enable Password..................................................................................................................................50
Conguration File Management......................................................................................................................................51
Copy Files to and from the System.......................................................................................................................... 51
Save the Running-Conguration..............................................................................................................................52
Viewing Files...............................................................................................................................................................53
Managing the File System.............................................................................................................................................. 54
View the Command History........................................................................................................................................... 55
Using HTTP for File Transfers........................................................................................................................................55
Contents
3
Upgrading and Downgrading the Dell Networking OS................................................................................................56
Verify Software Images Before Installation...................................................................................................................56
4 Management............................................................................................................................................... 58
Conguring Privilege Levels........................................................................................................................................... 58
Creating a Custom Privilege Level...........................................................................................................................59
Customizing a Privilege Level...................................................................................................................................59
Applying a Privilege Level to a Username................................................................................................................61
Applying a Privilege Level to a Terminal Line...........................................................................................................61
Conguring Logging......................................................................................................................................................... 61
Audit and Security Logs............................................................................................................................................ 62
Conguring Logging Format ...................................................................................................................................63
Setting Up a Secure Connection to a Syslog Server.............................................................................................64
Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration........................................................................................65
Log Messages in the Internal Buer..............................................................................................................................65
Conguration Task List for System Log Management..........................................................................................66
Disabling System Logging............................................................................................................................................... 66
Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server............................................................................................................66
Conguring a UNIX System as a Syslog Server.....................................................................................................66
Changing System Logging Settings...............................................................................................................................67
Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration........................................................................................68
Conguring a UNIX Logging Facility Level....................................................................................................................68
Synchronizing Log Messages.........................................................................................................................................69
Enabling Timestamp on Syslog Messages.................................................................................................................... 70
Enabling Secure Management Mode............................................................................................................................ 70
Enabling Secured CLI Mode............................................................................................................................................ 71
File Transfer Services....................................................................................................................................................... 71
Conguration Task List for File Transfer Services...................................................................................................71
Enabling the FTP Server............................................................................................................................................71
Conguring FTP Server Parameters........................................................................................................................72
Conguring FTP Client Parameters......................................................................................................................... 72
Terminal Lines................................................................................................................................................................... 73
Denying and Permitting Access to a Terminal Line................................................................................................ 73
Conguring Login Authentication for Terminal Lines............................................................................................. 74
Setting Time Out of EXEC Privilege Mode................................................................................................................... 74
Using Telnet to get to Another Network Device..........................................................................................................75
Lock CONFIGURATION Mode....................................................................................................................................... 76
Viewing the Conguration Lock Status...................................................................................................................76
Limit Concurrent Login Sessions....................................................................................................................................76
Restrictions for Limiting the Number of Concurrent Sessions.............................................................................77
Conguring Concurrent Session Limit.....................................................................................................................77
Enabling the System to Clear Existing Sessions.....................................................................................................77
Track Login Activity..........................................................................................................................................................78
Restrictions for Tracking Login Activity...................................................................................................................78
Conguring Login Activity Tracking......................................................................................................................... 78
Display Login Statistics..............................................................................................................................................79
4
Contents
Recovering from a Forgotten Password....................................................................................................................... 80
Recovering from a Forgotten Enable Password........................................................................................................... 81
Recovering from a Failed Start.......................................................................................................................................82
5 802.1X..........................................................................................................................................................83
The Port-Authentication Process.................................................................................................................................. 86
EAP over RADIUS...................................................................................................................................................... 87
Conguring 802.1X........................................................................................................................................................... 87
Related Conguration Tasks..................................................................................................................................... 87
Important Points to Remember......................................................................................................................................88
Enabling 802.1X................................................................................................................................................................ 88
Conguring Request Identity Re-Transmissions.....................................................................................................89
Conguring a Quiet Period after a Failed Authentication..................................................................................... 90
Conguring dot1x Prole .................................................................................................................................................91
Conguring MAC addresses for a do1x Prole..............................................................................................................91
Conguring the Static MAB and MAB Prole .............................................................................................................92
Conguring Critical VLAN ..............................................................................................................................................92
Forcibly Authorizing or Unauthorizing a Port............................................................................................................... 93
Re-Authenticating a Port................................................................................................................................................94
Conguring Timeouts......................................................................................................................................................95
Conguring Dynamic VLAN Assignment with Port Authentication.......................................................................... 96
Guest and Authentication-Fail VLANs.....................................................................................................................97
Conguring a Guest VLAN....................................................................................................................................... 98
Conguring an Authentication-Fail VLAN...............................................................................................................98
6 Access Control List (ACL) VLAN Groups and Content Addressable Memory (CAM).................................. 100
Optimizing CAM Utilization During the Attachment of ACLs to VLANs................................................................. 100
Guidelines for Conguring ACL VLAN groups.............................................................................................................101
Conguring ACL VLAN Groups and Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters...............................................102
Conguring ACL VLAN Groups.............................................................................................................................. 102
Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters....................................................................................................... 103
Viewing CAM Usage...................................................................................................................................................... 103
Allocating FP Blocks for VLAN Processes.................................................................................................................. 105
7 Access Control Lists (ACLs)....................................................................................................................... 106
IP Access Control Lists (ACLs)..................................................................................................................................... 107
Implementing ACL on the Dell Networking OS...........................................................................................................108
ACLs and VLANs............................................................................................................................................................108
ACL Optimization........................................................................................................................................................... 108
Determine the Order in which ACLs are Used to Classify Trac.............................................................................108
Example of the order Keyword to Determine ACL Sequence.............................................................................108
IP Fragment Handling.................................................................................................................................................... 109
IP Fragments ACL Examples.........................................................................................................................................109
Layer 4 ACL Rules Examples.........................................................................................................................................109
Congure a Standard IP ACL.........................................................................................................................................110
Conguring a Standard IP ACL Filter.............................................................................................................................111
Contents
5
Congure an Extended IP ACL......................................................................................................................................112
Conguring Filters with a Sequence Number..............................................................................................................112
Conguring Filters Without a Sequence Number....................................................................................................... 113
Established Flag...............................................................................................................................................................113
Congure Layer 2 and Layer 3 ACLs............................................................................................................................ 113
Assign an IP ACL to an Interface...................................................................................................................................114
Applying an IP ACL..........................................................................................................................................................114
Counting ACL Hits.......................................................................................................................................................... 115
Congure Ingress ACLs..................................................................................................................................................115
Congure Egress ACLs...................................................................................................................................................116
Applying Egress Layer 3 ACLs (Control-Plane)...........................................................................................................116
IP Prex Lists................................................................................................................................................................... 117
Implementation Information..................................................................................................................................... 117
Conguration Task List for Prex Lists......................................................................................................................... 117
Creating a Prex List.......................................................................................................................................................118
Creating a Prex List Without a Sequence Number...................................................................................................118
Viewing Prex Lists.........................................................................................................................................................119
Applying a Prex List for Route Redistribution...........................................................................................................120
Applying a Filter to a Prex List (OSPF)......................................................................................................................120
ACL Resequencing..........................................................................................................................................................121
Resequencing an ACL or Prex List..............................................................................................................................121
Route Maps..................................................................................................................................................................... 123
Implementation Information.................................................................................................................................... 123
Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................................... 123
Conguration Task List for Route Maps...................................................................................................................... 123
Creating a Route Map....................................................................................................................................................123
Congure Route Map Filters.........................................................................................................................................125
Conguring Match Routes............................................................................................................................................ 125
Conguring Set Conditions........................................................................................................................................... 126
Congure a Route Map for Route Redistribution....................................................................................................... 127
Congure a Route Map for Route Tagging..................................................................................................................127
Continue Clause..............................................................................................................................................................128
Logging of ACL Processes............................................................................................................................................ 128
Guidelines for Conguring ACL Logging......................................................................................................................129
Conguring ACL Logging...............................................................................................................................................129
Flow-Based Monitoring Support for ACLs..................................................................................................................130
Behavior of Flow-Based Monitoring.......................................................................................................................130
Enabling Flow-Based Monitoring...................................................................................................................................131
8 Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD).................................................................................................. 133
How BFD Works............................................................................................................................................................. 133
BFD Packet Format..................................................................................................................................................134
BFD Sessions............................................................................................................................................................ 135
BFD Three-Way Handshake.................................................................................................................................... 136
Session State Changes............................................................................................................................................138
Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................................... 138
6
Contents
Congure BFD................................................................................................................................................................ 138
Congure BFD for Physical Ports...........................................................................................................................139
Enabling BFD Globally.............................................................................................................................................. 139
Changing Physical Port Session Parameters........................................................................................................ 140
Disabling and Re-Enabling BFD.............................................................................................................................. 140
Congure BFD for Static Routes...................................................................................................................................141
Related Conguration Tasks.....................................................................................................................................141
Establishing Sessions for Static Routes................................................................................................................. 141
Establishing Static Route Sessions on Specic Neighbors................................................................................. 142
Changing Static Route Session Parameters..........................................................................................................143
Disabling BFD for Static Routes............................................................................................................................. 143
Congure BFD for OSPF...............................................................................................................................................143
Related Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................144
Establishing Sessions with OSPF Neighbors........................................................................................................ 144
Establishing Sessions with OSPF Neighbors for nondefault VRFs....................................................................145
Changing OSPF Session Parameters.....................................................................................................................146
Disabling BFD for OSPF...........................................................................................................................................146
Congure BFD for OSPFv3...........................................................................................................................................147
Related Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................147
Establishing Sessions with OSPFv3 Neighbors.................................................................................................... 147
Establishing BFD Sessions with OSPFv3 Neighbors for nondefault VRFs........................................................147
Changing OSPFv3 Session Parameters.................................................................................................................149
Disabling BFD for OSPFv3...................................................................................................................................... 149
Congure BFD for BGP................................................................................................................................................. 149
Prerequisites..............................................................................................................................................................149
Establishing Sessions with BGP Neighbors.......................................................................................................... 150
Disabling BFD for BGP..............................................................................................................................................151
Use BFD in a BGP Peer Group............................................................................................................................... 152
Displaying BFD for BGP Information...................................................................................................................... 152
Congure BFD for VRRP...............................................................................................................................................156
Related Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................156
Establishing Sessions with All VRRP Neighbors................................................................................................... 157
Establishing VRRP Sessions on VRRP Neighbors................................................................................................157
Changing VRRP Session Parameters.................................................................................................................... 158
Disabling BFD for VRRP.......................................................................................................................................... 158
Congure BFD for VLANs.............................................................................................................................................159
Related Conguration Task..................................................................................................................................... 159
Establish Sessions with VLAN Neighbors............................................................................................................. 160
Changing VLAN Session Parameters.....................................................................................................................160
Disabling BFD for VLANs......................................................................................................................................... 161
Congure BFD for Port-Channels.................................................................................................................................161
Related Conguration Tasks.................................................................................................................................... 161
Establish Sessions on Port-Channels.....................................................................................................................162
Changing Physical Port Session Parameters........................................................................................................ 162
Disabling BFD for Port-Channels............................................................................................................................163
Contents
7
Conguring Protocol Liveness...................................................................................................................................... 163
Troubleshooting BFD......................................................................................................................................................163
9 Border Gateway Protocol IPv4 (BGPv4).................................................................................................... 165
Autonomous Systems (AS)........................................................................................................................................... 165
Sessions and Peers.........................................................................................................................................................167
Establish a Session................................................................................................................................................... 167
Route Reectors.............................................................................................................................................................168
Communities............................................................................................................................................................. 169
BGP Attributes................................................................................................................................................................169
Best Path Selection Criteria....................................................................................................................................169
Weight.........................................................................................................................................................................171
Local Preference........................................................................................................................................................171
Multi-Exit Discriminators (MEDs)...........................................................................................................................172
Origin..........................................................................................................................................................................173
AS Path...................................................................................................................................................................... 174
Next Hop....................................................................................................................................................................174
Multiprotocol BGP.......................................................................................................................................................... 174
Implement BGP with the Dell Networking OS............................................................................................................175
Additional Path (Add-Path) Support......................................................................................................................175
Advertise IGP Cost as MED for Redistributed Routes........................................................................................ 175
Ignore Router-ID for Some Best-Path Calculations............................................................................................. 176
Four-Byte AS Numbers............................................................................................................................................176
AS4 Number Representation.................................................................................................................................. 176
AS Number Migration...............................................................................................................................................178
BGP4 Management Information Base (MIB)........................................................................................................179
Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 179
Conguration Information..............................................................................................................................................180
BGP Conguration......................................................................................................................................................... 180
Enabling BGP.............................................................................................................................................................181
Enabling MBGP Congurations...............................................................................................................................211
BGP Regular Expression Optimization.........................................................................................................................212
Debugging BGP.............................................................................................................................................................. 212
Storing Last and Bad PDUs.....................................................................................................................................213
PDU Counters...........................................................................................................................................................214
Sample Congurations...................................................................................................................................................214
10 Content Addressable Memory (CAM).......................................................................................................223
CAM Allocation...............................................................................................................................................................223
Test CAM Usage............................................................................................................................................................ 224
View CAM-ACL Settings.............................................................................................................................................. 224
CAM Optimization......................................................................................................................................................... 225
11 Control Plane Policing (CoPP).................................................................................................................. 226
Congure Control Plane Policing..................................................................................................................................227
Conguring CoPP for Protocols............................................................................................................................ 228
8
Contents
Conguring CoPP for CPU Queues...................................................................................................................... 229
Show Commands.....................................................................................................................................................230
12 Data Center Bridging (DCB)..................................................................................................................... 232
Ethernet Enhancements in Data Center Bridging..................................................................................................... 232
Priority-Based Flow Control................................................................................................................................... 233
Enhanced Transmission Selection..........................................................................................................................234
Data Center Bridging Exchange Protocol (DCBx)...............................................................................................235
Data Center Bridging in a Trac Flow...................................................................................................................236
Enabling Data Center Bridging..................................................................................................................................... 236
Conguring DCB Maps and its Attributes.............................................................................................................237
Data Center Bridging: Default Conguration..............................................................................................................240
Interworking of DCB Map With DCB Buer Threshold Settings.............................................................................240
Conguring Priority-Based Flow Control.....................................................................................................................241
Conguring Lossless Queues................................................................................................................................. 242
Conguring the PFC Buer in a Switch Stack.....................................................................................................243
Priority-Based Flow Control Using Dynamic Buer Method..............................................................................243
Congure Enhanced Transmission Selection..............................................................................................................245
ETS Prerequisites and Restrictions....................................................................................................................... 245
Creating an ETS Priority Group..............................................................................................................................245
ETS Operation with DCBx...................................................................................................................................... 246
Conguring Bandwidth Allocation for DCBx CIN.................................................................................................247
Hierarchical Scheduling in ETS Output Policies................................................................................................... 248
Applying DCB Policies with an ETS Conguration.....................................................................................................248
PFC and ETS Conguration Examples........................................................................................................................248
Using PFC and ETS to Manage Data Center Trac........................................................................................... 249
Using PFC and ETS to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac in a Switch Stack.............................................. 251
Applying DCB Policies in a Switch Stack.....................................................................................................................251
Congure a DCBx Operation.........................................................................................................................................251
DCBx Operation........................................................................................................................................................251
DCBx Port Roles...................................................................................................................................................... 252
DCB Conguration Exchange................................................................................................................................ 253
Conguration Source Election................................................................................................................................253
Propagation of DCB Information............................................................................................................................254
Auto-Detection and Manual Conguration of the DCBx Version...................................................................... 254
DCBx Example......................................................................................................................................................... 255
DCBx Prerequisites and Restrictions.....................................................................................................................256
Conguring DCBx....................................................................................................................................................256
Verifying the DCB Conguration................................................................................................................................. 259
QoS dot1p Trac Classication and Queue Assignment.......................................................................................... 267
Conguring the Dynamic Buer Method................................................................................................................... 268
13 Debugging and Diagnostics.......................................................................................................................270
Oine Diagnostics......................................................................................................................................................... 270
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................270
Running Oine Diagnostics.....................................................................................................................................271
Contents
9
Trace Logs.......................................................................................................................................................................273
Auto Save on Crash or Rollover............................................................................................................................. 273
Using the Show Hardware Commands....................................................................................................................... 273
Enabling Environmental Monitoring............................................................................................................................. 275
Recognize an Over-Temperature Condition..........................................................................................................276
Troubleshoot an Over-Temperature Condition......................................................................................................276
Recognize an Under-Voltage Condition.................................................................................................................277
Troubleshoot an Under-Voltage Condition............................................................................................................ 277
Troubleshooting Packet Loss........................................................................................................................................278
Displaying Drop Counters........................................................................................................................................278
Dataplane Statistics.................................................................................................................................................279
Display Stack Port Statistics.................................................................................................................................. 280
Displaying Stack Member Counters....................................................................................................................... 281
Enabling Application Core Dumps................................................................................................................................282
Mini Core Dumps........................................................................................................................................................... 282
Enabling TCP Dumps.....................................................................................................................................................283
Enabling Buer Statistics Tracking .............................................................................................................................284
14 Dynamic Host Conguration Protocol (DHCP).........................................................................................286
DHCP Packet Format and Options............................................................................................................................. 286
Assign an IP Address using DHCP.........................................................................................................................288
Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................288
Congure the System to be a DHCP Server..............................................................................................................289
Conguring the Server for Automatic Address Allocation..................................................................................289
Conguration Tasks.................................................................................................................................................290
Specifying a Default Gateway.................................................................................................................................291
Enabling the DHCP Server......................................................................................................................................291
Congure a Method of Hostname Resolution..................................................................................................... 292
Creating Manual Binding Entries............................................................................................................................293
Debugging the DHCP Server................................................................................................................................. 293
Using DHCP Clear Commands...............................................................................................................................293
Congure the System to be a Relay Agent................................................................................................................ 294
Congure the System to be a DHCP Client...............................................................................................................296
Conguring the DHCP Client System...................................................................................................................296
DHCP Client on a Management Interface............................................................................................................299
DHCP Client Operation with Other Features.......................................................................................................300
Congure Secure DHCP................................................................................................................................................301
Option 82...................................................................................................................................................................301
DHCP Snooping........................................................................................................................................................301
Conguring the DHCP secondary-subnet............................................................................................................305
Drop DHCP Packets on Snooped VLANs Only....................................................................................................305
Dynamic ARP Inspection........................................................................................................................................ 306
Conguring Dynamic ARP Inspection................................................................................................................... 307
Source Address Validation...................................................................................................................................... 308
15 Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP).................................................................................................................310
10
Contents
ECMP for Flow-Based Anity......................................................................................................................................310
Enabling Deterministic ECMP Next Hop............................................................................................................... 310
Link Bundle Monitoring.................................................................................................................................................. 310
Managing ECMP Group Paths...................................................................................................................................... 311
RTAG7...............................................................................................................................................................................311
Flow-based Hashing for ECMP.................................................................................................................................... 312
16 FC FLEXIO FPORT................................................................................................................................... 316
FC FLEXIO FPORT........................................................................................................................................................ 316
Conguring Switch Mode to FCF Port Mode.............................................................................................................317
Name Server................................................................................................................................................................... 318
FCoE Maps......................................................................................................................................................................318
Creating an FCoE Map.................................................................................................................................................. 319
Zoning..............................................................................................................................................................................320
Creating Zone and Adding Members........................................................................................................................... 321
Creating Zone Alias and Adding Members.................................................................................................................. 321
Creating Zonesets.......................................................................................................................................................... 321
Activating a Zoneset......................................................................................................................................................322
Displaying the Fabric Parameters................................................................................................................................ 322
17 FCoE Transit.............................................................................................................................................325
Fibre Channel over Ethernet........................................................................................................................................ 325
Ensure Robustness in a Converged Ethernet Network............................................................................................325
FIP Snooping on Ethernet Bridges.............................................................................................................................. 327
FIP Snooping in a Switch Stack...................................................................................................................................328
Using FIP Snooping....................................................................................................................................................... 329
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 329
Enabling the FCoE Transit Feature........................................................................................................................329
Enable FIP Snooping on VLANs.............................................................................................................................330
Congure the FC-MAP Value................................................................................................................................ 330
Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-Bridge Link.......................................................................................................330
Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-FCF Link...........................................................................................................330
Impact on Other Software Features..................................................................................................................... 330
FIP Snooping Prerequisites......................................................................................................................................331
FIP Snooping Restrictions....................................................................................................................................... 331
Conguring FIP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................332
Displaying FIP Snooping Information...........................................................................................................................332
FCoE Transit Conguration Example...........................................................................................................................337
18 FIPS Cryptography...................................................................................................................................340
Preparing the System....................................................................................................................................................340
Enabling FIPS Mode...................................................................................................................................................... 340
Generating Host-Keys....................................................................................................................................................341
Monitoring FIPS Mode Status...................................................................................................................................... 341
Disabling FIPS Mode..................................................................................................................................................... 342
Contents
11
19 Force10 Resilient Ring Protocol (FRRP)................................................................................................... 343
Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 343
Ring Status............................................................................................................................................................... 344
Multiple FRRP Rings............................................................................................................................................... 345
Important FRRP Points...........................................................................................................................................346
Important FRRP Concepts..................................................................................................................................... 347
Implementing FRRP.......................................................................................................................................................348
FRRP Conguration.......................................................................................................................................................348
Creating the FRRP Group.......................................................................................................................................348
Conguring the Control VLAN...............................................................................................................................348
Conguring and Adding the Member VLANs...................................................................................................... 350
Setting the FRRP Timers.........................................................................................................................................351
Clearing the FRRP Counters...................................................................................................................................351
Viewing the FRRP Conguration............................................................................................................................351
Viewing the FRRP Information...............................................................................................................................352
Troubleshooting FRRP.................................................................................................................................................. 352
Conguration Checks..............................................................................................................................................352
Sample Conguration and Topology............................................................................................................................353
FRRP Support on VLT...................................................................................................................................................354
Example Scenario.................................................................................................................................................... 355
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 356
20 GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP)............................................................................................. 357
Important Points to Remember....................................................................................................................................357
Congure GVRP.............................................................................................................................................................357
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................358
Enabling GVRP Globally................................................................................................................................................ 358
Enabling GVRP on a Layer 2 Interface........................................................................................................................359
Congure GVRP Registration...................................................................................................................................... 359
Congure a GARP Timer.............................................................................................................................................. 360
21 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP).......................................................................................... 361
IGMP Protocol Overview...............................................................................................................................................361
IGMP Version 2.........................................................................................................................................................361
IGMP Version 3........................................................................................................................................................363
IGMP Snooping..............................................................................................................................................................366
IGMP Snooping Implementation Information.......................................................................................................366
Conguring IGMP Snooping...................................................................................................................................367
Enabling IGMP Immediate-Leave...........................................................................................................................367
Disabling Multicast Flooding...................................................................................................................................368
Specifying a Port as Connected to a Multicast Router...................................................................................... 368
Conguring the Switch as Querier........................................................................................................................ 368
Fast Convergence after MSTP Topology Changes...................................................................................................369
Designating a Multicast Router Interface................................................................................................................... 369
12
Contents
22 Interfaces.................................................................................................................................................370
Basic Interface Conguration....................................................................................................................................... 370
Advanced Interface Conguration...............................................................................................................................370
Interface Types................................................................................................................................................................371
View Basic Interface Information..................................................................................................................................371
Conguring the Default Interface................................................................................................................................ 373
Enabling a Physical Interface........................................................................................................................................ 374
Physical Interfaces......................................................................................................................................................... 374
Conguration Task List for Physical Interfaces.....................................................................................................374
Overview of Layer Modes.......................................................................................................................................375
Conguring Layer 2 (Data Link) Mode..................................................................................................................375
Conguring Layer 2 (Interface) Mode...................................................................................................................375
Conguring Layer 3 (Network) Mode................................................................................................................... 376
Conguring Layer 3 (Interface) Mode...................................................................................................................376
Management Interfaces................................................................................................................................................ 377
Conguring Management Interfaces on the Switch........................................................................................... 378
VLAN Interfaces.............................................................................................................................................................379
Loopback Interfaces...................................................................................................................................................... 379
Null Interfaces................................................................................................................................................................ 380
Port Channel Interfaces................................................................................................................................................380
Port Channel Denition and Standards.................................................................................................................380
Port Channel Benets..............................................................................................................................................381
Port Channel Implementation................................................................................................................................. 381
100/1000/10000 Mbps Interfaces in Port Channels............................................................................................381
Conguration Tasks for Port Channel Interfaces.................................................................................................382
Creating a Port Channel..........................................................................................................................................382
Adding a Physical Interface to a Port Channel.....................................................................................................382
Reassigning an Interface to a New Port Channel................................................................................................384
Conguring the Minimum Oper Up Links in a Port Channel.............................................................................. 385
Adding or Removing a Port Channel from a VLAN............................................................................................. 385
Assigning an IP Address to a Port Channel.......................................................................................................... 386
Deleting or Disabling a Port Channel.....................................................................................................................386
Load Balancing through Port Channels...................................................................................................................... 386
Changing the Hash Algorithm......................................................................................................................................386
Server Ports....................................................................................................................................................................387
Default Conguration without Start-up Cong....................................................................................................387
Bulk Conguration......................................................................................................................................................... 388
Interface Range........................................................................................................................................................388
Bulk Conguration Examples..................................................................................................................................389
Dening Interface Range Macros................................................................................................................................ 390
Dene the Interface Range.................................................................................................................................... 390
Choosing an Interface-Range Macro.................................................................................................................... 390
Monitoring and Maintaining Interfaces........................................................................................................................ 391
Maintenance Using TDR......................................................................................................................................... 392
Splitting QSFP Ports to SFP+ Ports........................................................................................................................... 392
Contents
13
Merging SFP+ Ports to QSFP 40G Ports.............................................................................................................393
Congure the MTU Size on an Interface..............................................................................................................393
Converting a QSFP or QSFP+ Port to an SFP or SFP+ Port..................................................................................394
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 394
Example Scenarios...................................................................................................................................................394
Conguring wavelength for 10–Gigabit SFP+ optics................................................................................................395
Layer 2 Flow Control Using Ethernet Pause Frames................................................................................................ 395
Enabling Pause Frames...........................................................................................................................................396
Congure MTU Size on an Interface...........................................................................................................................396
Port-Pipes.......................................................................................................................................................................397
Auto-Negotiation on Ethernet Interfaces................................................................................................................... 397
Setting the Speed and Duplex Mode of Ethernet Interfaces.............................................................................397
View Advanced Interface Information.........................................................................................................................399
Conguring the Interface Sampling Size.............................................................................................................. 400
Conguring the Trac Sampling Size Globally..................................................................................................... 401
Dynamic Counters................................................................................................................................................... 403
Enhanced Control of Remote Fault Indication Processing....................................................................................... 404
Assigning a Front-end Port to a Management VRF..................................................................................................404
23 Internet Protocol Security (IPSec).......................................................................................................... 405
Conguring IPSec .........................................................................................................................................................405
24 IPv4 Routing............................................................................................................................................ 407
IP Addresses................................................................................................................................................................... 407
Implementation Information....................................................................................................................................408
Conguration Tasks for IP Addresses................................................................................................................... 408
IPv4 Path MTU Discovery Overview...........................................................................................................................410
Using the Congured Source IP Address in ICMP Messages................................................................................... 411
Conguring the ICMP Source Interface.................................................................................................................411
Conguring the Duration to Establish a TCP Connection..........................................................................................411
Enabling Directed Broadcast......................................................................................................................................... 412
Resolution of Host Names.............................................................................................................................................412
Enabling Dynamic Resolution of Host Names.......................................................................................................412
Specifying the Local System Domain and a List of Domains.............................................................................. 413
Conguring DNS with Traceroute.......................................................................................................................... 413
ARP.................................................................................................................................................................................. 414
Conguration Tasks for ARP................................................................................................................................... 414
ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................................ 416
ARP Learning via ARP Request....................................................................................................................................416
Conguring ARP Retries................................................................................................................................................417
ICMP................................................................................................................................................................................ 418
Conguration Tasks for ICMP.................................................................................................................................418
UDP Helper..................................................................................................................................................................... 418
Congure UDP Helper............................................................................................................................................. 418
Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 418
Enabling UDP Helper................................................................................................................................................419
14
Contents
Congurations Using UDP Helper................................................................................................................................ 419
UDP Helper with Broadcast-All Addresses........................................................................................................... 419
UDP Helper with Subnet Broadcast Addresses...................................................................................................420
UDP Helper with Congured Broadcast Addresses............................................................................................420
UDP Helper with No Congured Broadcast Addresses.......................................................................................421
Troubleshooting UDP Helper.........................................................................................................................................421
25 IPv6 Addressing.......................................................................................................................................423
Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 423
Extended Address Space........................................................................................................................................424
Stateless Autoconguration....................................................................................................................................424
IPv6 Header Fields.........................................................................................................................................................425
Version (4 bits).........................................................................................................................................................425
Trac Class (8 bits).................................................................................................................................................425
Flow Label (20 bits).................................................................................................................................................425
Payload Length (16 bits)......................................................................................................................................... 425
Next Header (8 bits)............................................................................................................................................... 426
Hop Limit (8 bits).....................................................................................................................................................426
Source Address (128 bits)....................................................................................................................................... 427
Destination Address (128 bits)................................................................................................................................427
Extension Header Fields................................................................................................................................................427
Hop-by-Hop Options Header................................................................................................................................. 427
Addressing...................................................................................................................................................................... 428
Link-local Addresses................................................................................................................................................428
Static and Dynamic Addressing..............................................................................................................................428
Implementing IPv6 with the Dell Networking OS...................................................................................................... 429
ICMPv6...........................................................................................................................................................................432
Path MTU Discovery..................................................................................................................................................... 433
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery.............................................................................................................................................. 433
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery of MTU Packets...........................................................................................................434
Conguring the IPv6 Recursive DNS Server....................................................................................................... 434
Debugging IPv6 RDNSS Information Sent to the Host .....................................................................................435
Displaying IPv6 RDNSS Information......................................................................................................................435
IPv6 Multicast................................................................................................................................................................ 435
Secure Shell (SSH) Over an IPv6 Transport.............................................................................................................. 435
Conguration Task List for IPv6...................................................................................................................................436
Adjusting Your CAM-Prole....................................................................................................................................436
Assigning an IPv6 Address to an Interface........................................................................................................... 437
Assigning a Static IPv6 Route................................................................................................................................ 437
Conguring Telnet with IPv6..................................................................................................................................438
SNMP over IPv6......................................................................................................................................................438
Showing IPv6 Information...................................................................................................................................... 438
Showing an IPv6 Interface..................................................................................................................................... 439
Showing IPv6 Routes..............................................................................................................................................439
Showing the Running-Conguration for an Interface......................................................................................... 440
Clearing IPv6 Routes................................................................................................................................................441
Contents
15
Disabling ND Entry Timeout....................................................................................................................................441
26 iSCSI Optimization...................................................................................................................................442
iSCSI Optimization Overview....................................................................................................................................... 442
Monitoring iSCSI Trac Flows...............................................................................................................................444
Information Monitored in iSCSI Trac Flows....................................................................................................... 444
Detection and Auto-Conguration for Dell EqualLogic Arrays........................................................................... 444
Conguring Detection and Ports for Dell Compellent Arrays.............................................................................445
iSCSI Optimization: Operation............................................................................................................................... 445
Default iSCSI Optimization Values.........................................................................................................................445
Displaying iSCSI Optimization Information..................................................................................................................446
27 Intermediate System to Intermediate System...........................................................................................448
IS-IS Protocol Overview................................................................................................................................................448
IS-IS Addressing.............................................................................................................................................................448
Multi-Topology IS-IS...................................................................................................................................................... 449
Transition Mode....................................................................................................................................................... 449
Interface Support.................................................................................................................................................... 450
Adjacencies...............................................................................................................................................................450
Graceful Restart............................................................................................................................................................ 450
Timers....................................................................................................................................................................... 450
Implementation Information.......................................................................................................................................... 451
Conguration Information..............................................................................................................................................451
Conguration Tasks for IS-IS..................................................................................................................................452
IS-IS Metric Styles.........................................................................................................................................................466
Congure Metric Values............................................................................................................................................... 466
Maximum Values in the Routing Table.................................................................................................................. 466
Change the IS-IS Metric Style in One Level Only................................................................................................466
Leaks from One Level to Another..........................................................................................................................468
Sample Congurations..................................................................................................................................................469
28 Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP)...............................................................................................473
Introduction to Dynamic LAGs and LACP...................................................................................................................473
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................473
LACP Modes.............................................................................................................................................................474
Conguring LACP Commands................................................................................................................................474
LACP Conguration Tasks............................................................................................................................................ 475
Creating a LAG.........................................................................................................................................................475
Conguring the LAG Interfaces as Dynamic........................................................................................................ 475
Setting the LACP Long Timeout............................................................................................................................476
Shared LAG State Tracking...........................................................................................................................................477
Conguring Shared LAG State Tracking..................................................................................................................... 477
Important Points about Shared LAG State Tracking........................................................................................... 479
LACP Basic Conguration Example.............................................................................................................................479
Congure a LAG on ALPHA................................................................................................................................... 479
16
Contents
29 Layer 2.....................................................................................................................................................488
Manage the MAC Address Table................................................................................................................................. 488
Clearing the MAC Address Table........................................................................................................................... 488
Setting the Aging Time for Dynamic Entries........................................................................................................488
Conguring a Static MAC Address........................................................................................................................489
Displaying the MAC Address Table........................................................................................................................489
MAC Learning Limit.......................................................................................................................................................489
Setting the MAC Learning Limit............................................................................................................................ 490
mac learning-limit Dynamic.................................................................................................................................... 490
mac learning-limit station-move............................................................................................................................ 490
Learning Limit Violation Actions.............................................................................................................................490
Setting Station Move Violation Actions.................................................................................................................491
Recovering from Learning Limit and Station Move Violations............................................................................491
Disabling MAC Address Learning on the System.................................................................................................492
NIC Teaming................................................................................................................................................................... 492
MAC Move Optimization........................................................................................................................................ 494
30 Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)..................................................................................................... 495
802.1AB (LLDP) Overview............................................................................................................................................495
Protocol Data Units................................................................................................................................................. 495
Optional TLVs.................................................................................................................................................................496
Management TLVs.................................................................................................................................................. 496
TIA-1057 (LLDP-MED) Overview................................................................................................................................ 498
TIA Organizationally Specic TLVs........................................................................................................................ 498
Extended Power via MDI TLV................................................................................................................................ 502
Congure LLDP............................................................................................................................................................. 502
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................502
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 503
LLDP Compatibility..................................................................................................................................................503
CONFIGURATION versus INTERFACE Congurations............................................................................................ 503
Enabling LLDP................................................................................................................................................................504
Disabling and Undoing LLDP..................................................................................................................................504
Advertising TLVs............................................................................................................................................................504
Viewing the LLDP Conguration................................................................................................................................. 505
Viewing Information Advertised by Adjacent LLDP Agents..................................................................................... 506
Conguring LLDPDU Intervals..................................................................................................................................... 507
Conguring Transmit and Receive Mode....................................................................................................................507
Conguring a Time to Live........................................................................................................................................... 508
Debugging LLDP............................................................................................................................................................509
Relevant Management Objects.................................................................................................................................... 510
31 Microsoft Network Load Balancing........................................................................................................... 515
NLB Unicast Mode Scenario.........................................................................................................................................515
NLB Multicast Mode Scenario......................................................................................................................................515
Limitations With Enabling NLB on Switches...............................................................................................................516
Contents
17
Benets and Working of Microsoft Clustering............................................................................................................516
Enable and Disable VLAN Flooding ............................................................................................................................. 516
Conguring a Switch for NLB ......................................................................................................................................516
Multicast NLB Mode................................................................................................................................................ 517
32 Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP)..........................................................................................518
Protocol Overview..........................................................................................................................................................518
Anycast RP.....................................................................................................................................................................520
Implementation Information.......................................................................................................................................... 521
Congure the Multicast Source Discovery Protocol..................................................................................................521
Related Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................521
Enabling MSDP.............................................................................................................................................................. 525
Manage the Source-Active Cache.............................................................................................................................. 526
Viewing the Source-Active Cache.........................................................................................................................526
Limiting the Source-Active Cache.........................................................................................................................526
Clearing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................ 527
Enabling the Rejected Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................527
Accept Source-Active Messages that Fail the RFP Check......................................................................................527
Specifying Source-Active Messages........................................................................................................................... 531
Limiting the Source-Active Messages from a Peer...................................................................................................532
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Local Source.......................................................................................................532
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Remote Source.................................................................................................. 533
Preventing MSDP from Advertising a Local Source..................................................................................................533
Logging Changes in Peership States...........................................................................................................................534
Terminating a Peership..................................................................................................................................................534
Clearing Peer Statistics.................................................................................................................................................535
Debugging MSDP..........................................................................................................................................................535
MSDP with Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................536
Conguring Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................537
Reducing Source-Active Message Flooding.........................................................................................................538
Specifying the RP Address Used in SA Messages.............................................................................................. 538
MSDP Sample Congurations..................................................................................................................................... 540
33 Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP)................................................................................................ 543
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................543
Spanning Tree Variations...............................................................................................................................................544
Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................544
Congure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol................................................................................................................544
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................545
Enable Multiple Spanning Tree Globally...................................................................................................................... 545
Creating Multiple Spanning Tree Instances................................................................................................................ 545
Inuencing MSTP Root Selection................................................................................................................................546
Interoperate with Non-Dell Networking OS Bridges................................................................................................. 547
Changing the Region Name or Revision..................................................................................................................... 547
Modifying Global Parameters....................................................................................................................................... 548
Enable BPDU Filtering Globally.................................................................................................................................... 549
18
Contents
Modifying the Interface Parameters........................................................................................................................... 549
Conguring an EdgePort.............................................................................................................................................. 550
Flush MAC Addresses after a Topology Change........................................................................................................ 551
MSTP Sample Congurations.......................................................................................................................................551
Router 1 Running-CongurationRouter 2 Running-CongurationRouter 3 Running-
CongurationSFTOS Example Running-Conguration.......................................................................................552
Debugging and Verifying MSTP Congurations........................................................................................................555
34 Multicast Features................................................................................................................................... 557
Enabling IP Multicast.....................................................................................................................................................557
Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................557
First Packet Forwarding for Lossless Multicast.........................................................................................................558
Multicast Policies...........................................................................................................................................................558
IPv4 Multicast Policies..................................................................................................................................................558
Limiting the Number of Multicast Routes............................................................................................................ 559
Preventing a Host from Joining a Group.............................................................................................................. 559
Rate Limiting IGMP Join Requests........................................................................................................................562
Preventing a PIM Router from Forming an Adjacency....................................................................................... 562
Preventing a Source from Registering with the RP............................................................................................ 562
Preventing a PIM Router from Processing a Join............................................................................................... 565
Understanding Multicast Traceroute (mtrace).......................................................................................................... 565
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 566
Printing Multicast Traceroute (mtrace) Paths........................................................................................................... 566
Supported Error Codes................................................................................................................................................. 567
mtrace Scenarios...........................................................................................................................................................568
35 Object Tracking........................................................................................................................................574
Object Tracking Overview.............................................................................................................................................574
Track Layer 2 Interfaces..........................................................................................................................................575
Track Layer 3 Interfaces..........................................................................................................................................575
Track IPv4 and IPv6 Routes................................................................................................................................... 575
Set Tracking Delays................................................................................................................................................. 575
VRRP Object Tracking.............................................................................................................................................576
Object Tracking Conguration......................................................................................................................................576
Tracking a Layer 2 Interface................................................................................................................................... 576
Tracking a Layer 3 Interface....................................................................................................................................577
Track an IPv4/IPv6 Route...................................................................................................................................... 578
Displaying Tracked Objects........................................................................................................................................... 579
36 Open Shortest Path First (OSPFv2 and OSPFv3).................................................................................... 581
Protocol Overview..........................................................................................................................................................581
Autonomous System (AS) Areas............................................................................................................................581
Area Types................................................................................................................................................................ 582
Networks and Neighbors........................................................................................................................................583
Router Types............................................................................................................................................................ 583
Link-State Advertisements (LSAs)........................................................................................................................585
Contents
19
Router Priority and Cost.........................................................................................................................................586
OSPF with the Dell Networking OS............................................................................................................................ 587
Graceful Restart...................................................................................................................................................... 588
Fast Convergence (OSPFv2, IPv4 Only)..............................................................................................................589
Processing SNMP and Sending SNMP Traps......................................................................................................589
OSPF ACK Packing................................................................................................................................................. 589
Setting OSPF Adjacency with Cisco Routers...................................................................................................... 589
Conguration Information.............................................................................................................................................590
Conguration Task List for OSPFv2 (OSPF for IPv4)........................................................................................ 590
Troubleshooting OSPFv2.........................................................................................................................................601
Conguration Task List for OSPFv3 (OSPF for IPv6).............................................................................................. 605
Enabling IPv6 Unicast Routing...............................................................................................................................606
Applying cost for OSPFv3......................................................................................................................................606
Assigning IPv6 Addresses on an Interface........................................................................................................... 606
Assigning Area ID on an Interface.......................................................................................................................... 607
Assigning OSPFv3 Process ID and Router ID Globally........................................................................................607
Conguring Stub Areas...........................................................................................................................................608
Conguring Passive-Interface................................................................................................................................608
Redistributing Routes..............................................................................................................................................608
Conguring a Default Route...................................................................................................................................609
Enabling OSPFv3 Graceful Restart....................................................................................................................... 609
Displaying Graceful Restart.....................................................................................................................................610
OSPFv3 Authentication Using IPsec...................................................................................................................... 611
37 Policy-based Routing (PBR).....................................................................................................................619
Overview......................................................................................................................................................................... 619
Implementing Policy-based Routing with Dell Networking OS.................................................................................621
Conguration Task List for Policy-based Routing.......................................................................................................621
PBR Exceptions (Permit)........................................................................................................................................623
Apply a Redirect-list to an Interface using a Redirect-group................................................................................... 625
Show Redirect List Conguration..........................................................................................................................626
Sample Conguration.................................................................................................................................................... 627
Create the Redirect-List GOLDAssign Redirect-List GOLD to Interface 2/11View Redirect-List GOLD......627
38 PIM Sparse-Mode (PIM-SM)...................................................................................................................631
Implementation Information.......................................................................................................................................... 631
Protocol Overview..........................................................................................................................................................631
Requesting Multicast Trac...................................................................................................................................632
Refuse Multicast Trac..........................................................................................................................................632
Send Multicast Trac............................................................................................................................................. 632
Conguring PIM-SM..................................................................................................................................................... 633
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................633
Enable PIM-SM..............................................................................................................................................................633
Conguring S,G Expiry Timers..................................................................................................................................... 634
Conguring a Static Rendezvous Point...................................................................................................................... 635
Overriding Bootstrap Router Updates.................................................................................................................. 635
20
Contents
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